17 results on '"Pierre Cabaraux"'
Search Results
2. CSF HIV RNA Escape in Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature
- Author
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Pierre Cabaraux, Arthur Poncelet, Jérome Honnorat, Remy Demeester, Soraya Cherifi, and Mario Manto
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HIV ,CSF escape ,opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome ,cerebellum ,sinus thrombosis ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Background: Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) infection is associated with a broad range of neurological manifestations, including opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS) occurring in primary infection, immune reconstitution syndrome or in case of opportunistic co-infection.Case: We report the exceptional case of a 43-year-old female under HIV treatment for 10 years who presented initially with suspected epileptic seizure. Although the clinical picture slightly improved under anti-epileptic treatment, it was rapidly attributed to OMAS. The patient exhibited marked opsoclonus, mild dysarthria, upper limbs intermittent myoclonus, ataxia in 4 limbs, truncal ataxia, and a severe gait ataxia (SARA score: 34). The diagnostic work-up showed radiological and biological signs of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and cerebral venous sinus thromboses. The HIV viral load was higher in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than in the blood (4,560 copies/ml vs. 76 copies/ml). She was treated for 5 days with pulsed corticotherapy. Dolutegravir and anticoagulation administration were initiated. Follow-ups at 2 and 4 months showed a dramatic improvement of clinical neurologic status (SARA score at 4 months: 1), reduction of CNS inflammation and revealed undetectable CSF and serum viral loads.Conclusion: This case underlines the importance of the evaluation of the CSF viral load in HIV patients developing OMAS and suggests CSF HIV RNA escape as a novel cause for OMAS.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Dysmetria and Errors in Predictions: The Role of Internal Forward Model
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Pierre Cabaraux, Jordi Gandini, Shinji Kakei, Mario Manto, Hiroshi Mitoma, and Hirokazu Tanaka
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cerebellum ,cerebellar ataxias ,dysmetria ,prediction ,internal forward model ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The terminology of cerebellar dysmetria embraces a ubiquitous symptom in motor deficits, oculomotor symptoms, and cognitive/emotional symptoms occurring in cerebellar ataxias. Patients with episodic ataxia exhibit recurrent episodes of ataxia, including motor dysmetria. Despite the consensus that cerebellar dysmetria is a cardinal symptom, there is still no agreement on its pathophysiological mechanisms to date since its first clinical description by Babinski. We argue that impairment in the predictive computation for voluntary movements explains a range of characteristics accompanied by dysmetria. Within this framework, the cerebellum acquires and maintains an internal forward model, which predicts current and future states of the body by integrating an estimate of the previous state and a given efference copy of motor commands. Two of our recent studies experimentally support the internal-forward-model hypothesis of the cerebellar circuitry. First, the cerebellar outputs (firing rates of dentate nucleus cells) contain predictive information for the future cerebellar inputs (firing rates of mossy fibers). Second, a component of movement kinematics is predictive for target motions in control subjects. In cerebellar patients, the predictive component lags behind a target motion and is compensated with a feedback component. Furthermore, a clinical analysis has examined kinematic and electromyography (EMG) features using a task of elbow flexion goal-directed movements, which mimics the finger-to-nose test. Consistent with the hypothesis of the internal forward model, the predictive activations in the triceps muscles are impaired, and the impaired predictive activations result in