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1. Search for diffuse neutrino flux from astrophysical sources with MACRO

Author: Ioannis Katsavounidis, R. Caruso, D. Levin, F. Guarino, G. Sirri, P. Pistilli, B. C. Choudhary, R. Pazzi, S. Petrera, M. Giorgini, D. G. Michael, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, C. W. Walter, F. Cafagna, M. De Vincenzi, E. Kearns, Hyun-Chul Kim, I. De Mitri, F.J. Ronga, C. Satriano, Maximiliano Sioli, C. R. Bower, L. R. Sulak, P. Serra, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, M. Brigida, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, C. De Marzo, M. N. Mazziotta, V. Togo, A. Rainò, C. Forti, M. J. Longo, S. Cecchini, Np Longley, R. Steinberg, A. Rrhioua, G. Giacomelli, C. Bemporad, J. A. Musser, C. E. Lane, C. Favuzzi, C. W. Peck, Roberto Bellotti, M. Vakili, D. Martello, L. Patrizii, V. Popa, Yvonne Becherini, A. Di Credico, D. Campana, Fabrizio Cei, R. Antolini, S. Kyriazopoulou, R.M. Heinz, Alec Habig, F. Maaroufi, G. de Cataldo, Donato Nicolo, G. Osteria, G. Battistoni, G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, R. C. Webb, M. Ambrosio, E. Lamanna, G. C. Barbarino, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, D. Bakari, R. Nolty, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M. Spinetti, Marco Monteno, Andrea Carlo Marini, L. Perrone, Annarita Margiotta, Eugenio Scapparone, G. Giannini, Barry C. Barish, N. Giglietto, H. Dekhissi, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, C. Orth, O. Erriquez, G. Mandrioli, M. Cozzi, A. A. Grillo, S. Coutu, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, Erik Katsavounidis, S. L. Mufson, V. Chiarella, P. Monacelli, M. Carboni, J. L. Stone, F. Loparco, Paolo Lipari, M. Grassi, J. Derkaoui, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, P. Bernardini, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, E. Iarocci, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rrhioua A., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., Webb R., Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., M., Ambrosio, Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, Macro, Collaboration, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, D., Bakari, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, R., Caruso, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, M., Cozzi, G. D., Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C. D., Marzo, I. D., Mitri, J., Derkaoui, M. D., Vincenzi, A. D., Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, A., Rrhioua, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra, M., Sioli, G., Sirri, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle, V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Subjects: HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, grbs, FOS: Physical sciences, PROPAGATION, Astrophysics, agns, LIMIT, neutrino, AGN, Neutrino oscillation, DETECTOR, Astroparticle physics, Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, GRB, Solar neutrino problem, Neutrino, AGNs, GRBs, Neutrino detector, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino astronomy
Abstract: Many galactic and extragalactic astrophysical sources are currently considered promising candidates as high energy neutrino emitters. Astrophysical neutrinos can be detected as upward-going muons produced in charged-current interactions with the medium surrounding the detector. The expected neutrino fluxes from various models start to dominate on the atmospheric neutrino background at neutrino energies above some tens of TeV. We present the results of a search for an excess of high energy upward-going muons among the sample of data collected by MACRO during ~5.8 years of effective running time. No significant evidence for this signal was found. As a consequence, an upper limit on the flux of upward-going muons from high-energy neutrinos was set at the level of 1.7 10^(-14) cm^(-2) s^(-1) sr^(-1). The corresponding upper limit for the diffuse neutrino flux was evaluated assuming a neutrino power law spectrum. Our result was compared with theoretical predictions and upper limits from other experiments., 19 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2003

2. Measurements of atmospheric muon neutrino oscillations, global analysis of the data collected with MACRO detector

Author: Giuseppe Osteria, U. Denni, Annarita Margiotta, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, M. Spinetti, G. de Cataldo, Andrea Carlo Marini, D. Bakari, Maximiliano Sioli, C. E. Lane, V. Chiarella, V. Togo, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, R. Pazzi, C. Satriano, M. N. Mazziotta, C. W. Peck, J. Derkauoi, M. Giorgini, Gregory Tarle, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, C. W. Walter, E. Kearns, D. Levin, P. Monacelli, E. Iarocci, D. G. Michael, A. Mengucci, G. Battistoni, G. Mancarella, G. C. Barbarino, Maurizio Spurio, S. Coutu, D. Cosson, R.M. Heinz, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, C. Forti, Frederic Jean Ronga, M. Grassi, G. Giannini, E. Lamanna, R. Nolty, B. C. Choudhary, M. De Vincenzi, G. Giacomelli, Shahid Manzoor, Roberto Bellotti, S P Mikheyev, A. Rainò, N. Giglietto, R. Steinberg, J. L. Stone, F. Loparco, Alec Habig, M. Vakili, C. Bemporad, F. Maaroufi, F. Guarino, G. Mandrioli, Halina Bilokon, Paolo Lipari, A. Frani, V. Popa, Hyun-Chul Kim, C. Orth, S. L. Mufson, M. Brigida, S. Petrera, R. Antolini, Donato Nicolo, L. Patrizii, A. A. Grillo, M. Ambrosio, M. J. Longo, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Marco Monteno, Yvonne Becherini, Fabrizio Cei, D. Martello, Ioannis Katsavounidis, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, F. Cafagna, A. Di Credico, S. Kyriazopoulou, R. C. Webb, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, C. De Marzo, J. A. Musser, L. Perrone, H. Dekhissi, Kate Scholberg, P. Bernardini, M. Carboni, A. Surdo, D. Campana, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, E. Katsavounidis, L. R. Sulak, Macro, Collaboration, Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, D., Bakari, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, Bernardini, Paolo, H., Bilokon, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, B. C., Choudhary, D., Cosson, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, U., Denni, J., Derkauoi, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, A., Frani, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroui, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, S., Manzoor, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, A., Mengucci, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo', R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, Perrone, Lorenzo, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino', J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle', V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, D. Bakari, A. Baldini, G. C. Barbarino, B. C. Barish, G. Battistoni, Y. Becherini, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, P. Bernardini, H. Bilokon, C. Bloise, C. Bower, M. Brigida, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, M. Carboni, S. Cecchini, bF. Cei, V. Chiarella, B. C. Choudhary, D. Cosson, S. Coutu, G. De Cataldo, H. Dekhissi, C. De Marzo, I. De Mitri, U. Denni, J. Derkauoi, M. De Vincenzi, A. Di Credico, C. Favuzzi, C. Forti, A. Frani, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, M. Giorgini, M. Grassi, A. Grillo, F. Guarino, C. Gustavino, A. Habig, K. Hanson, R. Heinz, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidi, I. Katsavounidi, E. Kearn, H. Kim, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, D. S. Levin, P. Lipari, M. J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Maaroufi, G. Mancarella, G. Mandrioli, S. Manzoor, A. Margiotta, A. Marini, D. Martello, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M. N. Mazziotta, A. Mengucci, D. G. Michael, S. Mikheyev, P. Monacelli, T. Montaruli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Nicolo, R. Nolty, C. Orth, G. Osteria, O. Palamara, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C. W. Peck, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, V. Popa, l A. Rain`o, J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, C. Satriano, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, M. Sioli, M. Sitta, nP. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, R. Steinberg, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarle’, V. Togo, M. Vakili, C. W. Walter, R. Webb, Giannini, Gianrossano, P., Bernardini, G., DE CATALDO, C., DE MARZO, I., DE MITRI, J., Derkaoui, DE VINCENZI, Mario, A., DI CREDICO, Alec, Habig, CHARLES E., Lane, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, D., Martello, A., MARZARI CHIESA, S., Mikheev, STUART L., Mufson, D., Nicolo, L., Perrone, A., Raino, and G., Tarle
Subjects: oscillazione di flavour, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Neutrini atmosferici, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, MACRO, muon neutrino, Nuclear physics, Muon neutrino, neutrino oscillation, Macro, Neutrino oscillation, Engineering (miscellaneous), Charged current, Astroparticle physics, Physics, neutrino oscillations, atmospheric neutrino, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Detector, esperimento sotterraneo, macro detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Atmospheric neutrino
Abstract: The final analysis of atmospheric neutrino events collected with the MACRO detector is presented. Three different classes of events, generated by neutrinos in different energy ranges, are studied looking at rates, angular distributions and estimated energies. The results are consistent for all the subsamples and indicate a flux deficit that depends on energy and pathlength of neutrinos. The no-oscillation hypothesis is excluded at about 5 standard deviations, while the hypothesis of muon neutrino oscillating in tau neutrino gives a satisfactory description of all data. The parameters with highest probability in a two flavour scenario are maximum mixing and Delta m^2 = 0.0023 eV^2. This result is independent of the absolute normalization of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes. The data can also be used to put experimental constrain on this normalization.
Published: 2004

3. Performance of the MACRO streamer tube system in the search for magnetic monopoles

Author: S. Coutu, E. Kearns, A. Rainò, Np Longley, Lawrence Sulak, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, A. Marzari-Chiesa, C. Bemporad, G. Ludlam, C. Orth, V. Chiarella, C. W. Peck, F.J. Ronga, P. Monacelli, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, V. Bisi, E. Lamanna, M. N. Mazziotta, M. Mittelbrunn, R. Baker, Marco Monteno, C. Bloise, M. Goretti, M. Severi, P. Fusco, C. Favuzzi, G. Osteria, S. Parlati, Andrea Carlo Marini, M. G. Castellano, F. Tassoni, G. Battistoni, S. Cecchini, Alec Habig, R.M. Heinz, Roberto Bellotti, C. W. Walter, A. Hawthorne, P. Serra-Lugaresi, R. Nolty, A. Corona, P. Guarnaccia, F. Guarino, Kael Hanson, L. Miller, D. Levin, C. Okada, H. G. Giannini, R. Steinberg, M. Spinetti, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, D. G. Michael, Vincenzo Patera, F. Sartogo, C. Forti, C. Eane, M. De Vincenzi, N. D. Pignatano, F. Cafagna, M. J. Longo, Marco Grassi, G. Giacomelli, J. T. Hong, C. Satriano, Donato Nicolo, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, A. A. Grillo, A. Baldini, P. Spinelli, I. De Mitri, S P Mikheyev, C. R. Bower, V. Valente, D. Martello, A. Sciubba, S. Petrera, V. Togo, Paolo Lipari, C. De Marzo, G. C. Barbarino, O. Palamara, M. Ambrosio, Fabrizio Cei, J. A. Musser, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Eugenio Scapparone, A. Di Credico, R. Antolini, G. de Cataldo, S. Kyriazopoulou, P. Pistilli, R. Pazzi, V. Popa, R. C. Webb, E. Iarocci, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, D. Campana, M. Carboni, J. L. Stone, Barry C. Barish, L. Satta, H. Dekhissi, N. Giglietto, G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, R. Liu, M. Calicchio, U. Rubizzo, Halina Bilokon, O. Erriquez, Erik Katsavounidis, P. Bernardini, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, A. Sanzgiri, Y. Lu, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini H.G., Giglietto N., Goretti M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Eane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Lu Y., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Mittelbrunn M., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rubizzo U., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Tassoni F., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, H. G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Eane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, R., Liu, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittelbrunn, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, F., Tassoni, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Tassoni, F, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Barbarino, Giancarlo, and Guarino, Fausto
Subjects: Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Detector, Magnetic monopole, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Time resolution, MACRO, Gran Sasso, Computational physics, Nuclear physics, Tube (fluid conveyance), Macro
Abstract: We describe the techniques chosen to search tor magnetic monopoles using the MACRO streamer tube sub-system. The hardware and the details of the analysis procedures will be discussed also. The results for slowly moving monopoles are reported from a first data taking period using only part of the detector. © 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 1995

4. Atmospheric neutrino oscillations from upward throughgoing muon multiple scattering in MACRO

Author: M. Carboni, D. Campana, A. Surdo, M. Giorgini, Vincenzo Patera, G. Giannini, C. Bloise, E. Kearns, C. Forti, M. Spinetti, A. Sciubba, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, A. Baldini, A. Rrhioua, G. Giacomelli, M. De Vincenzi, J. L. Stone, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, N. Giglietto, Mario Sitta, R.M. Heinz, E. Iarocci, C. Satriano, A. Di Credico, Annarita Margiotta, L. R. Sulak, Gregory Tarle, C. Gustavino, S P Mikheyev, Ashavani Kumar, F. Loparco, S. Kyriazopoulou, G. de Cataldo, D. Bakari, A. Rainò, D. Levin, C. Bemporad, R. Caruso, R. C. Webb, E. Katsavounidis, C. Orth, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, P. Serra, V. Popa, P. Bernardini, G. Mandrioli, Tommaso Chiarusi, M. Grassi, Yvonne Becherini, Fabrizio Cei, G. Sirri, C. W. Walter, M. Brigida, Michael J. Longo, Donato Nicolo, Giuseppe Osteria, Kate Scholberg, F. Cafagna, M. N. Mazziotta, D. Martello, Hyun-Chul Kim, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Marco Monteno, A. A. Grillo, Alec Habig, I. De Mitri, M. Cozzi, J. Derkaoui, Ioannis Katsavounidis, F. Maaroufi, G. C. Barbarino, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, P. Fusco, C. R. Bower, L. Perrone, Maximiliano Sioli, C. De Marzo, Eugenio Scapparone, R. Antolini, V. Togo, J. A. Musser, H. Dekhissi, Andrea Carlo Marini, Paolo Lipari, M. Vakili, Roberto Bellotti, G. Mancarella, R. Nolty, C. W. Peck, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, R. Pazzi, S. Coutu, Frederic Jean Ronga, S. L. Mufson, B. C. Choudhary, Shahid Manzoor, D. G. Michael, S. Petrera, Maurizio Spurio, R. Steinberg, M. Ambrosio, V. Chiarella, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, P. Monacelli, E. Lamanna, G Battistoni, C. E. Lane, L. Patrizii, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, E, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiarusi, T, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kumar, A, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Chiarusi T., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kumar A., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Manzoor S., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rrhioua A., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., Webb R., Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Mancarella, Giovanni, Perrone, Lorenzo, and Macro, Collaboration
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, Elastic scattering, Particle physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Scattering, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, MACRO, Gran Sasso, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Massless particle, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physique des particules élémentaires, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract: The energy of atmospheric neutrinos detected by MACRO was estimated using multiple coulomb scattering of upward throughgoing muons. This analysis allows a test of atmospheric neutrino oscillations, relying on the distortion of the muon energy distribution. These results have been combined with those coming from the upward throughgoing muon angular distribution only. Both analyses are independent of the neutrino flux normalization and provide strong evidence, above the 4 sigma level, in favour of neutrino oscillations., 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Physics Letters B
Published: 2003
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5. The measurement of upward going muons using the MACRO detector

Author: D. Martello, D. Campana, A. M. Baldini, P. Lipari, P. Pistilli, Kate Scholberg, Kael Hanson, Shahid Manzoor, C.W. Peck, P. Monacelli, L. De Benedictis, D.G. Michael, J. Musser, M. Ambrosio, O. Erriquez, S. L. Mufson, M. Sitta, L.R. Sulak, G. Giannini, G. Battistoni, M. Carboni, G. Giacomelli, O. Palamara, F. Cafagna, E. Iarocci, C. Gustavino, Marco Grassi, M. Calicchio, R. Pazzi, L. Gray, A. Sciubba, G. Tarle, L. Satta, S P Mikheyev, G.C. Barbarino, E. Lamanna, G. Osteria, S. Kyriazopoulou, S. Coutu, C. Orth, A. Marini, A. Sanzgiri, S. Cecchini, U. Rubizzo, Maurizio Spurio, C. Mazzotta, P. Bernardini, M. Castellano, J. Reynoldson, A. Di Credico, C. Aramo, N.P. Longley, F. Guarino, P. Spinelli, Teresa Montaruli, A. Marzari-Chiesa, F. Ronga, N. Giglietto, A. Hawthorne, G. Auriemma, G. Cunti, M. J. Longo, A. Habig, R.M. Heinz, Donato Nicolo, V. Bisi, C. W. Walter, E. Kearns, H. Bilokon, H. Dekhissi, V. Pugliese, V. Chiarella, P. Serra-Lugaresi, C. Favuzzi, M. Spinetti, M. Monteno, M.N. Mazziotta, L. Miller, D. Levin, C. Okada, R. Steinberg, Vincenzo Patera, E. Katsavounidis, A. Rainó, S. Petrera, S. Bussino, R. C. Webb, C. Bemporad, R. Nolty, G. Mandrioli, M. Severi, G. Mancarella, B.C. Barish, A. A. Grillo, C. Lane, C. Forti, V. Togo, G. De Cataldo, Eugenio Scapparone, M. De Vincenzi, V. Popa, P. Fusco, J.L. Stone, Maximiliano Sioli, C. R. Bower, C. Satriano, A. Surdo, A. Margiotta Neri, P. Guarnaccia, C. Bloise, C. De Marzo, R. Antolini, F. Maaroufi, L. Patrizii, I De Mitri, Fabrizio Cei, and R. Bellotti
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Solar neutrino problem, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Zenith
Abstract: The upward-going muon flux (Eμ > 1 GeV) has been measured with the underground detector MACRO at LNGS. The total number of measured events is compatible at the 8% c.l. with the expected one. Moreover, the zenith angular distribution of the measured flux does not match the expectation showing a deficit in the vertical direction where the apparatus performance is best known. Assuming an oscillation hypothesis with parameters in the range recently suggested to solve the atmospheric neutrino problem, the agreement increases, but not significantly. The results of an indirect dark matter search for a signal of WIMPs from the core of the Sun and of the Earth are given. Neutrino astronomy with MACRO is giving interesting results regarding possible high energy neutrino emission from pointlike sources and coincidences of neutrino events with γ-ray bursts.
Published: 1999

6. The cosmic ray proton,helium and CNO fluxes in the 100 TeV energy region from TeV muons and EAS atmospheric Cherenkov light observations of MACRO and EAS-TOP

Author: G. Giannini, F. Maaroufi, Ioannis Katsavounidis, G. C. Barbarino, G. Mandrioli, N. Giglietto, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, Eugenio Scapparone, M. De Vincenzi, L. Perrone, Teresa Montaruli, Gregory Tarle, L. R. Sulak, G. Battistoni, M. Cozzi, L. Patrizii, G. Cini, Hyun-Chul Kim, A. A. Grillo, V. Popa, Pietro Antonioli, F.J. Ronga, M. Ambrosio, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, F. Arneodo, H. Dekhissi, R. Nolty, S. Cecchini, Carlo Vigorito, A. Chiavassa, S. L. Mufson, M. Spinetti, C. Favuzzi, Donato Nicolo, M. Iacovacci, I. De Mitri, M. Vakili, R. Antolini, M. Giorgini, M. J. Longo, B. C. Choudhary, C. Satriano, G. de Cataldo, G. Navarra, C. R. Bower, R.M. Heinz, R. Caruso, E. Katsavounidis, F. Guarino, Kate Scholberg, Giuseppe Osteria, A. Marzari-Chiesa, D. Martello, E. Kearns, S. Petrera, P. Fusco, Marco Monteno, J. L. Stone, C. De Marzo, S. Valchierotti, O. Saavedra, J. Derkaoui, A. Stamerra, Vincenzo Patera, M. E. Bertaina, L. Bergamasco, C. Forti, P. Spinelli, Andrea Carlo Marini, Kael Hanson, Marco Aglietta, C. Orth, F. Loparco, R. Pazzi, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, J. A. Musser, A. Sciubba, Np Longley, G. Giacomelli, M. Brigida, A. Baldini, P. Galeotti, C. E. Lane, O. Erriquez, Maurizio Spurio, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, S. Vernetto, P. L. Ghia, D. Campana, C. W. Peck, G. Sirri, E. Lamanna, Tommaso Chiarusi, Alec Habig, M. Grassi, D. G. Michael, M. Carboni, A. Rainò, C. Morello, C. Bemporad, W. Fulgione, F. Cafagna, R. Steinberg, M. N. Mazziotta, Maximiliano Sioli, Yvonne Becherini, Fabrizio Cei, G. Mannocchi, A. Di Credico, S. Kyriazopoulou, P. Vallania, V. Togo, Bruno Alessandro, Roberto Bellotti, D. Levin, A. Surdo, R. C. Webb, P. Bernardini, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, Antonella Castellina, Annarita Margiotta, Carlotta Castagnoli, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, V. Chiarella, P. Monacelli, S. Coutu, G. C. Trinchero, E. Iarocci, G. Di Sciascio, Paolo Lipari, C. W. Walter, Aglietta M., Alessandro B., Antonioli P., Arneodo F., Bergamasco L., Bertaina M., Castagnoli C., Castellina A., Chiavassa A., Cini G., D'Ettorre Piazzoli B., di Sciascio G., Fulgione W., Galeotti P., Ghia P. L., Iacovacci M., Mannocchi G., Morello C., Navarra G., Saavedra O., Stamerra A., Trinchero G. C., Valchierotti S., Vallania P., Vernetto S., Vigorito C., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Baldini A., Barbarino G. C., Barish B. C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Chiarusi T., Choudhary B. C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D. S., Lipari P., Longley N. P., Longo M. J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M. N., Michael D. G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolò D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C. W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Popa V., Rainò A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J. L., Sulak L. R., Surdo A., Tarlé G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C. W., Webb R., M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, G., Cini, B., D'Ettorre Piazzoli, G., Di Sciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, M., Iacovacci, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, O., Saavedra, A., Stamerra, G. C., Trinchero, S., Valchierotti, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, C., Vigorito, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, Bernardini, Paolo, H., Bilokon, C., Bower, M., Brigida, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, R., Caruso, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, T., Chiarusi, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, M., Cozzi, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, J., Derkaoui, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo', R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, Perrone, Lorenzo, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino', J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, M., Sioli, G., Sirri, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle', V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, Iacovacci, Michele, Aglietta, M, Alessandro, B, Antonioli, P, Arneodo, F, Bergamasco, L, Bertaina, M, Castagnoli, C, Castellina, A, Chiavassa, A, Cini, G, Piazzoli, Bd, Di Sciascio, G, Fulgione, W, Galeotti, P, Ghia, Pl, Iacovacci, M, Mannocchi, G, Morello, C, Navarra, G, Saavedra, O, Stamerra, A, Trinchero, Gc, Valchierotti, S, Vallania, P, Vernetto, S, Vigorito, C, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiarusi, T, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Macro, and EAS TOP, Collaborations
Subjects: Proton, EAS-TOP, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Nuclear physics, Raggi cosmici, cosmic rays, Cosmic rays, composition, high energies, extensive air showers, underground muons, Cherenkov radiation, Helium, Astroparticle physics, Physics, Muon, Cherenkov detectors, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Sciami estesi, chemistry, Muoni sotterranei, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon, Composizione
Abstract: The primary cosmic ray (CR) proton, helium and CNO fluxes in the energy range 80-300 TeV are studied at the National Gran Sasso Laboratories by means of EAS-TOP (Campo Imperatore, 2005 m a.s.l.) and MACRO (deep underground, 3100 m w.e., the surface energy threshold for a muon reaching the detector being E-mu(th) approximate to 1.3 TeV). The measurement is based on: (a) the selection of primaries based on their energy/nucleon (i.e., with energy/nucleon sufficient to produce a muon with energy larger than 1.3 TeV) and the reconstruction of the shower geometry by means of the muons recorded by MACRO in the deep underground laboratories; (b) the detection of the associated atmospheric Cherenkov light (C.l.) signals by means of the C.l. detector of EAS-TOP. The C.l. density at core distance r > 100 m is directly related to the total primary energy E-0. Proton and helium ("p + He") and proton, helium and CNO ("p + He + CNO") primaries are thus selected at E-0 approximate to 80 TeV, and at E-0 similar or equal to 250 TeV, respectively. Their flux is measured: J(p+He)(80 TeV) = (1.8 +/- 0.4) x 10(-6) m(-1)-s(-1) sr(-1) TeV-1, and J(p+He+CNO)(250 TeV) = (1.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-7) m(-2)-s(-1) sr(-1) TeV-1, their relative weights being J(p+He)(J(p+He+CNO)) over bar (250 TeV) = 0.78 +/- 0.17. By using the measurements of the proton spectrum obtained from the direct experiments and hadron flux data in the atmosphere, we obtain for the relative weights of the three components at 250 TeV: J(p) : J(He) : J(CNO) = (0.20 +/- 0.08) : (0.58 +/- 0.19) : (0.22 +/- 0.17). This corresponds to the dominance of helium over proton primaries at 100-1000 TeV, and a possible non-negligible contribution from CNO. The lateral distribution of Cherenkov light in Extensive Air Showers (EASs), which is related to the rate of energy deposit of the primary in the atmosphere, is measured for a selected proton and helium primary beam, and good agreement is found when compared with the one calculated with the CORSIKA/QGSJET simulation model. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2004

