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BackgroundOver the past decade, Türkiye has experienced an increasing influx of international students, particularly from various Arab countries. The significant number of Arab international university students has prompted researchers to pay more attention to the experiences of this population in the country. This study examined the adjustment problems experienced by Arab female international university students in Türkiye.MethodThe research has a mixed methods design and includes both quantitative and qualitative studies. In the quantitative study, the International Students Adjustment Scale (ISAS) was used with 373 participants to examine the challenges in which dimensions of adjustment (academic, sociocultural, or personal) were more challenging for the study group. In the qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 Arab female international university students to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences in the domain that is found the issues are more profound.ResultsData from the quantitative study revealed that these students experienced similar challenges in each dimension of adjustment; however, problems in the sociocultural domain were much more profound. In line with the quantitative study, the interview questions of the qualitative study were prepared to explore the sociocultural domain and included the pre-arrival expectations, the post-arrival adjustment challenges, and the coping strategies of the study group. The Results of the qualitative study showed that although their prearrival expectations were almost met, they encountered various problems, ranging from cultural differences in daily activities to discrimination. It was also found that many of them were reluctant to ask for help, and to cope with adjustment problems, they usually used maladaptive or dysfunctional coping strategies such as avoidance and isolation.DiscussionThe findings of the quantitative study are in line with the previous studies that the overall adjustment of international students is influenced by different domains that are broadly academic, sociocultural, and personal. Among them, the sociocultural domain is found as the one in the study population that encounters more challenges. The results of the qualitative study support the findings of previous studies related to prearrival expectancies, provide more understanding of adjustment challenges and bring more information about adopted coping strategies.

Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) have a higher risk for socioemotional problems. The current study aims to identify the socioemotional developmental pattern and its predictors across childhood and adolescence in individuals with NF1 and PNs. Participants included 88 children with NF1 and PNs (aged 6–18 years old, M = 12.05, SD = 3.62, 57% male) in a natural history study. Neuropsychological assessments were administered three times over six years. There are large variabilities in socioemotional development in the study participants. Developmental patterns varied across socioemotional domains, respondent type (parent-report [PR] vs. child-report [CR]), demographic factors, and NF1 disease-related factors. For instance, lower parental education was associated with a greater decline in internalizing problems (PR) but a greater increase in school disconnectedness (CR) over time. Non-White (vs. White) children were more likely to experience increased adaptive skills (PR) but decreased personal adjustment (CR). Children with more visible tumors experienced a greater decrease in school disconnectedness (CR). Children with more NF1 complications experienced a greater decrease in externalizing problems (PR). These findings indicate the necessity of using multi-informants and investigating subdomains of socioemotional functions. They also highlight the importance of developing individualized approaches to patient care and interventions.

This study examines the relationship between parenting styles (authoritarian, indulgent, authoritative, and neglectful) and its relations with personal and social adjustment beyond adolescence. Par...

Objectives This study aimed to understand the relationship between resource gains and losses, coping, and the quality of life during the growth phase of the COVID‑19 pandemic. Material and Methods The Internet-based survey covered 353 individuals who had participated in a psychological support project operated by one of the non-governmental organizations in Lublin, Poland, in the 12 months prior to the outbreak of the pandemic. The questionnaire used in the study contained questions to collect sociodemographic data and psychometric scales to measure resource gains and losses (the Conservation of Resources – Evaluation questionnaire), the quality of life (the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF ), and strategies of coping with the pandemic situation (a modified Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced questionnaire). Results A higher global quality of life occurred with higher gains and minor losses, as well as with coping through planning, positive reframing, emotional support seeking, a reduced substance use tendency, low self-blame, avoidance, and disengagement. Moreover, helplessness-based coping strategies were found to mediate both the relationships between resource gains and the quality of life, and between resource losses and the quality of life. Conclusions Factors that may reduce people’s quality of life during the COVID‑19 pandemic are an increase in losses and limited gains, experienced over the 6 months preceding the pandemic, as well as not using active, meaning-oriented, and support-seeking coping strategies, but using avoidance behaviors instead. Coping strategies specific to people experiencing helplessness are a mediating mechanism between losses and limited gains of resources, and the quality of life. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2021;34(2):275–87

