600 results on '"Purism"'
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2. BELGRADE FAIR COMPLEX: THE COLLAPSE OF YUGOSLAV PURISM.
- Author
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Ilić, Bratislav
- Subjects
CONSENSUS (Social sciences) ,URBAN planning ,URBAN growth ,URBAN renewal ,MODERN architecture - Abstract
In the wake of accelerated development in the vicinity of the Belgrade Fair and further plans for construction in this part of the city, the events that have unfolded during the past decade of Belgrade's urban development have situated Belgrade Fair as a key topic in the spotlight of the Serbian urban planning community. The objective of this paper is, first and foremost, the formulation of a methodologically broader critical matrix regarding the formation of an approach to the future adoption of strategies for the urban renewal of the Belgrade Fair (Sajam) complex. This complex, in addition to basic research on its architectural and urban qualities, also includes numerous current and temporal aspects from which it is possible to draw conclusions about the issue at hand. These analyses of the architectural and urban value of the fair complex observe the key themes and concepts that define the Sajam's spatial and developmental paradigm. They also accentuate current questions regarding the defragmentation of the heritage of modern architecture in architectural practice. Also highlighted, in addition to the architectural and urban planning composition of the first construction phase between 1953 and 1957, are the today less-known architectural and engineering aspects of the exhibition halls that lack heritage status, along with an exploration of the renewal or transformation of this space through an analysis of recent conceptual design proposals. This study, through synthesis, seeks to establish a comprehensive picture and the broader critical framework needed to pass judgement before the ideological and constructive breakdown of Belgrade's exhibition complex as a paradigm of Yugoslav purism. The conclusions leave space for the appreciation of different approaches, opening up new questions that clearly require social consensus and which have not yet been answered in the public or professional space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. "Every word is a world": loanword ideologies and linguistic purism in post-Soviet Armenia.
- Author
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Portugal, Emma and Nonnenmacher, Sean
- Subjects
- *
LOANWORDS , *IDEOLOGY , *MODERN society , *CATEGORIZATION (Psychology) , *RADIO broadcasting , *ENGLISH language , *MATERIALS analysis - Abstract
Through the analysis of materials such as online articles, blogs, and radio broadcasts, this paper investigates linguistic purism toward Russian and English loanwords in the understudied context of post-Soviet Armenia. Our analysis finds that public commentators categorize potential loanwords as "borrowings" (փոխառություն [pʰokhaṛutʰyun]) if acceptable and "foreignisms" (օտարաբանություն [ōtarabanutʰyun]) if unacceptable, while also comparing these loanwords with acceptable and unacceptable Armenian equivalent words. In categorizing both loanwords and Armenian equivalents, commentators base their arguments on evaluative contrasts related to threats to the language, the desirability of word meaning and usage, and stylistic appropriateness. Though commentators situate themselves into opposing purist and moderate camps, differentiated by their tolerance of loanwords and classifications of individual words, the two camps rely on the same ideological framework of contrasts and use similar argumentation. Thus, while the debate invokes binary criteria for evaluating words, similar to those identified in other instances of linguistic purism, Armenian commentators themselves often defy binary categorization, falling along a fluid language-ideological continuum in which seemingly opposing commentators sometimes demonstrate striking similarities. Framed alongside prior studies of language ideologies in post-Soviet spaces, this evidence suggests that the loanword debate has a more symbolic than practical function in Armenia's contemporary multilingual society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The Ethics of Mathematical Practice
- Author
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Ernest, Paul, Sriraman, Bharath, Section editor, and Sriraman, Bharath, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Conclusion
- Author
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Aiseng, Kealeboga and Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Modernity and the machine in Ballet mécanique.
- Author
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Shingler, Katherine
- Subjects
- *
MODERNITY , *URBAN life , *MACHINERY , *HUMAN beings - Abstract
This article aims to examine Fernand Léger and Dudley Murphy's Ballet mécanique (1924), focusing on its response to technological modernity. Firstly, it assesses the film's 'Purist' leanings, and especially the notion that it provides moments of reprieve from the perceptual shock that typifies modern urban life. Following this, it provides a close examination of the relationship between the human and the machine in the film, considering whether it seeks to write out the human in favour of the mechanical, or to reconfigure the human with the model of the machine in mind. Finally, the article considers other 'mechanisms' at work in the film – the cinematic apparatus and the human psyche – and the figure of 'Charlot' (Charlie Chaplin) as an emblem of these. It ultimately suggests that Léger is mobilising some of the techniques of the earlier 'cinema of attractions' in order to capture anxieties around the effects of machine culture on the human beings living under its regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. ҚАЗАҚЫЛАНДЫРУ ЖӘНЕ ПУРИЗМ: ЛЕКСИКАЛЫҚ ЖАҢАЛЫҚТАРДЫ СУБЪЕКТИВТІ ШКАЛАЛАУ ӘДІСІ БОЙЫНША БАҒАЛАУ НӘТИЖЕЛЕРІ.
- Author
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Алдашева, К. С., Койшигулова, Д. М., and Қондыбаева, Р. Ж.
