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This study examines the thermodynamic and conformational dynamics of GTRNase and lysozyme proteins under varying temperature conditions using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The objective is to evaluate their structural stability, folding behavior, and thermodynamic properties to understand their responses to thermal fluctuations. Protein structures were retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), refined to remove extraneous molecules, and simulated using GROMACS 2022.2 under NVT and NPT ensembles, spanning temperatures from 270 K to 380 K. The results revealed distinct behaviors for the two proteins. GTRNase exhibited a slight escalation in radius of gyration (Rg) from 1.434 nm at 270 K to 1.445 nm at 380 K, suggesting a marginal conformational expansion. In contrast, lysozyme maintained a consistent Rg of 1.38 nm over the same temperature range, indicating structural compactness. Root mean square deviation (RMSD) data demonstrated increased flexibility in both proteins, with GTRNase escalating from 0.115 nm at 270 K to 0.179 nm at 380 K and lysozyme rising from 0.102 nm to 0.142 nm across the temperature range. Solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) for GTRNase fluctuated between 69 nm² and 73 nm², with the lowest value observed at 300 K and the highest at 370 K. These findings highlight that GTRNase is more susceptible to thermal perturbations than lysozyme, showing greater conformational flexibility and expansion. This research underscores the utility of MD simulations in exploring protein behavior and provides valuable insights for applications in protein engineering and drug design.

Donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) targeting mismatched human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules are one of the principal threats to long-term graft survival in solid organ transplantation. However, many patients with long-term circulating DSAs do not manifest rejection responses, suggesting a degree of heterogeneity in their pathogenicity and related functional activity. Immunologic risk stratification of transplant recipients is complicated by challenges intrinsic to defining alloantibody responses that are potentially pathogenic versus those that are not. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of how human alloantibodies target and interact with donor HLA molecules is vital for the development and evaluation of new strategies aimed at reducing antibody-mediated rejection responses. In this study, we employ hydrogen–deuterium exchange–mass spectrometry (HDX–MS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and advanced biochemical and biophysical methodologies to thoroughly characterize a panel of human monoclonal alloantibodies and define the influence of Fc-region biology, antibody binding kinetics, target antigen density, and structural characteristics on their ability to potentiate the forms of immune effector mechanisms that are strongly implicated in transplant rejection. Our findings have significant implications for our understanding of the key biological determinants that underlie the pathogenicity or lack thereof of human alloantibodies.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder caused by the reciprocal translocation of the BCR-ABL1 oncogene, which activates tyrosine kinase resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation and apoptosis suppression. Although Imatinib (IM) is an effective treatment, IM resistance remains a significant concern. Therefore, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential alternative therapies. These short, non-coding RNAs (20-22 nucleotides) regulate gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target genes. The study aims to identify miRNAs linked to CML, determine miRNA’s target genes, construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and analyze pathways and gene ontology. A literature search using the keywords “microRNA”, and “chronic myeloid leukemia” yielded relevant papers, which were screened and categorized into three groups: 1) miRNA associated with TKI resistance, 2) miRNA as biomarkers or leukemogenesis, and 3) miRNA as therapy. Target genes for the identified miRNAs were determined using DIANA tools and miRTarBase. Gene ontology and pathway analysis were conducted using DAVID, while PPI and network visualization were performed using STRING, Cytoscape, and ClueGO. Thirteen miRNAs were selected, targeting 782 genes and forming 16 clusters. ClueGO identified clusters associated with key biological processes, including G1/S cell cycle transition, miRNA-mediated gene silencing, hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, and apoptosis regulation. Target genes are also significant in the CML pathway and other cancer pathways, such as p53, ErbB, FoxO, autophagy, apoptosis, VEGF, TNF, and microRNA. Notably, hsa-miR-16 emerged as the most promising therapeutic and biomarker candidate for CML, highlighting its role in critical pathways.

Pada penelitian ini, 2'-hidroksicalkon (C345) dan flavonol (F345) tersubstitusi trimetoksi telah disintesis menggunakan metode iradiasi microwave dan metode pengadukan. Struktur kedua produk telah dikarakterisasi melalui analisis spektroskopi UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, dan HRMS. Hasil analisis spektroskopi menunjukkan bahwa kedua produk memiliki struktur yang sesuai dengan struktur molekul target yang diharapkan. Selain itu, hasil sintesis juga menunjukkan bahwa metode iradiasi microwave terbukti dapat mempercepat waktu reaksi (dari 1,5-3,0 jam menjadi 3-6 menit) dan meningkatkan rendemen produk murni pada sintesis senyawa C345 (55,31 %) dan F345 (83,65 %). Selanjutnya, hasil docking menunjukkan bahwa kedua senyawa dapat membentuk ikatan hidrogen dengan beberapa residu penting pada sisi aktif dan dapat terikat pada kedua situs katalik MPro SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID:6M2N), yaitu His41 dan Cys145 melalui interaksi hidrofobik dengan nilai energi bebas pengikatan yang lebih negatif (-8,95 dan -9,02 kcal/mol) dibandingkan dengan baicalein sebagai inhibitor pembanding. Hasil kajian in silico lainnya juga menunjukkan bahwa kedua senyawa memiliki profil farmakokinetik yang baik dan memiliki sifat kemiripan dengan obat berdasarkan aturan Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, Egan, dan Muegge. Selain itu, senyawa F345 juga diprediksi memiliki risiko toksisitas yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan baicalein. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and In Silico Study of the Potential of 2'-Hydroxychalcone and Trimethoxy-Substituted Flavonols as Inhibitors of the Main Protease (MPro) of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, trimethoxy-substituted 2'-hydroxychalcone (C345) and flavonol (F345) were synthesized using microwave irradiation and stirring methods. The structure of the two products were characterized by spectroscopic analyses including UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The result of spectroscopic analyses showed that the products had structures consistent with the expected target molecules. In addition, the synthesis results showed that the microwave irradiation method was proven to speed up the reaction time (from 1.5-3.0 hours to 3-6 minutes) and increased the yield of pure product in the synthesis of compounds C345 (55.31 %) and F345 (83.65 %). Furthermore, the docking result showed that the two compounds can form hydrogen bonds with several important residues on the active site and also can bind to catalytic dyad of the SARS-CoV-2 MPro (PDB ID:6M2N), namely His41 and Cys145 through hydrophobic interactions with a more negative binding free energy (-8.95 and -9.02 kcal/mol) than baicalein as a reference inhibitor. The result of silico studies also showed that the two compounds exhibited good pharmacokinetic profiles and drug-likeness properties based on Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, Egan, and Muegge rules. In addition, compound F345 was also predicted to has a smaller toxicity risk compared to baicalein.