The religious dimension of life represents an important source of human strength, meaning, and coping for many people. However, the religious life is not always “smooth and easy” and can be associated with weak personal adjustment, poorer psychological well-being, and lower satisfaction. Yet, besides the direct relationship between these variables, some researchers postulate the existence of an indirect association that has not been fully explained by various psychosocial mediators. The aim of the present study was to verify whether self-esteem could be a potential mediator between religious strain and life satisfaction. The sample consisted of 607 adult Christians (49.6% women) aged between 18 and 79. We used the Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Consistent with our hypotheses, life satisfaction positively correlated with religious comfort and was negatively associated with fear/guilt, negative emotions toward God, and negative social interactions surrounding religion. The same pattern of results was shown in the case of self-esteem. Moreover, the outcomes obtained from bootstrap sampling (5000) with a 95% confidence interval indicated a significant role of self-esteem as a mediator in all of the relationships between: (1) religious comfort and life satisfaction; (2) fear/guilt and life satisfaction; (3) negative emotions toward God and life satisfaction; and (4) negative social interactions surrounding religion and life satisfaction.

المستخلص: هدف المقال الحالي إلى دراسة الخصائص السيکومترية لمقياس التنافر المعرفي لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية, وللتحقق من ذلک, تم تطبيق المقياس على عينة قوامها 200 معلما من معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية, وقد تم التأکد من صدق المقياس من خلال التحليل العاملي الاستکشافي الذى اسفر عن استخراج خمسة عوامل هم (بعد العمل, البعد الاجتماعي ,بعد التکيف الشخصي , البعد العاطفي , بعد التطوير والاستمرارية), وتم التحقق من نتائج التحليل العاملي الاستکشافي من خلال إجراء التحليل العاملي التوکيدي على بيانات عينة استطلاعية قوامها 200 معلما من معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية, وأظهر نتائج التحليل أن مؤشرات المطابقة حققت مطابقة جيدة لمقياس التنافر المعرفي القائم على منتج التحليل العاملي الاستکشافي,وللتأکد من ثبات المقياس تم حساب معامل الفا کرونباخوتراوحت قيم معاملات الفا لأبعاد المقياس ما بين (734.-890.) بثبات کلى (894.), وحساب معامل سبرمان- براون للتجزئة النصفية يساوى (0.843) والذي أظهر معامل ثبات عال للمقياس. الکلمات المفتاحية: التنافر المعرفي, نتائج المقياس. The psychometric properties of cognitive dissonancescale among the teachers of the primary stage Magda Mohamed Ali Ahmed PhD Scholar at Department of Education Principles Qena Faculty of Education, South Valley University Abstract: The aim of the present article to study the psychometric properties of cognitive dissonancescale among the teachers of the primary stage,to verify this the scale was applied to a survey sample of 200 teachers of the primary stage, the validity of the scale was confirmed through the exploratory factor analysis that resulted in the extraction of five factorsthey(the work dimension, personal adjustment dimension, social dimension, emotional dimension, development and continuity dimension) theexploratory factor analysis results was verified by Procedure confirmatory factor analysis to a sample of 200 teachers of the primary stage, the analysis showed that fit index achieved a good fit for the cognitive dissonance scale based on the exploratory factor analysis product,to ensure the the reliability of the scale it was account Cronbach's Alphathe values of the Alpha coefficients for the scale dimensions ranged between (.734- .890.), with total reliability (.894), and account the Spearman-Brown coefficient for the split-half equal to (.843), it showed a high reliability coefficient for the scale. Keywords: Cognitive dissonance, The results of the scale

COVID19 has transformed the worldwide education norms of teaching and learning The customary face-to-face method is currently being substitute with online webinars such as Webex and its counterparts A survey has been conducted to investigate the experience of online learning among postgraduate in Malaysia The survey is divided into two categories of issues related to online teaching and learning and time spent on activities during the Movement Control Order (MCO) Thematic analysis is employed to analyse the data pattern Three main themes on online learning experience had emerged, namely IT facilities, learning engagement and personal adjustment This survey also investigates the type of activities pursued during the Movement Control Order (MCO) and found that all the participants spent their time to complete assignments as well as highly video streaming especially from the youtube channel Though online teaching and learning received a positive response, most students still prefer the face-to-face method compare to fully adopting the online method of teaching and learning © 2020, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc All rights reserved

