476 results on '"Peritoneal effusion"'
Search Results
2. Abdominal distension in a 14-year-old cat.
- Author
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Cheng-Han Lee, Nok Hin Tin, and Kuan-Sheng Chen
- Subjects
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ASCITIC fluids , *EXUDATES & transudates , *GASTROINTESTINAL system , *CATS , *GENITALIA , *CYTOLOGY - Abstract
The article discusses the case of a domestic short-hair cat with abdominal distention. Topics discussed include the results of abdominal radiography, differential diagnosis including pyometra and adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, and ovariohysterectomy and surgical biopsy of the pancreas performed on the cat. Also discussed are the treatment and outcome of the veterinary patient.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Sperm cells in peritoneal fluid of a ram with obstructive urolithiasis: First report
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Ghader Jalilzadeh-Amin, Bahram Dalir Naghadeh, Seyed Mohammad Hashemi, and Yaser Nozohour
- Subjects
spermatozoa ,peritoneal effusion ,sheep ,urogenital ,urolithiasis ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Detection of sperm in the peritoneal fluid of animals is unusual and has not been reported in the literature. In this report, we describe the presence of sperm cells in the peritoneal fluid of a two-year-old ram. The ram was presented with dyspnea, reduced rumen contractions, a mild degree of dehydration, cyanotic mucosa, difficulty in standing, and anuria. Ancillary diagnostics, including ultrasonography, radiography, complete blood cell count, and abdominocentesis were performed. In the peripheral blood sample, no blood parasites were observed, although thrombocytosis with toxic neutrophilia, and atypical lymphocytes were seen in the blood smear. In radiographs, urolithiasis was confirmed just on the sigmoid flexure position. Ultrasound examination revealed a distended bladder and large amounts of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. The electrocardiogram analysis showed the absence of P waves, bradycardia, wide QRS complexes, ST-segment elevation, and tented T waves. In the peritoneal fluid smears, a large number of spermatozoa, and increased inflammatory cells were observed. It was concluded that the trauma or rupture in colliculus seminalis, ductus deferens, or the urethra with urinary stones resulted in leakage of spermatozoa to the peritoneal cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of spermatozoa in the peritoneal fluid of large animals.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with ovarian cancer and peritoneal effusion and the effect on serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels.
- Author
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Zhang, Meiling, Bao, Yu, Zhang, Hong, Li, Dongmei, Mei, Xinkuan, and Cheng, Xianping
- Subjects
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OVARIAN cancer , *HYPERTHERMIC intraperitoneal chemotherapy , *ASCITIC fluids , *PERITONEAL cancer , *BEVACIZUMAB , *VASCULAR endothelial growth factors - Abstract
Peritoneal effusion is a common event in ovarian cancer (OC) patients. LncRNA H19 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are implicated in cancer progression. The study evaluated the curative effect and safety of bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in OC patients with peritoneal effusion and the effect on serum lncRNA H19/VEGF levels. Totally 248 OC patients with peritoneal effusion were treated with intraperitoneal bevacizumab + HIPEC (observation group) or abdominal paracentesis without HIPEC (control group). The clinical efficacy, quality of life, and adverse reactions were evaluated after two treatment cycles. The serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels pre-/post-treatment were determined by RT-qPCR and ELISA. The observation group exhibited better clinical efficacy than the control group, evidenced by a higher partial response rate, response rate, and disease control rate. The observation group exhibited reduced physical/cognitive/role/social/emotional function scores and total adverse reactions. LncRNA H19/VEGF levels showed no significant difference between the two groups before treatment but were significantly downregulated in the observation group after treatment. Summarily, intraperitoneal bevacizumab + HIPEC has significant efficacy in treating peritoneal effusion, improves the quality of life, and reduces serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels in OC patients, with fewer adverse reactions and higher safety. What is already known on this subject? The utilization of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as an emerging treatment option for abdominal malignancies has garnered the attention of numerous researchers over the years, which has significant clinical effects on peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer and can control patients' conditions and improve their signs and symptoms to a certain extent. What do the results of this study add? In this paper, we investigated the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer. Meanwhile, we compared serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels before and after treatment. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our findings may provide a clinically worthy method for the treatment of peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer. The treatment method reduces serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels in patients, which provides a theoretical basis for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Sperm cells in peritoneal fluid of a ram with obstructive urolithiasis: First report.
- Author
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Jalilzadeh-Amin, Ghader, Dalir-Naghadeh, Bahram, Hashemi-Asl, Seyed Mohammad, and Nozohour, Yaser
- Subjects
ASCITIC fluids ,URINARY calculi ,BLOOD sampling ,SHEEP ,THROMBOCYTOSIS ,SPERMATOZOA analysis - Abstract
Detection of sperm in the peritoneal fluid of animals is unusual and has not been reported in the literature. In this report, we describe the presence of sperm cells in the peritoneal fluid of a twoyear-old ram. The ram was presented with dyspnea, reduced rumen contractions, a mild degree of dehydration, cyanotic mucosa, difficulty in standing, and anuria. Ancillary diagnostics, including ultrasonography, radiography, complete blood cell count, and abdominocentesis were performed. In the peripheral blood sample, no blood parasites were observed, although thrombocytosis with toxic neutrophilia, and atypical lymphocytes were seen in the blood smear. In radiographs, urolithiasis was confirmed just on the sigmoid flexure position. Ultrasound examination revealed a distended bladder and large amounts of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. The electrocardiogram analysis showed the absence of P waves, bradycardia, wide QRS complexes, ST-segment elevation, and tented T waves. In the peritoneal fluid smears, a large number of spermatozoa, and increased inflammatory cells were observed. It was concluded that the trauma or rupture in colliculus seminalis, ductus deferens, or the urethra with urinary stones resulted in leakage of spermatozoa to the peritoneal cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of spermatozoa in the peritoneal fluid of large animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology: An institutional experience on its implication and assessment of risk of malignancy in effusion cytology.
- Author
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Kala, Chayanika, Kala, Sanjay, Singh, Anurag, Jauhari, R, Bajpai, Ashutosh, and Khan, Lubna
- Subjects
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TUMOR risk factors , *SCIENTIFIC observation , *PLEURAL effusions , *CYTODIAGNOSIS , *PERICARDIAL effusion , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *ACQUISITION of data , *FLUIDS , *RISK assessment , *COMPARATIVE studies , *MEDICAL records , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CYTOLOGY , *COLLECTION & preservation of biological specimens - Abstract
Background: The "international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology"(TIS) consists of five diagnostic categories: nondiagnostic (ND), negative for malignancy (NFM), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant (MAL). The study was conducted to reclassify effusion cytology samples according to the newly proposed TIS to calculate the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category and to conduct performance analysis. Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care institution in North India. Clinical data of the cases from June 2013 to July 2021 were retrieved and the cases were reviewed by two cytopathologists. All cases were reclassified according to the proposed TIS system into five categories. Results: A total of 2318 patients were included in the study over a time span of 8 years, and 1614 (69.6%) cases of pleural effusion cytology, 612 (26.4%) cases of peritoneal effusion cytology, and 92 (3.9%) cases of pericardial effusion cytology were included. All effusion cytology smears were recategorized as per TIS guidelines into ND, NFM, AUS, SFM, and MAL with 4 (0.17%), 1756 (75.75%), 12 (0.51%), 57 (2.46%), and 489 (21.11%) cases, respectively, and ROM was 25%, 17.9%, 66.7%, 75.4%, and 96.5%, respectively, for the categories. Conclusion: Besides being a simple, easy, and user-friendly system, TIS has the benefit of risk stratification and ROM for each category. The TIS system proposed a tiered scheme, which places the effusion cytology into well-defined categories, and therefore has lesser chances of false-positive and false-negative cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
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7. MORPHOCLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL FEATURES OF FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS (FIP)
- Author
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Vasile BOGHIAN
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peritoneal effusion ,osteitis granulomatous ,cat ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Agriculture - Abstract
The study aims to identify the morphoclinical and paraclinical elements useful in the diagnosis of FIP, given that the symptoms are sometimes uncharacteristic, varied and often similar to those of other diseases. The morphoclinical features of 32 patients diagnosed with FIP were evaluated. In 26 patients (81.25%), the predominant symptomatology was similar: intermittent fever, loss of appetite, weakness, dyspnoea and physical signs of peritoneal fluid collection. The peritoneal puncture fluid was inflammatory, with numerous large phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages), lymphocytes and, in some cases, red blood cells. The cell blood count (CBC) showed the existence of normocytic, hypochromic and hypoplastic anaemia and the presence of an active systemic inflammatory process, confirmed by the presence of aggregated platelets and segmented and vacuolated neutrophils in the stained smear May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG). Biochemical blood examination revealed the evolution of a physiopathological syndrome of hepatocytolysis, increased tissue catabolism and haemolytic anaemia. These results confirm that FIP is usually a systemic disease with polymorphic clinical signs, and biochemical blood tests, unlike CBC, have more prognostic value and lower value for suspecting the disease. However, sometimes, lesions and associated clinical signs in a single organ predominate. Thus, in three patients (9.37%), the predominant symptomatology was hepato-digestive with hepatocellular jaundice; one patient had obvious clinical signs of renal failure, one had signs of cortical syndrome, and one patient showed periosteal lesions (granulomatous osteitis). These results indicate that some less common lesions in cats, such as osteitis granulomatous, should be included in the list of FIP lesions.
