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Scientists from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science have studied the compound girolline extracted from the sea sponge Pseudaxinyssa cantharella, known for its potential antitumor and anti-malarial effects. Through their research, they discovered that girolline modulates the activity of eIF5A, a translation elongation factor, by preventing it from binding to ribosomes, leading to ribosome stalling and premature protein degradation. This finding has implications for malaria treatment and could provide insights into aging, neurodegeneration, and cancer. The compound may serve as a valuable tool for further research in these areas. [Extracted from the article]

The patent application by Riken inventors focuses on a composition for the decomposition of trypsin or TMPRSS2 in the large intestine. The invention aims to regulate the activity of proteases by utilizing bacteria with specific proteins or genes that have trypsin-binding abilities. The application highlights the potential use of this composition for treating diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and infectious diseases associated with trypsin or TMPRSS2. The technique described in the patent application offers a novel approach to addressing gastrointestinal health issues through microbiota regulation. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application by Riken inventors aims to produce retinal tissues suitable for transplantation by efficiently forming synapses between patient-derived bipolar cells and transplanted photoreceptors. The method involves culturing retinal tissues with a thyroid hormone agonist to suppress unnecessary cell differentiation, increasing the ratio of photoreceptor precursors. This innovative approach addresses the need for a retinal tissue production method that optimizes synapse formation for regenerative medicine applications. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application by inventor Yoichiro Yamamoto, assigned to Riken, describes a feature extraction device and method for analyzing images related to a target, particularly in the context of medical diagnosis such as prostate cancer. The technology utilizes neural networks to process images and extract features to aid in distinguishing cancerous regions from healthy ones. The invention aims to streamline the diagnostic process and reduce the need for invasive tests like biopsies, potentially improving patient outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research have developed a technology that can change the identity of proteins within the body. This innovation allows for targeted drug delivery to tumors and subsequent excretion from the body, potentially reducing harm to untargeted tissue. The researchers used a chemical click-to-release method to alter the identification markers on the surface of albumin, the most abundant protein in the blood. This technology has the potential to revolutionize treatment for various conditions and could be used for drug delivery or simultaneous treatment of multiple diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a method of producing retinal tissues. The patent, assigned to Riken, was filed by inventors from Japan and published online in September 2024. The method aims to create retinal tissues suitable for transplantation by efficiently forming synapses between bipolar cells and photoreceptors. The method involves differentiating pluripotent stem cells into retinal tissues and culturing them in specific mediums containing thyroid gland hormone signal transduction pathway agonists. The patent also discusses the suppression of differentiation of certain retinal cells and the characteristics of matured neural retinal tissues. [Extracted from the article]

Scientists from the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research have discovered key changes in chromosome structure and gene expression that affect stem cell function during aging. Using fruit flies, they found that these changes led to stem cell exhaustion, which prevents stem cells from multiplying. This research provides evidence of an independent exhaustion signal and enhances our understanding of how the delicate balance between stem cell exhaustion and proliferation is disrupted in normal aging. The findings could offer valuable insights into the aging process and how it impacts stem cells in humans. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application by inventors Michiko Mandai and Suguru Yamasaki, assigned to Riken, has been made available online. The inventors aim to provide a method for producing retinal tissue with improved quality and a reduced proportion of non-target cells. They have discovered that combining a CHK1 signaling pathway inhibitor with a BMP signaling pathway agonist can achieve these results. The method involves suspension-culturing pluripotent stem cells and then culturing the cell aggregate in the presence of the two compounds. The inventors have also developed a sphere-like cell aggregate with a multilayer structure, which can be used for transplantation and treating diseases caused by retinal damage or injury. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for a therapeutic drug that could treat diseases accompanied by disorders in retinal cells or retinal tissue. The drug includes retinal tissue of an allogeneic origin, meaning it comes from a different individual, and has a three-dimensional structure. The drug aims to prevent graft rejection without the need for systemic administration of immunosuppressive agents, which can have serious side effects. The invention is based on the finding that retinal tissues forming cell aggregates and having a three-dimensional structure do not induce immune responses in recipients whose major histocompatibility complex (MHC) type does not match that of the donor. The therapeutic drug could potentially improve the quality of life for patients affected by retinal diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Riken for a training apparatus that uses fluorescence imaging as a method for surgery training with catheters. The training apparatus includes a light source, a filter, a camera, a monitor, and a computer for image processing. The invention aims to enhance the training effect without exposing physicians to x-ray radiation. The patent also includes claims for a catheter with a fluorescent agent and a hydrophilic coating, as well as an image processing method. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences have identified age-related changes in lipid metabolism in mice, including the accumulation of certain lipids produced by gut bacteria as the mice age. They also found sex differences in the kidneys, with higher levels of a specific lipid metabolite in older male mice compared to older females. This study, published in Nature Aging, could contribute to a better understanding of chronic age-related conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, kidney disease, and cancer. The researchers hope to extend their study to the human lipidome and microbiome in the future. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Riken have developed a method for producing hypoimmunogenic retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells that have a reduced risk of immune rejection during transplantation. The method involves obtaining pluripotent stem cells that do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II proteins and inducing RPE cells from these stem cells. The researchers found that these RPE cells preserve class I MHC proteins, allowing for the presentation of antigens and avoiding attacks from natural killer cells. This research has potential applications in the treatment of retinal insufficiency. Additionally, Riken has filed a patent application for a biotechnology invention related to cancer treatment. The invention focuses on the use of gene editing and genome editing techniques to target specific antigens in cancer cells. Pluripotent stem cells are utilized to produce biological factors that can be used in the treatment of cancer, hematology, and immunology. The application also mentions the potential use of these techniques in the treatment of other diseases, such as retinal pigment epithelial cells and blood coagulation factors. [Extracted from the article]

