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This paper investigates the intricate relationship between universities as socio-academic institutions, society at large, and technology. Through a general analysis, we aim to comprehend how a multidisciplinary university mediates and catalyzes the interaction between technology and society. Our examination encompasses both theoretical foundations and practical considerations, examining the ways interdisciplinary approaches facilitate this relationship within the context of technocapitalism. Additionally, we present potential guidelines to enhance the interconnectedness of technology, universities, and society. Based on our findings, we suggest that universities can play a crucial role in bridging the societal-technological divide, but only if they undergo restructuring that fosters the strong version of cross-disciplinary knowledge and robust multidisciplinary thinking in professional training and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching and research are essential functions of modern research universities, yet many studies have found that teaching often takes time away from research, which may have a negative impact on research performance. This article extends the concept of teaching by including research-oriented teaching in addition to traditional curriculum-based teaching. Using a sample of 917 science and engineering faculty members from 21 Chinese research universities, this study analyses the impact of the two modes of teaching on faculty members' research performance. The results show that faculty members in research universities devote more time to research-oriented teaching than to curriculum-based teaching. Time spent on curriculum-based teaching has a significant negative relationship with research output, while time on research-oriented teaching promotes faculty members' research productivity and research excellence. The study also found heterogeneity in the effect of teaching time on research performance across different groups. The negative impact of curriculum-based teaching on research was only observed in the group of assistant professors. The positive effect of research-oriented teaching on research is significant among associate professors and male faculty members. Based on the findings, we put forward policy implications for faculty teaching management and research evaluation systems to facilitate the integration of teaching and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deploying systems-theoretical conceptuality, this paper improves understanding of the organisational consequences of the intensified societal engagement of a research university. Aligning its work with Luhmannian organisational analysis, it addresses the dynamic interplay between two modes of administrative decision-making communication, namely, the traditional professional administration and the New-Public-Management-oriented (NPM) managerial techniques. Our research observes how the politico-economic conditions of the society translate into the university's decisions concerning an initiative to engage in start-up entrepreneurship. The article contributes to higher education literature by showing that the university's professional administration is a discrete organisational function internally differentiated into specialised administrative branches, each of which operates according to a sense-making regime associated with its primary societal system reference, such as education, science and the economy. The article also demonstrates the structurally conditioned differences in branch-specific temporalisations of the entrepreneurial initiative during decision-making. Inspired by the Luhmannian view on temporality, we demonstrate how administrative decisions synchronise the varied structural time horizons within the university's professional administration. Focus on temporality in decision-making thus allows us to see how the NPM-inspired managerial techniques are operationalised in administrative communication at universities. Consequently, the paper argues that university administration is a complex dynamic entity, which varyingly aligns itself to national policy scripts, and only selectively enacts features of a global trend known as NPM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on interviews with nine PhD students and twelve PhD graduates from a research university in Taiwan, this paper explores students' motivational profiles for pursuing a PhD at a time when that degree is increasingly decoupled from academic employment. Using self‐determination theory as a conceptual lens, the paper identifies common enrolment motivations in the PhD crisis era. Amidst the doctoral enrolment crisis in Taiwan, where the traditional employment path for PhD graduates (i.e., academia) is more of a mirage than a reality, the motivations of students to pursue a PhD do not differ much from those found in the literature concerning the era of PhD expansion. Two typical motivational profiles are predominant, one dominated by the accumulation of career advantages and the other by the search for personal growth. The findings show that the first profile tends to be on the minds of most students. The second profile tends to be adopted by those who have few career concerns or those who have a greater need for self‐improvement. We also find that these motivations have unique nuances, meanings and consequences for universities and doctoral education in the PhD crisis era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we explore the identity development of PhD graduates transitioning into non‐researcher roles. Through the conceptual lens of identity‐trajectory theory and based on interviews with 26 PhD graduates from three leading research universities in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, we analyse their identity‐trajectory development after their transition to non‐research employment. The findings show that PhD graduates develop their identity trajectories based on their existing sense of researcher‐self through a variety of practices that involve intellectual, networking and institutional dimensions. Individual agency plays a key role in overcoming structural constraints in the workplace, yet its level varies according to one's willingness to pursue a non‐research career. The findings highlight the fluidity in identity development and the role of the researcher‐self as a positive legacy of doctoral training, including for PhD graduates taking non‐researcher roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As libraries succeed in making journal literature seamlessly available through internet searches, faculty may be less aware of the library's role in their intellectual output. This research project explores how publication patterns of faculty at a public research university changed over time in relation to collection size, literature use, productivity, co-authorship, grant funding, and faculty demographics. Correlations among data points demonstrate how the availability and use of the literature is associated with faculty productivity. Use of the literature varies by discipline, co-authorship, and grant funding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article addresses the trajectory of religious studies within academia, advocating for its recognition as a scientific discipline in modern research universities. It reflects on his extensive academic career and the historical context of religious studies, particularly contrasting European efforts to establish Religionswissenschaft with American theological concerns.

