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Četvorogodišnji mikroogledi su postavljeni 2015. godine iizvedeni na poljoprivrednim površinama sela Petkovica (opština Šabac). Predmet istraţivanja bila je domaća sorta pasulja Sremac, koja je sejana u prolećnom roku, a u 2018. godini i postrno. Proizvodnja je organizovana na vrlo siromašnom zemljištu teškog mehaničkog sastava sa preovlaĎujućom fizičkom glinom (oko 68%) pa je uz mineralna NPK hraniva korišćena i organska biomasa (kompost i saturacioni mulj). Pasulj je gajen na većim površinama uz primenu standardne tehnologije proizvodnje, a posle setve obeleţavane su eksperimentalne parcele. Tokom izvoĎenja ogleda detaljno su analizirani osnovni meteorološki podaci vodni reţim i raspored toplote u vegetacionom periodu pasulja. Prva i treća godina bile su sa značajno manjim količinama padavina u periodu april-septembar i sa dugim sušnim periodima tokom leta, dok su druga i četvrta godina imale vrlo povoljan reţim padavina. Varijabilnost vremenskih uslova značajno je uticala na visinu ostvarenih prinosa, a u četvrtoj godini omogućila i uspešnu postrnu setvu (Vasić i sar., 2007). Osnovni cilj istraţivanja bio je da se utvrdi koliki prinos zrna se moţe ostvariti sortom koja je tolerantna na sušu i podesna za gajenje u suvom ratarenju. Na osnovu ostvarenih prinosa, obračunatih materijalnih troškova i angaţovanja mehanizacije, odreĎeno je procentualno učešće varijabilnih troškova proizvodnje u ceni proizvoda. Dobijene vrednosti mogu posluţiti kao preporuka malim farmerima kako uz najpodesnije agrotehničke metode mogu ostvariti što veći bruto finansijski rezultat u proizvodnji pasulja. The four-year field trials were set in 2015 and carried out on agricultural surfaces of the village village Petkovic (municipality Sabac). The subject of the research was beans, domestic variety Sremac, which was sown in the spring, and in 2018, as stubble crop. Beans are grown on a very poor soil with a heavy mechanical composition with a predominant physical clay (about 68%). Therefore, organic (compost and saturated sludge) and NPK mineral fertilizers are used in the nutrition of plants. The beans are grown on large plots with the application of standard production technology. Experimental plots were marked after sowing. During the experiment, the detailed meteorological data were analyzed in detail by the water regime and the distribution of heat in the vegetation period of the bean. Basic meteorological data (water regime, and heat distribution) were analyzed during the vegetation period of beans. The first and third years were with significantly smaller amounts of precipitation in the period April-Septemberand with long drought periods during the summer, while the second and fourth years had a very favorable precipitation regime. Variability of weather conditions significantly influenced the amount of yields achieved, and in the fourth year enabled successful stubble sowing (Vasić et al., 2007). The basic aim of the research was to determine the extent of grain yield can be achieved by a drought tolerant variety and suitable for growing in dry cropping system. On the basis of realized yields, calculated material costs and engagement of mechanization, the percentage participation of variable production determined is costs in the price of the product. The values obtained can be used as a recommendation to small farmers to achieve the highest gross financial result in the production of beans with the most suitable scientific farming methods. Radovi sa 33. Savetovanja agronoma, veterinara, tehnologa i agroekonomista, Padinska Skela, 2019.

