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This study explores two well-known case studies involving the removal of Indigenous war captives from their places of origin to fortifications or to Mediterranean galley ships to do forced labor. I draw on known scholarship on Indigenous war captives in New England and New France during the seventeenth century to consider the local conditions in Europe and North America that created the possibility for the dispersal of captives. Europeans moved Indigenous captives for various reasons and responded to the actions and demands of Indigenous polities, particularly during times of warfare or raiding. Rather than placing Indigenous history into European power frameworks, I focus on how mobility-oriented punishments are simultaneously connected to events in interior continental Indigenous and the European mainland. By doing so, I offer a critique of the settler colonial paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a famous coastal defense heritage in the world's military history, the maritime defense heritage of China's Ming Dynasty represents the highest achievement of China's ancient coastal military defense. There is a relative lack of holistic research on this defense system from its establishment to stabilization. Additionally, there is a lack of comparative research on the combination of Wokou invasions and defense patterns from a spatio-temporal perspective. The study aims to offer insights into the temporal and spatial evolution of ancient military defense heritage and investigate the significance of Ming Dynasty coastal defense. This study focuses on Zhejiang, a key coastal defense during the Ming Dynasty. Using GIS tools, it analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of Wokou invasions and defense mode in the process of Zhejiang coastal defense from its establishment to its perfection by using GIS analytical tools, and explores the driving factors of the dynamic adjustment of this coastal defense system. The results show that: (1) Hongwu 1 to 31 (1368–1398) witnessed the construction of a 12-area defense system, encompassing Wei and Suo citadels. This followed a multi-point defense strategy, with Wei citadels controlling the coastline and Suo citadels supporting them; (2) Hongwu to Wanli (1368–1588) saw the evolution of five defense modes, evolving from decentralized to centralized and then to a coexistence of both. This culminated in the establishment of 4–6 Defense Mode (4 Canjiang and 6 Bazong); (3) the evolution of the defense paradigm is largely driven by Wokou incursions and is an adaptation from small-scale, short-duration infestations to large-scale, long-duration infestations. The findings show that the Ming Dynasty's coastal defense system in China was flexible and adaptive, evolving to meet changing defense needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text discusses two books, "Hunting Game" by Louisa Lombard and "Mobility, Mobilisation, and Counter/Insurgency" by Olufemi Agbiboa, which provide insights into contemporary conflict and violence in Africa. Lombard's book explores the role of hunting and raiding in the formation of political power in the Central African Republic, challenging traditional notions of statehood and sovereignty. Agbiboa's book focuses on the importance of mobility and infrastructure in conflict dynamics, using the case of Boko Haram in Nigeria to illustrate how movement and familiarity can shape insurgency. Both books offer valuable perspectives on the complexities of conflict and the role of mobility in shaping power dynamics. [Extracted from the article]

On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a major military incursion on Ukrainian territory, thereby initiating one of the biggest international conflicts of the twenty‐first century. Not only has this conflict claimed the lives of thousands of Russians and Ukrainians, but it has also resulted in mass migration. Against this backdrop, this paper sets out to answer the following question: what are the main legal aspects of the migration policy adopted by the Brazilian state in response to the Ukrainian diaspora? The findings of this research indicate that the Brazilian Federal Government has passed ordinances that can protect the human rights of these people on a temporary basis. Although these ordinances have a precarious nature, their beneficiaries will be able to apply for refugee status when their provisions cease to produce legal effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the sculpted monuments in St Paul's Cathedral to nineteenth-century protagonists in Britain's invasion and rule of Southeast Asian territories (including Burma (Myanmar), Indonesia and the Andaman Islands). It focuses on two works in particular: Sir Francis Leggatt Chantrey's monument to Major General Robert Rollo Gillespie, and the monument to Richard Southwell Bourke, sixth earl of Mayo and viceroy of India, attributed to Joseph Edgar Boehm. The first commemorates the man considered by his supporters to be the hero of the British East Indies after smashing a hole in the Indigenous power structures of the Indonesian archipelago so that it could be claimed for British India. The second remembers a man who was one of the British East Indies' many victims, even as he ran the place. His story and his monument indicate the extent to