hypermetria (overshoot). Dysmetria stems from deficits in the predictive computation of the internal forward model in the cerebellum. Errors in this fundamental mechanism result in undershoot (hypometria) and overshoot during voluntary motor actions. The predictive computation of the forward model affords error-based motor learning, coordination of multiple degrees of freedom, and adequate timing of muscle activities. Both the timing and synergy theory fit with the internal forward model, microzones being the elemental computational unit, and the anatomical organization of converging inputs to the Purkinje neurons providing them the unique property of a perceptron in the brain. We propose that motor dysmetria observed in attacks of ataxia occurs as a result of impaired predictive computation of the internal forward model in the cerebellum.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Consensus Paper: Ataxic Gait
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Pierre Cabaraux, Sunil K. Agrawal, Huaying Cai, Rocco Salvatore Calabro, Carlo Casali, Loic Damm, Sarah Doss, Christophe Habas, Anja K. E. Horn, Winfried Ilg, Elan D. Louis, Hiroshi Mitoma, Vito Monaco, Maria Petracca, Alberto Ranavolo, Ashwini K. Rao, Serena Ruggieri, Tommaso Schirinzi, Mariano Serrao, Susanna Summa, Michael Strupp, Olivia Surgent, Matthis Synofzik, Shuai Tao, Hiroo Terasi, Diego Torres-Russotto, Brittany Travers, Jaimie A. Roper, and Mario Manto
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Neurology ,Cerebellum ,Therapies ,Posture ,Rehabilitation ,Cerebellar ataxia ,Gait ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
The aim of this consensus paper is to discuss the roles of the cerebellum in human gait, as well as its assessment and therapy. Cerebellar vermis is critical for postural control. The cerebellum ensures the mapping of sensory information into temporally relevant motor commands. Mental imagery of gait involves intrinsically connected fronto-parietal networks comprising the cerebellum. Muscular activities in cerebellar patients show impaired timing of discharges, affecting the patterning of the synergies subserving locomotion. Ataxia of stance/gait is amongst the first cerebellar deficits in cerebellar disorders such as degenerative ataxias and is a disabling symptom with a high risk of falls. Prolonged discharges and increased muscle coactivation may be related to compensatory mechanisms and enhanced body sway, respectively. Essential tremor is frequently associated with mild gait ataxia. There is growing evidence for an important role of the cerebellar cortex in the pathogenesis of essential tremor. In multiple sclerosis, balance and gait are affected due to cerebellar and spinal cord involvement, as a result of disseminated demyelination and neurodegeneration impairing proprioception. In orthostatic tremor, patients often show mild-to-moderate limb and gait ataxia. The tremor generator is likely located in the posterior fossa. Tandem gait is impaired in the early stages of cerebellar disorders and may be particularly useful in the evaluation of pre-ataxic stages of progressive ataxias. Impaired inter-joint coordination and enhanced variability of gait temporal and kinetic parameters can be grasped by wearable devices such as accelerometers. Kinect is a promising low cost technology to obtain reliable measurements and remote assessments of gait. Deep learning methods are being developed in order to help clinicians in the diagnosis and decision-making process. Locomotor adaptation is impaired in cerebellar patients. Coordinative training aims to improve the coordinative strategy and foot placements across strides, cerebellar patients benefiting from intense rehabilitation therapies. Robotic training is a promising approach to complement conventional rehabilitation and neuromodulation of the cerebellum. Wearable dynamic orthoses represent a potential aid to assist gait. The panel of experts agree that the understanding of the cerebellar contribution to gait control will lead to a better management of cerebellar ataxias in general and will likely contribute to use gait parameters as robust biomarkers of future clinical trials.
