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Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration: individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies
- Source :
- European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621-+. Oxford University Press, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Volzke, H, Cooper, C, Ibanez, A M, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundstrom, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Bjorkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Coady, S, Whincup, P H, Jørgensen, T, Ducimetiere, P, Trevisan, M, Engstrom, G, Crespo, C J, Meade, T, Visser, M, Kromhout, D, Kiechl, S, Daimon, M, Price, J F, de la Camara, A G, Jukema, J W, Lamarche, B, Onat, A, Simons, L A, Kavousi, M, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Gallacher, J, Dekker, J M, Arima, H, Shara, N, Tipping, R, Roussel, R, Brunner, E J, Koenig, W, Sakurai, M, Pavlovic, J, Gansevoort, R T, Nagel, D, Goldbourt, U, Barr, E L M, Palmieri, L, Njølstad, I, Sato, S, Verschuren, W M M, Varghese, C V, Graham, I, Onuma, O, Greenland, P, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Psaty, B M, Sattar, N, Jackson, R, Ridker, P M, Cook, N, D'Agostino, R B S, Thompson, S G, Danesh, J, Di Angelantonio, E, Tipping, R W, Simpson, L M, Pressel, S L, Couper, D J, Nambi, V, Matsushita, K, Folsom, A R, Shaw, J E, Magliano, D J, Zimmet, P Z, Knuiman, M W, Whincup, P H, Wannamethee, S G, Willeit, J, Santer, P, Egger, G, Casas, J P, Amuzu, A, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Gallacher, J, Tikhonoff, V, Casiglia, E, Sutherland, S E, Nietert, P J, Cushman, M, Psaty, B M, Sogaard, A J, Haheim, L L, Ariansen, I, Tybjærg-Hansen, A, Jensen, G B, Schnohr, P, Giampaoli, S, Vanuzzo, D, Panico, S, Palmieri, L, Balkau, B, Bonnet, F, Marre, M, de la Camara, A G, Herrera, M A R, Friedlander, Y, McCallum, J, McLachlan, S, Guralnik, J, Phillips, C L, Guralnik, J, Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N, Schottker, B, Saum, K-U, Holleczek, B, Nissinen, A, Tolonen, H, Giampaoli, S, Donfrancesco, C, Jousilahti, P, Harald, K, D'Agostino, R B S, Massaro, J M, Pencina, M, Vasan, R, Massaro, J M, Pencina, M, Vasan, R, Kayama, T, Kato, T, Oizumi, T, Jespersen, J, Møller, L, Bladbjerg, E M, Chetrit, A, Rosengren, A, Wilhelmsen, L, Bjorkelund, C, Lissner, L, Nagel, D, Dennison, E, Kiyohara, Y, Ninomiya, T, Doi, Y, Rodriguez, B, Nijpels, G, Stehouwer, C D A, Sato, S, Kazumasa, Y, Iso, H, Goldbourt, U, Salomaa, V, Vartiainen, E, Kurl, S, Tuomainen, T-P, Salonen, J T, Visser, M, Deeg, D J H, Meade, T, Nilsson, P M, Hedblad, B, Melander, O, De Boer, I H, DeFilippis, A P, Verschuren, W M M, Sattar, N, Watt, G, Meisinger, C, Koenig, W, Verschuren, M, Rosengren, A, Kuller, L H, Tverdal, A, Gillum, R F, Cooper, J A, Kirkland, S, Shimbo, D, Shaffer, J, Sato, S, Kazumasa, Y, Iso, H, Ducimetiere, P, Bakker, S J L, van der Harst, P, Hillege, H L, Crespo, C J, Amouyel, P, Dallongeville, J, Assmann, G, Schulte, H, Trompet, S, Smit, R A J, Stott, D J, van der Schouw, Y T, Despres, J-P, Cantin, B, Dagenais, G R, Laughlin, G, Wingard, D, Khaw, K-T, Trevisan, M, Aspelund, T, Eiriksdottir, G, Gudmundsson, E F, Ikram, A, van Rooij, F J A, Franco, O H, Rueda-Ochoa, O L, Muka, T, Glisic, M, Tunstall-Pedoe, H, Volzke, H, Howard, B V, Zhang, Y, Jolly, S, Gallacher, J, Davey-Smith, G, Can, G, Yuksel, H, Nakagawa, H, Morikawa, Y, Miura, K, Njølstad, I, Ingelsson, M, Giedraitis, V, Ridker, P M, Gaziano, J M, Kivimaki, M, Shipley, M, Brunner, E J, Arndt, V, Brenner, H, Cook, N, Ridker, P M, Ford, I, Sattar, N, Ibanez, A M & Geleijnse, J M 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621-631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, European Heart Journal, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, Nordestgaard, B G, Jørgensen, T, Di Angelantonio, E, Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, Jespersen, J & Bladbjerg, E-M 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621-631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, European