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This paper presents the Real-Life Indoor Sound Event Dataset (ReaLISED), a new database which has been developed to contribute to the scientific advance by providing a large amount of real labeled indoor audio event recordings. They offer the scientific community the possibility of testing Sound Event Classification (SEC) algorithms. The full set is made up of 2479 sound clips of 18 different events, which were recorded following a precise recording process described along the proposal. This, together with a described way of testing the similarity of new audio, makes the dataset scalable and opens up the door to its future growth, if desired by the researchers. The full set presents a good balance in terms of the number of recordings of each type of event, which is a desirable characteristic of any dataset. Conversely, the main limitation of the provided data is that all the audio is recorded in indoor environments, which was the aim behind this development. To test the quality of the dataset, both the intraclass and the interclass similarities were evaluated. The first has been studied through the calculation of the intraclass Pearson correlation coefficient and further discard of redundant audio, while the second one has been evaluated with the creation, training and testing of different classifiers: linear and quadratic discriminants, k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Deep Neural Networks (DNN). Firstly, experiments were carried out over the entire dataset, and later over three different groups (impulsive sounds, non-impulsive sounds, and appliances) composed of six classes according to the results from the entire dataset. This clustering shows the usefulness of following a two-step classification process.

In 2020, over 10,000 bird strikes were reported in the USA, with average repair costs exceeding $200 million annually, rising to $1.2 billion worldwide. These collisions of avifauna with airplanes pose a significant threat to human safety and wildlife. This article presents a system dedicated to monitoring the space over an airport and is used to localize and identify moving objects. The solution is a stereovision based real-time bird protection system, which uses IoT and distributed computing concepts together with advanced HMI to provide the setup’s flexibility and usability. To create a high degree of customization, a modified stereovision system with freely oriented optical axes is proposed. To provide a market tailored solution affordable for small and medium size airports, a user-driven design methodology is used. The mathematical model is implemented and optimized in MATLAB. The implemented system prototype is verified in a real environment. The quantitative validation of the system performance is carried out using fixed-wing drones with GPS recorders. The results obtained prove the system’s high efficiency for detection and size classification in real-time, as well as a high degree of localization certainty. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. open access

This paper presents a universal method of structural analysis of the commercial real estate market with a detailed step-by-step analysis. For example, the analysis was carried out based on commercial real estate in the city of Ekaterinburg. The method is unique in creating visual content that is a map of typical territorial zones of the city of Ekaterinburg. The analysis method also includes the classical structuring of information in the form of tables and diagrams based on real offers for the sale and lease of real estate. The authors formulated forecasts for each segment of the commercial real estate market. Based on this work, anyone can conduct a similar analysis in their city or use it as a base for creating a visualization of the territory according to the zoning given in the work. Having information structured in this way will make it easier to evaluate real estate objects by their real environment.

The new technological advances achieved during the last decade allowed the scientific community to investigate and employ neurophysiological measures not only for research purposes but also for the study of human behaviour in real and daily life situations. The aim of this review is to understand how and whether neuroscientific technologies can be effectively employed to better understand the human behaviour in real decision-making contexts. To do so, firstly, we will describe the historical development of neuromarketing and its main applications in assessing the sensory perceptions of some marketing and advertising stimuli. Then, we will describe the main neuroscientific tools available for such kind of investigations (e.g., measuring the cerebral electrical or hemodynamic activity, the eye movements, and the psychometric responses). Also, this review will present different brain measurement techniques, along with their pros and cons, and the main cerebral indexes linked to the specific mental states of interest (used in most of the neuromarketing research). Such indexes have been supported by adequate validations from the scientific community and are largely employed in neuromarketing research. This review will also discuss a series of papers that present different neuromarketing applications, such us in-store choices and retail, services, pricing, brand perception, web usability, neuropolitics, evaluation of the food and wine taste, and aesthetic perception of artworks. Furthermore, this work will face the ethical issues arisen on the use of these tools for the evaluation of the human behaviour during decision-making tasks. In conclusion, the main challenges that neuromarketing is going to face, as well as future directions and possible scenarios that could be derived by the use of neuroscience in the marketing field, will be identified and discussed.