Aim Poorer physical and mental health often accompany loss of walking in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This study assessed the impacts of powered wheelchair standing device (PWSD) use on muscle and joint pain, joint angles when standing and mental health in adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Methods Fourteen adolescents and parents participated in a stepped wedge design study over 12 months. During a baseline and intervention period, adolescents described pain and mental health, and parents reported their child's mental health. Video data were collected to measure hip, knee and ankle joint angles in the preferred standing position. Results Compared with baseline and adjusting for covariates, standing wheelchair use was associated with no change in muscle or joint pain or videoed joint angles in standing. Child-reported Strengths and Difficulties total scores decreased (coefficient -3.1, 95% confidence interval -4.6, -1.5); and parent-reported Personal Adjustment and Role Skills Scale total scores increased (coefficient 7.9, 95% confidence interval 3.3-12.5). Conclusions PWSD use was associated with maintenance of musculoskeletal status and advantages to mental health. Long-term observations are necessary to improve understanding of how to support wellbeing in adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

The purpose of the study isto assess the level of emotional intelligence (EI) and Job Satisfaction (JS) among high school teachers of private schools in Hyderabad.The survey method was used to collect primary data from a sample of 221 teachers from selected private schools in Warasiguda, Musheerabad, Chilkalguda, Ambernagar and Ramnagar areas of Hyderabad. The standardized scales adopted for measuring the emotional intelligence (Sungouh, 2006) and job satisfaction (Pestonjee , 2002) comprise 20-item level of EI based on a five-point rating system of 1 to 5, and 80-item on-the job and off-the-job factors of JS respectively. The reliability and validity of both the scales are within the acceptable norms. The findings establish that school teachers had moderate levels of job satisfaction and emotional intelligence. Even though emotional intelligence has a significant impact on job-related aspects of job satisfaction, it has no impact on the management, personal adjustment and social relation aspects of job satisfaction. Nevertheless, the overall result shows thatthere is a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among teachers in executing their jobs in the private high schools surveyed.

This study aims to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and internet addiction. The hypothesis proposed in research is there any negative correlation between emotional intelligence with internet addiction on teenagers in internet café of Kelurahan Sekip Medan, assuming that the higher emotional intelligence, the lower the internet addiction, and vice versa. The subjects of this study were 114 teenagers in internet café of Kelurahan Sekip Medan. This research used emotional intelligence and internet addiction scale. Product Moment (Pearson Correlation) was used to analyze the correlation between two variable using SPSS 20 for windows. The results of the data analysis showed that the correlation coefficient was -0,737 with a significance value of 0.000 (p

This study aims to determine the relationship between social comparison and body dissatisfaction of adolescent. The hypothesis proposed in this research is there any positive correlation between social comparison and body dissatisfaction of senior high school student in SMA Pangeran Antasari Medan, assuming that the higher body dissatisfaction, the higher the social comparison, and vice versa. The sample of this research is as many as 165 students. This research used body dissatisfaction and social comparison scale. Product Moment (Pearson Correlation) was used to analyze the correlation between two variables using SPSS 20 for windows. The results of the data analysis showed that the correlation coefficient was 0,308 with a significance value of 0.000 (p

