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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cement manufacturing industries are among the most common sources of air, water (surface and ground) and noise pollution, indirectly affecting those residing near cement plants. The present study was conducted to quantify the effect of cement dust emission from Cement Corporation of India's Bokajan factory in Assam, North East India, on the residences nearby, some selected household activities and the general well-being of people in its vicinity. An experiment was carried out to estimate the accumulated cement dust in households. The findings showed that household activities performed by the residents were dependent upon dust exposure, thus affecting the degree of cleaning and maintenance of their dwellings. Further, the adverse effect of cement dust was found to be more pronounced for people residing in the southern direction and lowest for those in the eastern direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This study focused on the benefits for first-year university students who lived in the university residences at a South African University joining peer groups. A qualitative approach was adopted through a case study research design. Qualitative data were collected from first-year students in 2017 through three focus group interviews with females only, males only and mixed gender in two first-year residences at a selected South African university. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal the benefits for first-year students joining peer groups in the residences at the South African university, which include gaining a sense of belonging, receiving academic support, developing student leadership roles, and involving co-curricular activities. The study supports the need for implementing enchanted first-year student programs to assist first-year students in transitioning to higher education and decrease dropout rates.

Copyright of Journal of Student Affairs in Africa is the property of Journal of Student Affairs in Africa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Design guidelines prescribed by climate analysis tools are broad and similar for various cities under the same climate zone overlooking the impact of altitude, latitude, and surrounding geographical features. Boundary conditions determined by International Standards underestimate the cooling potential of passive strategies in the free-running mode in warm-humid climates. Thus, a climate file-based study is conducted to determine city-specific requirements for the residential building program. Indices like Climatic Potential for Natural Ventilation and Climatic Cooling Potential are used in conjunction with the Indian Model for Adaptive Comfort to define boundary conditions for Natural Ventilation, Nocturnal Ventilation Potential, and Thermal Mass Potential in four inland and coastal cities in the warm-humid climate of South India. With the least Natural Ventilation Potential, mixed-mode operation of buildings is feasible in Nagercoil. Elevated airspeeds benefit Tiruchirappalli and Chennai during the day. With a Nocturnal Ventilation Potential of 10--20%, passive dehumidification is favorable in all cities. Results show that the climatic potential for each strategy varies with location and plays an important role in developing city specific design inputs for residences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’expansion des pratiques artistiques sociales et collaboratives depuis les années 1990 place les résidences d’artistes comme des dispositifs particulièrement adaptés à la construction d’une citoyenneté culturelle, notamment dans les zones isolées ou oubliées. De nombreuses résidences reçoivent des artistes pour des projets précis et les sélectionnent en fonction de leurs capacités présupposées à créer du commun, tout en répondant aux enjeux soulevés par les transformations sociétales et environnementales actuelles. Des entretiens avec des artistes et des responsables de résidence, une observation participante et l’analyse de récits de résidence ont permis d’établir que cette émancipation ne passe pas uniquement par la participation à des ateliers de création encadrés ou à des actions de médiation, mais par la présence même des artistes et les méthodes et pratiques de recherche qu’ils apportent sur le territoire. Cette présence temporaire s’ancre autour de l’hospitalité et des possibilités qu’elle offre localement. L’accueil constitue également l’une des conditions pour que des échanges se créent au gré des envies et des affinités personnelles, pour que les résidences puissent devenir des sites d’apprentissage et de production de connaissances libres. Notre étude montre enfin comment ces résidences, en laissant la possibilité au dissensus de s’exprimer, permettent la construction de la subjectivité et de la solidarité dans la résolution de problèmes communs, mêlant ainsi jouissance de droits culturels et exercice de la citoyenneté.