A research group from the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences in Japan has used whole-genome sequencing to study the ancestry of the Japanese population. The analysis supports the idea that the Japanese population originated from a mixture of three ancestral groups, challenging the previous belief in a dual-structure model. The study also found evidence of Neanderthal and Denisovan influences in the Japanese population. The research has implications for understanding genetic variants associated with diseases like breast cancer and type 2 diabetes, and may also be useful for personalized medicine. [Extracted from the article]

A research team at the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research in Japan has developed a model of the blood-brain barrier using modularized tissue derived from human cells. The model, called "Tissue-in-a-CUBE," could be used as an alternative to animal models in pre-clinical studies and could boost drug discovery efforts. The blood-brain barrier is a protective barrier around the brain that prevents foreign substances from entering, but it also poses challenges for drug development. The researchers successfully constructed a blood-brain barrier model using a CUBE-type system and tested its structure and function. This innovative approach offers a promising alternative to animal testing for drug development and could be adapted for various diseases in the future. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application by Riken inventors has been made available online, discussing the use of antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) treatment for myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). The application explores modifications of nucleotides used in ASOs and discusses the design of ASOs with different properties. It also mentions the use of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for drug discovery and development. The patent application describes a pharmaceutical composition for treating DM1 disease, containing an oligonucleotide with a repeated sequence of cytosine-adenine-guanine trinucleotides. The composition can be delivered through various routes of administration and used to treat the symptoms of DM1 disease. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Riken have submitted a patent application for a new therapy using CAR-T cells expressing the CXCL12 receptor. CAR-T cell therapy is a promising treatment for certain types of leukemia and lymphoma, but there are challenges in developing it for AML. The researchers modified T cells to express CXCR4, a receptor that directs the cells to the bone marrow, and in preclinical experiments, the modified CAR-T cells effectively eradicated AML cells and prevented relapse. This invention has potential applications in the treatment and prevention of various neoplastic diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a magnetic resonance measurement apparatus developed by Riken. The apparatus utilizes LC circuits to efficiently transmit and receive signals for magnetic resonance measurements. However, the efficiency of LC circuits is hindered by a phenomenon called "ringing," which affects the accuracy of measurements. The patent describes a solution to remove the ringing component from the measurement and improve the precision of solid-state NMR apparatuses. The apparatus includes a first LC circuit with a parallel connection assembly that can switch between two resonance frequencies to mitigate the effects of ringing. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Riken for a method of producing hypophysis precursor tissue using pluripotent stem cells. The method involves forming aggregates of stem cells in a serum-free medium and subjecting them to floating-culture. This process allows for the simultaneous differentiation of both central nervous tissue and non-neural head ectodermal tissue, specifically rostral hypothalamus tissue and rostral non-neural head ectodermal tissue. The patent claims include the aggregate itself, as well as its potential use in cell culture products, treatment methods, and pharmaceutical production. This research has implications for regenerative medicine and the study of pituitary gland development. [Extracted from the article]

