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Ovalbumin (OVA), a commonly consumed food protein, can cause severe allergies and intestinal immune disorders.

Purpose To explore the diagnostic value of tumor markers, inflammatory indicators and methylated Septin9 gene (mSEPT9) alone and combination in adenomatous polyps and stage I to IV colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Data of mSEPT9, blood routine inflammatory indicators (NLR, LMR, MPV/PC), tumor markers (CEA, CA125, CA19-9) and pathological stage from 420 patients with CRC, 61 patients with adenomatous polyps and 175 healthy people from 2018 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for the assessment of diagnostic accuracy, and statistical data were processed by SPSS 26.0 software. Results The levels of NLR, CEA and CA19-9 in CRC group were significantly higher than those in healthy group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The levels of LMR and mSEPT9 in healthy group, polyps group and CRC group were decreased gradually, with statistical among all groups (P < 0.05). With the progressive of CRC from stage I to IV, the LMR levels and Ct value of mSEPT9 decreased gradually, and mSEPT9 in stage I/II, III and IV groups was significantly different (P < 0.05). The sensitivity of mSEPT9 increased gradually with the progression of stage, from 56.1% in stage I to 100% in stage IV. MSEPT9 was the most valuable single indicator in the diagnosis of CRC, and its sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 70.0%, 94.3% and 0.830, respectively. LMR was the most valuable single indicator in the diagnosis of adenomatous polyps, and its sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 78.7%, 57.1% and 0.732, respectively. MSEPT9 combined with LMR was the most valuable combination in the diagnosis of CRC and adenomatous polyps, and its sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 82.3% and 82.0%, 90.3% and 54.9%, 0.917 and 0.759, respectively. Conclusions The new combination of mSEPT9 with LMR showed the best diagnostic value in the whole process of CRC occurrence and development, it should be used as the first choice for high-risk population screening, adjuvant diagnosis of CRC and disease staging.

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a promising new energy-conversion technology due to their safe and environmentally friendly characteristics in a wide range of operating conditions. However, catalysis of the acidic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode is the main obstacle. In this regard, platinum-free single-atomic-site catalysts (SACs) with designable active sites are a potential solution. Unlike catalysts for the ORR in alkaline media that have been widely explored, there is still a gap between the performance of SACs and Pt-based catalysts in acidic media. In this review, we introduce the latest progress of SACs in acidic ORR. SACs consist of metal centers and substrates. We conclude controllable synthetic strategies for SACs from single-atomic sites and substrate design, discuss the relationship between the structure of single-atom sites and acidic ORR performance of SACs at the atomic level, and propose challenges and perspectives of SACs in acidic ORR.

The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is viewed as a promising way to remove the greenhouse gas CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it into useful industrial products such as methane, methanol, formate, ethanol, and so forth. Single-atom site catalysts (SACs) featuring maximum theoretical atom utilization and a unique electronic structure and coordination environment have emerged as promising candidates for use in the CO2RR. The electronic properties and atomic structures of the central metal sites in SACs will be changed significantly once the types or coordination environments of the central metal sites are altered, which appears to provide new routes for engineering SACs for CO2 electrocatalysis. Therefore, it is of great importance to discuss the structural regulation of SACs at the atomic level and their influence on CO2RR activity and selectivity. Despite substantial efforts being made to fabricate various SACs, the principles of regulating the intrinsic electrocatalytic performances of the single-atom sites still needs to be sufficiently emphasized. In this perspective article, we present the latest progress relating to the synthesis and catalytic performance of SACs for the electrochemical CO2RR. We summarize the atomic-level regulation of SACs for the electrochemical CO2RR from five aspects: the regulation of the central metal atoms, the coordination environments, the interface of single metal complex sites, multi-atom active sites, and other ingenious strategies to improve the performance of SACs. We highlight synthesis strategies and structural design approaches for SACs with unique geometric structures and discuss how the structure affects the catalytic properties., Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising way to remove CO2 and convert it into useful industrial products. Single-atom site catalysts provide opportunities to regulate the active sites of CO2RR catalysts at the atomic level.