- Abstract
Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. ON 'THE FABRICK OF THE TONGUE'. LANGUAGE METAPHORS USED TO ADVOCATE DESCRIPTIVISM/PRESCRIPTIVISM IN ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN DICTIONARIES
- Author
-
Maria ȘTEFĂNESCU and Mircea MINICĂ
- Subjects
language metaphor ,lexicography ,dictionary ,descriptivism ,prescriptivism ,purism ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
There has been considerable scholarly interest in the relationship between language and national identity. The topic is vast and multi-faceted, but in this paper we are especially interested in the manner in which the perceived interdependence between ‘mother tongue’ and ‘fatherland’ has often prompted policies intended to protect the former, and therefore the latter, of whatever was regarded as harmful influence. In particular, we intend to survey some lexicographical work undertaken in Great Britain and (what is now) Romania between the middle of the 18th century and the beginning of the 20th century in order to compare decisions on prescriptivism or descriptivism in dictionaries, and the reasons behind them. While some background information will be necessary, our main focus will be the language metaphors which lexicographers and other people who brought a contribution to dictionary making resorted to in order to support their arguments in favour of or against prescriptivism/descriptivism.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Language ideologies and beliefs about language in Estonia and Estonian language planning
- Author
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Liina Lindström, Lydia Risberg, and Helen Plado
- Subjects
Estonian language planning ,Estonian ,Standard Estonian ,language ideologies ,Standard Language Ideology ,purism ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 ,Finnic. Baltic-Finnic ,PH91-98.5 - Abstract
Throughout Estonian history, the language ideologies prevailing in Europe have had great influence on Estonian language planning. Language planners, in turn, have influenced the views of Estonian society. In this paper we analyse how language ideologies have supported myths and beliefs throughout the history of cultivating Standard Estonian. The privileged status of Standard Estonian (compared to local dialects) strengthened considerably from the early 20th century. Although Estonian language planning became more tolerant and democratic since the 1980s, a totalitarian understanding of the language still remains in the background. Using foreign words and the mixing of languages and registers is considered especially objectionable due to the ideology of a small nation, which has to defend itself and its language. In the 2020s, discussions about language change and the principles of language planning re-emerged. These have been interesting, because language planning wishes to make the “top-down” language norms of Standard Estonian closer to actual language use, while language maintenance experts still see any potential changes as a threat to the Estonian language and even the nation. Kokkuvõte. Liina Lindström, Lydia Risberg, Helen Plado: Keeleideoloogiad ja uskumused keele kohta Eestis ja eesti keelekorralduses. Euroopas valitsevad keeleideoloogiad on aja jooksul eesti keelekorraldusele suurt mõju avaldanud. Keelekorraldajad on omakorda mõjutanud eesti ühiskonnas valitsevaid arusaamu. Artiklis analüüsime, kuidas keeleideoloogiad on alates 19. sajandist toetanud müüte ja uskumusi eesti kirjakeele kohta. 20. sajandi algul tugevnes kirjakeele staatus (võrreldes kohalike murretega) järsku, samuti süvenes hoiak, et on olemas „õige“ ja „vale“ keel. Kuigi eesti keelekorraldus muutus alates 1980. aastatest leebemaks ja demokraatlikumaks, on taustal püsinud siiski totalitaarne arusaam keelest. Võõrsõnu ja keelte ning registrite segamist peetakse eriti halvaks ideoloogia tõttu eestlastest kui väikesest rahvast, kes on pidanud ja peab ennast ja oma keelt pidevalt kaitsma. 2020. aastatel järjekordselt esile kerkinud uued arutelud on huvitavad, sest keelekorraldus soovib norminguid hoida tegeliku keelekasutusega kooskõlas, kuid keeletoimetajad ja õpetajad näevad võimalikke muudatusi ohuna nii eesti keelele kui isegi rahvusele. Niisiis on pika aja jooksul levinud keeleideoloogiad eestlastes tugevalt juurdunud.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Perspectives on Flamenco Culture
- Author
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Manuel, Peter, author
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Early Modern Terminology for Dialect: Denigration, Purism, and the Language-Dialect Dichotomy.
- Author
-
Van Rooy, Raf and Maxwell, Alexander
- Subjects
LINGUISTIC context ,DIALECTS ,TERMS & phrases ,SEMANTICS ,NEW words - Abstract
When the language-dialect dichotomy first emerged in the early modern period, several scholars devised terminological alternatives, particularly for the subordinate lower half of the dichotomy. This article examines a series of terminological alternatives in their social and linguistic contexts, considering terms from the Romance, Germanic, and Slavic linguistic zones. Our case studies suggest that there were two main reasons for coining neologisms, or for devising new meanings for existing words. Some scholars sought terms with stronger pejorative connotations, others acted from language purism. Pejorative neologisms generally proved unsuccessful, but several purist neologisms endured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. ON “THE FABRICK OF THE TONGUE”. LANGUAGE METAPHORS USED TO ADVOCATE DESCRIPTIVISM/PRESCRIPTIVISM IN ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN DICTIONARIES.
- Author
-
ȘTEFĂNESCU, Maria and MINICĂ, Mircea
- Subjects
ENGLISH language ,LANGUAGE policy ,NATIVE language ,LINGUISTIC identity ,ENCYCLOPEDIAS & dictionaries - Abstract
Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. English borrowings in modern Russian. On the problem of linguistic tolerance
- Author
-
Lashkova, Galina V. and Matyashevskaya, Angelina Igorevna
- Subjects
borrowing ,english borrowings ,linguistic tolerance ,purism ,levels of linguistic assimilation ,Language and Literature - Abstract
The article studies English borrowings in modern Russian. One of the main factors of borrowing is globalization which resulted in closer cooperation between countries at the turn of the centuries. One of the central problems of sociolinguistics is exponentially intensive interrelation of languages in the modern world. The predictions of perspectives and evaluation of its results for the Russian language have been changing during the last several decades. At present the widely preferred approach is linguistic tolerance to the constant enrichment of the Russian language vocabulary with English borrowings. It is regarded as an inevitable result of scientifi c and technical progress, socio-cultural and economic processes which take place in world integration. The article studies English borrowings functioning in various Internet resources, which are classifi ed according to their thematic groups. These borrowings are analyzed from the point of view of their assimilation by the Russian language on all linguistic levels, namely: phonetic and graphical, morphological, grammatical and semantic. The evidence does not support some pessimistic statements of linguists that the Russian language “is being conquered” by the English language. A good illustration of this phenomenon is, for example, the assimilation of English monomorphemic borrowings, which become polymorphemic in the Russian language as it is characteristic of its synthetic structure as opposed to the analytical structure of the English language. It means that English borrowings take part in some defi nite word-formation processes, such as affi xation, acquiring certain grammatical categories which are typical for the Russian language. It is concluded that inner laws of the Russian language successfully confront uncontrolled expansion of English borrowings.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES AND BELIEFS ABOUT LANGUAGE IN ESTONIA AND ESTONIAN LANGUAGE PLANNING.
- Author
-
Lindström, Liina, Risberg, Lydia, and Pladoa, Helen
- Subjects
- *
ESTONIAN language , *LANGUAGE planning , *LANGUAGE maintenance , *SMALL states , *LINGUISTIC change - Abstract
Throughout Estonian history, the language ideologies prevailing in Europe have had great influence on Estonian language planning. Language planners, in turn, have influenced the views of Estonian society. In this paper we analyse how language ideologies have supported myths and beliefs throughout the history of cultivating Standard Estonian. The privileged status of Standard Estonian (compared to local dialects) strengthened considerably from the early 20th century. Although Estonian language planning became more tolerant and democratic since the 1980s, a totalitarian understanding of the language still remains in the background. Using foreign words and the mixing of languages and registers is considered especially objectionable due to the ideology of a small nation, which has to defend itself and its language. In the 2020s, discussions about language change and the principles of language planning re-emerged. These have been interesting, because language planning wishes to make the “top-down” language norms of Standard Estonian closer to actual language use, while language maintenance experts still see any potential changes as a threat to the Estonian language and even the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. "¿Qué ha de hacer la Academia sino galiparlar...?" Uso, recepción y críticas a algunos verbos adoptados del francés a través de la prensa española decimonónica.
- Author
-
SILVESTRE LLAMAS, MIGUEL
- Subjects
NINETEENTH century ,STANDARD language ,CIVILIZATION ,LEXICON - Abstract
Copyright of Etudes Romanes de Brno is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Dictionaries as instruments of exclusion and inclusion: some South African dictionaries as case in point.
- Author
-
Gouws, Rufus H.