Riken has been issued a patent for a modified immunocyte that can enhance innate immunity and improve cell proliferation. The inventors have found that by expressing an invariant T-cell receptor of a natural killer T cell on a specific T cell, they can create a modified immunocyte that has an improved ability to activate innate immunity and produce Th1 cytokines. The patent includes methods for producing and activating these modified immunocytes, as well as their potential use as an immunity inducer. This research has the potential to contribute to the development of new immunotherapies. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for compositions and methods that induce the proliferation and accumulation of Th17 cells, which are important for the immune response in the gastrointestinal tract. The inventors have identified certain bacterial species that have the ability to stimulate Th17 cells and have developed methods to isolate and culture these bacteria. The compositions described in the patent can be used as pharmaceuticals or food ingredients to enhance immune responses. The patent provides specific bacterial strains and combinations that induce Th17 cell proliferation and accumulation. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application by Riken describes a three-dimensional shaped object, specifically an artificial bone, that is formed using a ceramic material. The object includes a dense portion and a porous portion, both formed by a reaction product of the ceramic material with a chelating agent. The invention aims to achieve both high and low dense degrees in order to balance strength and the ability to fuse with natural bone. The method for manufacturing the object involves layer forming and curing liquid applying steps, and a control program is provided for a three-dimensional shaping apparatus. [Extracted from the article]

Specifically, a lysine derivative such as a Z-lysine derivative, TCO-Lys, and BCN-Lys is introduced into an antibody or antibody fragment thereof in the present invention. ADCs are capable of specifically delivering a drug, one of functional molecules, included in an antibody derivative into a target cell by utilizing endocytosis of a target antigen due to antibody binding. "That is, the present invention relates to a monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment thereof including at least one lysine derivative capable of being chemically modified in a constant region of the antibody, specifically, a monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment thereof including at least one Z-lysine derivative, TCO-Lys, or BCN-Lys capable of being chemically modified in a constant region of the antibody; a modified antibody or antibody fragment thereof, wherein the lysine derivative is modified; a nucleic acid including a nucleotide sequence encoding the antibody or antibody fragment thereof; a vector including the nucleic acid; a transformed cell obtained by introducing the vector into a host cell; a method for producing the antibody or antibody fragment thereof; and a composition containing the antibody or antibody fragment thereof.". [Extracted from the article]

"As described above, mature dendritic cells are used exclusively as antigen presenting cells to NKT cells, and monocytes and immature dendritic cells were considered to be incapable of appropriately presenting antigens to NKT cells and efficiently activating the NKT cells. This indicates that a step of differentiating CD14 positive cells into dendritic cells is not necessary and that NKT cell ligand-pulsed cells are obtained directly from the isolated CD14 positive cells or CD14 positive cell lines. The acquired NKT cell ligand-pulsed cell (NKT cell ligand-pulsed CD14 positive cell or NKT cell ligand-pulsed CD14 positive cell line) strongly induced proliferation of NKT cells, IFN-g production and cytotoxic activity by NKT cells. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Bacteria; Bariatrics; Diet and Nutrition; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Genetics; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Obesity; Obesity and Diabetes; Overnutrition; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin; RIKEN EN Bacteria Bariatrics Diet and Nutrition Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Genetics Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Nutrition Disorders Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Obesity Obesity and Diabetes Overnutrition Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin RIKEN 483 483 1 09/11/23 20230911 NES 230911 2023 SEP 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Researchers led by Hiroshi Ohno at the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS) in Japan have discovered a type of gut bacteria that might help improve insulin resistance, and thus protect against the development of obesity and type-2 diabetes. When someone develops insulin resistance, it means that insulin is prevented from doing its job, and as a result, more sugar stays in their blood and their pancreas continues to make more insulin. [Extracted from the article]

"According to the invention described in claim 10, in the infection prevention device 10 described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the light source 11 is composed of a coherent light source, an ultraviolet ray laser or laser, and a wavelength converting device. The infection prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the light source is composed of a coherent light source, an ultraviolet ray laser or laser, and a wavelength converting device. "Patent documents 8 and 9 propose an ultraviolet light sterilizing device having a sterilization light beam film generating section for generating a film-like sterilization light beam film.". [Extracted from the article]