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى التعرف على الفروق في التوافق النفسي بين طالبات الإقامة الداخلية والإقامة الخارجية بجامعة الأميرة نورة بنت عبد الرحمن، وذلک من خلال مسح ميداني لطالبات جامعة الأميرة نورة بنت عبد الرحمن المقيمات بالسکن الجامعي، والمقيمات بسکن خارجي وتم استخدام مقياس التوافق النفسي ( إعداد الباحثة)، على عينة عشوائية طبقية بلغت 383 طالبة موزعة کالتالي: (148) طالبة إقامة داخلية، و(235) طالبة إقامة خارجية ، وأشارت نتائج الدراسة الميدانية إلى أن الفروق في متوسطات مستوى التوافق النفسي لدى طالبات الإقامة الخارجية في جامعة الأميرة نورة تبعا لمتغير عدد سنوات الدراسة على بعد التوافق الشخصي أن الفروق کانت بين الطالبات اللاتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (سنة واحدة) وبين الطالبات اللاتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (ثلاث سنوات) لصالح الطالبات اللاتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (سنة واحدة)، وکانت على بعد التوافق الانفعالي والدرجة الکلية للتوافق النفسي بين الطالبات اللاتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (سنة واحدة) وبين الطالبات اللواتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (سنتين، وثلاثة سنوات، وأکثر من ثلاث سنوات) لصالح الطالبات اللواتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (سنة واحدة)، بينما کانت المقارنات لدى طالبات الإقامة الخارجية على متوسطات بعد التوافق الانفعالي تبعا لمتغير عدد سنوات الدراسة بين الطالبات اللاتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (سنة واحدة) وبين الطالبات اللاتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (أکثر من ثلاث سنوات) لصالح الطالبات اللاتي مدة التحاقهن بالجامعة (أکثر من ثلاث سنوات) This study aims to identify differences in level of psychological adjustment between internal residency and external residence students at Princess Nora Bent Abdul Rahman University, Through a field survey of female students of Princess Noura Bint Abdul Rahman University residing in university housing, and residents living outside, The scale of psychological adjustment was used (Researcher preparation) on a random sample of 383 students distributed as follows: (148) students of internal residence and (235) external students . The results of the field study indicated according to the variable number of years of study after personal adjustment that the differences were between students who were enrolled in university (one year) and the students who were enrolled in the university (three years) for students who have been enrolled in the university (one year), It was emotional adjustment and total degree of psychological adjustment between the students who were enrolled in the university (one year) and students who have been enrolled in the university (two years, three years and more than three years) for students who have been enrolled in university (one year) , While comparisons were made with students of external residence on the averages after emotional compatibility according to the variable number of years of study between students who were enrolled in university (one year) and the students who were enrolled in university ( more than three years) for students who have been enrolled in the university (more than three years) .

University or College years seem to be a stressful time for students due to many challenges: academic, personal adjustment to a new life, and socially building new friendships. Life satisfaction is considered one of the basic components of psychological well-being. Studies have supported that lower levels of life satisfaction have been related to high levels of anxiety. Also the constructs of assertiveness and empathy seem to be related with life satisfaction. The present study compares 1st and 4th-year undergraduate students in relation to variables such as life satisfaction (The Life Satisfaction Index), stress, (STAI) assertiveness (Rathus Assertiveness Schedule) and empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)). The participants were in total 410, 1st year (N = 205) and 4th year (N = 205) undergraduate students. All findings are discussed in detail; some main results showed that: 1) Independently of sex students had similar anxiety levels; life satisfaction was significantly higher among those with low state anxiety but not with low trait anxiety; 2) Trait anxiety score analysis revealed nonsignificant results; 3) Young women are more life satisfied compared to young men among 1st year students; 4) The percent of students with high life satisfaction is significantly higher among those that grew up in urban and semi-urban regions compared to those that grew up in other regions. The findings of the present study emphasize the need to explore ways to help undergraduate students to adjust during their academic years and life at the University.

This article advances the debate about costs and benefits of self-enhancement (the tendency to maintain unrealistically positive self-views) with a comprehensive meta-analytic review (299 samples, N = 126,916). The review considers relations between self-enhancement and personal adjustment (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, depression), and between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment (informant reports of domain-general social valuation, agency, communion). Self-enhancement was positively related to personal adjustment, and this relation was robust across sex, age, cohort, and culture. Important from a causal perspective, self-enhancement had a positive longitudinal effect on personal adjustment. The relation between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment was nuanced. Self-enhancement was positively related to domain-general social valuation at 0, but not long, acquaintance. Communal self-enhancement was positively linked to informant judgments of communion, whereas agentic self-enhancement was linked positively to agency but negatively to communion. Overall, the results suggest that self-enhancement is beneficial for personal adjustment but a mixed blessing for interpersonal adjustment.

The term emotional quotion is relatively new in psychology and it is assumed to play significant role in daily life. This research finds out that emotional intelligence can be used as predictor for personal adjustment and behavorial delinquent in adolescent. The finding of this study shows that: first, emotional intelligence and requirements for adolescents in Yogyakarta City are relatively low, while the tendency to behave delinquently is relatively high. Second, there is a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and negative relationships with delinquency behavior. Third, there is no significant difference between male and female teenagers in terms of emotional and individual intelligence, but there are problems in delinquency behavior, women who do higher to behave delinquently if the opposite is with men.