- Abstract
Copyright of Lexicographica is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Purism and National Identity : The construction of language and national identity in Serbian and Bulgarian nineteenth-century purist discourse
- Author
-
Lindgren-Ciampi, Pontus and Lindgren-Ciampi, Pontus
- Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to analyse how the Serbian and Bulgarian nineteenth-century intellectual elites constructed concepts of national identity in media-discourses on linguistic purity, as well as how these purist discourses were situated within their unique Balkan cultural-historical contexts. The dissertation places itself in the field of historical sociolinguistics which suggests a contextual approach to language change in the past and the discourses shaping them. Nevalainen (2015) has subsumed this approach under the integrationist notion of “layered simultaneity”. This notion implies that the meanings which a specific sociocultural community—the Balkan nineteenth-century intellectuals, in the case of this study—simultaneously produces in discourse, are always the outcome of an infinitely complex interplay of historical, social, political, ideological, and cultural contingencies, relations, and entanglements. The material examined in this study consists of fifteen Serbian and Bulgarian periodicals, four pamphlets, and one book. These publications were either originally published in the periodical press or constituted a vital part of debates that had been initiated in the periodical press. All were published in the period of the Serbian and Bulgarian ‘National Revivals’ (1804–1878) and represent platforms where the members of the expanding bourgeois public sphere debated the questions of purism, language, and national identity. The primary sources stretch from 1830 to 1874. This period was formative for the construction of complex and interacting sets of cultural practices and symbols which were intended to define the nation externally – in relation to other nations and unite it internally. According to the then prevailing Romanticist cultural ideology, language was the prime definer of cultural difference and the utmost expression of the unicity of a people. Purist discourses on language and national identity are always embedded in specific historica
- Published
- 2024
18. NEW NAKHICHEVAN DIALECT AS AN ELEMENT OF THE ARMENIAN NATIONAL IDENTITY.
- Author
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BOTSINYAN, Mariana
- Subjects
NATIONAL character ,DIALECTS ,ARMENIANS ,STANDARD language - Abstract
The formation of the Armenian Diaspora was specifically crucial for the Armenian people and the Armenian language. Armenians worldwide have expanded the range of the Armenian language, exerting great efforts to preserve the integrity of the language. Conditioned by this, one noticeable problem for the literary language has emerged; as much as foreignisms are dangerous for the language, purisms are equally dangerous. The article is dedicated to one of the critical elements of self-determination of Armenians living in the region of New Nakhichevan; the current language status of the Armenian dialect, the scope of its use and the preservation of the national face through language. In order to avoid the danger of assimilation, especially the representatives of the Western dialect group create Armenian morphemes and try to translate all the words indiscriminately, even internationally acceptable terms, which signals the fear living in the subconscious that the distortion of the language will lead to the distortion of the national identity. Dialects also evince features in semantics. In the article, we have presented several words used in the dialect, which, compared to other Armenian dialects, coincide in terms of expression but differ in terms of content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Prescriptivism on its own terms. Perceptions and realities of usage in Siegenbeek's Lijst (1847).
- Author
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van der Meulen, Marten and Rutten, Gijsbert
- Subjects
HISTORICAL fiction ,LOANWORDS ,CORPORA ,RESISTANCE training - Abstract
In 1847, one of the first professors of Dutch, Matthijs Siegenbeek (1774–1854), published a purist word list entitled Lijst van woorden en uitdrukkingen met het Nederlandsch taaleigen strijdende, 'List of words and expressions at odds with the nature of Dutch'. In this pamphlet, he condemned a variety of loanwords and loan translations. Siegenbeek refers regularly to the usage of disapproved variants, employing a variety of quantifiers and sociolinguistic references. How well such statements reflect the linguistic reality, however, is a contentious issue in studies of prescriptivism. In this paper, we study Siegenbeek's pronouncements about usage against the backdrop of Curzan's concept of restorative prescriptivism. By studying the use of different types of quantifiers, and matching these to a text collection of historical fiction from the time, we show that Siegenbeek's statements about usage miss the mark for most specific variables. However, when we look at the average usage frequency, we see that as frequency terms increase in strength, so do the number of condemned variants, both for relative frequency and absolute frequency. Based on these results, we argue for a re-evaluation of the relationship between prescriptivism and usage, and a reappreciation of prescriptivists' frequency judgements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Le Corbusier's Ineffable Space and Synchronism: From Architecture as Clear Syntax to Architecture as Succession of Events.
- Author
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Charitonidou, Marianna
- Subjects
SYNTAX (Grammar) ,ARCHITECTURAL design - Abstract
This article examines Le Corbusier's architectural design processes, paying special attention to his concept of "ineffable space". Le Corbusier related "ineffable space" to mathematics, arguing that both mathematics and the phenomenon of "ineffable space" provoke an effect of "concordance". He also argued that when the establishment of relations is "precise" and "overwhelming", architectural artefacts are capable of "provoking physiological sensations". For Le Corbusier, the sentiment of satisfaction and enjoyment that an architectural artefact can provoke is related to a perception of harmony. This article analyzes the reasons for which Le Corbusier insisted on the necessity to discover or invent "clear syntax" through architectural composition. He believed that the power of architectural artefacts lies in their "clear syntax". Particular emphasis is placed on the relationship of Le Corbusier's theories of space with those of Henri Bergson and the De Stijl movement. At the core of the reflections that are developed here are Le Corbusier's "patient search" ("recherche patiente") and the vital role of the act of drawing for the process of inscribing images in memory. For Le Corbusier, drawing embodied the acts of observing, discovering, inventing and creating. This article also relates Le Corbusier's interest in proportions and his conception of the Modulor to post-war Italian neo-humanistic approaches in architecture. It intends to render explicit how Le Corbusier's definition of architecture was reshaped, shedding light on the shift from defining architecture as clear syntax to defining architecture as the succession of events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Mathematics, ethics and purism: an application of MacIntyre's virtue theory.
- Author
-
Ernest, Paul
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of mathematics ,SOCIAL responsibility ,VIRTUE ethics ,SOCIAL ethics ,MATHEMATICS education - Abstract
A traditional problem of ethics in mathematics is the denial of social responsibility. Pure mathematics is viewed as neutral and value free, and therefore free of ethical responsibility. Applications of mathematics are seen as employing a neutral set of tools which, of themselves, are free from social responsibility. However, mathematicians are convinced they know what constitutes good mathematics. Furthermore many pure mathematicians are committed to purism, the ideology that values purity above applications in mathematics, and some historical reasons for this are discussed. MacIntyre's virtue ethics accommodates both the good mathematician (and good pure mathematics) and the ethics of the social practice of mathematics. It demonstrates that purism is compatible with acknowledging the social responsibility of mathematics. Four aspects of this responsibility are mentioned, two concerning the impact of mathematics via education, and two concerning explicit and implicit applications of mathematics. The last of these opens up the performativity of mathematical and measurement applications in society, which change the very processes they are supposed to measure. Although these applications are not explored in detail, they illustrate the importance of considering the ethics and social responsibility of mathematics in society. MacIntyre's virtue theory opens a broad approach to the controversial topic of the ethics of mathematics encompassing purism, and absolutist and social constructivist philosophies of mathematics, but still enabling ethical critiques of the impact of mathematics on society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. THE ETHICS OF MATHEMATICAL PRACTICE: REJECTION, REALISATION AND RESPONSIBILITY.
