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Background: The impact on the physical and mental health of those who survived torture and their close circles in the Syrian regimes detention facilities remains under-studied.Objective: This qualitative study explored Syrian refugees narrations of captivity and torture, and the consequences of such extreme traumatic events on their physical and psychosocial health.Method: Thirteen audio-recorded interviews were conducted in Arabic with Syrian refugees. Study participants were at least 19 years of age, resided in diverse urban areas of Jordan, had experienced captivity and torture in Syrian detention facilities, and voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Participation was anonymous, only oral consent was required, and no incentives were provided to participants. Interviews were transcribed and translated into English by a team of researchers, followed by analysis of repetitive themes according to the narrative paradigm.Results: Analysis of interviews elicited three major themes: extreme traumatic experiences of torture, and its physical and psychosocial health consequences. The first major theme was divided into two sub-themes: torture experienced by the participants themselves, and torture experienced by participants close circles. The second major theme, pertaining to physical health, was divided into two sub-themes: acute and chronic health sequelae. The third major theme, related to psychosocial health, was divided into four sub-themes: mental health symptomatology, impacts on professional life, impacts on interpersonal relationships, and social consequences.Conclusions: Torture experiences of Syrian refugees had adverse consequences for the physical and psychosocial health, functioning, and the overall well-being of survivors and their close circles. Interventions may seek to improve both the acute and chronic health consequences, as well as the mental health symptoms and associated impacts on livelihood, professional, and relationship dynamics. They should span clinical, legal, and advocacy spheres, given that a holistic approach may contribute immensely to survivors healing process.

One of Jung's most significant contributions concerns the mysterious, inexplicable and always out‐of‐reach nature of the self. In this paper, I will focus on the borders of the self and their nature, location and dynamics of maintenance and change in geographically, historically, and culturally situated subjects. Reflecting on the refugee experience, I intend to gain more insights into our psychic functioning and the dynamics of the self in relation to itself, the other and groups. The experiences of some refugees, marked bysignificant trauma and migration, shed light on how the boundaries of the self are frequently contested and perpetually negotiated with others, and how our subjectivity is shaped by ongoing dynamics of occupation, dispute and/or negotiation, conducted at various levels of our social and individual existence. My argument is that these processes occur at a specific site: the boundaries of the self, involving intrapsychic, interpersonal and group psychological dynamics, with reverberations in the socio‐political and cultural spheres, and reciprocal influences between all these levels. This paper aims to concentrate on the shifts in these boundaries, illustrated through clinical vignettes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bridging the divide between research and practice has become a growing concern within international studies. One under-explored avenue through which international studies scholars can enhance their "real world" impact is by serving as country conditions experts in asylum cases. This article provides an overview of the asylum process, the role of country conditions experts within it, and how scholars with in-depth country knowledge can leverage their expertise to make a difference, using examples from the United States and the United Kingdom. It also details several key issues one should consider when deciding whether to undertake expert witness work and the challenges and dilemmas it often entails. Finally, we provide actionable ways for international studies scholars to get involved and expand the community of individuals engaged in expert witnessing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Analytical Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The phenomenon of misinformation has become a global challenge that impacts democratic systems, fosters citizen distrust of the media, and can also be used as a tool to promote and spread hate speech against different groups. Various studies have shown how this misinformation is used to perpetuate negative stereotypes and fuel hostility toward certain ethnic, religious, or social groups, such as migrants and refugees. This research focuses on the disinformation about migrants and refugees detected by the Spanish fact-checking platforms Newtral, Maldita, and Verificat. It utilizes a content analysis method to examine 570 checks from January 2017 to May 2023. The objective is to detect the main types of information disorders affecting migration, their preferred formats, the agents involved, and the main characteristics and themes these hoaxes feature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Using the case study of Canada's private refugee sponsorship program, we show how neoliberalization heightens the power of non-immigrant