7. Search for stellar gravitational collapses with the MACRO detector

Author: M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, D. Bakari, A. Baldini, G. C. Barbarino, B. C. Barish, G. Battistoni, Y. Becherini, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, H. Bilokon, C. Bloise, C. Bower, M. Brigida, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, M. Carboni, S. Cecchini, F. Cei, V. Chiarella, B. C. Choudhary, D. Cosson, S. Coutu, G. De Cataldo, H. Dekhissi, C. De Marzo, U. Denni, J. Derkauoi, M. De Vincenzi, A. Di Credico, C. Favuzzi, C. Forti, A. Frani, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, M. Giorgini, M. Grassi, A. Grillo, F. Guarino, C. Gustavino, A. Habig, K. Hanson, R. Heinz, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidis, I. Katsavounidis, E. Kearns, H. Kim, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, D. S. Levin, P. Lipari, M. J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Maaroui, G. Mandrioli, S. Manzoor, A. Margiotta, A. Marini, A. Marzari Chiesa, M. N. Mazziotta, A. Mengucci, D. G. Michael, S. Mikheyev, P. Monacelli, T. Montaruli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Nicolo', R. Nolty, C. Orth, G. Osteria, O. Palamara, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C. W. Peck, S. Petrera, V. Popa, A. Raino', J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, C. Satriano, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, M. Sioli, M. Sitta, P. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, R. Steinberg, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarle', V. Togo, M. Vakili, C. W. Walter, R. Webb, BERNARDINI, Paolo, DE MITRI, Ivan, MANCARELLA, Giovanni, MARTELLO, Daniele, PERRONE, Lorenzo, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, D., Bakari, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, Bernardini, Paolo, H., Bilokon, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, B. C., Choudhary, D., Cosson, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, U., Denni, J., Derkauoi, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, A., Frani, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroui, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, S., Manzoor, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, A., Mengucci, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo', R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, Perrone, Lorenzo, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino', J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle', V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Subjects: neutrino, MACRO, Collasso stellare gravitazionale, supernova galattica, esperimento sotterraneo
Abstract: We present the final results of the search for stellar gravitational collapses obtained by the MACRO experiment. The detector was active for a stellar collapse search for more than 11 years and it was sensitive to collapses occurring all over in our galaxy for 8.6 years. A real time system for a prompt recognition of neutrino bursts was developed and was operating on-line for almost the whole life of the experiment. No signal compatible with a neutrino burst from a galactic supernova was observed.
Published: 2004

8. Search for stellar gravitational collapses with the MACRO detector

Author: F. Maaroufi, D. G. Michael, Maximiliano Sioli, F. Loparco, C. Satriano, Chiarella, Gregory Tarle, C. Forti, Maurizio Spurio, G. Giacomelli, J. Derkaoui, R Pazzi, E. Lamanna, Donato Nicolo, Np Longley, Kate Scholberg, P. Spinelli, Halina Bilokon, Kael Hanson, R. Steinberg, C. E. Lane, A. Di Credico, L. Perrone, Alec Habig, M. Cozzi, M. Ambrosio, S. Kyriazopoulou, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, A. Marzari-Chiesa, F.J. Ronga, D. Levin, C. W. Walter, Marco Monteno, H. Dekhissi, E. Iarocci, C. Bloise, Jl Stone, P. Fusco, R. C. Webb, R.M. Heinz, M. Vakili, Andrea Carlo Marini, G. Battistoni, L. R. Sulak, G. C. Barbarino, M. Spinetti, S. L. Mufson, Patera, G. Sirri, M. J. Longo, Roberto Bellotti, Annarita Margiotta, P. Bernardini, Paolo Lipari, C. W. Peck, M. Giorgini, Eugenio Scapparone, R. Nolty, Giuseppe Osteria, M. De Vincenzi, D. Martello, Fabrizio Cei, E. Katsavounidis, M. Grassi, A. Rainò, F. Cafagna, Mn Mazziotta, M. Brigida, C. Bemporad, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, E. Kearns, M. Carboni, C. De Marzo, D. Campana, J. A. Musser, Popa, A. Surdo, Ioannis Katsavounidis, C. Orth, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, B. C. Choudhary, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, S. Petrera, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, G. de Cataldo, S. Coutu, Togo, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Antolini, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, P. Monacelli, G. Mandrioli, L. Patrizii, A. A. Grillo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Russo, Stefano, M., Ambrosio, M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, A. Baldini, G. C. Barbarino, B. C. Barish, G. Battistoni, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, P. Bernardini, H. Bilokon, C. Bloise, C. Bower, M. Brigida, S. Bussino, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, M. Carboni, S. Cecchini, F. Cei, V. Chiarella, B. C. Choudhary, S.Coutu, M. Cozzi, G. De Cataldo, H. Dekhi, C. De Marzo, I. De Mitri, J. Derkaoui, M. De Vincenzi, A. Di Credico, C. Favuzzi, C. Forti, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, M. Giorgini, M. Grassi, A. Grillo, C.Gustavino, A. Habig, K. Hanson, R. Heinz, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidi, I. Katsavounidi, E. Kearn, H. Kim, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, D. S. Levin, P. Lipari, N. P. Longley, M. J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Maaroufi, G. Mancarella, G. Mandrioli, A. Margiotta, A. Marini, D. Martello, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M. N. Mazziotta, D. G. Michael, P. Monacelli, T. Montaruli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Nicolo', R. Nolty, C. Orth, G. Osteria, O. Palamara, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C. W. Peck, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, V. Popa, A. Raino', J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, C. Satriano, E. Scapparone, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, M. Sioli, G. Sirri, M. Sitta, P. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, R. Steinberg, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarle', V. Togo, M. Vakili, C. W. Walter, and R. Webb
Subjects: Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Signal, Galaxy, Gravitation, Supernova, Gravitational collapse, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Neutrino, Macro, Engineering (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the final results of the search for stellar gravitational collapses obtained by the MACRO experiment. The detector was active for a stellar collapse search for more than 11 years and it was sensitive to collapses occurring all over in our galaxy for 8.6 years. A real time system for a prompt recognition of neutrino bursts was developed and was operating on-line for almost the whole life of the experiment. No signal compatible with a neutrino burst from a galactic supernova was observed.
Published: 2004

9. Search for stellar gravitational collapses with the MACRO detector

Author: M. AMBROSIO, R. ANTOLINI, A. BALDINI, G. C. BARBARINO, B. C. BARISH, G. BATTISTONI, R. BELLOTTI, C. BEMPORAD, P. BERNARDINI, H. BILOKON, C. BLOISE, C. BOWER, M. BRIGIDA, BUSSINO, Severino Angelo Maria, F. CAFAGNA, D. CAMPANA, M. CARBONI, S. CECCHINI, F. CEI, V. CHIARELLA, B. C. CHOUDHARY, S. COUTU, M. COZZI, G. DE CATALDO, H. DEKHISSI, C. DE MARZO, I. DE MITRI, J. DERKAOUI, A. DI CREDICO, C. FAVUZZI, C. FORTI, P. FUSCO, G. GIACOMELLI, G. GIANNINI, N. GIGLIETTO, M. GIORGINI, M. GRASSI, A. GRILLO, C. GUSTAVINO, ALEC HABIG, K. HANSON, R. HEINZ, E. IAROCCI, E. KATSAVOUNIDIS, I. KATSAVOUNIDIS, E. KEARNS, H. KIM, S. KYRIAZOPOULOU, E. LAMANNA, C. LANE, D. S. LEVIN, P. LIPARI, N. P. LONGLEY, M. J. LONGO, F. LOPARCO, F. MAAROUFI, G. MANCARELLA, G. MANDRIOLI, A. MARGIOTTA, A. MARINI, D. MARTELLO, A. MARZARI CHIESA, M. N. MAZZIOTTA, D. G. MICHAEL, P. MONACELLI, T. MONTARULI, M. MONTENO, STUART L. MUFSON, J. MUSSER, D. NICOLO, R. NOLTY, C. ORTH, G. OSTERIA, O. PALAMARA, V. PATERA, L. PATRIZII, R. PAZZI, C. W. PECK, L. PERRONE, S. PETRERA, V. POPA, A. RAINO, J. REYNOLDSON, F. RONGA, C. SATRIANO, E. SCAPPARONE, K. SCHOLBERG, A. SCIUBBA, M. SIOLI, M. SITTA, P. SPINELLI, M. SPINETTI, M. SPURIO, R. STEINBERG, J. L. STONE, L. R. SULAK, A. SURDO, G. TARLE, V. TOGO, M. VAKILI, C. W. WALTER, R. WEBB, DE VINCENZI, Mario, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, M., Cozzi, G., DE CATALDO, H., Dekhissi, C., DE MARZO, I., DE MITRI, J., Derkaoui, DE VINCENZI, Mario, A., DI CREDICO, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, C., Gustavino, Alec, Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., MARZARI CHIESA, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, STUART L., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle, V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Published: 2004

10. The cosmic ray proton, helium and CNO fluxes in the 100-TeV energy region from TeV muons and EAS atmospheric Cherenkov light observations of MACRO and EAS-TOP

Author: M. AGLIETTA, B. ALESSANDRO, P. ANTONIOLI, F. ARNEODO, L. BERGAMASCO, M. BERTAINA, C. CASTAGNOLI, A. CASTELLINA, A. CHIAVASSA, G. CINI CASTAGNOLI, B. D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, G. DI SCIASCIO, W. FULGIONE, P. GALEOTTI, P. L. GHIA, M. IACOVACCI, G. MANNOCCHI, C. MORELLO, G. NAVARRA, O. SAAVEDRA, A. STAMERRA, G. C. TRINCHERO, S. VALCHIEROTTI, P. VALLANIA, S. VERNETTO, C. VIGORITO, M. AMBROSIO, R. ANTOLINI, A. BALDINI, G. C. BARBARINO, B. C. BARISH, G. BATTISTONI, Y. BECHERINI, R. BELLOTTI, C. BEMPORAD, P. BERNARDINI, H. BILOKON, C. BOWER, M. BRIGIDA, BUSSINO, Severino Angelo Maria, F. CAFAGNA, M. CALICCHIO, D. CAMPANA, M. CARBONI, R. CARUSO, S. CECCHINI, F. CEI, V. CHIARELLA, T. CHIARUSI, B. C. CHOUDHARY, S. COUTU, M. COZZI, G. DE CATALDO, H. DEKHISSI, C. DE MARZO, I. DE MITRI, J. DERKAOUI, A. DI CREDICO, O. ERRIQUEZ, C. FAVUZZI, C. FORTI, P. FUSCO, G. GIACOMELLI, G. GIANNINI, N. GIGLIETTO, M. GIORGINI, M. GRASSI, A. GRILLO, F. GUARINO, C. GUSTAVINO, ALEC HABIG, K. HANSON, R. HEINZ, E. IAROCCI, E. KATSAVOUNIDIS, I. KATSAVOUNIDIS, E. KEARNS, H. KIM, S. KYRIAZOPOULOU, E. LAMANNA, CHARLES E. LANE, D. S. LEVIN, P. LIPARI, N. P. LONGLEY, M. J. LONGO, F. LOPARCO, F. MAAROUFI, G. MANCARELLA, G. MANDRIOLI, A. MARGIOTTA, A. MARINI, D. MARTELLO, A. MARZARI CHIESA, M. N. MAZZIOTTA, D. G. MICHAEL, P. MONACELLI, T. MONTARULI, M. MONTENO, STUART L. MUFSON, J. MUSSER, D. NICOLO, R. NOLTY, C. ORTH, G. OSTERIA, O. PALAMARA, V. PATERA, L. PATRIZII, R. PAZZI, C. W. PECK, L. PERRONE, S. PETRERA, V. POPA, A. RAINO, J. REYNOLDSON, F. RONGA, C. SATRIANO, E. SCAPPARONE, K. SCHOLBERG, A. SCIUBBA, M. SIOLI, G. SIRRI, M. SITTA, P. SPINELLI, M. SPINETTI, M. SPURIO, R. STEINBERG, J. L. STONE, L. R. SULAK, A. SURDO, G. TARLE, V. TOGO, M. VAKILI, C. W. WALTER, R. WEBB, DE VINCENZI, Mario, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, G., CINI CASTAGNOLI, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, G., DI SCIASCIO, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, M., Iacovacci, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, O., Saavedra, A., Stamerra, G. C., Trinchero, S., Valchierotti, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, C., Vigorito, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, C., Bower, M., Brigida, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, R., Caruso, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, T., Chiarusi, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, M., Cozzi, G., DE CATALDO, H., Dekhissi, C., DE MARZO, I., DE MITRI, J., Derkaoui, DE VINCENZI, Mario, A., DI CREDICO, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, C., Gustavino, Alec, Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, CHARLES E., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., MARZARI CHIESA, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, STUART L., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, M., Sioli, G., Sirri, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle, V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: The primary cosmic ray (CR) proton, helium and CNO fluxes in the energy range 80-300 TeV are studied at the National Gran Sasso Laboratories by means of EAS-TOP (Campo Imperatore, 2005 m a.s.l.) and MACRO (deep underground, 3100 m w.e., the surface energy threshold for a muon reaching the detector being Eμth~1.3 TeV). The measurement is based on: (a) the selection of primaries based on their energy/nucleon (i.e., with energy/nucleon sufficient to produce a muon with energy larger than 1.3 TeV) and the reconstruction of the shower geometry by means of the muons recorded by MACRO in the deep underground laboratories; (b) the detection of the associated atmospheric Cherenkov light (C.l.) signals by means of the C.l. detector of EAS-TOP. The C.l. density at core distance r>100 m is directly related to the total primary energy E0. Proton and helium (``p+He'') and proton, helium and CNO (``p+He+CNO'') primaries are thus selected at E0~=80 TeV, and at E0~=250 TeV, respectively. Their flux is measured: Jp+He(80TeV)=(1.8+/-0.4)×10-6 m-2s-1sr-1TeV-1, and Jp+He+CNO(250TeV)=(1.1+/-0.3)×10-7 m-2s-1sr-1TeV-1, their relative weights being: Jp+He/Jp+He+CNO(250TeV)=0.78+/-0.17. By using the measurements of the proton spectrum obtained from the direct experiments and hadron flux data in the atmosphere, we obtain for the relative weights of the three components at 250 TeV: Jp:JHe:JCNO=(0.20+/-0.08):(0.58+/-0.19):(0.22+/-0.17). This corresponds to the dominance of helium over proton primaries at 100-1000 TeV, and a possible non-negligible contribution from CNO. The lateral distribution of Cherenkov light in Extensive Air Showers (EASs), which is related to the rate of energy deposit of the primary in the atmosphere, is measured for a selected proton and helium primary beam, and good agreement is found when compared with the one calculated with the CORSIKA/QGSJET simulation model.
Published: 2004

11. The Primary cosmic ray composition between 1015 and 1016 eV from extensive air showers electromagnetic and TeV muon data

Author: M. AGLIETTA, B. ALESSANDRO, P. ANTONIOLI, F. ARNEODO, L. BERGAMASCO, M. BERTAINA, C. CASTAGNOLI, A. CASTELLINA, A. CHIAVASSA, G. CINI, B. D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, G. DI SCIASCIO, W. FULGIONE, P. GALEOTTI, P. L. GHIA, M. IACOVACCI, G. MANNOCCHI, C. MORELLO, G. NAVARRA, O. SAAVEDRA, A. STAMERRA, G. C. TRINCHERO, S. VALCHIEROTTI, P. VALLANIA, S. VERNETTO, C. VIGORITO, M. AMBROSIO, R. ANTOLINI, A. BALDINI, G. C. BARBARINO, B. C. BARISH, GIUESEPP BATTISTONI, R. BELLOTTI, C. BEMPORAD, P. BERNARDINI, H. BILOKON, C. BLOISE, C. BOWER, M. BRIGIDA, F. CAFAGNA, D. CAMPANA, M. CARBONI, S. CECCHINI, F. CEI, B. C. CHOUDHARY, S. COUTU, G. DE CATALDO, H. DEKHISSI, C. DE MARZO, I. DE MITRI, A. DI CREDICO, C. FORTI, P. FUSCO, G. GIACOMELLI, G. GIANNINI, N. GIGLIETTO, M. GIORGINI, M. GRASSI, A. GRILLO, C. GUSTAVINO, ALEC HABIG, K. HANSON, R. HEINZ, E. IAROCCI, E. KATSAVOUNIDIS, I. KATSAVOUNIDIS, E. KEARNS, H. KIM, S. KYRIAZOPOULOU, E. LAMANNA, CHARLES E. LANE, D. S. LEVIN, P. LIPARI, M. J. LONGO, F. LOPARCO, F. MAAROUFI, G. MANCARELLA, G. MANDRIOLI, A. MARGIOTTA, A. MARINI, D. MARTELLO, A. MARZARI CHIESA, M. N. MAZZIOTTA, D. G. MICHAEL, P. MONACELLI, T. MONTARULI, M. MONTENO, STUART L. MUFSON, J. MUSSER, D. NICOLO, R. NOLTY, C. ORTH, G. OSTERIA, O. PALAMARA, V. PATERA, L. PATRIZII, R. PAZZI, C. W. PECK, L. PERRONE, S. PETRERA, V. POPA, A. RAINO, J. REYNOLDSON, F. RONGA, C. SATRIANO, E. SCAPPARONE, K. SCHOLBERG, A. SCIUBBA, M. SIOLI, M. SITTA, P. SPINELLI, M. SPINETTI, M. SPURIO, R. STEINBERG, J. L. STONE, L. R. SULAK, A. SURDO, G. TARLE, V. TOGO, M. VAKILI, C. W. WALTER, R. WEBB, DE VINCENZI, Mario, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, G., Cini, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, G., DI SCIASCIO, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, M., Iacovacci, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, O., Saavedra, A., Stamerra, G. C., Trinchero, S., Valchierotti, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, C., Vigorito, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, Giuesepp, Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, G., DE CATALDO, H., Dekhissi, C., DE MARZO, I., DE MITRI, DE VINCENZI, Mario, A., DI CREDICO, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, C., Gustavino, Alec, Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, CHARLES E., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., MARZARI CHIESA, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, STUART L., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle, V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Published: 2004

12. Atmospheric neutrino oscillations from upward through going muon multiple scattering in MACRO

Author: M. AMBROSIO, R. ANTOLINI, D. BAKARI, A. BALDINI, G. C. BARBARINO, B. C. BARISH, G. BATTISTONI, Y. BECHERINI, R. BELLOTTI, C. BEMPORAD, P. BERNARDINI, H. BILOKON, C. BOWER, M. BRIGIDA, BUSSINO, Severino Angelo Maria, F. CAFAGNA, M. CALICCHIO, D. CAMPANA, M. CARBONI, R. CARUSO, S. CECCHINI, F. CEI, V. CHIARELLA, T. CHIARUSI, B. C. CHOUDHARY, S. COUTU, M. COZZI, G. DE CATALDO, H. DEKHISSI, C. DE MARZO, I. DE MITRI, J. DERKAOUI, A. DI CREDICO, C. FAVUZZI, C. FORTI, P. FUSCO, G. GIACOMELLI, G. GIANNINI, N. GIGLIETTO, M. GIORGINI, M. GRASSI, A. GRILLO, C. GUSTAVINO, ALEC HABIG, K. HANSON, R. HEINZ, E. KATSAVOUNIDIS, I. KATSAVOUNIDIS, E. KEARNS, H. KIM, A. KUMAR, S. KYRIAZOPOULOU, E. LAMANNA, CHARLES E. LANE, D. S. LEVIN, P. LIPARI, M. J. LONGO, F. LOPARCO, F. MAAROUFI, G. MANCARELLA, G. MANDRIOLI, S. MANZOOR, A. MARGIOTTA, A. MARINI, D. MARTELLO, A. MARZARI CHIESA, M. N. MAZZIOTTA, D. G. MICHAEL, S. MIKHEYEV, P. MONACELLI, T. MONTARULI, M. MONTENO, STUART L. MUFSON, J. MUSSER, D. NICOLO, R. NOLTY, C. ORTH, G. OSTERIA, O. PALAMARA, L. PATRIZII, R. PAZZI, C. W. PECK, L. PERRONE, S. PETRERA, V. POPA, A. RAINO, J. REYNOLDSON, F. RONGA, A. RRHIOUA, C. SATRIANO, E. SCAPPARONE, K. SCHOLBERG, A. SCIUBBA, P. SERRA, M. SIOLI, G. SIRRI, M. SITTA, P. SPINELLI, M. SPINETTI, M. SPURIO, R. STEINBERG, J. L. STONE, L. R. SULAK, A. SURDO, G. TARLE, V. TOGO, M. VAKILI, C. W. WALTER, R. WEBB, DE VINCENZI, Mario, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, D., Bakari, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, C., Bower, M., Brigida, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, R., Caruso, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, T., Chiarusi, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, M., Cozzi, G., DE CATALDO, H., Dekhissi, C., DE MARZO, I., DE MITRI, J., Derkaoui, DE VINCENZI, Mario, A., DI CREDICO, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, C., Gustavino, Alec, Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, A., Kumar, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, CHARLES E., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, S., Manzoor, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., MARZARI CHIESA, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, STUART L., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, A., Rrhioua, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra, M., Sioli, G., Sirri, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle, V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Published: 2003