In a virus pandemic context, buildings ventilation has been recognized as a solution for preventing transmission of the virus in aerosolized form. The impact of the widespread recommendation of window opening and sealing door on ventilation circuits needs to be considered with a multizone approach. We modeled the airflow distribution in a building where people are isolating in a pandemic context, including one infected person. We analyzed the impact of opening the window and sealing the door in the quarantine room on exposures and probability of infection for occupants of the flat and of adjacent flats. In order to study the sensitivity of the results, we tested three ventilation systems: balanced, exhaust‐only, and humidity‐based demand‐controlled, and several window‐ and door‐opening strategies. When the door of the quarantine room is sealed, we observe that opening the window in the quarantine room always results in increased exposure and probability of infection for at least one other occupant, including in neighbors' apartments. When all internal doors are opened, we observe moderate impacts, with rather an increase of exposure of the occupants of the same apartments and of their probability of infection, and a decrease for the occupants located in other apartments. Based on the analysis on the airflows distribution in this case study, we conclude that sealing the internal door has more influence than opening the window of the quarantine room, whatever the ventilation system. We observe that this widespread recommendation to open the window of a quarantine room and to seal the door is based on the consideration of a single zone model. We illustrate the importance of moving from such a single zone approach to a multizone approach for quantifying ventilation and airing impacts in multizone buildings as residences in order to prevent epidemics of viruses such as SARS‐CoV‐2. It highlights the need of air leakage databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of TECHNE. Seria Nowa is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the 17th and 18th centuries, many travellers visited the principal centres of European power. Their accounts help us to decipher networks, localise objects, recreate opinions and trace the genesis of models, and perhaps even to establish a court culture ‘best of’. However, in the present article, we will focus above all on the question of whether these travellers’ accounts tell us anything about the perception of so-called ‘private’ and ‘public’ spaces. With the appropriate caution dictated by the delicate interpretation of the concept of ‘private life’, we will attempt to see if (and in what way) the various cultural and social influences on travellers also conditioned their perception of spaces and, in the process, had an impact on their perception of art and architecture. At any rate, it should be borne in mind that in the châteaux and residences of the Holy Roman Empire a form of restriction was part of the mise en scène, while in French châteaux – in particular that of Versailles – it was opening up that played a key role in the representational strategy.

In this work we observe the problem of the habituation bubble from the spherical ontological perspective of the German philosopher Peter Sloterdijk, as he raises it in his books Spheres I, II and III, particularly when referring to the search for shelter and the centripetal force that seeks to unite human beings. We propose that such cohesion can be identified in urban spaces called condominiums, villas, villas, town houses or counties, surrounded by barbed wire, security checkpoints and perimeter walls. They are conglomerates whose architectural structure is repeated in series and is installed as housing for habituation and room in various residential areas of Guatemala City. We consider that the human being seeks to protect himself in these isolation zones, for this reason, based on Sloterdijk's thought, we expose this search for the residential sheltering sphere, which he defines as an atomic or elemental egospheric form, and, consequently, as a bubble. Cell of the world, from whose massive repetition individualist foams arise (Sloterdijk, 2006, p. 433). Immunity, exclusivity and the search for an enveloping environment, therefore, show the crisis of the world, more precisely, in his words, that "the crisis of the soul of the world passes through the dwellings" (Sloterdijk, 2006, p. 457). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because people spend most of their time indoors, much of their exposure to ozone occurs in buildings, which are partially protective against outdoor ozone. Measurements in approximately 2000 indoor environments (residences, schools, and offices) show a central tendency for average indoor ozone concentration of 4–6 ppb and an indoor to outdoor concentration ratio of about 25%. Considerable variability in this ratio exists among buildings, as influenced by seven building‐associated factors: ozone removal in mechanical ventilation systems, ozone penetration through the building envelope, air‐change rates, ozone loss rate on fixed indoor surfaces, ozone loss rate on human occupants, ozone loss by homogeneous reaction with nitrogen oxides, and ozone loss by reaction with gas‐phase organics. Among these, the most important are air‐change rates, ozone loss rate on fixed indoor surfaces, and, in densely occupied spaces, ozone loss rate on human occupants. Although most indoor ozone originates outdoors and enters with ventilation air, indoor emission sources can materially increase indoor ozone concentrations. Mitigation technologies to reduce indoor ozone concentrations are available or are being investigated. The most mature of these technologies, activated carbon filtration of mechanical ventilation supply air, shows a high modeled health‐benefit to cost ratio when applied in densely occupied spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of TECHNE. Seria Nowa is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In Ethiopia, there is not enough information about indoor air bacterial pollution. Therefore, this study aimed to determine bacterial indoor air pollution and its associated risk factors among residences of Gondar town. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of indoor air pollution was conducted on 259 selected houses from February to May 2019. Sociodemographic and housing characteristics were collected using a questionnaire and checklist. Passive settle plate method using blood culture media was employed to collect samples and identification of isolates done by both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results: A total of 259 houses were investigated, and 13 different types of bacterial species were isolated. Of these, Bacillus species 259 (100%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species 101 (34.4%), Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella species, Citrobacter diversus, Escherichia coli, and Pantoea species were isolates. Tetracycline and cotrimoxazole were ineffective, but ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were efficient antibiotics. Educational status, presence of domestic animals within the house, and integrated toilets were significantly associated with indoor bacterial pollution (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Indoor air pollution was higher in this study than international quantification limit (5 colony-forming unit/4 h) of clean rooms. So, periodic surveillance of indoor air quality and assessing risk factors should be addressed to assess the burden and intervene accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their external appearance, the Islamic-period köshks in Central Asia, especially the characteristic buildings with corrugated outer walls, dated broadly speaking from the 7th–8th century AD to the times of the Mongol conquest at the beginning of the 13th century, are apparently fortified. However, they lack a number of features characteristic of defensive buildings. Their interpretation as residential structures in this period is indisputed, hence their apparent defensiveness has been attributed to a line of evolution from pre-Islamic architecture of this type, which played a military role. A review of various defensive elements present in these structures, compared with buildings from an earlier period, highlights this process. An apparent exception is the Great Kyz Kala at Merv, Turkmenistan, which may have not lost its defensive capacity immediately, as recent research by the UCL Institute of Archaeology Ancient Merv Project has demonstrated.

