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Three experiments based on the nuclear reactions 14N + 110Pd, 10B + 114Cd and 11B + 114Cd were performed. Coincidences between γ-rays emitted from these reactions were measured with the same detection array which consisted of 14 HPGe detectors. A new band structure was identified using an offline analysis of coincidence data. Because of the isomeric nature of the bandhead, the new band cannot be connected to any known state in any residual nuclei of the used reactions. To assign it to a specific nucleus, we evaluated the experimental population intensities of various known bands in known residual nuclei and investigated the entrance channel effects in the three different experiments. The population intensity patterns of the known bands were observed to exhibit regular systematics. Based on such experimental systematics, we suggest that the most reasonable nuclide assignment for the new band is the 120I nucleus.

Herein, a novel pillar[5]arene-based gemini-[1]rotaxane molecule DEP5 was successfully designed and synthesized. Interestingly, the gemini-[1]rotaxane DEP5 serving as a chemosensor could selectively recognize L-Arg with high sensitivity and its lowest detection limit (LOD) was 1.43 × 10−7 M. Simultaneously, the gemini-[1]rotaxane DEP5 could assemble into the microsphere structure and its microsphere morphology could transform into cross-linked supramolecular networks through host–guest interactions with L-Arg. Furthermore, its microsphere morphology could be recovered again by the addition of competitive reagent guest trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Therefore, this work provides a new and simple approach to construct gemini-[1]rotaxane-based smart materials which could assemble into the microsphere in solution and achieve reversible regulation of morphology between the microsphere and cross-linked supramolecular networks by external chemical stimuli (L-Arg/TFA). This kind of material not only has a perspective in L-Arg sensors but also has potential for application in other fields such as drug control release.

A novel photochemical sensor (FQ-5) based on quinoline-functionalized phenazine derivatives was designed and synthesized. The FQ-5 showed a good response to certain pH values in a wide pH range (from 2.0 to 13.0). Particularly, at pH = 12 and 13, the fluorescence emission showed obvious enhancement, the fluorescence quantum yields could reach 80.9% and 77.0%, respectively, and the color of solution changed from yellow to purple. Meanwhile, the sensor not only showed a rapid response toward CO2, but also showed high selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of L-Arg in buffer solution (pH = 7), and the limit of detection (LOD) was 8.1 × 10−8. Furthermore, the FQ-5-based fluorescent writing material and CO2 gas reaction device were developed for the rapid detection of L-Arg and CO2. Therefore, this work will provide a new approach for photochemical sensing in the detection of multiple substrates.

Tryptophan (Trp) is very necessary for biosystems; therefore, high-efficient detection of Trp is an important subject. Hereof, based on our early research works on fluorescent sensors, we rationally designed and synthesized a fluorescent sensor (SNP5) based on N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-(hexylthio) acetamide-functionalized pillar[5]arene, which showed high selectivity and sensitive recognition for l-Trp (LOD = 2.19 × 10-8 M). Moreover, SNP5 exhibited aggregation-induced emission enhancement fluorescence. Within SNP5, the pillar[5]arene group could act as N-H···π- and C-H···π-interaction sites, as well as a H-bond-interaction site; meanwhile, the N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-(hexylthio) acetamide group also served as a multihydrogen-bonding site. As a result, SNP5 could selectively detect l-Trp through the synergy of the pillar[5]arene group and the N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-(hexylthio) acetamide group. Compared with previous work, the results of this work support the strategy that changing the functionalized group of the pillar[5]arene can adjust the selectivity of the pillar[5]arene-based sensor and achieve the detection of different amino acids. The detection mechanism was specifically researched through experiments and theoretical calculations including frontier orbitals, electrostatic potential, and the independent gradient model approach. Interestingly, these theoretical calculations not only supported the experimental results but also provided a visualized understanding of guest-adaptive multisupramolecular interactions between SNP5 and l-Trp.