This article offers a view on the emerging practice of managing external relations of the modern university, and the role of science communication in this. With a representative sample of research universities in four countries, we seek to broaden our understanding of the science communication (SC) function and its niche within the modern university. We distinguish science communication from corporate communication functions and examine how they distribute across organisational levels. We find that communication functions can be represented along a spectrum of (de)centralisation: public relations and marketing activities are more likely carried out at the central level (central offices), and public affairs and SC activities are more likely carried out at decentral levels (e.g. in specific offices and/or research institutes, departments). This study shows that little attention is paid to science communication at central structures, suggesting that it is not a practice that aligns easily with university corporate communication, yet SC might find its niche increasingly in decentral locations of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the twenty-first century, universities in many countries, including China, have introduced tenure-track employment to attract outstanding faculty. Through a survey of 1099 faculty members from 21 high-level research universities in China, this study used a quasi-experimental method to examine the effect of the tenure track on faculty members' academic performance. The results suggest that the implementation of the tenure track led to an increase in the number of academic publications, but a decrease in the number of high-quality academic articles. The study further analyzed the underlying mechanisms by which the tenure track affected faculty members' academic performance, and found that introducing the tenure track increased cross-institutional collaboration, thereby promoting academic productivity. However, it resulted in a reduction in research collaboration within the institution, which hindered academic publication in high-impact journals. In terms of disciplinary heterogeneity, this study shows that the negative effect of the tenure track on publication quality was more significant in science than in engineering. Based on the research results above, this paper proposed several suggestions for improving the tenure system to ensure research excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation explores how the academic development influence the emotions and psychological states of university professors, particularly during two ceremonies of passage (graduate school and the tenure process). Thirty-two narrative interviews were conducted with tenure-track and tenured faculty members from the Social Sciences, Humanities, and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) fields. The research site was a research university in the western United States. Findings suggest symbolic aspects internalized during graduate school enhanced the normalization of social isolation, impostor syndrome, and negative emotions as common characteristics of the academic profession across disciplines. Recommendations for academic developers are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the procedures, criteria, and decision-making in doctoral admissions at China's leading research universities. A content analysis was performed on doctoral admissions texts (N = 312) from 264 faculties of C9 League universities, representing China's elite research-intensive universities. The results show that the admissions procedures tend to highlight previous research and academic merit, which is to be expected for entry to doctoral studies but nonetheless seems to presuppose that all PhD students will follow an academic career path. Several standard practices were found to ensure the rigour and fairness of admissions procedures, such as the adoption of a centralised rather than a decentralised model, the setting of written examinations as a default assessment method, and the highlighting of tangible past achievements, especially pre-doctoral research outputs. There is a lack of supervisor engagement in admissions decision-making, which hinders them from evaluating applicants' potential and degree of fit with their interests. The findings provide evidence of the multiple logics and discourses involved in doctoral admissions in China and offer practical implications for improving the admissions system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ivory tower in the guise of the modern research university has been critically important in the West's desire for rational, objective, and culture-transcending knowledge. In shielding the natural sciences from ideological influence and political interference, scientific claims are the best examples we have of intellectually justified belief claims about the nature of our world and our existence in it. Scientists, however, are not the only people making epistemic claims; that is, knowledge claims about the world and other matters such as the meaning of life. And early in his life the author was one of those other people, having inherited, so to speak, a set of extra-scientific beliefs about the world from another institution, the Church. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking professional emphasis of disciplines as the benchmark, this paper takes diversified integration of disciplines as the train of thought and direction of teaching reform in higher education, and selects the specific color teaching in colleges and universities as its research object. Based on the analysis of the status and problems of color courses and the exploratory practice on the reform of color teaching in higher education, this paper, promoting the formation of an effective and complete system of education as the goal, puts forward ideas and methods on the teaching reform of color courses in colleges and universities, and makes an in-depth study and discussion on teaching from the guiding ideology, teaching contents and teaching methods. It is expected to provide valuable references for solving the problem of teaching's incompatible with professional needs in colleges and universities and forming an effective and complete system of professional fundamental education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of our research is to understand how postdoctoral researchers (postdocs) at Dutch research universities experience their working conditions, their further career prospects and