13. Searches for magnetic monopoles with the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso

Author: Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, O. Palamara, M. Carboni, B. C. Barish, J. Musser, P. Bernardini, James R. Stone, Ana Maria Marin, A. Hawthorne, M. G. Castellano, G. Battistoni, C. W. Peck, C. Rossi, J. L. Stone, Kael Hanson, M. Ambrosio, S. L. Mufson, L. Satta, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, G. Tarle, A. Margiotta-Neri, P. Pistilli, M. Severi, V. Valente, A. Rainò, R. Nolty, R. Pazzi, V. Chiarella, Marco Grassi, P. Serra Lugaresi, P. Guarnaccia, Edward Diehl, F. Sartogo, A. Sanzgiri, J. Petrakis, L. R. Sulak, G. Osteria, P. Monacelli, C. Bemporad, S. Coutu, V. Bisi, J. T. Hong, S. P. Ahlen, J. Reynoldson, R. Baker, Roberto Bellotti, F. Cafagna, R.M. Heinz, Y. Lu, Fabrizio Cei, Np Longley, G. C. Barbarino, Mario Sitta, D. G. Michael, C. Gustavino, Donato Nicolo, A. Di Credico, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, M. Mittelbrun, E. Katsavounidis, S. Parlati, S. Kyriazopoulou, Paolo Lipari, M. Spinetti, C. Forti, Eugenio Scapparone, C. E. Lane, V. Popa, G. Ludlam, R. C. Webb, Marco Monteno, S. Petrera, T. Bosio, P. F. Spada, R. Fantini, M. Sioli, G. Giacomelli, I. De Mitri, A. M. Baldini, C. Orth, C. R. Bower, C. Favuzzi, M. De Vincenzi, G.L. Sanzani, C. De Marzo, C. Satriano, M. Calicchio, G. Auriemma, M. J. Longo, F. Guarino, D. Campana, Halina Bilokon, G. Liu, S P Mikheyev, Mn Mazziotta, D. Martello, Kate Scholberg, R. Liu, W. A. Worstell, E. Iarocci, C. W. Walter, Robert A. Cormack, H. Dekhissi, A. A. Grillo, U. Rubizzo, B. Pavesi, T. Montaruli, O. Erriquez, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, F.J. Ronga, M. Goretti, A. Corona, R. Antolini, G. de Cataldo, L. Miller, D. Levin, G. Giannini, N. D. Pignatano, N. Giglietto, V. Togo, P. Matteuzzi, S. Cecchini, Alec Habig, G. Mamcarella, C. Okada, E. Kearns, A. Marzari-Chiesa, E. Lamanna, P. Spinelli, R. Steinberg, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, Andrea Carlo Marini, Paul J. Green, Ahlen, S, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Castellano, M, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Cormak, R, Corona, A, Coutu, S, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Diehl, E, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta Neri, A, Marin, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Matteuzzi, P, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrun, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, N, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rossi, C, Rubizzo, U, Sanzani, G, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra Luganesi, P, Severi, M, Sioli, M, Sitta, M, Spada, Pf, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R, and Worstell, W.
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Magnetic monopole, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Flux, MACRO, Scintillator, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Relativistic particle, Nuclear physics, Planar, Macro, Underground detector
Abstract: MACRO is a large area multiple component detector located deep underground in Hall B of the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. Its active components consist of tanks of liquid scintillator and planes of limited streamer tubes. In addition, there are two planar areas covered with passive track-etch plastics. The full detector measures 72 m × 12 m × 9.6 m providing a large sensitive area for the detection of penetrating particles. Multiple electronics systems provide triggering on particles over a wide range of velocities, in particular, for slowly moving massive particles such as grand unified magnetic monopoles. MACRO is sensitive to relativistic particles as well as ones whose velocities are as low as 10 −4 c. Various portions of the MACRO detector have been operational since 1989. Various data sets have been analyzed and although no monopoles have been found, stringent flux limits have been set using a variety of techniques. This paper summarizes the capabilities of MACRO for monopole detection and presents some experimental results which have been obtained to date.
Published: 1996

14. Search for lightly ionizing particles with the MACRO detector

Author: Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, B. C. Choudhary, S. Coutu, A. Marzari-Chiesa, R.M. Heinz, F. Cei, L. Satta, D. G. Michael, Kate Scholberg, F.J. Ronga, Marco Monteno, S. Petrera, P. Bernardini, L. R. Sulak, V. Togo, G. Mandrioli, M. Vakili, R. Steinberg, M. N. Mazziotta, A. Di Credico, P. Serra, D. Campana, P. Pistilli, M. Ambrosio, S. Kyriazopoulou, R. Pazzi, J. L. Stone, D. Bakari, M. Carboni, R. C. Webb, F. Loparco, C. Bloise, M. Brigida, P. Fusco, Andrea Carlo Marini, Paolo Lipari, L. Perrone, V. Chiarella, Barry C. Barish, Roberto Bellotti, Giuseppe Osteria, V. Popa, Maurizio Spurio, M. Ouchrif, C. W. Peck, H. Dekhissi, P. Monacelli, Donato Nicolo, F. Cafagna, I. De Mitri, Ioannis Katsavounidis, C. W. Walter, C. R. Bower, L. Patrizii, Alec Habig, M. Grassi, E. Vilela, C. De Marzo, J. Derkaoui, J. A. Musser, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, P. Spinelli, A. Rainò, Kael Hanson, Teresa Montaruli, Maximiliano Sioli, C. Bemporad, Np Longley, C. Orth, F. Guarino, C. E. Lane, V. Bisi, Lindsey Gray, D. Levin, G. Battistoni, R. Nolty, E. Iarocci, M. Calicchio, Annarita Margiotta, Halina Bilokon, Erik Katsavounidis, S. L. Mufson, F. Maaroufi, M. J. Longo, D. Martello, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, L. Miller, S P Mikheyev, M. Spinetti, M. Giorgini, E. Kearns, C. Okada, E. Lamanna, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, G. C. Barbarino, Eugenio Scapparone, M. De Vincenzi, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, G. de Cataldo, O. Erriquez, A. A. Grillo, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Antolini, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, A. Surdo, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, D., Bakari, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, B., Choudhary, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, I., De Mitri, J., Derkaoui, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, L., Gray, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D., Levin, P., Lipari, N., Longley, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M., Mazziotta, D., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolò, R., Nolty, C., Orth, C., Okada, G., Osteria, M., Ouchrif, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainò, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J., Stone, L., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlè, V., Togo, M., Vakili, E., Vilela, C., Walter, R., Webb, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Gray, L, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Okada, C, Osteria, G, Ouchrif, M, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Vilela, E, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Perrone, Lorenzo, Macro, Collaboration, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, Bernardini, Paolo, B. C., Choudhary, G. D., Cataldo, C. D., Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M. D., Vincenzi, A. D., Credico, F., Guarino, D. S., Levin, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, Mancarella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, D., Nicolo, C. W., Peck, A., Raino, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, G., Tarle, C. W., Walter, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., Derkaoui J., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Gray L., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Okada C., Osteria G., Ouchrif M., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Vilela E., Walter C.W., and Webb R.
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Charge (physics), Elementary particle, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Electron, Electric charge, Gran Sasso, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Ionization, Atomic physics
Abstract: A search for lightly ionizing particles has been performed with the MACRO detector. This search was sensitive to particles with charges between $\fractional{5}$$e$ and close to the charge of an electron, with $\beta$ between approximately 0.25 and 1.0. Unlike previous searches both single track events and tracks buried within high multiplicity muon showers were examined. In a period of approximately one year no candidates were observed. Assuming an isotropic flux, for the single track sample this corresponds to a 90% C.L. upper flux limit $\Phi \leq 9.2 \times 10^{-15} cm^{-2} sec^{-1} sr^{-1}$ ., Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D.; References Added
Published: 2000

15. Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO

Author: I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, L. Patrizii, C. De Marzo, F. Cei, S. Cecchini, J. A. Musser, F. Maaroufi, C. Favuzzi, Paolo Lipari, A. Di Credico, Np Longley, C. E. Lane, J. Derkaoui, V. Popa, S. Kyriazopoulou, D. Bakari, P. Spinelli, M. Giorgini, Kael Hanson, Erik Katsavounidis, O. Erriquez, R. C. Webb, C. W. Peck, S. L. Mufson, M. Ouchrif, D. Martello, G. de Cataldo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, E. Kearns, M. Brigida, Roberto Bellotti, J. L. Stone, G. Sirri, M. Carboni, Donato Nicolo, D. Campana, F. Loparco, P. Pistilli, C. Forti, C. Bloise, P. Serra, F. Cafagna, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, M. Calicchio, R. Pazzi, E. Iarocci, Halina Bilokon, Annarita Margiotta, Andrea Carlo Marini, S P Mikheyev, A. Surdo, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Maurizio Spurio, L. Satta, E. Vilela, D. G. Michael, Michael J. Longo, A. Marzari-Chiesa, L. R. Sulak, G. Battistoni, Marco Monteno, G. Giannini, G. Mandrioli, Lindsey Gray, M. Ambrosio, R. Nolty, M. Spinetti, Ioannis Katsavounidis, M. Grassi, M. N. Mazziotta, R. Steinberg, Kate Scholberg, R.M. Heinz, P. Bernardini, V. Chiarella, F. Guarino, N. Giglietto, Giuseppe Osteria, V. Bisi, P. Monacelli, Vincenzo Patera, S. Coutu, A. Sciubba, Hyun-Chul Kim, A. A. Grillo, C. Orth, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, B. C. Choudhary, V. Togo, C. W. Walter, A. Rainò, R. Antolini, S. Petrera, C. Bemporad, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, Frederic Jean Ronga, L. Perrone, Barry C. Barish, H. Dekhissi, L. Miller, D. Levin, M. Vakili, G. C. Barbarino, Maximiliano Sioli, Eugenio Scapparone, M. De Vincenzi, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, Alec Habig, E. Lamanna, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, D., Bakari, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, I., De Mitri, J., Derkaoui, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, L., Gray, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolò, R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, M., Ouchrif, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainò, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra, M., Sioli, G., Sirri, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlè, V., Togo, M., Vakili, E., Vilela, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., Derkaoui J., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Gray L., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolom D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Ouchrif M., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Rainoa A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Vilela E., Walter C.W., Webb R., Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Macro, Collaboration, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Gray, L, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Ouchrif, M, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Vilela, E, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Physics, Nuclear, Physics, Particles & Fields, Muon, Detector, Particles & Fields, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, MACRO, Gran Sasso, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Nuclear, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Event (particle physics), Charged current, Mixing (physics)
Abstract: We present the measurement of two event samples induced by atmospheric $\nu_\mu$ of average energy $ \bar {E}_\nu \sim 4 GeV$. In the first sample, the neutrino interacts inside the MACRO detector producing an upward-going muon leaving the apparatus. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is $ 0.57 \pm0.05_{stat} \pm0.06_{syst} \pm0.14_{theor}$ with an angular distribution similar to that expected from the Bartol atmospheric neutrino flux. The second is a mixed sample of internally produced downward-going muons and externally produced upward-going muons stopping inside the detector. These two subsamples are selected by topological criteria; the lack of timing information makes it impossible to distinguish stopping from downgoing muons. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is $0.71 \pm 0.05_{stat} \pm0.07_{syst} \pm0.18_{theor}$ . Using the ratio of the two subsamples (for which most theoretical uncertainties cancel) we can test the pathlength dependence of the oscillation hypothesis. The probability of agreement with the no-oscillation hypothesis is 5% . The deviations of our observations from the expectations has a preferred interpretation in terms of $\nu_\mu$ oscillations with maximal mixing and $\Delta m^2 \sim 10^{-3} \div 10^{-2} eV^2$. These parameters are in agreement with our results from upward throughgoing muons, induced by $\nu_\mu$ of much higher energies., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Published: 2000
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16. The performance of MACRO liquid scintillator in the search for magnetic monopoles with 10-3<1

Author: A. Di Credico, C. Bemporad, S. Kyriazopoulou, L. R. Sulak, J. L. Stone, L. Satta, C. W. Walter, R. C. Webb, G. Ludlam, M. N. Mazziotta, N. P. Longley, A. Hawthorne, Erik Katsavounidis, Roberto Bellotti, L. Miller, D. Levin, S. L. Mufson, R.M. Heinz, A. Margiotta-Neri, G. C. Barbarino, V. Valente, A. Marzari-Chiesa, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, A. Sanzgiri, N. D. Pignatano, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, H. Bilokon, F. Sartogo, D. G. Michael, Marco Monteno, G. Battistoni, S. Parlati, C. Okada, M. Goretti, M. Grassi, Fabrizio Cei, M. Ambrosio, Eugenio Scapparone, I. De Mitri, R. Cafagna, M. Severi, R. Nolty, C. R. Bower, G. Auriemma, P. Guarnaccia, G. Osteria, J. T. Hong, M. Spinetti, F. Guarino, G. Liu, C. De Marzo, C. E. Lane, M. J. Longo, J. A. Musser, D. Martello, M. De Vincenzi, D. Campana, V. Popa, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, R. Baker, A. Rainò, M. Calicchio, L. Patrizii, G. Mancarella, E. Lamanna, E. Kearns, Kate Scholberg, R. Fantini, O. Erriquez, C. Forti, P. Pistilli, C. Orth, C. Satriano, Andrea Carlo Marini, R. Pazzi, Gregory Tarle, G. Giacomelli, S. Petrera, R. Liu, D. Nicoló, F.J. Ronga, U. Rubizzo, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, S P Mikheyev, Marcello Castellano, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, T. Bosio, P. Green, Alec Habig, A. Corona, R. Steinberg, C. W. Peck, H. Dekhissi, S. Coutu, G. de Cataldo, V. Togo, V. Chiarella, P. Monacelli, V. Sinev, R. Antolini, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, G. Mandrioli, A. A. Grillo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, P. Serra-Lugaresi, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, M. Carboni, Paolo Lipari, P. Bernardini, E. Iarocci, V. Bisi, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bosio T., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna R., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Fantini R., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Goretti M., Grassi M., Green P., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Spurio M., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, T., Bosio, C., Bower, S., Bussino, R., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, I., De Mitri, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, R., Fantini, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, P., Green, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, G., Ludlam, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, V., Sinev, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, G. C., Barbarino, DE MITRI, Ivan, F., Guarino, Mancarella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, R, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Jong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sinev, V, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Photomultiplier, Magnetic monopole, Astronomy and Astrophysics, MACRO, Scintillator, Computational physics, Gran Sasso, Nuclear physics, Macro, Encoder, Energy (signal processing), Pulse height
Abstract: MACRO is designed to make a multiply redundant search for GUT magnetic monopoles over a wide velocity range. The 100 MHz pulse height recorder and synchronous encoder (PHRASE) and the energy reconstruction processor (ERP) are two components of that search, both based on the MACRO liquid scintillator. They are sensitive to monopoles with or without captured nuclei in the range beta similar to 10(-3) to beta similar to 1, Here, the performance of these systems is discussed, including also analysis methods and background evaluations.
Published: 1997

17. Seasonal variations in the underground muon intensity as seen by MACRO

Author: G. C. Barbarino, J. L. Stone, G. Giannini, C. Bloise, Eugenio Scapparone, S. Cecchini, E. Lamanna, S. Paganini, C. Favuzzi, N. Giglietto, J. T. Hong, D. Campana, V. Valente, E. Kearns, R. Pazzi, M. De Vincenzi, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, D. Nicoló, C. Okada, Michael J. Longo, N. P. Longley, R.M. Heinz, L. Patrizii, Fabrizio Cei, Maurizio Spurio, G. de Cataldo, Pio Pistilli, C. Bemporad, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Marco Monteno, F. Guarino, G. Liu, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, C. Forti, M. Ambrosio, Roberto Bellotti, A. Hawthorne, O. Erriquez, G. Giacomelli, C. Orth, A. Corona, M. Carboni, F. Sartogo, Erik Katsavounidis, S P Mikheyev, Marcello Castellano, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, A. Sanzgiri, G. Mandrioli, G. Battistoni, R. Baker, Kate Scholberg, M. Spinetti, L. Satta, R. Nolty, R. Antolini, A. Surdo, L. De Benedictis, P. Bernardini, P. Guarnaccia, R. Liu, D. Martello, V. Popa, T. Bosio, R. Fantini, L. R. Sulak, G. Ludlam, Barry C. Barish, H. Dekhissi, C. E. Lane, M. N. Mazziotta, O. Palamara, A. A. Grillo, A. Rainò, F. Maaroufi, M. Severi, Vincenzo Patera, U. Rubizzo, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, P. Green, S. Coutu, V. Togo, Alec Habig, V. Chiarella, L. Miller, D. Levin, N. D. Pignatano, P. Monacelli, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, C. De Marzo, J. A. Musser, F. Cafagna, A. Di Credico, S. Kyriazopoulou, C. W. Walter, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, R. C. Webb, D. G. Michael, Frederic Jean Ronga, E. Iarocci, V. Bisi, P. Fusco, S. Petrera, Andrea Carlo Marini, Paolo Lipari, R. Steinberg, C. W. Peck, P. Serra-Lugaresi, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, Giuseppe Osteria, S. Parlati, M. Goretti, M. Grassi, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Debenedictis, L, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Ludlam, G, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Paganini, S, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bosio T., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., de Benedictis L., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Fantini R., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Goretti M., Grassi M., Green P., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Ludlam G., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Paganini S., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rubizzo U., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, T., Bosio, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, L., De Benedicti, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, R., Fantini, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, P., Green, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, G., Ludlam, F., Maaroufi, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, S., Paganini, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Barbarino, Giancarlo, and Guarino, Fausto
Subjects: Physics, Atmosphere, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Muon, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Macro, MACRO: Gran Sasso, Temperature coefficient, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract: Using 5.33 x 10(6) single muons collected in 1.46 x 10(4) live hours by MACRO during the period 1991-1994, we have searched for a correlation between variations in the underground muon rate, N-mu, and seasonal temperature variations in the atmosphere. These correlations are found to be present with high statistical significance. Analysis of the relatively complete December 1992-December 1994 subset of the data yields a value for the temperature coefficient, alpha(T) = (T/N-mu)(partial derivative N-mu/partial derivative T) = 0.83 +/- 0.13. Analysis of the total data Set gives consistent results. We have compared this result with the hypothesis that the muons observed in MACRO come from pion decays alone. Although our result is consistent with the 'pion only' hypothesis, a discussion of the sensitivity of our data sample to the kaon component of the cascades leading to observed muons underground will also be presented. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Published: 1997

18. High energy cosmic ray physics with the MACRO experiment at gran sasso

Author: R. Baker, F.J. Ronga, G. Tarle, C. W. Peck, Roberto Bellotti, Vincenzo Patera, M. Goretti, A. Sciubba, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, G. Giannini, A. Corona, M. Carboni, R.M. Heinz, Giovanni Mancarella, P. Serra-Lugaresi, Marco Grassi, L. Miller, D. Levin, Kael Hanson, P. Bernardini, O. Erriquez, C. Forti, Kate Scholberg, Donato Nicolo, N. Giglietto, M. Ambrosio, G. Osteria, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, A. Di Credico, M. Severi, G. C. Barbarino, G. Giacomelli, Andrea Carlo Marini, S. Kyriazopoulou, H. Dekhissi, D. G. Michael, V. Popa, A. Marzari-Chiesa, S. Cecchini, A. Rainò, Eugenio Scapparone, Alec Habig, R. C. Webb, J. T. Hong, U. Rubizzo, C. Bemporad, M. N. Mazziotta, S P Mikheyev, S. Petrera, E. Lamanna, C. W. Walter, P. Spinelli, Marco Monteno, V. Togo, S. Parlati, M. De Vincenzi, R. Antolini, V. Chiarella, R. Steinberg, G. de Cataldo, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, J. Reynoldson, F. Cafagna, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, C. Okada, C. De Marzo, E. Kearns, J. L. Stone, L. Satta, T. Bosio, J. A. Musser, C. E. Lane, L. Patrizii, R. Fantini, G. Mandrioli, M. Spinetti, A. Hawthorne, F. Sartogo, P. Monacelli, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, Erik Katsavounidis, S. Coutu, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, A. Sanzgiri, C. Favuzzi, A. M. Baldini, C. Orth, A. A. Grillo, M. G. Castellano, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, G. Battistoni, M. J. Longo, R. Nolty, P. Guarnaccia, D. Martello, N. P. Longley, P. Pistilli, V. Bisi, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, R. Pazzi, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, L. R. Sulak, D. Campana, Paolo Lipari, F. Guarino, E. Iarocci, V. Valente, T. Montaruli, Fabrizio Cei, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, T., Bosio, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, I., De Mitri, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, R., Fantini, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, Detector, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Macro, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: The multimuon data collected by the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso have been analyzed using a new method. The resulting all-particle spectrum is consistent with EAS measurements but higher and flatter than the one obtained from direct experiments.
Published: 1997

