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Periodontal abscess is a localized accumulation of pus in periodontal tissue. It is an important disease because it is the most common dental emergency. The 2017 workshop classification is a periodontal abscess in periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients because they have different etiologies. Periodontal abscess treatment is considered an emergency, as delayed treatment can lead to complications such as tooth loss and the spread of infection. This study aims to determine and map the classification, etiologic factors, and treatment of periodontal abscesses. This scoping review was carried out according to the PCC (population, concept, context) framework. Article searches were performed in 3 databases. Articles were selected using the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews). The number of articles that met the inclusion criteria in this study was 8 articles. 4 articles stated that pain was the main complaint of periodontal abscess. Probing depth and tooth mobility were also reported in 3 articles. 2 articles mentioned specific classifications of periodontal abscesses, with the majority occurring due to systemic disease and periodontitis. Periodontal abscess treatments performed were incision, drainage, and antibiotics, only 1 article mentioned the most common treatment with extraction. The classification, etiological factors, and treatment of periodontal abscesses should be clarified to facilitate early diagnosis and emergency treatment, minimize the risk of medical complications, or prevent long-term dental complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scaling and root planing (SRP) is the primary treatment for patients with periodontitis. To overcome the limitations of SRP, adjunctive therapy is used to maximise treatment efficacy and optimise patient healing. The effect of adjunctive therapy can be known through biomarker levels before and after treatment. The objective of this research is to determine the effect of adjunctive therapy after initial treatment on MMP-8 levels in periodontitis patients. This scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines using PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Livivo databases, and manual searches. This research was conducted over a period of 6 months. A total of 13 articles were used according to the inclusion criteria. There were 3 articles on antibiotic administration, 1 article on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) administration, 2 articles on probiotic administration, 2 articles on herbal administration, 1 article on laser application, 1 article on LED application, 1 article on carbonate apatite mineral administration, 1 article on a comparison of antibiotic administration and licorice herbal administration, and 1 article on a comparison of antibiotic administration and photodynamic therapy as adjunctive therapy. 12 articles showed a significant statistically significant decrease in MMP-8 levels, while 1 article showed a decrease in MMP-8 levels but not statistically significant. Based on the analysis of all articles in this research, adjunctive therapy after initial treatment has an effect on reducing MMP-8 levels in periodontitis patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-cigarettes or vaping has gained more popularity in Indonesia, a country with the third highest smoking prevalence in the world. This survey aimed to obtain data on the characteristics, perceived side effects and benefits, and tobacco use profile of e-cigarette users (vapers) in Indonesia. An online survey was performed in 29 provinces using a convenience sampling approach. Inclusion criteria were being a current e-cigarette user/vaper and aged 18 years or more. A total of 1,408 subjects (97.64% male, 2.3% female, 0.06% undefined, mean age 29.3 years) participated in this study. The majority (90.6 %) were first exposed to nicotine via tobacco smoking. Most subjects (81.7%) believed that vaping was less harmful than smoking. The vast majority of smokers (96.3%) reported smoking cessation (78.3%) or reduction in consumption (18%) with the help of vaping. Participants reported minimal side effects and some health benefits after vape use initiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gingival inflammation or gingivitis is an inflammation of the gingiva caused by deposits of supragingival plaque characterized by changes in clinical features. Treatment of gingivitis consists of mechanical procedure through scaling and root planing, but mechanical procedure alone sometimes is not effective, therefore mechanical treatment should be combined with adjunctive therapy. Mangosteen peel is an ingredient that has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of mangosteen peel extract mouthwash in reducing gingival inflammation. This study was conducted using a double-blind simple randomized-controlled trial. A total of 32 subjects with gingivitis were randomly assigned into 4 different groups, namely group I placebo, group II concentration of 2%, group III concentration of 4%, and group IV concentration of 6%. All subjects were given scaling as initial treatment then, the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) and Sulcular Bleeding Index (SBI) score were measured on the 1st and 8th days. The MGI and SBI scores are reduced in all groups on the 8th day. A significant MGI score reduction was seen in concentration 2% and concentration 6% compared to negative control and no significant differences between the two concentrations Mangosteen peel extract mouthwash can reduce gingival inflammation with the highest reduction seen at concentrations of 2% and 6% viewed based on the MGI parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fixed orthodontic