Experimental studies are carried out on semiclathrate hydrate of carbon dioxide (CO2) in tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) for varying concentrations of TBAB (0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 mass fraction) + sodium chloride (NaCl) (0.035 and 0.10 mass fraction) in an aqueous system. The three-phase equilibrium (H-LW-V) data are generated for quaternary system of CO2 + TBAB + H2O + NaCl and are not available in the open literature. The competing effect of TBAB and NaCl at different concentrations on phase behavior of semiclathrate hydrate equilibrium is studied. It is found that the inhibition effect of salt is much more pronounced at higher pressures compared to lower pressure conditions. It is observed that the inhibiting effect of the NaCl is suppressed by the promoting effect of semiclathrate hydrates of CO2 in TBAB. Although there is a shift in hydrate equilibrium curve toward inhibition zone compared to that of the same system in the absence of salt, this system is more stable than the hydrate of pure CO2 in a similar environment. The study, in general, shows that the semiclathrate hydrates of CO2 are more stable than the hydrates of pure CO 2 in the real environments containing salts, thus promising their use for safe carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) application. � 2013 American Chemical Society.

In this letter, the development and testing of an open enterprise Wi-Fi solution based on virtual access points (APs), managed by a central WLAN controller is presented. It allows seamless handovers between APs in different channels, maintaining the QoS of real-time services. The potential scalability issues associated to the beacon generation and channel assignment have been addressed. A battery of tests has been run in a real environment, and the results are reported in terms of packet loss and delay.

Persistent progress in the self-management of their disease is important and challenging for children with diabetes. The European ALIZ-e project developed and tested a set of core functions for a social robot that may help to establish such progress. These functions were studied in different set-ups and with different groups of children (e.g. classmates at a school, or participants of a diabetes camp). This paper takes the lessons learned from these studies to design a general scenario for educational and enjoying child–robot activities during returning hospital visits. The resulting scenario entailed three sessions, each lasting almost one hour, with three educational child–robot activities (quiz, sorting game and video watching), two intervening child–robot interactions (small talk and walking), and specific tests to assess the children and their experiences. Seventeen children (age 6–10) participated in the evaluation of this scenario, which provided new insights of the combined social robot support in the real environment. Overall, the children, but also their parents and formal caregivers, showed positive experiences. Children enjoyed the variety of activities, built a relationship with the robot and had a small knowledge gain. Parents and hospital staff pointed out that the robot had positive effects on child’s mood and openness, which may be helpful for self-management. Based on the evaluation results, we derived five user profiles for further personalization of the robot, and general requirements for mediating the support of parents and caregivers.

Bu çalışma, 16-19 Mayıs, 2016 tarihlerinde Zonguldak[Türkiye]’ da düzenlenen 24. Signal Processing and Communication Application Conference (SIU) Kongresi‘nde bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. Sunulan çalışmada uçtan-uca WebRTC tabanlı güvenli iletişimin sağlanmasına yönelik bir yöntem önerilmektedir. Sunulan yöntemde, standart WebRTC sinyalleşmesinde yer alan anahtar takasına yönelik parametrelerin, akıllı kart üzerinde çalışacak açık anahtar tabanlı kriptografi yöntemleri ile güvenli bir şekilde aktarılması sağlanmaktadır. Geliştirilen yöntem gerçek ortamda denenmiş ve fizibilitesi görülmüştür. In the presented study, a method is proposed for WebRTC based secure communication. In the proposed method, some parameters related with key exchange in standard WebRTC signaling are transferred in a secure way with applying public key cryptography methods over smartcards. The method is applied in real environment and feasible results are obtained. IEEE Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Elektrik Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Biomedikal Mühendisliği Bölümü Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü Netaş - 1130066

A method for multiple speaker localization using a two-microphone array is presented. Based on the disjointness property of speech signals in the time-frequency (TF) domain, the proposed approach models the distribution of Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimates in the TF plane using a Laplacian Mixture Model (LMM). Reliable DOA estimates are pre-selected using a coherence-based criterion before fitting the model by means of the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. Results using public available data show the capability of the method to successfully detect the DOA of several sources in real environments. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved., This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science under the projects TEC2006-13883-C04-01 and TEC2009-14414-C03-01