19. High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. II. Primary spectra and composition

Author: A. Hawthorne, R. Baker, D. Campana, S. Cecchini, G. Mandrioli, V. Bisi, C. Okada, G. Giannini, C. Favuzzi, M. Severi, O. Palamara, G. Osteria, Marco Monteno, F. Guarino, R.M. Heinz, R. Pazzi, F.J. Ronga, D. G. Michael, N. P. Longley, C. Forti, Pio Pistilli, D. Nicoló, G. Giacomelli, Kate Scholberg, N. Giglietto, F. Cei, P. Bernardini, F. Cafagna, M. Goretti, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, S P Mikheyev, M. Calicchio, V. Valente, Alec Habig, Marcello Castellano, Maurizio Spurio, A. A. Grillo, Halina Bilokon, R. Steinberg, I. De Mitri, C. W. Walter, C. R. Bower, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, A. Corona, C. W. Peck, U. Rubizzo, Erik Katsavounidis, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M. Ambrosio, S. L. Mufson, M. Spinetti, C. De Marzo, A. Margiotta-Neri, O. Erriquez, L. R. Sulak, F. Sartogo, G. Mancarella, C. Orth, J. Reynoldson, J. A. Musser, A. Sanzgiri, Teresa Montaruli, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, A. Di Credico, L. Patrizii, G. Battistoni, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, S. Petrera, Andrea Carlo Marini, L. Miller, D. Levin, R. Nolty, V. Popa, H. Dekhissi, P. Guarnaccia, R. C. Webb, R. Antolini, E. Kearns, G. de Cataldo, C. E. Lane, M. J. Longo, D. Martello, S. Coutu, J. L. Stone, L. Satta, V. Togo, V. Chiarella, P. Monacelli, S. Parlati, Roberto Bellotti, P. Serra-Lugaresi, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, M. Grassi, M. Carboni, A. Surdo, Vincenzo Patera, C. Bemporad, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, B. C. Barish, M. Ricciardi, M. N. Mazziotta, J. T. Hong, M. De Vincenzi, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, A. Rainò, Gregory Tarle, T. Bosio, R. Fantini, G. C. Barbarino, Eugenio Scapparone, Paolo Lipari, E. Iarocci, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bosio T., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Fantini R., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Goretti M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ricciardi M., Ronga F., Rubizzo U., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, T., Bosio, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, R., Fantini, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, M., Ricciardi, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Guarino, Fausto, Ambrosio, M., Antolini, R., Auriemma, G., Baker, R., Baldini, A., Barbarino, G. C., Barish, B. C., Battistoni, G., Bellotti, R., Bemporad, C., Bernardini, P., Bilokon, H., Bisi, V., Bloise, C., Bosio, T., Bower, C., Bussino, S., Cafagna, F., Calicchio, M., Campana, D., Carboni, M., Castellano, M., Cecchini, S., Cei, F., Chiarella, V., Corona, A., Coutu, S., de Cataldo, G., Dekhissi, H., de Marzo, C., de Mitri, I., de Vincenzi, M., di Credico, A., Erriquez, O., Fantini, R., Favuzzi, C., Forti, C., Fusco, P., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, G., Giglietto, N., Goretti, M., Grassi, M., Grillo, A., Guarino, F., Guarnaccia, P., Gustavino, C., Habig, A., Hanson, K., Hawthorne, A., Heinz, R., Hong, J. T., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidis, E., Kearns, E., Kyriazopoulou, S., Lamanna, E., Lane, C., Levin, D. S., Lipari, P., Longley, N. P., Longo, M. J., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, G., Margiotta-Neri, A., Marini, A., Martello, D., Marzari-Chiesa, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Michael, D. G., Mikheyev, S., Miller, L., Monacelli, P., Montaruli, T., Monteno, M., Mufson, S., Musser, J., Nicol('o), D., Nolty, R., Okada, C., Orth, C., Osteria, G., Palamara, O., Parlati, S., Patera, V., Patrizii, L., Pazzi, R., Peck, C. W., Petrera, S., Pistilli, P., Popa, V., Rain('o), A., Reynoldson, J., Ricciardi, M., Ronga, F., Rubizzo, U., Sanzgiri, A., Sartogo, F., Satriano, C., Satta, L., Scapparone, E., Scholberg, K., Sciubba, A., Serra-Lugaresi, P., Severi, M., Sitta, M., Spinelli, P., Spinetti, M., Spurio, M., Steinberg, R., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Surdo, A., Tarl('e), G., Togo, V., Valente, V., Walter, C. W., and Webb, R.
Subjects: Physics, Mass number, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Elementary particle, Fermion, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Radiation flux, High Energy Physics::Experiment, MACRO: Gran Sasso, Lepton
Abstract: Multimuon data from the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso have been analyzed using a new method, which allows one to estimate the primary cosmic ray fluxes. The estimated all-particle spectrum is higher and flatter than the one obtained from direct measurements but is consistent with EAS array measurements. The spectral indexes of the fitted energy spectrum are 2.56[Formula presented]0.05 for [Formula presented]500 TeV and 2.9[Formula presented]0.3 for [Formula presented]5000 TeV with a gradual change at intermediate energies. The average mass number shows little dependence on the primary energy below 1000 TeV, with a value of 10.1[Formula presented]2.5 at 100 TeV. At higher energies the best fit average mass shows a mild increase with energy, even though no definite conclusion can be reached taking into account errors. The fitted spectra cover a range from [Formula presented] 50 TeV up to several thousand TeV. © 1997 The American Physical Society.
Published: 1997

20. Search for neutrinos from the Sun and the Earth with the MACRO detector

Author: L. R. Sulak, F.J. Ronga, E. Katsavounidis, C. Okada, E. Kearns, D. Campana, Paolo Lipari, A. Di Credico, M. Goretti, C. Bloise, S. Kyriazopoulou, G. Giannini, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, R. Baker, Mn Mazziotta, V. Popa, A. Sanzgiri, P. Fusco, Andrea Carlo Marini, M. Seven, J. Musser, A. Corona, R. C. Webb, C. Orth, N. Giglietto, P. F. Spada, A. Rainò, O. Erriquez, F. Guarino, C. W. Peck, S. Parlati, A. A. Grillo, G. Liu, A. Hawthorne, C. Bemporad, P. Serra-Lugaresi, V. Bisi, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, M. Mittelbrunn, R. Fantini, A. M. Baldini, G. Tarle, G. de Cataldo, G. Ludlam, V. Chiarella, P. Bernardini, Kael Hanson, V. Valente, C. Forti, D. G. Michael, C. W. Walter, J. L. Stone, G. Giacomelli, L. Satta, M. Calicchio, M. J. Longo, M. De Vincenzi, J. T. Hong, F. Cafagna, F. Sartogo, S P Mikheyev, P. Monacelli, C. Favuzzi, Halina Bilokon, Donato Nicolo, Marco Grassi, C. Satriano, Np Longley, Fabrizio Cei, G. Auriemma, M. Spinetti, R.M. Heinz, D. Martello, S. Coutu, I. De Mitri, M. G. Castellano, Y. Lu, C. E. Lane, Vincenzo Patera, C. R. Bower, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Marco Monteno, J. Reynoldson, G. C. Barbarino, G. Battistoni, E. Iarocci, R. Steinberg, A. Sciubba, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, P. Pistilli, C. De Marzo, R. Nolty, O. Palamara, Eugenio Scapparone, P. Guarnaccia, S. Petrera, G. Osteria, R. Pazzi, B. C. Barish, T. Bosio, T. Montaruli, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, Roberto Bellotti, M. Carboni, R. Antolini, S. Cecchini, Alec Habig, M. Ambrosio, G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, L. Miller, D. Levin, R. Liu, N. D. Pignatano, U. Rubizzo, V. Togo, A. Marzari-Chiesa, E. Lamanna, P. Spinelli, H. Dekhissi, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guamaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Neri, Am, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spada, Pf, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, T., Bosio, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, I., De Mitri, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, R., Fantini, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittelbrunn, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Seven, M., Sitta, P. F., Spada, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Detector, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics, MACRO, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Weakly interacting massive particles, Neutralino, Neutrino, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Macro, Atmospheric neutrino, Underground detector, Earth (classical element)
Abstract: Upward-going muon events collected with the lower half of the MACRO detector have been analyzed in order to search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles possibly trapped in the core of the Sun and of the Earth. No statistically significant signal could be discriminated over the possible fluctuations of the atmospheric neutrino background. Assuming a particular neutralino model, the explorable neutralino mass region has been considered.
Published: 1996

21. Vertical muon intensity measured with MACRO at the gran sasso laboratory

Author: Roberto Bellotti, J. T. Hong, Michael J. Longo, Np Longley, G. Tarle, P. Bernardini, C. E. Lane, G. Auriemma, Paolo Lipari, F. Tassoni, P. Pistilli, S. Parlati, R. Pazzi, Marco Grassi, A. Corona, M. Spinetti, Sergio Petrera, V. Togo, R.M. Heinz, C. W. Walter, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, C. W. Peck, G. C. Barbarino, R. Antolini, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, Marco Monteno, M. Severi, S. L. Mufson, R. Baker, G. de Cataldo, A. Margiotta-Neri, Vincenzo Patera, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Eugenio Scapparone, M. Mittelbrunn, C. De Marzo, J. L. Stone, J. A. Musser, L. Miller, D. Levin, E. Iarocci, Lawrence Sulak, G. Mancarella, A. Sanzgiri, Kate Scholberg, M. Ambrosio, D. Campana, A. Sciubba, L. Satta, R. Liu, N. D. Pignatano, J. Reynoldson, O. Palamara, Teresa Montaruli, D. Martello, D. G. Michael, Frederic Jean Ronga, E. Lamanna, P. Serra-Lugaresi, G. Osteria, M. De Vincenzi, A. Baldini, Barry C. Barish, M. Carboni, Kael Hanson, Alexander Grillo, F. Cafagna, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, H. Dekhissi, Donato Nicolo, M. Calicchio, A. Di Credico, C. Okada, G. Giannini, C. Bloise, P. Spinelli, Halina Bilokon, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Kearns, C. Forti, R. Steinberg, S. Cecchini, O. Erriquez, Mario Sitta, Y. Lu, V. Popa, C. Gustavino, Alec Habig, N. Giglietto, Fausto Guarino, R. C. Webb, G. Giacomelli, G. Ludlam, C. Orth, A. Rainò, S P Mikheyev, P. Fusco, M. G. Castellano, C. Bemporad, G. Battistoni, Andrea Carlo Marini, M. N. Mazziotta, R. Nolty, P. Guarnaccia, E. Katsavounidis, V. Bisi, V. Valente, A. Hawthorne, Fabrizio Cei, P. Celio, F. Sartogo, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, C. Satriano, S. Coutu, V. Chiarella, P. Monacelli, C. Favuzzi, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Celio P., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Lu Y., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Mittelbrunn M., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Tassoni F., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G., Barbarino, B., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, P., Celio, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D., Levin, P., Lipari, R., Liu, N., Longley, M., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M., Mazziotta, D., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittelbrunn, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C., Peck, S., Petrera, N., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J., Stone, L., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, F., Tassoni, V., Togo, V., Valente, C., Walter, R., Webb, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Guarino, Fausto, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Celio, P, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Kanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Tassoni, F, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Elementary particle, MACRO, Spectral line, Gran Sasso, Nuclear physics, Atmosphere, Radiation flux, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Intensity (heat transfer), Lepton
Abstract: The vertical underground muon intensity has been measured in the slant depth range 3200-7000 hg cm-2 (standard rock) with the completed lower part of the MACRO detector at the Gran Sasso laboratory, using a large sample of data. These observations are used to compute the surface muon flux and the primary ''all-nucleon'' spectrum. An analysis of systematic uncertainties introduced by the interaction models in the atmosphere and the underground propagation of muons is presented. A comparison of our results with published data is also presented. © 1995 The American Physical Society.
Published: 1995

22. Atmospheric neutrino flux measurement using upgoing muons

Author: C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, G. Ludlam, G. Mancarella, S P Mikheyev, Kate Scholberg, R. Baker, R. Liu, L. Miller, D. Levin, M. N. Mazziotta, N. D. Pignatano, C. Okada, S. P. Ahlen, W. A. Worstell, M. Mittelbrunn, Marco Grassi, C. Bloise, A. Corona, A. A. Grillo, P. Fusco, Barry C. Barish, P. Serra-Lugaresi, Andrea Carlo Marini, A. Baldini, A. Hawthorne, A. Rainò, H. Dekhissi, Kael Hanson, Michael J. Longo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, C. Bemporad, C. W. Peck, Marco Monteno, S. L. Nutter, Roberto Bellotti, L. Patrizii, M. Severi, O. Erriquez, V. Togo, G. Mandrioli, A. Marzari-Chiesa, J. L. Stone, L. Satta, F. Sartogo, C. Favuzzi, J. Petrakis, R. Steinberg, P. Green, E. Lamanna, Giuseppe Osteria, J. T. Hong, S. Parlati, Donato Nicolo, C. Orth, C. W. Walter, Np Longley, M. De Vincenzi, S. Petrera, C. E. Lane, S. Cecchini, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, V. Bisi, Alec Habig, Gregory Tarle, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, D. G. Michael, Frederic Jean Ronga, M. G. Castellano, G. C. Barbarino, G. Battistoni, M. Ambrosio, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, R. Nolty, Edward Diehl, P. Guarnaccia, Eugenio Scapparone, P. Celio, F. Cafagna, R.M. Heinz, V. Chiarella, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, E. Kearns, P. Monacelli, C. De Marzo, P. Pistilli, J. A. Musser, E. Iarocci, R. Pazzi, A. Marin, V. Valente, M. Calicchio, A. Di Credico, Halina Bilokon, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, S. Kyriazopoulou, Erik Katsavounidis, S. L. Mufson, V. Popa, Fabrizio Cei, A. Margiotta-Neri, R. C. Webb, A. Sanzgiri, M. Spinetti, F. Guarino, P. Spinelli, G. Liu, D. Martello, S. Coutu, Y. Lu, Paolo Lipari, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, O. Palamara, R. Antolini, P. Bernardini, G. de Cataldo, M. Carboni, L. R. Sulak, D. Campana, Robert A. Cormack, S., Ahlen, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, P., Celio, V., Chiarella, R., Cormack, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, E., Diehl, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Grassi, P., Green, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marin, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittelbrunn, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, S., Nutter, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, J., Petraki, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, W., Worstell, Ahlen S., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Celio P., Chiarella V., Cormack R., Corona A., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., Diehl E., De Mitri I., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Grassi M., Green P., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Lu Y., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marin A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Mittelbrunn M., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Nutter S., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrakis J., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., Worstell W., Ahlen, S, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Celio, P, Chiarella, V, Cormack, R, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Diehl, E, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marin, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Nutter, S, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Ranio, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, F, Worstell, W., Barbarino, Giancarlo, and Guarino, Fausto
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Oscillation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Flux, MACRO, Expected value, Gran Sasso, Nuclear physics, Nadir, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract: We report on the first measurement of the flux of upgoing muons resulting from interactions of atmospheric neutrinos in the rock below MACRO. The ratio of the observed to the expected number of events integrated over all nadir angles is 0.73 ± .09 stat. ± .06 sys. ± .12 theor. . The flux of upgoing muons as a function of nadir angle is presented and compared to Monte Carlo expectations. At the 90% confidence level, the data are consistent with no neutrino oscillations or some possible oscillation hypothese with the parameters suggested by the Kamiokande contained-event analysis.
Published: 1995

23. Search for slowly moving magnetic monopoles with the MACRO detector

Author: M. De Vincenzi, C. Satriano, C. R. Bower, E. Lamanna, G. Auriemma, G. C. Barbarino, Marco Grassi, A. Marzari Chiesa, V. Chiarella, M. Mittelbrunn, O. Erriquez, Eugenio Scapparone, C. De Marzo, J. L. Stone, B. Pavesi, L. Satta, S. Cecchini, Paolo Giubellino, Patrick Green, Alec Habig, J. A. Musser, C. W. Walter, C. Forti, C. Bemporad, B. B. Bam, G. Giacomelli, A. Di Credico, C. W. Peck, M. Severi, G. Battistoni, M. Calicchio, P. Monacelli, Halina Bilokon, Barry C. Barish, S. Kyriazopoulou, S. Petrera, M. Ambrosio, M. Carboni, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, E. Iarocci, G. Mancarella, R. Nolty, P. Guarnaccia, H. Dekhissi, R. C. Webb, J. Steele, G. Ludlam, Y. Lu, J. Reynoldson, S P Mikheyev, M. Masera, L. Miller, D. Levin, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, N. D. Pignatano, S. L. Nutter, C. Okada, A. A. Grillo, Andrea Carlo Marini, M. Spinetti, W. A. Worstell, S. Coutu, A. Baldini, E. Kearns, P. Spineli, Donato Nicolo, J. Petrakis, Kate Scholberg, R. Baker, D. G. Michael, Lawrence Sulak, M. N. Mazziotta, R. Liu, G. Osteria, E. Katsavounidis, F.J. Ronga, F. Cafagna, Pierluigi Campana, P. Serra Lugaresi, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, Marco Monteno, D. Ficenec, A. Sanzgiri, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, Roberto Bellotti, V. Bisi, P. Pistilli, R. Pazzi, R. Steinberg, A. Corona, G. Tarle, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, J. T. Hong, Paolo Lipari, G.L. Sanzani, D. Campana, S. Ahlen, Stefan Klein, S. Parlati, C. E. Lane, P. Bernandini, C. Lee, Ana Maria Marin, Edward Diehl, M. J. Longo, C. Favuzzi, Vincenzo Patera, D. Martello, Robert A. Cormack, A. Sciubba, O. Palamara, R.M. Heinz, R. Antolini, G. de Cataldo, F. Guarino, G. Liu, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, V. Valente, Fabrizio Cei, S., Ahlen, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, B., Bam, G., Barbarino, B., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernandini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, P., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, R., Cormack, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, E., Diehl, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, D., Ficenec, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, P., Giubellino, M., Grassi, P., Green, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, R., Heinz, J., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Klein, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, C., Lee, D., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, M., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marin, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M., Masera, M., Mazziotta, D., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittelbrunn, P., Monacelli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, S., Nutter, C., Okada, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, B., Pavesi, R., Pazzi, C., Peck, J., Petraki, S., Petrera, N., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, G., Sanzani, A., Sanzgiri, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spineli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, J., Steele, R., Steinberg, J., Stone, L., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Valente, C., Walter, R., Webb, W., Worstell, Ahlen, S, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Bam, Bb, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Campana, P, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Cormack, R, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Diehl, E, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Ficenec, D, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giubellino, P, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Klein, S, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Lee, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marin, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Chiesa, Am, Masera, M, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Nutter, S, Okada, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pavesi, B, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Sanzani, G, Sanzgiri, A, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Lugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steele, J, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R, Worstell, W., Ahlen S., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Bam B.B., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernandini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Campana P., Carboni M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Cormack R., Corona A., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Diehl E., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Ficenec D., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giubellino P., Grassi M., Green P., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Klein S., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Lee C., Levin D., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longo M.J., Lu Y., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marin A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari Chiesa A., Masera M., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Mittelbrunn M., Monacelli P., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicol D., Nolty R., Nutter S., Okada C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pavesi B., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrakis J., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Sanzani G., Sanzgiri A., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spineli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steele J., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., Worstell W., Barbarino, Giancarlo, and Guarino, Fausto
Subjects: Physics, Solar System, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, magnetic monopole, Detector, Magnetic monopole, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Scintillator, Gran Sasso, Nuclear physics, Grand Unified Theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Supermodule
Abstract: A search for slowly moving magnetic monopoles in the cosmic radiation was conducted from October 1989 to November 1991 using the large liquid scintillator detector subsystem of the first supermodule of the MACRO detector at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory. The absence of candidates established an upper limit on the monopole flux of 5.6×10-15 cm-2 sr-1 s-1 at 90% confidence level in the velocity range of 10-4
Published: 1994

24. COINCIDENT OBSERVATION OF AIR CERENKOV LIGHT BY A SURFACE ARRAY AND MUON BUNDLES BY A DEEP UNDERGROUND DETECTOR

Author: S. Coutu, C. R. Bower, D. Campana, S. L. Nutter, Y. Lu, G. Tarle, D. G. Michael, P. Serra Lugaresi, G. DeCataldo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, Robert A. Cormack, Patrick Green, M. Mittlebrunn, Paolo Lipari, J. A. Musser, C. Lee, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, Roberto Bellotti, Edward Diehl, A. Marzari Chiesa, F. Predieri, O. Erriquez, M. Carboni, S. L. Mufson, R. Antolini, A. Margiotta-Neri, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, A. Sanzgiri, G. Giannini, B. Pavesi, C. Favuzzi, F.J. Ronga, L. R. Sulak, M. Severi, P. Pistilli, R. Steinberg, J. Steele, G. Ludlam, N. Giglietto, M. Calicchio, R. Pazzi, Halina Bilokon, C. W. Walter, V. Bisi, J. T. Hong, M. Spinetti, H. Dekhissi, F. Cafagna, C. Bloise, V. Valente, A. A. Grillo, P. Fusco, R.M. Heinz, A. Di Credico, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidis, R. Baker, C. DeMarzo, Vincenzo Patera, C. E. Lane, S. Petrera, Marco Grassi, S. Kyriazopoulou, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, Andrea Carlo Marini, A. Sciubba, Marco Monteno, M. De Vincenzi, Kate Scholberg, A. Corona, O. Palamara, R. C. Webb, R. Liu, B. C. Barish, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, C. Satriano, J. Petrakis, P. Bernardini, G. Auriemma, Fabrizio Cei, Ana Maria Marin, M. J. Longo, P. Spinelli, M. Ambrosio, D. Martello, G. Battistoni, G. C. Barbarino, R. Nolty, F. Guarino, P. Guarnaccia, G. Liu, Eugenio Scapparone, G.L. Sanzani, S. Cecchini, Alec Habig, C. Bemporad, V. Chiarella, V. Togo, Donato Nicolo, B. B. Bam, L. Miller, D. Levin, P. Monacelli, N. D. Pignatano, A. Baldini, S. Parlati, J. L. Stone, M. Kertzman, L. Satta, C. Okada, E. Kearns, E. Lamanna, C. W. Peck, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, S P Mikheyev, G. Sembroski, W. A. Worstell, G. Osteria, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Bam, B, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Corona, A, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Cormack, R, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Diehl, E, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kertzman, M, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Lee, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marin, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Chiesa, Am, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittlebrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Nutter, S, Okada, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pavesi, B, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Predieri, F, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Sanzani, G, Sanzgiri, A, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Sembroski, G, Lugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steele, J, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Waiter, Cw, Webb, R, Worstell, W., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Bam B., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Corona A., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Cormack R., Coutu S., Decataldo G., Dekhissi H., Demarzo C., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Diehl E., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Grassi M., Green P., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kertzman M., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Lee C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longo M.J., Lu Y., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marin A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari Chiesa A., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Mittlebrunn M., Monacelli P., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Nutter S., Okada C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pavesi B., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrakis J., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Predieri F., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Sanzani G., Sanzgiri A., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Sembroski G., Serra Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steele J., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., Worstell W., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, B., Bam, G., Barbarino, B., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, A., Corona, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, R., Cormack, S., Coutu, G., Decataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., Demarzo, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, E., Diehl, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Grassi, P., Green, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, R., Heinz, J., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, M., Kertzman, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, C., Lee, D., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, M., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marin, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, D., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittlebrunn, P., Monacelli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, S., Nutter, C., Okada, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, B., Pavesi, R., Pazzi, C., Peck, J., Petraki, S., Petrera, N., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, F., Predieri, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, G., Sanzani, A., Sanzgiri, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, G., Sembroski, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, J., Steele, R., Steinberg, J., Stone, L., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C., Walter, R., Webb, W., Worstell, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Guarino, Fausto, G., Mancarella, and D., Martello
Subjects: Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Electromagnetic radiation, Particle detector, Gran Sasso, law.invention, Telescope, Nuclear physics, Radiation flux, law, Monopole, Astrophysics and Cosmic Ray Observatory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: We report on the simultaneous observation of atmospheric erenkov light by a prototype five telescope array, GRACE, (Gran Sasso Air erenkov Experiment) with deep underground muons in the MACRO (Monopole Astrophysics and Cosmic Ray Observatory). The telescope array was deployed at Campo Imperatore above the Gran Sasso Laboratory for a run completed in the fall of 1992. The total live time for the combined surface-underground operation was ∼100 h during which more than 300 events were seen in coincidence. The efficacy of this technique to monitor the electromagnetic and penetrating muon components of a cosmic-ray-induced cascade is discussed. © 1994 The American Physical Society.
Published: 1994