Excited states of 113In have been populated through the heavy-ion fusion evaporation reaction 110Pd(7Li, 4n)113In. A new band with the configuration of a proton d5/2 orbital is identified. Two ΔI = 2 intruder bands, built on the πh11/2 and the πg7/2 orbitals, have been extended to spins (63/2−ħ and (55/2+)ħ, respectively. The negative-parity πh11/2 intruder band shows a smooth increase in aligned spin, which is attributed to a strong proton-neutron interaction. The properties of the positive-parity πg7/2 band are discussed based on tilted axis cranking model calculations, and the features of the antimagnetic rotation for this band are shown after backbend. Furthermore, the contributions of the two-shears-like mechanism, the neutron (gd)ν shell and the core rotation are investigated for the positive-parity πg7/2 band.

Aggregation induced emission (AIE) active molecules are widely applied for multi-analyte detection due to their unique advantages over conventional fluorescent probes. Herein, a novel coumarin functionalized pillar[5]arene (PX) has been designed and synthesized. It has strong AIE activity, and the fluorescence quantum yield of PX turned out to be 35.0% in DMF/H2O (7 : 3, v/v) binary solution (1.0 × 10−4 M). Meanwhile, the optimized structure of PX was obtained by theoretical calculation at the B3LYP/6-311G level. Interestingly, the PX displays high sensitivity to multiple analytes, such as Fe3+ and Ba2+. The limits of detection (LODs) of PX for Fe3+ and Ba2+ are 1.67 × 10−7 M and 5.89 × 10−8 M, respectively. In addition, by introducing metal ions into the AIE chemosensor of PX, a metal-coordinated chemosensor (PX–M) was obtained. The PX–Fe and PX–Ba show selective fluorescence “turn on” detection of H2PO4− (LOD = 1.50 × 10−7 M) and CN− (LOD = 6.20 × 10−7 M), respectively. The multi-analyte detection mechanism of PX was based on multiple competitions of “exo-wall π–π” interactions and cation–π interactions. Notably, we have prepared logic gates controlled by Fe3+/Ba2+ and H2PO4−/CN− at the molecular level, which can quickly and efficiently detect ions in aqueous solutions. Moreover, we also prepared test films, and an Fe3+ test kit was prepared by loading PX on a silica gel plate. This study provides a new way for multi-analyte detection.

1,8-Naphthalimide, as one of the classical dyes and fluorophores, has been widely used in analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, and biochemistry fields because of its excellent characteristic photostability, good structural flexibility, high fluorescence quantum yield, and large Stokes shift. This review mainly focuses on 1,8-naphthalimide and its derivatives in ion detection, molecular recognition, material applications, and bioimaging in the past five years. Simultaneously, we hope to develop more powerful fluorescent chemosensors for broad and exciting applications in the future.

High-spin states of $^{110}\mathrm{Ag}$ have been studied by in-beam $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectroscopic techniques using the fusion-evaporation reaction $^{110}\mathrm{Pd}$($^{7}\mathrm{Li}, \ensuremath{\alpha}3\mathrm{n}$)$^{110}\mathrm{Ag}$ at a beam energy of 46 MeV. The previously known level scheme of $^{110}\mathrm{Ag}$ is significantly extended and modified with the addition of 50 new $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ transitions and 21 new levels. In total, four new rotational bands are observed, among which two negative-parity coupled bands are assigned to the four-quasiparticle $\ensuremath{\pi}{g}_{9/2}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\ensuremath{\nu}{h}_{11/2}{({g}_{7/2}/{d}_{5/2})}^{2}$ configuration based on the quasiparticle alignment analysis and cranked shell model calculations. The properties of both bands show general agreement with the fingerprints of chiral rotation, and thus such two negative-parity bands are suggested to be candidates for near degenerate chiral doublet bands. A new decoupled $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}I=2$ band decaying directly to the yrast band is established, and probably results from one-particle-one-hole (1p-1h) proton excitation from the ${g}_{9/2}$ orbital to the ${g}_{7/2}$ orbital across the large $Z=50$ shell gap, i.e., the 2p2h $\ensuremath{\pi}{g}_{9/2}^{\ensuremath{-}2}{g}_{7/2}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\ensuremath{\nu}{h}_{11/2}$ configuration. In addition to, a weak positive-parity sequence consisting of magnetic dipole $(M1)$ and no $E2$ crossover transitions is also identified in the present work.