Predmet istraživanja u ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji je definisanje mogućih modaliteta finansiranja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji sa aspekta razvoja turističke ponude. Ruralni turizam je počeo da se razvija u Republici Srbiji 70-tih godina XX veka. Njegova današnja razvijenost ne može se meriti sa razvijenošću ovog vida turizma u evropskim državama sa sličnom dužinom razvojnog perioda. Razlog tome su različiti i brojni faktori kako na strani turističke ponude, tako i na strani tražnje. To su, pre svega, politički, ekonomski, socijalni, pravno-regulativni, institucionalni i organizaciono-upravljački faktori.U okviru svih navedenih faktora može se prepoznati zajednička spona a to su finansije, odnosno nepostojanje modela finansiranja, kako na strani ponude, tako i na strani turističke tražnje. U cilju razvoja ruralnog turizma potrebno je definisati modalitete finansiranja ruralne turističke ponude u svim segmentima, a što je i tema ove disertacije. Svakako da je u cilju razvoja ruralnog turizma potrebno i definisati modalitete finansiranja ruralne turističke tražnje, ali ova problematika zahteva posebnu i detaljnu analizu i istraživanje.Finansiranje ruralne turističke ponude je kompleksno jer je usko vezano za finansiranje poljoprivrede. Finansiranje poljoprivrede je, stalno prisutan, a nerešen problem domaće privrede i ekonomske, odnosno agrarne politike. Neophodno je da se paralelno rešavaju problemi finansiranja ruralnog turizma i poljoprivrede s obzirom na to da su ove delatnosti uzročno-posledično povezane. Nepovoljan ekonomski i finansijski položaj poljoprivrede uzrokuje da ruralno stanovništvo ne može samostalno da razvija turističku delatnost kroz koju bi moglo da realiziju dodatne prihodi i poboljša životni standard. Razvoj ruralnog turizma može da bude zamajac razvoja poljoprivrede, odnosno privrednog razvoja ruralnih područja i poboljšanja nepovoljne demografske situacije u njima. Navedeno je posebno značajno za Republike Srbiju, gde je u procesu odumiranja svako četvrto selo. Razvoj ruralnog turizma omogućio bi pozitivne ekonomske efekte na nivou poljoprivrednih gazdinstava, lokalno-ekonomskih zajednica, kao i na nivou države.Finansijski resursi su jedno od najvećih ograničenja razvoja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji, što afirmiše temu ove disertacije, odnosno potrebu istraživanja u okviru nje. Finasijski resursi predstavljaju razvojno ograničenje posmatrano sa aspekta: nedovoljnosti - u kvantitativnom pogledu i nedostupnosti kvalitetnih finansijskih resursa.Primarni cilj istraživanja je da se predstave dosadašnji i aktuelni, te definišu potencijalni modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma, odnosno ruralne turističke ponude, u Republici Srbiji. Potencijalni modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma obuhvataju:(1) finansiranje turističkeMr Gordana Đ. Radović Doktorska disertacija„Modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji“4ponude (u užem smislu) u početnoj fazi organizovanog razvoja;(2) finansiranje turističke ponude (u užem smislu) u razvijenoj fazi;(3) finansiranje razvoja turističkih sadržaja;(4) finansiranje razvoja ruralne infrastrukture;(5) finansiranje razvoja kadrova u ruralnom turizmu;(6) finansiranje razvoja promocije ruralnog turističkog proizvoda;(7) finansiranje razvoja kanala prodaje ruralnog turističkog proizvoda. Sekundarni cilj istraživanja je da se analiziraju faktori koji mogu da imaju uticaja na mogućnost samofinansiranja pružaoca usluga u ruralnom turizmu u Republici Srbiji.U disertaciji se analiziraju iskustva u razvoju i finansiranju ruralnog turizma u Evropskoj uniji, odnosno u Sloveniji, Hrvatskoj, Mađarskoj, Austriji i Rumuniji. Njihovom sintezom dolazi se do zaključaka - predloga relevantnih za finansiranje, ali i redefinisanje domaće ruralne turističke ponude, što bi se posredno odrazilo na poboljšanje ekonomskog položaja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji, a time i na potencijal samofinansiranja ove delatnosti., The topic of the research presented in this doctoral thesis is defining the potential modalities of financing the rural tourism in the Republic of Serbia with respect to the development of the tourism offer. Rural tourism began to develop in the Republic of Serbia during the 70s of the 20th century. Its state-of-the-art development cannot be compared to the one existing in other European countries with the similar length of the developmental period. The reasons for this are numerous various factors, both in favour of the tourism offer and the tourism demand. These are primarily political, economic, social, legal and regulatory, institutional, as well as organizational and management factors.A common link can be identified in all of the above factors such as finances, actually the lack of financing models, both with regards to tourism offer and the tourism demand. In order to develop rural tourism, it is necessary to define the financing modalities of the rural tourism offer in all its paradigms, which is the topic of this thesis. Certainly, it is essential to define the financing modalities of the rural tourism demand if the goal is rural tourism development, however, this topic requires a tailor-made and detailed analysis and research.Financing of the rural tourism offer is complex because it is closely related to financing of agriculture in general. The issue of financing agriculture has been omnipresent and yet an unresolved problem of the local economy and agricultural policy. It is mandatory to simultaneously work on solving the issues of financing both the rural tourism and agriculture, taking into account that they show causal relationship. Discouraging economic and financial position of agriculture causes the inability of the rural population to independently develop the tourist activity aimed at generating additional income and improving the living standards. The development of rural tourism can be a driving force of agricultural development, i.e. of the economic development of the rural areas and improvement of unfavourable