25. MUON ASTROPHYSICS WITH THE MACRO DETECTOR

Author: G. Giannini, C. W. Peck, C. W. Walter, N. Giglietto, F.J. Ronga, V. Valente, S. P. Ahlen, J. Reynoldson, A. Rainò, M. Calicchio, C. E. Lane, Halina Bilokon, C. Bemporad, J. Steele, G. Tarle, Fabrizio Cei, Erik Katsavounidis, V. Togo, Paolo Lipari, Edward Diehl, S. L. Mufson, G. Ludlam, P. Serra Lugaresi, D. G. Michael, G. C. Barbarino, A. Margiotta-Neri, M. Spinetti, A. Corona, P. Green, R. Antolini, Marco Monteno, A. Sanzgiri, Vincenzo Patera, G. Battistoni, G. de Cataldo, M. N. Mazziotta, Eugenio Scapparone, E. Vilela, Kael Hanson, E. Iarocci, M. Severi, A. Sciubba, V. Chiarella, R.M. Heinz, S. Cecchini, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, C. Okada, F. Cafagna, R. Nolty, E. Kearns, P. Guarnaccia, L. Patrizii, Y. Lu, O. Erriquez, G. Mandrioli, R. Baker, S. Kyeizopoulou, Roberto Bellotti, J. L. Stone, A. Di Credico, R. Steinberg, M. Ambrosio, S. Coutu, Donato Nicolo, Alec Habig, P. Bernardini, R. C. Webb, E. Lamanna, P. Spinelli, C. Bloise, Marco Grassi, P. Fusco, M. Carboni, Andrea Carlo Marini, P. Monacelli, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, F. Guarino, Giuseppe Osteria, G. Liu, S. Parlati, M. J. Longo, V. Bisi, C. R. Bower, D. Campana, G. Mancarella, L. Miller, D. Martello, D. Levin, J. T. Hong, C. De Marzo, Kate Scholberg, J. A. Musser, P. Pistilli, R. Pazzi, A. Marin, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, M. De Vincenzi, A. A. Grillo, R. Liu, N. D. Pignatano, G. Auriemma, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, J. Petrakis, A. Baldini, A. Marzari Chiesa, M. Mittelbrun, B. Pavesi, C. Favuzzi, H. Dekhissi, L. Satta, C. Satriano, L. R. Sulak, S. Petrera, W. A. Worstell, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, S P Mikheyev, Bernardini, P, Ahlen, S, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Diehl, E, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marin, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Chiesa, Am, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, Sp, Miller, L, Mittelbrun, M, Monacelli, P, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pavesi, B, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Sanzgiri, A, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Lugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steele, J, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Vilela, E, Walter, Cw, Webb, R, Worstell, W., S., Ahlen, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, E., Diehl, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Grassi, P., Green, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyeizopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, M. J., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marin, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittelbrun, P., Monacelli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, B., Pavesi, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, J., Petraki, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, A., Sanzgiri, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, J., Steele, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, E., Vilela, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, and W., Worstell
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Muon collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Monte Carlo method, Detector, Cosmic ray, Macro, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: Muon events collected with the streamer tube system of MACRO have been used to study the vertical muon intensity and to search for astrophysical point sources. New upper limits on the muon fluxes coming from source candidates have been obtained. The μ pair distance distribution and multimuon rates are presented and compared with Monte Carlo predictions for different primary cosmic rays composition models.
Published: 1994

26. Study of the primary cosmic ray composition around the knee of the energy spectrum

Author: C. W. Peck, G. Giannini, M. Goretti, F. Guarino, G. Liu, R. Baker, A. Marzari Chiesa, A. Corona, N. Giglietto, L. Patrizii, V. Valente, O. Erriquez, M. Severi, Fabrizio Cei, G. Mandrioli, Vincenzo Patera, M. Aglietta, M. Spinetti, J. L. Stone, B. Pavesi, M. Mittelbrun, V. Bisi, C. DeMarzo, C. R. Bower, L. Satta, A. Sciubba, G.C. Trinchero, M. Ambrosio, D. Martello, O. Palamara, Pietro Antonioli, C. Melagrana, C. Bloise, Erik Katsavounidis, B. C. Barish, P. Fusco, P. Serra Lugaresi, M. E. Bertaina, J. A. Musser, D. Ficenec, C. W. Walter, Steven Ahlen, E. Kearns, H. Dekhissi, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, G. Ludlam, Andrea Carlo Marini, F. Sartogo, M. Iacovacci, P. Pistilli, D. Campana, J. Petrakis, S. Klein, D. G. Michael, P. Bernardini, S. L. Nutter, A. Rainò, C. Morello, G. Cini, M. N. Mazziotta, C. E. Lane, Giuseppe Osteria, A. Sanzgiri, F. Cafagna, G. Mancarella, C. Bemporad, R. Pazzi, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, S. Parlati, M. De Mitri, A. Marin, A. Di Credico, Robert A. Cormack, Lawrence Sulak, Kate Scholberg, Paolo Lipari, S. Kyriazopoulou, M. Carboni, A. Campos Fauth, Marco Grassi, Marco Monteno, O. Saavedra, R. Liu, R. C. Webb, C. Okada, Bruno Alessandro, R. Steinberg, Kael Hanson, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, S. Vernetto, L. Bergamasco, G. Battistoni, Edward Diehl, G.L. Sanzani, E. Iarocci, P. Green, R. Nolty, P. Guarnaccia, C. Satriano, S. Cecchini, P. Vallania, P.L. Ghia, Alec Habig, M. Calicchio, Roberto Bellotti, R.M. Heinz, S. Petrera, Halina Bilokon, G. Navarra, G. Mannocchi, G. Di Sciascio, Donato Nicolo, L. Miller, D. Levin, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Y. Lu, W. Fulgione, N. D. Pignatano, E. Lamanna, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, J. Steele, M. J. Longo, Carlotta Castagnoli, A. Baldini, P. Spinelli, F. Arneodo, G. C. Barbarino, R. Antolini, A. Chiavassa, Eugenio Scapparone, L. Riccati, J. T. Hong, M. De Vincenzi, V. Togo, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, P. Matteuzzi, G. DeCataldo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, A. Castellina, C. Favuzzi, A. A. Grillo, C. Cattadori, V. Chiarella, P. Monacelli, P. Galeotti, S. Coutu, W. A. Worstell, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, S P Mikheyev, F.J. Ronga, Aglietta, M, Alessandro, B, Antonioli, P, Arneodo, F, Bergamasco, L, Bertaina, M, Fauth, Ac, Castagnoli, C, Castellina, A, Cattadori, C, Chiavassa, A, Cini, G, Piazzoli, Bd, Disciascio, G, Fulgione, W, Galeotti, P, Ghia, Pl, Iacovacci, M, Mannocchi, G, Melagrana, C, Morello, C, Navarra, G, Riccati, L, Saavedra, O, Trinchero, Gc, Vallania, P, Vernetto, S, Ahlen, S, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Cormack, R, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, L, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Diehl, E, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Ficenec, D, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Klein, S, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marin, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Chiesa, Am, Matteuzzi, P, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrun, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Nutter, S, Okada, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pavesi, B, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Sanzani, G, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Lugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steele, J, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R, Worstell, W., M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, A., Campos Fauth, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, C., Cattadori, A., Chiavassa, G., Cini, B., D'Ettorre Piazzoli, G., Di Sciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, M., Iacovacci, G., Mannocchi, C., Melagrana, C., Morello, G., Navarra, L., Riccati, O., Saavedra, G. C., Trinchero, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, S., Ahlen, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, R., Cormack, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., Decataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., Demarzo, M., De Mitri, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, E., Diehl, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, D., Ficenec, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, P., Green, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Klein, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, M. J., Longo, Y., Lu, G., Ludlam, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marin, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, P., Matteuzzi, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, M., Mittelbrun, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, S., Nutter, C., Okada, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, B., Pavesi, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, J., Petraki, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, G., Sanzani, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, J., Steele, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, W., Worstell, A. C., Fauth, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, G., Disciascio, Iacovacci, Michele, Barbarino, Giancarlo, L., Demitri, M., Devincenzi, A., Dicredico, Guarino, Fausto, G., Mancarella, A., Margiottaneri, D., Martello, A. M., Chiesa, D., Nicolo, A., Raino, P. S., Lugaresi, G., Tarle, Aglietta M., Alessandro B., Antonioli P., Arneodo F., Bergamasco L., Bertaina M., Fauth A.C., Castagnoli C., Castellina A., Cattadori C., Chiavassa A., Cini G., D'Ettorre Piazzoli B., Di Sciascio G., Fulgione W., Galeotti P., Ghia P.L., Iacovacci M., Mannocchi G., Melagrana C., Morello C., Navarra G., Riccati L., Saavedra O., Trinchero G.C., Vallania P., Vernetto S., Ahlen S., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Cormack R., Corona A., Coutu S., DeCataldo G., Dekhissi H., DeMarzo C., De Mitri M., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Diehl E., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Ficenec D., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Goretti M., Grassi M., Green P., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Klein S., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longo M.J., Lu Y., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marin A., Marini A., Martello D., Chiesa A.M., Matteuzzi P., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Mittelbrun M., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Nutter S., Okada C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pavesi B., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrakis J., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Sanzani G., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Lugaresi P.S., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steele J., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., and Worstell W.
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, EAS-TOP, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Other Fields of Physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Astrophysics, CASCADES, Coincidence, Spectral line, DEEP-UNDERGROUND MUONS, Nuclear physics, Primary (astronomy), Nuclear Experiment, Helium, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Muon, GRAN-SASSO, MACRO DETECTOR, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gran Sasso, chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: A study of the primary cosmic ray composition in the energy range 5ṡ1014−5ṡ1015 eV is performed through the analysis of the deep underground muons and of the e.m. component of Extensive Air Showers detected in coincidence by the MACRO and EAS-TOP experiments at the Gran Sasso Laboratory. We conclude that: a) pure proton and Iron primary beams are excluded by the experimental data; b) a fraction of nuclei heavier than Helium is necessary to explain the experimental data both below and above the knee; c) a mixed composition, obtained a priori from extrapolations of the spectra directly measured below 100 TeV, yields a reasonable account of the observations up to the knee of the primary spectrum.
Published: 1994

27. Estimate of the primary cosmic ray composition from a multi-parametric fit of MACRO multimuon events

Author: Valente, Paolo Lipari, J. Musser, Jl Stone, G. Ludlam, Marco Grassi, A. M. Baldini, F. Cafagna, Am Neri, F.J. Ronga, P. Pistilli, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, Mn Mazziotta, P. Bernardini, R. Pazzi, J. T. Hong, D. G. Michael, Np Longley, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, Marco Monteno, C. E. Lane, M. Goretti, S. Kyriazopoulou, Bisi, S. Cecchini, Alec Habig, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, L. R. Sulak, C. Okada, M. Severi, G. C. Barbarino, E. Kearns, R. C. Webb, P. F. Spada, R. Steinberg, C. R. Bower, A. Corona, Y. Lu, M. Spinetti, C. W. Peck, R. Baker, Eugenio Scapparone, A. Marzari-Chiesa, O. Erriquez, G. Tarle, E. Lamanna, P. Spinelli, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, S. Petrera, Andrea Carlo Marini, Giovanni Mancarella, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, M. J. Longo, L. Miller, D. Levin, D. Martello, A. Sciubba, G. Osteria, S. Parlati, T. Bosio, M. Mittelbrunn, R. Fantini, O. Palamara, N. D. Pignatano, P. Serra-Lugaresi, B. C. Barish, S. L. Mufson, E. Katsavounidis, I DeMitri, Kate Scholberg, A. Sanzgiri, L. Satta, Kael Hanson, P Guamaccia, Roberto Bellotti, R. Liu, A DiCredico, M. Carboni, M. Ambrosio, F. Guarino, G. Liu, R.M. Heinz, U. Rubizzo, D. Campana, A. Hawthorne, Patera, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, M. Devincenzi, Donato Nicolo, C. Orth, J. Reynoldson, C. W. Walter, H. Dekhissi, Popa, Chiarella, C. Forti, Fabrizio Cei, M. G. Castellano, G. Giacomelli, G. Battistoni, A. Rainò, R. Nolty, C. Bemporad, F. Sartogo, S P Mikheyev, C. DeMarzo, P. Monacelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, Togo, S. Coutu, R. Antolini, G. DeCataldo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, C. Favuzzi, A. A. Grillo, E. Iarocci, T. Montaruli, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guamaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Neri, Am, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spada, Pf, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Multi parametric, Primary (astronomy), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Composition (combinatorics), Macro, Muon underground, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Computational physics
Abstract: Multimuon data from the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso have been analysed using a new method which allows one to estimate the primary cosmic ray fluxes. The estimated all-particle spectrum is higher and flatter than the one obtained from direct measurements but is consistent with EAS measurements. The average mass number shows a weak dependence on the primary energy below 10^{6} GeV. Even within large uncertainties our data support a possible increase of the average mass number at higher energies.
Published: 1996

28. The cosmic ray primary composition between 10(15) and 10(16) eV from Extensive Air Showers electromagnetic and TeV muon data

Author: L. Patrizii, M. Ambrosio, G. Sirri, Pietro Antonioli, F. Cafagna, S. Valchierotti, A. Rainò, C. Bemporad, Carlo Vigorito, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, Annarita Margiotta, V. Popa, Donato Nicolo, P. L. Ghia, Alec Habig, Paolo Lipari, C. De Marzo, M. Cozzi, F.J. Ronga, R. Caruso, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Marco Monteno, D. G. Michael, J. A. Musser, D. Levin, R.M. Heinz, Np Longley, E. Katsavounidis, G. Mannocchi, A. Di Credico, Yvonne Becherini, M. Vakili, C. E. Lane, C. Morello, S. Kyriazopoulou, F. Maaroufi, Fabrizio Cei, P. Serra, M. Brigida, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, M. N. Mazziotta, R. C. Webb, M. Iacovacci, Maximiliano Sioli, W. Fulgione, M. J. Longo, M. Grassi, E. Iarocci, F. Guarino, S. Vernetto, Kate Scholberg, O. Saavedra, J. Derkaoui, S. L. Mufson, P. Vallania, V. Togo, Marco Aglietta, D. Martello, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, G. Di Sciascio, L. R. Sulak, L. Perrone, G. Battistoni, R. Steinberg, C. W. Walter, R. Nolty, H. Dekhissi, E. Lamanna, B. C. Choudhary, D. Campana, R. Pazzi, C. Satriano, M. Spinetti, Gregory Tarle, Giuseppe Osteria, P. Fusco, Antonio Stamerra, M. Giorgini, P. Galeotti, Andrea Carlo Marini, Maurizio Spurio, Roberto Bellotti, S. Petrera, O. Erriquez, E. Kearns, C. Orth, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, C. W. Peck, G. Navarra, L. Bergamasco, Ioannis Katsavounidis, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, Hyun-Chul Kim, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, G. C. Barbarino, Eugenio Scapparone, M. De Vincenzi, F. Arneodo, R. Antolini, G. Giannini, G. Mandrioli, S. Coutu, N. Giglietto, A. A. Grillo, G. C. Trinchero, Mario Sitta, G. de Cataldo, C. Gustavino, J. L. Stone, F. Loparco, M. E. Bertaina, V. Chiarella, P. Monacelli, M. Carboni, C. Castagnoli, Bruno Alessandro, G. Cini, A. Surdo, A. Chiavassa, P. Bernardini, Antonella Castellina, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, Aglietta, M, Alessandro, B, Antonioli, P, Arneodo, F, Bergamasco, L, Bertaina, M, Castagnoli, C, Castellina, A, Chiavassa, A, Cini, G, Piazzoli, Bd, Di Sicascio, G, Fulgione, W, Galeotti, P, Ghia, Pl, Iacovacci, M, Mannocchi, G, Morello, C, Navarra, G, Saavedra, O, Stamerra, A, Trinchero, Gc, Valchierotti, S, Vallania, P, Vernetto, S, Vigorito, C, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, Muon, Air shower, cosmic rays, Hadron, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Rapidity, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Zenith, Spectral line
Abstract: The cosmic ray primary composition in the energy range between 10(15) and 10(16) eV, i.e., around the "knee" of the primary spectrum, has been studied through the combined measurements of the EAS-TOP air shower array (2005 m a. s.l., 10(5) m(2) collecting area) and the MACRO underground detector (963 m.a.s.l., 3100 m w.e. of minimum rock overburden, 920 m(2) effective area) at the National Gran Sasso Laboratories. The used observables are the air shower size (N-c) measured by EAS-TOP and the muon number (N-mu) recorded by MACRO. The two detectors are separated on average by 1200 m of rock, and located at a respective zenith angle of about 30degrees. The energy threshold at the surface for muons reaching the MACRO depth is approximately 1.3 TeV. Such muons are produced in the early stages of the shower development and in a kinematic region quite different from the one relevant for the usual N-mu - N-e studies. The measurement leads to a primary composition becoming heavier at the knee of the primary spectrum, the knee itself resulting from the steepening of the spectrum of a primary light component (p, He) of Deltay = 0.7 +/- 0.4 at E-0 similar to 4 x 10(15) eV. The result confirms the ones reported from the observation of the low energy muons at the surface (typically in the GeV energy range), showing that the conclusions do not depend on the production region kinematics. Thus, the hadronic interaction model used (CORSIKA/QGSJET) provides consistent composition results from data related to secondaries produced in a rapidity region exceeding the central one. Such an evolution of the composition in the knee region supports the "standard" galactic acceleration/propagation models that imply rigidity dependent breaks of the different components.. and therefore breaks occurring at lower energies in the spectra of the light nuclei. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2004

29. Search for cosmic ray sources using muons detected by the MACRO experiment

Author: M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, G. Auriemma, D. Bakari, A. Baldini, G.C. Barbarino, B.C. Barish, G. Battistoni, Y. Becherini, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, P. Bernardini, H. Bilokon, C. Bloise, C. Bower, M. Brigida, S. Bussino, F. Cafagna, M. Calicchio, D. Campana, M. Carboni, R. Caruso, S. Cecchini, F. Cei, V. Chiarella, B.C. Choudhary, S. Coutu, M. Cozzi, G. De Cataldo, H. Dekhissi, C. De Marzo, I. De Mitri, J. Derkaoui, M. De Vincenzi, A. Di Credico, O. Erriquez, C. Favuzzi, C. Forti, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, M. Giorgini, M. Grassi, A. Grillo, F. Guarino, C. Gustavino, A. Habig, K. Hanson, R. Heinz, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidis, I. Katsavounidis, E. Kearns, H. Kim, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, D.S. Levin, P. Lipari, N.P. Longley, M.J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Maaroufi, G. Mancarella, G. Mandrioli, A. Margiotta, A. Marini, D. Martello, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M.N. Mazziotta, D.G. Michael, P. Monacelli, T. Montaruli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Nicolò, R. Nolty, C. Orth, G. Osteria, O. Palamara, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C.W. Peck, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, P. Pistilli, V. Popa, A. Rainò, J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, A. Rrhioua, C. Satriano, E. Scapparone, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, P. Serra, M. Sioli, G. Sirri, M. Sitta, P. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, R. Steinberg, J.L. Stone, L.R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarlè, V. Togo, M. Vakili, C.W. Walter, R. Webb, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rrhioua A., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., Webb R., M., Ambrosio, Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, Macro, Collaboration, Barbarino, Giancarlo, and Guarino, Fausto
Subjects: Particle physics, Underground muon, macro, underground muons, x-binary sources, γ-ray sources, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, X-binary source, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Macro, gamma-ray sources, Physics, Muon, Cosmic ray muons, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, MACRO, X-binary sources, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: The MACRO underground detector at Gran Sasso Laboratory recorded 60 million secondary cosmic ray muons from February 1989 until December 2000. Different techniques were used to analyze this sample in search for density excesses from astrophysical point-like sources. No evidence for DC excesses for any source in an all-sky survey is reported. In addition, searches for muon excess correlated with the known binary periods of Cygnus X-3 and Hercules X-1, and searches for statistically significant bursting episodes from known gamma ray sources are also proved negative., Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2003