Social services face enormous challenges derived from the growing longevity of our elders, the defamiliarization of care, the strengthening of the rights of groups relatively forgotten by the States and emerging social phenomena such as unwanted loneliness or unaccompanied migrant minors. These are major challenges that will require the consolidation of provision structures that can guarantee rights. The article reviews the nature of these challenges and the dilemmas that public administrations face in their necessary collaboration with the private sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Privado (00347922) is the property of Editorial Reus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

From the second half of the seventeenth century, French architecture was the inspiration for residences throughout Europe, including in Poland. In the eighteenth century especially, the Palace of Versailles with its layout of courtyards and gardens became the dominant model. The imitation of French architecture was a question of fashion, snobbery and cosmopolitanism for the Polish elite until the mid-nineteenth century. Besides the aristocracy, the ziemiaństwo (landed gentry) and upper classes often built their residences ‘à la française’, in the French style. The same trend could be found throughout the world: in Germany (Bavaria), the United Kingdom, Austria, Russia and even the United States. However, from 1870 in Poland, the French style took on an additional significance. At that time, Poland was under occupation, and the French style became a substitute for the national style. This was particularly apparent in the Prussian partition, after the Franco-German War. The Henry IV style, the Louis XIII style or the Grand Siècle style also became a political statement, a demonstration of support for France – the historical ally of Poland – in the face of Prussian domination. In the territories occupied by Russia or Austria, the French style was more a declaration of Europeanity and cosmopolitanism. This situation lasted until the early twentieth century, when a new Polish national style was born.

The article deals with castle architecture of the late fourteenth century and is an analysis of Wenceslaus IV's castles as venues for diplomatic negotiations and use of castle premises for fairs. Vaclav IV is a very specific and contradictory figure in Czech history. His personal interests often went beyond the world of royal duties, formalities and ceremonies, which he was eager to avoid, preferring instead to devote himself to hunting or art. That is why he liked to stay in his luxury private residences and castles, which provided him with safe refuge from monarchical duties. He was particularly fond of the hunting areas in the Křivoklát region with the Křivoklát castle, where he would stay for months. Yet Křivoklát was located away from the main transport routes, so foreign envoys and ambassadors often had to look for it laboriously, which was very inconvenient. That is why Václav IV began to prefer Žebrák, next to which he later built the monumental Točni castle. The two castles were close to the most important provincial route from Prague to Nuremberg. The king's reluctance to perform his monarchical duties also influenced the form of his castles. Thus for the first time we see the ruler's private residence and "official" spaces being clearly separated in Bohemia. This is linked to the emergence of the so-called "second or banquet palaces", that is specialist buildings for receiving guests and hosting fairs, which we find in Wenceslaus IV's main castles, namely Točník, Žebrák, probably also Křivoklát and Novy hrad near Kunratice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Toxic gases emitted from electricity generating plants used for energy production process diffuse in the environment thereby causing environmental air pollution. The effect of the installation and usage of portable gasoline electricity generating plants at the balcony of different households on the indoor air quality was assessed in this study. Materials and methods: The data collected were the air quality chemical composition variables which include carbon-dioxide, formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds, coarse (PM10), and fine (PM2.5) particulate matters at the indoor of the households in Abeokuta metropolis, Ogun state, Nigeria. Physical measurement techniques used for the data collection was through the instrumentation design of two air quality testers, models WP6910 and ZN-202S. The indoor air quality assessment followed the generator nighttime usage routine between the hours of 6:30 – 10:00 pm at a measurement height of 1.3 m and the center in the living rooms of the residences assessed. Results: The analysis of the data obtained showed that the mean values for each of the air quality parameters obtained during generator usages were significantly higher when compared to the indoor air quality parameters before generator usages at p

