1. Utility of iPhone-Based Pupillometry in Comparing Pupillary Dynamics Between Sport Concussed Subjects With Photosensitivity and Healthy Controls.
- Author
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Dutta P
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Young Adult, Smartphone, Photosensitivity Disorders physiopathology, Photosensitivity Disorders diagnosis, Photosensitivity Disorders etiology, Reflex, Pupillary physiology, Pupil physiology, Brain Concussion physiopathology, Brain Concussion diagnosis, Athletic Injuries physiopathology, Athletic Injuries diagnosis, Athletic Injuries complications
- Abstract
Background: To compare the pupillary dynamics using an iPhone-based pupillometry technique in subjects with sports concussion with photosensitivity and aged-matched controls., Methods: Fifty subjects with sports concussion were compared with 50 aged-matched healthy controls. Athletes with persistent concussive symptoms for 1 year or more after the initial injury were included. All the subjects underwent a Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) administration followed by pupillary dynamics measurement using an iPhone-based application (Reflex-Pro PLR analyzer)., Results: The mean age was 27 ± 4 years in the concussed group and 26 ± 5 years in the control group. In subjects with concussion, there was a significant decrease in the mean of the following parameters: average constriction speed (1.10 ± 0.15 vs 1.78 ± 0.12 mm/s; P < 0.001), maximum constriction speed (2.05 ± 0.26 vs 3.84 ± 0.28 mm/s; P < 0.001), average diameter (3.64 ± 0.12 vs 0.36 ± 0.05 mm; P < 0.001), maximum diameter (4.75 ± 0.17 vs 5.23 ± 0.16 mm; P < 0.001), and minimum diameter (2.75 ± 0.17 vs 3.64 ± 0.11 mm; P < 0.001). An increase in the following parameters was noted in concussion vs age-matched controls: dilation release amplitude (0.54 ± 0.96 vs 0.36 ± 0.05 mm; P < 0.001) and latency (0.25 ± 0.05 vs 0.21 ± 0.02 s; P < 0.001). Subjects with concussion with photosensitivity exhibited increased dilation release amplitudes ( P < 0.001)., Conclusions: Individuals with sport concussion had impairment in pupillary constriction velocities, latency, and diameter in more than 1 year after concussion. The increase in dilation release amplitude among subjects with concussion might serve as a biomarker in diagnosing the underlying symptom of photosensitivity. The iPhone-based pupillometry could serve as a convenient and diagnostic tool in diagnosing these symptoms., Competing Interests: The author declare no conflict of interest, (Copyright © 2024 by North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society.)
- Published
- 2024
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