components frequently provide plaque retention area, hinder oral hygiene procedures, and impede self-cleaning action leading to an increase in plaque accumulation, particularly in the cervical regions of brackets near gingival margin. The archwire ligation method on brackets is another factor influencing plaque retention. Determining the type of bracket that has minimal impact on oral hygiene is essential. This study aims to identify the effects of using conventional (CB) and self-ligating brackets (SLB) on oral hygiene and periodontal health status in patients with mild to moderate crowding. This rapid review was conducted according to the PICO framework and PRISMA flowchart. Electronic database searching and snowballing technique were performed. Risk of bias assessment was made using the original Cochrane risk of bias tool. 8 eligible experimental study articles were included. The studies from qualitatively analyzed articles showed that both CB and SLB could increase the values of measured clinical parameters for oral hygiene (PI) and periodontal health status (GI, bleeding index, PD). Most of the articles showed the increased parameter values were similar between the two bracket groups. PD values remained within the normal limits. Generally, the effects of using CB and SLB were similar in increasing oral hygiene (PI) and periodontal health status (GI and bleeding index) in patients with mild to moderate crowding, although 3 articles revealed contradictive effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissue due to pathogenic microorganisms interacting with host responds. Treatment scaling and root planing have been established as the standard in treating periodontitis, but there are limitations. The combination of additional therapy using Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline (SDD) is needed to overcome the excessive host response so that it can produce better therapeutic results. This study aims to determine the development of science regarding using SDD as an adjunct therapy in periodontitis patients. Rapid review method with literature screening and selection using the PRISMA protocol. The search strategy was carried out on the PubMed, Science Direct, and ProQuest databases using keywords and Boolean operators according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five articles reviewed showed various changes in clinical parameters and inflammatory mediators. Changes in parameters that are considered significant and insignificant but still offer a better direction. The whole article shows that SDD positively affects the periodontal tissue, as seen by the decrease in Probing Depth (PD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) and Gingival Ctevicular Fluid (GCF) which play a significant role in periodontitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the knowledge and perceptions of dentists regarding the tobacco harm reduction program in West Java, Indonesia. A survey was conducted to dentists in West Java with an online questionnaire. The questionnaire contained various closed-ended questions covering the knowledge and perceptions of dentists regarding tobacco harm reduction. The respondents’ knowledge score was calculated by giving 1 point for each correct answer. A total of 290 responses were included in the analysis. The results showed that the majority of the respondents believed combining nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) with counseling results in a high success rate in smoking cessation (75.5%). However, only a small percentage stated that one of the tobacco harm reduction products, namely e-cigarettes, is effective in replacing conventional cigarettes (25.9%). Although the majority of the respondents still had low knowledge related to the program (67.2%), they agreed that tobacco control activities are the duty of dentists (69.5%) and that their practice is an ideal place to conduct these events (72.0%). The perception of dentists regarding tobacco control in West Java was generally quite good. However, their lack of knowledge concerning the reduction program could be a barrier to effectively implementing the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Periodontal dressing is a protective material that is used on post-surgical periodontal to protect the surface of the wound and provides a comfort sense to patient. This study was conducted to determine the effect of periodontal dressings containing silver nanoparticles by evaluating inflammatory parameters using 99mTc-ciprofloxacin; a radiopharmaceutical that can be used for diagnosing infection and inflammation. Methods: This research was carried out using purely experimental 24 male Sprague Dawley rats and divided into 4 groups. First group is a group without any treatment, second group was the positive control group (excision procedure and given CoePak(R)), third group was negative group (only excision procedure) and fourth group (excision procedure and given CoePak (R) with silver nanoparticles). On second and fourth days after the procedure, each group was observed of inflammation inside of the excision by injecting 99mTc-cipro-floxacin through vein and after one hour the rat was sacrificed and dextra palate organ of each rat was counted by Single Channel Analyzer to determine the accumulation of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin. Results: In rats given CoePak (R) with silver nanoparticles showed a tendency or inclination data which is good in giving effect to promote healing compare to positive control group on day 4 with less accumulation of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin in dextra palate. Conclusion: Addition of silver nanoparticles in periodontal dressing gave a good effect for wound tissue healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]