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- 2022
5. The Three Cornerstones of the Cerebellar Syndrome
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Pierre Cabaraux and Mario Manto
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- 2023
6. Features of Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 Patients With Dysphonia
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Maria Rosaria Barillari, Lionel Jouffe, Mihaela Horoi, Sébastien Vergez, Carlos M. Chiesa-Estomba, Fabrice Journe, Giovanna Cantarella, Serge-Daniel Le Bon, Justin Michel, Delphine Martiny, Kathy Huet, Marta P. Circiu, Géraldine Descamps, Didier Dequanter, Pierre Cabaraux, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Lea Distinguin, Julien Hsieh, Tareck Ayad, Mohamad Khalife, Bernard Harmegnies, Jerome R. Lechien, Irene Lopez Delgado, Younes Chekkoury-Idrissi, Alexandra Rodriguez, Pierre Leich, Baptiste Hochet, Manuel Tucciarone, Nicolas Fakhry, Philippe Lavigne, Gabriele Molteni, Giuditta Mannelli, Thomas Radulesco, Christel Souchay, Giovanni Cammaroto, Eleonora M C Trecca, Stéphane Hans, Quentin Mat, Sven Saussez, Lise Crevier-Buchman, Fahd El Afia, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole (IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lechien, Jerome R., Chiesa-Estomba, Carlos M., Cabaraux, Pierre, Mat, Quentin, Huet, Kathy, Harmegnies, Bernard, Horoi, Mihaela, Bon, Serge D. Le, Rodriguez, Alexandra, Dequanter, Didier, Hans, Stéphane, Crevier-Buchman, Lise, Hochet, Baptiste, Distinguin, Lea, Chekkoury-Idrissi, Youne, Circiu, Marta, Afia, Fahd El, Barillari, Maria Rosaria, Cammaroto, Giovanni, Fakhry, Nicola, Michel, Justin, Radulesco, Thoma, Martiny, Delphine, Lavigne, Philippe, Jouffe, Lionel, Descamps, Géraldine, Journe, Fabrice, Trecca, Eleonora M. C., Hsieh, Julien, Delgado, Irene Lopez, Calvo-Henriquez, Christian, Vergez, Sebastien, Khalife, Mohamad, Molteni, Gabriele, Mannelli, Giuditta, Cantarella, Giovanna, Tucciarone, Manuel, Souchay, Christel, Leich, Pierre, Ayad, Tareck, and Saussez, Sven
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Nausea ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,ENT ,Dysphonia, Covid-19, Coronavirus, Voice, Symptoms, Clinical, Findings, ENT ,Chest pain ,Article ,030507 speech-language pathology & audiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Speech and Hearing ,Clinical ,0302 clinical medicine ,Throat ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Prevalence ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Humans ,Dysphonia−Covid-19−Coronavirus−Voice−Symptoms−Clinical−Findings−ENT ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Hoarseness ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Bayes Theorem ,Findings ,LPN and LVN ,Dysphonia ,Dysphagia ,3. Good health ,Coronavirus ,Diarrhea ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Symptoms ,Vomiting ,Voice ,Sputum ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Covid-19 - Abstract
International audience; Introduction: To explore the prevalence of dysphonia in European patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and the clinical features of dysphonic patients.Methods: The clinical and epidemiological data of 702 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 were collected from 19 European Hospitals. The following data were extracted: age, sex, ethnicity, tobacco consumption, comorbidities, general, and otolaryngological symptoms. Dysphonia and otolaryngological symptoms were self-assessed through a 4-point scale. The prevalence of dysphonia, as part of the COVID-19 symptoms, was assessed. The outcomes were compared between dysphonic and nondysphonic patients. The association between dysphonia severity and outcomes was studied through Bayesian analysis.Results: A total of 188 patients were dysphonic, accounting for 26.8% of cases. Females developed more frequently dysphonia than males (P = 0.022). The proportion of smokers was significantly higher in the dysphonic group (P = 0.042). The prevalence of the following symptoms was higher in dysphonic patients compared with nondysphonic patients: cough, chest pain, sticky sputum, arthralgia, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. The severity of dyspnea, dysphagia, ear pain, face pain, throat pain, and nasal obstruction was higher in dysphonic group compared with nondysphonic group. There were significant associations between the severity of dysphonia, dysphagia, and cough.Conclusion: Dysphonia may be encountered in a quarter of patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and should be considered as a symptom list of the infection. Dysphonic COVID-19 patients are more symptomatic than nondysphonic individuals. Future studies are needed to investigate the relevance of dysphonia in the COVID-19 clinical presentation.
- Published
- 2022
7. Objective olfactory evaluation of self‐reported loss of smell in a case series of 86 <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 patients
- Author
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Carlos M. Chiesa-Estomba, Mohamad Khalife, Leigh J. Sowerby, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Pierre Cabaraux, Delphine Martiny, Sven Saussez, Fabrice Journe, Jerome R. Lechien, Stéphane Hans, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Charleroi, University of Western Ontario (UWO), and This study was supported by FRMH funding.