opportunities, in relation to their mental health and wellbeing. The postdoc population is substantial and growing. Given that their lack of career prospects and invisibility do not coincide with their highly educated status and contribution to research, we diagnosed a dual controversy. Our recent multi-method research based on a survey amongst 676 postdocs revealed that this dual controversy results in high stress levels amongst the postdocs working at nine Dutch universities; evidence suggests that about 40% of the respondents reported serious problems concerning their mental health. Main stress factors involve lack of academic career prospects; publication and grant pressure; work–life imbalance; and the absence of institutional support. Also, several compensating factors were found, which resulted in an ambivalent or balanced situation. Encouragement from supervisors and colleagues can generally result in a better mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides a list of contributors to the journal "Language Teaching Research." The contributors come from various countries and institutions and have diverse research interests in areas such as English language teaching, sign language pedagogy, task-based language teaching, language assessment, and second language acquisition. The document includes brief biographical information about each contributor and their areas of expertise. [Extracted from the article]

This study examines the relationship between cost efficiency and privatization at 163 public research institutions in the United States between 2005 and 2015. We employ a spatial autoregressive (SAR) random-effects model and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to estimate the relationship between costs and four privatization variables: auxiliary enterprises as a percentage of total revenue, tuition and fees as a percentage of total revenue, private grants/contracts as a percentage of total revenue, and out-of-state first year enrollment. Results showed cost inefficiency at public research universities increased between 2005 and 2015, even as reliance on private sources of revenue increased. Public research universities exhibit 28.5% overall cost inefficiency over the time period studied, 85.6% of which is short-run cost inefficiency. This suggests that most of the cost inefficiency varies across years and may be the result of challenges that institutional leaders face adapting to short-term fluctuations in market-oriented sources of revenue. The results also show a nonlinear relationship between cost inefficiency and three of the privatization variables. Given the expectation of little to no increase in state support for public research universities, this study has implications for policy, institutional management, and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores language beliefs and writing practices of an international scholar in Biochemistry working at a large U.S. research university. Although the participant articulated monolingual ideologies and a desire to become like a 'native speaker,' he did not consider advanced writing skills in English a prerequisite for publishing in English in his field. Through 'talk-around-text' (Lillis 2008) and visits to his laboratory, we examine what resources the participant deemed valuable in the process of producing a scientific article. Adopting a spatial orientation to writing (Canagarajah 2018a), we pay particular attention to the spatial repertoires that shaped his recent first-author publication. We bring out the tensions between his language ideologies and actual communicative practices and discuss the theoretical and pedagogical implications of our research. Ultimately, we argue that a spatial orientation to communication expands the notion of bilingualism by urging us to consider people's actual creative practices of meaning-making in particular spaces rather than focus on isolated cognitive abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scientific research work of colleges and universities has attracted more and more social attention because of its large number of multidisciplinary scientific and technological talents, hardware facilities and good scientific research environment, and the quality of scientific and technological management work of colleges and universities directly affects the level of scientific and technological work of colleges and universities. Starting from the common problems of scientific research management in colleges and universities, this paper explores the ideas and methods to further promote scientific research work by improving the quality of scientific research management. The quality evaluation of scientific research management in application-oriented universities is classical multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM). Based on this, we extend the traditional CODAS method to the Pythagorean 2-tuple linguistic sets (P2TLSs) and propose the Pythagorean 2-tuple linguistic CODAS (P2TL-CODAS) method for quality evaluation of scientific research management in application-oriented universities. The P2TL-CODAS method is established and all computing steps are simply presented. Furthermore, we apply the P2TL-CODAS method to evaluate the quality evaluation of scientific research management in application-oriented universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

John F. Cryan is Chair of the Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Principal Investigator in the APC Microbiome Ireland Institute and Vice President for Research and Innovation at University College of Cork, Ireland. He obtained his bachelor's and doctoral degrees (in Biochemistry and Pharmacology, respectively) from the University of Galway and undertook postdoctoral research experience in the USA, at the University of Pennsylvania and The Scripps Research Institute. He was also a visiting fellow at the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, for a couple of years post‐PhD. In 2002, John took up a position in industry as a laboratory head at the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research in Basel, Switzerland. After a 4‐year stint at Novartis, he returned to academia in late 2005 as a Lecturer and then Senior Lecturer in Pharmacology at University College Cork (UCC). The Cryan lab now focuses on determining the impact of the gut microbiota on the human brain and behaviour, with a particular interest in the brain–gut–microbiome axis in the context of depression. John has published more than 600 peer‐reviewed papers