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aging in place (AIP) is a term that is commonly used and defined in a plethora of ways. Multiple disciplines take a different stance on the definition of AIP, and its definition has evolved over time. Such diverse ways to define AIP could be a barrier to reach a shared expectation among multiple stakeholders when formulating research studies, making policy decisions, developing care plans, or designing technology tools to support older adults. We conducted a scoping review for the term AIP to understand specifically how it has been defined across time and disciplines. We collected exemplary definitions of AIP from 7 databases that represent different fields of study; namely, AgeLine, Anthropology Plus, Art and Architecture Source, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SocINDEX. We conducted a thematic analysis to identify the common concepts that emerged across the definitions identified in the scoping review. We developed 3 main categories from the themes: space, person, and time to illustrate the root of meaning across the definitions. Intersectionality across the categories yielded a comprehensive understanding of AIP, which does not constrain its definition to a place-related phenomenon. We propose that AIP be defined as " One's journey to maintain independence in one's place of residence as well as to participate in one's community." With this shared understanding of the term AIP, policymakers, researchers, technology designers, and caregivers can better support those who aim to age in the place of their choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of commentary in the text is the Bulgarians who come from Western Thrace and who live in these cities throughout the period 1913-1919. I will try to shed light upon a scarcely developed matter, or at the very least, upon some parts of it. I have headed towards a modern rendition of well-known Bulgarian authors and I have put together their pieces with archived and scientifically non-interpreted until this moment materials. I will describe a part of the image of the Bulgarians from the cities of the said community. In these cities they consist of old and new migrants. They are placed in certain spaces of life and commerce. The official institutions influence their lives to a certain degree but these people remain heavily connected to their familial-kin structures, as a whole. Elitist fractions have been formed in their communities. Furthermore, specific elements could be found in their identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject matter of residency is not the newborn of the nowadays. However، it as ancient as Man. Later ، After people have dwelt ، they have attempted to develop their planning thoughts so as to create a comfortable and secure residential environment for their own selves by way of an environmental adaptation operation and making available the services required in the residential quarter and unit. This research aims to study the urban centers of AL Mdaynah Shire and determine the social and economic problems which those urban centers suffer from and find out the proper remedies thereof. The area case study is recognized by the increase of the residential deficit and its synchronization with population and families increase and this requires for the deficit reasons to be identified through making know the residential and population problems. The present research has concluded that the key reason causing residential deficit at urban centers is attributed to the high prices of residential plots and construction costs as well as the income downturn of most population. Moreover ، the research has reflected that the increase of the number of families and population is coinciding with a minor residential balance which causes for the deficit to keep increased and there shall be permanent need for residency. Furthermore ، the costs of constructional materials do have a direct effect over the building or construction of residential units and such costs have become a major effect leading to the escalation of residency problem at urban centers of AL Mdaynah Shire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a broad consensus among care professionals about the importance of the attention to non-material needs. In the care of people with disabilities, these issues acquire a special relevance (Swinton, 2002, Clarke & Cardman, 2002, Kaye & Raghavan, 2002). Spirituality helps to face complex situations and has a direct relationship with well-being and resilience. In the health and social professions, this internal dimension must be kept in mind, either from the point of view of giving meaning to life, or in religious terms. Residential homes, where people with intellectual disabilities live, are ideal places to take care of these aspects. A questionnaire was sent to 172 professionals and the data were triangulated with interviews with family members, professionals and people with intellectual disabilities. The results show that people with disabilities who live in residences make decisions about their own lives, especially in the short term. On the other hand, these decisions decrease as it has a more long-term implication. In addition, we perceive residential homes as places where there are spaces of silence related to the interiority of people with intellectual disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mackenzie de Engenharia e Computação is the property of Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Revista Mackenzie de Engenharia e Computacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The rapid and accurate grasp of changes in residences is crucial for urban planning and urbanisation. However, the traditional methods for extracting residences exists several problems, which lead to inaccurate extraction results. In this study, the Landsat image is used to establish a new method for extracting the residences quickly and accurately. The specific steps are as follows: (1) We calculate surface albedo to exclude the interference of waters and shadows; (2) Using single-band threshold method, we eliminate the interference of shadows; (3) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index is calculated to exclude the effects of vegetation; (4) Roads are removed by calculating the shape index. Verification shows that the accuracy of this extraction method is 92.81%, which is more accurate than