This research aims to analyze women's education in the perspective of Islamic education philosophy with two focuses of study, namely the essence and challenges of emancipation in the era of disruption. This research uses a qualitative method based on library research. The data analysis used is content analysis. The results revealed that by nature women have a position as a housewife, as a wife, both of which make her a good teacher for herself and her children, and an educator partner for her husband. At the age of children, women's education is oriented towards their growth and development for their basic potential. At the age of adolescence leads to the formation of personality, and at adulthood leads to education for her duties as a mother and shaper of generations. The emancipation of women in the era of disruption in the context of Islamic education philosophy reflects the transformation of the role and rights of women in a changing society. In the framework of Islamic thought, education is the main key to understanding the values of gender equality as contained in Islamic teachings. The process of women's emancipation illustrates the effort to free women from limitations and inequality, with Islamic education as a means to empower them intellectually and spiritually.

Placenta accreta, one of the morbidly adherent placenta components and currently known as placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), is a condition characterized by abnormal adherence of the placenta to the uterine wall. This can lead to significant blood loss and may lead to high morbidity and mortality rates for the mother. It is a failure of placenta separation during the third stage of labor, which is thought to be high prevalence in those with previous cesarean delivery, especially with the presence of placenta previa. However, PAS is possible in cases of a normally-situated placenta without previous cesarean delivery. We reported an interesting case of a 41-year-old woman, gravida 8 para 7, admitted to the labor room for augmentation of labor, who needed emergency lower segment cesarean section. The incidental finding of PAS was made intraoperatively and was complicated with a hysterectomy. PAS in a normally situated placenta (upper segment) in a virgin abdomen that has been discovered during emergency lower segment cesarean section could cause a nightmare to the obstetrician as it leads to massive postpartum hemorrhage, ureteric injury, and high maternal morbidity and mortality.

The adoption of e-commerce has become crucial for organizations, particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to gain a competitive edge in the market since the emergence of the World Wide Web. Although previous research has investigated e-commerce adoption in different countries, there still needs to be studies, particularly in the Malaysian e-commerce industry, which has experienced accelerated growth due to the consumers' increased online shopping in response to the nationwide lockdown and movement restrictions. To address this gap, this study utilized the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to examine the relationships between organizational awareness (OA), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and e-commerce adoption (EA) among SMEs in Johor. The study employed a quantitative approach and distributed an online questionnaire to the targeted respondents, resulting in 384 data sets that were analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, including descriptive and correlation analysis. The findings indicated that organizational awareness (OA), perceived usefulness (PU), and perceived ease of use (PEOU) had significant effects on e-commerce adoption (EA) among Johor SMEs. The results could assist the Johor State Government in developing and enhancing policies for the Digital Economy agenda and contribute to a better understanding of the factors that affect e-commerce adoption among SMEs in Johor. Finally, the study suggested future research directions based on the limitations and implications of the research.

Kegiatan Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka (IKM) dalam Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) bagi para guru TK belum menjadi pilihan dengan pemanfaatan model Belajar Berbasis Proyek. Pilihan pengabdian masyarakat untuk melakukan pelatihan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek mengambil tema dari P5, yaitu “Aku Sayang Bumi” dengan pilihan kegiatan pengolahan sampah menggunakan Eco-Enzyme. Tema tersebut dipilih berdasarkan masalah lingkungan di gugus Lebah Kecamatan Pancoran yang berada di area pemukiman padat dengan mempertimbangkan keperluan penanggulangan sampah. Kepadatan penduduk yang berarti memiliki banyak sampah harian berbentuk sampah organik dan non organik, sehingga menimbulkan bau tidak sedap dan gangguan kesehatan akibat pembusukan yang terjadi. Metode pelatihan menggunakan blended learning (Daring dan Luring) serta kunjungan lapangan ke lokasi praktik pelatihan saat berproses melakukan pembuatan Eco Enzyme. Pelatihan diikuti oleh guru TK berjumlah 50 orang dari 11 Lembaga Taman Kanak-kanak anggota Gugus Lebah, Keterampilan guru dalam mengedukasi peserta didik melalui model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dengan tema “Aku Sayang Bumi” diharapkan dapat memenuhi capaian pembelajaran yang dapat membentuk karakter pelajar yang berbasis Pancasila.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed consumer behavior; therefore, it is interesting to understand consumer behavior when purchasing vegetables online. This study aims to determine consumer attitudes, decision-making processes, and patterns in purchasing vegetables online at Bejana.id. The research location in Bandar Lampung City was purposively selected with the consideration that the company is representative for achieving research objectives. Sample determination was performed by the non-probability method with the quota sampling technique. There were 45 research samples consisting of 40 B2C consumers (individuals/households) and five B2B consumers (hotels, restaurants, and cafes). The data were collected from January to February 2023. The data were analyzed descriptively using the Fishbein Multi-attribute model. The results showed that the attitude of Bejana.id consumers was in the good category with the most preferred attributes, namely, the attributes of the expiration period inclusion (product component) and the accuracy of the product according to the order (service component). Consumers buy vegetables online through problem recognition, information search, alternative evaluation, purchase decisions, and post-purchase behavior. B2C consumers form a purchasing pattern with an amount of 2.1 bunches or 2.8 packs each week with the type of vegetables, namely leaf vegetables, which in one purchase reaches IDR 50,000.00 - IDR 100,000.00, with a frequency of once per week. The vegetables most purchased by B2B consumers are leaf vegetables, fruit vegetables, and root vegetables, which are routinely purchased 3-4 times each week with one purchase reaching IDR 1,000,000.00 - IDR 3,499,999.00.

The Government established the National Amil Zakat Agency to manage zakat, but the prismatic society tends to be traditionalists in Kapuas Regency are reluctant to pay zakat through it. The study aims to determine the legal conflict in the zakat management of the prismatic society and to find out the causes of the prismatic society's reluctance to pay zakat through the zakat institution. It is descriptive qualitative with an empirical and legislative approach. The results indicate that the legal conflict between the law of zakat management and the prismatic law that applies in society makes the rules overlap and the zakat management for public interests became less optimal. Meanwhile, the causes of why they are reluctant to pay zakat through BAZNAS are the feeling better to give zakat directly to mustahiq, the lack of public understanding of the zakat management benefits by the institution, and the lack of public trust in the institution. There is a need for adjustments to zakat management regulations and providing comprehension that the society and zakat managers must have the awareness to optimize zakat, which is useful for the development of the country and Muslims.