and has received many honours and accolades in recognition of his contributions to neuropharmacology and microbiome research, including the Datta lecture award from FEBS in 2022. In this interview, he outlines how he became interested in the role of the microbiome in brain development and disease, provides advice to budding scientists and highlights the broader public health implications of his research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the restoration of road landscape space, subjective evaluation method was adopted to visually evaluate different road spaces in Tianjin University with college students as the research objects. Using random block design, 9 plots were quantitatively studied by Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) from four dimensions: alienation, compatibility, richness and attractiveness. The results show that gray space has the worst restorative effect in the dimension of alienation, and can not bring people the feeling of being away from daily trivialities; in terms of compatibility dimension, green and blue spaces have better restorative effects; richness dimension has no obvious influence on the restoration of plots; in terms of attraction dimension, blue space has strong restorative ability and can easily attract people's attention, while gray space has low attraction. There are differences in environmental restoration among different types of road space, and gray space, blue space and green space show weak, strong, and relatively stable restorative effects, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A phenomenologically sensitive approach to leading change attends to how we structure systems of meaning and experience them, which is critical for facilitating coordinated action. Key concepts are multiple realities, motivation, and leverage, modalities of which bear directly on effective theories of, and coordinated actions leading to, institutional and cultural change. The Association for Undergraduate Education at Research Universities' Boyer 2030 Commission Report is implicitly guided by these considerations, and its Curricular Analytics Project is exemplary of the report's recommended change strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the conditional gender wage gap among faculty at public research universities in the U.S. We begin by using a cross-sectional dataset from 2016 to replicate the long-standing finding in research that, conditional on rich controls, female faculty earn less than their male colleagues. Next, we construct a data panel to track the evolution of the wage gap through 2021. We show that the gender wage gap is narrowing. It declined by more than 50% over the course of our data panel to the point where by 2021, it is no longer detectable at conventional levels of statistical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides brief biographical information about the authors of articles in the issue of Music & Letters. The authors come from diverse backgrounds and have expertise in various fields related to music and history. Their research interests range from Ukrainian musical modernism to memorial culture and museum studies. The authors hold degrees from prestigious universities and have published books and articles in their respective fields. [Extracted from the article]

Background: In central Punjab, the primary cause of depleting underground water is early transplantation of long-duration rice varieties. Because of their growth in rainy days and early maturity, the cultivation of medium-duration varieties in the low evaporation period can help to migrate the over draft of underground water. Methods: The field experiment entitled "Effect of date of transplanting on growth and productivity of the rice (Oriza sativa L.) cultivars" was conducted at Research Farm of University College of Agriculture, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda to study the impact of date of transplanting on growth and productivity of the rice cultivars during kharif season in 2019. The trail was laid out in split plot design with three dates of transplanting (June 15, June 25 and July 5) in main plot and three rice cultivars (PR 122, PR 126 and PUSA 44) in sub plot, replicated thrice. Result: Transplanting on 15 June crop recorded significantly higher plant height at 30, 60 DAT and at harvest viz. 67.4, 110.0 and 122.6 cm respectively; number of tillers at 30, 60 DAT and at harvest viz. 59.4, 58.2 and 46.2 respectively; leaf area index (LAI) at 60 DAT (3.1); dry matter accumulation (DMA) at 30, 60 DAT and at harvest viz. 8.5, 26.7 and 132.6 q/ha respectively; number of days taken to panicle initiation (57.6); number of days taken for 50 per cent flowering (64.1); effective tillers per meter row length (38.6); panicle length (26.1 cm); panicle weight (6.1 g); number of grains per panicle (177.9); 1000-grain weight (31.0g); grain yield (72.2 q/ha); straw yield (161.1 q/ha); harvest index (33.4%). The grain yield was at par with June 25. Among the cultivars, PUSA 44 recorded significantly higher plant height at 30, 60 DAT and at harvest viz. 70.6, 117.4 and 128.6 cm respectively; number of tillers at 30, 60 DAT and at harvest viz. 65.0, 60.3 and 50.4 respectively; leaf area index (LAI) at 60 DAT (3.4); dry matter accumulation (DMA) at 30, 60 DAT and at harvest viz. 9.5, 31.3 and 153.4 q/ha respectively; number of days taken to panicle initiation (65.2); number of days taken for 50 per cent flowering (68.7); effective tillers per meter row length (43.2); panicle length (27.5 cm); panicle weight (6.5 g); number of grains per panicle (195.7); 1000-grain weight (34.7g); grain yield (80.1 q/ha); straw yield (181.2 q/ha); harvest index (34.1%). June 15 transplanting produced significantly higher grain yield which was 1.5 and 6.4% higher than June 25 and July 5 transplanting respectively. PUSA 44 produced significantly higher grain yield which was 27.3 and 17.4% higher than PR 126 and PR 122 respectively. All the interaction effect of date of transplanting and rice cultivars recorded non-significant results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent scholars of the professions have argued that a new hybrid form of professionalism is becoming dominant. This new form combines traditional commitments to ethics and community service with new commitments to managerial and entrepreneurial objectives. We analyze the perceptions of 4,300 U.S. graduate students in 21 fields concerning how well their programs have prepared them for leadership and management and for ethics