The blood abnormality prediction device according to claim 3, wherein the lipid abnormality in the blood is one or more selected from the group consisting of a low HDL cholesterol level, a high LDL cholesterol level, and a high neutral fat level. The blood abnormality prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction unit is configured to measure the arterial limb width and the venous limb width of the crown portion of the capillary on the basis of the information of the image to compare a measured value obtained from a result of the measurement with a predetermined threshold value to thereby predict the presence of the lipid abnormality in the blood when the measured value exceeds the threshold value, the measured value being a measured value of either the venous limb width or the arterial limb width, whichever is greater. The blood abnormality prediction device according to claim 6, wherein the lipid abnormality in the blood is a high LDL cholesterol level. [Extracted from the article]

But other fungal infections are more serious, and the Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus types of fungus are responsible for millions of deaths every year. Keywords: Enzymes and Coenzymes; RIKEN; Synthase EN Enzymes and Coenzymes RIKEN Synthase 1519 1519 1 08/14/23 20230818 NES 230818 2023 AUG 18 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Research Science (CSRS) and the University of Toronto have discovered a new way to attack fungal infections. Keywords for this news article include: RIKEN, Synthase, Enzymes and Coenzymes. [Extracted from the article]

The medical system according to claim 10, wherein the fundus blood flow data includes either one of or both blood flow velocity data and blood flow rate data for the eye fundus artery of the patient, and the data processor is configured to detect the conditional change in the circulatory system based on either one of or both the blood flow velocity data and the blood flow rate data. "In a medical system according to some aspect examples, the fundus blood flow data may include either one of or both blood flow velocity data and blood flow rate data for the eye fundus artery of the patient, and the data processor may be configured to detect the conditional change in the circulatory system based on either one of or both the blood flow velocity data and the blood flow rate data. "In a medical information processing apparatus of some aspect examples, the fundus blood flow data may include either one of or both blood flow velocity data and blood flow rate data for the eye fundus artery of the patient, and the data processor may be configured to detect the conditional change in the circulatory system based on either one of or both the blood flow velocity data and the blood flow rate data. [Extracted from the article]

"However, in the cell mixture used in Non Patent Literature 2, cells are not adhered to each other, and the retinal progenitor cells adhered to the RPE cell sheet in Patent Literature 1 are not closely adhered to each other, thus they are not in a state capable of functioning as a retinal tissue. Keywords: Cellular Structures; Epithelial Cells; Extracellular Matrix; Extracellular Space; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Riken; Stem Cell Research EN Cellular Structures Epithelial Cells Extracellular Matrix Extracellular Space Pluripotent Stem Cells Riken Stem Cell Research 188 188 1 07/17/23 20230720 NES 230720 2023 JUL 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Stem Cell Week -- Riken has been issued patent number 11684698, according to news reporting originating out of Alexandria, Virginia, by NewsRx editors. The sphere-like cell aggregate according to claim 1, wherein a hydrogel is further present between the photoreceptor cell layer in (1) and the retinal pigment epithelium covering at least a part of the photoreceptor cell layer. [Extracted from the article]

Therefore, the goal of most research these days is to find a way to specifically target cancer cells so that treatments only affect tumors. Keywords: Alpha Particle; Astatine; Biotechnology; Cancer; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials and Studies; Halogens; Health and Medicine; Oncology; Physics; RIKEN; Radioactive Elements EN Alpha Particle Astatine Biotechnology Cancer Clinical Research Clinical Trials and Studies Halogens Health and Medicine Oncology Physics RIKEN Radioactive Elements 1 1 1 07/10/23 20230710 NES 230710 2023 JUL 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cancer Gene Therapy Week -- Researchers led by Katsunori Tanaka at the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR) in Japan and Hiromitsu Haba at the RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science (RNC) have developed a new technique that has the potential to generically treat several kinds of cancer, with fewer negative side effects than currently available methods. In theory, when astatine-211 is anchored to the inside a cancer cell, the emitted alpha particles should damage the cancer cell, but not much beyond. [Extracted from the article]

"Fujii et al. have prepared an artificial adjuvant vector cell (aAVC) by modifying human-derived cells to exogenously express CD1d and a cancer antigen, and further pulsing the cells with a-galactosylceramide (a-GalCer) (Patent Literatures 1 to 3). Thus, aAVC has been shown to be capable of strongly inducing two immune mechanisms, i.e., innate immunity activation shown by NK cell activation mediated by NKT cell activation and induction of adaptive immunity shown by induction of cancer antigen-specific T cells." The dendritic cells taking up the aAVC fragments present a fragment of the cancer antigen with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the cell surface, and induce cancer antigen-specific T cells. [Extracted from the article]