Background: Supplementation of iron (Fe) tablets are essential to prevent pregnant women from iron deficiency anemia. Several other factors, such as knowledge, attitude, side effects, and personal access to information about iron tablet supplements, reduce the compliance of pregnant women to consume iron tablets. This study uses a combination of interventions, Short Message Service (SMS) reminders, and counseling. Purpose: This research aims to discover the effects of SMS reminders and counseling as well as factors that influence pregnant women's compliance in consuming Fe tablets. Methods: 170 pregnant women in Balowerti Public Health Center were divided into control and intervention groups. Each group received pre and post-test. The intervention group was given the treatment of SMS reminders and counseling for seven days before the post-test. The data analysis was using McNemar's paired test. Results: McNemar test results obtained the effects of the SMS Reminder and counseling on knowledge (p = 0.01), attitude (p = 0.00), and adherence (p = 0.00) of pregnant women in the intervention group as compared to the control group at the time of the post-test. The logistic regression analysis found that the factors that influence the compliance of pregnant women to consume Fe tablets (p

This research aims at describing the utilization of hand puppets made from used socks adn Let’s Read Application as a storytelling medium in improving the speaking skills of the students at Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP) Al Washliyah Univeristy (Univa), Medan. This study also aims to 1) produce the benefits of hand puppets from used socks and the Let's Read application as learning media, 2) test the feasibility of the learning media, and 3) test the effectiveness of the media. This study uses the Research and Development (RD) ADDIE model. The results show that the feasibility test result conducted by the material validator got an average of 87.5% and media experts got an average of 96.67% with very decent criteria. The limited-scale effectiveness tests of hand puppets made from used socks as a learning medium for the students of FKIP Univa Medan in the 2020-2021 academic year result in an average pre-test score of 41 and an average post-test score of 78. The Hand puppets and Let's Read application are effective to be used in the speaking skills course with t-count of 3,791 and t-table of 2,021. The N-gain calculation data is 0.43. It means that hand puppets made from used socks and the Let's Read application are feasible and effective to be used as learning media for storytelling in the speaking skills course. Students make recordings of storytelling using the hand puppets to display on YouTube. The media can be developed as one of the Indonesian language learning media so that students' understanding and Indonesian language skills increase.

Hasil belajar kognitif dan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik harus ditingkatkan oleh lembaga pendidikan pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan secara online perlu diintegrasikan dengan kecenderungan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan LKPD-Elektronik terhadap hasil belajar kognitif produk dan kognitif proses pada konsep virus, dan pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Penelitian hasil belajar kognitif produk dan kognitif proses menggunakan penelitian quasi eskperiment dengan teknik purposive sampling, sedangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis menggunakan kelas perlakuan dan kontrol. Teknik analisis data hasil belajar menggunakan analisis kovarian dianalisis dengan uji Statistical Product and Service Solutions (Program SPSS 22). Data keterampilan berpikir kritis dianalisis melalui teknik deskriptif dengan penskoran kategorisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan LKPD-Elektronik berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar kognitif produk dan kognitif proses dengan signifikansi 0,000, dan aspek keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan rata-rata kategori baik. Keterampilan berpikir kritis bermanfaat bagi peserta didik memahami materi pelajaran dan menempatkan diri dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Abstract. Educational institutions must improve cognitive learning outcomes and students' critical thinking skills during the COVID-19 pandemic. Learning activities carried out online need to be integrated with critical thinking tendencies. This study aims to analyze the effect of electronic worksheets on product cognitive learning outcomes and cognitive processes on the concept of viruses and their effect on increasing critical thinking skills. The research on product cognitive learning outcomes and cognitive processes used a quasi-experimental study with a purposive sampling technique, while critical thinking skills used treatment and control classes. The data analysis technique for learning outcomes uses covariance analysis through the Statistical Product and Service Solutions test (SPSS 22 Program). Critical thinking skills data are analyzed with descriptive techniques with categorization scoring. The results showed that LKPD-Electronic significantly affected product cognitive learning outcomes and cognitive processes with a significance of 0.000, and aspects of critical thinking skills with an average of good categories. Critical thinking skills are helpful for students to understand the subject matter and place themselves in everyday life.

Process system engineering approaches have a considerably broader reach, which is one of the benefits for decision-makers. Making a decision, however, has many drawbacks. It includes biased decisions, timeconsuming analyses, and an unpredictable future. A decision-making integration framework based on hybrid process network synthesis and machine learning was presented in this study. The municipal solid waste management case study uses to demonstrate the applicability decision-making framework. The focus of this paper is to facilitate equipment selection for municipal solid waste management. P-graph was used to generate the 160 possible structures. Then, using the WEKA software, the data from the feasible structure would be processed and evaluated using the chosen algorithm. The J48 is the best model for equipment selection using an 80:20 ratio train and test learning technique in WEKA. The kappa statistics J48 algorithm function for the training and testing dataset is 0.9722 and 1. The mean absolute error and root mean square error are 0.0042 and 0.0354. The decision-making integration framework represents by a graphical user interface in MATLAB. The focus of user interface for selection of waste conversion technologies. As a result, the model can be used to determine the best municipal solid waste conversion technology.

Local wisdom can be used as a medium for introducing culture to increase tourism. The purpose of this research is to describe about the transfer process of the legend of Parsidangan stone in Huta Siallagan, Samosir Regency in literary tourism perspective. The structure of the story then describes the local wisdom of the Parsidangan stone legend. Tourists' perceptions of the legend is very important to develop the potential of the locality, especially in tourism development. This qualitative research uses a descriptive inferential technique with a literary tourism perspective. Data were collected by observation and interview methods. The results show that there is a transfer of the Parsidangan stone legend from oral (spoken) to written (script) and animated films, which describe the structure of the story such as the theme of the Parsidangan stone folklore, namely the rocking chair as a meeting place and trial of King Siallagan. It is said that the Batak tribe has a tradition of keeping everything that will be done together, such as traditional parties, village parties, weddings, and funerals. The main character in this legend is King Siallagan. The background in this research is parsidangan stone, execution stone, fields, lakes. The plot in this legend is a mixed plot. The forms of local wisdom in the Parsidangan stone legend are hard work, justice, courtesy, commitment, discipline, and preservation.

Porcine gelatin is often used to replace bovine gelatin because its production costs are more affordable, so there are concerns about contamination with haram ingredients such as porcine, along with the boom in face mask products circulating in Indonesia. This research was conducted to determine the origin of gelatin in facial mask products using the differences in the functional groups of bovine and porcine gelatin. Reference face mask samples were made with a concentration variation ratio of pure bovine gelatin and pure porcine gelatin of 1:0; 0.75:0.25; 0.50:0.50; 0.25:0.75; and 0:1. The gelatin contained in reference face mask samples and face mask samples circulating on the market was isolated with acetone, which was then carried out by a vortexing process and centrifuged to obtain the supernatant. The supernatant obtained was then analyzed using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) method to determine the absorbance value and wave number. Next, it was analyzed further using chemometrics. The results of the FTIR analysis showed the compound composition of gelatin consisting of groups O-H, C-N, C=O, C-H, and C-O. The number of waves in the 1235–1077 cm-1 optimization result was used for the PLS and PCA analyses. PCA analyses showed that one gelatin mask product was in a square with gelatin masks used as porcine gelatin references, while the other two samples were outside the bovine and porcine gelatin quadranes. The conclusion of this study was that of the three samples of facial masks studied, one came from porcine gelatin, and the other two were of unknown gelatin origin.