and community service. These assessments allow us to examine the prevalence of this new conception of professionalism and to examine it in relation to two other conceptions: the "neo-classical" emphasis on ethics and community service as opposed to leadership and management, and another that emphasizes a divergence between business and technical professions on one side and social and cultural professions on the other. Hybridization was comparatively rare but occurred more frequently among students preparing for management, law, and medicine, and among men and students from more affluent families. We also find some support for the neo-classical thesis insofar as students tended to score higher on the ethics and community measure than on the leadership and management measure. However, the largest number of students took positions consistent with the divergence thesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancement of China's industrial construction, the field of engineering management has also attracted more attention. However, China's engineering management major is currently in a growing stage due to the issue of the opening years, and the teaching and practice setting of each course is also in an immature stage, which makes China's engineering management majors present more and more problems. The truancy rate has been increasing year by year, the students' dominant position in the class has become objectified, and their trust in teachers has decreased. Students' learning shows the characteristics of individualization and diversity. Higher requirements are put forward for teachers' teaching quality, and schools lack an effective supervision mechanism. In order to solve these problems better, it is imperative to reform and innovate the course teaching of engineering management majors. The core of engineering education accreditation is to confirm that engineering graduates meet established quality standards recognized by the industry. It is a unique method to test whether the course teaching of engineering management majors is qualified and attracts many scholars to discuss it. Engineering education accreditation has attracted many scholars to discuss it because it is a unique means to test the qualifications of engineering management students' course teaching. This study was based on an in-depth exploration of the teaching practice of engineering management courses and combines artificial intelligence with an engineering education certification. Through the research and analysis of colleges and universities, the research finally showed that the engineering management professional course teaching of engineering education certification under the background of artificial intelligence can promote the attendance of students in school by about 20%. The achievement of course teaching objectives has increased by about 13% and the comprehensive ability level of graduates has increased by about 8%. It improved the overall level of students and the teaching quality and efficiency of engineering management courses and also promoted the development of college education so that today's engineering management graduates can better meet the needs of today's society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although many academics in the United States assume that work-life balance, especially for women, is better at teaching-intensive colleges than at research-intensive universities, there is no systematic data to support this belief. We analyzed survey data from 909 faculty at a research-intensive public university, a masters-level public college, and two private colleges to test this assumption. Consistent with their reputation, faculty at the three teaching-intensive colleges reported family/personal life-friendlier departments. Yet we found no difference in work-life integration between faculty at the research university and those at the colleges. After we introduced having a family/personal life-friendly department as a mediator, the faculty at the research university reported more work-life integration than those at the colleges. The assumption that teaching-intensive colleges offer better work-life balance constitutes one layer in the leaky pipeline that reduces the number of women academics working at research universities, thereby reproducing the gender hierarchy in US higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study describes the perceived work demands and family caregiving obligations associated with work–family life among URM faculty and the coping strategies used to negotiate the integration of roles. Background: Past research on families focuses primarily on professional majority‐culture families and often fails to include traditionally and historically underrepresented minority (URM) families. The study of how URM professionals negotiate work and family obligations and economic and institutional constraints remains relatively absent in the family science discourse. Method: In‐depth individual and group interviews (N = 58) were conducted with US‐born African American, Mexican American, and Puerto Rican faculty at research universities. Results: The overarching theorizing anchor that grounded the themes was sacrifice. Three themes emerged: excessive work demands/role strain; commitments and caregiving obligations to family of origin and nuclear family; and few coping strategies and resources to maintain a balanced life. Conclusion: This analysis offers insight into the multiple factors that affect the experiences of URM academics in their workplaces that deeply influence work roles and self‐care and its impact on family roles. These data fill a gap by applying alternative frameworks to explore the work–family nexus among racialized groups. Implications: New research frontiers are offered to study the work–family nexus for URM faculty and how higher education can respond to alleviate excessive work demands and work–family life conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The purpose of this multi-institution study was to develop an understanding of where and how ranking lists are being used for the purpose of informing promotion and tenure decisions. Individuals were selected for this survey who, were at the time, serving in administrative positions at 115 R1 Carnegie research institutions. The survey questionnaire consisted of demographic, closed-response, and rating-scale questions designed to understand the respondents' experiences and attitudes concerning their academic department's promotion and tenure process. Results