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,coronavirus ,Anosmia ,[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,Olfaction ,taste ,Betacoronavirus ,Olfaction Disorders ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID‐19 ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,smell ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Pandemics ,Psychophysical tests ,evaluation ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Special Issue ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Middle Aged ,olfactory ,3. Good health ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Objective test ,Female ,Self Report ,medicine.symptom ,Coronavirus Infections ,business ,anosmia ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,olfaction - Abstract
International audience; Objective: To investigate olfactory dysfunction (OD) in patients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through patient-reported outcome questionnaires and objective psychophysical testing. Methods: COVID-19 patients with self-reported sudden-onset OD were recruited. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected. Nasal complaints were evaluated with the sinonasal outcome-22. Subjective olfactory and gustatory status was evaluated with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Objective OD was evaluated using psychophysical tests. Results: Eighty-six patients completed the study. The most common symptoms were fatigue (72.9%), headache (60.0%), nasal obstruction (58.6%), and postnasal drip (48.6%). Total loss of smell was self-reported by 61.4% of patients. Objective olfactory testings identified 41 anosmic (47.7%), 12 hyposmic (14.0%), and 33 normosmic (38.3%) patients. There was no correlation between the objective test results and subjective reports of nasal obstruction or postnasal drip. Conclusion: A significant proportion of COVID-19 patients reporting OD do not have OD on objective testing.
- Published
- 2020
8. Correction to: Consensus Paper: Ataxic Gait
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Pierre Cabaraux, Sunil K. Agrawal, Huaying Cai, Rocco Salvatore Calabro, Carlo Casali, Loic Damm, Sarah Doss, Christophe Habas, Anja K. E. Horn, Winfried Ilg, Elan D. Louis, Hiroshi Mitoma, Vito Monaco, Maria Petracca, Alberto Ranavolo, Ashwini K. Rao, Serena Ruggieri, Tommaso Schirinzi, ·Mariano Serrao, Susanna Summa, Michael Strupp, Olivia Surgent, Matthis Synofzik, Shuai Tao, Hiroo Terasi, Diego Torres‑Russotto, Brittany Travers, Jaimie A. Roper, and Mario Manto
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Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
9. Moving from H.I.N.T.S. to H.I.N.T.S. PLUS in the Management of Acute Vestibular Syndrome
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Cindy Orinx, Quentin Mat, Sophie Tainmont, Pierre Cabaraux, and Jean-Pierre Duterme
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Otorhinolaryngology - Published
- 2022
10. Corrigendum: CSF HIV RNA Escape in Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Soraya Cherifi, Jérôme Honnorat, Remy Demeester, Arthur Poncelet, Mario Manto, and Pierre Cabaraux
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Cerebellum ,cerebellum ,business.industry ,Opsoclonus Myoclonus Ataxia ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Correction ,HIV ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,CSF escape ,opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,sinus thrombosis ,Neurology ,Immunology ,Medicine ,Sinus thrombosis ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system - Published
- 2021
11. The Three Cornerstones of Cerebellar Ataxia: Closing the Loop of 200 Years of Cerebellar Research
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Pierre Cabaraux, Jordi Gandini, and Mario Manto
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Cerebellum ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Cerebellar ataxia ,business.industry ,Motor control ,Cognition ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neuroimaging ,medicine ,Cerebellar disorder ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Neuroscience ,Neuroanatomy - Abstract
From a nosological standpoint, the terminology of cerebellar ataxia encompasses now the cerebellar motor syndrome (CMS), the vestibulo-cerebellar syndrome (VCS), and the recently described cerebellar cognitive-affective syndrome (CCAS or Schmahmann’s syndrome) (Manto M, Habas C. (2013). Le cervelet, de l’anatomie et la physiologie a la clinique humaine. Springer; Manto M, Marien P, Cerebellum & Ataxias, 2:2, 2015). After two centuries of research focusing on motor deficits, cerebellar ataxiology now extends beyond postural and gait disturbances, limb incoordination, speech motor deficits, and oculomotor deficits, gathering also deficits of cognitive/affective operations observed in Schmahmann’s syndrome (Schmahmann JD, Sherman J, Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 12:561–579, 1988; Manto M, Marien P, Cerebellum & Ataxias, 2:2, 2015). In this chapter, we review the historical background of ataxiology and current neuroanatomical, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, and clinical evidences which allow to attest the role of the cerebellum in three essential functions: the regulation of limb motor control (involved in CMS), the regulation of ocular movements (involved in VCS), and the regulation of cognitive/affective functions (involved in CCAS/Schmahmann’s syndrome). This new conceptualization of clinical ataxiology into three cornerstones has major impacts from preclinical studies to daily clinical applications in cerebellar disorders.