Resumen. Objetivo. Estudiar las relaciones entre variables de ajuste personal y las conductas disruptivas en un grupo de 136 alumnos y alumnas de primaria de entre 9 y 12 años. Método. Estudio de campo observacional, de metodología no experimental y transversal. Se utilizaron varios cuestionarios para medir la autoestima, la personalidad, el estrés y las competencias emocionales de los y las estudiantes, así como un cuestionario ad hoc elaborado para el registro de las conductas disruptivas. Resultados. Los resultados indican relaciones significativas positivas entre conductas disruptivas y estrés escolar, así como negativas con autoestima, estabilidad, competencia y comprensión emocional. Las diferencias son significativas según el género, manifestándose las conductas inadecuadas en menor medida en el caso de las niñas. Abstract. Objective. This study analyses the relationships between personal adjustment and disruptive behaviors in a group of 136 primary school students between the ages of 9 and 12. Method. This field observation study used a non-experimental, cross-sectional methodology. Several questionnaires were used to measure students’ self-esteem, personality, stress, and emotional competencies. Moreover, an ad hoc questionnaire was created to record disruptive behaviors. Results. The results indicate significant positive relationships between disruptive behaviors and school stress, as well as negative ones with self-esteem, stability, competence, and emotional understanding. The differences are significant according to gender, with inappropriate behaviors manifesting to a lesser extent in the case of girls.

The purpose of this study was to compare whole factors of emotional and behavioral problems between children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and investigate the interrelationship between motor coordination skills and emotional and behavioral problems among the children. As a result of screening participants (288 children) based on DSM-5 standard, participants were classified as DCD and typically developing (TD) groups. A total of 60 children (mean age: 8.8 years &plusmn, 3.5 months, DCD group n = 30, TD group n = 30) were assessed using the Korean Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition for emotional and behavioral problems. Children with DCD showed significantly poor scores in internalizing problems (p = 0.009), inattention/hyperactivity (p = 0.004), and emotional symptoms index (p = 0.001) among the criteria of emotional problems and in personal adjustment (p = 0.000) among the criteria of behavioral problems. The MABC-2 composite percentile score of participants showed a significant correlation with internalizing problem behavior (r = &minus, 0.382, p = 0.003), inattention / hyperactivity disorder (r = &minus, 0.409, p = 0.001), emotional symptoms index (r = &minus, 0.483, p = 0.000), and personal adjustment (r = 0.474, p &lt, 0.01). Our results validated that children with DCD have more emotional and behavioral difficulties than TD children. Our results revealed that the motor coordination skills have correlated with emotional and behavioral difficulties among children.