of this survey will inform librarians on practices associated with promotion and tenure involving open access publishing and the use of standardized journal lists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This article reports findings from a multiphase analysis of demand-driven acquisitions (DDA) within the academic research library setting. Evaluating local collections within the context of Trueswell's (1969) often-cited 80 / 20 Rule , phase one of this study illustrates the deficiencies of a just - in - case approach to building library collections. Following from this, phase two evaluates the viability of DDA as the just - in - time collection-building solution librarians have sought as an answer to low-use titles that plague most academic library collections. Supported by 16 months of data, this study scrutinizes the comparative value of DDA against traditionally acquired titles along two key dimensions—the subject-matter profile of purchases and their overall usage levels. Further, the concept of a utility as value paradigm , as well as a purchase - use equilibrium for library collections, provide a theoretical framework in which the relative value of DDA is assessed. From a content, or subject-matter, perspective, this study finds negligible deviation in those purchasing patterns associated with DDA when compared with traditionally-acquired materials. At the same time, DDA titles experience much higher levels of use and are, therefore, associated with markedly lower cost-per-use figures and greater overall value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Outreach and engagement activities are increasingly central to the work of liaison librarians. This qualitative study explores the culture of engagement at the University of Illinois. Based on a series of interviews, the authors learned what types of outreach and engagement activities are happening across units, the barriers and motivations for undertaking these activities, how engagement is assessed, and the needs of librarians doing engagement in order to further their work. This research advocate for a broader culture shift in which professional values will better align with the practices of liaison librarians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current new round of scientific and technological revolution represented by artificial intelligence is rapidly driving a new wave of development of the times, and the rapid iterative update of science and technology is triggering new changes in educational concepts and educational thinking methods. Only by deeply understanding the reshaping of education concept, teaching concept, and learning concept by the new generation of scientific and technological revolution, as well as the major opportunities and challenges brought to education, can we understand the future direction of the development of ideological and political education for college students. This study takes the ideological and political education and teaching of college students as the research object. It begins by defining artificial intelligence and the ideological and political education of college students and analyzes the new concepts of precise individualization, intelligent teaching, and evaluation brought by artificial intelligence to the ideological and political education of college students. Then, it selects the students who have studied ideological and political education network resources as the empirical objects, designs a questionnaire based on the emotional characteristics of the resources, implements a questionnaire survey, uses the Stata software to conduct a correlation analysis on the acceptance of the students, and finally verifies the resources. Combined with empirical results, this article analyzes the influence of emotional characteristics of resources on students' acceptance, reveals the carrier role of ideological and political network resources in school emotional education and students through mirror theory and student response theory, respectively, and establishes the principle of graded reading guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research universities worldwide have been taking reform actions to enhance their competitiveness in the global higher education market; however, the implementation of new initiatives may lead to challenges for university leadership. Faculty resistance is regarded as one of the most common obstacles faced by university leaders. Taking a qualitative approach based on Kotter's leading change model, this study adopts École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne as a case study to explore change management strategies adopted by university leadership in an attempt to ensure a planned transformational change. By analysing 22 interviews with university administrators and faculty members, this study reveals that the president of École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne managed changes through approaches that included vision creation, coalition formation, communication, faculty empowerment and culture consolidation. Additionally, the study shows that Kotter's change model, which was designed for business organizations, could not be applied to the analysis of the change management process in the context of higher education without modifications due to institutional and cultural differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classifications are a basic tool for research, which allow summarizing the diversity of objects in a number of categories that fits the cognitive abilities of the human mind. Their relevance for higher education is emphasized by the differentiation of institutional profiles. Yet, unlike in the US, there is currently no classification of European Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This paper fills this gap by developing a classification of European HEIs, which focuses on differences in activity profiles and subject scope. To this aim, it uses data from an enriched version of the European Tertiary Education Register on a sample of more than 2000 HEIs in a large number of European countries. The classification comprises six classes that occupy distinct positions in a configuration space defined by two dimensions, i.e. research vs. educational orientation and subject specialization. Ex-post analysis shows that classes are identifiable and can be attributed meaningful labels; the class of research universities comprises most European HEIs competing in international rankings, while a class of generalist HEIs with lower