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Photonic spin–orbit (SO) coupling is an important physical mechanism leading to numerous interesting phenomena in the systems of microcavity photons and exciton-polaritons. We report the effect of SO coupling in a tunable open-access microcavity embedded with anisotropic active media. The SO coupling associated with the TE–TM splitting results in an emergent anisotropy, which further leads to fine energy splittings allowing clear observation of the full set of eigenstates, in sharp contrast with the isotropic situation which leads to the isotropic eigenstates of spin vortices. We show that the photonic potential can be engineered by playing with the relation between the emergent anisotropy and the cavity ellipticity. All the experimental results are well reproduced by the degenerate perturbation theory. Our results constitute a significant extension to the research field of microcavity spinoptronics, with potential applications in polarization control and optical property measurement of photonic devices and materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon aerogels are elastic, mechanically robust and fatigue resistant and are known for their promising applications in the fields of soft robotics, pressure sensors etc. However, these aerogels are generally fragile and/or easily deformable, which limits their applications. Here, we report a synthesis strategy for fabricating highly compressible and fatigue-resistant aerogels by assembling interconnected carbon tubes. The carbon tube aerogels demonstrate near-zero Poisson's ratio, exhibit a maximum strength over 20 MPa and a completely recoverable strain up to 99%. They show high fatigue resistance (less than 1.5% permanent degradation after 1000 cycles at 99% strain) and are thermally stable up to 2500 °C in an Ar atmosphere. Additionally, they possess tunable conductivity and electromagnetic shielding. The combined mechanical and multi-functional properties offer an attractive material for the use in harsh environments. Carbon aerogels are generally fragile and tend to collapse under large compressive strain. Here, the authors demonstrate that the mechanical strength, elasticity, and fatigue resistance can be improved by fabricating aerogels with interconnected carbon tubes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors play an important role in numerous commercial and scientific applications. The UV photodetectors based on binary‐cation indium zinc oxide (InZnO) thin films exhibit great performance enhancement, compared with their single‐cation counterparts. However, UV photodetectors based on 1D InZnO nanowires could potentially exhibit more superior optoelectrical performance, due to the large surface‐to‐volume ratio and favorable carrier transport characteristics of nanowires. This work has combined combustion synthesis with electrospinning technique to efficiently fabricate InZnO nanowire‐based UV photodetectors. At the annealing temperature of 375 °C, the newly designed InZnO nanowire photodetectors exhibit excellent photoelectric performance under the irradiation of 310 nm UV light, including a photo‐to‐dark current ratio of 1.2 × 104, a photo responsivity of 2.8 × 103 A W–1, and a high detectivity of 2.4 × 1016 Jones. This study not only demonstrates the opportunity to construct new‐generation transparent electronics based on 1D metal oxide nanowires but also sheds new light on how to further decrease the annealing temperature of metal oxide nanowire devices for low‐temperature fabrication processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One-dimensional nanostructured SnO2 has attracted intense research interest due to its advantageous properties, including a large surface-to-volume ratio, high optical transparency and typical n-type properties. However, how to fabricate high-performance and multifunctional electronic devices based on 1D nanostructured SnO2 via low-cost and efficient preparation techniques is still a huge challenge. In this work, a low-cost, one-step electrospun technology was employed to synthesize the SnO2 nanofiber (NF) and nanotube (NT) arrays. The electrical and photoelectrical parameters of SnO2 NTs-based devices were effectively controlled through simple changes to the amount of Sn in the precursor solution. The optimal 0.2 SnO2 NTs-based field effect transistors (FETs) with 0.2 g SnCl2*4H2O per 5 ml in the precursor solution exhibit a high saturation current (∼9 × 10−5 A) and a large on/off ratio exceeding 2.4 × 106. Additionally, 0.2 SnO2 NTs-based FET also exhibit a narrowband deep-UV photodetectivity (240–320 nm), including an ultra-high photocurrent of 307 μA, a high photosensitivity of 2003, responsibility of 214 A W−1 and detectivity of 2.19 × 1013 Jones. Furthermore, the SnO2 NTs-based transparent photodetectors were as well be integrated with fluorine-doped tin oxide glass and demonstrated a high optical transparency and photosensitivity (∼199). All these results elucidate the significant advantages of these electrospun SnO2 NTs for next-generation multifunctional electronics and transparent photonics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LiFePO4 is a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its excellent rate capability and superior safety. However, its relatively low energy density makes the research efforts towards another olivine structure material LiMnPO4, which exhibits higher energy density and operating voltage. Nevertheless, LiMnPO4 does not show the remarkable electrochemical performance attributing from the low electronic/ionic conductivity. To solve the problems, a facile solvothermal method is used to successfully synthetise the LiMn1-xFexPO4/C with different Fe/Mn ratio (LMFP/C) nanoparticle in this paper. The length of the obtained LiMn1-xFexPO4/C is less than 200 nm. Owing to the doping of iron and the nano-structure, the LiMn0.5Fe0.5PO4/C nanoparticle exhibits high discharge capacities of 153.6, 143.2 and 134.5 mAh g−1 at rates 0.1 C, 1 C and 5 C, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of pH on the morphology evolution and electrochemical performance have been also investigated in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]