Excited states of $$^{109}\hbox {Ag}$$ have been investigated by in-beam $$\gamma $$ -ray spectroscopic techniques using the $$^{110}\hbox {Pd}$$ ( $$^{7}\hbox {Li}$$ , $$\alpha 4\hbox {n}$$ ) $$^{109}\hbox {Ag}$$ reaction at a beam energy of 46 MeV. The level scheme of $$^{109}\hbox {Ag}$$ is significantly extended with the addition of more than 20 new $$\gamma $$ transitions. For the positive-parity yrast band, it is extended to $$41/2^{+}$$ state and $$2\hbar $$ higher than the earlier work. A negative-parity band decaying to the yrast band by eleven new linking transitions is identified, and several E2 crossover transitions of this band are observed, thereby confirming the spin-parity assignment and the ordering of dipole transitions above the $$I^{\pi } = 17/2^{-}$$ level. Experimental total angular momenta, kinematical and dynamical moments of inertia, and B(M1)/B(E2) ratio for the negative-parity band are compared with the predictions of self-consistent titled axis cranking relativistic mean-field model. Based on the theoretical description and the observed characteristics, the negative-parity dipole band is suggested as a magnetic rotational band arising from shears mechanism.

L-Methionine (L-Met) is one of the essential amino acids in human health, efficiently detect L-Met is a significant issue. Herein, a concept “dual-site collaborative recognition” had been successfully introduced into the design and achieved high selective and sensitive recognition of L-Met. In order to realize the “dual-site collaborative recognition”, we rationally designed and synthesized an ester functionalized pillar[5]arene-based fluorescent sensor (SP5). And it shows blue Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescence. In the SP5, the pillar[5]arene group act as C-H···π interactions site, and ester group serve as multi hydrogen bonding acceptor. Interestingly, the SP5 exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity (2.84 × 10−8 M) towards L-Met based on the collaboration of electron-rich cavernous pillar[5]arene group and ester group through C-H···π and H-bond interactions, respectively. This “dual-site collaborative recognition” mechanism has been investigated by 1H NMR, ESI-MS and theoretical calculation including frontier orbital (HOMO and LUMO), electrostatic potential (ESP) and the noncovalent interaction (NCI). These theoretical calculations not only support the proposed host-guest recognition mechanism, but also provided visualized information on the “dual-site collaborative recognition” mode. Furthermore, the concept “dual-site collaborative recognition” is an effective strategy for easily detecting biological molecules.

A novel pillar[5]arene-based thioacetohydrazone functionalized fluorescent polymer was designed and synthesized. This polymer not only contains pillar[5]arene units as the fluorophore (signal transducer) but also embedded the thioacetohydrazone group as the ionophore (cation receptor). Therefore, it displays specificity response for mercury ion over other common cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Tb3+, Cu2+, Eu3+, Fe2+, Cr3+, Ag+ and La3+) in DMSO/H2O (1 : 1, v/v). Competitive cations did not show any significant changes in emission intensity and the fluorescence spectra detection limit was 8.12 × 10−7 M, indicating the high selectivity and sensitivity of the polymer towards Hg2+. Meanwhile, this polymer can efficiently remove Hg2+ from water.

In this study, a novel aggregation-induced emission supramolecular organic framework (AIE SOF) with ultrasensitive response, termed FSOF, was constructed using a tri-pillar[5]arene-based foldamer. Interestingly, benefiting from the noise signal shielding properties of FSOF as well as the competition between the cation⋯π and π⋯π interactions, the FSOF shows an ultrasensitive response for multi-analytes, such as Fe3+, Hg2+ and Cr3+. The limits of detection (LODs) of the FSOF for Fe3+, Hg2+ and Cr3+ are in the range of 9.40 × 10−10–1.86 × 10−9. More importantly, the xerogel of FSOF exhibits porous mesh structures, which could effect high-efficiency separation above metal ions from their aqueous solution, with adsorption percentages in the range 92.39–99.99%. In addition, by introducing metal ions into the FSOF, a series of metal ions coordinated supramolecular organic frameworks (MSOFs) were successfully constructed. Moreover, MSOFs show selective fluorescence “turn on” ultrasensitive detection CN− (LOD = 2.12 × 10−9) and H2PO4− (LOD = 1.78 × 10−9). This is a novel approach to construct SOFs through a tri-pillar[5]arene-based foldamer, and also provides a new way to achieve ultrasensitive detection and high-efficiency separation.