This study aims to analyze the morals of fathers in educating children in the perspective of the Qur'an by studying Ibn Katsr's interpretation and al-Mishbâẖ's interpretation. This study uses a library research method using primary data of Ibnu Katsr's interpretation and al-Mishbâẖ's interpretation, secondary data in the form of pre-existing sources such as other supporting books related to the object being studied. The main steps of data analysis in this study begin with an inventory of the text in the form of verses, examine the text, look at the historical verses and look at the hadiths. Furthermore, it is interpreted objectively and described descriptively and then drawn some deductive conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the morals of fathers in educating children in the perspective of the Qur'an with the interpretation of Ibn Katsr and the interpretation of al-Mishbâẖ are wills, love for children with the call yâ bunayya (O my son), grateful, not burdensome to children and prospective in-laws, and pray.

Intravenous (IV) infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from nascent tissues like Wharton's Jelly of the umbilical cord is reported to offer therapeutic effects against chronic diseases. However, toxicological data essential for the clinical application of these cells are limited. Thus, this study aimed to determine the safety of IV infusion of Wharton's Jelly derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) in rats. Fifteen male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomised into the control or treatment group. Each group received an equal volume of saline or WJ-MSC (10 × 106 cell/kg) respectively. The animals were evaluated for physical, biochemical and haematological changes at Week 0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 during the 12-week study. Acute toxicity was performed during Week 2 and sub-chronic toxicity during Week 12. At the end of the study, the relative weight of organs was calculated and histology was performed for lung, liver, spleen and kidney. The findings from physical, serum biochemistry and complete blood count demonstrated no statistically significant differences between groups. However, pathological evaluation reported minor inflammation in the lungs for all groups, but visible healing and resolution of inflammation were observed in the treatment group only. Additionally, the histological images of the treatment group had significantly improved pulmonary structures compared to the control group. In summary, the IV administration of WJ-MSC was safe in the rats. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term safety of the WJ-MSC in both healthy and diseased animal models.

Lifestyle is one of the factors that influence consumer behavior. The increase in spending on the consumption of food and beverage in Indonesia shows changes in people's lifestyles, including college students who like eating out. Food consumption is closely related to the eating mindset and preferences of someone. This study aims to analyze college students’ preferences of foods and beverages; analyze the student's eating mindset and analyze the correlation between college students’ eating mindset and preferences of foods and beverages in Bandar Lampung City. This research used a survey method. The data was collected from May to July 2020 (the Covid-19 pandemic period). The sampling technique used was quota sampling and the number of samples was 500 college students in Bandar Lampung City. The primary data collection was carried out using an online questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Kendall's Tau correlation test. The results showed that: (1) college students' preference of beverages was higher than foods and based on the variety, the highest preference of main course/meal was noodles, the snack was pempek and beverages were bottled mineral water; (2) the college student's eating mindset about the benefits of eating is good enough, but the consumption is still rice oriented and (3) eating mindset about the benefits of eating dimensions has a significant negative effect on the preferences of college students in Bandar Lampung City for meals made from rice and flour, and snacks made from flour and sago. College students' knowledge of food and nutrition, and also local food diversification needs to be improved to achieve the goal of food diversification.

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia and around the world is still on going. Teaching and learning activities in schools require a change, one of which is by using the internet network (online) to maintain the implementation and quality of learning outcomes. Lesson Study can improve student collaboration skills, teacher collaboration and implementation of learning. The implementation of lesson study (LS) at SMPN 1 Palangka Raya in collaboration with Palangkaraya University has been carried out in 2 cycles. The implementation of LS in Natural Science (IPA) material is carried out by 4 model teachers and 7-8 observers. Each cycle consists of stages: Lesson Design, Redesign, Open Class, and Reflection. The implementation of learning and collaboration of teachers or students is measured using an observation sheet. Observational data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that collaboration skills between teachers were obtained in the first cycle of 85.94%, an increase in the second cycle of 96.88%. The activity of teachers in one LS Team reached 100%, while during the Open Class in the first cycle it was 80.08% and the second cycle was 76.83%. The implementation of learning for 8 open lessons from 4 teachers for the first cycle was 93.75% and the second cycle was 95.83%. Students' collaboration skills increased from cycle I (77.08%) to Cycle II (91.67%). Thus, the application of LS to online science materials at SMPN 1 Palangka Raya City can be applied to increase collaboration during the covid-19 pandemic

Multilevel marketing is a new case that is not found in the legal explanation of the Al-qur’ān or in the sunnah; to determine the law, the moslem scholars have “ijtihād” by using various approaches, both economic approaches and fiqh approaches. Because of the different points of view they use, the legal provisions produced vary; some forbid, and others allow. This study seeks to highlight multilevel marketing from the perspective of Maqāṣid syari’a relating to property, this study is carried out using qualitative analytical descriptive methods and is based on literature. The significance of this study is because it bases its discussion on maqāṣid syari’a, which is a discipline that reveals the wisdom, and the ultimate goal of a rule set by God for humans. The results of the study confirm that multilevel marketing in practice violates the principles of maqāṣid syari’a relating to property; therefore, this study strengthens the opinion that prohibits the practice of multilevel marketing in economic Activities

This research aims to develop an interactive e-module on redox concept. Research and Development (R&D) method was used in this study with a Plomp model. This model included three phases: preliminary, prototype or development, and assessment. Validation sheets and response questionnaires were used as research instruments. Six expert lecturers, consisting of three media and materials experts each, assessed the validity sheets. A small-scale test was carried out utilizing two approaches; a one-to-one test and a small group test. A one-to-one test was given to three students who had high, medium, and low abilities; while the small group test was conducted on three teachers and 30 students from three different schools, which are MAN 2 Pekanbaru, MAN 1 Pekanbaru, and SMA IT Al-fitiyah. The results showed that the interactive e-module was very valid and could be used in learning activities. This is indicated by the percentage of validation from material experts 89.27% and media experts 88.76%. In a small-scale trial for a one-on-one test, the teacher's response 95.83% with very practical criteria; and student response test 87.73% with interesting criteria.

