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The Basic Psychological Needs Theory posits that satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness, competence) is a prerequisite for many positive outcomes, especially the psychological well-being of adolescents. The present study tested the three social context factors (parenting style, friendship quality, and school climate) on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs of adolescents and examined which factors are more unique to Indonesian adolescents. In this cross-sectional survey, we included 1500 junior high school students (boys = 717, girls = 783). We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the data. The current study revealed that parenting style, friendship quality, and school climate all predict the basic psychological needs satisfaction. Parenting style and friendship quality are likely to become stronger contributors to better satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs than school climate. This finding was consistent for gender and type of school categories. The current study will contribute to in-depth analysis on designing an effective future intervention program in improving adolescents' psychological needs satisfaction that can improve adolescent's psychological well-being., Author(s): Fitri Ariyanti Abidin [sup.1] [sup.2] , Joeri K. Tijdink [sup.3] [sup.4] , Poeti Joefiani [sup.5] , Rismijati E. Koesma [sup.1] , Juke R. Siregar [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.11553.33, [...]

The transition to postsecondary education is characterized by many changes for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A data-based understanding of a student's readiness for postsecondary education could help students, and their parents, better prepare for this life transition. The Transition Readiness Scale (TRS) was created to address this need. The TRS is a self/other-report questionnaire used to assess postsecondary readiness across behavioral, cognitive, and emotional domains among adolescents 15-18 years of age. The present study details measure development and provides preliminary psychometric properties in a sample of transition-aged youth with ASD. Results indicate strong internal consistency, adequate item-level analyses, and discriminant and concurrent validity. Future validation of the TRS in large-scale field testing is merited to inform clinical interpretation., Author(s): Rebecca Elias [sup.1] [sup.2] , Caitlin M. Conner [sup.3] , Susan W. White [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.42505.36, 0000 0001 2156 6853, University of Southern California Keck School of [...]

Autistic adults commonly experience sensory reactivity differences. Sensory hyperreactivity is frequently researched, whilst hyporeactivity and seeking, and experiences across domains, e.g., vision, are often neglected. Therefore, we aimed to understand more about the sensory experiences of autistic adults. We conducted a mixed-methods study, co-produced with stakeholders; recruiting 49 autistic adults who completed an online survey. Firstly, quantitative results and content analysis enhanced our understanding of sensory input/contexts associated with sensory hyperreactivity, hyporeactivity, and seeking across modalities. Secondly, thematic analysis developed themes relating to 'Outcomes', 'Control', 'Tolerance and management', and 'The role of other people', informing a theoretical model of sensory reactivity differences in autistic adults. These findings have implications for support services and improving quality of life for autistic adults., Author(s): K. MacLennan [sup.1] , S. O'Brien [sup.1] , T. Tavassoli [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.9435.b, 0000 0004 0457 9566, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, [...]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to (a) review methods used to assess quality of life (QOL) in caregivers, partners, and spouses of those who have undergone total laryngectomy (TL); (b) identify patterns in caregiver QOL changes postoperatively; and (c) review previously proposed interventions for caregivers. Method: PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL Complete were searched using the Medical Subject Heading terms laryngectomy, spouse, caregiver, and partner. Two reviewers independently screened and identified records meeting inclusion criteria. This scoping review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Results: Initial search returned 143 results and 12 met inclusion criteria. Eight studies assessed postoperative QOL changes in categories such as psychological health, physical health, sexuality, and interpersonal relationships. Four studies proposed interventions for caregivers perioperatively. There were no consistently used inventories, and only one intervention was formally tested. Conclusions: The literature available on TL caregiver QOL contains inconsistent inventories and study design. There are few interventions available, and it would be beneficial to develop a standardized QOL inventory for this population to better target caregiver needs. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19287887, Total laryngectomy (TL) is a surgical therapy often reserved for advanced stage tumors of the larynx or hypopharynx. Removal of the larynx and/or hypopharynx causes disconnection of the upper and [...]

Purpose: Several studies have demonstrated increased auditory thresholds in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) based on subjective tonal audiometry. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying auditory dysfunction in PD remain elusive. The primary aim of this study was to investigate cochlear and olivocochlear function in PD using objective measurements and to assess the effect of dopaminergic medication on auditory function. Method: Eighteen patients with PD and 18 gender- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. Patients with PD participated in medication on and off conditions. Linear mixed models were used to determine the effect of PD on tonal audiometry, transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), and efferent suppression (ES). Results: Tonal audiometry revealed normal auditory thresholds in patients with PD for their age across all frequencies. OAE signal amplitudes demonstrated a significant interaction effect between group (PD vs. HC) and frequency, indicating decreased OAEs at low frequencies and increased OAEs at high frequencies in patients with PD. No significant differences were found between patients with PD and HCs regarding ES. In addition, no significant effect of medication status was found on auditory measurements in patients with PD. Conclusions: Altered OAEs support the hypothesis of cochlear alterations in PD. No evidence was found for the involvement of the medial olivocochlear system. Altogether, OAEs may provide an objective early indicator of auditory alterations in PD and should complement subjective tonal audiometry when assessing and monitoring auditory function in PD., Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neuro-degenerative disorder that is primarily associated with motor symptoms, including bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability. In addition, a wide range of nonmotor symptoms [...]