civilians to broker immigrants' transnationalism. Private sponsors respond differently to two common and interrelated forms of refugee transnationalism in which they are structurally empowered to intervene. They encourage family reunification while discouraging remittances, although the former often depends on the fulfillment of the latter. Reflecting on these power imbalances, we classify private refugee sponsorship as part of a North American trend to devolve the management of noncitizens from state actors to ordinary citizens. We conclude by encouraging scholars of transnationalism to look down and investigate how non-immigrant private civilians in receiving countries increasingly shape newcomers' cross-border linkages. We also urge them to look up and attend to the broader neoliberal context empowering and structuring the behavior of citizen brokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At a time when Cuban immigrants are seeking political asylum at historically unprecedented rates, most press and scholarly accounts consistently mirror earlier portrayals of Cubans’ mass exodus from the island in one key aspect: they ascribe to refugees a primarily economic reason for their decision to leave and offer little discussion of political factors. To illuminate the need for such analysis, this article examines the Mariel Boatlift of 1980, when approximately 125,000 Cubans, most of them thirty years old or younger, left Cuba. No other exodus of Cubans was more demonized than the Mariel, both by Cuba’s supporters and leadership and by exile opponents of the communist state. Exploring how the intensification of ideological criteria for inclusion in the Cuban Revolution undermined the quality of Cubans’ liberation under socialism prior to Mariel, this article explores state policies and the deep politicization of everyday life and identity. Key political factors explain many young people’s alienation and the degree to which the Cuban state sanctioned and directed extreme measures of repression to discredit those who wanted to leave as lazy, sexually degenerate escoria (human trash).

In a world where asylum and migration have become major concerns for countries of transit and destination, political neutrality seems to be demanded from humanitarian workers. But under the pressures of workload, limited funds, and complex settings, these actors deviate from expectations and practice extra‐legal authority of a unique political nature. When handling asylum cases, these agents take crucial decisions that decisively impact the lives of asylum seekers. In legally fragile transit points where the rule of law faces challenges and where asylum seekers come seeking further resettlement in European countries, rejected applicants face risky fates of deportation, jail, violence, or death. In turn, humanitarian caseworkers pushed by workloads, purse strings, emotional burnout, and compassion fatigue, flatten the sufferings of their applicants, balance, and rank them. Caseworkers have to rank sufferings and decide who may eventually survive and who may simply be left to a risky unknown. In Agambian terms, this extralegal authority draws the lines, creates a zone of exception and throws rejected applicants into the realm of "Bare Life" where they become "Homo Sacer," whose life is worthless. Using Lipsky's theorization of street‐level bureaucrats and in‐depth interviews, the paper tackles these crucial issues by interviewing caseworkers from a variety of international organizations operating in the transit point of Egypt. These caseworkers are responsible for conducting different roles in the Refugee Status Determination process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Por diferentes motivos, en los últimos años el número de refugiados y solicitantes de asilo se ha disparado a nivel mundial. La comunidad internacional, a lo largo de la historia, ha intentado dar respuesta a estos movimientos masivos, mediante diversos instrumentos del Derecho Internacional Público. Sin embargo, estas medidas evidencian cierta tendencia al adulto-centrismo, dejando a los niños y niñas refugiados frente a un destino marcado por las desigualdades, la marginación y el rezago educativo, entre otros. En la práctica, es la infancia la que se enfrenta a los mayores riesgos inherentes a las largas travesías para alcanzar la anhelada condición de refugiado en el país de destino, así como también las vicisitudes y desarraigos propios de dejar atrás el país de origen y, en un número de casos nada desdeñable, incluso a sus padres, familiares o tutores. Los Estados, con su soberanía entendida como responsabilidad de proteger, tienen una obligación crucial como garantes de los derechos de sus ciudadanos, pero también de los derechos de quienes se han convertido en desplazados forzosos y han cruzado la frontera con la esperanza de que tal acto signifique el fin del largo y tortuoso camino. Sus derechos valen en la misma medida que los de sus conciudadanos y el interés superior del niño ha de ser puesto como guía última a lo largo de todo el proceso que vivencian aquellos que solicitan refugio, incluyendo su seguridad durante el tránsito y el bienestar integral en el país de destino. Como síntoma de la misma crisis humanitaria, Latinoamérica presenta un panorama igualmente desolador, donde la niñez se convierte en un blanco fácil del crimen organizado transnacional. El futuro de los niños se corrompe cuando los Estados les cierran sus fronteras.