Heart Journal 40 (2019) 7, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, Van Der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Völzke, H, Cooper, C, Marín Ibañez, A, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundström, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Björkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Coady, S, Whincup, P H, Jørgensen, T, Ducimetiere, P, Trevisan, M, Engström, G, Crespo, C J, Meade, T W, Visser, M, Kromhout, D, Kiechl, S, Daimon, M, Price, J F, Gómez De La Cámara, A, Wouter Jukema, J, Lamarche, B, Onat, A, Simons, L A, Kavousi, M, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Gallacher, J, Dekker, J M, Arima, H, Shara, N, Tipping, R W, Roussel, R, Brunner, E J, Koenig, W, Sakurai, M, Pavlovic, J, Gansevoort, R T, Nagel, D, Goldbourt, U, Barr, E L M, Palmieri, L, Njølstad, I, Sato, S, Monique Verschuren, W M, Varghese, C V, Graham, I, Onuma, O, Greenland, P, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Psaty, B M, Sattar, N, Jackson, R, Ridker, P M, Cook, N R, D'Agostino, R B, Thompson, S G, Danesh, J, Di Angelantonio, E, Simpson, L M, Pressel, S L, Couper, D J, Nambi, V, Matsushita, K, Folsom, A R, Shaw, J E, Magliano, D J, Zimmet, P Z, Wannamethee, S G, Willeit, J, Santer, P, Egger, G, Casas, J P, Amuzu, A, Tikhonoff, V, Sutherland, S E, Cushman, M, Søgaard, A J, Håheim, L L, Ariansen, I, Tybjærg-Hansen, A, Jensen, G B, Schnohr, P, Giampaoli, S, Vanuzzo, D, Panico, S, Balkau, B, Bonnet, F, Marre, M, De La Cámara, A G, Rubio Herrera, M A, Friedlander, Y, McCallum, J, McLachlan, S, Guralnik, J, Phillips, C L, Wareham, N, Schöttker, B, Saum, K U, Holleczek, B, Tolonen, H, Vartiainen, E, Jousilahti, P, Harald, K, Massaro, J M, Pencina, M, Vasan, R, Kayama, T, Kato, T, Oizumi, T, Jespersen, J, Møller, L, Bladbjerg, E M, Chetrit, A, Wilhelmsen, L, Lissner, L, Dennison, E, Kiyohara, Y, Ninomiya, T, Doi, Y, Nijpels, G, Stehouwer, C D A, Kazumasa, Y, Iso, H, Kurl, S, Tuomainen, T P, Salonen, J T, Deeg, D J H, Nilsson, P M, Bo, H, Melander, O, De Boer, I H, DeFilippis, A P, Verschuren, W M M, Watt, G, Verschuren, W M M, Tverdal, A, Kirkland, S, Shimbo, D, Shaffer, J, Bakker, S J L, Van Der Harst, P, Hillege, H L, Dallongeville, J, Schulte, H, Trompet, S, Smit, R A J, Stott, D J, Després, J P, Cantin, B, Dagenais, G R, Laughlin, G, Wingard, D, Aspelund, T, Eiriksdottir, G, Gudmundsson, E F, Ikram, A, Van Rooij, F J A, Franco, O H, Rueda-Ochoa, O L, Muka, T, Glisic, M, Tunstall-Pedoe, H, Howard, B V, Ying, Z, Jolly, S, Davey-Smith, G, Can, G, Yüksel, H, Nakagawa, H, Morikawa, Y, Miura, K, Ingelsson, M, Giedraitis, V, Gaziano, J M, Shipley, M, Arndt, V, Ibañez, A M & Geleijnse, J M 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : Individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621-631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621-631, European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621-631. Oxford University Press, European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621-+. OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2018, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, Pennells, L, Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Völzke, H, Cooper, C, Marín Ibañez, A, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundström, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Björkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Woodward, M, Thompson, S G & Di Angelantonio, E 2018, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Völzke, H, Cooper, C, Marín Ibañez, A, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundström, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Björkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Coady, S, Whincup, P H, Jørgensen, T, Ducimetiere, P, Trevisan, M, Engström, G, Crespo, C J, Meade, T W, Visser, M, Kromhout, D, Kiechl, S, Daimon, M, Price, J F, de la Cámara, A G, Jukema, J W, Lamarche, B, Onat, A, Simons, L