Endometriosis occurs when endometrial-like tissue forms and grows outside the uterus due to oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the female reproductive tract. Factors that suppress this event could become potential therapeutic agents against disease occurrence and progression. However, an overview of these studies is still lacking. This review assessed the impact of a number factors on oestrogen-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the emergence of several diseases in the female reproductive tract, primarily endometriosis. The association between epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome was also investigated. Oestrogen, Wnt4 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were chosen as keywords in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science searches performed on 28th June 2021. Study selection was refined to cancer-irrelevant, English, original articles published between years 2011–2021. The full-text assessment was carried out for topic-related articles after title and abstract screening. Included studies were summarised and assessed for their risk of bias using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation tool. In this review, 10 articles investigating oestrogen and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the female reproductive tract were summarised and classified into two groups: seven studies under ‘factor’-modulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and three studies under ‘factor’-manipulated oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The current evidence proposes that epithelial-mesenchymal transition is one of the prime causes of reproductive-related disease. This event could be mediated by distinct stimuli, specifically oestrogen and Wnt4 aberration. The results of this review suggest that oestrogen and Wnt4 participate in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vaginal epithelial cells in MRKH syndrome, adopting from the theories of endometriosis development, which could therefore serve as a foundation for novel target treatment, specifically related to vaginal epithelialisation, to ensure better surgical outcomes.

The Dayak Community, as an agrarian community, respects and upholds the noble values of their ancestors. This value strongly affects their social and cultural system, including the customs and traditions of inheritance settlement. This research is descriptive-analytic using a phenomenology approach. The aim is to identify the uniqueness of the traditional heritage of the Ngaju Dayak tribe in Palangka Raya through the perspective of acculturation theory of culture and law. The study shows that the acculturation model that occurs in Palangka Raya is an adjustment model, in which the process of adjustment and adaptation of one culture to other cultures occurs without forming a new culture. In addition, this study also finds that the community kinship system influences the application of inheritance law among the Ngaju Dayak indigenous people, Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan.

The effect of anemia in pregnancy is not good for the mother, both during pregnancy, childbirth, and in the puerperium. One of the foods that contain iron is seaweed. Seaweed (Eucheuma sp) is one of the foodstuffs that contain several intermediate compounds needed in the synthesis of hemoglobin such as iron, protein, and vitamin B complex. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of seaweed juice (Eucheuma sp) on increasing hemoglobin levels of pregnant women in the first trimester of anemia. This study was a pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design with a sample of 30 pregnant women in the first trimester who met the inclusion criteria of the study. Researchers measured Hb levels before after being given seaweed juice, the statistical test used was the Paired T-Test test, p-value= 0,000. The conclusion from this study was that seaweed juice could increase Hb levels in first-trimester pregnant women with anemia.

Abstrak - Akuntabilitas Berbasis Amanah pada Pondok Pesantren Tujuan Utama - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengonstruksi konsep akuntabilitas pondok pesantren berdasarkan perspektif amanah. Metode - Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus tunggal pada sebuah pondok pesantren. Beberapa pengurus pondok pesantren dan santri menjadi informan untuk mengonstruksi konsep akuntabilitas. Temuan Utama - Penelitian ini memformulasikan akuntabilitas berbasis amanah. Formulasi tersebut mengandung nilai religius dan spiritual. Akuntabilitas ini didefinisikan sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban yang berorientasi kepada Tuhan untuk menciptakan dan mendistribusikan kesejahteraan dan nilai tambah bagi santri, pengasuh, pengelola, masyarakat, dan alam sekitar. Implikasi Teori dan Kebijakan - Penelitian ini berhasil mengintegrasikan data empiris akuntabilitas dengan konsep amanah dalam shariah enterprise theory. Konsep akuntabilitas berbasis amanah dapat ditransfer menjadi praktik akuntabilitas pada berbagai organisasi berbasis syariah. Kebaruan Penelitian - Akuntabilitas berbasis amanah merupakan konsep baru sebagai kekhasan pondok pesantren. Abstract - Trust-Based Accountability in Islamic Boarding Schools Main Purpose - This study aims to construct a boarding school accountability concept based on a mandate perspective. Method - This study uses a single case study in an Islamic boarding school. Several boarders of Islamic boarding schools and students became informants in constructing the concept of accountability. Main Findings - This study formulates trust-based accountability. This formulation contains religious and spiritual values. Accountability is defined as a form of accountability oriented to God to create and distribute welfare and added value to students, caregivers, managers, society, and the surrounding environment. Theory and Practical Implications - This study succeeded in integrating empirical data on accountability with the concept of trust in shariah enterprise theory. The concept of trust-based accountability can be transferred to accountability practices in various sharia-based organisations. Novelty - Trust-based accountability is a new concept as a peculiarity of Islamic boarding school.

The influence of boron oxide on glass-forming ability, phase transformation, and optical properties of new zinc-boro-soda-lime-silicate (ZBSLS) glass system with formulation 60–x(ZnO)x(B2O3)40(SLS) where x = 0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 wt.% using the conventional melt-quenching technique was comprehensively studied. The glass powder samples were subjected to true density measurement using Helium Pycnometer. Besides, the XRD and FTIR spectroscopy was used to examining the phase and structural rearrangement in the ZBSLS glass system. The XRD result emphasizes the glass samples (G3, G4, and G5) in amorphous nature when boron concentration is more than 5 wt.% in the ZBSLS glass matrix. Also, the UV–Vis spectra were observed within 200–800 nm. At that point, the data from optical absorbance was converted to justify the optical band gap energy using Mott and Davis theory. The optical band gap energy show increment behavior from 4.35 to 5.25 eV for direct allowed transition and 3.25–4.30 eV for indirect allowed transition with the progress of boron concentration, respectively.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer that had been used as a substitute for conventional petroleum based plastics. Plasticizers were added into the solution of PLA and starch (PLA/S) to increase the flexibility and degradability of the produced film. PLA/S films need plasticizers that able to improve the degradation process. Red palm oil (RPO) were incorporated into PLA/S blends. The films were casted into petri dish via casting method. The films were characterized based on the color, thickness and chemical composition (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy). The performance of the films was analyzed based on tensile strength and biodegradation percentage. The films were yellowish in color with the addition of RPO. The FTIR shows that the increment of RPO concentration modified the intermolecular interaction between the PLA/S molecules. The tensile strength of PLA decreased with the addition of starch. The biodegradability test was done by using soil burial method where the samples were buried in peaty soil for 12 days. The films produced from these combinations resulted in a good biodegradable activity. The films with high concentration of RPO and presence of starch degraded 100% within 12 days. RPO can be used as the plasticizer with further improvement.

Objective: To build an exponential regression model based on parameter estimation. Material and Methods: We developed a simple mathematical model to simulate the growth of bacteria and the exponential growth is often used to model population growth as such cell growth while the exponential decay is portraying a declining or decreases in the size of the population. An exponential regression method was used to fit the data and estimate growth parameter values Streptococcus sobrinus using statistical software SPSS version 20. Results: Based on the results of the parameter estimates, which is constant are 83.039 and b1 is 0.005 while R-square is 0.952. According to the R-Square results obtained, the model is good and appropriate. Conclusion: The model can be used to find the potential biological parameters, which may be able to predict the treatment outcome. This study helps researchers to understand the specific growth rate(s), which can be used to best grow the organism.