[EN] The number of road safety studies that are based on driving simulators is growing significantly. The Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain, developed a low-cost driving simulator for the assessment, training, and rehabilitation of drivers (SE2RCO). The main objective of this research was the validation of the driving simulator so that studies about road safety and highway geometric design that considered human factors could be performed. The validation was based on continuous speed profiles collected from 28 volunteers on a 30-km-long, two-lane rural road section. The same volunteers drove through the same road section built in SE2RCO. Speed data of 79 curves and 52 tangents were selected for the analysis. Comparison of the real and simulated speeds ensured the simulator's objective validity according to average and operating speeds. Two models were developed to predict field speeds from simulated speeds. Results showed that a simulated average speed lower than approximately 90 km/h was linked to a similar real average speed. For higher simulated speeds, the average speed in the real environment was lower than the simulated one. In addition, the actual operating speed was around 5 km/h lower than the operating speed in the driving simulator. Most volunteers assessed the quality and similarity of the virtual environment compared with the real world as medium or high and assessed the driving tasks similarly, thus achieving subjective validation of the simulator., The authors thank the Polytechnic University of Valencia, which subsidized the research project CONSIM-Desarrollo de un Modelo para la Evaluacion de la Consistencia del Diseno Geometric de Carreteras Convencionales Mediante Simuladores de Conduccion. The study presented here was also part of the research project titled CASEFU-Estudio Experimental de la Funcionalidad y Seguridad de las Carreteras Convencionales, which was subsidized by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Social Fund.

Persistent progress in the self-management of their disease is important and challenging for children with diabetes. The European ALIZ-e project developed and tested a set of core functions for a social robot that may help to establish such progress. These functions were studied in different set-ups and with different groups of children (e.g. classmates at a school, or participants of a diabetes camp). This paper takes the lessons learned from these studies to design a general scenario for educational and enjoying child–robot activities during returning hospital visits. The resulting scenario entailed three sessions, each lasting almost one hour, with three educational child–robot activities (quiz, sorting game and video watching), two intervening child–robot interactions (small talk and walking), and specific tests to assess the children and their experiences. Seventeen children (age 6–10) participated in the evaluation of this scenario, which provided new insights of the combined social robot support in the real environment. Overall, the children, but also their parents and formal caregivers, showed positive experiences. Children enjoyed the variety of activities, built a relationship with the robot and had a small knowledge gain. Parents and hospital staff pointed out that the robot had positive effects on child’s mood and openness, which may be helpful for self-management. Based on the evaluation results, we derived five user profiles for further personalization of the robot, and general requirements for mediating the support of parents and caregivers.

This work deals with the passive control-based chaos synchronization with circuit design for secure communication. First, the numerical simulation and electronic circuit design of a simple five-term chaotic system are performed. The numerical simulation and electronic circuit design outputs have confirmed each other. Then, the passive control method is applied for synchronizing two identical five-term chaotic systems using only one state control signal. After the synchronization study, design and analysis for secure communication by chaotic masking method are conducted in Matlab–Simulink platform. Finally, an electronic circuit design is performed for the designed communication system. In the designed communication system with Matlab–Simulink platform and electronic circuit design, information signal which is sent from the transmitter unit is successfully retrieved at the receiver unit. As a result, the electronic circuit design has shown that a single state passivity-based synchronization signal can be effectively used for secure data communication applications for the real environment.

Possibly the most important requirement to support co-operative work among health professionals and institutions is the ability of sharing EHRs in a meaningful way, and it is widely acknowledged that standardization of data and concepts is a prerequisite to achieve semantic interoperability in any domain. Different international organizations are working on the definition of EHR architectures but the lack of tools that implement them hinders their broad adoption. In this paper we present ResearchEHR, a software platform whose objective is to facilitate the practical application of EHR standards as a way of reaching the desired semantic interoperability. This platform is not only suitable for developing new systems but also for increasing the standardization of existing ones. The work reported here describes how the platform allows for the edition, validation, and search of archetypes, converts legacy data into normalized, archetypes extracts, is able to generate applications from archetypes and finally, transforms archetypes and data extracts into other EHR standards. We also include in this paper how ResearchEHR has made possible the application of the CEN/ISO 13606 standard in a real environment and the lessons learnt with this experience. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.., This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Grants TIN2010-21388-C02-01 and TIN2010-21388-C02-02, and by the Health Institute Carlos in through the RETICS Combiomed, RD07/0067/2001. Our most sincere thanks to the Hospital of Fuenlabrada in Madrid, including its Medical Director Pablo Serrano together with Marta Terron and Luis Lechuga for their support and work during the development of the medications reconciliation project.