Os fluxos migratórios e a globalização permitiram a coexistência de diversas culturas em um único território, possibilitando relações de trocas entre os indivíduos. No entanto, também possibilitaram práticas xenofóbicas e excludentes. Neste cenário, emergem discussões acerca de uma sociedade multicultural. Entre o exposto, esta pesquisa objetiva investigar como o multiculturalismo tem sido tratado na produção científica, utilizando uma abordagem descritiva e exploratória do tipo estado do conhecimento. Para tanto, foi utilizada como fonte de dados a base de periódicos Scientific Electronic Library Online - (SciELO), com recorte para artigos publicados nos anos de 2021 e 2022. Foram encontrados e analisados nove artigos que abordam a problemática. Os resultados revelaram uma tendência de multiculturalismo colonial, o qual reconhece a existência de outras culturas, mas adota posturas para marginalização e inferiorização das mesmas, resultando em práticas como o racismo e a xenofobia. Em síntese, os principais sujeitos dessa problemática são migrantes e refugiados. A adoção de práticas pedagógicas multiculturais e a criação de políticas públicas indicam ser uma das soluções para a construção de uma sociedade inclusiva culturalmente. Este estudo contribui para uma compreensão dessas dinâmicas multiculturais e necessárias para a construção de um futuro justo e igualitário para todos. Por fim, são necessários mais estudos que busquem compreender as necessidades e dificuldades das culturas marginalizadas pelo multiculturalismo colonial.

Neste artigo, procuramos discernir quais são as tendências globais das políticas e dos regimes jurídicos aplicáveis às migrações internacionais. Nele identificamos quatro tendências fundamentais: a dualidade de regimes, que insistem numa distinção cortante entre refugiados e outros migrantes; a fragmentação dos regimes aplicáveis aos estrangeiros numa multiplicidade de estatutos cuja articulação é difícil; a externalização dos controlos migratórios; e o combate a alguns (muito expressivos, em termos numéricos) movimentos migratórios, usando, para o efeito, muitas vezes, a via criminal.

Resumo Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa, com recorte entre 2020 e 2022, com objetivo de análise das políticas públicas globais implementadas durante a pandemia de Covid-19 para salvaguardar a saúde e os direitos humanos de migrantes e refugiados. A análise foi baseada em 24 artigos de 424 recuperados das bases de dados: Pubmed, Scopus, BVS e Wiley. A partir da análise, emergiram três eixos temáticos: Saúde, Trabalho e Proteção Social. As medidas adotadas pelos Estados foram múltiplas e heterogêneas, variando a cada realidade e status migratório dos indivíduos, como forma de oportunizar ou privar seu acesso às políticas de saúde, trabalho e seguridade social. Dessa forma, tais políticas também serviram como processos de estratificação e controle biopolítico. Portanto, é necessário superar barreiras estruturais e dirimir desigualdades, combater a xenofobia e o racismo, e aplicar plenamente os dispositivos dos tratados internacionais e proteger essas populações contra o arbítrio.

La gestión de la crisis de refugiados ucranianos de 2022 puso de manifiesto la necesidad de examinar de manera crítica la implementación de políticas de protección internacional discriminatorias según nacionalidad. Mediante el análisis de datos estadísticos, así como el estudio y revisión documental y bibliográfica, se analiza cómo de excluyentes o incluyentes son los sistemas de asilo español y mexicano en función de cómo los Estados tratan de un modo diferente a los solicitantes según su nacionalidad. Argumentamos que en ambos países las prácticas institucionales a lo largo de todo el proceso de asilo —acceso, procedimiento y resolución— discriminan por nacionalidad dando lugar a diversas formas de exclusión e inclusión de las personas refugiadas.