- Author
-
Ernest, Paul
- Subjects
ETHICAL problems ,SOCIAL responsibility ,ETHICS ,SOCIAL impact ,RESPONSIBILITY - Abstract
This chapter examines the role and need for ethics in mathematical practice. Mathematics is one of the few areas of study in which ethics is widely perceived as irrelevant. Many mathematicians and others resist the idea that we need to consider the ethics of both pure and applied mathematics. The foundations of this resistance are analyzed and located in background philosophies and ideologies of purism and neutrality. The range of social practices is investigated, and different ethical problems and issues are brought to light. It is argued that virtuous mathematicians can legitimately pursue mathematics for its own sake, but as citizens they also have a responsibility to care about the social impacts of mathematics. A review of the literature on the social responsibility of science and mathematics reveals that, although long neglected, concerns about the ethics of mathematics are starting to emerge in publications and training practices. Some of the more ethically sensitive areas are explored and three problematic categories are distinguished and exemplified. These are (1) mathematics in public communications, (2) overt applications of mathematics with powerful social impacts, and (3) the hidden performativity of mathematics in restructuring society, institutions, and social practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
23. Frigyes SCHULEK și restaurarea bazilicii romanice din Acâș.
- Author
-
Tamás, EMŐDI
- Subjects
PRESERVATION of historic buildings ,ARCHITECTS - Abstract
Copyright of Transsylvania Nostra is the property of Transsylvania Nostra Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
24. Dílo Františka Schmoranze st. v kontextu puristické památkové péče ve Vysokém Mýtě.
- Author
-
BARCAL, Vojtěch
- Abstract
Copyright of Czech Journal of Historical Heritage Preservation / Zpravy Pamatkove Pece is the property of Narodni Pamatkovy Ustav and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
25. A semiotic approach to language ideologies: Modelling the changing Icelandic languagescape
- Author
-
Stephen Pax Leonard
- Subjects
language ,ideology ,semiotics ,Icelandic ,purism ,Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 - Abstract
Attempts have been made to examine how speakers frame linguistic varieties by employing social semiotic models. Using ethnographic data collected over many years, this article applies such a model to Iceland, once described as the ‘e-coli of linguistics’ – its size, historical isolation and relative linguistic homogeneity create conditions akin to a sociolinguistic laboratory. This semiotic model of language ideologies problematizes the prevailing discourse of linguistic purism at a time of sociolinguistic upheaval. The analysis shows how an essentializing scheme at the heart of Icelandic language policy ensured that linguistic “anomalies” such as “dative disease” and “genitive phobia” indexed essential differences. “Impure” language was indicative of un-Icelandicness. Once monolingual (indeed monodialectal), the Icelandic speech community is increasingly characterized by innovative linguistic transgressions which thus far have not been instrumentalized by language policy makers. It is shown how a semiotic model can help us analyse the function of language ideologies more generally.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Lexical necropolitics: The raciolinguistics of language oppression on the Tibetan margins of Chineseness.
- Author
-
Roche, Gerald
- Subjects
- *
RACISM , *LANGUAGE & languages , *LINGUISTIC minorities , *STATE power - Abstract
This article aims to expand raciolinguistic theory to examine the issue of language oppression, i.e., enforced language loss. I used Foucauldian theories of race and racism to establish a link between lexical purism and language oppression, giving rise to a raciolinguistic theory of language oppression that I refer to as 'lexical necropolitics.' This issue is explored through a case study from northeast Tibet. I describe how state racism and the subordination of minority languages in the People's Republic of China has led to a grass-roots lexical purism campaign among Tibetans, and argue that since 2008, this purism has been linked to language oppression by the emergence of a new, biosovereign configuration of state power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. THE IDEOLOGIES OF PURITY AND NEUTRALITY AND THE ETHICS OF MATHEMATICS.
- Author
-
Ernest, Paul
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of mathematics ,SOCIAL responsibility ,VIRTUE ethics ,SOCIAL ethics ,MATHEMATICS education - Abstract
A traditional problem of ethics in mathematics is the denial of social responsibility. Pure mathematics is viewed as neutral and value free, and therefore free of ethical responsibility. Applications of mathematics are seen as employing a neutral set of tools which, of themselves, are free from social responsibility. However, mathematicians are convinced they know what constitutes good mathematics. Furthermore many pure mathematicians are committed to purism, the ideology that values purity above applications in mathematics, and some historical reasons for this are discussed. MacIntyre's virtue ethics accommodates both the good mathematician (and good pure mathematics) and the ethics of the social practice of mathematics. It demonstrates that purism is compatible with acknowledging the social responsibility of mathematics. Four aspects of this responsibility are mentioned, two concerning the impact of mathematics via education, and two concerning explicit and implicit applications of mathematics. The last of these opens up the performativity of mathematical and measurement applications in society, which change the very processes they are supposed to measure. Although these applications are not explored in detail, they illustrate the importance of considering the ethics and social responsibility of mathematics in society. MacIntyre's virtue theory opens a broad approach to the controversial topic of the ethics of mathematics encompassing purism, and absolutist and social constructivist philosophies of mathematics, but still enabling ethical critiques of the impact of mathematics on society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
28. Epistemología de la educación inclusiva
- Author
-
Aldo Ariel Ocampo González
- Subjects
Objectivism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Sociology ,Product (category theory) ,Epistemic authority ,Structuring ,General Environmental Science ,Epistemology ,Purism ,Diversity (politics) ,media_common ,Education - Abstract
Pensar en la construcción del conocimiento de la educación inclusiva es, sin duda, un punto álgido, espinoso y caliente. En cierta medida, producto de la multiplicidad de voces que participan de su estructuración, así como de la diversidad de convergencias heurísticas que en ella acontecen. Su comprensión epistemológica rompe con el purismo conservador del trabajo en la intimidad de las disciplinas y de la normatividad y objetivismo de ciertos marcos paradigmáticos, deconstruye las formas de autoridad epistémica sancionadas. Si bien este singular territorio heurístico ha circulado por las estructuras académicas sin bloques de reflexividad acordes a la singularidad que define la naturaleza de su conocimiento, tampoco ha logrado consolidar un corpus de métodos y metodologías de investigación para abordar la complejidad multiaxial y multidimensional de sus fenómenos, lo cierto es que ha consolidado un compromiso político global que marca su trayectoria político-teórica en términos de una epistemología neomaterialista, un sistema de reflexividad comprometido con la interpretación de los signos del presente, un aparato cognitivo comprometido con el devenir del conocimiento.
