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7. Organ iron accumulation in chronically transfused children with sickle cell anaemia: baseline results from the TWiTCH trial

Author

Wood, John C., Cohen, Alan R., Pressel, Sara L., Aygun, Banu, Imran, Hamayun, Luchtman-Jones, Lori, Thompson, Alexis A., Fuh, Beng, Schultz, William H., Davis, Barry R., Ware, Russell E., George, Alex, Mueller, Brigitta U, Heeney, Matthew M., Kalfa, Theodosia A., Nelson, Stephen, Brown, Clark R, Gee, Beatrice, Kwiatkowski, Janet L., Smith-Whitley, Kim, Odame, Isaac, Webb, Jennifer, Yang, Elizabeth, Lee, Margaret T., Piccone, Connie, Jackson, Sherron M., Singh, Sharon, Nottage, Kerri, Hankins, Jane S., Miller, Scott T., Hilliard, Lee, Alvarez, Ofelia, Rhodes, Melissa, Rogers, Zora R., Sarnaik, Sharada A., Owen, William C., Gauger, Cynthia, Roberts, Carla, and Rothman, Jennifer A.

Published
2016
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8. Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials

Author

Sattar, Naveed, Preiss, David, Murray, Heather M, Welsh, Paul, Buckley, Brendan M, de Craen, Anton JM, Seshasai, Sreenivasa Rao Kondapally, McMurray, John J, Freeman, Dilys J, Jukema, J Wouter, Macfarlane, Peter W, Packard, Chris J, Stott, David J, Westendorp, Rudi G, Shepherd, James, Davis, Barry R, Pressel, Sara L, Marchioli, Roberto, Marfisi, Rosa Maria, Maggioni, Aldo P, Tavazzi, Luigi, Tognoni, Gianni, Kjekshus, John, Pedersen, Terje R, Cook, Thomas J, Gotto, Antonio M, Clearfield, Michael B, Downs, John R, Nakamura, Haruo, Ohashi, Yasuo, Mizuno, Kyoichi, Ray, Kausik K, and Ford, Ian

Published
2010
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9. Progression of Kidney Disease in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic, Hypertensive Patients Randomized to Pravastatin Versus Usual Care: A Report From the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Author

Rahman, Mahboob, Baimbridge, Charles, Davis, Barry R., Barzilay, Joshua, Basile, Jan N., Henriquez, Mario A., Huml, Anne, Kopyt, Nelson, Louis, Gail T., Pressel, Sara L., Rosendorff, Clive, Sastrasinh, Sithiporn, and Stanford, Carol

Published
2008
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17. Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration: individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies