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- 2021
12. CSF HIV RNA Escape in Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Soraya Cherifi, Mario Manto, Pierre Cabaraux, Arthur Poncelet, Jérôme Honnorat, and Remy Demeester
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Ataxia ,cerebellum ,Case Report ,Gastroenterology ,CSF escape ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,business.industry ,HIV ,Opsoclonus ,medicine.disease ,opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome ,sinus thrombosis ,Neurology ,Gait Ataxia ,Neurology (clinical) ,Epileptic seizure ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Myoclonus ,Viral load ,Truncal ataxia - Abstract
Background: Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) infection is associated with a broad range of neurological manifestations, including opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS) occurring in primary infection, immune reconstitution syndrome or in case of opportunistic co-infection.Case: We report the exceptional case of a 43-year-old female under HIV treatment for 10 years who presented initially with suspected epileptic seizure. Although the clinical picture slightly improved under anti-epileptic treatment, it was rapidly attributed to OMAS. The patient exhibited marked opsoclonus, mild dysarthria, upper limbs intermittent myoclonus, ataxia in 4 limbs, truncal ataxia, and a severe gait ataxia (SARA score: 34). The diagnostic work-up showed radiological and biological signs of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and cerebral venous sinus thromboses. The HIV viral load was higher in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than in the blood (4,560 copies/ml vs. 76 copies/ml). She was treated for 5 days with pulsed corticotherapy. Dolutegravir and anticoagulation administration were initiated. Follow-ups at 2 and 4 months showed a dramatic improvement of clinical neurologic status (SARA score at 4 months: 1), reduction of CNS inflammation and revealed undetectable CSF and serum viral loads.Conclusion: This case underlines the importance of the evaluation of the CSF viral load in HIV patients developing OMAS and suggests CSF HIV RNA escape as a novel cause for OMAS.
- Published
- 2020
13. Dysmetria and Errors in Predictions: The Role of Internal Forward Model
- Author
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Shinji Kakei, Pierre Cabaraux, Jordi Gandini, Mario Manto, Hiroshi Mitoma, and Hirokazu Tanaka
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0301 basic medicine ,Cerebellum ,Ataxia ,cerebellum ,Cerebellar Ataxia ,Computer science ,cerebellar ataxias ,Models, Neurological ,Electromyography ,Review ,dysmetria ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,lcsh:Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Purkinje Cells ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dysmetria ,internal forward model ,medicine ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Spectroscopy ,Episodic ataxia ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Organic Chemistry ,Efference copy ,General Medicine ,prediction ,medicine.disease ,Computer Science Applications ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Dentate nucleus ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,medicine.symptom ,Motor learning ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The terminology of cerebellar dysmetria embraces a ubiquitous symptom in motor deficits, oculomotor symptoms, and cognitive/emotional symptoms occurring in cerebellar ataxias. Patients with episodic ataxia exhibit recurrent episodes of ataxia, including motor dysmetria. Despite the consensus that cerebellar dysmetria is a cardinal symptom, there is still no agreement on its pathophysiological mechanisms to date since its first clinical description by Babinski. We argue that impairment in the predictive computation for voluntary movements explains a range of characteristics accompanied by dysmetria. Within this framework, the cerebellum acquires and maintains an internal forward model, which predicts current and future states of the body by integrating an estimate of the previous state and a given efference copy of motor commands. Two of our recent studies experimentally support the internal-forward-model hypothesis of the cerebellar circuitry. First, the cerebellar outputs (firing rates of dentate nucleus cells) contain predictive information for the future cerebellar inputs (firing rates of mossy fibers). Second, a component of movement kinematics is predictive for target motions in control subjects. In cerebellar patients, the predictive component lags behind a target motion and is compensated with a feedback component. Furthermore, a clinical analysis has examined kinematic and electromyography (EMG) features using a task of elbow flexion goal-directed movements, which mimics the finger-to-nose test. Consistent with the hypothesis of the internal forward model, the predictive activations in the triceps muscles are impaired, and the impaired predictive activations result in hypermetria (overshoot). Dysmetria stems from deficits in the predictive computation of the internal forward model in the cerebellum. Errors in this fundamental mechanism result in undershoot (hypometria) and overshoot during voluntary motor actions. The predictive computation of the forward model affords error-based motor learning, coordination of multiple degrees of freedom, and adequate timing of muscle activities. Both the timing and synergy theory fit with the internal forward model, microzones being the elemental computational unit, and the anatomical organization of converging inputs to the Purkinje neurons providing them the unique property of a perceptron in the brain. We propose that motor dysmetria observed in attacks of ataxia occurs as a result of impaired predictive computation of the internal forward model in the cerebellum.