P006 Cabotegravir + rilpivirine long-acting as HIV-1 maintenance therapy: ATLAS Week 96 results S Swindells (1); T Lutz (2); LVan Zyl (3); N Porteiro (4); P Benn (5); J Huang [...]

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with or without intellectual disability (ID), is common in children with congenital blindness. This complex combination of disabilities often involves many challenges for the family. This study explored parents' experiences of having a child with blindness and ASD (with or without ID), their support needs and experiences of the support provided. Interviews with eight parents, representing six families, were performed. The parents emphasized that assessment and diagnostic procedures must be performed by professionals with expertise in blind children's development, and ASD. The support was often perceived as fragmented and did not correspond to the families' needs. The results suggest that national guidelines should be produced, to ensure a more coordinated and tailored support to these families., Author(s): Kim de Verdier [sup.1] [sup.2] , Elisabeth Fernell [sup.3] , Ulla Ek [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.10548.38, 0000 0004 1936 9377, Department of Special Education, Stockholm University, , 106 [...]

This study investigated health-related QoL (HRQoL) and care-related quality of life (CarerQol) in clinically referred children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and their primary and secondary caregivers. The EuroQol five-dimensional (EQ-5D) and the CarerQol questionnaires were used to respectively measure health-related QoL and care-related QoL. Primary caregivers reported pain/discomfort (42%) and anxiety/depression (40%). In caring, they mostly experienced problems in the relationship with the child (84%), and in combining care with daily activities (51%). Children with ASD had a relevantly lower QoL. Despite negative effects, almost all caregivers (96%) derived fulfillment from caring for their affected children. HRQoL and CarerQol reports of primary caregivers and children were correlated, both providing useful information to ASD measurement and treatment., Author(s): Leontine W. ten Hoopen [sup.1] [sup.2] , Pieter F. A. de Nijs [sup.1] , Jorieke Duvekot [sup.1] , Kirstin Greaves-Lord [sup.1] [sup.3] , Manon H. J. Hillegers [sup.1] [sup.3] [...]

At Northwest Permanente, a Portland, Ore.-based medical group of more than 1,400 physicians, a 15-year-old female patient, 'Jennifer,' visited the Kaiser Permanente Emergency Department 34 times in an 18-month period. [...]

Individuals with ASD often display externalizing behaviors, which have been associated with lower quality of life in adulthood. Social difficulties have been hypothesized to underlie externalizing problems among individuals with ASD (Klin and Volkmar in Asperger Syndrome, 340-366, 2000), but this has never been tested empirically. We examined whether socialization abilities predicted externalizing problems assessed by parent report in a group of 29 individuals with ASD (age range 7-16 years) and 29 TD individuals matched for IQ, age, and gender. Socialization scores accounted for 50% of the variance in externalizing behaviors among individuals with ASD, but not in TD children. These findings have implications for intervention, and suggest that targeting social difficulties might provide a better means to addressing externalizing problems., Author(s): N. Shea [sup.1] , E. Payne [sup.1] [sup.2] , N. Russo [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0001 2189 1568, grid.264484.8, Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, , 430 University Ave, [...]

Social cognitive impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are well-documented, yet little research has examined whether ASD is also characterized by difficulties in meta-perception, or the ability to gauge how one is perceived. In this study, ASD and TD adults (N = 22) largely did not differ on the self-perception of their personality traits or on how they expected to be perceived by unfamiliar observers. However adults with ASD were rated less favorably by TD observers (N = 412) on 19 out of 20 personality items, and adults with ASD were less accurate at predicting how they would be perceived. These findings suggest impaired meta-perception in ASD that may serve as a potential mechanism through which reduced social cognitive ability contributes to social impairment., Author(s): Noah J. Sasson [sup.1] , Kerrianne E. Morrison [sup.1] , Amy E. Pinkham [sup.1] , Daniel J. Faso [sup.1] , Michael Chmielewski [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0001 2151 [...]

This study described empirically derived profiles of parents' personal and social coping resources in a sample of 207 families of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Latent Profile Analysis identified four family profiles based on socieoeconomic risk, coping strategy utilization, family functioning, available social supports, and perceptions of family-centered support. During the time of children's transition to school, parents in the most disadvantaged group experienced the highest levels of parenting stress and depression, and their children had significantly lower adaptive behaviour scores and more parent-reported behavior problems than children in the other three groups. Results highlight the need for systematic surveillance of family risk factors so that supports can be provided to enhance both parental well-being and children's developmental health., Author(s): Anat Zaidman-Zait [sup.1] , Pat Mirenda [sup.2] , Peter Szatmari [sup.3] , Eric Duku [sup.4] , Isabel M. Smith [sup.5] , Tracy Vaillancourt [sup.6] , Joanne Volden [sup.7] , [...]