Background: Refugees and asylum-seekers have an elevated risk of mental health issues, such as depression and posttraumatic stress. Qualitative outcome studies can contribute by offering insight into patients’ experiences of what they find beneficial and how they undergo the process of recovery. This study aligns with the small body of qualitative research focusing on refugees’ perspectives of psychotherapeutic treatment for PTSD.Objective: This study investigates and compares the treatment experiences of refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in psychoanalytic group therapy (PAGT) and individual psychodynamic therapy (PDT) within an outpatient context in Sweden.Method: 10 former patients were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Data were analysed and interpreted according to the principles of grounded theory.Results: The findings reveal distinct categories for each treatment modality, being reborn for PDT and building a home for PAGT. Being reborn involved persistent intrapersonal change and lasting improvement in posttraumatic symptoms. Building a home involved a sense of belonging, support and temporary relief from posttraumatic symptoms. Participants from both treatment modalities underscored the significance of cultivating trust in therapeutic relationships.Conclusions: The study emphasises the necessity for tailored therapeutic approaches, contributing valuable insights to the limited research on effective mental health interventions for this population.

The purpose of this paper is to comprehend the challenges on the insertion of refugee as lecturers in Higher Education Institutions in Brazil, based on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of classification, field and habitus. A documentary analysis was carried out on the Emergency Academic Solidarity Program, which promotes the enrollment of refugee professors and researchers into undergraduate courses. Results show that by utilizing criteria that classify a person as a refugee, the program enables this group access to institutions. Thus, the classification changes the functioning of the field by inserting agents distinct from other candidates into stable socio-political conditions. However, the act of classification alone is not enough. It is necessary to observe possible barriers, such as: the lack of knowledge on the topic of refuge and the habitus of the agents who carry out the program locally [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Russian invasion of Ukraine has resulted in massive refugee migration. In this article we consider how the European Union (EU) and the United States have so far managed this influx of people. For reasons explained in the article, the EU is more focused on humanitarian aid, while the United States is especially engaged through military aid. The EU and the United States have historically employed both overt and covert means of limiting refugee migration, and this has been especially the case with migrants of color. Ukrainian refugees have no problem entering EU countries and receiving help (work permits, housing, etc.), while the United States uses various ways that make entry into the United States fairly complicated and thus contain Ukrainian migration (e.g., difficulty filling out applications, finding a sponsor in the United States). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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O trabalho aborda alguns dos projetos e empreendimentos colonizatórios, propostos por organizações de ajuda humanitária e coordenados tanto durante quanto após a II Guerra Mundial, para diferentes grupos de refugiados. O foco do artigo está centrado nas dimensões de vida, cotidiano e organização de imigrantes (étnicos germânicos, italianos, balcânicos, poloneses, entre outros) nas colônias agrícolas fundadas em diversas localidades da América e da África (Brasil, Argentina, Venezuela, Costa Rica, República Dominicana, Tanzânia, Uganda, Quênia, Rodésia do Norte e Rodésia do Sul). Este estudo parte de uma revisão da historiografia sobre a temática com ênfase no debate sobre colonização e trabalho rural.

El texto plantea la importancia del oikos griego en tanto referente simbólico que puede permitir, en condiciones de adversidad, la construcción de una estética de la existencia que se constituya en una opción para seguir viviendo cuando las condiciones son desfavorables para la existencia de la vida y para la vivencia del hogar, es decir, en escenarios de conflicto como los que actualmente viven muchas personas en condición de refugiados, de inmigrantes, de asilados; así también quienes están secuestrados y aquellos que viven el desplazamiento forzado y ambiental. Tomaremos como referente de la adversidad lo sucedido en el campo de concentración de Auschwitz para relacionar aquellos hechos de crueldad con muchas de las situaciones que acontecen hoy en el panorama global. Todo esto con la idea de proponer la vivencia del oikos como una construcción íntima que manifiesta la vida y que puede convertirse en un refugio en circunstancias difíciles.