- Published
- 2020
14. Psychophysical Olfactory Tests and Detection of COVID-19 in Patients With Sudden Onset Olfactory Dysfunction: A Prospective Study
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Maria Rosaria Barillari, Jerome R. Lechien, Mohamad Khalife, Claire Hopkins, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Delphine Martiny, Jan Plzak, Stéphane Hans, Pierre Cabaraux, Sven Saussez, Carlos M. Chiesa-Estomba, Lechien, J. R., Cabaraux, P., Chiesa-Estomba, C. M., Khalife, M., Plzak, J., Hans, S., Martiny, D., Calvo-Henriquez, C., Barillari, M. R., Hopkins, C., Saussez, S., Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), CHU Saint-Pierre, Université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Charleroi, Donostia Hospital Universitario San Sebastian, University Hospital Motol [Prague], Université de Mons (UMons), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela [Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle, Espagne] (CHUS), University of Naples SUN, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, and The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Received financial support from the University of Mons (UMONS) as well as FRMH grant.
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Male ,Pathology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Olfaction Disorders ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID-19 Testing ,Belgium ,psychophysical olfactory evaluation ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Prospective cohort study ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Nasal Obstruction ,Coronavirus Infections ,Adult ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Anosmia ,RT-PCR ,Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System ,Dysgeusia ,olfactory dysfunction ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,Young Adult ,Physical Stimulation ,Humans ,In patient ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Pandemics ,Aged ,business.industry ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Case-control study ,COVID-19 ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Case-Control Studies ,Odorants ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,anosmia ,Sudden onset - Abstract
Objective: To investigate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) status of patients with initial sudden olfactory anosmia (ISOA) through nasopharyngeal swabs for reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and to explore their olfactory dysfunctions with psychophysical olfactory evaluation. Methods: A total of 78 ISOA patients were recruited from April 6, 2020, to April 10, 2020, through a public call of University of Mons (Mons, Belgium). Patients benefited from nasopharyngeal swabs and fulfilled the patient-reported outcome questionnaire. Among them, 46 patients performed psychophysical olfactory evaluation using olfactory identification testing. Based on the duration of the ISOA, 2 groups of patients were compared: patients with olfactory dysfunction duration ≤12 days (group 1) and those with duration >12 days (group 2). Results: In group 1, 42 patients (87.5%) had a positive viral load determined by RT-PCR and 6 patients (12.5%) were negative. In group 2, 7 patients (23%) had a positive viral load and 23 patients (77%) were negative. The psychophysical olfactory evaluation reported that anosmia and hyposmia occurred in 24 (52%) and 11 (24%) patients, respectively. Eleven patients were normosmic. The viral load was significantly higher in patients of group 1 compared with those of group 2. Conclusions: Coronavirus disease 2019 was detected in a high proportion of ISOA patients, especially over the first 12 days of olfactory dysfunction. Anosmia is an important symptom to consider in the detection of COVID-19 infection.