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- 2023
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8. Standardized cytopathology reporting of fluids using newly proposed international system for reporting serous fluid cytology - A single institutional experience
- Author
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Roopmala Murugan, Sangeetha Kandasamy, Kumudhini Priya Gunasekaran, Gowri Sankar Ramalingam, and Anbu Lenin Kulandaivel
- Subjects
serous effusion ,serous fluid ,pleural effusion ,peritoneal effusion ,tis ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Serous fluids are commonly produced in many disease conditions and it is relatively easy to collect it. Subjecting it to analysis will help identify the etiology of the disease process and thereby help the clinicians to plan the treatment strategy appropriately. The application of the international system for reporting serous fluid cytology will further make it easy for the clinicians with its simpler terminologies and clear categorization of entities. Materials and method: All effusion samples that were received from 2020 to 2022 were examined and categorized according to international system for reporting serous fluid cytology. Risk of malignancy (ROM) was also calculated. Results: Among 400 cases, 140 (35%) were pleural fluid, 260 (65%) were ascitic fluid. Among 140 pleural fluid, 8 (5.7%) were ND, 121 (86.4%) were NFM, 2 (1.4%) were AUS, 5(3.6%) were SFM and 4 (2.9%) were MAL. Among the 260 peritoneal fluid, 13 (5%), 226 (86.9%), 9 (3.5%), 9 (3.5%), and 3 (1.1%) were reported as ND, NFM, AUS, SFM and MAL respectively. Risk of Malignancy (ROM) calculated for the cases collected in this study were 0% for ND, 0.9% for NFM, 45.5% for AUS, 71.4% for SFM and 100% for MAL. Conclusion: The international system (TIS) for reporting serous fluid cytopathology is very easy to employ and gives high accuracy with clear diagnostic criteria for each category, hence makes it easy to communicate with the clinicians by employing simple terminologies.
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- 2023
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9. Association of serum tumor markers with serous effusion in systemic lupus erythematosus
- Author
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Ying Zhong, Jinlu Ma, Lin Zhang, Zhichun Liu, and Leixi Xue
- Subjects
Systemic lupus erythematosus ,Pleural effusion ,Serous effusion ,Pericardial effusion ,Peritoneal effusion ,Tumor marker ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum tumor markers and serous effusion in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, thereby contributing preliminary data on the utility of these tumor markers in diagnosing serous effusion. In this retrospective analysis, clinical data of SLE patients were extracted from electronic medical records. This included the levels of serum tumor markers, including pro-gastrin-releasing peptide, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1), various carbohydrate antigens (CA 153, CA 125, CA 19-9), along with carcinoembryonic antigen, and alpha-fetoprotein. Positivity of tumor markers was established based on serum levels surpassing the upper threshold of the respective reference ranges. This study included 149 eligible patients with SLE, of whom 38 (25.50%) had serous effusion, and the prevalence of pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal effusions was 11.41%, 14.77%, and 6.71%, respectively. The analysis revealed that patients with serous effusion had higher scores on the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI 2000) than those without serous effusion. Notably, this disparity remained significant when the serositis score was excluded from the SLEDAI 2000 calculation. The positivity rate and serum levels of CA 125 were higher in patients with serous effusion and pleural effusion. Patients with pericardial effusion demonstrated an elevated CYFRA 21-1 positivity rate and serum CA 125 and CYFRA 21-1 levels compared to patients without pericardial effusion. CA 125 and NSE were higher both in terms of positivity rate and serum levels for patients with peritoneal effusion. Through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a moderate relationship was discerned between the conjoined levels of CYFRA 21-1 and CA 125 and the occurrence of pericardial effusion. Additionally, CA 125, NSE, and their combination revealed the moderate diagnostic ability of peritoneal effusion. In summary, this study observed elevated serum levels of various tumor markers in SLE patients exhibiting serous effusion, which is likely attributable to lupus-induced inflammation. These findings suggest that serum tumor markers can be valuable in diagnosing pericardial and peritoneal effusions.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with ovarian cancer and peritoneal effusion and the effect on serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels
- Author
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Meiling Zhang, Yu Bao, Hong Zhang, Dongmei Li, Xinkuan Mei, and Xianping Cheng
- Subjects
ovarian cancer ,peritoneal effusion ,hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy ,bevacizumab ,curative effect ,safety ,lncrna h19 ,vascular endothelial growth factor ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Peritoneal effusion is a common event in ovarian cancer (OC) patients. LncRNA H19 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are implicated in cancer progression. The study evaluated the curative effect and safety of bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in OC patients with peritoneal effusion and the effect on serum lncRNA H19/VEGF levels. Totally 248 OC patients with peritoneal effusion were treated with intraperitoneal bevacizumab + HIPEC (observation group) or abdominal paracentesis without HIPEC (control group). The clinical efficacy, quality of life, and adverse reactions were evaluated after two treatment cycles. The serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels pre-/post-treatment were determined by RT-qPCR and ELISA. The observation group exhibited better clinical efficacy than the control group, evidenced by a higher partial response rate, response rate, and disease control rate. The observation group exhibited reduced physical/cognitive/role/social/emotional function scores and total adverse reactions. LncRNA H19/VEGF levels showed no significant difference between the two groups before treatment but were significantly downregulated in the observation group after treatment. Summarily, intraperitoneal bevacizumab + HIPEC has significant efficacy in treating peritoneal effusion, improves the quality of life, and reduces serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels in OC patients, with fewer adverse reactions and higher safety.Impact statement What is already known on this subject? The utilization of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as an emerging treatment option for abdominal malignancies has garnered the attention of numerous researchers over the years, which has significant clinical effects on peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer and can control patients’ conditions and improve their signs and symptoms to a certain extent. What do the results of this study add? In this paper, we investigated the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer. Meanwhile, we compared serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels before and after treatment. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our findings may provide a clinically worthy method for the treatment of peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer. The treatment method reduces serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels in patients, which provides a theoretical basis for further research.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology: An institutional experience on its implication and assessment of risk of malignancy in effusion cytology
- Author
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Chayanika Kala, Sanjay Kala, Anurag Singh, R K Jauhari, Ashutosh Bajpai, and Lubna Khan
- Subjects
effusion cytopathology ,pericardial effusion ,peritoneal effusion ,pleural effusion ,risk of malignancy ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Background: The “international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology”(TIS) consists of five diagnostic categories: nondiagnostic (ND), negative for malignancy (NFM), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant (MAL). The study was conducted to reclassify effusion cytology samples according to the newly proposed TIS to calculate the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category and to conduct performance analysis. Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care institution in North India. Clinical data of the cases from June 2013 to July 2021 were retrieved and the cases were reviewed by two cytopathologists. All cases were reclassified according to the proposed TIS system into five categories. Results: A total of 2318 patients were included in the study over a time span of 8 years, and 1614 (69.6%) cases of pleural effusion cytology, 612 (26.4%) cases of peritoneal effusion cytology, and 92 (3.9%) cases of pericardial effusion cytology were included. All effusion cytology smears were recategorized as per TIS guidelines into ND, NFM, AUS, SFM, and MAL with 4 (0.17%), 1756 (75.75%), 12 (0.51%), 57 (2.46%), and 489 (21.11%) cases, respectively, and ROM was 25%, 17.9%, 66.7%, 75.4%, and 96.5%, respectively, for the categories. Conclusion: Besides being a simple, easy, and user-friendly system, TIS has the benefit of risk stratification and ROM for each category. The TIS system proposed a tiered scheme, which places the effusion cytology into well-defined categories, and therefore has lesser chances of false-positive and false-negative cases.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Cytohistologic immunohistochemical correlation of epithelial tubo‐ovarian neoplasms: Can cell blocks substitute for tissue?