El presente estudio aborda la situación de un colectivo plural y diverso –conformado por «la diáspora rusa», la primera ola de emigrantes que, tras la Revolución de Octubre, huye de Rusia-un país fracturado y en Guerra civil– y el impacto que generó en la sociedad de su tiempo. Se sitúa el foco principalmente en la ayuda internacional, tanto dentro de Rusia –a raíz de los estragos de la hambruna de los años veinte– como fuera del país –dirigida a los emigrados–. Ulteriormente, se indagan la acogida y las políticas migratorias aplicadas por Francia y España, así como la configuración de asociaciones en países de Europa occidental, dispuestas a ayudar al colectivo, incidiendo en aspectos educativos y en la transmisión de valores con el fin de preservar su cultura identitaria en el exilio. Las fuentes procedentes de la Sociedad de Naciones (SDN) del Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja (CICR) y del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, además de los fondos de la British Library (BL), la Biblioteca Nacional de España (BNE), y bibliografía especializada, permiten trazar el papel de organismos conectados con la ayuda de carácter humanitario, establecer sus limitaciones así como el papel de los estados francés y español, además de seguir el rastro de algunas trayectorias vitales de los emigrados –que se alejan de una imagen aristocrática– y valorar sus aportaciones a las sociedades receptoras.

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This paper analyzes the protection of victims of forced migration from the perspective of the philosophy of law and international human rights law. On the one hand, it focuses on the origin and philosophical-legal foundations of human dignity and its practical requirements as a legal principle. Understood in this sense, dignity is considered as the foundation of the most basic human rights; and implies universally enforceable legal prerogatives in favor of all persons, by the mere fact of their human nature; and without considering exogenous factors, such as origin or nationality. Within this context, fundamental notions such as ius communcationis, or the right of sociability of human beings and hospitality, which entail a common use of the universal land within the comunitas orbis or universal community, are recovered. It is concluded that, despite the efforts and the many legal instruments that exist in this regard, and which are based on the dignity of the individual, the protection afforded to them in practice is not sufficient. The reason for this lies in several factors, in particular, in the fact that although human dignity can be considered as the basis for the recognition of human rights on equal terms, its scope is limited to the most fundamental rights, such as life or the prohibition of torture and inhuman and degrading treatment, but does not imply more specific rights such as freedom of movement or residence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: High levels of post-traumatic stress are well documented among refugees. Yet, refugee adolescents display high heterogeneity in their type of trauma and symptom levels. Objective: Following the recurrent plea for validated trauma screening tools, this study investigated the psychometric properties of the Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8) among refugee adolescents from Afghanistan (n = 148), Syria (n = 234), and Somalia (n = 175) living in Europe. Method: The model fit for the confirmatory factor structures was tested, as well as measurement invariance between the three groups. The robustness of results was evaluated by testing measurement invariance between recently arrived and settled adolescents, and between different response labelling options. Reliability (α, ω, and ordinal α), criterion validity, and prevalence estimates were calculated. Results: The intrusion subscale showed a better stable model fit than the avoidance subscale, but the two-factor structure was mainly supported. Configural measurement invariance was achieved between Afghan and Somali adolescents, and strong measurement invariance between Syrian and Somali adolescents. The results were robust considering the time living in the host country and response labelling styles. Reliability was low among Afghan and Syrian adolescents (.717−.856), whereas it was higher among Somali adolescents (.831 −.887). The total score had medium-sized correlations with emotional problems (.303−.418) and low correlations with hyperactivity (.077−.155). There were statistically significant differences in symptom prevalence: Afghan adolescents had higher prevalence (55.5%) than Syrian (42.8%) and Somali (37%) adolescents, and unaccompanied refugee minors had higher symptom prevalence (63.5%) than accompanied adolescents (40.7%). Conclusions: This study mostly supports the use of the CRIES-8 among adolescents from Afghanistan, Syria, and Somalia, and even comparative analyses of group means. Variation in reliability estimates, however, makes diagnostic predictions difficult, as the risk of misclassification is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Refugees often suffer from trauma-related psychopathology, specifically posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Negative world assumptions are strongly correlated with the development, course, and severity of PTSD. Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether there are distinct profiles of PTSD and negative world assumptions (NWA) and examine whether trauma load, torture, and gender differentially predict such symptom profiles. Method: In a sample of 225 treatment-seeking refugees who had resettled in the Netherlands, latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of patients sharing the same profile of PTSD and NWA symptoms. Predictors of profile membership were analyzed via multinomial logistic regression. Results: A three-profile solution yielded the best model fit: a low PTSD/low NWA profile (23.6%), a high PTSD/high NWA profile (41.8%), and a high PTSD/low NWA profile (34.7%). Participants who reported a higher trauma load, were more likely to be part of the high PTSD/high NWA profile or the high PTSD/low NWA profile in comparison to low PTSD/low NWA profile. Participants who reported having experienced torture were more likely to be part of the high PTSD/high NWA profile in comparison to low PTSD/low NWA profile. Gender did not differentiate between the profiles. Conclusions: This study reveals that among treatment-seeking refugees resettled in the Netherlands, there are distinct profiles of PTSD and NWA. These profiles indicate that PTSD and NWA are not uniformly experienced among refugees, emphasizing the diversity in their psychological responses to trauma. Among individuals experiencing severe PTSD symptoms, a subgroup was identified of individuals who additionally exhibited negative assumptions about themselves, others, and the world. Recognizing this heterogeneity is crucial in both research and clinical practice, particularly in the context of refugee mental health. Directions for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Feasibility studies with non-French speaking migrants in France are needed to inform appropriate adaptation of psychosocial intervention procedures. Objective: To test the WHO Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention protocol for Arabicspeaking migrants in the Paris metropolitan region. Methods: Between 2019 and 2021 we recruited participants from three accommodation centres receiving asylum seekers or migrants experiencing social and economic difficulties. Participants experiencing psychological distress underwent five PM + sessions with trained helpers. Feasibility was evaluated through 15 interviews with 8 participants, 4 helpers, and 3 study supervisors. Interview topics covered PM + implementation in general and for each component. We also sought to understand problems with delivery and gathered suggestions for improvement. Data were analysed thematically using a deductive approach. Results: We found implementation of PM + to be feasible, with predominantly positive reactions from participants, helpers and study staff. All intervention components were considered beneficial, with breathing exercises considered easy to implement and often sustained. Selection of problems and strategies to address them were described as challenging to execute. Psychosocial support from and rapport with helpers and the use of the native language were considered key strengths of the programme. However, we observed the need for complementary or higher intensity psychological support in some cases. Findings also highlighted the importance of addressing distress among non-specialist helpers delivering PM + . Finally, local guidance to social resources were suggested to be added in the protocol. Conclusion: PM + was well-liked and feasible, with cultural adjustments and increased access to community resources for migrants needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of ZARCH: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Architecture & Urbanism is the property of Universidad de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ZARCH: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Architecture & Urbanism is the property of Universidad de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Esboços: Historias em Contextos Globias is the property of