Author

Pennells, Lisa, Kaptoge, Stephen, Wood, Angela, Sweeting, Mike, Zhao, Xiaohui, White, Ian, Burgess, Stephen, Willeit, Peter, Bolton, Thomas, Moons, Karel G M, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Selmer, Randi, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Assmann, Gerd, Amouyel, Philippe, Salomaa, Veikko, Kivimaki, Mika, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Blaha, Michael J, Kuller, Lewis H, Brenner, Hermann, Gillum, Richard F, Meisinger, Christa, Ford, Ian, Knuiman, Matthew W, Rosengren, Annika, Lawlor, Debbie A, Völzke, Henry, Cooper, Cyrus, Marín Ibañez, Alejandro, Casiglia, Edoardo, Kauhanen, Jussi, Cooper, Jackie A, Rodriguez, Beatriz, Sundström, Johan, Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth, Dankner, Rachel, Nietert, Paul J, Davidson, Karina W, Wallace, Robert B, Blazer, Dan G, Björkelund, Cecilia, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Krumholz, Harlan M, Nissinen, Aulikki, Davis, Barry R, Coady, Sean, Whincup, Peter H, Jørgensen, Torben, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Trevisan, Maurizio, Engström, Gunnar, Crespo, Carlos J, Meade, Tom W, Visser, Marjolein, Kromhout, Daan, Kiechl, Stefan, Daimon, Makoto, Price, Jackie F, Gómez de la Cámara, Agustin, Wouter Jukema, J, Lamarche, Benoît, Onat, Altan, Simons, Leon A, Kavousi, Maryam, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, Gallacher, John, Dekker, Jacqueline M, Arima, Hisatomi, Shara, Nawar, Tipping, Robert W, Roussel, Ronan, Brunner, Eric J, Koenig, Wolfgang, Sakurai, Masaru, Pavlovic, Jelena, Gansevoort, Ron T, Nagel, Dorothea, Goldbourt, Uri, Barr, Elizabeth L M, Palmieri, Luigi, Njølstad, Inger, Sato, Shinichi, Monique Verschuren, W M, Varghese, Cherian V, Graham, Ian, Onuma, Oyere, Greenland, Philip, Woodward, Mark, Ezzati, Majid, Psaty, Bruce M, Sattar, Naveed, Jackson, Rod, Ridker, Paul M, Cook, Nancy R, D'Agostino, Ralph B, Thompson, Simon G, Danesh, John, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Simpson, Lara M, Pressel, Sara L, Couper, David J, Nambi, Vijay, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Folsom, Aaron R, Shaw, Jonathan E, Magliano, Dianna J, Zimmet, Paul Z, Wannamethee, S Goya, Willeit, Johann, Santer, Peter, Egger, Georg, Casas, Juan Pablo, Amuzu, Antointtte, Tikhonoff, Valérie, Sutherland, Susan E, Cushman, Mary, Søgaard, Anne Johanne, Håheim, Lise Lund, Ariansen, Inger, Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne, Jensen, Gorm B, Schnohr, Peter, Giampaoli, Simona, Vanuzzo, Diego, Panico, Salvatore, Balkau, Beverley, Bonnet, Fabrice, Marre, Michel, de la Cámara, Agustin Gómez, Rubio Herrera, Miguel Angel, Friedlander, Yechiel, McCallum, John, McLachlan, Stela, Guralnik, Jack, Phillips, Caroline L, Wareham, Nick, Schöttker, Ben, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Holleczek, Bernd, Tolonen, Hanna, Vartiainen, Erkki, Jousilahti, Pekka, Harald, Kennet, D’Agostino, Ralph B, Massaro, Joseph M, Pencina, Michael, Vasan, Ramachandran, Kayama, Takamasa, Kato, Takeo, Oizumi, Toshihide, Jespersen, Jørgen, Møller, Lars, Bladbjerg, Else Marie, Chetrit, A, Wilhelmsen, Lars, Lissner, Lauren, Dennison, Elaine, Kiyohara, Yutaka, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Doi, Yasufumi, Nijpels, Giel, Stehouwer, Coen D A, Kazumasa, Yamagishi, Iso, Hiroyasu, Kurl, Sudhir, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Salonen, Jukka T, Deeg, Dorly J H, Nilsson, Peter M, Hedblad, Bo, Melander, Olle, De Boer, Ian H, DeFilippis, Andrew Paul, Verschuren, W M Monique, Watt, Graham, Tverdal, Aage, Kirkland, Susan, Shimbo, Daichi, Shaffer, Jonathan, Bakker, Stephan J L, van der Harst, Pim, Hillege, Hans L, Dallongeville, Jean, Schulte, Helmut, Trompet, Stella, Smit, Roelof A J, Stott, David J, Després, Jean-Pierre, Cantin, Bernard, Dagenais, Gilles R, Laughlin, Gail, Wingard, Deborah, Aspelund, Thor, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Gudmundsson, Elias Freyr, Ikram, Arfan, van Rooij, Frank J A, Franco, Oscar H, Rueda-Ochoa, Oscar L, Muka, Taulant, Glisic, Marija, Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh, Howard, Barbara V, Zhang, Ying, Jolly, Stacey, Davey-Smith, George, Can, Günay, Yüksel, Hüsniye, Nakagawa, Hideaki, Morikawa, Yuko, Miura, Katsuyuki, Ingelsson, Martin, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Gaziano, J Michael, Shipley, Martin, Arndt, Volker, Cook, Nancy, Ibañez, Alejandro Marín, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Epidemiology, Læknadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Medicine (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland, Pennells, Lisa [0000-0002-8594-3061], Kaptoge, Stephen [0000-0002-1155-4872], Wood, Angela [0000-0002-7937-304X], Sweeting, Michael [0000-0003-0980-8965], Zhao, Xiaohui [0000-0001-9922-2815], Burgess, Stephen [0000-0001-5365-8760], Danesh, John [0000-0003-1158-6791], Di Angelantonio, Emanuele [0000-0001-8776-6719], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Nutrition and Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Societal Participation & Health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, Internal medicine, Epidemiology and Data Science, İÜC, Lisa, Pennell, Stephen, Kaptoge, Angela, Wood, Mike, Sweeting, Xiaohui, Zhao, Ian, White, Stephen, Burge, Peter, Willeit, Thomas, Bolton, Karel G M, Moon, Yvonne T, van der Schouw, Randi, Selmer, Kay-Tee, Khaw, Vilmundur, Gudnason, Gerd, Assmann, Philippe, Amouyel, Veikko, Salomaa, Mika, Kivimaki, Børge G, Nordestgaard, Michael J, Blaha, Lewis H, Kuller, Hermann, Brenner, Richard F, Gillum, Christa, Meisinger, Ian, Ford, Matthew W, Knuiman, Annika, Rosengren, Debbie A, Lawlor, Henry, Völzke, Cyrus, Cooper, Alejandro, Marín Ibañez, Edoardo, Casiglia, Jussi, Kauhanen, Jackie A, Cooper, Beatriz, Rodriguez, Johan, Sundström, Elizabeth, Barrett-Connor, Rachel, Dankner, Paul J, Nietert, Karina W, Davidson, Robert B, Wallace, Dan G, Blazer, Cecilia, Björkelund, Chiara, Donfrancesco, Harlan M, Krumholz, Aulikki, Nissinen, Barry R, Davi, Sean, Coady, Peter H, Whincup, Torben, Jørgensen, Pierre, Ducimetiere, Maurizio, Trevisan, Gunnar, Engström, Carlos J, Crespo, Tom W, Meade, Marjolein, Visser, Daan, Kromhout, Stefan, Kiechl, Makoto, Daimon, Jackie F, Price, Agustin, Gómez de la Cámara, J, Wouter Jukema, Benoît, Lamarche, Altan, Onat, Leon A, Simon, Maryam, Kavousi, Yoav, Ben-Shlomo, John, Gallacher, Jacqueline M, Dekker, Hisatomi, Arima, Nawar, Shara, Robert W, Tipping, Ronan, Roussel, Eric J, Brunner, Wolfgang, Koenig, Masaru, Sakurai, Jelena, Pavlovic, Ron T, Gansevoort, Dorothea, Nagel, Uri, Goldbourt, Elizabeth L M, Barr, Luigi, Palmieri, Inger, Njølstad, Shinichi, Sato, W M, Monique Verschuren, Cherian V, Varghese, Ian, Graham, Oyere, Onuma, Philip, Greenland, Mark, Woodward, Majid, Ezzati, Bruce M, Psaty, Sattar, W Tipping, Naveerobert, M Simpson, Lara, L Pressel, Sara, J Couper, David, Nambi, Vijay, Matsushita, Kunihiro, R Folsom, Aaron, E Shaw, Jonathan, J Magliano, Dianna, Z Zimmet, Paul, W Knuiman, Matthew, H Whincup, Peter, Goya Wannamethee, S, Willeit, Johann, Santer, Peter, Egger, Georg, Pablo Casas, Juan, Amuzu, Antoinette, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, Gallacher, John, Tikhonoff, Valérie, Casiglia, Edoardo, E Sutherland, Susan, J Nietert, Paul, Cushman, Mary, M Psaty, Bruce, Johanne Søgaard, Anne, Lund Håheim, Lise, Ariansen, Inger, Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne, B Jensen, Gorm, Schnohr, Peter, Giampaoli, Simona, Vanuzzo, Diego, Panico, Salvatore, Palmieri, Luigi, Balkau, Beverley, Bonnet, Fabrice, Marre, Michel, Gómez de la Cámara, Agustin, Angel Rubio Herrera, Miguel, Friedlander, Yechiel, Mccallum, John, Mclachlan, Stela, Guralnik, Jack, L Phillips, Caroline, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Schöttker, Ben, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Holleczek, Bernd, Nissinen, Aulikki, Tolonen, Hanna, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Vartiainen, Erkki, Jousilahti, Pekka, Harald, Kennet, B D’Agostino, Ralph, M Massaro, Joseph, Pencina, Michael, Vasan, Ramachandran, Kayama, Takamasa, Kato, Takeo, Oizumi, Toshihide, Jespersen, Jørgen, Møller, Lar, Marie Bladbjerg, Else, Chetrit, A, Rosengren, Annika, Wilhelmsen, Lar, Björkelund, Cecilia, Lissner, Lauren, Nagel, Dorothea, Dennison, Elaine, Kiyohara, Yutaka, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Doi, Yasufumi, Rodriguez, Beatriz, Nijpels, Giel, A Stehouwer, Coen D, Sato, Shinichi, Kazumasa, Yamagishi, Iso, Hiroyasu, Goldbourt, Uri, Salomaa, Veikko, Kurl, Sudhir, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, T Salonen, Jukka, Visser, Marjolein, H Deeg, Dorly J, W Meade, Tom, M Nilsson, Peter, Hedblad, Bo, Melander, Olle, H De Boer, Ian, Paul DeFilippis, Andrew, M Monique Verschuren, W, Sattar, Naveed, Watt, Graham, Meisinger, Christa, Koenig, Wolfgang, H Kuller, Lewi, Tverdal, Aage, F Gillum, Richard, A Cooper, Jackie, Kirkland, Susan, Shimbo, Daichi, Shaffer, Jonathan, Ducimetiere, Pierre, L Bakker, Stephan J, van der Harst, Pim, L Hillege, Han, J Crespo, Carlo, Amouyel, Philippe, Dallongeville, Jean, Assmann, Gerd, Schulte, Helmut, Trompet, Stella, J Smit, Roelof A, J Stott, David, T van der Schouw, Yvonne, Després, Jean-Pierre, Cantin, Bernard, R Dagenais, Gille, Laughlin, Gail, Wingard, Deborah, Trevisan, Maurizio, Aspelund, Thor, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Freyr Gudmundsson, Elia, Ikram, Arfan, A van Rooij, Frank J, H Franco, Oscar, L Rueda-Ochoa, Oscar, Muka, Taulant, Glisic, Marija, Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh, Völzke, Henry, V Howard, Barbara, Zhang, Ying, Jolly, Stacey, Davey-Smith, George, Can, Günay, Yüksel, Hüsniye, Nakagawa, Hideaki, Morikawa, Yuko, Miura, Katsuyuki, Njølstad, Inger, Ingelsson, Martin, Giedraitis, Vilmanta, M Ridker, Paul, Michael Gaziano, J, Kivimaki, Mika, Shipley, Martin, J Brunner, Eric, Arndt, Volker, Brenner, Hermann, Cook, Nancy, Ford, Ian, Marín Ibañez, Alejandro, M Geleijnsed, Johanna, Rod, Jackson, Paul M, Ridker, Nancy R, Cook, Ralph B, D'Agostino, Simon G, Thompson, John, Danesh, and Emanuele, Di Angelantonio