the traditional methods and solves the problems existed in the traditional methods. This novel method is a new reference for other land cover research on the technical aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: The Mealtime Scan (MTS) was developed to assess the dining environment in Long Term Care (LTC). MTS has been reviewed and updated to ensure its standardization and responsiveness to changes in the dining environment. The objectives of this paper are to provide an overview of the changes made in the new MTS+ tool and to describe its inter-rater reliability. Research Design and Methods: The observational and scoring methods used to evaluate the physical, social, and relational-centered dining environments in LTC homes were reviewed and updated into MTS+ and an overall quality of dining rating derived. Two trained assessors were evaluated for the inter-rater reliability. Nine dining rooms in three LTC homes at different meals were observed for a total of 45 observations. Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used to assess reliability. Results: MTS+ demonstrated good reliability on the orientation cues, social environment, and relationship-centered activities (orientation cues ICC: 0.75, social ICC: 0.78, relational ICC: 0.78). However, the tool's reliability was poor for the physical environment, ICC: 0.48 and moderate for the overall rating of the quality of the dining environment, ICC: 0.67. Discussion and Implications: Although deemed more effective and practical for use in intervention studies, MTS+ has some limitations with respect to its reliability, particularly in assessing the physical environment. It is hypothesized that more extensive training of the assessors may lead to improvements in the reliability of MTS+. MTS+ can be used in intervention research when one assessor completes repeat observations of a dining area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper deals with public areas in ancient residences. These zones, emphasising the social status of the owners of the houses, are analysed in several large residences erected in the Graeco-Roman Period in Nea Paphos, Cyprus: the 'Hellenistic' House, the Villa of Theseus, and the House of Aion. Particularly, the special arrangement of the layout and the architectural decoration of three major public zones were studied: the entrance, the main courtyard, and the main room. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charles V and Ferdinand I exerted a strong influence on the European policy in the 16th century. Charles V lived in residences and towns in Spain, the Netherlands and the Holy Roman Empire like a “Reisekaiser” (travelling Emperor). Above all, Charles V was the Emperor of the first global European Empire and therefore his memory, in comparison with his younger brother Ferdinand I is more vivid.

L’auteure adopte dans ce texte un angle nouveau dans le domaine de recherche sur les résidences d’artistes. S’éloignant du point de vue des artistes, elle se place du côté des centres d’art qui les accueillent afin de mieux appréhender les retombées de ces programmes sur l’ensemble des acteurs concernés (organismes culturels, artistes, publics). Elle s’interroge ainsi à savoir dans quelles mesures les résidences d’artistes, envisagées comme espaces intermédiaires, ont un impact sur le territoire qu’elles occupent et la relation développée avec la communauté de public de ce territoire. Elle en conclut que la nature et l’ampleur de ces retombées ne sont pas mécaniques, mais varient selon les contextes et les dynamiques relationnelles mises sur pied.

The article presents preliminary results and qualitative analysis obtained from the doctoral research provisory entitled “How do Brazilian ‘battlers’ reside?”, which is in progress at the Institute for European Urban Studies, Bauhaus University Weimar. It critically discusses the contradictions of the production of residences in Brazil made by an emerging social group, lately called the Brazilian new middle class. For the last ten years, a number of government policies have provoked a general improvement of the purchasing power of the poor. Between those who completely depend on the government to survive and the upper middle class, there is a wide (about 100 million people) and economically stable lower middle group, which has found its own ways of dealing with its demand for housing. The conventional models of planning, building and buying are not suitable for their technical, financial and personal needs. Therefore, they are concurrently planners, constructors and residents, building and renovating their own properties themselves, but still with very limited education and technical knowledge and restricted access to good building materials and constructive elements, formal technicians, architects or engineers. On the one hand, the result is an informal and more or less autonomous self-production, with all sorts of technical problems and very interesting and creative spatial solutions to everyday domestic situations. On the other hand, the repercussions for urban space are questionable: although basic infrastructure conditions have improved, building densities are high and green areas are few. Lower middle class neighbourhoods present a restricted collective everyday life. They look like storage spaces for manpower; people who live to work in order to be able to consume—and build—what they could not before. One question is, to what extent the latest economic rise of Brazil has really resulted in social development for lower middle income families in the private sphere regarding their residences, and in the collective sphere, regarding the neighbourhoods they inhabit and the urban space in general.

Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has been established as a powerful tool that can guide health policy at multiple levels of government. However, this approach has not been well assessed at more granular scales, including large work sites such as University campuses. Between August 2021 and April 2022, we explored the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater using qPCR assays from multiple complimentary sewer catchments and residential buildings spanning the University of Calgary's campus and how this compared to levels from the municipal wastewater treatment plant servicing the campus. Real-time contact tracing data was used to evaluate an association between wastewater SARS-CoV-2 burden and clinically confirmed cases and to assess the potential of WBS as a tool for disease monitoring across worksites. Concentrations of wastewater SARS-CoV-2 N1 and N2 RNA varied significantly across six sampling sites - regardless of several normalization strategies - with certain catchments consistently demonstrating values 1-2 orders higher than the others. Relative to clinical cases identified in specific sewersheds, WBS provided one-week leading indicator. Additionally, our comprehensive monitoring strategy enabled an estimation of the total burden of SARS-CoV-2 for the campus per capita, which was significantly lower than the surrounding community (p≤0.001). Allele-specific qPCR assays confirmed that variants across campus were representative of the community at large, and at no time did emerging variants first debut on campus. This study demonstrates how WBS can be efficiently applied to locate hotspots of disease activity at a very granular scale, and predict disease burden across large, complex worksites., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of ESTOA: Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca is the property of ESTOA Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Objectives: Poor food intake is common in long-term care (LTC). The mealtime experience has been identified as influential, yet, research has been limited by lack of quality, standardized measures. The purpose of this study was to develop and test for inter-rater reliability the Mealtime Scan (MTS), an observational measure. Research Design and Methods: MTS was derived from the literature on ambiance, mealtime experience, social interactions at mealtimes, and social models of care. Three scales on person-centered care and physical and social environments are used to summarize key aspects observed with MTS. Two raters assessed MTS for reliability at 30 different meals conducted in 10 dining rooms, within three LTC residences. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess reliability. Results: MTS demonstrated good to excellent reliability on the three summative scales (physical ICC = 0.73, social ICC = 0.81, person-centered care ICC = 0.83) and other scalable items had good to excellent reliability (e.g., background noise ICC = 0.65, Mealtime Relational Care checklist: negative interactions ICC = 0.85). Discussion and Implications: MTS is reliable and face valid for assessing mealtime experience. Future work will explore construct validity of this measure. MTS can be used to support improving the mealtime experience for residents living in LTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is not an easy task to reconstruct the library and music collection of a composer, whose homes - from Hungary through some European cities and South America to the United States - cannot be counted on the fingers of both hands. This paper investigates the story of Ernő Dohnányi's music collection and music library: summarizes the stages of Dohnányi's life, where he stayed for a longer period of time, therefore makes it possible to round up a considerable library and also discusses the lists, which give account of the items of the composer's books and scores. These lists preserved about the content of Dohnányi's previous Hungarian books and music collections of the Széher út villa, the music collection on Városmajor utca (the house of Dohnányi's sister), and about the library and music collection of the Dohnányis' Tallahassee home. The author of this paper could use the items of Dohnányi's books and scores, which the composer possessed in the final decade of his lifetime, too. At present, these documents, Dohnányi's American Estate is in the care of the Archives for 20th-21st Century Hungarian Music of the Institute for Musicology, Research Centre for Humanities of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest. Beside the lists, the correspondence between Dohnányi and his sister, Mici, also contains information about the story of Dohnányi's libraries and music collections. This overview follows Dohnányi's collection even during the American years when he wanted to receive volumes of his former library, and understandably wanted to establish as rich a library as he had in his previous homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2011 Minister Blade Nzimande reported that, "despite a national call for the provision of accessible, decent, safe and academically conducive student accommodation safety in student accommodation in South Africa remains a serious challenge" (cited in, Department of Higher Education and Training 2011). Against the backdrop of the provision of safe student accommodation, this study, through a qualitative research design, examined residence students' experiences of safety and security in student accommodation (residences). Through narrative enquiry the study-generated data from purposively sampled male and female residence students representing undergraduate and postgraduate students. The data points to fears and anxieties of students living in residences enabled by a vulnerable (unsafe) residence environment influenced largely through diminished state resources. The study makes recommendations for state resource investment that promote safe, quality residences to enhance student academic success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]