Esbocos: historias em contextos globais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Several recent studies have examined experiences of waiting and spatial and temporal immobility among refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants. This paper investigates recent migrants' experiences of waiting and (spatial and temporal) immobility in the context of COVID-19 lockdowns, and against the background of pandemic isolation and boredom. It asks how public health measures affected 'recently' arrived migrants' and how these migrants experienced waiting and immobility differently before and during the pandemic. We argue that differences in recent migrants' status and housing situations shape how they experience immobility during and beyond the pandemic. This paper contributes to research on immobility in migration by highlighting the importance of diverse emotional geographies of loneliness and frustration; it concludes that immobility is situated along an isolation-to-agitation continuum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Desde una óptica historiográfica reciente, que busca ampliar los márgenes geográficos del Holocausto para entenderlo en su dimensión trasnacional, América Latina constituye una región clave por su papel en el salvataje de refugiados judíos. En ese contexto, el trabajo reconstruye y examina las experiencias de tránsito y refugio de los judíos polacos que recorrieron la ruta de salvación a través del Lejano Oriente, desarrollada especialmente entre los años 1940 y 1941. El artículo analiza, principalmente, testimonios de los refugiados y documentos de organismos de ayuda y socorro, especialmente del Comité de Asistencia, de Kobe (Japón). Argumenta el despliegue de memorias que podían resultar disonantes respecto a las narrativas hegemónicas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y, por el otro, la presencia de sentimientos ambivalentes en torno a las experiencias del tránsito y del refugio. En estas páginas, indagamos, particularmente los desplazamientos de judíos polacos hacia las Américas, tomando dos casos contrastantes: Estados Unidos, principal destino del refugio judío, y México, uno de los países latinoamericanos que menos refugiados judíos recibió.

Desde hace casi una década México ha registrado un incremento exponencial en el número de solicitudes para el reconocimiento de la condición de refugiado, lo cual se ha traducido en un reto para la gestión y atención de estas poblaciones, no solo por la cantidad de personas que han arribado a nuestro país sino sobre todo por la aplicación de una política migratoria basada en la contención migratoria. La presente propuesta analiza la tensión existente entre la política migratoria y la política de protección del Estado mexicano, en cuyos hallazgos evidencia algunos desencuentros y contradicciones, mismos que, terminan por imposibilitar e incidir negativamente en su acceso al derecho a ser reconocidas como refugiadas.

Resumen. Este artículo analiza desde una perspectiva sociológica, las implicaciones en términos de protección del Nuevo Pacto sobre Migración y Asilo en la Unión Europea (UE). Trabajando desde una metodología cualitativa, este artículo tiene el objetivo de exponer una estrategia que puede entenderse como externalización de la responsabilidad de proteger desarrollada por la UE bajo el argumento de impedir la saturación del sistema de asilo europeo. Como principales resultados, señalo, en primer lugar, la estructuración de estrategias destinadas a frenar la llegada de población, y en segundo lugar, un análisis del control del acceso a la UE en función de contexto y región de procedencia siguiendo el modelo empleado en la Declaración UE-Turquía de 2016. Planteo como discusión la urgencia de mayores garantías internacionales apoyándome en las denuncias desarrolladas por organizaciones no gubernamentales, para finalmente concluir destacando las prácticas de repliegue de los sistemas de protección ante el aumento de la movilidad humana transnacional forzada.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a política de acesso para refugiados aos cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) entre 2019 e 2022. Trata-se de uma investigação exploratória, de natureza aplicada e viés qualitativo, usando o método hipotético-dedutivo, o procedimento de estudo de caso e as técnicas de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. Conclui-se que a política da UFABC representa um avanço quanto às alternativas de inserção socioeconômica e acadêmica deste público no Brasil, e reafirma a diferença como uma medida política de reconhecimento de identidades. Contudo, refugiados ocuparam menos da metade das vagas destinadas para si.