Introduction: Numerous studies have identified the importance of parenting behaviors to the well-being of children with chronic physical conditions. Synthesizing the findings of these studies has potential to identify which parenting behaviors are associated with specific aspects of child well-being. Method: We retrieved research reports addressing the relationship between parenting behaviors and well-being in children with chronic physical conditions, and categorized parenting behaviors based on Skinner, Johnson, and Snyder's (2005) core dimensions of parenting (warmth, rejection, structure, chaos, autonomy support, and coercion) Through meta-analysis, we examined relationships between parenting dimension and child well-being variables. Results: Fifty-four reports from 47 unique studies met inclusion criteria. Parent warmth was associated with less child depression, better quality of life, better physical functioning, and fewer externalizing behavior problems. Parent rejection was associated with more child depression, internalizing/externalizing behavior problems, and poorer physical functioning. Parent structure was associated with better child physical functioning. Parent chaos was associated with poorer child physical functioning. Parent autonomy support was associated with better quality of life and fewer externalizing behavior problems. Parent coercion was associated with more child depression, poorer quality of life, poorer physical function, and more internalizing behavior problems. Conclusion: The results identify multiple, potentially modifiable parenting dimensions associated with well-being in children with a chronic condition, which could be targeted in developing family-focused interventions. They also provide evidence that research using Skinner's core dimensions could lead to conceptualization and study of parenting behaviors in ways that would enable comparison of parenting in a variety of health and sociocultural contexts. Keywords: meta-analysis, systematic review, parenting, child well-being, chronic illness Supplemental materials: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/fsh0000305.supp, Childrearing is a challenging undertaking for all parents, but parents of children with chronic physical conditions (CPC) face additional challenges related to their child's special needs such as incorporating a [...]

High functioning adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often have adjustment difficulties, specifically loneliness and depression. To better understand contributing factors, the current study evaluated associations between several Executive Function (EF) domains, social impairment, and friendship quality on depressive symptoms and loneliness in this population. Participants included 127 high functioning ASD adolescents and a parent/caregiver. Results indicated significant levels of parent-reported EF impairment which were positively correlated with increased levels of loneliness and depressive symptoms. Social impairment was identified as a significant mediator between all studied EF domains and adjustment, while friendship quality only partially mediated the relation between emotional control and loneliness. These results have implications for treatments focusing both on social skills and adjustment in adolescents with ASD., Author(s): Rebecca W. Lieb [sup.1] [sup.2] , Amy M. Bohnert [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) NeuroDevelopmental Science Center, Akron Children's Hospital, 0000 0000 9013 1194, grid.413473.6, , 1 Perkins Square, 44308, [...]

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine racial-ethnic differences in perceived stigmatization of former alcoholics and their effect on associations of race-ethnicity with treatment history and psychological function among lifetime alcoholics. Method: Logistic regression analyses were conducted using data from Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults 18 years or older. Results: Stigma scores were lowest for Whites and Native Americans, higher for Blacks, and highest for Asians and Hispanics, both in the total population and among lifetime alcoholics. Neither race-ethnicity nor stigma was associated with treatment utilization. Psychological function was negatively associated with stigma, but the impact of stigma on racial-ethnic differences in psychological function fell short of statistical significance. Conclusions: Stigma may reduce quality of life among those with alcohol dependence, but there is no clear evidence that it affects racial-ethnic differences in quality of life., THE SURGEON GENERAL'S REPORT on mental health identified stigma as being 'the most formidable' barrier to mental health (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1999, p. 3). Perceived stigma [...]

Abstract The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) demonstrated that a structured diet and physical activity intervention that achieves and maintains modest weight loss for overweight adults with impaired glucose tolerance can [...]

Tai chi chuan (TCC) has been used as a mind-body practice in Asian culture for centuries to improve wellness and reduce stress and has recently received attention by researchers as [...]

Abstract Objective: To determine how the quality of life (QOL) of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors compares with the general population, changes over time, and is predicted by baseline characteristics. [...]

Social workers in health care settings are increasingly using patient-based assessments (PBAs) of health-related quality of life such as the SF-36®. However, the validity of many PBAs for use with cultural minority groups is limited. To ensure that cultural minority groups are not misrepresented by standardized measures, social workers--as effective patient advocates--must be familiar with the underlying conceptual assumptions of measurement theory to articulate the strengths and limitations of measures used to investigate populations with which they have not been tested and advocate for cultural minority groups using language and terminology that measurement practitioners can understand and embrace. KEY WORDS : construct validity; culture; diversity; patient-based assessment; health-related quality of life (HR QL); SF-36®, In a philosophical discussion about power and subjugation, the French philosopher, Michel Foucault (1980) wrote that research is an apparatus of control, and thus power, in health care, this control [...]

Introduction Urinary incontinence is a commonly encountered symptom among elderly women |1-8~. It may lead to rejection by a relative and may be an important factor in institutionalizing an elderly [...]