- Author
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Lou, Si Kei, Hodgson, Anjelica, Nofech‐Mozes, Sharon, Schwock, Joerg, Olkhov‐Mitsel, Ekaterina, Mirkovic, Jelena, and Ghorab, Zeina
- Abstract
Background: Cytologic specimens often represent the initial diagnostic material for tubo‐ovarian neoplasms resulting from therapeutic paracentesis for patients presenting with high‐volume ascites. However, subtyping and immunohistochemical (IHC) characterization, which have implications in preoperative management and downstream ancillary testing, are not routinely performed in many institutions. This study aims to perform cytohistologic correlation of commonly used IHC stains to establish their reliability in peritoneal fluids/washing specimens. Methods: A retrospective search of the laboratory information systems was performed to identify peritoneal fluid/washing specimens involved by borderline or malignant epithelial tubo‐ovarian neoplasms and concurrent/subsequent surgical resection specimens. Cell blocks and tissue were stained for PAX8, WT‐1, p53, p16, Napsin‐A, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor, and staining between cytological and surgical specimens was compared. Results: A total of 56 case pairs were included, with the following final diagnoses on histological examination: 37 high‐grade serous carcinomas, eight clear cell carcinomas, one endometrioid adenocarcinoma, two low‐grade serous carcinomas, and eight serous borderline tumors. There was perfect cytohistologic correlation for PAX8 (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient [LINCCC] = 1.00) and WT‐1 (LINCCC = 1.00), substantial/good correlation for p53 (LINCCC = 0.96), p16 (LINCCC = 0.93), napsin‐A (LINCCC = 0.91) and ER (LINCCC = 0.77), and moderate correlation for PR (LINCCC = 0.54). Conclusions: Immunohistochemical correlation between peritoneal fluid and surgical resection specimens for tubo‐ovarian neoplasms is high. Common subtypes of tubo‐ovarian carcinomas can be reliably distinguished on fluids using IHC. Cytohistologic correlation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tubo‐ovarian neoplasms is high. Common subtypes can be reliably distinguished on fluids using IHC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
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13. Pediatric paragonimiasis: a retrospective analysis of cases from a county in south-west China
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Yong-xin Jiang, Gong-qiang Li, Cheng-jing Pan, Zhong-qiu He, Chao Wang, Qi-ru Mu, and Lu-lu Cao
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paragonimiasis ,children ,pleural effusion ,peritoneal effusion ,pericardial effusion ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
IntroductionThe clinical manifestations of paragonimiasis are diverse and non-specific, and can easily lead to misdiagnosis. We aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations, laboratory features, treatment, and clinical outcome of children with paragonimiasis in order to improve recognition of this disease and avoid misdiagnosis.MethodsChildren diagnosed with paragonimiasis from August 2016 to July 2022 were included in the study. Information on population informatics, medical history, and laboratory features was extracted from case data. The clinical features of paragonimiasis were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsA total of 45 children were included in this study. All children had, at least, one risk factor. The clinical features mainly included fever, cough, pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, and subcutaneous nodules. The main imaging findings were alveolar exudation, peritoneal effusion, pleural thickening, and local nodules. The “tunnel sign” finding on computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was helpful in establishing the diagnosis of paragonimiasis. After praziquantel treatment, most of the children improved, and one child with cerebral paragonimiasis experienced sequelae.ConclusionMost children with paragonimiasis have a good prognosis, but few children can experience sequelae. Avoidance of untreated water and raw food is a simple, feasible, and effective preventive measure.
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- 2023
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14. Green Dialysate.
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Ibarra‐Sifuentes, Héctor Raúl and Canales‐Azcona, Gustavo Abraham
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- 2024
- Full Text
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15. Bacterial Pathogens, Drug-Resistance Profile and Its Associated Factors from Patients with Suspected Peritonitis in Southern Ethiopia
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Alelign D, Ameya G, and Siraj M
- Subjects
antimicrobial resistance ,ascitic fluid ,bacteriological profile ,peritoneal effusion ,southern ethiopia ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Dagninet Alelign,1 Gemechu Ameya,2 Munira Siraj1 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Dagninet Alelign Tel +251 931-155-573Email dagninet.alelign@gmail.comBackground: Ascitic fluid plays a critical role in the microbiological diagnosis of peritonitis. Drug-resistant bacterial infection of the peritoneal cavity is becoming a public health threat. However, data on bacterial profile and antimicrobial-resistant pattern of isolates from the ascitic fluid are scarce. Thus, this study was aimed to assess drug-resistant bacteriological profiles and factors associated with peritonitis in southern Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to December 2019. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. A total of 147 ascitic fluid samples were aseptically collected and inoculated onto blood agar, MacConkey agar, and chocolate agar. The inoculated culture media were incubated aerobically and micro-aerobically at 37°C for 48 hrs. Bacterial identification was done by standard protocols and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method. Logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors with bacterial peritonitis.Results: Of the total study participants, the overall magnitude of bacterial peritonitis was 19.05% with a total of 30 bacterial isolates. Majority of the isolates were Gram negative bacteria with predominant species E. coli 36.67% followed by Gram positive S. aureus 13.33%. The multidrug resistant isolates accounts about 43.3% while a quarter of isolated S. aureus were methicillin resistant. The bacterial peritonitis was associated with recent history of surgery [AOR = 8.724, 95% CI: (2.688– 28.314)], hospitalization more than seven days [AOR = 8.990, 95% CI: (2.755– 29.342)], cirrhosis [AOR = 2.751, 95% CI: (1.109– 6.822)] and alcoholism [AOR = 5.802, 95% CI: (1.948– 17.285)].Conclusion: Nearly half of the isolated bacteria were observed to be MDR, and this may alarm all healthcare workers and policymakers. Thus, continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance patterns along with associated factors is essential for regular monitoring of transmission of drug-resistant bacteria and the emergence of antibiotic resistance.Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, ascitic fluid, bacteriological profile, peritoneal effusion, southern Ethiopia