The detection and treatment of cancer is a very important and challenging subject. Herein, the conception of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is introduced into the design of anticancer drugs. A novel nitrogen mustard functionalized tripodal AIE anticancer prodrug (TM) was designed and synthesized. Interestingly, the TM had strong fluorescent in DMSO/H2O (water fraction 50%) binary solution. The fluorescence experiments showed that TM could enter the nucleus and cytoplasm of HepG2 cells. The TM could be used for both fluorescent imaging and killing cancer cells. The in vitro cytotoxicity of TM was about 3.2 fold than that of the free nitrogen mustard against HepG2 cells. This related to the unique design improved the effective content of nitrogen mustard drugs. The design that introduced AIE into anticancer drugs provides a effective approach to the detection and treatment of cancer.

High-spin states of 109Ag have been studied using the 7Li + 110Pd reaction at a beam energy of 46 MeV. A new negative-parity band decaying to the ground-state band by several new linking transitions is established. Meanwhile, seven new E2 crossover transitions of this band are observed, thereby confirming the spin-parity assignment and ordering of the dipole transitions above the Iπ = 19/2- level. A low energy γ-ray transition of 88 keV is found and placed at the bottom of the negative-parity band, and thus the Iπ = 17/2- level is tentatively assigned as the lowest observed state of this band. Experimental excitation energies and total angular momenta of the negative-parity band are compared with the predictions of self-consistent titled axis cranking relativistic mean-field theory with a three-quasiparticle configuration of πg9/2 -1 νh11/2(g7/2/d5/2)-1. Based on the theoretical description and the analyses of the angular momentum coupling, this negative-parity dipole band is suggested as a ``stapler'' band. By investigating the angular momentum components, it is found that the valence nucleons in the low-j orbitals play an active role in the ``stapler'' mechanism.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe traumatic lesion of central nervous system (CNS) with only a limited number of restorative therapeutic options. Diosgenin glucoside (DG), a major bioactive ingredient of Trillium tschonoskii Max., possesses neuroprotective effects through its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic functions. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic benefit and underlying mechanisms of DG treatment in SCI. We found that in Sprague-Dawley rats with traumatic SCI, the expressions of autophagy marker Light Chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1 were decreased with concomitant accumulation of autophagy substrate protein p62 and ubiquitinated proteins, indicating an impaired autophagic activity. DG treatment, however, significantly attenuated p62 expression and upregulated the Rheb/mTOR signaling pathway (evidenced as Ras homolog enriched in brain) due to the downregulation of miR-155-3p. We also observed significantly less tissue injury and edema in the DG-treated group, leading to appreciable functional recovery compared to that of the control group. Overall, the observed neuroprotection afforded by DG treatment warrants further investigation on its therapeutic potential in SCI.

Enzymes including starch-degrading enzymes and glucose oxidase are used in one-bath process to desize and bleach cotton fabrics. The effect of enzyme concentration on pretreatment efficiency, especially bleaching of cotton fabrics has been investigated by innovatively focusing on glucose conversion ratio of desizing products. The results showed that the starch sizing materials of cotton fabrics were completely removed by starch-degrading enzymes. The conversion ratio of glucose in desized liquor increased with concentration of glucoamylase. Consequently, whiteness of cotton fabrics bleached in one-bath process was also improved, and an increase of 7% in whiteness of bleached fabrics was observed. The fabric tear strength was decreased. However, the loss ratio could be controlled below 15%. The properties of softness and adsorption of bleached cotton fabrics were satisfactory.