Aneurysm, Brain Aneurysm, Brain Diseases and Conditions, Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions, Central Nervous System Diseases and Conditions, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Genetics, Health and Medicine, Intracranial Aneurysm, Intracranial Arterial Diseases and Conditions, RIKEN, Risk and Prevention, Vascular Diseases and Conditions Keywords: Aneurysm; Brain Aneurysm; Brain Diseases and Conditions; Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions; Central Nervous System Diseases and Conditions; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Genetics; Health and Medicine; Intracranial Aneurysm; Intracranial Arterial Diseases and Conditions; RIKEN; Risk and Prevention; Vascular Diseases and Conditions EN Aneurysm Brain Aneurysm Brain Diseases and Conditions Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions Central Nervous System Diseases and Conditions Cerebrovascular Disorders Genetics Health and Medicine Intracranial Aneurysm Intracranial Arterial Diseases and Conditions RIKEN Risk and Prevention Vascular Diseases and Conditions 844 844 1 06/26/23 20230626 NES 230626 2023 JUN 26 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cardiovascular Week -- Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science (CBS) in Japan have discovered a set of related mutations that lead to intracranial aneurysms-weakened blood vessels in the brain that can burst at any time. "Establishing the first non-surgical animal model of intracranial aneurysm is in itself an achievement", says Nakatomi, "but more importantly, we suppressed artery expansion with a drug, indicating that intracranial aneurysms can be pharmacologically treated.". [Extracted from the article]

A medical system comprising: an ophthalmic data acquiring unit that includes at least one ophthalmic examination apparatus for acquiring ophthalmic data from a patient; an internal medicine data acquiring unit that includes at least one internal medicine examination apparatus for acquiring internal medicine data from the patient; an inference processor configured to perform inference processing using a trained model constructed by machine learning using training data that includes ophthalmic data, internal medicine data, and diagnostic result data; and an output unit configured to output a result of the inference processing performed by the inference processor, wherein the inference processor is configured to generate inferred diagnostic data by performing the inference processing based at least on the ophthalmic data of the patient acquired by the ophthalmic data acquiring unit and the internal medicine data of the patient acquired by the internal medicine data acquiring unit. A medical method comprising: acquiring ophthalmic data from a patient using at least one ophthalmic examination apparatus; acquiring internal medicine data from the patient using at least one internal medicine examination apparatus; performing inference processing, using a trained model constructed by machine learning using training data that includes ophthalmic data, internal medicine data, and diagnostic result data, based at least on the ophthalmic data of the patient acquired by the at least one ophthalmic examination apparatus and the internal medicine data of the patient acquired by the at least one internal medicine examination apparatus, thereby generating inferred diagnostic data; and outputting the inferred diagnostic data.". [Extracted from the article]

By regenerating a plant from the cell or protoplast manipulated as described above, a genome-edited plant in which the gene of the genome editing enzyme is not incorporated in the genome has been successfully obtained. "However, there is no report regarding utilizing these genes in order to select a genome-edited plant in which a mutation is introduced into a specific gene on a genome without an exogenous gene being incorporated on the genome. "For this reason, there is a demand for a novel method for obtaining a genome-edited plant in which a mutation is introduced into a specific gene on the genome without an exogenous gene being incorporated into the genome. [Extracted from the article]

"(5) An induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell) inducer comprising any of the mutant KLF protein or the peptide fragment thereof according to (1) or (2), the nucleic acid according to (3), or the gene expression vector according to (4). "(11) A method for producing an iPS cell, comprising "an introduction step of introducing an iPS cell inducer comprising the following [1] to [4], into a somatic cell: " "[1] any of the mutant KLF4 protein or the peptide fragment thereof according to (1) or (2), the nucleic acid according to (3), or the gene expression vector according to (4), "[2] any of an OCT3/4 protein, a nucleic acid encoding the protein, or a gene expression vector comprising the nucleic acid in an expressible state, "[3] any of a SOX1 protein, a SOX2 protein, a SOX3 protein, a SOX15 protein or a SOX17 protein, a nucleic acid encoding any of the proteins, or a gene expression vector comprising the nucleic acid in an expressible state, and "[4] any of a C-MYC protein, an N-MYC protein, an L-MYC protein, or a T58A mutant protein of the C-MYC protein, a nucleic acid encoding any of the proteins, or a gene expression vector comprising the nucleic acid in an expressible state; and " "a cultivation step of cultivating the somatic cell after the introduction step. [Extracted from the article]