30. Search for the sidereal and solar diurnal modulations in the total MACRO muon data set

Author: G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, Rossella Caruso, L. Perrone, H. Dekhissi, O. Erriquez, B. C. Choudhary, S. Petrera, Marco Monteno, G. de Cataldo, G. C. Barbarino, C. Orth, E. Kearns, P. Fusco, S. L. Mufson, Marco Grassi, M. Cozzi, F.J. Ronga, Andrea Carlo Marini, Donato Nicolo, E. Katsavounidis, M. Vakili, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, M. Giorgini, V. Chiarella, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M. Ambrosio, Eugenio Scapparone, D. G. Michael, P. Serra, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Hyun-Chul Kim, E. Lamanna, A. Rainò, C. Bemporad, P. Monacelli, G. Tarle, C. Favuzzi, Roberto Bellotti, S. Coutu, J. L. Stone, M. De Vincenzi, R. Steinberg, D. Campana, Np Longley, F. Loparco, C. Satriano, R. Antolini, Paolo Lipari, R.M. Heinz, C. W. Peck, G. Giannini, C. E. Lane, A. Di Credico, A. A. Grillo, N. Giglietto, M. Spinetti, S. Kyriazopoulou, M. J. Longo, M. N. Mazziotta, P. Spinelli, V. Popa, D. Martello, R. C. Webb, I. De Mitri, R. Pazzi, C. R. Bower, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, C. De Marzo, J. A. Musser, P. Bernardini, Jamal Eddine Derkaoui, M. Calicchio, L. R. Sulak, Yvonne Becherini, C. Forti, G. Sirri, M. Brigida, Halina Bilokon, L. Patrizii, Fabrizio Cei, G. Mandrioli, G. Giacomelli, T. Montaruli, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, F. Cafagna, M. Carboni, F. Maaroufi, G. Osteria, G. Battistoni, C. W. Walter, R. Nolty, L. Miller, D. Levin, Kael Hanson, Annarita Margiotta, J. Reynoldson, Tommaso Chiarusi, A. Baldini, Ioannis Katsavounidis, S. Cecchini, Alec Habig, Maximiliano Sioli, V. Togo, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiarusi, T, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Chiarusi T., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., Derkaoui J., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., Webb R., Perrone, Lorenzo, and Macro, Collaboration
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Solar System, Muon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Local standard of rest, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Atmospheric temperature, Gran Sasso, Atmosphere, Sidereal time, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We have analyzed 44.3M single muons collected by MACRO from 1991 through 2000 in 2,145 live days of operation. We have searched for the solar diurnal, apparent sidereal, and pseudo-sidereal modulation of the underground muon rate by computing hourly deviations of the muon rate from 6 month averages. We find evidence for statistically significant modulations with the solar diurnal and the sidereal periods. The amplitudes of these modulations are, 18 pages, 8 of which are figures, 1 is a table. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2003

31. Moon and Sun shadowing effect in the MACRO detector

Author: F. Maaroufi, J. Reynoldson, Np Longley, G. C. Barbarino, C. E. Lane, M. Calicchio, Tommaso Chiarusi, Halina Bilokon, M. Grassi, M. Brigida, R.M. Heinz, A. Di Credico, Eugenio Scapparone, S. Kyriazopoulou, M. De Vincenzi, Giuseppe Osteria, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Pazzi, M. Spinetti, Alec Habig, L. R. Sulak, R. C. Webb, B. C. Choudhary, D. Levin, Maurizio Spurio, J. Derkaoui, L. Patrizii, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, M. Giorgini, P. Spinelli, R. Caruso, Erik Katsavounidis, Kael Hanson, C. Orth, M. J. Longo, G. Sirri, S. L. Mufson, S. Petrera, D. Martello, P. Fusco, M. Cozzi, M. Ambrosio, E. Kearns, F.J. Ronga, Andrea Carlo Marini, R. Antolini, Maximiliano Sioli, Kate Scholberg, D. G. Michael, D. Campana, G. Battistoni, F. Cafagna, V. Togo, G. Mandrioli, G. Giannini, I. De Mitri, L. Perrone, C. R. Bower, M. Vakili, R. Nolty, C. De Marzo, Ioannis Katsavounidis, E. Lamanna, Barry C. Barish, J. A. Musser, C. Forti, R. Steinberg, H. Dekhissi, A. A. Grillo, J. L. Stone, G. Giacomelli, C. W. Peck, F. Loparco, C. Satriano, Gregory Tarle, N. Giglietto, O. Erriquez, Yvonne Becherini, Fabrizio Cei, Ashavani Kumar, S. Cecchini, G. de Cataldo, C. Favuzzi, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, V. Chiarella, C. W. Walter, P. Monacelli, G. Mancarella, Teresa Montaruli, S. Coutu, Shahid Manzoor, M. Carboni, Annarita Margiotta, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Marco Monteno, A. Surdo, Paolo Lipari, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, P. Bernardini, A. Rainò, C. Bemporad, V. Popa, Donato Nicolo, Roberto Bellotti, M. N. Mazziotta, A. R., Baldini, M., Ambrosio, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, Macro, Collaboration, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiarusi, T, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kumar, A, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Chiarusi T., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kumar A., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Manzoor S., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., and Webb R.
Subjects: MACRO, underground muons, Moon shadowing, Sun shadowing, geomagnetic field, IMF field, primary antimatter, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Shadow, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astroparticle physics, Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Ecliptic, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Celestial sphere, Earth's magnetic field, Antimatter, Physics::Space Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Interplanetary spaceflight
Abstract: Using data collected by the MACRO experiment from 1989 to the end of its operations in 2000, we have studied in the underground muon flux the shadowing effects due to both the Moon and the Sun. We have observed the Moon shadowing effect with a significance of 6.5 sigma and the Sun shadowing effect with a significance of 4.3 sigma. The observed displacement of the Sun shadow, due to the configurations of the solar and interplanetary magnetic fields, has been used to quote the antiproton/proton flux limits for primaries of about 20 TeV energy., 23 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Astrop.Phys
Published: 2003

32. Measurement of the residual energy of muons in the Gran Sasso underground laboratories

Author: M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, A. Baldini, G.C. Barbarino, B.C. Barish, G. Battistoni, Y. Becherini, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, P. Bernardini, H. Bilokon, C. Bower, M. Brigida, S. Bussino, F. Cafagna, M. Calicchio, D. Campana, M. Carboni, R. Caruso, S. Cecchini, F. Cei, V. Chiarella, B.C. Choudhary, S. Coutu, M. Cozzi, G. De Cataldo, H. Dekhissi, C. De Marzo, I. De Mitri, J. Derkaoui, M. De Vincenzi, A. Di Credico, O. Erriquez, C. Favuzzi, C. Forti, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, M. Giorgini, M. Grassi, A. Grillo, F. Guarino, C. Gustavino, A. Habig, K. Hanson, R. Heinz, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidis, I. Katsavounidis, E. Kearns, H. Kim, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, D.S. Levin, P. Lipari, N.P. Longley, M.J. Longo, F. Loparco, G. Mancarella, G. Mandrioli, A. Margiotta, A. Marini, D. Martello, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M.N. Mazziotta, D.G. Michael, P. Monacelli, T. Montaruli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Nicolò, R. Nolty, C. Orth, G. Osteria, O. Palamara, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C.W. Peck, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, P. Pistilli, V. Popa, A. Rainò, J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, C. Satriano, E. Scapparone, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, P. Serra, M. Sioli, G. Sirri, M. Sitta, P. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, R. Steinberg, J.L. Stone, L.R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarlè, M. Vakili, C.W. Walter, R. Webb, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Vakili M., Walter C.W., Webb R., Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, H, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satraino, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, and Macro, Collaboration
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, MACRO, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Gran Sasso, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Transition radiation detector, Overburden, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Residual energy
Abstract: The MACRO detector was located in the Hall B of the Gran Sasso underground Laboratories under an average rock overburden of 3700 hg/cm^2. A transition radiation detector composed of three identical modules, covering a total horizontal area of 36 m^2, was installed inside the empty upper part of the detector in order to measure the residual energy of muons. This paper presents the measurement of the residual energy of single and double muons crossing the apparatus. Our data show that double muons are more energetic than single ones. This measurement is performed over a standard rock depth range from 3000 to 6500 hg/cm^2., 28 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2003

33. Search for Nucleon Decays induced by GUT Magnetic Monopoles with the MACRO Experiment

Author: D. Levin, G. Giannini, C. W. Walter, M. J. Longo, L. Patrizii, M. Giorgini, N. Giglietto, G. Battistoni, M. Grassi, J. Reynoldson, E. Kearns, D. Martello, Teresa Montaruli, G. C. Barbarino, J. Derkaoui, M. Spinetti, R. Nolty, P. Spinelli, F.J. Ronga, C. Bloise, Roberto Bellotti, Kael Hanson, G. Mandrioli, F. Guarino, D. Bakari, P. Fusco, E. Katsavounidis, Shahid Manzoor, Eugenio Scapparone, Hyun-Chul Kim, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, M. De Vincenzi, Andrea Carlo Marini, L. Perrone, P. Pistilli, Paolo Lipari, M. Brigida, M. Vakili, R. Pazzi, Alec Habig, H. Dekhissi, Maurizio Spurio, R. Antolini, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, E. Lamanna, A. Surdo, A. A. Grillo, Mario Sitta, G. de Cataldo, F. Loparco, Maximiliano Sioli, C. W. Peck, C. Gustavino, M. Ambrosio, G. Sirri, M. N. Mazziotta, D. Campana, Ioannis Katsavounidis, S. Cecchini, C. Orth, Np Longley, G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, C. Forti, C. Favuzzi, Rossella Caruso, V. Togo, C. Satriano, C. E. Lane, G. Auriemma, A. Rrhioua, Gregory Tarle, E. Iarocci, G. Giacomelli, D. G. Michael, Yvonne Becherini, O. Erriquez, F. Cafagna, M. Cozzi, Fabrizio Cei, F. Maaroufi, G. Osteria, A. Di Credico, S. Kyriazopoulou, R. Steinberg, R. C. Webb, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, R.M. Heinz, B. C. Choudhary, C. De Marzo, J. A. Musser, S. Petrera, P. Serra, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, A. Rainò, C. Bemporad, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Marco Monteno, M. Carboni, V. Popa, Donato Nicolo, P. Bernardini, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, V. Chiarella, Annarita Margiotta, P. Monacelli, S. L. Mufson, S. Coutu, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Manzoor S., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rrhioua A., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., and Webb R.
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, Proton decay, Magnetic monopole, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, MACRO, Gran Sasso, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Grand Unified Theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon, Engineering (miscellaneous), Lepton
Abstract: The interaction of a Grand Unification Magnetic Monopole with a nucleon can lead to a barion-number violating process in which the nucleon decays into a lepton and one or more mesons (catalysis of nucleon decay). In this paper we report an experimental study of the effects of a catalysis process in the MACRO detector. Using a dedicated analysis we obtain new magnetic monopole (MM) flux upper limits at the level of $\sim 3\cdot 10^{-16} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1}$ for $1.1\cdot 10^{-4} \le |\beta| \le 5\cdot 10^{-3}$, based on the search for catalysis events in the MACRO data. We also analyze the dependence of the MM flux limit on the catalysis cross section., Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 10 figures and 2 Tables
Published: 2002

34. A combined analysis technique for the search for fast magnetic monopoles with the MACRO detector

Author: Erik Katsavounidis, D. Campana, S. L. Mufson, S. Kyriazopoulou, G. Giannini, R. Caruso, J. L. Stone, G. C. Barbarino, V. Chiarella, F.J. Ronga, R. C. Webb, F. Loparco, D. G. Michael, Vincenzo Patera, N. Giglietto, B. C. Choudhary, C. Forti, Maximiliano Sioli, M. Vakili, R.M. Heinz, V. Togo, A. Rrhioua, P. Monacelli, J. Derkaoui, G. Giacomelli, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, P. Spinelli, Eugenio Scapparone, Shahid Manzoor, S. Petrera, I. De Mitri, M. Ambrosio, M. Giorgini, S. Coutu, C. R. Bower, R. Pazzi, B. C. Barish, C. De Marzo, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Steinberg, Ioannis Katsavounidis, P. Serra, D. Bakari, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, J. A. Musser, E. Lamanna, E. Kearns, Annarita Margiotta, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, C. Bemporad, C. Bloise, Paolo Lipari, P. Fusco, M. Grassi, R. Antolini, V. Popa, M. J. Longo, Andrea Carlo Marini, Donato Nicolo, C. W. Walter, D. Martello, G. de Cataldo, P. Bernardini, G. Sirri, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, L. R. Sulak, L. Patrizii, C. Orth, F. Maaroufi, M. De Vincenzi, M. Calicchio, G. Osteria, C. W. Peck, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Halina Bilokon, Marco Monteno, M. Spinetti, C. Satriano, G. Battistoni, G. Auriemma, A DiCredico, M. Carboni, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, Gregory Tarle, F. Cafagna, R. Nolty, Yvonne Becherini, M. Brigida, Fabrizio Cei, Np Longley, C. E. Lane, F. Guarino, E. Iarocci, O. Erriquez, G. Mandrioli, G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, M. N. Mazziotta, L. Perrone, H. Dekhissi, Roberto Bellotti, A. A. Grillo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, Alec Habig, D. Levin, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Manzoor S., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Popa V., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rrhioua A., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., Webb R., Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, M., Ambrosio, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Bernardini, Paolo, Macro, Collaboration, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Popa, V, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Physics, Photomultiplier, Detector, Magnetic monopole, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, MACRO, Scintillator, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Gran Sasso, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Nuclear electronics, Scintillation counter, Nucleon
Abstract: We describe a search method for fast moving ($\beta > 5 \times 10^{-3}$) magnetic monopoles using simultaneously the scintillator, streamer tube and track-etch subdetectors of the MACRO apparatus. The first two subdetectors are used primarily for the identification of candidates while the track-etch one is used as the final tool for their rejection or confirmation. Using this technique, a first sample of more than two years of data has been analyzed without any evidence of a magnetic monopole. We set a 90% CL upper limit to the local monopole flux of $1.5 \times 10^{-15} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1}$ in the velocity range $5 \times 10^{-3} \le \beta \le 0.99$ and for nucleon decay catalysis cross section smaller than $\sim 1 mb$., Comment: 29 pages (12 figures). Accepted by Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2002

35. Final results of magnetic monopole searches with the MACRO experiment

Author: M. Carboni, G. Giannini, C. Forti, M. Brigida, A. Surdo, Tommaso Chiarusi, M. Grassi, N. Giglietto, A. Rrhioua, G. Giacomelli, A. Marzari-Chiesa, G. C. Barbarino, Paolo Lipari, Shahid Manzoor, J. Derkaoui, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, G. de Cataldo, Marco Monteno, Giuseppe Osteria, L. R. Sulak, M. Spinetti, Ashavani Kumar, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, V. Chiarella, F.J. Ronga, Eugenio Scapparone, M. De Vincenzi, M. Giorgini, R. Caruso, L. Perrone, F. Maaroufi, V. Popa, E. Katsavounidis, P. Monacelli, C. W. Walter, E. Kearns, R. Nolty, M. Vakili, Donato Nicolo, Barry C. Barish, Ioannis Katsavounidis, Vincenzo Patera, P. Serra, D. Bakari, G. Mancarella, E. Iarocci, D. Levin, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, C. Orth, M. Calicchio, D. Campana, Mario Sitta, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, O. Palamara, Halina Bilokon, M. N. Mazziotta, Hyun-Chul Kim, A. Rainò, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, C. Gustavino, Gregory Tarle, S. Cecchini, C. Bemporad, S. L. Mufson, C. Favuzzi, H. Dekhissi, S. Coutu, R. Antolini, M. Ambrosio, G. Battistoni, R.M. Heinz, C. W. Peck, M. Cozzi, Roberto Bellotti, Yvonne Becherini, Fabrizio Cei, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, Andrea Carlo Marini, B. C. Choudhary, D. G. Michael, S. Petrera, Annarita Margiotta, G. Mandrioli, D. Matteuzzi, R. Steinberg, A. A. Grillo, E. Lamanna, Kate Scholberg, Alec Habig, P. Bernardini, F. Guarino, Maximiliano Sioli, V. Togo, O. Erriquez, G. Sirri, F. Cafagna, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, C. De Marzo, J. A. Musser, A. Di Credico, S. Kyriazopoulou, R. C. Webb, J. L. Stone, F. Loparco, P. Pistilli, R. Pazzi, Np Longley, Maurizio Spurio, C. E. Lane, M. J. Longo, D. Martello, L. Patrizii, Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, M., Ambrosio, Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, Macro, Collaboration, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiarusi, T, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Kumar, A, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Matteuzzi, D, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Magnetic monopole, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Scintillation counter, Grand Unified Theory, Macro, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: We present the final results obtained by the MACRO experiment in the search for GUT magnetic monopoles in the penetrating cosmic radiation, for the range $4\times 10^{-5}< \beta < 1$. Several searches with all the MACRO sub-detectors (i.e. scintillation counters, limited streamer tubes and nuclear track detectors) were performed, both in stand alone and combined ways. No candidates were detected and a 90% Confidence Level (C.L.) upper limit to the local magnetic monopole flux was set at the level of $1.4\times 10^{-16}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ sr$^{-1}$. This result is the first experimental limit obtained in direct searches which is well below the Parker bound in the whole $\beta$ range in which GUT magnetic monopoles are expected., Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 9 figures and 2 Tables
Published: 2002

36. Matter Effects in Upward-Going Muons and Sterile Neutrino Oscillations

Author: M. Giorgini, V. Chiarella, L. Perrone, G. Sirri, F. Maaroufi, E. Kearns, Sergio Petrera, Lindsey Gray, O. Erriquez, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Mario Sitta, P. Monacelli, F. Cafagna, Marco Monteno, Barry C. Barish, C. Gustavino, V. Bisi, H. Dekhissi, M. N. Mazziotta, D. Bakari, I. De Mitri, Michael J. Longo, C. R. Bower, J. Derkaoui, S. Coutu, L. Patrizii, D. Campana, M. Carboni, Yvonne Becherini, Alexander Grillo, V. Popa, C. De Marzo, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, G. Mandrioli, Fabrizio Cei, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, A. Surdo, J. A. Musser, Ioannis Katsavounidis, C. Forti, Donato Nicolo, P. Pistilli, G. de Cataldo, R. Pazzi, A. Rrhioua, G. Giacomelli, M. Spinetti, P. Serra, Kate Scholberg, P. Bernardini, A. Di Credico, Vincenzo Patera, A. Baldini, S P Mikheyev, Annarita Margiotta, O. Palamara, Maurizio Spurio, S. Kyriazopoulou, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, Np Longley, Paolo Lipari, S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, C. Orth, C. E. Lane, R. C. Webb, Roberto Bellotti, L. R. Sulak, C. Satriano, B. C. Choudhary, C. W. Walter, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, S. L. Mufson, M. Grassi, M. Vakili, A. Rainò, G. C. Barbarino, R. Caruso, Hyun-Chul Kim, E. Iarocci, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, C. Bemporad, M. Ambrosio, E. Katsavounidis, R.M. Heinz, Teresa Montaruli, Frederic Jean Ronga, Eugenio Scapparone, G. Battistoni, D. Martello, M. De Vincenzi, Giuseppe Osteria, R. Nolty, M. Brigida, R. Antolini, G. Giannini, C. Bloise, N. Giglietto, Maximiliano Sioli, V. Togo, L. Miller, D. Levin, Alec Habig, J. L. Stone, F. Loparco, A. Sciubba, Fausto Guarino, E. Lamanna, C. W. Peck, D. G. Michael, R. Steinberg, P. Fusco, Andrea Carlo Marini, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Gray L., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rrhioua A., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C.W., Webb R., Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Gray, L, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, and Macro, Collaboration
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sterile neutrino, Particle physics, Muon, Oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, MACRO, Gran Sasso, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physique des particules élémentaires, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Mixing (physics), Charged current
Abstract: The angular distribution of upward-going muons produced by atmospheric neutrinos in the rock below the MACRO detector show anomalies in good agreement with two flavor neutrino-mu ==> neutrino-tau oscillations with maximum mixing and Delta m**2 around 0.0024 eV**2. Exploiting the dependence of magnitude of the matter effect on oscillation channel, and using a set of 809 upward-going muons observed in MACRO, we show that the two flavor neutrino-mu ==> neutrino-sterile oscillation is disfavored with 99% C.L. with respect to neutrino-mu ==> neutrino-tau., 7 pages 4 figures Submitted to Physics Letters B
Published: 2001

37. functionalObjects.h: Using symbolic syntax in C++ programs

Author: R. Nolty, Bhat, P. C., and Kasemann, M.
Subjects: Physics, Statement (computer science), Particle physics, Syntax (programming languages), Programming language, FOS: Physical sciences, computer.software_genre, Symbolic computation, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Simple (abstract algebra), ComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATION, Computer Science::Mathematical Software, Computer Science::Programming Languages, Computer Science::Symbolic Computation, Programmer, computer
Abstract: functionalObjects.h allows the C++ programmer performing common mathematical calculations to use a more symbolic syntax rather than an algorithmic syntax. This is not as ambitious as a symbolic manipulation program such as Mathematica; it is more like having the ability to drop a very simple Mathematica statement into a C++ program., Paper presented at ACAT2000, the Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques conference
Published: 2001

38. Neutrino astronomy with the MACRO detector

Author: M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, G. Auriemma, D. Bakari, A. Baldini, G. C. Barbarino, B. C. Barish, G. Battistoni, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, P. Bernardini, H. Bilokon, V. Bisi, C. Bloise, C. Bower, M. Brigida, S. Bussino, F. Cafagna, M. Calicchio, D. Campana, M. Carboni, S. Cecchini, F. Cei, V. Chiarella, B. C. Choudhary, S. Coutu, G. De Cataldo, H. Dekhissi, C. De Marzo, I. De Mitri, J. Derkaoui, M. De Vincenzi, A. di Credico, O. Enriquez, C. Favuzzi, C. Forti, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, M. Giorgini, M. Grassi, L. Gray, A. Grillo, F. Guarino, C. Gustavino, A. Habig, K. Hanson, R. Heinz, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidis, I. Katsavounidis, E. Kearns, H. Kim, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, D. S. Levin, P. Lipari, N. P. Longley, M. J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Maaroufi, G. Mancarella, G. Mandrioli, S. Manzoor, A. Margiotta, A. Marini, D. Martello, A. Marzari‐Chiesa, M. N. Mazziotta, D. G. Michael, S. Mikheyev, L. Miller, P. Monacelli, T. Montaruli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Nicolo, R. Nolty, C. Okada, C. Orth, G. Osteria, M. Ouchrif, O. Palamara, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C. W. Peck, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, P. Pistilli, V. Popa, A. Raino, J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, C. Satriano, L. Satta, E. Scapparone, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, P. Serra, M. Sioli, M. Sitta, P. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, R. Steinberg, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarle, V. Togo, M. Vakili, E. Vilela, C. W. Walter, R. Webb, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistioni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchi, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Gray, L, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Ouchrif, M, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Vilela, E, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Gray L., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Manzoor S., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Ouchrif M., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Vilela E., Walter C.W., Webb R., Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, and Macro, Collaboration
Subjects: Physics, Elementary particles, gamma rays : observations, Muon, Annihilation, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics, elementary particles, gamma rays: observations, Gamma rays: observations, Elementary particle, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract: High energy gamma ray astronomy is now a well established field and several sources have been discovered in the region from a few GeV up to several TeV. If sources involving hadronic processes exist, the production of photons would be accompanied by neutrinos too. Other possible neutrino sources could be related to the annihilation of WIMPs at the center of galaxies with black holes. We present the results of a search for point-like sources using 1100 upward-going muons produced by neutrino interactions in the rock below and inside the MACRO detector in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory. These data show no evidence for a possible neutrino point-like source or for possible correlations between gamma ray bursts and neutrinos. They have been used to set flux upper limits for candidate point-like sources which are in the range 10^-14-10^-15 cm-2 s-1., Comment: 37 pages, 15 figures, replacement due to a typo in tab. 6, AASLaTex, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2001