which Southeast Asia became a region to which British India despatched its problems – and in which the liberal ideology used to justify nineteenth-century British imperialism met its limits. These two men's imperial histories and sculpted memorials are read in turn as distinct and divergent instances of liberal imperialism's simultaneous dependence upon, and denial of, its own capacity for brutal violence. The article argues that, viewed up close and in context, both monuments bear traces of that violence, its consequences, and the alibis, omissions and occlusions with which it was – and, in the neoliberal present, continues to be – cloaked in public discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El caballero de Erlaiz is one of the novels by Pío Baroja that have been most neglected. Written after his return from exile in Paris during the Spanish war, it contains an embarrassing incursion in the 18th century and the War of the Pyrenees, that is, in events more distant than the ones he had usually written about in trilogies like La selva oscura, pieces such as Zalacaín el aventurero or the series Memorias de un hombre de acción, which deal with the 19th and the 20th centuries. In this paper I suggest that below this journey in History Baroja was not only praising the spirit of the Enlightenment but also developing a criticism of the present, through a reconsideration of History and the genre of historical novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the repulse of fifteenth century Portuguese slave raids in the Senegambia by the armed forces of the empires of Great Jolof and Imperial Mali, within the context of the ongoing Military Revolution debate and with an emphasis on the military organization and weaponry deployed by both sides. Despite the claims of some historians about early European advantages in naval warfare, any such superiority on the part of the European vessels was not demonstrated in these encounters, with the war-canoes and poisoned arrows of the Jolof and Malian marines proving highly effective against the caravels, cannons, and crossbows of the Portuguese sailors. The African militaries of the Senegambia region were well-organized, well-disciplined, and more than capable of defeating European marauders. If Europeans did develop notable military advantages over West Africans in the sixteenth century, they had not yet begun to do so in the fifteenth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar (RUHM) is the property of Centro de Estudios de la Guerra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Military History Chronicles is the property of Policy Studies Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Clusters are groups of companies from the same sector and located geographically close (Porter, 1998) that come together to survive in globalization and share risks to access new markets. In this document, the conventional export channels and the strategies implemented to achieve internationalization by the companies that make up the Cluster Hortaliceros Unidos de Sinaloa, A.C. were analyzed and identified. This analysis has the purpose of proposing the most appropriate internationalization strategy for the Cluster, in its incursion into the United States market, as well as identifying and analyzing the internationalization strategies currently implemented by the companies that comprise it and knowing the benefits that are they get by joining it. The applied methodology is a case study, with a qualitative approach, of descriptive scope and using the technological tool Atlas.ti 8, the main technique for data collection was the structured and unstructured directed interview, likewise to reinforce the investigation. A situational analysis was carried out through the elaboration of a SWOT matrix, it was possible to observe that the internationalization strategy implemented by the companies of the conglomerate is indirect export and the main barriers they face when exporting are quality standards, tariffs, sales on credit, the variation of international agricultural prices and the risks of nonpayment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Urkundenwesen Kataloniens vom 8. bis10. Jahrhundert, das sich durch eine zunehmend reiche Originalüberlieferung auszeichnet. Die Dokumente, die zum Großteil von Klerikern ausgefertigt wurden, gewähren einzigartige Einblicke in die Lebenswelten der damaligen Gesellschaft und erlauben auch Rückschlüsse auf den Grad ihrer Alphabetisierung und Literalität. Nicht zuletzt bei den Urkundenschreibern gab es auf diesen Gebieten große Unterschiede. Am oberen Ende der Skala standen Kanoniker wie Adanagell und Otger sowie Bischof Miró Bonfill und der Priester Oliba, die in ihre Urkundentexte ihre Gelehrsamkeit und Belesenheit einfließen ließen. Diese Urkundenschreiber sind teilweise auch als Schreiber von Codices nachweisbar. Es gibt aber auch eine Reihe von Beispielen für Schreiber, die am unteren Ende der Skala standen, und deren Dokumente auf eine elementare (Aus-)Bildung schließen lassen. Immerhin werden auch in ihren Urkunden Spuren heute verlorener Bücher fassbar, die vom lokalen Klerus und sogar von Laien aufbewahrt wurden und zirkuliert haben müssen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar (RUHM) is the property of Centro de Estudios de la Guerra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)