- Published
- 2021
16. Enigma portal: Peritoneal effusion in a patient with a myeloproliferative neoplasm.
- Author
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Frankel, Diane, Kaspi, Elise, Grosdidier, Charlotte, Arpin, Maud, Costello, Regis, and Roll, Patrice
- Subjects
- *
ASCITIC fluids , *MYELOPROLIFERATIVE neoplasms , *EXUDATES & transudates , *CURIOSITIES & wonders - Abstract
Quiz regarding the cytological analysis of peritoneal effusion in a patient with a history of myeloproliferative neoplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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17. Giant Hepatic Hemolymphangioma With Peritoneal Effusion in Children: A Case Report and Literature Review
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Yufeng Li, Lei Ta, Yuan Xu, and Jianli Liu
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child ,liver ,hemolymphangioma ,peritoneal effusion ,case report ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Hemolymphangioma is a congenital malformation of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, commonly found in the head, neck, and subcutaneous, rarely in the viscera and extremely rarely in the liver. In this case, a 6-year-old boy was found to have abdominal distension for more than 2 months with no other obvious symptoms. Physical examination revealed a large abdominal mass that was hard and not mobile. Laboratory tests found no obvious abnormity. Preoperative ultrasound and CT showed a huge cystic and solid-cystic tumor in the abdomen with close relationship to the right lower margin of the liver and fluid accumulation in the abdominopelvic cavity. The preliminary diagnoses were a malignant tumor of embryonic origin and undifferentiated sarcoma. Liver tumor resection was performed in our hospital, and the postoperative pathology was diagnosed as hepatic hemolymphangioma. The patient recovered well after surgery. It is easy to diagnose a large abdominal mass in a child as a malignant tumor of the liver and delay the treatment—no obvious symptoms, no obvious abnormalities in laboratory tests, and imaging shows a multiocular cystic lesion with clear borders and no invasion of blood vessels, indicating that the possibility of this disease should be considered. The tumor has an abnormal rich blood supply, and preoperative imaging evaluation clearly shows the vascular pathway and blood supply status to help optimize the surgical plan.
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- 2022
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18. 17岁男童反复腹痛、腹腔积液伴嗜酸性粒细胞增多.
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杨坤, 罗荣华, and 孙一来
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ASCITIC fluids ,BONE marrow cells ,GASTROINTESTINAL diseases ,CELL morphology ,DOPPLER ultrasonography ,OTITIS media with effusion ,PULMONARY eosinophilia - Abstract
Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2021
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19. Abdominal distension in a 14-year-old cat.
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Lee CH, Tin NH, and Chen KS
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- Animals, Cats, Male, Female, Cat Diseases diagnosis
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- 2024
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20. Feasibility study evaluating a veterinary point‐of‐care urine culture system for diagnosing septic peritonitis.
- Author
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Casna, Brett R., Simmerson, Susan M., and Subashchandrabose, Sargurunathan
- Subjects
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BLOOD lactate , *ASCITIC fluids , *DIAGNOSIS , *POINT-of-care testing , *PERITONITIS , *EXUDATES & transudates , *LACTATES - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the use of a veterinary point‐of‐care urine culture system (POCUCS) for the diagnosis of septic peritonitis. Design: Prospective feasibility study performed between August 2017 and April 2018. Setting: Private referral hospital. Animals: Twenty samples of naturally occurring canine peritoneal effusion collected via aseptic abdominocentesis. Procedures: Point‐of‐care urine culture systems were inoculated and incubated according to manufacturer's instructions. The presence of bacterial growth, estimation of colony‐forming units/mL of bacteria, and organism identification were recorded. Bacterial growth and organism identification on POCUCS were compared to an aerobic culture performed at a commercial microbiology laboratory. Serial dilution and subsequent culture on a POCUCS of a confirmed Escherichia coli infected peritoneal effusion and negative control sample were performed to determine the lowest concentration of bacteria detectable. Results: There were 10 septic and 10 aseptic samples of peritoneal effusion confirmed by aerobic laboratory culture. Of the 10 culture‐positive samples, 8 were culture‐positive on the POCUCS. The sensitivity and specificity of the POCUCS for the detection of bacteria in peritoneal effusion were 80.0% and 100%, respectively. The POCUCS lowest limit of detectable bacteria in peritoneal effusion was 1000 CFUs/mL. Conclusions: The POCUCS evaluated in this study was less sensitive and less rapid for diagnosing septic peritonitis than blood glucose to peritoneal effusion glucose ratio and plasma lactate to peritoneal effusion glucose ratio. This POCUCS is not recommended as a tool for diagnosing septic peritonitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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21. The predominance and diagnostic value of neutrophils in differentiating transudates and exudates in dogs.
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Alonso, Flavio H., Christopher, Mary M., and Paes, Paulo R. O.
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ASCITIC fluids ,EXUDATES & transudates ,NEUTROPHILS ,LIVER failure ,DOGS ,PLEURAL effusions - Abstract
Background: There is disagreement in the literature about the proportion of neutrophils expected in canine transudates. A cutoff of <30% neutrophils has been recommended for distinguishing transudates from exudates, but its validity has not been established. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate differential cell counts in canine effusions and analyze the percentage and number of neutrophils in transudates and exudates. Methods: Effusion data were obtained retrospectively from 263 dogs with pleural or peritoneal effusion. Low‐protein transudates, high‐protein transudates, and exudates were classified using the total protein (TP) concentration and total nucleated cell count (TNCC). Differential percentages and absolute neutrophil counts were compared by the effusion type and underlying etiology. Results: Low‐protein transudates (n = 63), high‐protein transudates (n = 84), and exudates (n = 77) had a median (range) of 35% (0%‐100%), 59% (0%‐100%), and 90% (50%‐98%) neutrophils (P <.0001). All effusions with <50% neutrophils were transudates, but 53% of transudates had ≥50% neutrophils, and 69% had ≥30%. Median neutrophil counts were 62/µL (0‐892/µL), 538/µL (0‐4550/µL), and 45 590/µL (5400‐496 800/µL) in low‐protein transudates, high‐protein transudates, and exudates, respectively (P <.0001). Neutrophil counts correlated with TNCC (r2 = 0.99), such that using neutrophil cutoffs did not affect effusion classifications in most cases. Neutrophil percentages and counts were higher in effusions from dogs with uroabdomen and sepsis (P <.01); neutrophil counts were lower in dogs with hepatic insufficiency (P <.0001). Uroabdomen usually caused low‐protein, high‐neutrophil exudates. Conclusions: Although effusions with <50% neutrophils are transudates, most transudates and exudates have ≥50% neutrophils, limiting the diagnostic usefulness of % neutrophils for classifying effusions. Absolute neutrophil cutoffs did not notably improve effusion classification but could warrant future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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22. Clinical Observation on Acupuncture Combined with Chinese Medicinal for Malignant Peritoneal Effusion in Ovarian Cancer.
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Li Rui and Luo Zi-Huan
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ASCITIC fluids , *OVARIAN cancer , *OTITIS media with effusion , *KARNOFSKY Performance Status , *OVARIES , *ACUPUNCTURE - Abstract
Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with Chinese medicinal therapy in the treatment of malignant peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer and its effects on peritoneal effusion and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS). Methods: A total of 62 cases of patients with malignant peritoneal effusion caused by ovarian cancer were recruited and divided into an observation group and a control group by using a random number table method, with 31 cases in each group. All of the patients should be treated with intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy. Patients in the control group were treated with Chinese medicinal treatment. The Chinese medicinal formula included Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill), Jiu Wei Qiang Huo Tang (Nine Ingredients Notopterygium Decoction) and Ji Jiao Li Huang Wan Jia Jian (Stephaniae Tetrandra, Zanthoxyli, Lepidii and Rhubarb Variant Pill). Patients in the observation groups were treated with acupuncture treatment on the basis of the control group. The two groups were treated for one month. The clinical efficacy, number of times of peritoneal effusion drainage, change of KPS score and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The number of times of peritoneal effusion drainage of the observation group was less than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the overall score of clinical symptoms between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the overall score of clinical symptoms in the two groups decreased to some extent comparing with that before treatment respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Moreover, the observation group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the KPS score between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the KPS score of the two groups increased to some extent comparing with that before treatment respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Moreover, the KPS score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The curative efficacy of acupuncture combined with Chinese medicinal therapy in the treatment of malignant peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer was obvious. The therapy could improve the clinical symptoms of patients, decrease number of times of peritoneal effusion drainage and improve the quality of life of patients. Moreover, the therapy had relatively high safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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23. Long-term stability of clinically relevant chemistry analytes in pleural and peritoneal fluid.