39. Semi-Contained Neutrino Events in MACRO

Author: R. Nolty
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Macro, Neutrino, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Mixing (physics), High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Updated results are presented of low-energy ($\bar{E_\nu} \sim 5 GeV$) neutrino interactions observed by the MACRO detector. Two analyses (of different topologies) are presented; individually, and especially in their ratio, they are inconsistent with no oscillations and consistent with maximal mixing at $\Delta m^2$ of a few times $10^{-3}$., Comment: Paper presented at DPF2000, the American Physical Society's Division of Particles and Fields conference
Published: 2000
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40. Study of primary interactions with multiple muons in MACRO

Author: F.J. Ronga, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, M. Goretti, P. Pistilli, R. Pazzi, S P Mikheyev, A. Corona, Marco Grassi, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, A DiCredico, M. Carboni, C. Okada, P Guamaccia, Roberto Bellotti, E. Kearns, M. Spinetti, G. DeCataldo, Mario Sitta, R. Liu, L. Miller, D. Levin, M. Severi, C. Gustavino, G. Tarle, O. Erriquez, R. Baker, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, N. D. Pignatano, G. C. Barbarino, I DeMitri, M. J. Longo, D. Martello, Patera, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, J. Musser, Andrea Carlo Marini, C. DeMarzo, A. Rainò, U. Rubizzo, S. Parlati, Jl Stone, C. Bemporad, D. G. Michael, G. Ludlam, F. Cafagna, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Popa, P. Serra-Lugaresi, Kael Hanson, Eugenio Scapparone, C. Favuzzi, E. Lamanna, P. Spinelli, Marco Monteno, J. Reynoldson, P. Bernardini, R.M. Heinz, C. R. Bower, R. Steinberg, E. Iarocci, Togo, T. Bosio, M. Mittelbrunn, R. Fantini, M. Devincenzi, S. Cecchini, M. G. Castellano, P. Monacelli, C. W. Peck, S. Petrera, Alec Habig, G. Osteria, G. Battistoni, L. Satta, S. Coutu, C. W. Walter, H. Dekhissi, A. A. Grillo, A. Hawthorne, R. Antolini, C. Satriano, R. Nolty, G. Auriemma, T. Montaruli, G. Giannini, Valente, Paolo Lipari, A. Sciubba, O. Palamara, S. Kyriazopoulou, Chiarella, Mn Mazziotta, B. C. Barish, Bisi, N. Giglietto, R. C. Webb, P. F. Spada, C. Orth, F. Sartogo, J. T. Hong, Np Longley, Fabrizio Cei, C. E. Lane, L. Patrizii, M. Ambrosio, G. Mandrioli, F. Guarino, G. Liu, Donato Nicolo, Y. Lu, E. Katsavounidis, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, D. Campana, A. Sanzgiri, A. M. Baldini, L. R. Sulak, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guamaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Lu, Y, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Mittelbrunn, M, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spada, Pf, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Guarino, Fausto, and Tha MACRO, Collaboration
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Primary (chemistry), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Comic ray, MACRO, Macro, Underground detector, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: The MACRO underground experiment has started a systematic experimental study of the structure of a very high multiplicity event sample, with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the features of the high energy showers. We present here two new analyses: a) the analysis of the distribution of the separation between pairs of high multiplicity muons (''decoherence'' function); b) the search for clusters of muons within high multiplicity events. The first results are discussed together with a comparison between the real data and the Monte Carlo predictions.
Published: 1996

41. Study of the cosmic ray primary composition at E0 ~ 1000 TeV by EAS-TOP and MACRO at Gran Sasso

Author: G. Tarle, Togo, Edward Diehl, L. R. Sulak, R. Baker, S. Parlati, J. Petrakis, Sp Mikheyev, R. Antolini, F.J. Ronga, R.M. Heinz, E. Lamanna, Marco Monteno, C. DeMarzo, J. Steele, Kate Scholberg, G. Ludlam, Kael Hanson, A. Corona, R. Liu, F. Guarino, G. Giannini, M. Mittelbrun, G. Liu, E. Vilela, E. Katsavounidis, L. Patrizii, N. Giglietto, G. Mandrioli, S. L. Mufson, A. Margiotta-Neri, Chiarella, G. DeCataldo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, O. Erriquez, A. Sanzgiri, C. Satriano, C. Okada, B. Pavesi, G. Battistoni, E. Kearns, Roberto Bellotti, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Jl Stone, Donato Nicolo, M. Devincenzi, S. Petrera, Y. Lu, J. T. Hong, Am Chiesa, M. Severi, R. Nolty, C. W. Walter, P. Guarnaccia, D. Campana, H. Dekhissi, C. E. Lane, L. Satta, Ps Lugaresi, M. J. Longo, Fabrizio Cei, M. Ambrosio, G. C. Barbarino, P. Spinelli, Marco Grassi, D. Martello, Eugenio Scapparone, P. Bernardini, A. Rainò, C. Bemporad, P. Pistilli, R. Pazzi, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, M. Spinetti, C. Favuzzi, Ana Maria Marin, A. A. Grillo, A. Sciubba, O. Palamara, B. C. Barish, A DiCredico, M. Carboni, Patera, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, G. Auriemma, G. Navarra, W. A. Worstell, G. Osteria, S. Cecchini, Alec Habig, L. Miller, D. Levin, N. D. Pignatano, A. Baldini, S. Coutu, P. Monacelli, S. Kyriazopoulou, R. C. Webb, C. R. Bower, G. Mancarella, S. P. Ahlen, J. Reynoldson, Patrick Green, J. A. Musser, F. Cafagna, Valente, Paolo Lipari, Mn Mazziotta, Bisi, E. Iarocci, C. W. Peck, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, Andrea Carlo Marini, D. G. Michael, R. Steinberg, Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, The, Macro, and EAS TOP, Collaborations
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Primary (astronomy), Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Macro, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: An analysis of the coincident deep underground muon data and of the e.m. component of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) as measured by the MACRO and EAS-TOP experiments at Gran Sasso is presented. Constraints on the primary cosmic ray composition are obtained, with the use of an interaction model that is based on collider data. The possibility of extrapolating the directly measured energy spectra to our energy range is tested.
Published: 1994

42. Relevance of the hadronic interaction model in the interpretation of multiple muon data as detected with the MACRO experiment

Author: G. de Cataldo, F.J. Ronga, L. Gray, G. Tarle, Armando Rastelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, R. Antolini, F. Cafagna, C. W. Peck, Donato Nicolo, A. Margiotta Neri, R.M. Heinz, M. Sioli, M. Grassi, E. Iarocci, I. De Mitri, C. Orth, M. J. Longo, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, P. Serra-Lugaresi, P. Spinelli, C. R. Bower, D. G. Michael, C. Mazzotta, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, Carla Aramo, Kael Hanson, Roberto Bellotti, D. Martello, M. Severi, F. Maaroufi, Vincenzo Patera, Marco Monteno, L. R. Sulak, C. De Marzo, L. De Benedictis, U. Rubizzo, V. Chiarella, A. Sciubba, M. Spinetti, J. L. Stone, A. Baldini, Paolo Lipari, Erik Katsavounidis, S. Cecchini, S. L. Mufson, M. De Vincenzi, B. C. Barish, J. A. Musser, M. N. Mazziotta, R. Steinberg, M. Carboni, O. Palamara, C. Favuzzi, L. Satta, A. Di Credico, A. Sanzgiri, O. Erriquez, Giuseppe Osteria, D. Campana, S. Kyriazopoulou, P. Monacelli, C. Forti, A. A. Grillo, A. Surdo, V. Popa, L. Patrizii, G. Giacomelli, Shahid Manzoor, C. Bloise, R. C. Webb, P. Fusco, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, Andrea Carlo Marini, G. Mandrioli, Mario Sitta, F. Guarino, P. Bernardini, S P Mikheyev, C. Gustavino, Marcello Castellano, G. C. Barbarino, P. Pistilli, C. W. Walter, R. Pazzi, A. Rainò, V. Bisi, G. Battistoni, C. Bemporad, S. Coutu, Eugenio Scapparone, H. Dekhissi, Maurizio Spurio, G. Mancarella, R. Nolty, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, P. Guarnaccia, Fabrizio Cei, S. Petrera, Np Longley, A. Hawthorne, M. Ambrosio, C. E. Lane, Kate Scholberg, L. Miller, D. Levin, Alec Habig, V. Togo, C. Okada, E. Kearns, A. Marzari-Chiesa, E. Lamanna, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, C., Aramo, G., Auriemma, A., Baldini, Barbarino, Giancarlo, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, S., Coutu, L., De Benedicti, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, I., De Mitri, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Grassi, L., Gray, A., Grillo, Guarino, Fausto, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, F., Maaroufi, G., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, S., Manzoor, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, D., Martello, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, C., Mazzotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Rainó, A., Rastelli, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, G. C., Barbarino, DE MITRI, Ivan, F., Guarino, Mancarella, Giovanni, and Martello, Daniele
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Interaction model, Relevance (information retrieval), Macro, Nuclear Experiment, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Interpretation (model theory)
Abstract: With the aim of discussing the effect of the possible sources of systematic uncertainties in simulation models, the analysis of multiple muon events from the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso is reviewed. In particular, the predictions from different currently available hadronic interaction models are compared.

43. Magnetic monopole search with the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso

Author: G. Giannini, Erik Katsavounidis, L. Miller, D. Levin, N. Giglietto, S. L. Mufson, R. Baker, L. Patrizii, A. Hawthorne, G. Mandrioli, A. Sanzgiri, F. Sartogo, N. D. Pignatano, M. Spinetti, V. Chiarella, Giuseppe Osteria, R. Pazzi, S. Parlati, J. L. Stone, F. Guarino, F.J. Ronga, Roberto Bellotti, C. W. Walter, Vincenzo Patera, Pio Pistilli, Lawrence Sulak, G. Liu, C. Bemporad, Maximiliano Sioli, V. Bisi, R. Steinberg, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, Maurizio Spurio, M. Goretti, P. Monacelli, A. A. Grillo, A. Marzari-Chiesa, C. Orth, Marco Monteno, E. Lamanna, E. Kearns, R. Antolini, M. Calicchio, G. Mancarella, C. Bloise, M. Ambrosio, Halina Bilokon, F. Cafagna, P. Fusco, G. de Cataldo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, A. Margiotta Neri, G. C. Barbarino, M. Carboni, A. Corona, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, D. G. Michael, S. Petrera, Andrea Carlo Marini, S. Cecchini, C. Okada, I. De Mitri, Np Longley, C. Favuzzi, Eugenio Scapparone, G. Ludlam, J. T. Hong, E. Iarocci, C. R. Bower, C. E. Lane, G. Battistoni, Alec Habig, M. De Vincenzi, A. Surdo, C. W. Peck, R.M. Heinz, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, Gregory Tarle, M. N. Mazziotta, C. De Marzo, R. Nolty, O. Erriquez, P. Guarnaccia, A. Rainò, M. J. Longo, P. Green, Paolo Lipari, D. Martello, J. A. Musser, V. Popa, S. Coutu, O. Palamara, D. Nicoló, A. Di Credico, V. Togo, S. Kyriazopoulou, V. Valente, R. Fantini, R. C. Webb, P. F. Spada, Fabrizio Cei, Lindsey Gray, T. Bosio, M. Grassi, P. Serra-Lugaresi, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, C. Forti, G. Giacomelli, Kate Scholberg, P. Bernardini, R. Liu, Barry C. Barish, S P Mikheyev, H. Dekhissi, Marcello Castellano, U. Rubizzo, L. Satta, D. Campana, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Guarino, Fausto, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, T., Bosio, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, R., Fantini, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, L., Gray, P., Green, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, G., Liu, R., Liu, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, G., Ludlam, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta Neri, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicoló, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, N. D., Pignatano, P., Pistilli, P., Popa, A., Rainó, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P. F., Spada, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarlé, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bosio T., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Fantini R., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Goretti M., Grassi M., Gray L., Green P., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Ludlam G., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pignatano N.D., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rubizzo U., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Sioli M., Sitta M., Spada P.F., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Gray, L, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Neri, Am, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pignatano, Nd, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Sioli, M, Sitta, M, Spada, Pf, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Detector, Magnetic monopole, Flux, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Radiation, Macro, Gran Sasso
Abstract: In this letter we present the results of the search for massive magnetic monopoles in the penetrating cosmic ray radiation using the various subdetectors of the MACRO apparatus, during the period 1989-1995. Flux limits are given for the beta = v/c range 4 x 10(-5) < beta < 1; for 10(-4) < beta < 10(-1) the limits are below the Parker bound, similar to 10(-15) cm(-2)s(-1)sr(-1). (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

44. Real time supernova neutrino burst detection with MACRO

Author: F. Maaroufi, V. Chiarella, A. Di Credico, R. Baker, S. Kyriazopoulou, P. Monacelli, R. C. Webb, C. W. Peck, V. Bisi, L. Miller, D. Levin, L. Patrizii, G. Battistoni, C. Bemporad, M. Spinetti, S. Coutu, D. Campana, R. Nolty, G. Mandrioli, C. Mazzotta, P. Guarnaccia, P. Pistilli, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, Lindsey Gray, Paolo Lipari, L. De Benedictis, S. Petrera, Andrea Carlo Marini, Maximiliano Sioli, Vincenzo Patera, F. Cafagna, A. Margiotta Neri, V. Valente, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, Fabrizio Cei, V. Togo, Erik Katsavounidis, D. G. Michael, J. L. Stone, F. Guarino, R. Pazzi, E. Lamanna, G. C. Barbarino, G. Ludlam, C. Forti, E. Kearns, Np Longley, G. Giacomelli, I. De Mitri, A. A. Grillo, C. R. Bower, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, S. L. Mufson, Maurizio Spurio, M. Grassi, M. N. Mazziotta, C. E. Lane, Eugenio Scapparone, R. Steinberg, C. Orth, C. De Marzo, O. Palamara, S. Cecchini, P. Serra-Lugaresi, J. A. Musser, E. Iarocci, S P Mikheyev, Marcello Castellano, A. Sanzgiri, C. Favuzzi, Alec Habig, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, J. T. Hong, P. Spinelli, M. Severi, Kael Hanson, R.M. Heinz, M. De Vincenzi, M. J. Longo, C. Okada, C. Satriano, G. Auriemma, D. Martello, O. Erriquez, Roberto Bellotti, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, P. Celio, A. Hawthorne, M. Ambrosio, Giuseppe Osteria, S. Parlati, M. Carboni, Shahid Manzoor, A. Surdo, C. W. Walter, G. Mancarella, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, L. Satta, L. R. Sulak, D. Nicoló, F.J. Ronga, A. Corona, Gregory Tarle, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, R. Antolini, G. de Cataldo, A. Rainò, V. Popa, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Kate Scholberg, Marco Monteno, P. Bernardini, R. Liu, U. Rubizzo, Barry C. Barish, H. Dekhissi, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, Bernardini, Paolo, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, C., Bower, S., Bussino, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, P., Celio, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, L. D., Benedicti, G. D., Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C. D., Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M. D., Vincenzi, A. D., Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, L., Gray, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, R., Liu, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, G., Ludlam, F., Maaroufi, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, S., Manzoor, A. M., Neri, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, C., Mazzotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra Lugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sioli, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Celio, P, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, De Benedictis, L, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Gray, L, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Ludlam, G, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Neri, Am, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Mazzotta, C, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra Lugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sioli, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Celio P., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., de Benedictis L., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Grassi M., Gray L., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Ludlam G., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Manzoor S., Margiotta Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Mazzotta C., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rubizzo U., Sanzgiri A., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sioli M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Guarino, Fausto, P., Bernardini, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, L., De Benedicti, G., De Cataldo, C., De Marzo, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Grassi, A., Margiotta Neri, D., Nicoló, A., Rainó, and G., Tarlé
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Supernova, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astronomy, Stellar gravitational collapse, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, Galaxy, Neutrino detector, Gravitational collapse, galaxy, stellar gravitational collapse, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The MACRO experiment has been running as a supernova neutrino detector since 1989 and is sensitive to the whole galaxy since the beginning of 1992. A galactic supernova would produce some hundreds of events in the detector, We describe our stellar gravitational collapse online monitors and alarm system, and present the results of a search for neutrino bursts from supernovae during a period of 1.5 yr. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

45. High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. I. Analysis methods and experimental results

Author: Roberto Bellotti, J. T. Hong, Marco Monteno, C. Forti, C. W. Walter, A. Di Credico, L. Miller, D. Levin, G. Giacomelli, Alec Habig, S. Kyriazopoulou, G. Battistoni, S P Mikheyev, G. Mancarella, G. Auriemma, Marcello Castellano, O. Erriquez, Gregory Tarle, D. Campana, J. Reynoldson, Teresa Montaruli, E. Kearns, F.J. Ronga, S. Coutu, U. Rubizzo, R. Nolty, P. Guarnaccia, R.M. Heinz, M. Severi, R. Fantini, M. Calicchio, Halina Bilokon, V. Popa, G. Osteria, L. Patrizii, R. C. Webb, C. Bemporad, S. Cecchini, M. Goretti, M. J. Longo, R. Baker, C. Favuzzi, C. Bloise, V. Valente, D. Nicoló, I. De Mitri, P. Fusco, A. Marzari-Chiesa, V. Bisi, C. R. Bower, D. Martello, G. Mandrioli, S. Petrera, Andrea Carlo Marini, M. Ambrosio, A. Corona, O. Palamara, N. P. Longley, Kate Scholberg, Pio Pistilli, C. De Marzo, P. Bernardini, C. E. Lane, L. Satta, C. Satriano, M. Spinetti, R. Antolini, J. A. Musser, G. C. Barbarino, Erik Katsavounidis, F. Guarino, L. R. Sulak, E. Lamanna, S. L. Mufson, C. W. Peck, A. A. Grillo, A. Rainò, A. Margiotta-Neri, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, G. Giannini, A. Hawthorne, A. Sanzgiri, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, H. Dekhissi, Eugenio Scapparone, M. De Vincenzi, R. Pazzi, C. Okada, V. Togo, F. Sartogo, D. G. Michael, F. Cei, F. Cafagna, C. Orth, Maurizio Spurio, N. Giglietto, R. Steinberg, G. de Cataldo, V. Chiarella, T. Bosio, P. Monacelli, J. L. Stone, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, P. Serra-Lugaresi, B. C. Barish, M. Ricciardi, M. Carboni, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, A. Surdo, Paolo Lipari, E. Iarocci, S. Parlati, M. Grassi, M. N. Mazziotta, Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Auriemma G., Baker R., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bosio T., Bower C., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Castellano M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Corona A., Coutu S., De Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Erriquez O., Fantini R., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Goretti M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Guarnaccia P., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Kearns E., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta-Neri A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Petrera S., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ricciardi M., Ronga F., Rubizzo U., Sanzgiri A., Sartogo F., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra-Lugaresi P., Severi M., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Valente V., Walter C.W., Webb R., Barbarino, Giancarlo, and Guarino, Fausto
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, Particle physics, Muon, Quantum decoherence, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Cosmic ray, MACRO, Gran Sasso, Nuclear physics, Angular distribution, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Macro, Analysis method
Abstract: In this paper, the first of a two-part work, we present the reconstruction and measurement of muon events detected underground by the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso (E{sub {mu}}{ge} 1.3 TeV in atmosphere). The main aim of this work is to discuss the muon multiplicity distribution as measured in the detector. The data sample analyzed consists of 4.4{times}10{sup 6} muon events, of which {approximately} 263000 are multiple muons, corresponding to a total live time of 5850 h. In this sample, the observed multiplicities extend above N{sub {mu}}=35, with intermuon separations up to 50 m and beyond. Additional complementing measurements, such as the inclusive muon flux, the angular distribution, and the muon separation distribution (decoherence), are also included. The physical interpretation of the results presented here is reported in the following companion paper. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

46. Performance of the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso: Moon shadow and seasonal variations

Author: P. Serra-Lugaresi, O. Erriquez, L. Miller, D. Levin, C. W. Walter, F. Cafagna, M. Severi, A. Di Credico, N. D. Pignatano, S. Kyriazopoulou, G. Battistoni, P. Spinelli, Kael Hanson, F.J. Ronga, R. C. Webb, G. Mancarella, P. Bernardini, G. de Cataldo, P. F. Spada, G. C. Barbarino, L. Satta, J. Reynoldson, V. Chiarella, J. L. Stone, R. Nolty, Teresa Montaruli, L. De Benedictis, D. G. Michael, M. Goretti, P. Guarnaccia, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, L. R. Sulak, E. Iarocci, H. Dekhissi, C. De Marzo, J. A. Musser, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, A. Baldini, A. Corona, B. C. Barish, Pio Pistilli, D. Campana, P. Monacelli, R. Pazzi, V. Togo, M. Carboni, R. Fantini, Eugenio Scapparone, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, C. Orth, Maurizio Spurio, Kate Scholberg, C. Forti, G. Ludlam, R. Liu, A. Surdo, A. A. Grillo, G. Giacomelli, F. Guarino, R. Antolini, U. Rubizzo, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, M. J. Longo, G. Giannini, M. Calicchio, O. Palamara, A. Rainò, G. Liu, Halina Bilokon, S P Mikheyev, D. Martello, Marcello Castellano, M. N. Mazziotta, F. Maaroufi, E. Vilela, P. Green, N. Giglietto, Erik Katsavounidis, S. Cecchini, S. L. Mufson, C. Favuzzi, C. Bemporad, A. Margiotta-Neri, A. Sanzgiri, M. Spinetti, Alec Habig, S. Coutu, J. T. Hong, R. Baker, V. Popa, T. Bosio, M. Grassi, V. Bisi, Donato Nicolo, M. De Vincenzi, Giuseppe Osteria, C. Satriano, S. Parlati, Marco Monteno, G. Auriemma, A. Hawthorne, Paolo Lipari, V. Valente, M. Ambrosio, F. Sartogo, G. Tarle, Fabrizio Cei, Roberto Bellotti, R.M. Heinz, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, S. Petrera, Andrea Carlo Marini, C. W. Peck, R. Steinberg, A. Marzari-Chiesa, L. Patrizii, G. Mandrioli, E. Lamanna, C. Okada, E. Kearns, Np Longley, C. E. Lane, Giglietto, N., Ambrosio, M., Antolini, R., Auriemma, G., Baker, R., Baldini, A., Barbarino, G. C., Barish, B. C., Battistoni, G., Bellotti, R., Bemporad, C., Bernardini, P., Bilokon, H., Bisi, V., Bloise, C., Bosio, T., Bower, C., Bussino, S., Cafagna, F., Calicchio, M., Campana, D., Carboni, M., Castellano, M., Cecchini, S., Cei, F., Chiarella, V., Corona, A., Coutu, S., de Benedictis, L., de Cataldo, G., Dekhissi, H., de Marzo, C., de Mitri, I., de Vincenzi, M., di Credico, A., Erriquez, O., Fantini, R., Favuzzi, C., Forti, C., Fusco, P., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, G., Goretti, M., Grassi, M., Green, P., Grillo, A., Guarino, F., Guarnaccia, P., Gustavino, C., Habig, A., Hanson, K., Hawthorne, A., Heinz, R., Hong, J. T., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidis, E., Kearns, E., Kyriazopoulou, S., Lamanna, E., Lane, C., Levin, D. S., Lipari, P., Liu, G., Liu, R., Longley, N. P., Longo, M. J., Ludlam, G., Maaroufi, F., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, G., Margiotta-Neri, A., Marini, A., Martello, D., Marzari-Chiesa, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Michael, D. G., Mikheyev, S., Miller, L., Monacelli, P., Montaruli, T., Monteno, M., Mufson, S., Musser, J., Nicoló, D., Nolty, R., Okada, C., Orth, C., Osteria, G., Palamara, O., Parlati, S., Patera, V., Patrizii, L., Pazzi, R., Peck, C. W., Petrera, S., Pignatano, N. D., Pistilli, P., Popa, V., Rainó, A., Reynoldson, J., Ronga, F., Rubizzo, U., Sanzgiri, A., Sartogo, F., Satriano, C., Satta, L., Scapparone, E., Scholberg, K., Sciubba, A., Serra-Lugaresi, P., Severi, M., Sitta, M., Spada, P. F., Spinelli, P., Spinetti, M., Spurio, M., Steinberg, R., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Surdo, A., Tarlé, G., Togo, V., Valente, V., Vilela, E., Walter, C. W., and Webb, R.
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Geography, Meteorology, Shadow, Detector, Macro, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