Numerous biomaterials have been developed over the years to enhance the outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. These products are specifically designed to prevent postoperative bleeding, optimize wound healing, and reduce inflammation. However, there is no singular material on the market that can be deemed the optimal material for the nasal pack. We systematically reviewed the available evidence to assess the functional biomaterial efficacy after ESS in prospective studies. The search was performed using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 31 articles were identified in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was used to assess each study’s risk of bias. The studies were critically analyzed and categorized into types of biomaterial and functional properties, according to synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines. Despite the heterogeneity between studies, it was observed that chitosan, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, and starch-derived materials exhibit better endoscopic scores and significant potential for use in nasal packing. The published data support the idea that applying a nasal pack after ESS improves wound healing and patient-reported outcomes.

Respiratory diseases recently became the leading cause of death worldwide, due to the emergence of COVID-19. The pathogenesis of respiratory diseases is centred around inflammation and oxidative stress. Plant-based alongside synthetic drugs were considered as therapeutics due to their proven nutraceutical value. One such example is the olive, which is a traditional symbol of the MedDiet. Olive bioactive compounds are enriched with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiviral properties. However, there are few studies relating to the beneficial effect of olive bioactive compounds on respiratory diseases. A vague understanding of its molecular action, dosage and bioavailability limits its usefulness for clinical trials about respiratory infections. Hence, our review aims to explore olive bioactive compound’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties in respiratory disease defence and treatment. Molecular insight into olive compounds’ potential for respiratory system protection against inflammation and ensuing infection is also presented. Olive bioactive compounds mainly protect the respiratory system by subsiding proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress.

This study identifies and analyzes the processes and differences in distance learning implementation between city and village schools in Indonesia and Malaysia. Characteristics of students and teachers, distance learning facilities, ability to use technology, and parent's role in the learning process will be analyzed in depth. This research will simultaneously hypothesize the link between these factors and student learning independence. This research is a mixed methods research that combines qualitative research that using observation and interview techniques and quantitative methods that using questionnaire technique. This research was conducted on elementary school students in Indonesia and Malaysia located in rural and urban areas, with a total sample of 240 students ranging from low to high grades. Apart from students, as many as 60 school academics consisting of principals, teachers, and staff were also interviewed to obtain more comprehensive data and data triangulation. Quantitative data were analyzed using a qualitative-quantitative descriptive method where the qualitative statements in the questionnaire were converted into quantitative data, while qualitative data were analyzed using an interactive model mentioned by Miles & Huberman (2014). The study results show that the distance learning implementation between city and village schools experiences a slight difference with the rapid development of information technology. Of the four aspects studied, there are aspects in which village schools are superior to city schools. These four aspects are also investigated for their influence on student learning independence so that further research can be carried out regarding the correlation of these aspects to student learning independence.

A key event in wound healing is re-epithelialisation, which is mainly regulated via paracrine signalling of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors secreted by fibroblasts. Fibroblast-secreted factors can be collected from the used culture medium, known as dermal fibroblast conditioned medium (DFCM). The goal of this study was to optimise the culture condition to acquire DFCM and evaluate its effect on keratinocyte attachment, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Confluent fibroblasts were cultured with serum-free keratinocyte-specific (DFCM-KM) and fibroblast-specific (DFCM-FM) medium at different incubation times (Days 1, 2, and 3). DFCM collected after 3 days of incubation (DFCM-KM-3 and DFCM-FM-3) contained a higher protein concentration compared to other days. Supplementation of DFCM-KM-3 enhanced keratinocyte attachment, while DFCM-FM-3 significantly increased the keratinocyte wound-healing rate, with an increment of keratinocyte area and collective cell migration, which was distinctly different from DFCM-KM-3 or control medium. Further analysis confirmed that the presence of calcium at higher concentrations in DFCM-FM facilitated the changes. The confluent dermal fibroblasts after 3 days of incubation with serum-free culture medium produced higher proteins in DFCM, resulting in enhanced in vitro re-epithelialisation. These results suggest that the delivery of DFCM could be a potential treatment strategy for wound healing.

The current research intends to uncover prospective teacher competencies in designing an instructional design (learning activities) that in line with paradigm. It is a qualitative-descriptive study. The data are collected through a learning design test. The data then are to obtain the depiction of the level of the subjects’ proficiency in designing an instructional design that fit with view. The subjects of the study are students at the department of Primary Teacher Education of Mataram State Islamic University. The findings conclude that each subject can design a learning activity that satisfies the component of learning components. However, the level of the subjects’ pedagogical competencies in designing learning activities are far away from ideal competencies that should be mastered by professional teachers in designing learning activities.

As of the year 2020, Indonesia has the fourth most populous country in the world. With Indonesia’s population expected to continuously grow, the increase in provision of healthcare needs to match its steady population growth. Hospitals are central in providing healthcare to the general masses, especially for patients requiring medical attention for an extended period of time. Length of Stay (LOS), or inpatient treatment, covers various treatments that are offered by hospitals, such as medical examination, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Generally, hospitals determine the LOS by calculating the difference between the number of admissions and the number of discharges. However, this procedure is shown to be unproductive for some hospitals. A cost-effective way to improve the productivity of hospital is to utilize Information Technology (IT). In this paper, we create a system for predicting LOS using Neural Network (NN) using a sample of 3055 subjects, consisting of 30 input attributes and 1 output attribute. The NN default parameter experiment and parameter optimization with grid search as well as random search were carried out. Our results show that parameter optimization using the grid search technique give the highest performance results with an accuracy of 94.7403% on parameters with a value of Epoch 50, hidden unit 52, batch size 4000, Adam optimizer, and linear activation. Our designated system can be utilised by hospitals in improving their effectiveness and efficiency, owing to better prediction of LOS and better visualization of LOS done by web visualization.

English language proficient has currently becoming a necessary requirement in various fields of study and professions. However, most students refuse to speak in English because they are too concerned in making mistakes, lack of motivation, and low self-confidence. In learning English, attitude and motivation are very closely related. A learner with positive attitude towards learning a language has a high tendency of motivation towards it. Therefore, the main objective of the research was to investigate the correlation between the items of attitude and motivation in spoken English among semester 4 students at Politeknik Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin (PSMZA). The methodology used was quantitative method. This study was carried out using a questionnaire consisted of 70 items adapted from Gardner’s Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) and was distributed to 100 semester 4 students from four departments of PSMZA. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Cohen’s standard was used to evaluate the correlation coefficient, where items with 0.50 or larger were highlighted which represented a strong association. Findings had shown these students’ attitude and motivation towards spoken English had strong correlation with some of the items that helped to boost their motivation in spoken English. These findings indicated the importance of different strategies to be implemented by the English language educators to enhance students’ motivation in communicative English subjects.