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Kopcinovic, Lara Milevoj, Brcic, Marija, Vrtaric, Alen, Unic, Adriana, Bozovic, Marija, Gabaj, Nora Nikolac, Miler, Marijana, and Culej, Jelena
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ASCITIC fluids , *SEROUS fluids , *LACTATE dehydrogenase , *UREA , *AMYLASES , *CHOLESTEROL content of food , *GLUCOSE , *ALBUMINS - Abstract
Introduction: Our aim was to investigate the stability of clinically relevant analytes in pleural and peritoneal fluids stored in variable time periods and variable storage temperatures prior to analysis. Materials and methods: Baseline total proteins (TP), albumin (ALB), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TRIG), creatinine (CREA), urea, glucose and amylase (AMY) were measured using standard methods in residual samples from 29 pleural and 12 peritoneal fluids referred to our laboratory. Aliquots were stored for 6 hours at room temperature (RT); 3, 7, 14 and 30 days at - 20°C. At the end of each storage period, all analytes were re-measured. Deviations were calculated and compared to stability limits (SL). Results: Pleural fluid TP and CHOL did not differ in the observed storage periods (P = 0.265 and P = 0.170, respectively). Statistically significant differences were found for ALB, LD, TRIG, CREA, urea, glucose and AMY. Peritoneal fluid TP, ALB, TRIG, urea and AMY were not statistically different after storage, contrary to LD, CHOL, CREA and glucose. Deviations for TP, ALB, CHOL, TRIG, CREA, urea and AMY in all storage periods tested for both serous fluids were within the SL. Deviations exceeding SL were observed for LD and glucose when stored for 3 and 7 days at - 20°C, respectively. Conclusions: TP, ALB, CHOL, TRIG, CREA, urea and AMY are stable in serous samples stored up to 6 hours at RT and/or 30 days at - 20°C. Glucose is stable up to 6 hours at RT and 3 days at - 20°C. The stability of LD in is limited to 6 hours at RT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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24. Ruptured Hemorrhagic Hepatic Cyst: An Unusual Case Report
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Maria João Amaral, Marco Serôdio, Maria João Koch, Rui Almeida, José Carlos Campos, and José Guilherme Tralhão
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Hepatic cyst ,Rupture ,Abdominal pain ,Peritoneal effusion ,Surgery ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background: Hemorrhagic rupture of a hepatic cyst is rare. To date, very few cases have been reported in the literature. Case Report: A patient with a history of a suspected liver hydatid cyst presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and fever. She was admitted with the presumptive diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. During hospitalization, the patient presented with hemodynamic instability and abrupt worsening of the abdominal pain. The abdominal angio-chemotherapy scan showed an abundant free peritoneal effusion and an apparent effacement of the anterior wall of a hepatic cyst of 16 cm. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy, deroofing of the cyst, and peritoneal lavage. The anatomopathological results showed a simple hepatic cyst. Discussion: Hemorrhagic rupture of simple hepatic cysts is a life-threatening complication and, although rare, should be included in the differential diagnosis of sudden abdominal pain in patients with a history of simple hepatic cysts.
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- 2019
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25. Reinfusion of peritoneal fluid elevates the level of plasma D-dimer in patients with early-onset ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
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Kumazawa S, Saito K, Hashido N, Ibi R, Ishikawa T, Wakabayashi A, and Miyasaka N
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Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the factors that affect the dynamics of blood D-dimer in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records from two hospitals and extracted data obtained during assisted reproductive technology and OHSS treatment. Blood D-dimer levels during hospitalization were plotted against body weight. Other factors possibly related to blood D-dimer levels were also analyzed., Results: The analysis included 10 patients with OHSS admitted between January 2013 and June 2023. In all patients, blood D-dimer levels increased significantly when they convalesced from OHSS and lost weight. None of the patients showed clinical signs of thrombosis, which was confirmed using imaging tests in 8 of 10 patients. Two patients underwent cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART), and their blood D-dimer levels increased dramatically after the procedure., Conclusion: Weight change and CART are associated with blood D-dimer dynamics in OHSS. Our results show that elevated blood D-dimer levels in patients with OHSS do not always represent the presence of thrombosis. Reinfusion of pooled D-dimer in ascites may explain the D-dimer surge during the recovery phase or after CART in these patients. Our study provides new perspectives on the clinical implications of D-dimer during OHSS., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest for this article., (© 2024 The Authors. Reproductive Medicine and Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japan Society for Reproductive Medicine.)
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- 2024
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26. Application of the International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology with Cytohistological Correlation and Risk of Malignancy Assessment
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Alexandros Pergaris, Dimitra Stefanou, Panagiota Keramari, Stylianos Sousouris, Nikolaos Kavantzas, Helen Gogas, and Panagiota Mikou
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serous effusion ,pleural effusion ,peritoneal effusion ,cancer ,cytology ,histopathology ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (TIS) classifies serous effusions into five categories: non-diagnostic (ND), negative for malignancy (NFM), atypia of unknown significance (AUS), suspicious for malignancy (SFM) and malignant (MAL). The main objectives of this classification comprise the establishment of a universal code of communication between cytopathologists and clinicians and histopathologists, as well as between different laboratories worldwide, paving the way for the setting of clinical management guidelines based on the risk of malignancy assessment for each diagnostic category. We retrieved the total number of pleural and peritoneal effusion cases of our department for the three-year time period between 2018 and 2020, yielding a total of 528 and 500 cases, respectively. We then proceeded to reclassify each specimen according to TIS guidelines and calculate the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category by searching each patients’ histology records, medical history and clinical follow-up. For pleural effusions, 3 (0.57%) cases were classified as ND, 430 (81.44%) cases as NFM, 15 (2.84%) as AUS, 15 (2.84%) as SFM and 65 (12.31%) as MAL. ROM amounted to 0%, 5.3%, 33.33%, 93.33% and 100% for each category, respectively. As far as peritoneal effusions are concerned, 6 (1.2%) were categorized as ND with ROM estimated at 16.66%, 347 (69.4%) as NFM (ROM = 9%), 13 (2.6%) as AUS (ROM = 38.46%), 12 (2.4%) as SFM (ROM = 83.33%) and 122 (24.4%) as MAL (ROM = 100%). Our results underline the utility of the current classification, both as a means of communication between doctors of different specialties and as general guidelines for the further clinical management of patients.
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- 2021
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27. Long-term stability of clinically relevant chemistry analytes in pleural and peritoneal fluid.
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Milevoj Kopcinovic, Lara, Brcic, Marija, Vrtaric, Alen, Unic, Adriana, Bozovic, Marija, Nikolac Gabaj, Nora, Miler, Marijana, and Culej, Jelena
- Subjects
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ASCITIC fluids , *SEROUS fluids , *UREA , *CHEMISTRY , *LACTATE dehydrogenase , *GLUCOSE , *AMYLASES - Abstract
Introduction: Our aim was to investigate the stability of clinically relevant analytes in pleural and peritoneal fluids stored in variable time periods and variable storage temperatures prior to analysis. Materials and methods: Baseline total proteins (TP), albumin (ALB), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TRIG), creatinine (CREA), urea, glucose and amylase (AMY) were measured using standard methods in residual samples from 29 pleural and 12 peritoneal fluids referred to our laboratory. Aliquots were stored for 6 hours at room temperature (RT); 3, 7, 14 and 30 days at - 20°C. At the end of each storage period, all analytes were re-measured. Deviations were calculated and compared to stability limits (SL). Results: Pleural fluid TP and CHOL did not differ in the observed storage periods (P = 0.265 and P = 0.170, respectively). Statistically significant differences were found for ALB, LD, TRIG, CREA, urea, glucose and AMY. Peritoneal fluid TP, ALB, TRIG, urea and AMY were not statistically different after storage, contrary to LD, CHOL, CREA and glucose. Deviations for TP, ALB, CHOL, TRIG, CREA, urea and AMY in all storage periods tested for both serous fluids were within the SL. Deviations exceeding SL were observed for LD and glucose when stored for 3 and 7 days at - 20°C, respectively. Conclusions: TP, ALB, CHOL, TRIG, CREA, urea and AMY are stable in serous samples stored up to 6 hours at RT and/or 30 days at - 20°C. Glucose is stable up to 6 hours at RT and 3 days at - 20°C. The stability of LD in is limited to 6 hours at RT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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28. 大鼠双供体肝移植模型的改进.