research orientation that cuts across the traditional distinction between universities and Universities of Applied Sciences can be distinguished. Furthermore, three classes of specialist HEIs can be identified. The classification provides a meaningful representation of European higher education that is more fine-grained than the distinction between university and non-university sectors while remaining parsimonious. We, finally show how national categories map to the classification, displaying its potential to compare differences in national institutional settings across Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the traditional laboratory manual management, there is a need for laboratory managers. The managers cannot keep abreast of the laboratory conditions, and forget to shut down and close the windows, causing waste of electricity and equipment damage. Based on NB-IoT and artificial intelligence, a laser intelligent management system is developed using technologies such as network communication, intranet, automatic control, artificial intelligence, and software. Through this system, administrators can grasp the situation of the laboratory in real time, realize the intelligent management of the laboratory, improve the scientific management of the laboratory, improve the work efficiency of laboratory technicians, and better play the laboratory as an important platform for scientific research training in colleges and universities. This paper aims to develop an intelligent laboratory management system based on NB-IoT and AI technology. Through this system, the manager can grasp the situation of the laboratory in real time, realize the intelligent management of the laboratory, and better play the role of the laboratory as an important platform for scientific research and talent training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In volleyball, the correct approach and start (including the number of steps and stride speed) are a prerequisite for all technical movements to attack. It can not only improve the horizontal speed of the athlete, but also properly convert the total speed into vertical speed, so that the hitting point is improved and the ball speed is accelerated. To explore the biomechanical characteristics of lower limb movements in the run-up and take-off stage of volleyball spiking, this paper takes four male volleyball players from the Physical Education College of X University as the research objects to analyze the kinematics and dynamics of the run-up process and the take-off process. This paper uses the precise recognition method under the background of deep learning to accurately capture the movements of the research object. This paper discusses the effects of time, speed, distance, knee, and hip parameters (angle, joint muscle torque, and power) on the effect of spiking techniques. It is expected to provide reference for the diagnosis, guidance, and muscle strength training of this special technical movement. The research results show that the horizontal speed of No. 2 athlete is 3.62 m/s and the vertical speed is 2.71 m/s when he takes off. The landing time is 0.375 s and the lift-off time is 0.16 s. The torque and power of the knee joint changed greatly during the take-off process, and the change of the hip joint was small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine's research endeavors, emphasizing the collaborative spirit and commitment to animal and human health. It specifically discusses the Minnesota Urolith Center's role in urinary stone analysis and genetic research, as well as the Clinical Investigation Center's support for clinical trials and translational research, showcasing how these resources facilitate innovative research in veterinary medicine.

The digital civilization of human-computer coexistence has become a reality, thanks to the intelligent era. The widespread application of artificial intelligence technology in education has paved a new road for the collaborative and innovative development of ideological and political science teachers in universities and schools. In response to the problems of irregular, unprofessional, and unified resource sharing channels, duplicated, inverted, and disconnected teaching contents, and uncoordinated, insufficient, and unbalanced scientific research linkages in the integration process of university and college civics courses, the B/S three-layer architecture framework is used to build a university and college civics course teachers' collaborative innovation platform that supports both PC and cell phone use by using jQuery, my structured query language (MySQL), hypertext preprocessor (PHP), juvenile sex offender assessment protocol (J-SOAP) crawlers, and other technologies. Teachers of civics courses can use the platform as a collaborative innovation tool. The goal of integrating resources, teaching, and scientific research of university and college civics courses is achieved, and the collaborative innovation development of university and college Civics teachers is promoted from theory to practice, thanks to the development of three major functions of the platform, namely, resource sharing, scientific research exchange, and teaching mutual assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the importance of trustees as leaders in US higher education institutions, our knowledge and understanding of their behavior is limited. This is increasingly problematic as trustees engage more directly with institutions as institutional boundaries have become more porous. We utilize social network analysis and document analysis of exchanges to explore trustees' involvement in a qualitative comparative case study of four elite US research universities. We draw on the microfoundations tradition of neo-institutional theory to frame and evaluate how the actions of these individuals reproduce, expand and reorganize these institutions and their boundaries. Results show that these leaders are heavily involved with the universities they govern, but in widely varied ways and to different degrees. We inductively derive two forms of trusteeship — traditional trusteeship (e.g., governance) and expanded trusteeship (e.g., capacity building and collaborative partnerships) — that occur unevenly across our four institutions. These findings demonstrate that the nature of trusteeship at US research universities varies across institutions in profound ways that have substantial consequences for their boundaries, behaviors, and governance as well as the organizational stratification in the