A, Kavousi, M, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Gallacher, J, Dekker, J M, Arima, H, Shara, N, Tipping, R W, Roussel, R, Brunner, E J, Koenig, W, Sakurai, M, Pavlovic, J, Gansevoort, R T, Nagel, D, Goldbourt, U, Barr, E L M, Palmieri, L, Njølstad, I, Sato, S, Verschuren, W M M, Varghese, C V, Graham, I, Onuma, O, Greenland, P, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Psaty, B M, Sattar, N, Jackson, R, Ridker, P M, Cook, N R, D'Agostino, R B, Thompson, S G, Danesh, J, Di Angelantonio, E & Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621–631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B R G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Völzke, H, Cooper, C, Marín Ibañez, A, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundström, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Björkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Coady, S, Visser, M, Dekker, J M, Gansevoort, R T, Woodward, M, Thompson, S G, Danesh, J, Angelantonio, E & Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration: individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621-631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621. Oxford University Press
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Publisher's version (útgefin grein)<br />Aims: There is debate about the optimum algorithm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation. We conducted head-to-head comparisons of four algorithms recommended by primary prevention guidelines, before and after 'recalibration', a method that adapts risk algorithms to take account of differences in the risk characteristics of the populations being studied. Methods and results: Using individual-participant data on 360 737 participants without CVD at baseline in 86 prospective studies from 22 countries, we compared the Framingham risk score (FRS), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), pooled cohort equations (PCE), and Reynolds risk score (RRS). We calculated measures of risk discrimination and calibration, and modelled clinical implications of initiating statin therapy in people judged to be at 'high' 10 year CVD risk. Original risk algorithms were recalibrated using the risk factor profile and CVD incidence of target populations. The four algorithms had similar risk discrimination. Before recalibration, FRS, SCORE, and PCE over-predicted CVD risk on average by 10%, 52%, and 41%, respectively, whereas RRS under-predicted by 10%. Original versions of algorithms classified 29-39% of individuals aged ≥40 years as high risk. By contrast, recalibration reduced this proportion to 22-24% for every algorithm. We estimated that to prevent one CVD event, it would be necessary to initiate statin therapy in 44-51 such individuals using original algorithms, in contrast to 37-39 individuals with recalibrated algorithms. Conclusion: Before recalibration, the clinical performance of four widely used CVD risk algorithms varied substantially. By contrast, simple recalibration nearly equalized their performance and improved modelled targeting of preventive action to clinical need.<br />The work of the co-ordinating centre was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (G0800270), British Heart Foundation (SP/09/ 002), British Heart Foundation Cambridge Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence, UK National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, European Research Council (268834), and European Commission Framework Programme 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012-279233). The Emerging Risk Factor Collaboration’s website https://www.phpc.cam.ac.uk/ceu/erfc/list-of-studies/ has compiled a list provided by investigators of some of the funders of the component studies in this analysis. I.W. was supported by the Medical Research Council Unit Programme MC_UU_12023/21. M.K. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Veni grant (Veni, 91616079). J.P. is supported by Erasmus Mundus Western Balkans (ERAWEB), a project funded by the European Commission.