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王丹, 陈亚惊, 马延龄, 刘小龙, 王博方, 汪学艳, and 陈昊
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Objective To establish a modified dual liver transplantation rat model. Methods Based on the classic donor Y-shaped double iliac vein recanalization of bilateral liver grafts and portal vein and bile duct of the recipients, the dual liver transplantation rat model was modified by increasing the rat body mass, increasing the right lower lobe of the right graft, appropriate bile duct length, trimming Y-shaped blood vessels, and "triangular" anastomosis. The operation time, cold ischemia time, warm ischemia time and anhepatic phase of dual liver transplantation were recorded. The incidence of postoperative complications of the recipients was observed. The survival rates of the recipients at postoperative 7 and 30 d were calculated. Results The operation time of dual liver transplantation in rat was (114±7) min, the cold ischemia time was (36±3) min, the warm ischemia time was (9.7±1.6) min, and the anhepatic phase was (19.9±2.2) min, respectively. The incidence of postoperative complications in the recipient rats was 31% (5/16) including 2 cases of peritoneal effusion, 1 case of hemorrhage, 1 case of bile leakage and 1 case of respiratory obstruction. The postoperative 7- and 30-d survival rates of the recipient rats were 81%(13/16)、56%(9/16), respectively. Conclusions The modified technique can establish a stable dual liver transplantation rat model, which deserves widespread application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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29. Enigma portal: Peritoneal effusion in a patient with a myeloproliferative neoplasm
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Diane Frankel, Elise Kaspi, Charlotte Grosdidier, Maud Arpin, Regis Costello, Patrice Roll, Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), and Frankel, Diane
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peritoneal effusion ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Myeloproliferative Disorders ,Histology ,essential thrombocythemia ,myeloproliferative neoplasm ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Neoplasms ,Mutation ,primary myelofibrosis ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine - Abstract
International audience; No abstract available
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- 2022
30. Association of serum tumor markers with serous effusion in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Zhong Y, Ma J, Zhang L, Liu Z, and Xue L
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The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum tumor markers and serous effusion in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, thereby contributing preliminary data on the utility of these tumor markers in diagnosing serous effusion. In this retrospective analysis, clinical data of SLE patients were extracted from electronic medical records. This included the levels of serum tumor markers, including pro-gastrin-releasing peptide, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1), various carbohydrate antigens (CA 153, CA 125, CA 19-9), along with carcinoembryonic antigen, and alpha-fetoprotein. Positivity of tumor markers was established based on serum levels surpassing the upper threshold of the respective reference ranges. This study included 149 eligible patients with SLE, of whom 38 (25.50%) had serous effusion, and the prevalence of pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal effusions was 11.41%, 14.77%, and 6.71%, respectively. The analysis revealed that patients with serous effusion had higher scores on the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI 2000) than those without serous effusion. Notably, this disparity remained significant when the serositis score was excluded from the SLEDAI 2000 calculation. The positivity rate and serum levels of CA 125 were higher in patients with serous effusion and pleural effusion. Patients with pericardial effusion demonstrated an elevated CYFRA 21-1 positivity rate and serum CA 125 and CYFRA 21-1 levels compared to patients without pericardial effusion. CA 125 and NSE were higher both in terms of positivity rate and serum levels for patients with peritoneal effusion. Through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a moderate relationship was discerned between the conjoined levels of CYFRA 21-1 and CA 125 and the occurrence of pericardial effusion. Additionally, CA 125, NSE, and their combination revealed the moderate diagnostic ability of peritoneal effusion. In summary, this study observed elevated serum levels of various tumor markers in SLE patients exhibiting serous effusion, which is likely attributable to lupus-induced inflammation. These findings suggest that serum tumor markers can be valuable in diagnosing pericardial and peritoneal effusions., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors.)
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- 2023
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31. Bicavitary effusion secondary to liver lobe torsion in a dog
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Khan Z, Gates K, and Simpson SA
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Dog ,Liver lobe torsion ,hepatic lobe torsion ,pleural effusion ,peritoneal effusion ,bicavitary effusion ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Zaheda Khan,1 Kathryn Gates,2 Stephen A Simpson,31Emergency and Critical Care, Animal Specialty and Emergency Center, Los Angeles, CA, 2Emergency and Critical Care, Advanced Critical Care, Emergency and Specialty Services, Culver City, CA 3Emergency and Critical Care, Southern California Veterinary Specialty Hospital, Irvine, CA, USA Abstract: We described the diagnosis and successful treatment of pleural and peritoneal effusion secondary to liver lobe torsion in a dog. A 12-year-old female spayed Borzoi dog was referred for heart failure. Emergency room thoracic and abdominal ultrasound showed a large volume of pleural effusion with mild peritoneal effusion and an abdominal mass. Pleural fluid analysis classified the effusion as exudative. A complete ultrasound revealed mild peritoneal effusion and decreased blood flow to the right liver lobe. Other causes of bicavitary effusion were ruled out based on blood work, ultrasound, echocardiogram, and computed tomography. The patient was taken to surgery and diagnosed with caudate liver lobe torsion and had a liver lobectomy. At the 2-week postoperative recheck, the patient was doing well and there was complete resolution of the pleural effusion. Liver lobe torsion is a rare occurrence in dogs and can be difficult to diagnose. Clinical signs are nonspecific for liver lobe torsion and patients may present in respiratory distress with significant pleural fluid accumulation. When assessing patients with pleural and peritoneal effusion, liver lobe torsion should be considered as a differential diagnosis.Keywords: pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, hepatic torsion
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- 2016
32. Bacterial Pathogens, Drug-Resistance Profile and Its Associated Factors from Patients with Suspected Peritonitis in Southern Ethiopia
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Munira Siraj, Dagninet Alelign, and Gemechu Ameya
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Pharmacology ,ascitic fluid ,business.industry ,Bacterial Peritonitis ,Peritonitis ,Drug resistance ,southern Ethiopia ,medicine.disease ,bacteriological profile ,Microbiology ,peritoneal effusion ,Multiple drug resistance ,Chocolate agar ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Infectious Diseases ,Antibiotic resistance ,chemistry ,Infection and Drug Resistance ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,antimicrobial resistance ,Agar diffusion test ,business ,MacConkey agar ,Original Research - Abstract
Dagninet Alelign,1 Gemechu Ameya,2 Munira Siraj1 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Dagninet Alelign Tel +251 931-155-573Email dagninet.alelign@gmail.comBackground: Ascitic fluid plays a critical role in the microbiological diagnosis of peritonitis. Drug-resistant bacterial infection of the peritoneal cavity is becoming a public health threat. However, data on bacterial profile and antimicrobial-resistant pattern of isolates from the ascitic fluid are scarce. Thus, this study was aimed to assess drug-resistant bacteriological profiles and factors associated with peritonitis in southern Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to December 2019. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. A total of 147 ascitic fluid samples were aseptically collected and inoculated onto blood agar, MacConkey agar, and chocolate agar. The inoculated culture media were incubated aerobically and micro-aerobically at 37°C for 48 hrs. Bacterial identification was done by standard protocols and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauerâs disk diffusion method. Logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors with bacterial peritonitis.Results: Of the total study participants, the overall magnitude of bacterial peritonitis was 19.05% with a total of 30 bacterial isolates. Majority of the isolates were Gram negative bacteria with predominant species E. coli 36.67% followed by Gram positive S. aureus 13.33%. The multidrug resistant isolates accounts about 43.3% while a quarter of isolated S. aureus were methicillin resistant. The bacterial peritonitis was associated with recent history of surgery [AOR = 8.724, 95% CI: (2.688â 28.314)], hospitalization more than seven days [AOR = 8.990, 95% CI: (2.755â 29.342)], cirrhosis [AOR = 2.751, 95% CI: (1.109â 6.822)] and alcoholism [AOR = 5.802, 95% CI: (1.948â 17.285)].Conclusion: Nearly half of the isolated bacteria were observed to be MDR, and this may alarm all healthcare workers and policymakers. Thus, continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance patterns along with associated factors is essential for regular monitoring of transmission of drug-resistant bacteria and the emergence of antibiotic resistance.Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, ascitic fluid, bacteriological profile, peritoneal effusion, southern Ethiopia
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- 2021
33. Cytomorphological study of peritoneal fluid in suspected cases of malignancy