- Published
- 2022
29. On expressive and aesthetic use of terminology: an attempt of communicative analysis (with russian and croatian linguistic terms as examples)
- Author
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Albrekht Fedor
- Subjects
linguistic term ,Russian language ,Croatian language ,communicative situation ,communicative purpose ,alienation from everyday language ,creating terms by means of native semantic and word-formational resources ,purism ,expressiveness ,style ,History of Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics ,DK1-4735 ,History and principles of religions ,BL660-2680 - Abstract
This article analyses several Russian and Croatian linguistic terms and aims to demonstrate that linguists tend to equate characteristic features of communicative situations with features of linguistic units occurring in these situations. The terms coined to be exact designations of a certain scientifi c notion and used in the academic style are perceived by many scholars as signs devoid of any emotion and expressiveness. Clearly, the use of terms does not imply any expressiveness if they are employed for the purpose they have been created for, namely for the sake of alloting the exact name to a newly-discovered phenomenon and incorporating the given name into the existing terminological framework. However, the coinage of terms sometimes ceases to be a vital need and transforms into designating something new for the sake of it, which conceals a totally diff erent aim. This aim might be, e.g., designating oneself as different from “laymen”, and to this end terms of foreign origin are readily at hand (the tendency to alienate terminology from everyday language). This aim might also be the demonstration of the fact that a certain language can well serve as a language of science and elite culture making use of its own resources of word formation and semantics (the tendency to create new words despite the established tradition and in contrast to the opinion of another nation about this language). Thus, if creating terms transforms from a vital need into the process of designating for the sake of it, the main communicative aim of employing terms also shifts from its academic function to serving the goal of the writer/speaker to alienate him- or herself from anybody else (laymen, non-professionals, other nations etc.). And it is in this case that the use of terminology becomes expressive. Consequently, the expressiveness of the term is not determined by the properties of the term as a linguistic unit because these properties are secondary with regard to the initial intention of the speaker/writer.
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- 2018
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30. Against Moral Purism
- Author
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Francisco García Gibson
- Subjects
Purism ,Lesser evil ,Prima facie wrong ,Incompleteness ,Wrongness ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Moral purism is the view that doing evil is never allowed, even as a means to prevent a greater evil. This article assesses two main versions of moral purism and shows that they are implausible. The first version claims that it is always impermissible to choose an option that results in a bad states of affairs, while the second version claims that it is always impermissible to choose an option that is wrong, even if it is only prima facie wrong. I contend that both versions are incomplete, in the sense that they are unable to provide practical guidance for cases in which all available options result in bad states of affairs, or in which all available options are prima facie wrong.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. The "Šreter" Prizes: Tackling Contemporary Croatian Linguistic Purism (1993–2018).
- Author
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Jovanović, Srđan M.
- Subjects
- *
CROATS , *NEW words , *EDITORIAL boards , *PRIZES (Contests & competitions) , *LEXEME - Abstract
Linguistic purism in Croatia has long figured as one of the main elements of Croatian linguistic nationalism. Though it has been tackled in scholarly production, its newest embodiment, the so-called Šreter prizes, has not. The Šreter prizes are an award contest, established by the editorial board of the highly nationalist linguistic journal, Jezik (Serbo-Croatian "language"), in which competitors vie for prizes awarded for the "best new Croatian word," often referred to as "neo-Croatian." This article explores the narratives centered around the Šreter prizes, tackling additionally the lexical and morphological features of the newly minted "Croatian" lexemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. How to argue for pragmatic encroachment.
- Author
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Roeber, Blake
- Subjects
ARGUMENT - Abstract
Purists think that changes in our practical interests can't affect our knowledge unless those changes are truth-relevant with respect to the propositions in question. Impurists disagree. They think changes in our practical interests can affect our knowledge even if those changes aren't truth-relevant with respect to the propositions in question. I argue that impurists are right, but for the wrong reasons, since impurists haven't appreciated the best argument for their own view. As I show, there is an argument for impurism sitting in plain sight that is considerably more plausible than any extant argument for impurism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. From Haugen's codification to Thomas's purism: assessing the role of description and prescription, prescriptivism and purism in linguistic standardisation.
- Author
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Ayres-Bennett, Wendy
- Subjects
STANDARDIZATION ,CODIFICATION of law ,METALANGUAGE ,BILINGUALISM ,LEXICOGRAPHY - Abstract
Haugen's model (in Sociolinguistics, Penguin, Harmondsworth, pp 97–111, 1972 [1966]) of standardisation has been widely adopted in general histories of particular languages, not least because of its clarity and simplicity. In this article, I focus on its treatment of codification, with a view to suggesting refinements to this part of the model. In particular, I discuss the relationship between codification and prescription on the one hand, and between prescriptivism and purism on the other. Haugen makes no distinction between codification and prescription either in the original version of his model (Haugen 1972 [1966]), or in its revised version (Haugen in Blessings of Babel. Bilingualism and language planning problems and pleasures, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 1987). Indeed, he seems to consider codification and prescription as broadly interchangeable, suggesting that the typical products of codification are a prescriptive orthography, grammar and dictionary. Whilst Milroy and Milroy (Authority in language: Investigating language prescription and standardisation, 2 edn, Routledge, London/New York, 1991) do differentiate codification and prescription, neither model mentions purism, although Deumert and Vandenbussche (Germanic standardisations: Past to present, John Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 2003) argue that it is essential to consider its role in the history of standardisation. I offer definitions of the different terms and argue that, when considering the role of prescriptivism and purism in linguistic standardisation, it is important to distinguish between the author's/work's intention, use of metalanguage, and effect. Finally, I adapt George Thomas's model for assessing purism to the assessment of prescriptivism, thereby avoiding viewing prescription and description as a simple dichotomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. A semiotic approach to language ideologies: Modelling the changing Icelandic languagescape.
- Author
-
Leonard, Stephen Pax
- Subjects
- *
SEMIOTICS , *ETHNOLOGY , *SOCIOLINGUISTICS , *MONOLINGUALISM , *LANGUAGE policy - Abstract
Attempts have been made to examine how speakers frame linguistic varieties by employing social semiotic models. Using ethnographic data collected over many years, this article applies such a model to Iceland, once described as the 'e-coli of linguistics' - its size, historical isolation and relative linguistic homogeneity create conditions akin to a sociolinguistic laboratory. This semiotic model of language ideologies problematizes the prevailing discourse of linguistic purism at a time of sociolinguistic upheaval. The analysis shows how an essentializing scheme at the heart of Icelandic language policy ensured that linguistic "anomalies" such as "dative disease" and "genitive phobia" indexed essential differences. "Impure" language was indicative of un-Icelandicness. Once monolingual (indeed monodialectal), the Icelandic speech community is increasingly characterized by innovative linguistic transgressions which thus far have not been instrumentalized by language policy makers. It is shown how a semiotic model can help us analyse the function of language ideologies more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Knowledge, reasoning, and deliberation.
- Author
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Kim, Brian
- Subjects
- *
DECISION theory , *PRACTICAL reason - Abstract
Epistemologists have become increasingly interested in the practical role of knowledge. One prominent principle, which I call PREMISE, states that if you know that p, then you are justified in using p as a premise in your reasoning. In response, a number of critics have proposed a variety of counter‐examples. In order to evaluate these problem cases, we need to consider the broader context in which this principle is situated by specifying in greater detail the types of activity that the principle governs. I argue that if PREMISE is interpreted as governing deductive reasoning, then the examples lose their force. In addition, I consider the cases, discussed by Keith DeRose, where the subject is in more than one practical context at the same time. In order to account for these latter cases, we need to further specify the scope of PREMISE. I distinguish two ways of understanding PREMISE, as a knowledge‐action principle and as a knowledge‐deliberation principle. I conclude by arguing for the knowledge‐deliberation version of the principle and by exploring what this principle says about the practical role of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Why purists should be infallibilists.