Birleşik harekât kavramı geçmişten günümüze ortak çıkarlar uğruna hareket etmeyi kapsamakla birlikte modern anlamda çok uluslu operasyonları ifade etmektedir. Bu çerçevede Türk askerî personelinin katılmış olduğu iki birleşik harekât olan Birinci Dünya Harbi ve Kore Harbi incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Türk askerî tarihi açısından bu harplerden elde edilen tecrübelere bakılarak dersler çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Böylelikle ileride yapılacak olan birleşik harekât kapsamındaki çok uluslu operasyonların daha uyumlu ve düzgün bir şekilde işlemesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma daha ziyade hatıralar üzerinden ilerlemekte olup konu alınan harplerin teferruatlı anlatımına girilmemiştir. Buradaki maksat hatıralar eşliğinde işlenen harekâtın detaylarına inilerek personel temelinde bir inceleme yapmaktır. Çalışmada harp ve harekâta değinmeden önce ilk olarak birleşik harekât kavramının ne olduğu güncel talimnameler ışığında aktarılmıştır. Böylelikle harp ve harekâtın anlatımı esnasında ne gibi kazanımlar yaşanıldığının anlaşılması sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır.İlerleyen bölümlerde de Kanal Harekâtı ve Kore Harbi'ne değinilerek Türk askerî personeli tarafından icra edilen birleşik harekât ele alınmıştır. Bu harekâtlar neticesinde elde edilen tecrübeler de `Alınan Dersler` başlığı altında irdelenmiştir. Bunun yanında iki harekât arasında ne gibi benzerlikler olduğuna ve de ne gibi hataların tekerrür ettiğine değinilmiştir. Bunlar yapılırken burada asıl odaklanılan konu askerî alanda yaşanan hadiseler olmuştur. Ancak askerî alanın yanında siyasi arenada yaşanan hadise ve tecrübelere de yer verilmiştir. Böylelikle siyasi hamlelerin askerî sahada ne derece etkili olabildikleri gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Nihai olarak da edinilen tecrübeler neticesinde harekât öncesinde ne gibi hazırlıkların ve planlamaların gerektiği belirtilerek daha iyi bir harekâtın icra edilebilmesi açısından değerlendirilmelerde bulunulmuştur. Bu ve bunun gibi çalışmaların askerî ve siyasi anlamda kapsayıcılığının artırılarak ilerleyen zaman zarfında Türk askerî personelini birleşik harekât açısından daha ileriye götürebileceğine de değinilmiştir. Concept of `multinational operations` meant fight together for common interest in the past. In modern days, it involves the meaning that fight together with multi nations in one operation. In this frame, two multinational operations which Turkish military personnel were participated examined. These two operations are First World War and the Korean War. Some lessons were taken from the experiences which learnt from these wars by Turkish military personnel. Thus, it is purposed to being more compatible and smooth multinational operations can be organized in future. This thesis is more like based on memories and it is avoided to give operational details in article. The purpose here is to examine the personal relationship with details between multi-cultural personnel's base in these multinational operations. Before the wars and operations are told, the concept of multinational operation was expressed in the light of United States' and NATO's actual field manuals. Hereby, it is tried to ensure that what kind of earnings are learnt by these multinational operations in article's further chapters.In further chapters, the multinational operations which are Suez Canal operation and Korean War operated by Turkish military personnel are handed. Circumstances of these operations, the experiences that received have been examined under the title of `Lessons Learnt`. Besides, what kind of similarities and mistakes between these operations are also be touched. By the way, the real focusing subject is events in military base. However, the events and experience in the political area also processed with military area. Thus, it is tried to show that how political moves effect to military field. Finally, after all experiences taken what kind of preparation and planning should be needed before actual operation is cleared and the evaluations which can cause a better multinational operation is explained. This and kind of this studies can move Turkish military personnel forward on multinational operations in future with rising the interest of military and political area. 219

The article looks into the issue of social adaptation and personal adjustment of people with disabilities through their active participation in regular classes of adaptive exercise therapy. Based on state statistics, scientific publications analysis and research work a hypothesis was put forward that there is an additional factor that plays a significant role in the family upbringing scheme and helps to foster interest in adaptive exercise therapy and adaptive sports among intellectually impaired children. The purpose of the study was to identify a factor or group of factors in the family upbringing scheme which are relevant to methodology of arranging PE and sports events for children with intellectual disabilities. The sample group consisted of women whose children, including those with intellectual disabilities, attended sports schools in Russia. Among the methods applied during the study there were psychodiagnostic methods of written and oral interviews, questionnaires. The results of the procedures of statistical and factor analysis revealed destructive aspects in the field of child-parent relationship as well as interpersonal relationship. The family dysfunctions correction will make it possible to apply integrative technologies in organizing sports and recreational events for families where children with intellectual disabilities are brought up.

Previous studies have shown that the presence of age-based stereotypes in the workplace is often associated with lower levels of work engagement and adjustment among older employees. This study examines possible mediators and moderators of this relationship using data from a sample of 2,348 older (age > 50) employees at the Italian national rail company. We test a model in which the effects of age-based stereotype threat on organizational involvement, future time perspective and psychological well-being are mediated by work-age identity integration (how much individuals see their age and organizational identities as compatible and blended). Secondly, we explored whether these effects are moderated by gender and job status. Results indicate that age-based stereotypes are associated with negative outcomes for employees’ work and personal adjustment, and that these relationships are partially mediated by variations in work-age identity integration.