- Subjects :
- Male
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nutrition and Disease
Prevention and Epidemiology
PREDICTION
Áhættuþættir
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
GUIDELINES
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Voeding en Ziekte
FRAMINGHAM
Discrimination
Medicine
Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Blóðrásarsjúkdómar
Prospective Studies
Prospective cohort study
Non-U.S. Gov't
1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
CALIBRATION
Kardiologi
Framingham Risk Score
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
SCORES
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Incidence (epidemiology)
Middle Aged
Cardiovascular disease
Justice and Strong Institutions
Risk prediction
ddc
3. Good health
Cardiovascular Diseases
Meta-analysis
Cohort
Calibration
Female
Risk assessment
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Algorithm
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Algorithms
SDG 16 - Peace
Risk algorithms
DISEASE PREVENTION
Research Support
Risk Assessment
VALIDATION
03 medical and health sciences
Clinical Research
Journal Article
Humans
ddc:610
Risk factor
VLAG
Aged
Science & Technology
business.industry
SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
030229 sport sciences
R1
STATIN USE
Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
business
PRIMARY PREVENTION
TASK-FORCE
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 0195668X and 15229645
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621-+. Oxford University Press, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Volzke, H, Cooper, C, Ibanez, A M, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundstrom, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Bjorkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Coady, S, Whincup, P H, Jørgensen, T, Ducimetiere, P, Trevisan, M, Engstrom, G, Crespo, C J, Meade, T, Visser, M, Kromhout, D, Kiechl, S, Daimon, M, Price, J F, de la Camara, A G, Jukema, J W, Lamarche, B, Onat, A, Simons, L A, Kavousi, M, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Gallacher, J, Dekker, J M, Arima, H, Shara, N, Tipping, R, Roussel, R, Brunner, E J, Koenig, W, Sakurai, M, Pavlovic, J, Gansevoort, R T, Nagel, D, Goldbourt, U, Barr, E L M, Palmieri, L, Njølstad, I, Sato, S, Verschuren, W M M, Varghese, C V, Graham, I, Onuma, O, Greenland, P, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Psaty, B M, Sattar, N, Jackson, R, Ridker, P M, Cook, N, D'Agostino, R B S, Thompson, S G, Danesh, J, Di Angelantonio, E, Tipping, R W, Simpson, L M, Pressel, S L, Couper, D J, Nambi, V, Matsushita, K, Folsom, A R, Shaw, J E, Magliano, D J, Zimmet, P Z, Knuiman, M W, Whincup, P H, Wannamethee, S G, Willeit, J, Santer, P, Egger, G, Casas, J P, Amuzu, A, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Gallacher, J, Tikhonoff, V, Casiglia, E, Sutherland, S E, Nietert, P J, Cushman, M, Psaty, B M, Sogaard, A J, Haheim, L L, Ariansen, I, Tybjærg-Hansen, A, Jensen, G B, Schnohr, P, Giampaoli, S, Vanuzzo, D, Panico, S, Palmieri, L, Balkau, B, Bonnet, F, Marre, M, de la Camara, A G, Herrera, M A R, Friedlander, Y, McCallum, J, McLachlan, S, Guralnik, J, Phillips, C L, Guralnik, J, Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N, Schottker, B, Saum, K-U, Holleczek, B, Nissinen, A, Tolonen, H, Giampaoli, S, Donfrancesco, C, Jousilahti, P, Harald, K, D'Agostino, R B S, Massaro, J M, Pencina, M, Vasan, R, Massaro, J M, Pencina, M, Vasan, R, Kayama, T, Kato, T, Oizumi, T, Jespersen, J, Møller, L, Bladbjerg, E M, Chetrit, A, Rosengren, A, Wilhelmsen, L, Bjorkelund, C, Lissner, L, Nagel, D, Dennison, E, Kiyohara, Y, Ninomiya, T, Doi, Y, Rodriguez, B, Nijpels, G, Stehouwer, C D A, Sato, S, Kazumasa, Y, Iso, H, Goldbourt, U, Salomaa, V, Vartiainen, E, Kurl, S, Tuomainen, T-P, Salonen, J T, Visser, M, Deeg, D J H, Meade, T, Nilsson, P M, Hedblad, B, Melander, O, De Boer, I H, DeFilippis, A P, Verschuren, W M M, Sattar, N, Watt, G, Meisinger, C, Koenig, W, Verschuren, M, Rosengren, A, Kuller, L