Background: People forced to leave their homes, such as refugees and internally displaced persons, are exposed to various stressors during their forced displacement, putting them at risk for mental disorders. Objective: To summarize evidence on the efficacy of psychosocial interventions aiming to promote mental health and/or to prevent mental symptoms by fostering transdiagnostic skills in forcibly displaced persons of all ages. Method: Four databases and reference lists were searched for randomized controlled trials on interventions in this population on 11 March 2022. Thirty-six studies were eligible, 32 studies (comprising 5299 participants) were included in random-effects multilevel meta-analyses examining the effects of interventions on mental symptoms and positive mental health (e.g. wellbeing) as well as moderators to account for heterogeneity. OSF Preregistration-ID: 10.17605/OSF.IO/XPMU3 Results: Our search resulted in 32 eligible studies, with 10 reporting on children/adolescents and 27 on adult populations. There was no evidence for favourable intervention effects in children/adolescents, with 44.4% of the effect sizes pointing to potentially negative effects yet remaining non-significant. For adult populations, our meta-analyses showed a close-to-significant favourable effect for mental symptoms, M(SMD) = 0.33, 95% CI [–0.03, 0.69], which was significant when analyses were limited to high-quality studies and larger for clinical compared to non-clinical populations. No effects emerged for positive mental health. Heterogeneity was considerable and could not be explained by various moderators (e.g. type of control, duration, setting, theoretical basis). Certainty of evidence was very low across all outcomes limiting the generalizability of our findings. Conclusion: The present review provides at most weak evidence for an effect favouring transdiagnostic psychosocial interventions over control conditions for adult populations but not for children and adolescents. Future research should combine the imperative of humanitarian aid in face of major crises with studying the diverse needs of forcibly displaced persons to improve and tailor future interventions. This review is the first to examine the efficacy of transdiagnostic interventions for mental health promotion and prevention of mental disorders in forcibly displaced persons of all ages. Overall, we found no favourable effect of transdiagnostic interventions in both children/adolescents and adults. Excluding studies at high risk of bias, there was weak evidence for a small favourable effect in adults, but not in children and adolescents. Thus, so far, there is weak evidence for transdiagnostic interventions in forcibly displaced persons. Research efforts need to match care needs: While most people live and need care in low-income countries, the majority of research has been conducted in high-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several norms and institutions have been developed and implemented to cope with the repeated unregulated increases of «forced displaced persons». Although the issue of managing «refugee» persons has become more debated in recent years around the world, Portugal has not experienced high pressure from migration flows, making it, for many, a paradigmatic case. As an EU Member State, but also a member of several international organizations, Portugal has obligations towards those seeking protection - applicants and beneficiaries of international protection. However, although there has been an effort to welcome and integrate a greater number of people, the national territory is still seems to be unattractive to those seeking a safe and stable destination to give a new direction to their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines attitudes about integration and support for citizenship in the context of the Syrian refugee crisis in Turkey based on 85 interviews in four provinces. Consistent with past research, respondents reported multiple threat perceptions around refugees, with security and cultural threats predominating. Those who perceived refugees as threatening in three or more ways generally believed in fewer prospects for integration and were unlikely to support citizenship. However, positive views were present among those who reported one or even two types of threats, indicating there are possibilities for developing inclusionary attitudes even in the presence of threat perceptions. Our research also identifies two counterintuitive reasons some individuals support citizenship for refugees: to reduce security threats and remedy perceived favoritism in social support policies. These findings shed light on the complex bases of attitudes around migration and have important implications for designing refugee settlement policies and efforts to support integration. Related Articles: Duman, Yoav H. 2014. "Reducing the Fog? Immigrant Regularization and the State." Politics & Policy 42(2): 187–220. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12065/abstract. Ibrahim, Yasmin, and Anita Howarth. 2018. "Review of Humanitarian Refuge in the United Kingdom: Sanctuary, Asylum, and the Refugee Crisis." Politics & Policy 46(3): 348–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12254. Ravi, Chaitanya. 2021. "The 1971 Bangladesh War and Policy Lessons for Climate Refugee Management in South Asia." Politics & Policy 49(1): 248–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12392. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Aposta is the property of Aposta and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)