- Author
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Hannon, Michael
- Subjects
- *
THEORY of knowledge , *FALLIBILISM , *JUSTIFICATION (Ethics) , *PRAGMATICS , *ETHICS - Abstract
Two of the most orthodox ideas in epistemology are fallibilism and purism. According to the fallibilist, one can know that a particular claim is true even though one's justification for that claim is less than fully conclusive. According to the purist, knowledge does not depend on practical factors. Fallibilism and purism are widely assumed to be compatible; in fact, the combination of these views has been called the 'ho-hum,' obvious, traditional view of knowledge. But I will argue that fallibilism and purism are incompatible. The best explanation for fallibilism requires one to reject purism, while maintaining purism should lead one to reject fallibilism. It follows that the orthodox view of knowledge is deeply mistaken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. ГОЛОС ЖІНКИ В ІСТОРІЇ ФРАНЦУЗЬКОЇ ФІЛОЛОГІЇ / WOMAN’S VOICE IN THE HISTORY OF THE FRENCH PHILOLOGY
- Author
-
Михайло ПОПОВИЧ
- Subjects
ари де Гурнє филологические трактаты ,Малерб ,пуризм ,языковая реформа ,поэтическая речь ,Marie de Gournay ,Malherbe ,Purism ,language reform ,poetic speech ,philological treatises ,History of medicine. Medical expeditions ,R131-687 ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Попович М. Голос женщины в истории французской филологии. Цель исследования - высветлить филологические взгляды одной из самых эрудированных и последовательных оппонентов пуристкого обновления французского языка эпохи классицизма мадемуазель Мари Ле Жар де Гурнэ, изложенные ею в четырех рассмотренных в статье трактатах. Для достижения поставленной цели, в статье использован ряд общенаучных методов, выбор которых основывается на полипарадигмальном методологическом подходе, согласно которому объект исследования является отражением авторского мировоззрения, которое сформировалось под влиянием определенных историко-культурных процессов и определило концептуальную основу мышления автора. Такой подход обусловил выбор релевантных методов и приемов. Основополагающими из них есть метод лингвистического наблюдения, который используется для получения первичной информации о предмете исследования, описательноаналитический, который помог провести качественный анализ предмета исследования и метод интепретационно-текстовый, который был задействован для глубинного анализа содержания авторских интенций. Применены также методические приемы систематизации, обобщения, описания и сопоставления. Научная новизна разведки заключается в том, что отечественная романистика впервые знакомится с филологическими трудами выдающегося французского филолога конца XVI - начала XVI веков Мари де Гурнэ, которая выступала против многих лингвистических новшеств, жестко навязываемых французскому языку реформаторами во главе с Малербом. Выводы. Трактаты Мари де Гурнэ проливают свет на широкий круг вопросов функционирования французского языка конца XVI - начала XVII веков, поэтому обстоятельное изучение этих работ имеет незаурядное значение не только для лучшего понимания истории развития французского языка, но и для лучшего понимания того, как создавались основы поэтической творчества будущих писателей и поэтов Франции.Popovych M. Woman’s Voice in the History of the French Philology. The study presents philological views of one of the most intelligent and consistent opponents of the puristic renewal of the French language in the classical age, i.e. of Mademoiselle Marie Le Jars de Gournay. This self-dictatorial woman owing to her perseverance and natural abilities studied Latin and Greek independently having thus opened up for herself an access to ancient sources of knowledge in various humanitarian fields. Knowledge acquired by tireless work formed her as an extraordinary, creatively thinking person who enjoyed undeniable authority among the educated people of those times. Marie de Gournay 's writing talent and deep analytical mind gained public recognition and were highly appreciated by many intellectuals not only in France but also in Europe. Noteworthy in this regard is the ascertained historical fact that Michel Montaigne, the renowned thinker of the Renaissance, regarded her as his daughter, and even entrusted her with the reprint of his works both during his lifetime and after his death. Marie de Gournay’s years of life and her writings were in the period when the French language was establishing itself as the official state language. Her ideological beliefs were formed under the influence of the ideals of humanism of the Renaissance and of the artistic values of the age of Classicism. Adhering to the humanistic principles of the artists of the XVI century Marie de Gournay vehemently fought against many linguistic innovations that were persistently imposed on the society by reformers led by Malherbe. Due to her uncompromising position on the methods of linguistic reform, many lexical and grammatical units were preserved in the French language the withdrawal of which was urged by the supports of Malherbe. Marie de Gournay’s treatises shed light on a wide range of 16 Ibid, P. 427. 17 Feugère L . Les femmes poètes au XVIe siècle, Léon Feugère, Paris : Didier et Ci e, Libraires-Éditeurs, 1860, Р. 192 –193; 222 – 224. 18 Gournay M.(de) , Les Advis, ou les Presens de la Demoiselle de Gournay, Marie de Gournay, 3i ème éd. augmentée, revue et corrigée, Paris : J. Du Bray, M. DC.XLI (1641), P. 399. 166 Попович М. Голос жінки в історії французької філології... issues of the functioning of French at the end of the XVI and the beginning of the XVIII centuries and prove that the process of language normalization, which is connected with Malherbe’s reformist activity and later with the similar activities of the French Academy, founded in 1634, was not an easy one. The article briefly reviews the contents of four of eight treatises written by Gournay in which the author examines various controversial issues in philology. All of them were in the collection of works published first in 1626 under the name “L’Ombre de la demoiselle de Gournay”. The author changed the first title into “Les Advisou les presens de la mademoiselle de Gournay” in the second (1634) and third (1641) editions.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. #JeSuisCirconflexe: The French spelling reform of 1990 and 2016 reactions.
- Author
-
Humphries, Emma
- Subjects
LANGUAGE awareness ,LINGUISTICS ,INTERNET forums ,FRENCH literature - Abstract
In February 2016 the French spelling reform of 1990, which introduced changes to approximately 2,000 words, became the object of discussion online, after it was announced that the new spellings would be included in textbooks from September. Analysing a corpus of tweets, containing key terms from the online discussion, JeSuisCirconflexe; ognon and réforme orthographe, this study gives an insight into the reactions to this governmental linguistic intervention, the recurring themes in their discourse and how this can be interpreted as prescriptive or purist behaviour. Although previous studies have extensively analysed reactions to the 1996 spelling reform in Germany, little research has considered online lay-reactions to the French reform. Given observations that online interactions differ in many ways to equivalent offline interactions, this study can form a point of contrast to previous studies conducted in offline contexts, thereby enriching the existing literature in this field. It is also often claimed that France is a country in which linguistic purism is deeply entrenched; this article will seek further evidence for these claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The Man in the Concrete Mask: The Metamorphosis of Charles‐Édouard Jeanneret.
