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ABSTRACT Pifithrin-α (PFT-α) is a reversible inhibitor of p53-mediated apoptosis, p53-dependent gene transcription, as well as down stream responsive gene function. In response to genotoxic agents, normal cells are instructed [...]

Abstract: Astragaloside IV (AGS-IV), a new glycoside of cycloartane-type triterpene isolated from the root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, has been used experimentally for its potent immune-stimulating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative [...]

Abstract: Plasma glucose levels are maintained by a precise balance between glucose production and its use. Liver pyruvate kinase (PK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), 2 key enzymes of glycolysis and [...]

Abstract: Submandibular lymph nodes (SLN) are crucial for immune surveillance of the anterior ocular chamber and upper respiratory tract; little is known about how training and exercise affect SLN lymphocytes. [...]

Abstract: Prolactin has recently been shown to directly stimulate 2 components of the active duodenal calcium transport in female rats, i.e., solvent drag-induced and transcellular-active calcium transport. Since the basolateral [...]

Abstract Many atypical antipsychotic drugs, such as clozapine, can induce significant weight gain which can have serious implications for drug compliance and morbidity. Food intake and weight gain are regulated [...]

Endogenous Cholecystokinin Reduces Feeding in Young Rats CHOLECYSTOKININ (CCK) IS A PEPTIDE that is found in the periphery, where it acts locally and hormonally, and in the central nervous system, [...]

Selective Loss of Hippocampal Granule Cels in the Mature Rat Brain after Adrenalectomy ALTHOUGH HORMONES INFLUENCE the survival of neurons in the developing brain, none have been shown to be [...]

Accelerated Healing of Incisional Wounds in Rats Induced by Transforming Growth Factor- GROWTH FACTORS PRESENT IN SERUM and platelet extracts are considered to play important roles in inflammation and wound [...]

Organ-Resident, Nonlymphoid Cells Suppress Proliferation of Autoimmune T-Helper Lymphocytes IN ORGAN-SPECIFIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE the range of interactions between the component cells of a target tissue and the infiltrating autoreactive T [...]

Contraction of vascular smooth muscle seems to be regulated by changes in the concentration of cytosolic Ca.sup.2+.. However, changes in CA.sup.2+ during contractile activity of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC's) [...]

More than 20 radioactive ligands have been used to label dopamine receptors, and these ligands have already provided much information about the pharmacology, biochemistry, and localization of the receptors, as [...]

Historically the fields of reproduction and immunology have been classified as separate biological disciplines. A connection between these fields was first reported in 1898 when Calzolari (1) observed that the [...]

The hypothalamus is an obligatory site for the mediation of gonadal hormone--dependent sexual behavior in the female rat. Within the hypothalamus, the ventromedial nucleus is believed to be critical for [...]

Transglutaminase-Mediated Modifications of the Rat Sperm Surface in Vitro The mammalian male gamete acquires its basic differentiated phenotype in the tests; however, numerous subsequent adjustments in its molecular architecture are [...]

Lactate-Supported Synaptic Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice Preparation GLUCOSE IS GENERALLY ACCEPTED to be the primary substrate in both aerobic and anaerobic brain energy metabolism (1), whereas lactate is [...]

Carbon Tetrachloride at Hepatotoxic Levels Blocks Reversibly Gap Junctions Between Rat Hepatocytes HEPATOCYTES IN SITU OR SOONafter dissociation into cell pairs communicate with each other through gap junctions (1, 2). [...]

Diurnal Expression of Transducin mRNA and Translocation of Transducin in Rods of Rat Retina TRANSDUCIN IS A GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE(GTP)--binding (G) protein that mediates the stimulation of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase by [...]

Systemic Ethanol: Selective Enhancement of Responses to Acetylcholine and Somatostatin in Hippocampus ETHANOL HAS PRONOUNCED EFfects on human behavior and a wide variety of effects on neuronal activity (1, 2). [...]

Hypertension in the Recently Weaned Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rat Despite a Diet Deficient in Sodium Chloride In 1962, Lewis Dahl and his co-workers at Brookhaven National Laboratory reported their classic studies [...]

Excitotoxins, in particular the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of brain damage in various neurological diseases, including temporal lobe epilepsy, Huntington's disease, olivopontocerebellar [...]

The effects of α.sub.1.-adrenergic catecholamines on cardiac automaticity change as a function of development. Purkinje fibers from dogs less than 1 day old often exhibit an increase in automaticity after [...]

Postseizure inhibition has been shown both experimentally (1, 2) and clinically (3, 4) to be a physiological regulator in the self-limitation of seizures. Although the clinical significance of the postseizure [...]

Distribution of Enkephalin Immunoreactivity in Germinative Cells of Developing Rat Cerebellum Edogenous opioid systems have been implicated in a wide variety of functions (1), including the regulation of nervous system [...]

Prolactin Stimulation of Maternal Behavior in Female Rats Studies of the relation between endocrines and behavior have indicated that changes in hormonal status during pregnancy contribute to the expression of [...]

Insulin, as the major anabolic hormone in mammals, is responsible for a variety of effects on numerous metabolic pathways. These pleiotropic responses occur in seconds, minutes, and hours after the [...]

Essential Role of Insulin in Transcription of the Rat 25,000 Molecular Weight Casein Gene In a review of studies on the effects of insulin on RNA (1), most of the [...]

Recent studies have implicated the peripheral nervous system in the inflammation seen in arthritis. For example, in rats with experimental arthritis, the concentration of the undecapeptide substance P (SP) increases [...]

Orally administered Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae were rapidly expelled by rat pups suckling an immune dain. The immunity was delivered in the milk: substantial resistance was conferred on normal rat [...]

Whereas most rats do not ingest significant quantities of ethanol when ethanol (10 percent by volume in water), water, and food are concurrently available, 1 to 3 percent of the [...]

Tinkering with salt intake may alter the responsiveness of the channel responsible for the preliminary processing of salty tastes. Studies of rat pups deprived of sodium chloride during gestation and [...]

The rewarding effects of opioid injectins in humans and laboratory animals (1) have been presumed by many investigators (2) to result from the ability of opioids to relieve the distress [...]