Adaptive theory of thermal comfort suggests that people tend to adjust themselves or their environment to achieve thermally comfortable conditions whenever discomfort conditions occurred. In this work, a high-rise residential building was selected to investigate the residents’ adaptive behaviour in the hot humid climate in Malaysia. The objectives are to investigate residents’ preference to use the available adaptive opportunities to achieve thermal comfort, the daily use of the climatic controls and the reasons that influence this usage. A questionnaire survey was distributed to investigate residents’ personal adjustment as well as modifying the indoor thermal environment. The results showed that residents prefer to control their climate conditions using fans and opening windows prior to performing personal adjustment that involves thermoregulation of their bodies. However, when these actions fail to please them, switching on the air-conditioners might be the last choice. In terms of climatic controls, using fans and opening windows were higher in the morning and evening, while they dropped with an increase of the air-conditioners usage during the noontime. In addition, residents find the use of fans and opening windows are enough to be comfortable. Nevertheless, they prefer the availability of air-conditioners for extreme thermal conditions. These findings prove that proper buildings’ design with appropriate passive techniques can provide thermally comfortable conditions without the needs for mechanical conditioning.

Being an academic entity, universities offer a distinct environment with different missions and work tasks as compared to business organizations. Thus far only a minimal amount of investigation has embarked on self-initiated expatriates in the academic field. Therefore, the main aim of the research is to investigate the adjustment of this group of expatriates by focusing on the relationships between multicultural personality skills and the academic expatriates’ personal, professional and social adjustment by utilizing the multicultural personality scale (MPQ). The MPQ consists of five dimensions - cultural empathy, open-mindedness, social initiative, emotional stability and flexibility. Besides MPQ constructs, the study also examines the relationship between language ability and the expatriates’ personal, social and professional adjustment. One-hundred and one questionnaires were distributed to self-initiated academic expatriates (N=101) attached to various academic departments in UUM. Results revealed that open-mindedness and flexibility are significantly related to the expatriates’ personal adjustment, while cultural empathy, emotional stability and flexibility are significantly related to social adjustment. Flexibility is the only dimension of MPQ that predicts academic expatriates’ professional adjustment. Language skills on the other hand, do not show any significant relationship with all three types of adjustments. Apart from the results, the discussions and limitations of the study are also presented in the paper. Keywords: Cross-cultural adjustment , expatriate adjustment, organizational expatriates, self-initiated academic expatriates, multicultural personality questionnaire.

This article advances the debate about costs and benefits of self-enhancement (the tendency to maintain unrealistically positive self-views) with a comprehensive meta-analytic review (299 samples, N = 126,916). The review considers relations between self-enhancement and personal adjustment (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, depression), and between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment (informant reports of domain-general social valuation, agency, communion). Self-enhancement was positively related to personal adjustment, and this relation was robust across sex, age, cohort, and culture. Important from a causal perspective, self-enhancement had a positive longitudinal effect on personal adjustment. The relation between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment was nuanced. Self-enhancement was positively related to domain-general social valuation at 0, but not long, acquaintance. Communal self-enhancement was positively linked to informant judgments of communion, whereas agentic self-enhancement was linked positively to agency but negatively to communion. Overall, the results suggest that self-enhancement is beneficial for personal adjustment but a mixed blessing for interpersonal adjustment.

Adjustment to the first year of university involves engaging with the university culture and developing a sense of belonging or attachment. Difficulty making the transition to university can result in students deferring or withdrawing from their courses. While mature-age students experience many of the challenges of all first-year students such as social dislocation, academic anxiety, and unrealistic expectations, they are more likely than school-leaver students to have family responsibilities and time constraints. The ability to manage competing demands on their time can affect their participation in campus-based activities and negatively impact their sense of belonging to the university. This paper reports on the adjustment to the first year of university of 40 mature-age students, measured through an analysis of their responses on a 55-item survey questionnaire. The findings suggest that the mature-age students adjusted well, academically; however, they had lower measures of adjustment in their social and personal adjustment. The challenge for universities is to identify and respond to the needs of mature-age students during their transition to university.

This research basically aims to investigate the School Adjustment of an adolescent diagnosed with Special Learning Disabilities. More specifically, the adolescent’s Social Traits, Motives, and Personal Adjustment are being studied. For the purposes of the research, the qualitative methodological approach was chosen. Also, semi-structured interviews were conducted, based on the School Adjustment Scale (Power & Cotterell, 1979) [1]. Results showed that the adolescent with Special Learning Disabilities faces adjustment problems regarding general satisfaction from school and self-confidence for school performance. Anxiety, lack of self-confidence and reduced social skills are the main obstacles for School Adjustment. Results are discussed concerning the development of social, communicational and general attainments in adolescents with Specific Learning Disabilities.