demographic situation thereof. This is especially important for the Republic of Serbia, where every fourth village is dying out. Rural tourism development would provide positive economic effects on the level of agricultural holdings, local economic communities, as well as on the level of state.Financial resources persist to be one of the biggest limitations of rural tourism development in the Republic of Serbia, which puts forward and supports the topic of this doctoral thesis and the need for the proposed research. Financial resources remain to be the developmental constraint in terms of insufficiency and the unavailability of solid financial resources.Mr Gordana Đ. Radović Doktorska disertacija„Modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji“7The primary goal of this research is to present the former and current, as well as to define the potential modalities of financing the rural tourism and rural tourism offer in the Republic of Serbia. Plausible rural tourism funding modalities include: (1) financing of tourism offer (in the narrow sense) in the initial stage of structured development; (2) financing of tourism offer (in the narrow sense) in the developed stage; (3) financing the development of tourist facilities; (4) financing the development of rural infrastructure; (5) financing the development of human resources in rural tourism; (6) investing in the development of the rural tourism product promotion; (7) investing in the development of the rural tourism product sales channels. Secondary goal of this research is to analyze the factors that may have an impact on self-financing of the service providers in rural tourism in the Republic of Serbia.The dissertation analyzes various experiences related to the development and financing of rural tourism in the European Union, Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, Austria and Romania. Synthesizing all of them leads to relevant conclusions and proposals related to funding, but also to redesigning the domestic rural tourism offer, which could indirectly influence improvement of the economic status of rural tourism in Serbia, and consequently the potential to self-finance this activity.

The main goal of this paper is to prove the assumption that in the municipality of Bački Petrovac there is a predisposition for the development of rural tourism, taking into consideration the existing Spatial plan of the municipality, its conception and planning priorities. The analysis of internal and external preconditions for the development of tourism was conducted and also a field survey of registered rural households. Results of the analysis show that the external features do not represent a significant obstacle to the development of tourism, while on the other hand internal assumptions can be a limiting factor because of the extremely unfavourable demographic situation and the inadequate offer of rural households, which are mainly based on the services of accommodation. Proposals for the development of tourism through tourist spots have been given, noting which combination of existing tourist attractions is the best for the further development of every place except Maglić because this settlement has no predisposition for the development of rural tourism. In order to position tourism as an important economic activity and appropriate use of all available resources eight activities which are necessary to be conducted in the future have been proposed., Review Article

The aim of this paper is to describe the role of credit as a source financing agriculture in the Republic of Serbia in the recent period, and to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the use of this financial instrument for financing agricultural production. Agriculture, given its specific production is not capable self-financing. And that they it needs to be informed by proper financing models. In the Republic of Serbia in the recent period there was not an adequate funding model was used, and the problem of financing agricultural production is still very actual. This is the most serious and complex problem of domestic agriculture and agricultural policy. Main obstacle to a higher use of loan funds in Serbian agricultural economy are: the instability and uncertainty of the agricultural and food production, unsafe placement of unknown prices of agricultural crops in the torque delivery and inconsistent agricultural policy measures. Ese factors add to the limiting factor for greater investments in agriculture and a low rate of return of agricultural production, which is limited by low yields, low productivity, and price disparity. On the other hand, there are few banks in the reporting period, as part of their loans, and investments have directed towards agriculture. The reasons are the high risks of agricultural production, its dependence on weather conditions, the risk of disease outbreaks and large-scale as well as large fluctuations in prices of agricultural products. Risk adverse banks generates a high degree of dispersion of demand for financial services, high costs of obtaining information and performing financial transactions for farmers, and the lack of quality of loan collateral, due to unregulated or poorly regulated property rights. The demand for agricultural credit is not evenly distributed throughout the year, but is significantly higher in the sowing period, which requires a larger book of business assets of banks in this period, and thus the inability to qualify it in profitable economic activities and in the short term. Farmers have limited confidence in the banking sector, and they lack experience in dealing with the banks. Based on the research it can be concluded that loans are not performing source of funding in agriculture. In order to provide more favorable bank loans for agricultural development in the Republic of Serbia, autonomous involvement of commercial banks is not sufficient. It is necessary to introduce coordinated activities of all state bodies, which would allow the reduction of the political, institutional and financial risk in these economic conditions.