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- 2020
15. Objective Olfactory Evaluation of Self-reported Loss of Smell in a Case Series of 86 COVID-19 Patients
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Pierre Cabaraux, Delphine Martiny, Leigh J. Sowerby, Sven Saussez, Stéphane Hans, Fabrice Journe, Mohamad Khalife, Carlos M. Chiesa-Estomba, Jerome R. Lechien, and Christian Calvo-Henriquez
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Psychophysical tests ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ,business.industry ,Epidemiology ,Objective test ,Medicine ,In patient ,Postnasal drip ,business - Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate olfactory dysfunction (OD) in patients with mild COVID-19 through patient-reported outcome questionnaires and objective psychophysical testing.MethodsCOVID-19 patients with self-reported sudden-onset OD were recruited. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected. Nasal complaints were evaluated with the sino-nasal outcome-22 (SNOT-22). Subjective olfactory and gustatory status was evaluated with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHNES). Objective OD was evaluated using psychophysical tests.ResultsEighty-six patients completed the study. The most common symptoms were fatigue (72.9%), headache (60.0%), nasal obstruction (58.6%) and postnasal drip (48.6%). Total loss of smell was self-reported by 61.4% of patients. Objective olfactory testings identified 41 anosmic (47.7%), 12 hyposmic (14.0%), and 33 normosmic (38.3%) patients. There was no correlation between the objective test results and subjective reports of nasal obstruction or postnasal drip.ConclusionA significant proportion of COVID-19 patients reporting OD do not have OD on objective testing.
- Published
- 2020
16. Psychophysical Olfactory Findings of Mild-to-moderate COVID-19 Patients: Preliminary Report
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Delphine Martiny, Jerome R. Lechien, Mohamad Khalife, Carlos M. Chiesa-Estomba, Sven Saussez, Stéphane Hans, and Pierre Cabaraux
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Hyposmia ,Preliminary report ,Anosmia ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Since the onset of the COVID-19 infection, many patients reported sudden loss of smell (SLS). However, due to the lack of psychophysical testings, it remains difficult to know if these patients really have hyposmia or anosmia. Our group investigated the prevalence of anosmia and hyposmia in 28 COVID-19 patients and the potential association with nasal complaints.
- Published
- 2020
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- View/download PDF
17. Objective olfactory testing in patients presenting with sudden onset olfactory dysfunction as the first manifestation of confirmed COVID-19 infection
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Delphine Martiny, Mohamad Khalife, Jerome R. Lechien, Carlos M. Chiesa-Estomba, Jan Plzak, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Sven Saussez, Stéphane Hans, Claire Hopkins, and Pierre Cabaraux
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Anosmia ,Hyposmia ,Sniffing ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,In patient ,medicine.symptom ,Prospective cohort study ,business ,Viral load ,Sudden onset - Abstract
BackgroundThe aims of this study are to investigate the COVID-19 status of patients with initial sudden olfactory anosmia (ISOA) using nasopharyngeal swabs for RT-PCR analysis and to explore their olfactory dysfunctions with psychophysical olfactory evaluation.MethodologyThis prospective study included 78 ISOA patients who fulfilled a patient-reported outcome questionnaire and underwent a nasopharyngeal swabs. Among these, 46 patients performed psychophysical olfactory evaluation using sniffing tests. Based on the duration of the ISOA, two groups of patients were compared: patients with anosmia duration ≤12 days (group 1) and those with duration >12 days (group 2).ResultsAmong group 1, 42 patients (87.5%) had a positive viral load regarding RT-PCR while 6 patients (12.5%) were negative. In group 2, 7 patients (23%) had a positive viral load and 23 patients (77%) were negative. Among the 46 patients having performed a psychophysical olfactory evaluation, we observed anosmia in 52% (N=24), hyposmia in 24% (N=11) and normosmia in 24% (N=11) of patients. The viral load significantly decreased throughout the 14-days following the onset of the olfactory disorder.ConclusionsOur results support that a high proportion of ISOA patients are Covid+. Our study supports the need to add anosmia to the list of symptoms used in screening tools for possible COVID-19 infection.
- Published
- 2020
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