Subjects
Male, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Nutrition and Disease, Prevention and Epidemiology, PREDICTION, Áhættuþættir, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, GUIDELINES, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Voeding en Ziekte, FRAMINGHAM, Discrimination, Medicine, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, Blóðrásarsjúkdómar, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Non-U.S. Gov't, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, CALIBRATION, Kardiologi, Framingham Risk Score, Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, SCORES, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Incidence (epidemiology), Middle Aged, Cardiovascular disease, Justice and Strong Institutions, Risk prediction, ddc, 3. Good health, Cardiovascular Diseases, Meta-analysis, Cohort, Calibration, Female, Risk assessment, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Algorithm, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Algorithms, SDG 16 - Peace, Risk algorithms, DISEASE PREVENTION, Research Support, Risk Assessment, VALIDATION, 03 medical and health sciences, Clinical Research, Journal Article, Humans, ddc:610, Risk factor, VLAG, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, 030229 sport sciences, R1, STATIN USE, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, business, PRIMARY PREVENTION, TASK-FORCE
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Aims: There is debate about the optimum algorithm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation. We conducted head-to-head comparisons of four algorithms recommended by primary prevention guidelines, before and after 'recalibration', a method that adapts risk algorithms to take account of differences in the risk characteristics of the populations being studied. Methods and results: Using individual-participant data on 360 737 participants without CVD at baseline in 86 prospective studies from 22 countries, we compared the Framingham risk score (FRS), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), pooled cohort equations (PCE), and Reynolds risk score (RRS). We calculated measures of risk discrimination and calibration, and modelled clinical implications of initiating statin therapy in people judged to be at 'high' 10 year CVD risk. Original risk algorithms were recalibrated using the risk factor profile and CVD incidence of target populations. The four algorithms had similar risk discrimination. Before recalibration, FRS, SCORE, and PCE over-predicted CVD risk on average by 10%, 52%, and 41%, respectively, whereas RRS under-predicted by 10%. Original versions of algorithms classified 29-39% of individuals aged ≥40 years as high risk. By contrast, recalibration reduced this proportion to 22-24% for every algorithm. We estimated that to prevent one CVD event, it would be necessary to initiate statin therapy in 44-51 such individuals using original algorithms, in contrast to 37-39 individuals with recalibrated algorithms. Conclusion: Before recalibration, the clinical performance of four widely used CVD risk algorithms varied substantially. By contrast, simple recalibration nearly equalized their performance and improved modelled targeting of preventive action to clinical need., The work of the co-ordinating centre was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (G0800270), British Heart Foundation (SP/09/ 002), British Heart Foundation Cambridge Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence, UK National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, European Research Council (268834), and European Commission Framework Programme 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012-279233). The Emerging Risk Factor Collaboration’s website https://www.phpc.cam.ac.uk/ceu/erfc/list-of-studies/ has compiled a list provided by investigators of some of the funders of the component studies in this analysis. I.W. was supported by the Medical Research Council Unit Programme MC_UU_12023/21. M.K. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Veni grant (Veni, 91616079). J.P. is supported by Erasmus Mundus Western Balkans (ERAWEB), a project funded by the European Commission.