Merarik is a tradition which has been maintained by Sasak since a long time. In the beginning, this tradition was an effort to save women from immorality of Anak Agung Made Karangasem, the king of Lombok. But the aim of this tradition started to change. This paper tries to analyze the change of merarik in Nyurlembang Village, Narmada, West Lombok. Using qualitative descriptive and feminist approach, this paper found that merarik causes cultural violence for women. In the middle of the merarik problem, proposal becomes a better alternative for women, but proposal not fully received because it is not their own culture.

This study aims to determine the level of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at the Pahandut Palangka Raya Community Health Center. This research method is descriptive. The sample in this study were 94 respondents, namely outpatients who received pharmacy services at the Pahandut Palangka Raya Community Health Center. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique. The results of the study of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services based on the type of service obtained a score of 208 data located in the "very satisfied" area on the type of pharmacy staff responsiveness to patients, in the type of hospitality services pharmacy staff obtained a score of 206 data located "very satisfied", the types of clarity of pharmacy services in providing drug information obtained a score of 212 data located in "very satisfied" areas, in the type of drug service speed the score data 199 were found in "very satisfied" areas, in the types of medical services and medical devices the score data was obtained 200 lies in the "very satisfied" area, in the type of waiting room comfort service the 198 score data is located in the "very satisfied" area, and on the type of service the availability of brochures, leaflets, posters, as well as drug/health information is obtained score data 206 lies in the "very satisfied" area. The results of this study indicate that most patients were very satisfied with the pharmaceutical services provided by the Pahandut Community Health Center in Palangka Raya City.

Abstract Background One of the molecular mechanisms involved in upper airway-related diseases is epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Olea europaea (OE) has anti-inflammatory properties and thus, great potential to prevent EMT. This study aimed to investigate the effect of OE on EMT in primary nasal human respiratory epithelial cells (RECs). Methods Respiratory epithelial cells were isolated and divided into four groups: control (untreated), treated with 0.05% OE (OE group), EMT induced with 5 ng/ml of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ1 group) and treated with 5 ng/ml TGFβ1 + 0.05% OE (TGFβ1 + OE group). The effects of OE treatment on growth kinetics, morphology and protein expression in RECs were evaluated. Immunocytochemistry analysis was performed to quantitate the total percentage of E-cadherin and vimentin expression from day 1 to day 3. Results There were no significant differences between untreated RECs and OE-treated RECs in terms of their morphology, growth kinetics and protein expression. Induction with TGFβ1 caused RECs to have an elongated spindle shape, a slower proliferation rate, a higher expression of vimentin and a lower expression of E-cadherin compared with the control. Cells in the TGFβ1 + OE group had similar epithelial shape to untreated group however it had no significant differences in their proliferation rate when compared to TGFβ1-induced RECs. Cells treated with TGFβ1 + OE showed significantly reduced expression of vimentin and increased expression of E-cadherin compared with the TGFβ1 group (P

Modalities in Political Debate Discourse. This study is aimed at investigating modalities used by the speakers of political debate in two countries; Indonesia and USA. This study is a comparative study which uses descriptive qualitative in analysing and displaying data. Both data were taken from youtube.com on April 2014. Firstly, the result of this study shows that the speakers of political debate in Indonesia and America used three values of modality; high, median and low value of modality. A way of choosing modalities does not only with a correct grammar; but also from the functional point of view. Politicians tended to use high value of modality to show their high commitment toward opinion or argument, and presenter tended to use median and low values of modality in offering the other speakers rather than the high value of modality; although the presenter actually wanted to state a requirement that should be followed. Lastly, the English speakers are more explicit to put their selves as the subject of assessment rather than the Indonesian speakers of political debate.

Internet has become an amazing potential for learning, entertainment and socializing gizmo. It has encouraged teenagers and children to participate and express themselves for extraordinary source of information and self-improvement. Understanding the responsibility that comes with technology is a key to safety. The study is useful because it enabled contrast between the views of children and the parents with regard to online risks and threats. Therefore, a literature review has been simplified and produced a proposed scope of this field which covers the benefits, risks and issues of on internet which combine, replicate and modify 2 surveys done by several researchers who examined the issues of parental self-efficacy in controlling and monitoring technology. Estimated to be organized in December 2018 this research will also consist of a survey and a total of 12 tape-recorded semi-structured interviews with children and parents to discover how often children encounter disturbing or harmful content on the web and what kind of prevention and solutions made by parents.

The rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities in Malaysia are leading to the impairment of most of the rivers in recent years through realising various trace metals. This leads to toxicity, particularly when the toxic has entered the food chain. Perak River is one of the most dynamic rivers for the Malaysian population. Therefore, in consideration of the safety issue, this study was conducted to assess the concentration of such metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Pb) in the muscles of most widely consumed fish species (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii, Puntius bulum, Puntius daruphani, Hexanematichthys sagor, Channa striatus, Mystacoleucus marginatus, and Devario regina) from different locations of Perak River, Malaysia by employing inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Among the trace metals, Fe and Cd were found to be the highest (29.33-148.01 μg/g) and lowest (0.16-0.49 μg/g) concentration in all of the studied species, respectively. Although the estimated daily intakes (μg/kg/day) of Cd (0.65-0.85), Fe (79.27-352.00) and Pb (0.95-12.17) were higher than their reference, the total target hazard quotients values suggested that the local residents would not experience any adverse health effects from its consumption. In contrast, the target cancer risk value suggested that all fish species posed a potential cancer risk due to Cd and cumulative cancer risk values, strongly implying that continuous consumption of studied fish species would cause cancer development to its consumers.

Climate change causes a significant impact on fluctuating agricultural production and food security. This study aimed to assess farmer’s adaptation strategy to the impact of climate change in cassava farming and to analyze the food security level of cassava farming household. This research was conducted in Gunung Agung Village and Gunung Batin Village, Terusan Nunyai Subdistrict, Central Lampung Regency. Total of 66 cassava farmers was selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis applied were the analysis of qualitative descriptive and analysis of food security level according to the definition mentioned by FAO and UU RI. No 7 in 1996, and Ordinal Logit (Ologit) analysis. The result of this study showed that there are 5 average climate change impact adaptation strategies applied by cassava farmer. In the majority, the food security level of cassava farming household was found to fall into the category of less secure. Climate change adaptation strategy, land size, and price of rice were identified to affect the food security of cassava farming household.

Limited studies focused on the teaching and learning process in the COVID-19 pandemic with multicultural conditions of students. Thus, this study aims to determine the various models of online learning in the field of Islamic education lessons (PAI) after the COVID-19 pandemic in Islamic high schools in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in the context of multicultural conditions of students. This research is a case study where the focus of research is to investigate the natural phenomenon that happened during the COVID-19 pandemic especially related to how online learning was implemented in the teaching and learning process after the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collected focuses on gathering information about the actual conditions related to the various models of learning used by teachers in the field of Islamic education lessons. The data sources in this study consist of primary and secondary data sources gained from 26 teachers in 8 Islamic high schools in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results of the study showed that the online learning model for the field of Islamic education lessons implemented after COVID-19 is a blended learning model. It is supported by online learning media such as WhatsApp Group, Google Classroom, Zoom Meeting, YouTube, Google Meet, Madrasah e-learning, and Facebook which can ease the students with multicultural circumstances in acquiring lessons from teachers. Advantages and challenges faced by teachers and students are explored in this research, and novelty and pedagogical implications are offered for future studies.