H, Tverdal, A, Gillum, R F, Cooper, J A, Kirkland, S, Shimbo, D, Shaffer, J, Sato, S, Kazumasa, Y, Iso, H, Ducimetiere, P, Bakker, S J L, van der Harst, P, Hillege, H L, Crespo, C J, Amouyel, P, Dallongeville, J, Assmann, G, Schulte, H, Trompet, S, Smit, R A J, Stott, D J, van der Schouw, Y T, Despres, J-P, Cantin, B, Dagenais, G R, Laughlin, G, Wingard, D, Khaw, K-T, Trevisan, M, Aspelund, T, Eiriksdottir, G, Gudmundsson, E F, Ikram, A, van Rooij, F J A, Franco, O H, Rueda-Ochoa, O L, Muka, T, Glisic, M, Tunstall-Pedoe, H, Volzke, H, Howard, B V, Zhang, Y, Jolly, S, Gallacher, J, Davey-Smith, G, Can, G, Yuksel, H, Nakagawa, H, Morikawa, Y, Miura, K, Njølstad, I, Ingelsson, M, Giedraitis, V, Ridker, P M, Gaziano, J M, Kivimaki, M, Shipley, M, Brunner, E J, Arndt, V, Brenner, H, Cook, N, Ridker, P M, Ford, I, Sattar, N, Ibanez, A M & Geleijnse, J M 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621-631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, European Heart Journal, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, 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Oxford University Press, European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621-+. OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2018, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, Pennells, L, Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Völzke, H, Cooper, C, Marín Ibañez, A, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundström, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Björkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Woodward, M, Thompson, S G & Di Angelantonio, E 2018, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Völzke, H, Cooper, C, Marín Ibañez, A, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundström, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Björkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Coady, S, Whincup, P H, Jørgensen, T, Ducimetiere, P, Trevisan, M, Engström, G, Crespo, C J, Meade, T W, Visser, M, Kromhout, D, Kiechl, S, Daimon, M, Price, J F, de la Cámara, A G, Jukema, J W, Lamarche, B, Onat, A, Simons, L A, Kavousi, M, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Gallacher, J, Dekker, J M, Arima, H, Shara, N, Tipping, R W, Roussel, R, Brunner, E J, Koenig, W, Sakurai, M, Pavlovic, J, Gansevoort, R T, Nagel, D, Goldbourt, U, Barr, E L M, Palmieri, L, Njølstad, I, Sato, S, Verschuren, W M M, Varghese, C V, Graham, I, Onuma, O, Greenland, P, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Psaty, B M, Sattar, N, Jackson, R, Ridker, P M, Cook, N R, D'Agostino, R B, Thompson, S G, Danesh, J, Di Angelantonio, E & Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration : individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621–631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, Pennells, L, Kaptoge, S, Wood, A, Sweeting, M, Zhao, X, White, I, Burgess, S, Willeit, P, Bolton, T, Moons, K G M, van der Schouw, Y T, Selmer, R, Khaw, K-T, Gudnason, V, Assmann, G, Amouyel, P, Salomaa, V, Kivimaki, M, Nordestgaard, B R G, Blaha, M J, Kuller, L H, Brenner, H, Gillum, R F, Meisinger, C, Ford, I, Knuiman, M W, Rosengren, A, Lawlor, D A, Völzke, H, Cooper, C, Marín Ibañez, A, Casiglia, E, Kauhanen, J, Cooper, J A, Rodriguez, B, Sundström, J, Barrett-Connor, E, Dankner, R, Nietert, P J, Davidson, K W, Wallace, R B, Blazer, D G, Björkelund, C, Donfrancesco, C, Krumholz, H M, Nissinen, A, Davis, B R, Coady, S, Visser, M, Dekker, J M, Gansevoort, R T, Woodward, M, Thompson, S G, Danesh, J, Angelantonio, E & Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration 2019, ' Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration: individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies ', European Heart Journal, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 621-631 . https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy653, European Heart Journal, 40(7), 621. Oxford University Press
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