Published
2019

21. Effect of diuretic-based antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in older diabetic patients with isolated systolic hypertension

Author

Curb, J. David, Pressel, Sara L., Cutler, Jeffrey A., Savage, Peter J., Applegate, William B., Black, Henry, Camel, Greta, Davis, Barry R., Frost, Philip H., Gonzalez, Nelly, Guthrie, Gordon, Oberman, Albert, Rutan, Gail H., and Stamler, Jeremiah

Subjects
Hypertension -- Drug therapy, Chlorthalidone -- Evaluation, Diabetics -- Care and treatment, Heart attack -- Prevention, Stroke (Disease) -- Prevention
Abstract

Treatment of hypertension with low doses of the diuretic chlorthalidone may significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. This was demonstrated in the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP), in which 583 patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension and 4,149 non-diabetic patients with hypertension were allocated to low doses of chlorthalidone or placebo. Chlorthalidone reduced the 5-year rate of major cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke by one-third in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients when compared to placebo., Objective.--To assess the effect of low-dose, diuretic-based antihypertensive treatment on major cardiovascular disease (CVD) event rates in older, non-insulin-treated diabetic patients with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), compared with nondiabetic patients. Design.--Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial: the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). Setting,--Multiple clinical and support centers in the United States. Participants.--A total of 4736 men and women aged 60 years and older at baseline with ISH (systolic blood pressure [BP], [greater than or equal to] 160 mm Hg; diastolic BP, Intervention.--The active treatment group received a low dose of chlorthalidone (12.5-25.0 mg/d) with a step-up to atenolol (25.0-50.0 mg/d) or reserpine (0.05-0.10 mg/d) if needed. The placebo group received placebo and any active antihypertensive drugs prescribed by patient's private physician for persistently high BP. Main Outcome Measures.--The 5-year rates of major CVD events, nonfatal plus fatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD), major CHD events, and all-cause mortality. Results.--The SHEP antihypertensive drug regimen lowered BP of both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, with few adverse effects. For both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, all outcome rates were lower for participants randomized to the active treatment group than for those randomized to the placebo group. Thus, 5-year major CVD rate was lower by 34% for active treatment compared with placebo, both for diabetic patients (95% confidence interval [CI], 6%-54%) and nondiabetic patients (95% CI, 21%-45%). Absolute risk reduction with active treatment compared with placebo was twice as great for diabetic vs nondiabetic patients (101/1000 vs 51/1000 randomized participants at the 5-year follow-up), reflecting the higher risk of diabetic patients. Conclusion.--Low-dose diuretic-based (chlorthalidone) treatment is effective in preventing major CVD events, cerebral and cardiac, in both non-insulin-treated diabetic and nondiabetic older patients with ISH. JAMA. 1996;276:1886-1892

Published
1996

22. Prediction of individual life-years gained without cardiovascular events from lipid, blood pressure, glucose, and aspirin treatment based on data of more than 500 000 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author

Berkelmans, Gijs F N, primary, Gudbjörnsdottir, Soffia, additional, Visseren, Frank L J, additional, Wild, Sarah H, additional, Franzen, Stefan, additional, Chalmers, John, additional, Davis, Barry R, additional, Poulter, Neil R, additional, Spijkerman, Annemieke M, additional, Woodward, Mark, additional, Pressel, Sara L, additional, Gupta, Ajay K, additional, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, additional, Svensson, Ann-Marie, additional, van der Graaf, Yolanda, additional, Read, Stephanie H, additional, Eliasson, Bjorn, additional, and Dorresteijn, Jannick A N, additional

Published
2019
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23. Influence of Long-term, Low-Dose, Diuretic-Based, Antihypertensive Therapy on Glucose, Lipid, Uric Acid, and Potassium Levels in Older Men and Women With Isolated Systolic Hypertension: The Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program

Author

Savage, Peter J., Pressel, Sara L., Curb, J. David, Schron, Eleanor B., Applegate, William B., Black, Henry R., Cohen, Jerome, Davis, Barry R., Frost, Philip, Smith, W., Gonzalez, Nelly, Guthrie, Gordon P., Oberman, Albert, Rutan, Gale, Probstfield, Jeffrey L., and Stamler, Jeremiah

Published
1998

26. Development and validation of a model to predict absolute vascular risk reduction by moderate-intensity statin therapy in individual patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author

Kaasenbrood, Lotte, Poulter, Neil R., Sever, Peter S., Colhoun, Helen M., Livingstone, Shona J., Boekholdt, S. Matthijs, Pressel, Sara L., Davis, Barry R., Van Der Graaf, Yolanda, and Visseren, Frank L J