field of US higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic institutions in the global North have historically claimed leadership in the production of high-quality scholarship. As such, it is their work that often informs pedagogical materials in secondary and tertiary education worldwide. This dominance has serious cultural impacts. At the very least, it positions Western academics as 'custodians' of knowledge with the ability to influence what is taught and how it is taught. Within this framework, learning is politicised, and the teaching of subjects such as history, becomes a space of contention. These issues touch on the aim of the Southern Responses to Displacement from Syria (SRD) project, financed by the European Research Council (grant agreement no. 715582) and led by Professor Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh in the Migration Research Unit at University College London. In particular, it aligns with the project's goal to explore a multi-directional approach to knowledge production and to centralise the experience of displaced peoples and actors from the global South in scholarship. The Research Associate Dr Estella Carpi discussed slavery as an ignored form of forced migration with Dr Portia Owusu, Assistant Professor of English Literature at Texas A&M. The SRD team's conversation with Dr Owusu, indeed, endeavours to rethink mainstream forced migration studies and rather engages with neglected—and, at times, silenced—epistemologies of forced migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relations between China and the United States will invariably influence the future of the human and natural world. New theory [Marginson, Simon, and Lili Yang. 2021. "Individual and Collective Outcomes of Higher Education; A Comparison of Anglo-American and Chinese Approaches." Globalisation, Societies and Education.] opened a space for more work on how higher education might support something like the second sort of future by generating collective or public goods. This response essay holds two assumptions: (1) Universities in both the Anglo-American and Sinic spheres are universities; (2) universities in the Anglo-American sphere are comparable to universities in the Sinic sphere, even when the point of comparison is to contrast. Empirical scholarship that investigates public good outcomes in different cultural and political formations will need some concept of the university to guide research. Operationalised concepts need to be manageable abstractions of real objects or processes. In this essay, I consider what each conception of the public good suggests about the usefulness of several of about the university. The university ideas considered here are the transactional university, the global research university, and the third university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities around the world are increasingly orienting themselves towards global engagement in the form of internationalisation. This article examines how the importance of internationalisation and international research collaborations varies across institutions. Using data from the Fourth Global Survey of Internationalisation, it finds that research orientation, sector, and ranking influence the prioritisation of internationalisation in nuanced ways. Globally ranked institutions express a high level of commitment to both internationalisation and international research collaborations. In contrast, unranked public institutions prioritise internationalisation less overall than unranked private institutions, but international research collaborations more. I argue that even in the contemporary era of globalisation, public colleges and universities continue to be more explicitly nation-serving and research-oriented than private ones. In contrast, among globally ranked institutions, public and private universities use internationalisation to signal their standing as global research universities. The article deepens our understanding of how internationalisation is differentially affecting higher education institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes all kind of problems PhD students might encounter during their PhDtrajectories. Because of these problems many PhD students leave universities without finishing their thesis and without PhD degrees. It leads to great losses of human capital. The author, who worked for 16 years as a university ombuds at a Dutch research university, is very experienced in the guidance of PhD students whose trajectories got stuck. Based on his experiences he describes interventions of an ombuds that might lead to diminishing dropout among PhD students. Although most of his experiences are accumulated at a Dutch university the described problems of PhD students could occur at universities all over the world. The same goes for ombuds interventions and solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While providing the resources and tools that make advanced research possible is a primary mission of academic libraries at large research universities, many other elements also contribute to the success of the research enterprise, such as institutional funding, staffing, labs, and equipment. This study focuses on members of the Association for Research Libraries (ARL) in the United States. Research success is measured by the total grant funding received by the University, creating an ordered set of categories. Combining data from the NSF's National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, ARL Statistics, and IPEDS, the primary explanatory factors for research success are examined. Using linear regression, logistic regression, and the cumulative logit model, the best-fitting models generated by ARL data, NSF data, and the combined data set for both nominal and per capita funding are compared. These models produce the most relevant explanatory variables for research funding, which do not include library-related variables in most cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides a list of contributors to the Journal of Social Philosophy. The contributors are scholars from various universities and research institutions, specializing in different areas of philosophy such as political philosophy, ethics, animal ethics, and legal philosophy. Their research interests include topics such as social inequalities, group agency, technological change, abortion rights, and the philosophy of work. The document also includes links to their personal websites and previous publications. [Extracted from the article]