The Jilongshan skarn Cu–Au deposit is located at the Jiurui ore cluster region in the southwestern part of the Middle–Lower Yangtze River valley metallogenic belt. The region is characterized by NW-, NNW- and EW-trending faults and the mineralization occurs at the contact of lower Triassic carbonate rocks and Jurassic granodiorite porphyry intrusions. The intrusives are characterized by SiO2, K2O, and Na2O concentrations ranging from 61.66 to 67.8 wt.%, 3.29 to 5.65 wt.%, and 2.83 to 3.9 wt.%, respectively. Their A/CNK (A/CNK = n(Al2O3)/[n(CaO) + n(Na2O) + n(K2O)]) ratio, δEu, and δCe vary from 0.77 to 1.17, 0.86 to 1, and 0.88 to 0.96, respectively. The rocks show enrichment in light rare earth elements ((La/Yb)N = 7.61–12.94) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE), and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE), such as Zr, Ti. They also display a peraluminous, high-K calc-alkaline signature typical of intrusives associated with skarn and porphyry Cu–Au–Mo polymetallic deposits. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) zircon U–Pb age indicates that the granodiorite porphyry formed at 151.75 ± 0.70 Ma. A few inherited zircons with older ages (677 ± 10 Ma, 848 ± 11 Ma, 2645 ± 38 Ma, and 3411 ± 36 Ma) suggest the existence of an Archaean basement beneath the Middle–Lower Yangtze River region. The temperature of crystallization of the porphyry estimated from zircon thermometer ranges from 744.3 °C to 751.5 °C, and 634.04 °C to 823.8 °C. Molybdenite Re–Os dating shows that the Jilongshan deposit formed at 150.79 ± 0.82 Ma. The metallogeny and magmatism are correlated to mantle–crust interaction, associated with the subduction of the Pacific Plate from the east. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

To investigate the association of microsurgical anatomy and growth of pituitary tumors with the recovery of visual pathway, and describe the intraoperative protection of the pituitary stalk and visual pathway.A total of 113 patients undergoing pituitary tumor surgery were retrospectively analyzed, including 102 with visual disorder and 106 with pituitary dysfunction with the tumor size ranging from 1.9 to 6.8 cm. All the operations were performed via a transpterygoid approach or transfrontal approach.Radical resection of the tumors was performed in 86 cases, subtotal resection in 21 cases, and partial resection in 5 cases. After operation, 133 eyes showed vision improvement (77.8%), 29 showed no vision changes (17%) and 9 had deteriorated vision. Two patients died due to hypothalamic disorder and multiple organ failure.The arachnoid barrier between the pituitary tumor and visual pathway is an important structure for visual pathway protection during operation. Total separation of the tumor from the visual pathway allows total removal of the tumor. The preoperative localization and intraoperative identification of the pituitary stalk are critical for pituitary stalk protection.

We experimentally study the controllable generation of a beating signal using stored light pulses based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a solid medium. The beating signal relies on an asymmetric procedure of light storage and retrieval. After storing the probe pulse into the spin coherence under the EIT condition, two-color control fields with opposite detunings instead of the initial control field are used to scatter the stored spin coherence. The controllable beating signal is generated due to alternative constructive and destructive interferences in the retrieved signal intensities. The beating of the two-color control fields is mapped into the beating of weak probe fields by using atomic spin coherence. This beating signal will be important in precise atomic spectroscopy and fast quantum limited measurements.

Kirchoff 3-D prestack depth migration is implemented on a distributed memory system. The goal is to reconstruct a full 3-D image volume. The implementation consists of two phases: the traveltime calculation and the Kirchoff summation. The traveltime calculation is parallelized by partitioning the surface locations of traveltime fields. The parallel Kirchhoff summation is implemented by partitioning the out-put image volume. The high parallel efficiency is achieved by minimizing the amount of inter-processor communication. The performance analysis of both phases shows that nearly linear speedup can be expected for over a hundred processors. The measurements carried out on a 16-processor IBM scalable parallel system are used to corroborate the analysis.