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Anchan Vidyashree and Kanabur Deepak R
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Peritoneal fluid ,Context (language use) ,Malignancy ,medicine.disease ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Effusion ,Cytopathology ,Cytology ,medicine ,Radiology ,business ,Hematopathology - Abstract
Context: Cytology of body fluid is one of the oldest methods that is widely accepted. Though the pleural fluid cytology is well documented, data on peritoneal fluid cytology is sparse. It has a distinct value in confirming or disapproving malignant lesion. Most of the laboratories use cytospin smears for cytological study. While cytospin smears without doubt is a good method for cytodiagnosis, it can be complemented with cellblock for a more accurate diagnosis. Cellblock is a diagnostic modality which can help in pointing the cause for effusion and also in staging, prognosis and therapy of many malignant conditions. Aims: The aim of this study is to (1) analyse the cytomorphology of peritoneal fluid using cytospin and cellblock technique and (2) to assess the utility of cellblock method in identifying malignant cells in peritoneal effusion and wash samples. Materials and Methods: A total of 53 ascitic fluid and peritoneal wash samples that were clinically suspected of malignancy were studied. Each of the samples were processed by cytospin smear and cell block method. Statistical analysis used: The results were interpreted by descriptive analysis. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of the cytological test was 96.15%, 100%, 100%, 96.42% and 98.11% respectively. Cellular yield for malignancy was 3.85% more by the cellblock method. Conclusions: Cellblock can provide an additional information which can aid in increasing the sensitivity of cellblock. It can complement cytospin smears, especially to detect malignant cells in peritoneal fluid. A combined approach of cytospin and cellblock can help in a more accurate diagnosis. Keywords: Cell block, Cytodiagnosis, Cytology, Sensitivity
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- 2021
34. A feasibility study investigating the utility of a point‐of‐care rapid immunoassay for detecting septic peritoneal effusion in dogs
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Kelsey P Human, Helga F Bleyaert, and Christine Iacovetta
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Microbiological culture ,Point-of-Care Systems ,Peritonitis ,Urine ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Gastroenterology ,Sepsis ,Dogs ,Cytology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Ascitic Fluid ,Dog Diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Immunoassay ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Private practice ,Etiology ,Feasibility Studies ,business - Abstract
Objective To determine the sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of a point-of-care urine bacterial rapid immunoassay (RIA) for a diagnosis of septic peritonitis, compared to more traditional diagnostic tools, such as cytology and bacterial culture. Design Prospective, cross-sectional feasibility study conducted from October 2016 to June 2017. Setting Four locations within a private practice referral hospital. Animals Sixty-four dogs with peritoneal effusion of any etiology were enrolled. Four dogs were excluded due to absent RIA or bacterial culture results. Two additional dogs were excluded because of an inability to definitively classify them as having septic peritonitis. Interventions Abdominocentesis was performed to obtain peritoneal effusion samples for aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture, cytology, and RIA. Cytological slides were evaluated by a clinical pathologist following enrollment. Measurements and main results Fifty-eight dogs were included in the study, 8 of which were classified as having septic peritonitis. Compared to final diagnosis of septic peritonitis, RIA had a low PPV (36.8%) but good NPV (97.4%) and was 77.5% accurate. SN of RIA (87.5%) to diagnose septic peritonitis was similar to cytology (85.7%) and bacterial culture (87.5%); however, SP was lower (76%, 100%, and 98%, respectively). Cytology had the best overall predictive values and accuracy for diagnosing septic peritonitis (PPV 100%, NPV 97.9%, and accuracy 98%) compared to RIA and bacterial culture. Conclusions RIA testing was similarly sensitive in identifying septic peritonitis compared to cytology and bacterial culture but was not very specific or accurate. As a stand-alone test, RIA commonly had false-positive test results, making it unreliable in identifying septic peritonitis. Cytology was the most accurate diagnostic test and had no false-positive results. Further investigation with a larger sample size and prevalence of septic peritonitis may prove beneficial.
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- 2021
35. Deep learning convolutional neural network in diagnosis of serous effusion in patients with malignant tumor by tomography
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Jiawen Zhang, Yufei Cheng, Zhiguo Zhang, Chunan Wang, Xu Ji, Qingpeng Kan, and Wei Ren
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Computer science ,Pericardial cavity ,Pleural cavity ,medicine.disease ,Pericardial effusion ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Serous fluid ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Effusion ,Hardware and Architecture ,medicine ,Malignant pleural effusion ,Radiology ,Serous cavity ,Software ,Information Systems - Abstract
To explore the diagnostic value of deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN)-based computed tomography (CT) scan in tumor disease images, clinical factors related to serous effusion were analyzed. The relevant case data of 224 patients with serosal effusion caused by malignant tumor treated in X Hospital from October 1 to February 2017 were selected, so did the positron emission tomography (PET) image data based on deep learning CNN. Then, the causes and diagnosis of PET effusion in each group were analyzed, and multi-factor analysis was performed on the effusion in the pleural cavity, abdominal cavity, pericardial cavity, and no effusion group. It was found through PET scan under deep learning CNN algorithm that the location of the effusion was related to the primary lesions. The malignant pleural effusion (72 cases) and pericardial effusion (19 cases) both occurred mostly in lung cancer, and the second was the digestive system tumor. The malignant peritoneal effusion concurrent lesions mainly occurred in the digestive system (18 cases of gastric cancer, 4 cases of colon cancer, 2 cases of rectal cancer, and 1 case of small intestine cancer). Malignant multiple serous cavity effusion (57 cases) mostly occurred in lung cancer (30 cases). From the analysis of clinical indicators of pulmonary infection, the infection rates of pericardial cavity (89.13%), abdominal cavity (82.3%), and thoracic cavity (83.78%) were higher in the group with effusion than in the group without effusion (65.23%), and there was a statistical difference (*P
- Published
- 2021
36. Retrospective study of the aetiopathological diagnosis of pleural or peritoneal effusion exams of dogs and cats
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Cássia B. da Silva, Antonise M. Jaguezeski, Augusto de Oliveira, Ana Martiele Engelmann, Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade, and Nathália Viana Barbosa
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medicine.medical_specialty ,CATS ,business.industry ,medicine ,Retrospective cohort study ,Anatomy ,business ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Surgery - Published
- 2021
37. Evaluation of a new multiple regression model based on biochemical parameters for the distinction of canine exudates and transudates
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Cláudio Roberto Scabelo Mattoso, Flavio H. Alonso, Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira Paes, and Fabiola de Oliveira Paes Leme
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medicine.medical_specialty ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Exudates and Transudates ,Abdominal cavity ,Pleural cavity ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Imaging data ,Gastroenterology ,Transudate ,Pleural Effusion ,Dogs ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Effusion ,Albumins ,Internal medicine ,Linear regression ,medicine ,Animals ,Ascitic Fluid ,Cutoff ,Dog Diseases ,business ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
BACKGROUND The classification of effusions in human medicine currently uses biochemical parameters of verified analytical accuracy, while veterinary medicine is traditionally guided by protein content (TP) and total nucleated cell count (TNCC) in the effusion, without solid scientific support. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the accuracy of the current veterinary classification system to distinguish transudates from exudates and create new tools involving biochemical parameters that better classify canine cavitary effusions. METHODS Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data from 250 canine pleural and peritoneal effusions were retrospectively and prospectively collected, organized, and statistically evaluated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using biochemical and cellular parameters. RESULTS For identifying exudates, the accuracy (87.7%, n = 204) of the best traditional classification system (TNCC > 3000 cells/μL) was similar to that of the individual biochemical cutoff values with the greatest accuracy in the abdominal cavity (eg, cholesterol, CHO-E > 40.1 mg/dL, 87.3%, n = 55). The accuracy of albumin (ALB-E > 0.8 g/dL) in the pleural cavity was nonetheless higher (100%, n = 23). The best multiple predictive models for any cavity used the percentage of neutrophils and CHO-E (n = 72), presenting an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for the diagnosis of exudate of 88%, 96%, and 67%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Biochemical classification of pleural effusions has a higher accuracy than the traditional system (based on TP and TNCC). Utility and cutoff of analytes are different for each cavity. Implementing a multiple regression model or establishing ratios or gradients with concurrent serum values adds no significant improvement in the diagnostic potential of distinguishing transudate and exudates in dogs.