Demonstrated here is the correlation between atomic configuration induced electronic density of single-atom Co active sites and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance by combining density-functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrochemical analysis. Guided by DFT calculations, a MOF-derived Co single-atom catalyst with the optimal Co1 -N3 PS active moiety incorporated in a hollow carbon polyhedron (Co1 -N3 PS/HC) was designed and synthesized. Co1 -N3 PS/HC exhibits outstanding alkaline ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.920 V and superior ORR kinetics with record-level kinetic current density and an ultralow Tafel slope of 31 mV dec-1 , exceeding that of Pt/C and almost all non-precious ORR electrocatalysts. In acidic media the ORR kinetics of Co1 -N3 PS/HC still surpasses that of Pt/C. This work offers atomic-level insight into the relationship between electronic density of the active site and catalytic properties, promoting rational design of efficient catalysts.

A 600-V/150-kJ/100-kW conduction-cooled high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnetic energy storage (SMES) system is developed. In this paper, the configuration of the HTS SMES is introduced. The magnet is a solenoid type, which uses two kinds of HTS tapes, and cooled to about 20 K. A series of laboratory experiments and field tests are carried out to evaluate the performance of the SMES system, including the current-carrying ability of a magnet, the active and reactive power exchange capability between the SMES and an alternating-current power system, power oscillation damping, the improving electrical energy quality, etc. The results show that the SMES system meets the design requirements and can maintain a long-term stable operation in a power system.

Large magnet system is an essential component of most current or planned fusion devices. Axial insulation breaks are required in order to electrically isolate the cryogenic distribution system from the potential high voltage of the magnet system and bus bars. The epoxy resin based insulation break could be the weak link in magnet design, due to insulation sensitivity to high irradiation doses. The Al2O3 ceramic material instead of epoxy based material was used to manufacture the insulation break. Kovar alloy which has a similar mean coefficient of thermal expansion with Al2O3 ceramic in the temperature range of 300-1073 K was used as two ends of the insulation breaks. The ceramic tubes and Kovar alloy tubes were vacuum brazed together using silver-based filler at 1073 K. The helium tightness, the insulation resistances and dielectric breakdown were checked at room temperature and LN2 temperature. Then 2 kN traction and compression were tested at room temperature and LN2 temperature. The maximum tensile force of 8.62 kN and 8.18 kN were measured at room temperature and LN2 temperature, respectively. The three point bending test was carried out. The test results of 4.5 kN and 3.6 kN were measured at room temperature and LN2 temperature, respectively. The 50 thermal shock cycles were performed from 77 K to 300 K to ensure that the ceramic break could operate under rapid temperature change.

Glomerular injury is characterized by mesangial cell (MC) proliferation and matrix formation. We sought to determine if reducing the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) with the purine analogue, Roscovitine, decreased MC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Roscovitine (25 microM) inhibited FCS-induced proliferation (P < 0.0001) in cultured MC. Rats with experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (Thy1 model) were divided into two groups. A prevention group received daily intraperitoneal injections of Roscovitine in DMSO (2.8 mg/kg) starting at day 1. A treatment group received daily Roscovitine starting at day 3, when MC proliferation was established. Control Thy1 rats received DMSO alone. MC proliferation (PCNA +/OX7 + double immunostaining) was reduced by > 50% at days 5 and 10 in the Roscovitine prevention group, and at day 5 in the treatment group (P < 0.0001). Early administration of Roscovitine reduced immunostaining for collagen type IV, laminin, and fibronectin at days 5 and 10 (r = 0.984; P < 0.001), which was associated with improved renal function (urinary protein/creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, P < 0.05). We conclude that reducing the activity of CDK2 with Roscovitine in experimental glomerulonephritis decreases cell proliferation and matrix production, resulting in improved renal function, and may be a useful therapeutic intervention in disease characterized by proliferation.