- Author
-
Glancey, Jonathan
- Subjects
METAMORPHOSIS ,EXHIBITIONS - Abstract
How did Le Corbusier make the transition from mountain boy to modernist master? How did he develop his architectural persona and his design identity, and how did he communicate it to maximum effect? British journalist, author and broadcaster Jonathan Glancey leads us through some of the critical moments in Le Corbusier's rise to architectural immortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Naming the elements in the Nordic languages (Swedish, Danish, Icelandic) until 1945
- Author
-
Tarsi, Matteo and Tarsi, Matteo
- Abstract
The article analyzes the names for the chemical elements discovered from antiquityuntil 1945. The etymology of each of the names, which total 96, is given in Section2, together with bibiographical information about their first appearance. In a number ofcases, more names were coined, and, whenever this is still reflected in some languages, itis accounted for (conversely, names such as columbium for niobium are disregarded asthey do not consistute offical names). In the discussion section, the names for the elementsin the three Nordic languages are comparatively analyzed with regard to 1) lexical strategies;2) loanword acquisition; and 3) word formation.
- Published
- 2023
41. Loanwords and native words in the Nordic languages database (c.1550–c. 1900)
- Author
-
Tarsi, Matteo and Tarsi, Matteo
- Published
- 2023
42. Reflexions i respostes sobre la qualitat lingüística del català
- Author
-
Costa i Carreras, Joan and Costa i Carreras, Joan
- Abstract
Aquest article es proposa contestar les preguntes següents: 1) és la implantació de la normativa en la varietat estàndard sinònim de (bona) qualitat en aquesta varietat?; 2) és necessàriament un indicador de (bona) qualitat lingüística la implantació de la normativa en les varietats estàndard?; 3) implica necessàriament mala qualitat lingüística la no implantació de la normativa en les varietats estàndard?; 4) es pot parlar de (bona) qualitat lingüística quan es contravé la normativa, si es fa per transgressió?, i es pot parlar de (bona) qualitat lingüística quan es contravé la normativa, si es fa per ignorància? Les nostres propostes finals són aquestes: 1) ateses les característiques estructurals i les funcions socials de la varietat estàndard, que la normativa s’hi implanti és sinònim de qualitat lingüística i sociolingüística en aquesta varietat; 2) en les varietats no estàndard, la implantació de la normativa no és necessàriament un indicador de qualitat lingüística; 3) en les varietats no estàndard la no implantació de la normativa no implica necessàriament mala qualitat lingüística —en serien els límits, però, la genuïnitat i la gramaticalitat—; 4) es pot parlar de qualitat lingüística quan es contravé la normativa, tant si es fa per transgressió com si es fa per ignorància —en serien els límits, però, la genuïnitat i la gramaticalitat. En l’assoliment d’aquestes propostes, hem discutit els conceptes pertinents per a respondre les preguntes, formulats en general però aplicats al català, i, a partir de la definició d’aquests conceptes, hem intentat falsar les hipòtesis afirmatives corresponents a les quatre preguntes., This text aims to answer the following questions: 1) is prescriptive grammar implantation in a standard variety synonymous with (good) quality in such variety?; 2) is prescriptive grammar implantation necessarily an indicator of (good) linguistic quality?; 3) does the lack of a prescriptive grammar implantation necessarily imply poor linguistic quality?; 4) may one speakof (good) linguistic quality when rules are violated, if they are violated by transgression?, and may one speak of (good) linguistic quality when rules are violated, if they are violated out of ignorance? Our final proposals are as follows: 1) given the structural characteristics and social functions of the standard variety, prescriptive grammar implantation is synonymous with linguistic and sociolinguistic quality in such variety; 2) in non-standard varieties, prescriptive grammar implantation is not necessarily an indicator of linguistic quality; 3) in non-standard varieties, the lack of prescriptive grammar implantation does not necessarily imply poor linguistic quality: the limits, however, would be genuineness and grammaticality; 4) linguistic quality may still be spoken of when the rules are violated, whether by transgression or out of ignorance: the limits, however, would be genuineness and grammaticality. The following may be noted with respect to these proposals: 1) to arrive at these proposals, we discussed the concepts relevant to the argument in order to answer the questions, formulating them in general but applying them to Catalan; 2) based on the definition of these concepts, we sought to refute the affirmative hypotheses corresponding to the four questions.
- Published
- 2023
43. 'Rak, pa ne tisti potočni'
- Author
-
Jelovšek, Alenka
- Subjects
srbohrvatizmi ,Serbo-Croatian language ,udc:811.163.6'373.45:811.163.4:929Toporišič J ,Serbo-croatisms ,purism ,purizem ,slovenščina ,Slovenian language ,Jože Toporišič ,srbohrvaščina - Abstract
V prispevku je predstavljen Toporišičev odnos do t. i. srbohrvatizmov (izrazov, ki so bili v slovenščino prevzeti iz južnoslovanskih jezikov ali prek njih), kot se kaže neposredno v njegovih jezikovnih kotičkih in delovanju v okviru Jezikovnega razsodišča, posredno pa tudi prek učbenikov in jezikovnozgodovinskih razprav, v tem okviru pa tudi na njegov odnos do srbohrvaščine in do jezikovnega prevzemanja nasploh. The article presents the attitude of Slovene linguist Jože Toporišič toward "Serbo-Croatisms", i.e. loanwords from South Slavic languages, based on his language consulting articles, articles that he published as a member of the "Language Tribunal" and also in his textbooks and language history papers.
- Published
- 2023
44. The perspectives of purism in the Croatian context
- Author
-
Igor Ivašković
- Subjects
purism ,sociolinguistics ,Croatian language ,linguistics ,udc:81 ,sociolinguistics, purism, Croatian language ,foreign languages - Abstract
The perspectives of purism in the Croatian context The article explores the problem of purism and the criteria for identification of purist interventions that usually occur after changes of political systems. From a theoretical point of view, the article analyzes the definition of purism and discusses the dilemma regarding the existence of a neutral period from the aspect of purism. In that context, it tries to explain why some Croatian linguists denote only some parts of Croatian history as purist. In the first part, the author identifies the problem of the definition of purism and the methodological problems of its observation, while in the second part the article offers a brief comparative overview of perspectives on the need for intervention in the Croatian language in the period 1918 - 1990. The author argues that purism should be assessed according to the degree and methods of removing undesired words from usage, and concludes that partial historical analyses will always result in finding that a particular regime pursued the policy of purism. Therefore, future studies of purism should include elements of comparison and criteria for the evaluation of the policy aggressiveness and of the ideology behind it. Without the latter, linguistic debates on purism, although not intended to qualify certain political regimes, remain primarily indicators of their authors’ political preferences., The article explores the problem of purism and the criteria for identification of purist interventions that usually occur after changes of political systems. From a theoretical point of view, the article analyzes the definition of purism and discusses the dilemma regarding the existence of a neutral period from the aspect of purism. In that context, it tries to explain why some Croatian linguists denote only some parts of Croatian history as purist. In the first part, the author identifies the problem of the definition of purism and the methodological problems of its observation, while in the second part the article offers a brief comparative overview of perspectives on the need for intervention in the Croatian language in the period 1918 - 1990. The author argues that purism should be assessed according to the degree and methods of removing undesired words from usage, and concludes that partial historical analyses will always result in finding that a particular regime pursued the policy of purism. Therefore, future studies of purism should include elements of comparison and criteria for the evaluation of the policy aggressiveness and of the ideology behind it. Without the latter, linguistic debates on purism, although not intended to qualify certain political regimes, remain primarily indicators of their authors’ political preferences.