47. The MACRO detector at Gran Sasso

Author: S. Cecchini, C. Favuzzi, Paolo Lipari, G. de Cataldo, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, D. Di Ferdinando, A. Candela, G. Auriemma, Maximiliano Sioli, P. Pistilli, L. Degli Esposti, A. Marzari-Chiesa, L Mossbarger, L. Perrone, R. Pazzi, C. Forti, M Orsini, A. Rrhioua, G. Giacomelli, V. Chiarella, P. Creti, Mario Sitta, C. Gustavino, C. Orth, Marco Monteno, C. W. Walter, C. W. Peck, M. Goretti, M. Vakili, V. Togo, M. Perchiazzi, Lindsey Gray, S P Mikheyev, Vincenzo Patera, E Bottazzi, M. Calicchio, E. Iarocci, J. L. Stone, L. Satta, Barry C. Barish, D. Bakari, R. Assiro, R.M. Heinz, Halina Bilokon, Maurizio Spurio, A. Surdo, D. Levin, A. Sciubba, E. Barbarito, A. Baldini, F. Loparco, O. Palamara, G. Battistoni, N. D. Pignatano, P Saggese, M. Ouchrif, C. Valieri, J. Hanson, R. Antolini, H. Dekhissi, M. Spinetti, R. Nolty, G. Giannini, A. Sacchetti, P. Monacelli, Erik Katsavounidis, A. Hawthorne, V. Bisi, G. Sirri, F. Guarino, M. Carboni, P. Serra, R. Steinberg, R. Giacomelli, S. L. Mufson, A. Rainò, M. Gebhard, Gabriele Pellizzoni, J. Reynoldson, G. Mandrioli, M. Brigida, Teresa Montaruli, M. Cozzi, M. Giorgini, S. Parlati, V. Marrelli, G. Liu, C. Bemporad, S. Coutu, C. Bloise, P. Fusco, D. G. Michael, F. Maaroufi, N. Giglietto, V. Popa, Frederic Jean Ronga, Andrea Carlo Marini, Alec Habig, G. Osteria, E. Kearns, M. J. Longo, J. Petrakis, J. Derkaoui, Donato Nicolo, A. Ceres, H.Y. Kim, H. Grau, Lawrence Sulak, Annarita Margiotta, C. Okada, S Sondergaard, D. Martello, Shahid Manzoor, M. Mongelli, O. Erriquez, D. Campana, M. De Vincenzi, A. A. Grillo, M. N. Mazziotta, L. Miller, P. Spinelli, A. Leone, Kael Hanson, M. Ambrosio, Gregory Tarle, N. Zaccheo, F. Cafagna, B. C. Choudhary, R. Diotallevi, G. C. Barbarino, Roberto Bellotti, Eugenio Scapparone, Yvonne Becherini, Fabrizio Cei, G. Mancarella, Kate Scholberg, R. Liu, P. Bernardini, E. Lamanna, C. Satriano, A. Di Credico, J. T. Hong, Np Longley, S. Kyriazopoulou, C. E. Lane, S. Petrera, R. Giuliani, L. Patrizii, S. Stalio, Ioannis Katsavounidis, R. C. Webb, C. Pinto, M. Grassi, I. De Mitri, C. R. Bower, C. De Marzo, J. A. Musser, Guarino, Fausto, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Assiro, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barbarito, E, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bottazzi, E, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Candela, A, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Ceres, A, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, Creti, P, De Cataldo, G, Degli Esposti, L, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Di Ferdinando, D, Diotallevi, R, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Gebhard, M, Giacomelli, G, Giacomelli, R, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Giuliani, R, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Grau, H, Gray, L, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, J, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Leone, A, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Marrelli, V, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Mongelli, M, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mossbarger, L, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orsini, M, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Ouchrif, M, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Pellizzoni, G, Perchiazzi, M, Perrone, L, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, N, Pinto, C, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Sacchetti, A, Saggese, P, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Sondergaard, S, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Stalio, S, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Valieri, C, Walter, Cw, Webb, R, Zaccheo, N., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Assiro R., Auriemma G., Bakari D., Baldini A., Barbarino G.C., Barbarito E., Barish B.C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bisi V., Bloise C., Bottazzi E., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Candela A., Carboni M., Cecchini S., Cei F., Ceres A., Chiarella V., Choudhary B.C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., Creti P., De Cataldo G., Degli Esposti L., Dekhissi H., De Marzo C., De Mitri I., Derkaoui J., De Vincenzi M., Di Credico A., Di Ferdinando D., Diotallevi R., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Gebhard M., Giacomelli G., Giacomelli R., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Giuliani R., Goretti M., Grassi M., Grau H., Gray L., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson J., Hanson K., Hawthorne A., Heinz R., Hong J.T., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Leone A., Levin D.S., Lipari P., Liu G., Liu R., Longley N.P., Longo M.J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Manzoor S., Marrelli V., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M.N., Michael D.G., Mikheyev S., Miller L., Monacelli P., Mongelli M., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mossbarger L., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolo D., Nolty R., Okada C., Orsini M., Orth C., Osteria G., Ouchrif M., Palamara O., Parlati S., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C.W., Pellizzoni G., Perchiazzi M., Perrone L., Petrakis J., Petrera S., Pignatano N., Pinto C., Pistilli P., Popa V., Raino A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Rrhioua A., Sacchetti A., Saggese P., Satriano C., Satta L., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Serra P., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Sondergaard S., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Stalio S., Steinberg R., Stone J.L., Sulak L.R., Surdo A., Tarle G., Togo V., Vakili M., Valieri C., Walter C.W., Webb R., Zaccheo N., Bernardini, Paolo, Martello, Daniele, DE MITRI, Ivan, Perrone, Lorenzo, Mancarella, Giovanni, and Macro, Collaboration
Subjects: astroparticle phusics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, astroparticle physics, cosmic-ray composition, deep underground detector, energy-spectrum, moving magnetic monopoles, muon intensity, nuclear track detectors, search, streamer tubes, system, transition radiation detector, underground detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmic ray, Astroparticle physic, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, Physics, Detector, Transition radiation detector, Astroparticle physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Lepton
Abstract: MACRO was an experiment that ran in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso from 1988 to 2000. Its principal goal was to observe magnetic monopoles or set significantly lower experimental flux limits than had been previously available in the velocity range from about beta = 10(-4) to unity. In addition it made a variety of other observations. Examples are: setting flux limits on other so far unobserved particles such as nuclearites and lightly ionizing particles, searching for WIMP annihilations in the Earth and the Sun and for neutrino bursts from stellar collapses in or near our Galaxy, and making measurements relevant to high energy muon and neutrino astronomy and of the flux of up-going muons as a function of nadir angle showing evidence for neutrino oscillations. The apparatus consisted of three principal types of detectors: liquid scintillator counters, limited streamer tubes, and nuclear track etch detectors. In addition, over part of its area it contained a transition radiation detector. The general design philosophy emphasized redundancy and complementarity. This paper describes the technical aspects of the complete MACRO detector, its operational performance, and the techniques used to calibrate it and verify its proper operation. It supplements a previously published paper which described the first portion of the detector that was built and operated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

48. The primary cosmic ray composition between 1015 and 1016 eV from Extensive Air Showers electromagnetic and TeV muon data

Author: Aglietta M., Alessandro B., Antonioli P., Arneodo F., Bergamasco L., Bertaina M., Castagnoli C., Castellina A., Chiavassa A., Cini G., D'Ettorre Piazzoli B., di Sciascio G., Fulgione W., Galeotti P., Ghia P. L., Iacovacci M., Mannocchi G., Morello C., Navarra G., Saavedra O., Stamerra A., Trinchero G. C., Valchierotti S., Vallania P., Vernetto S., Vigorito C., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Baldini A., Barbarino G. C., Barish B. C., Battistoni G., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Choudhary B. C., Coutu S., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D. S., Lipari P., Longley N. P., Longo M. J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari Chiesa A., Mazziotta M. N., Michael D. G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolò D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C. W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Popa V., Rainò A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Steinberg R., Stone J. L., Sulak L. R., Surdo A., Tarlé G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C. W., Webb R., BECHERINI, YVONNE, CHIARUSI, TOMMASO, COZZI, MICHELA, GIACOMELLI, GIORGIO MARIA, GIORGINI, MIRIAM, MARGIOTTA, ANNARITA, SIOLI, MAXIMILIANO, SIRRI, GABRIELE, SPURIO, MAURIZIO, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, G., Cini, B., D’Ettorre Piazzoli, G., Di Sciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, M., Iacovacci, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, O., Saavedra, A., Stamerra, G. C., Trinchero, S., Valchierotti, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, C., Vigorito, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, Bernardini, Paolo, H., Bilokon, C., Bower, M., Brigida, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, R., Caruso, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, M., Cozzi, G., De Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., De Marzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, J., Derkaoui, M., De Vincenzi, A., Di Credico, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo', R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, Perrone, Lorenzo, S., Petrera, V., Popa, A., Raino', J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra, M., Sioli, G., Sirri, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle', V., Togo, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Aglietta M., Alessandro B., Antonioli P., Arneodo F., Bergamasco L., Bertaina M., Castagnoli C., Castellina A., Chiavassa A., Cini G., D'Ettorre Piazzoli B., di Sciascio G., Fulgione W., Galeotti P., Ghia P. L., Iacovacci M., Mannocchi G., Morello C., Navarra G., Saavedra O., Stamerra A., Trinchero G. C., Valchierotti S., Vallania P., Vernetto S., Vigorito C., Ambrosio M., Antolini R., Baldini A., Barbarino G. C., Barish B. C., Battistoni G., Becherini Y., Bellotti R., Bemporad C., Bernardini P., Bilokon H., Bower C., Brigida M., Bussino S., Cafagna F., Calicchio M., Campana D., Carboni M., Caruso R., Cecchini S., Cei F., Chiarella V., Chiarusi T., Choudhary B. C., Coutu S., Cozzi M., de Cataldo G., Dekhissi H., de Marzo C., de Mitri I., Derkaoui J., de Vincenzi M., di Credico A., Erriquez O., Favuzzi C., Forti C., Fusco P., Giacomelli G., Giannini G., Giglietto N., Giorgini M., Grassi M., Grillo A., Guarino F., Gustavino C., Habig A., Hanson K., Heinz R., Iarocci E., Katsavounidis E., Katsavounidis I., Kearns E., Kim H., Kyriazopoulou S., Lamanna E., Lane C., Levin D. S., Lipari P., Longley N. P., Longo M. J., Loparco F., Maaroufi F., Mancarella G., Mandrioli G., Margiotta A., Marini A., Martello D., Marzari-Chiesa A., Mazziotta M. N., Michael D. G., Monacelli P., Montaruli T., Monteno M., Mufson S., Musser J., Nicolò D., Nolty R., Orth C., Osteria G., Palamara O., Patera V., Patrizii L., Pazzi R., Peck C. W., Perrone L., Petrera S., Popa V., Rainò A., Reynoldson J., Ronga F., Satriano C., Scapparone E., Scholberg K., Sciubba A., Sioli M., Sirri G., Sitta M., Spinelli P., Spinetti M., Spurio M., Steinberg R., Stone J. L., Sulak L. R., Surdo A., Tarlé G., Togo V., Vakili M., Walter C. W., and Webb R.
Subjects: Sciami estesi, Raggi cosmici, EAS-TOP, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Muoni sotterranei, High Energy Physics::Experiment, MACRO, Composizione
Abstract: The cosmic ray primary composition in the energy range between 10**15 and 10**16 eV, i.e., around the "knee" of the primary spectrum, has been studied through the combined measurements of the EAS-TOP air shower array (2005 m a.s.l., 10**5 m**2 collecting area) and the MACRO underground detector (963 m a.s.l., 3100 m w.e. of minimum rock overburden, 920 m**2 effective area) at the National Gran Sasso Laboratories. The used observables are the air shower size (Ne) measured by EAS-TOP and the muon number (Nmu) recorded by MACRO. The two detectors are separated on average by 1200 m of rock, and located at a respective zenith angle of about 30 degrees. The energy threshold at the surface for muons reaching the MACRO depth is approximately 1.3 TeV. Such muons are produced in the early stages of the shower development and in a kinematic region quite different from the one relevant for the usual Nmu-Ne studies. The measurement leads to a primary composition becoming heavier at the knee of the primary spectrum, the knee itself resulting from the steepening of the spectrum of a primary light component (p, He). The result confirms the ones reported from the observation of the low energy muons at the surface (typically in the GeV energy range), showing that the conclusions do not depend on the production region kinematics. Thus, the hadronic interaction model used (CORSIKA/QGSJET) provides consistent composition results from data related to secondaries produced in a rapidity region exceeding the central one. Such an evolution of the composition in the knee region supports the "standard" galactic acceleration/propagation models that imply rigidity dependent breaks of the different components, and therefore breaks occurring at lower energies in the spectra of the light nuclei.
Published: 2004

49. Calibrations of CR39 and Makrofol nuclear track detectors and search for exotic particles

Author: Togo, V, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, S, Cafagna, F, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, Rossella, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiarusi, T, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Kumar, A, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, Ds, Lipari, P, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Matteuzzi, D, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., V., Togo, M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, D., Bakari, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, Y., Becherini, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, P., Bernardini, H., Bilokon, C., Bloise, C., Bower, M., Brigida, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, M., Carboni, R., Caruso, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, T., Chiarusi, B. C., Choudhary, S., Coutu, M., Cozzi, G. D., Cataldo, H., Dekhissi, C. D., Marzo, O., Erriquez, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Giorgini, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, R., Heinz, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, I., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, H., Kim, S., Kyriazopoulou, A., Kumar, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, M. J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Maaroufi, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, S., Manzoor, A., Margiotta, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzari Chiesa, D., Matteuzzi, D. G., Michael, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, L., Perrone, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, F., Ronga, A., Rrhioua, C., Satriano, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serra, M., Sioli, G., Sirri, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, T., G, M., Vakili, C. W., Walter, R., Webb, Togo, V, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Becherini, Y, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Caruso, R, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiarusi, T, Choudhary, Bc, Coutu, S, Cozzi, M, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Kumar, A, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longo, Mj, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Manzoor, S, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari Chiesa, A, Matteuzzi, D, Michael, Dg, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rrhioua, A, Satriano, C, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Vakili, M, Walter, Cw, and Webb, R.
Subjects: IONS, Exotic Particles, MAGNETIC MONOPOLES, MACRO DETECTOR, GRAN-SASSO, Nuclear Track Detector, MACRO
Abstract: We present the final results of the search for exotic massive particles in the cosmic radiation performed with the MACRO underground experiment. Magnetic monopoles and nuclearites flux upper limits obtained with the CR39 nuclear track subdetector, the scintillation and streamer tube subdetectors are given. Searches at high altitude with the SLIM experiment are in progress.
Published: 2003

50. High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO .1. Analysis methods and experimental results

Author: Ambrosio, M., Antolini, R., Auriemma, G., Baker, R., Baldini, A., Barbarino, G. C., Barish, B. C., Battistoni, G., Bellotti, R., Bemporad, C., Bernardini, P., Bilokon, H., Bisi, V., Bloise, C., Bosio, T., Bower, C., Bussino, S., Cafagna, F., Calicchio, M., Campana, D., Carboni, M., Castellano, M., Cecchini, S., Cei, F., Chiarella, V., Corona, A., Coutu, S., Decataldo, G., Dekhissi, H., Demarzo, C., Demitri, I., Devincenzi, M., Dicredico, A., Erriquez, O., Fantini, R., Favuzzi, C., Forti, C., Fusco, P., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, G., Giglietto, N., Goretti, M., Grassi, M., Grillo, A., Guarino, F., Guarnaccia, P., Gustavino, C., Habig, A., Hanson, K., Hawthorne, A., Heinz, R., Hong, J. T., Iarocci, Enzo, Katsavounidis, E., Kearns, E., Kyriazopoulou, S., Lamanna, E., Lane, C., Levin, D. S., Lipari, P., Longley, N. P., Longo, M. J., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, G., Margiottaneri, A., Marini, A., Martello, D., Marzarichiesa, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Michael, D. G., Mikheyev, S., Miller, L., Monacelli, P., Montaruli, T., Monteno, M., Mufson, S., Musser, J., Nicolo, D., Nolty, R., Okada, C., Orth, C., Osteria, G., Palamara, O., Parlati, S., Patera, Vincenzo, Patrizii, L., Pazzi, R., Peck, C. W., Petrera, S., Pistilli, P., Popa, V., Raino, A., Reynoldson, J., Ricciardi, M., Ronga, F., Rubizzo, U., Sanzgiri, A., Sartogo, F., Satriano, C., Satta, Luigi, Scapparone, E., Scholberg, K., Sciubba, Adalberto, Serralugaresi, P., Severi, M., Sitta, M., Spinelli, P., Spinetti, M., Spurio, M., Steinberg, R., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Surdo, A., Tarle, G., Togo, V., Valente, V., Walter, C. W., Webb, R., Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baker, R, Baldini, A, Barbarino, Gc, Barish, Bc, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bosio, T, Bower, C, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Castellano, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Corona, A, Coutu, S, Decataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, Demarzo, C, Demitri, I, Devincenzi, M, Dicredico, A, Erriquez, O, Fantini, R, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Goretti, M, Grassi, M, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Guarnaccia, P, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Hawthorne, A, Heinz, R, Hong, Jt, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Longley, Np, Longo, Mj, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiottaneri, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzarichiesa, A, Mazziotta, Mn, Michael, Dg, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolo, D, Nolty, R, Okada, C, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, Cw, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Raino, A, Reynoldson, J, Ricciardi, M, Ronga, F, Rubizzo, U, Sanzgiri, A, Sartogo, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serralugaresi, P, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, Jl, Sulak, Lr, Surdo, A, Tarle, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Walter, Cw, Webb, R., M., Ambrosio, R., Antolini, G., Auriemma, R., Baker, A., Baldini, G. C., Barbarino, B. C., Barish, G., Battistoni, R., Bellotti, C., Bemporad, Bernardini, Paolo, H., Bilokon, V., Bisi, C., Bloise, T., Bosio, C., Bower, S., Bussino, F., Cafagna, M., Calicchio, D., Campana, M., Carboni, M., Castellano, S., Cecchini, F., Cei, V., Chiarella, A., Corona, S., Coutu, G., Decataldo, H., Dekhissi, C., Demarzo, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., Devincenzi, A., Dicredico, O., Erriquez, R., Fantini, C., Favuzzi, C., Forti, P., Fusco, G., Giacomelli, G., Giannini, N., Giglietto, M., Goretti, M., Grassi, A., Grillo, F., Guarino, P., Guarnaccia, C., Gustavino, A., Habig, K., Hanson, A., Hawthorne, R., Heinz, J. T., Hong, E., Iarocci, E., Katsavounidi, E., Kearn, S., Kyriazopoulou, E., Lamanna, C., Lane, D. S., Levin, P., Lipari, N. P., Longley, M. J., Longo, Mancarella, Giovanni, G., Mandrioli, A., Margiottaneri, A., Marini, Martello, Daniele, A., Marzarichiesa, M. N., Mazziotta, D. G., Michael, S., Mikheyev, L., Miller, P., Monacelli, T., Montaruli, M., Monteno, S., Mufson, J., Musser, D., Nicolo, R., Nolty, C., Okada, C., Orth, G., Osteria, O., Palamara, S., Parlati, V., Patera, L., Patrizii, R., Pazzi, C. W., Peck, S., Petrera, P., Pistilli, V., Popa, A., Raino, J., Reynoldson, M., Ricciardi, F., Ronga, U., Rubizzo, A., Sanzgiri, F., Sartogo, C., Satriano, L., Satta, E., Scapparone, K., Scholberg, A., Sciubba, P., Serralugaresi, M., Severi, M., Sitta, P., Spinelli, M., Spinetti, M., Spurio, R., Steinberg, J. L., Stone, L. R., Sulak, A., Surdo, G., Tarle, V., Togo, V., Valente, C. W., Walter, and R., Webb
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: In this paper, the first of a two-part work, we present the reconstruction and measurement of muon events detected underground by the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso (E-mu greater than or equal to 1.3 TeV in atmosphere). The main aim of this work is to discuss the muon multiplicity distribution as measured in the detector. The data sample analyzed consists of 4.4 x 10(6) muon events, of which similar to 263 000 are multiple muons, corresponding to a total live time of 5850 h. In this sample, the observed multiplicities extend above N-mu = 35, with intermuon separations up to 50 m and beyond. Additional complementing measurements, such as the inclusive muon Aux, the angular distribution, and the muon separation distribution (decoherence), are also included. The physical interpretation of the results presented here is reported in the following companion paper.
Published: 1997

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