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Gain monitoring of telescope array photomultiplier cameras for the first 4 years of operation

Authors :
Y. Uchihori
X. Zhou
B. G. Cheon
Takaaki Ishii
T. Kanbe
Robert M. Anderson
J. Martineau
D. C. Rodriguez
Grigory Rubtsov
Isaac Myers
Y. Kobayashi
A. L. Sampson
S. Kawakami
H. Yoshii
K. Tsutsumi
H. Tokuno
Yuichiro Tameda
John N. Matthews
L. M. Scott
Y. Hayashi
Hiroyuki Sagawa
J. D. Smith
Takayuki Tomida
K. Kitamoto
R. Azuma
T. Matsuura
Mayuko Minamino
K. Honda
Yasunori Kitamura
S. Yoshida
Vladim Kuzmin
R. Zollinger
R. Aida
Masaaki Tanaka
Hideaki Shimodaira
K. Hibino
Yoshiki Tsunesada
K. Yamazaki
Daisuke Ikeda
Fumiya Shibata
Tareq Abu-Zayyad
R. Yamane
R. Ishimori
S. R. Stratton
Ben Stokes
Tiffany Wong
T.-A. Shibata
Gordon Thomson
Tom Stroman
Robert Cady
T. Fukuda
Takeshi Okuda
Igor Tkachev
Masaki Fukushima
T. Shirahama
S. Y. Roh
Hyun-Il Kim
S. Kitamura
M. Allen
T. Matsuyama
Samuel Blake
E. J. Cho
Y. Kondo
Shoichi Ogio
K. Oki
Michiyuki Chikawa
Inkyu Park
K. Nagasawa
Shingo Kawana
T. Fujii
Eiji Kido
William Hanlon
Sergey Troitsky
S. Machida
R. W. Springer
J. I. Shin
Naoaki Hayashida
Y. Tsuyuguchi
Maxim Pshirkov
Kiyoshi Tanaka
Elliott Barcikowski
Dmitri Ivanov
H. Fujii
K. Hayashi
H. Kawai
K. Kasahara
Fumio Kakimoto
Tomohiro Matsuda
K. Ikuta
Nobuyuki Sakurai
Akitoshi Oshima
K. Kobayashi
Shunsuke Ozawa
John Belz
Y. Murano
Pierre Sokolsky
M. Takeda
Shigehiro Nagataki
K. Kuramoto
Yasuhiro H. Takahashi
Masato Takita
Zach Zundel
O. Kalashev
T. Iguchi
M. Wood
P. Tinyakov
Y. Yamakawa
K. Martens
Hideki Tanaka
Y. J. Kwon
Toshiyuki Nonaka
Hiroshi Yamaoka
Hideyuki Ohoka
J. Yang
H. Ukai
Priti Shah
K. Miyata
Hongsu Kim
Bokkyun Shin
Akimichi Taketa
S. Suzuki
Douglas Bergman
D. Oku
K. Hiyama
Y. Yoneda
N. Inoue
S. I. Lim
M. Ohnishi
S. Udo
C. C. H. Jui
S. B. Thomas
S. W. Nam
W. R. Cho
Toru Nakamura
Kenichi Kadota
Y. Wada
T. J. Sonley
S. Iwamoto
G. Vasiloff
Jyunsei Chiba
Dongsu Ryu
J. H. Kim
Source :
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 768:96-103
Publication Year :
2014
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2014.

Abstract

The stability of the gain of the photomultiplier (PMT) camera for the Fluorescence Detector (FD) of the Telescope Array experiment was monitored using an 241 Am loaded scintillator pulsers (YAP) and a diffused xenon flasher (TXF) for a selected set of 35 PMT-readout channels. From the monitoring of YAP pulses over four years of FD operation, we found slow monotonic drifts of PMT gains at a rate of −1.7~+1.7%/year. An average of the PMT gains over the 35 channels stayed nearly constant with a rate of change measured at −0.01±0.31(stat)±0.21(sys)%/year. No systematic decrease of the PMT gain caused by the night sky background was observed. Monitoring by the TXF also tracked the PMT gain drift of the YAP at 0.88±0.14(stat)%/year.

Details

ISSN :
01689002
Volume :
768
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....0cda23ed5471d133cd423fd124111d36
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.09.059