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Se presenta un artículo derivado del proyecto de investigación Validación de un programa de intervención basado en mindfulness para el desarrollo de la sensibilidad en docentes de educación inicial financiado mediante convocatoria interna por la Universidad de Ibagué con el código 19-491-INT. El propósito central de este proyecto fue evaluar la efectividad de un programa de intervención piloto basado en mindfulness para el desarrollo de la sensibilidad en docentes de preescolar. Por lo expuesto, a través de este artículo se presenta una revisión teórica general sobre el concepto de calidad estructural del ambiente y su influencia en el rol del docente dentro del aula de preescolar.Los resultados de la revisión de la teoría permiten ratificar que la calidad estructural tiene una relación significativa con la calidad de las interacciones que el docente establece con los niños. Se sugiere aumentar el número de estudios en Colombia y, en específico, en Ibagué, que aborden procesos de evaluación con instrumentos validados como la escala de calificación del ambiente de la infancia temprana (ECERS-R) (Harms, Clifford & Cryer, 1998) para que sean un marco orientador, especialmente en el nivel de preescolar, pues es bien sabido que las experiencias que los niños tengan durante sus primeros años serán fundamentales para su desarrollo integral.

We measure the spectrum of cosmic rays with energies greater than 10 18.2 eV with the fluorescence detectors (FDs) and the surface detectors (SDs) of the Telescope Array Experiment using the data taken in our first 2.3-year observation from May 27, 2008 to September 7, 2010. A hybrid air shower reconstruction technique is employed to improve accuracies in determination of arrival directions and primary energies of cosmic rays using both FD and SD data. The energy spectrum presented here is in agreement with our previously published spectra and the HiRes results.

Statement of the automatic speech recognition problem, the assignment of speech recognition and the application fields are shown in the paper. At the same time as Azerbaijan speech, the establishment principles of speech recognition system and the problems arising in the system are investigated. The computing algorithms of speech features, being the main part of speech recognition system, are analyzed. From this point of view, the determination algorithms of Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) coefficients expressing the basic speech features are developed. Combined use of cepstrals of MFCC and LPC in speech recognition system is suggested to improve the reliability of speech recognition system. To this end, the recognition system is divided into MFCC and LPC-based recognition subsystems. The training and recognition processes are realized in both subsystems separately, and recognition system gets the decision being the same results of each subsystems. This results in decrease of error rate during recognition. The training and recognition processes are realized by artificial neural networks in the automatic speech recognition system. The neural networks are trained by the conjugate gradient method. In the paper the problems observed by the number of speech features at training the neural networks of MFCC and LPC-based speech recognition subsystems are investigated. The variety of results of neural networks trained from different initial points in training process is analyzed. Methodology of combined use of neural networks trained from different initial points in speech recognition system is suggested to improve the reliability of recognition system and increase the recognition quality, and obtained practical results are shown., {"references":["K.R.Ayda-zade, S.S.Rustamov. Research of Cepstral Coefficients\nfor Azerbaijan speech recognition system. Transactions of\nAzerbaijan National Academy of sciences.\"Informatics and control\nproblems\". Volume XXV, №3. Baku, 2005, p.89-94.","K.Р.Айда-заде, Э.Э.Мустафаев. Об оптимизации параметров\nнейронной сети на этапе ее обучения / Труды\nРеспубликанской научной конференции «Современные\nпроблемы информатизации, кибернетики и информационных\nтехнологий», том I, Баку, 2003, с. 118-121.","Mikael Nilsson,Marcus Ejnarsson. \"Speech Recognition using\nHidden Markov Model\".Department of Telecommunications and\nSpeech Processing, Blekinge Institute of Technology. 2002.\nhttp://www.hh.se/staff/maej/publications/MSc Thesis - MiMa.pdf","Group 622 \"On Speaker Verification\". 2004. 198 p.\nhttp://www.control.auc.dk/~jhve02/report_inf6.pdf","А.Б.Сергиенко. Цифровая обработка сигналов. СПб.: Питер,\n2002, 608 с.","ETSI ES 201 108 v1.1.2 (2000-04). \"Speech Processing,\nTransmission and Quality aspects(STQ); distributed speech\nrecognition; Front-end feature extraction algorithm; Compression\nalgorithms\". 20 p.\nhttp://www.3gpp.org/ftp/TSG_SA/TSG_SA/TSGS_13/docs/PDF/S\nP-010566.pdf","Bengt Mandersson. Chapter 4. \"Signal Modeling\".Department of\nElectroscience. Lund University. August 2005.\nhttp://www.tde.lth.se/ugradcourses/osb/osb05_f2_a4.pdf","Bengt Mandersson. Chapter 5. \"Levinson-Durbin Recursion\".\nDepartment of Electroscience. Lund University. September 2005.\nhttp://www.tde.lth.se/ugradcourses/osb/osb05_f3_a4.pdf","Group 11. Tejaswini Hebalkar, Lee Hotraphinyo, Richard Tseng.\n\"Voice Recognition and Identification System\". Digital\ncommunications and Signal Processing Systems Design. June\n2000.\nhttp://www.ece.cmu.edu/~ee551/Final_Reports/Gr11.551.S00.pdf\n[10] Bengt Mandersson. Chapter 4. \"Signal Modeling\".Department of\nElectroscience. Lund University. August 2005.\nhttp://www.tde.lth.se/ugradcourses/osb/osb05_f2_a4.pdf [11] Химмельблау Д. Прикладное нелинейное программирование.\nМ.: Мир, 1975, 534 с."]}

There is limited information regarding the effects of interactive virtual reality (VR) games on psychological and physical well-being among adults with physical disabilities. We aimed to examine the impact of VR games on psychological well-being, upper limb motor function and reaction time in adults with physical disabilities.Fifteen participants completed the intervention using Wii VR games in this pilot study. Depressive, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) and Capabilities of Upper Extremity (CUE) questionnaires were used to measure psychological well-being and upper limb motor function respectively. Upper limb reaction time was measured using reaction time test.Results showed that there was a significant difference (p0.05) in DASS questionnaire and average reaction time score after intervention.There is a potential for using interactive VR games as an exercise tool to improve psychological wellbeing and upper limb reaction time among adults with disabilities.

The stability of the gain of the photomultiplier (PMT) camera for the Fluorescence Detector (FD) of the Telescope Array experiment was monitored using an 241 Am loaded scintillator pulsers (YAP) and a diffused xenon flasher (TXF) for a selected set of 35 PMT-readout channels. From the monitoring of YAP pulses over four years of FD operation, we found slow monotonic drifts of PMT gains at a rate of −1.7~+1.7%/year. An average of the PMT gains over the 35 channels stayed nearly constant with a rate of change measured at −0.01±0.31(stat)±0.21(sys)%/year. No systematic decrease of the PMT gain caused by the night sky background was observed. Monitoring by the TXF also tracked the PMT gain drift of the YAP at 0.88±0.14(stat)%/year.