Islamic education research nowadays still becomes the main concern from majority of Muslim as the development of Islamic education with the high awareness of all its members. However, there is the fact that the Muslim minority is still undergoing educational development on a local scale. Both in the majority and minority, Islam will always animate Islamic struggle constantly on Islamic education within any area it occupy. This study shows that the management of education in Pesantren is always a main concern. Islamic education curriculum developed in Pesantren Nurul Yaqin also pays attention to the students’ needs to face their future. Not only on local scale but it also prepares regional competition and global demands. Penelitian pendidikan Islam akhir-akhir ini masih menjadi perhatian utama dari mayoritas Muslim sebagai pengembangan pendidikan Islam dengan kesadaran yang tinggi dari semua umat. Namun, ada fakta bahwa minoritas Muslim masih memprihatinkan dalam pengembangan pendidikan pada skala lokal. Baik pada mayoritas dan minoritas, Islam selalu menghidupkan perjuangan secara terus-menerus pada pendidikan Islam dalam setiap wilayah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen pendidikan di Pesantren selalu menjadi perhatian utama. Kurikulum pendidikan Islam yang dikembangkan di Pesantren Nurul Yaqin juga memperhatikan kebutuhan siswa untuk menghadapi masa depan mereka. Tidak hanya pada skala lokal tetapi juga mempersiapkan kompetisi lokal dan tuntutan global. Keywords: education, muslim minority, pesantren, islam

The Islamic teachings contain various moral and ethical values which is very important in today's modern era because Islam always concerns with the balance between body and spirit, inward and outward, spiritual and the material, between world and hereafter. Islam can provide moral and ethical values in the development of science. With religion, it is expected that man does not forget himself after successfully developing science, and aware that the science he developed is an ongoing effort within the framework of worship. Therefore, through science, humans will find the ultimate truth that is God. Science is one of the strategic doors to bring people closer to God through intensive and serious effort to consider the universe to the perfection of human life, both physically and spiritually. Through the integration of science and religion developed in PAI (Islamic Education), it is expected to produce the learners who have a scientific attitude, scientific responsibility, capability of utilizing science and become ululalbab.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengimplementasikan model pembelajaran berdasarkan masalah pada pembelajaran biologi terhadap hasil belajar dan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi di SMA. Tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah 1) Menguji signifikansi hasil belajar kognitif produk, 2) Menguji signifikansi keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Rancangan penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Menurut Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Banjarbaru yang duduk di kelas X tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 dengan peminatan sains-matematika. Sampel penelitian ditetapkan dua kelas dari masing-masing sekolah, yaitu satu kelas SMA Negeri 1 Banjarbaru kelas perlakuan dan satu kelas SMA Negeri 2 Banjarbaru kelas kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara bertujuan (purpossive). Variabel bebas berkaitan dengan rumusan tujuan nomor satu dan dua adalah pembelajaran menggunakan model PBM. Variabel terikat adalah hasil belajar dan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Variabel control dalam penelitian ini adalah kurikulum yang digunakan, latar belakang pendidikan guru, jumlah jam pelajaran, dan soal-soal tes. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) Hasil belajar siswa diperoleh melalui pre test dan post test. 2) Keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi diperoleh melalui pre test dan post tes. Instrumen penelitian sebelum digunakan disesuaikan dengan ketentuan yang berlaku pada kurikulum 2013. Hasil belajar kognitif produk dan kognitif proses diperoleh melalui pretest dan posttest dianalisis menggunakan.analisis kovarian (ANACOVA) yang dioperasikan menggunakan program SPSS versi 17 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan menggunakan model Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Masalah berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa, ini dapat dilihat dari rata hasil belajar kelas kontrol 73,475 dan pada kelas perlakuan sebesar 82,917 dan dilihat dari nilai F hitung = 4,157 sedangkan F tabel = 0,05 artinya F hitung > F tabel. Sedangkan pada keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa, ini dapat dilihat dari rata-rata nilai keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi kelas kontrol 65 dan kelas perlakuan 78,208 dan dilihat dari nilai F hitung = 4,739 sedangkan F tabel = 0,05 artinya F hitung > F tabel.

Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are emerging as a promising source for bone regeneration in the treatment of bone defects. Previous studies have reported the ability of WJ-MSCs to be induced into the osteogenic lineage. The purpose of this review was to systematically assess the potential of WJ-MSC differentiation into the osteogenic lineage. A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline via Ebscohost and Scopus, where relevant studies published between 1961 and 2018 were selected. The main inclusion criteria were that articles must be primary studies published in English evaluating osteogenic induction of WJ-MSCs. The literature search identified 92 related articles, but only 18 articles met the inclusion criteria. These include two animal studies, three articles containing both in vitro and in vivo assessments, and 13 articles on in vitro studies, all of which are discussed in this review. There were two types of osteogenic induction used in these studies, either chemical or physical. The studies demonstrate that WJ-MSCs are able to differentiate into osteogenic lineage and promote osteogenesis. In light of these observations, it is suggested that WJ-MSCs can be a potential source of stem cells for osteogenic induction, as an alternative to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Deming’s Philosophy is a famous thought among Quality Management scholars and practitioner. The theory consists of 14 principles providing guidelines for appropriate firms’ quality behavior and practices. Deming proposes that an organization shall experience high-quality service by lowering non-value added activities, such as scrap, rework, and conflicts, while increasing customers’ loyalty. There is an overwhelming allegation on the apparent effect of Deming’s theory on quality management theory and practices worldwide, mostly in larger organizations of developed countries. Few studies have discussed the relevance of Deming theories in small business management practices in developing countries. Moreover, there is a stigma among small business practitioners that all western originated management theories are less applicable in their context. At the same time, the currently available literature on Deming management methods is mostly a description of the 14 points. This study aims at elaborating the small businesses owners’/ managers’ understanding of Deming’s fourteen points. The rising numbers of Small Medium Enterprises in Indonesia is a positive sign of local economic development in the Industrial revolution 4.0. To remain competitive, SMEs are forced to be a quality focus and consistently innovate. The sample of the study was 335 SMEs’ owners/ managers in Banyumas Central Java, Indonesia. Authors used descriptive statistics to analyze the data — results based on descriptive analysis. The result of the study confirmed the practics of Deming’s theory among SMEs in Indonesia. Majority of respondents had a good understanding of the theory and felt the benefits of the theory while adopting it.