Selenium is a trace element characterized by concentrations that narrowly range between being essential and being toxic. Even though inorganic selenite and selenate are the predominant chemical forms of Se in surface waters, the toxicity of Se to aquatic organisms is mostly governed by the bioavailability of organic selenium within food webs. The present study was designed to evaluate organic selenium bioaccumulation and toxicity patterns in the freshwater sentinel species Corbicula fluminea. Waterborne selenomethionine (SeMet) exposure was used to mimic dietary organo-Se uptake. Our results demonstrate that SeMet is accumulated to a relatively high extent with a concentration factor of 770 (wet weight basis). Higher uptake than depuration rates suggest that bivalves deal with high Se amounts using a strategy of detoxification based on Se sequestration that could involve granules, as shown by a strong increase of Se in the particulate subcellular fraction. Selenium is persistent in the cytosol of bivalves exposed to SeMet where it is found in proteins of a wide range of molecular mass, indicating a possible replacement of methionine by selenomethionine. A subsequent alteration of protein function might be one of the mechanisms of Se toxicity that could explain the histopathological effects we observed in gills by using transmission electronic microscopy. Those analyses showed changes in gill filament ultrastructure and suggested mitochondria as the first target for SeMet cytotoxicity, with alterations of the outer membrane and of cristae morphology. Organo-Se would thus not only be toxic via indirect mechanisms of maternal transfer as it was suggested for fish but also directly. Our results on Se distribution agree with studies that used dietary Se transfer, and highlight the relevance (and less expensive way) of using SeMet water-only exposure protocols to mimic the real environment. © 2009 American Chemical Society.

The reading range is one of the most critical performance indicators of a radiofrequency identification system and depends on many physical and geometrical parameters. An accurate prediction of the read zone may be accomplished by a time-consuming electromagnetic modelling accounting for the antennas and the interaction with the environment. This paper proposed, instead, a fast prediction model, based on a small set of data and parametric antenna representation, which is demonstrated to achieve the same accuracy of a fullwave 3D model in application to realistic environments. The derived formulas are ready to use and maybe useful for the planning and optimization of reader-tag networks..

Self-managing solutions have recently attracted a lot of interest from the database community. The need for self-* properties is more evident in distributed applications comprising heterogeneous and autonomous databases and functionality providers. Such resources are typically exposed as Web Services (WSs), which encapsulate remote DBMSs and functions called from within database queries. In this setting, database queries are over WSs, and the data transfer cost becomes the main bottleneck. To reduce this cost, data is shipped to and from WSs in chunks however the optimum chunk size is volatile, depending on both the resources' runtime properties and the query. In this paper we propose a robust control theoretical solution to the problem of optimizing the data transfer in queries over WSs, by continuously tuning at runtime the block size and thus tracking the optimum point. Also, we develop online system identification mechanisms that are capable of estimating the optimum block size analytically. Both contributions are evaluated via both empirical experimentation in a real environment and simulations, and have been proved to be more effective and efficient than static solutions. © 2008 IEEE. 596 605 Conference code: 73145 Cited By :23

This paper reports on a project for collection of the sound scene data. The sound scene data is necessary for studies such as sound source localization, sound retrieval, sound recognition and hands-free speech recognition in real acoustical environments. There are many kinds of sound scenes in real environments. The sound scene is denoted by sound sources and room acoustics. The number of combination of the sound sources, source positions and rooms is huge in real acoustical environments. However, the sound in the environments can be simulated by convolution of the isolated sound sources and impulse responses. As an isolated sound source, a hundred kinds of non-speech sounds and speech sounds are collected. The impulse responses are collected in various acoustical environments. In this paper, progress of our sound scene database project and application to environment sound recognition are described., LREC2000: the 2nd International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, May 31 - June 2, 2000, Athens, Greece.