Subjects
precision medicine, diabetes mellitus, treatment outcome, Journal Article, decision making shared, statins HMG-CoA, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, cardiovascular diseases
Abstract

Background - In this study, we aimed to translate the average relative effect of statin therapy from trial data to the individual patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus by developing and validating a model to predict individualized absolute risk reductions (ARR) of cardiovascular events. Methods and Results - Data of 2725 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from the Lipid Lowering Arm of the Anglo Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT-LLA) study (atorvastatin 10 mg versus placebo) were used for model derivation. The model was based on 8 clinical predictors including treatment allocation (statin/placebo). Ten-year individualized ARR on major cardiovascular events by statin therapy were calculated for each patient by subtracting the estimated on-treatment risk from the estimated off-treatment risk. Predicted 10-year ARR by statin therapy was 4% (median ARR, 3.2%; interquartile range, 2.5%-4.3%; 95% confidence interval for 3.2% ARR, -1.4% to 6.8%). Addition of treatment interactions did not improve model performance. Therefore, the wide distribution in ARR was a consequence of the underlying distribution in cardiovascular risk enrolled in these trials. External validation of the model was performed in data from the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT; pravastatin 40 mg versus usual care) and Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS; atorvastatin 10 mg versus placebo) of 3878 and 2838 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, respectively. Model calibration was adequate in both external data sets, discrimination was moderate (ALLHAT-LLT: c-statistics, 0.64 [95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.67] and CARDS: 0.68 [95% confidence interval, 0.64-0.72]). Conclusions - ARRs of major cardiovascular events by statin therapy can be accurately estimated for individual patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a model based on routinely available patient characteristics. There is a wide distribution in ARR that may complement informed decision making. Clinical Trial Registration - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00327418 (CARDS) and NCT00000542 (ALLHAT).

Published
2016

27. Heterogeneity in Early Responses in ALLHAT (Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial)

Author

Dhruva, Sanket S., primary, Huang, Chenxi, additional, Spatz, Erica S., additional, Coppi, Andreas C., additional, Warner, Frederick, additional, Li, Shu-Xia, additional, Lin, Haiqun, additional, Xu, Xiao, additional, Furberg, Curt D., additional, Davis, Barry R., additional, Pressel, Sara L., additional, Coifman, Ronald R., additional, and Krumholz, Harlan M., additional

Published
2017
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29. Association between chronic kidney disease and cancer mortality: A report from the ALLHAT

Author

Chen, Dhruti P., primary, Davis, Barry R., additional, Simpson, Lara M., additional, Cushman, William C., additional, Cutler, Jeffrey A., additional, Dobre, Mirela, additional, Ford, Charles E., additional, Louis, Gail T., additional, Muntner, Paul, additional, Oparil, Suzanne, additional, Piller, Linda B., additional, Pressel, Sara L., additional, Sarnak, Mark J., additional, Whelton, Paul K., additional, Wright, Jackson T., additional, and Rahman, Mahboob, additional

Published
2017
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30. Iron Unloading By Therapeutic Phlebotomy in Previously Transfused Children with Sickle Cell Anemia: The Twitch Experience

Author

Aygun, Banu, primary, Mortier, Nicole, additional, Rogers, Zora R., additional, Owen, William, additional, Fuh, Beng, additional, George, Alex, additional, Kalfa, Theodosia A., additional, Kwiatkowski, Janet, additional, Lee, Margaret, additional, Imran, Hamayun, additional, Miller, Scott T., additional, Wood, John C, additional, Cohen, Alan R., additional, Pressel, Sara L, additional, and Ware, Russell E., additional

Published
2016
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31. TCD with Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (TWiTCH): Hydroxyurea Therapy As an Alternative to Transfusions for Primary Stroke Prevention in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia

Author

Ware, Russell E., primary, Davis, Barry R, additional, Schultz, William H, additional, Brown, Clark, additional, Aygun, Banu, additional, Sarnaik, Sharada A., additional, Odame, Isaac, additional, Fuh, Beng, additional, George, Alex, additional, Owen, William, additional, Luchtman-Jones, Lori, additional, Rogers, Zora R., additional, Hilliard, Lee, additional, Gauger, Cynthia, additional, Piccone, Connie M., additional, Lee, Margaret T., additional, Kwiatkowski, Janet, additional, Jackson, Sherron, additional, Miller, Scott T., additional, Roberts, Carla W, additional, Heeney, Matthew M., additional, Kalfa, Theodosia A., additional, Nelson, Stephen C, additional, Imran, Hamayun, additional, Nottage, Kerri A, additional, Alvarez, Ofelia A., additional, Rhodes, Melissa, additional, Thompson, Alexis A., additional, Rothman, Jennifer, additional, Helton, Kathleen J., additional, Roberts, Donna, additional, Coleman, Jamie, additional, Bonner, Melanie J, additional, Kutlar, Abdullah, additional, Patel, Niren, additional, Wood, John C, additional, Piller, Linda, additional, Wei, Peng, additional, Luden, Judy, additional, Mortier, Nicole A., additional, Stuber, Susan, additional, Luban, Naomi L.C., additional, Cohen, Alan R., additional, Pressel, Sara L, additional, and Adams, Robert J., additional