- Published
- 2023
45. The ideology of bourgeois nationalism and standard Slovak
- Author
-
Gabriela Múcsková
- Subjects
Slovak language ,Czech language ,language contact ,language planning ,purism ,Slavic languages. Baltic languages. Albanian languages ,PG1-9665 - Abstract
The development of the Slovak standard language in its modern history (the 20th century) is accompanied with polemics and alternation of purist and assimilation efforts conditioned by language planning in the range of political ideology. The efforts are primarily focused on Czech language influence on Slovak and they are manifested in an acceptance and support of the Czech influence on one hand and the prescriptive delimitation of the Slovak language on the other hand. The paper focuses on the period of the 1950’s and 1960’s, which is characterised by two opposite approaches: 1) a conscious and politically supported convergence of Slovak and Czech in the end of the 1950’s and beginning of the 1960’s and a refusing of any kind of purism in regulation of the language development, and 2) a rise of purist approaches and efforts to protect the Slovak standard language from Czech interferences in the middle of the 1960’s. A corpus planning discourse of this period, which is analysed in this article, reflects the interconnection between political ideology and language regulation and it represents an exclusive source for sociolinguistic investigation.
- Published
- 2017
46. Poręczne obrazy, wymowne przedmioty. Retoryka rzeczowości w „L'Esprit Nouveau' Ozenfanta i Le Corbusiera
- Author
-
Agnieszka Rejniak-Majewska
- Subjects
reproduction ,photography ,avant-garde periodicals ,wandering images ,purism ,Le Corbusier ,History of the arts ,NX440-632 ,Visual arts ,N1-9211 - Abstract
The paper is an attempt to draw the reader’s attention to visual reproduction as an element of modern artistic discourses and a medium of the mediated reception of art. An instrumental approach to reproduction as a neutral and ancillary vehicle of meaning, prevalent in the age of modernism, corresponded to the belief in its information efficacy and ability to overcome material, physical limitations. What mattered most were not the material, physical aspects of the existence and circulation of images, even though the avant-garde artists of the 1920s, using contemporary technology, were aware how important the medium’s and its distribution range’s “impact” was. L’Esprit Nouveau, a periodical edited in 1920-1925 by Amédée Ozenfant and Le Corbusier, was an example of a successful avant-garde strategy which let both editors, marginal in the field of art, achieve the status of “leaders” of the modernist movement, recognized or at least carefully watched by artists and critics abroad. Next to other factors, important was the visual aspect of the magazine, praised for many impressive, modern illustrations, often reproduced in other avant-garde publications. The author analyzes visual resources used and reproduced in L’Esprit Nouveau, referring to the postulates of “objectivism” and “thingness”, endorsed by the periodical, and considering the part that “ready-made” images, found in the daily press and commercial catalogues as well as on postcards. played in Le Corbusier’s polemical and programmatic texts. Their strongly persuasive message was often rooted in montage and quotations which stressed its heterogeneity. In terms of composition and aesthetics, the reproduced images supported the aesthetics of transparency, order, and thingness, so characteristic of L’Esprit Nouveau. The emblems of modernity emerged from the movement of anonymous images which acquired the value of symbols. Ozenfant’s and Le Corbusier’s use of images borrowed from popular culture, as well as from albums and art books, makes one consider not only their rhetorical effectiveness, but also their role in the creative process and thinking. In Le Corbusier’s artistic practice, those easily available, miniaturized images were a common instrument enhancing his visual, aesthetic approach. Such an approach, according to Georg Simmel, seems to be characteristic of the modernist attitude to the material world that consisted in subjective distance combined with the apparently opposite desire to “go back to things” by making them more concrete and closer to the senses.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. From private to public : Le Corbusier and the House-Palace, 1926-1928
- Author
-
Poole, Cynthia Ann
- Subjects
720 ,Purism ,Palace of Nations - Published
- 1997
48. PRIHVATLJIVOST PREVEDENICA KAO ZAMJENA ZA ANGLIZME.
- Author
-
Patekar, Jakob
- Subjects
CROATIAN language ,DIGITAL media ,LANGUAGE policy ,CROATS ,COMPUTER surveys ,INTERNET forums - Abstract
Copyright of Fluminensia is the property of Fluminensia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. PRAGMATIC ENCROACHMENT AND CONTEXT EXTERNALISM.
- Author
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COSS, David
- Subjects
ANTI-intellectualism ,BELIEF & doubt ,ARGUMENT ,BRAIN - Abstract
Pragmatic Encroachment (PE hereafter), sometimes called 'antiintellectualism,' is a denial of epistemic purism. Purism is the view that only traditional, truth-relevant, epistemic factors determine whether a true belief is an instance of knowledge. According to anti-intellectualists, two subjects S and S*, could be in the same epistemic position with regards to puristic epistemic factors, but S might know that p while S* doesn't if less is at stake for S than for S*. Motivations for rejecting purism take two forms: case-based and principle-based arguments. In considering both approaches, I argue that PE is best viewed as externalist about epistemic contexts. That is to say, I claim that what determines a subject's epistemic context is external to her mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Disquisiciones en torno al portunhol selvagem. Del horror de los profesores a una 'lengua pura'
- Author
-
Jorge J. Locane
- Subjects
portunhol selvagem ,frontera ,lengua ,purismo ,heterotopía ,border ,language ,purism ,heterotopia ,Literature (General) ,PN1-6790 - Abstract
Los Estados-nación latinoamericanos fueron fundados por las élites criollas a partir de una ideología monolingüe que debía organizar también las literaturas nacionales. Frente a este principio, recientemente han comenzado a ganar visibilidad literaturas producidas en zonas de tránsito cultural y lingüístico que cuestionan aquellos órdenes de cuño colonial. Este estudio destaca la importancia de la literatura elaborada en la frontera entre Brasil, Uruguay, Argentina y Paraguay, y pone en evidencia cómo su emergencia, al haber provocado la reacción de voceros de agencias normativas, no deja de problematizar intereses culturales y comerciales. Latin American nation states were founded by creole elites based on a monolingual ideology that should also organize national literatures. In opposition to this principle, literatures produced in areas of cultural and linguistic transit have recently begun to gain visibility questioning those colonial orders. This study highlights the importance of literature produced on the border between Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina and Paraguay and demonstrates how its emergence, having caused the regulatory agencies spokesmen’s reaction, problematizes cultural and commercial interests.
- Published
- 2015
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