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The authors consider one of the most relevant issues of the present-day urban planning, the issue of preservation of the historic environment, the architectural and urban planning space of the megalopolis in the context of the accelerated pace of urbanization, expansion of the capital in the course of its implementation. The authors argue that the problem considered in the paper is not easy to tackle. The point is that the need to preserve historic built-up areas is hardly reconcilable with the need to upgrade the urban infrastructure. A social conflict is inevitable in this context. The authors track development of this social conflict from the sixties of the 20ieth century and through the present time and provide their resolutions to this contradiction.

The author considers architectural planning solutions taking account of the needs of low mobile citizens in the present-day cities and towns. The author argues that the most important property of any urban environment consists in its environmental friendliness in respect of various groups and categories of the urban population. Identification of low mobile groups as a special category of the urban population must never cause their isolation.

The authors addressed matters related to import substitution, which are widely discussed in the crisis period on different levels of economic management. The interrelation of import substitu-tion and solution of one of the main tasks of Rus-sian economy - diversification - is pointed out. The authors made an attempt to disperse some stereo-types, which were formed in mass consciousness concerning substitution of import ware. Patriotism is considered as one of the factors of consumer behavior.

This paper is devoted to the models of future cities and evaluating their suitability in terms of biosphere compatible human environment. The following two models of cities are analyzed: technopolis (techno-park) and ecocity (garden city). Ecological aspects of the urban life are considered. The author demonstrates how the solutions based on the biosphere-compatible urban planning can serve to optimize the development of the cities. In the first part of the article the examples illustrating the history of urban planning are presented; in particular, Thomas More’s political project for future is considered, as well as New Atlantida of F. Bacon and Tommaso Campanella’s tractate “Città del Sole”. Then the author touches upon the key signs of technopolis and ecocity (Garden City).

This paper reviews the current state of transport organization for people with limited mobility. The article evaluates the results of the actions the executive authorities of Moscow and Moscow Region take. Barrier-free space organization for disabled people and parents with prams is given a special attention. The lack of strategy in the sphere leads to considerable difficulties for people with limited ability. This problem should be solved in cooperation with the survey of other peoples' needs. The article gives examples of comfortable urban space in Sochi, Moscow, Chita, Mytishchi and analyses the ways urbanism influences people with limited abilities.