Published
2015
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33. Effects of Chronic Transfusion Therapy on transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography Velocities in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia at Risk for Primary Stroke: Baseline Findings from the Twitch Trial

Author

Imran, Hamayun, primary, Aygun, Banu, additional, Davis, Barry R., additional, Pressel, Sara L., additional, Schultz, William Herbert, additional, Jackson, Sherron M., additional, Singh, Sharon A., additional, Sarnaik, Sharada A., additional, Gauger, Cynthia A., additional, Fuh, Beng, additional, Helton, Kathleen J., additional, Roberts, Donna, additional, Adams, Robert J., additional, and Ware, Russell E., additional

Published
2014
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34. Abstract 11552: Statin Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Development and Validation of a Model to Predict Individualized Treatment Effects Based on the ASCOT, ALLHAT and CARDS Trials

Author

Kaasenbrood, Lotte, primary, Poulter, Neil R, additional, Sever, Peter S, additional, Colhoun, Helen, additional, Livingstone, Shona J, additional, Pressel, Sara L, additional, Davis, Barry R, additional, van der Graaf, Yolanda, additional, Boekholdt, S. Matthijs, additional, and Visseren, Frank L, additional

Published
2014
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38. Blood pressure control and cardiovascular outcomes in normal-weight, overweight, and obese hypertensive patients treated with three different antihypertensives in ALLHAT

Author

Reisin, Efrain, primary, Graves, John W., additional, Yamal, José-Miguel, additional, Barzilay, Joshua I., additional, Pressel, Sara L., additional, Einhorn, Paula T., additional, Dart, Richard A., additional, Retta, Tamrat M., additional, Saklayen, Mohammad G., additional, and Davis, Barry R., additional

Published
2014
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41. Extrahepatic Iron Deposition In Chronically Transfused Children With Sickle Cell Anemia – Baseline Findings From The Twitch Trial

Author

Wood, John C., primary, Cohen, Alan, additional, Aygun, Banu, additional, Imran, Hamayun, additional, Luchtman-Jones, Lori, additional, Thompson, Alexis A., additional, Fuh, Beng, additional, Davis, Barry R, additional, Pressel, Sara L., additional, Schultz, William Herbert, additional, and Ware, Russell E., additional

Published
2013
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42. Pravastatin and cardiovascular outcomes stratified by baseline eGFR in the lipid- lowering component of ALLHAT

Author

Rahman, Mahboob, primary, Baimbridge, Charles, additional, Davis, Barry R., additional, Barzilay, Joshua I., additional, Basile, Jan N., additional, Henriquez, Mario A., additional, Huml, Anne, additional, Kopyt, Nelson, additional, Louis, Gail T., additional, Pressel, Sara L., additional, Rosendorff, Clive, additional, Sastrasinh, Sithiporn, additional, and Stanford, Carol, additional

Published
2013
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43. What if chlorthalidone-associated hyperglycemia develops?

Author

Silver, Alan, Barzilay, Joshua I., Cutler, Jeffrey A., Davis, Barry R., Pressel, Sara L., Whelton, Paul K., Basile, Jan, Margolis, Karen L., Ong, Stephen T., Sadler, Laurie S., and Summerson, John

Subjects
Chlorthalidone -- Complications and side effects, Chlorthalidone -- Dosage and administration, Diabetes -- Risk factors, Hyperglycemia -- Risk factors, Health
Published
2007

45. Operational Aspects of Terminating the Doxazosin Arm of the Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Author

Pressel, Sara L, primary, Davis, Barry R, additional, Wright, Jackson T, additional, Geraci, Therese S, additional, Kingry, Connie, additional, Ford, Charles E, additional, Piller, Linda B, additional, Bettencourt, Judy, additional, Kimmel, Barbara, additional, Lusk, Christine, additional, Parks, Heather, additional, Simpson, Lara M, additional, Nwachuku, Chuke, additional, and Furberg, Curt D, additional

Published
2001
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46. Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Cardiovascular Death in the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program.

Author

Kostis, John B., Sedjro, Jeanine E., Cabrera, Javier, Cosgrove, Nora M., Pantazopoulos, John S., Kostis, William J., Pressel, Sara L., and Davis, Barry R.

Abstract

Most studies of an association of visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure with increased risk of future adverse cardiovascular events are of short duration and rarely include a placebo group. Using data from the double-blind, placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program, the authors examined mortality from cardiovascular causes up to 17 years of follow-up using the National Death Index. Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability was associated with cardiovascular death after adjustment for sex, age, serum creatinine, diabetes, body mass index, smoking status, left ventricular failure, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The relationship was significantly stronger in the active treatment group compared with the placebo group. Although this could be the result of an effect of the medications used unrelated to visit-to-visit variability, the data are compatible with the hypothesis that inconsistent adherence leading to missing active medication doses may be an additional explanation for the relationship of visit-to-visit variability with cardiovascular death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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47. Effect of Diuretic-Based Antihypertensive Treatment on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Older Diabetic Patients with Isolated Systolic Hypertension

Author

CURB, J. DAVID, primary, PRESSEL, SARA L., additional, CUTLER, JEFFREY A., additional, SAVAGE, PETER J., additional, APPLEGATE, WILLIAM B., additional, BLACK, HENRY, additional, CAMEL, GRETA, additional, DAVID, BARRY R., additional, FROST, PHILLIP H., additional, GONZALEZ, NELLY, additional, GUTHRIE, GORDON, additional, OBERMAN, ALBERT, additional, RUTAN, GAIL H., additional, and Adams, Anthony P., additional

Published
1997
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48. Long-Term Effects of Incident Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People Treated for Hypertension.

Author

Barzilay, Joshua I., Davis, Barry R., Pressel, Sara L., Cutler, Jeffrey A., Einhorn, Paula T., Black, Henry R., Cushman, William C., Ford, Charles E., Margolis, Karen L., Moloo, Jamaluddin, Oparil, Suzanne, Piller, Linda B., Simmons, Debra L., Sweeney, Mary Ellen, Whelton, Paul K., Wong, Nathan D., and Wright, Jackson T.

Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, DIURETICS, DIABETES, CALCIUM antagonists, MYOCARDIAL infarction
Abstract

The article presents a research study that compares the long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) consequences of incident diuretic-associated diabetes with the effects of incident diabetes associated with calcium channel blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use. The methods employed are explained involving the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) with mortality and secondary end points. Results are discussed with appropriate analysis.

Published
2012
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49. Mortality and Morbidity During and After the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial.

Author

Cushman, William C., Davis, Barry R., Pressel, Sara L., Cutler, Jeffrey A., Einhorn, Paula T., Ford, Charles E., Oparil, Suzanne, Probstfield, Jeffrey L., Whelton, Paul K., Wright, Jackson T., Alderman, Michael H., Basile, Jan N., Black, Henry R., Grimm, Richard H., Hamilton, Bruce P., Julian Haywood, L., Ong, Stephen T., Piller, Linda B., Simpson, Lara M., and Stanford, Carol

Abstract

A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, multicenter trial assigned 32,804 participants aged 55 years and older with hypertension and ≥1 other coronary heart disease risk factors to receive chlorthalidone (n=15,002), amlodipine (n=8898), or lisinopril (n=8904) for 4 to 8 years, when double-blinded therapy was discontinued. Passive surveillance continued for a total follow-up of 8 to 13 years using national administrative databases to ascertain deaths and hospitalizations. During the post-trial period, fatal outcomes and nonfatal outcomes were available for 98% and 65% of participants, respectively, due to lack of access to administrative databases for the remainder. This paper assesses whether mortality and morbidity differences persisted or new differences developed during the extended follow-up. Primary outcome was cardiovascular mortality and secondary outcomes were mortality, stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cardiovascular disease, and end-stage renal disease. For the post-trial period, data are not available on medications or blood pressure levels. No significant differences ( P<.05) appeared in cardiovascular mortality for amlodipine (hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-1.06) or lisinopril (HR, 0.97; CI, 0.90-1.03), each compared with chlorthalidone. The only significant differences in secondary outcomes were for heart failure, which was higher with amlodipine (HR, 1.12; CI, 1.02-1.22), and stroke mortality, which was higher with lisinopril (HR, 1.20; CI, 1.01-1.41), each compared with chlorthalidone. Similar to the previously reported in-trial result, there was a significant treatment-by-race interaction for cardiovascular disease for lisinopril vs chlorthalidone. Black participants had higher risk than non-black participants taking lisinopril compared with chlorthalidone. After accounting for multiple comparisons, none of these results were significant. These findings suggest that neither calcium channel blockers nor angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are superior to diuretics for the long-term prevention of major cardiovascular complications of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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