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- 2021
38. The predominance and diagnostic value of neutrophils in differentiating transudates and exudates in dogs
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Mary M. Christopher, Flavio H. Alonso, and Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira Paes
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Future studies ,General Veterinary ,Neutrophils ,business.industry ,Pleural effusion ,Exudates and Transudates ,medicine.disease ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Gastroenterology ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Pleural Effusion ,Sepsis ,Leukocyte Count ,Dogs ,Effusion ,Internal medicine ,Uroabdomen ,Animals ,Medicine ,Dog Diseases ,business ,Retrospective Studies ,Total protein - Abstract
BACKGROUND There is disagreement in the literature about the proportion of neutrophils expected in canine transudates. A cutoff of
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- 2021
39. Cancer of unknown primary in a mare: case report and comparative pathology review
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Emily J. Brinker, Rachel L. A. L. T. Neto, Erin S. Groover, Maria C. Naskou, Serena Ceriotti, and Elizabeth Spangler
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medicine.medical_specialty ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Adenocarcinoma ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Teaching hospital ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Lethargy ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Horses ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Carcinoma ,Cancer ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,Cancer of unknown primary ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Comparative Pathology ,Neoplasms, Unknown Primary ,Immunohistochemistry ,Female ,Horse Diseases ,Brief Reports ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
A 25-y-old Percheron mare was admitted to the teaching hospital because of lethargy and intractable dyspnea. Thoracoabdominal ultrasound examination identified severe peritoneal effusion, mild bilateral pleural effusion, and a diffuse pulmonary nodular pattern. Cytology of peritoneal fluid revealed a hypercellular sample with clusters of neoplastic polygonal cells and admixed macrophages. Euthanasia was followed by postmortem examination; marked bi-cavitary effusion was present, and innumerable up to 4-cm diameter, round-to-floriform nodules were diffusely evident throughout serosal surfaces as well as the pulmonary and hepatic parenchyma. Disseminated adenocarcinoma, predominantly affecting lung and liver with widespread serosal implantation, was confirmed on light microscopy. Neoplastic cells had strong immunolabeling for pancytokeratin and lacked immunoreactivity to vimentin, napsin A, and Pax8. Cytokeratin 7 and thyroid transcription factor-1 were non-contributory given absent and inconsistent internal control reactivity, respectively. Such results, combined with the lack of a major mass that would indicate a primary site, were supportive of carcinoma of unknown primary site, which remains a conundrum in human oncology, and is poorly explored in veterinary medicine, mainly as a result of clinical and diagnostic limitations.
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- 2021
40. What is your diagnosis? Abdominal fluid from a dog.
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DiDomenico, Amy E., Stowe, Devorah M., and Lynch, Alex M.
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VAS deferens ,DOGS ,ASCITIC fluids ,PERITONEUM ,ABDOMEN ,PANCREAS ,SPERMATOGENESIS - Abstract
Although very few reports exist in the dog, formation of spermatocele and sperm granuloma appear to be the reported complications of vasectomy. Given the numerous extracellular and phagocytosed spermatozoa observed in the abdominal fluid, it is reasonable to conclude that spermatozoa were at least a factor (if not the primary factor) driving the inflammation and formation of peritoneal effusion in this patient. Sperm granuloma in the dog: complication of vasectomy. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2020
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41. Interventional Ultrasound
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Lichtenstein, Daniel A. and Lichtenstein, Daniel A.
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- 2010
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42. Peritoneum
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Lichtenstein, Daniel A. and Lichtenstein, Daniel A.
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- 2010
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43. Gastrointestinal Tract
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Lichtenstein, Daniel A. and Lichtenstein, Daniel A.
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- 2010
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44. Spontaneous abdominal effusion in dogs with presumed anaphylaxis
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Christine A. Culler, April M. Summers, and Edward S. Cooper
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040301 veterinary sciences ,Physical examination ,Peritoneal Effusion ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,0302 clinical medicine ,Abdomen ,Animals ,Medicine ,Dog Diseases ,Anaphylaxis ,Retrospective Studies ,General Veterinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Shock ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Sequela ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Venous blood ,medicine.disease ,Effusion ,Private practice ,Anesthesia ,Vomiting ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe patient characteristics of dogs developing spontaneous abdominal effusion in association with anaphylaxis. DESIGN Retrospective study between 2010 and 2018. SETTING University teaching hospital and referral specialty private practice emergency departments. ANIMALS Sixteen dogs presenting to the emergency department for clinical signs suggestive of anaphylaxis with peritoneal effusion documented via ultrasonography. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Dogs presented with clinical signs of anaphylaxis including vomiting 12 of 16 (75%), diarrhea 9 of 16 (56%), and collapse 7 of 16 (44%). Physical examination findings included altered mentation 14 of 16 (88%), erythema 2 of 16 (13%), and urticaria 2 of 16 (13%). Historically, 3 of 16 (19%) had just recently been vaccinated, 1 of 16 (6%) had known contact with an insect, and 8 of 16 (50%) had been outdoors prior to the onset of clinical signs, whereas 5 of 16 (31%) had no known triggering event. At presentation, median systolic arterial pressure was 70 mm Hg (range, 30-210 mm Hg). Venous blood gas revealed an acidemia with a mean pH of 7.24 ± 0.09, a base deficit of 7.15 ± 7.7 mmol/L, and an increased plasma lactate with a mean of 7.35 ± 2.09 mmol/L. Bloodwork abnormalities included an increased alanine aminotransferase activity with a mean of 439.2 ± 404.5 U/L and an increased gamma-glutamyl transferase activity with a mean concentration of 7.29 ± 4.1 U/L. Twelve patients (75%) had gallbladder wall abnormalities on ultrasonography. Eight patients (50%) had abdominocentesis performed. The median PCV of the effusion was 0.29 L/L (29%; range, 4-41) and total plasma protein was 38 g/L (3.8 g/dL; range, 2.4-6.5). Two dogs (12.5%) were euthanized. The remaining 14 dogs (87.5%) survived to discharge, with a mean hospitalization time of 23.7 ± 16.7 hours. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal effusion should be considered a potential sequela of anaphylaxis in dogs. Therefore, serial monitoring for presence or development of spontaneous abdominal effusion should be considered.
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- 2021
45. Nursing the uroabdomen patient
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Sam McGaw
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0303 health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,CATS ,040301 veterinary sciences ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Abdominal cavity ,Urine ,Peritoneal Effusion ,030308 mycology & parasitology ,Surgery ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,Uroabdomen ,business - Abstract
Uroabdomen, the presence of urine in the abdominal cavity, commonly occurs in dogs and cats, particularly following a trauma. Initial stabilisation of the patient is essential to treat the multisystemic effects of electrolyte and metabolic derangements, including hyperkalaemia, azotaemia and metabolic acidosis. Diagnosis is confirmed by comparing laboratory analysis of abdominal fluid and serum. Urinary diversion is required, often via placement of a urinary catheter, to prevent continuing urine accumulation. Once haemodynamically stable, diagnostic imaging may be performed to confirm the location of the urinary tract rupture, with several modes of imaging available. Surgical intervention may be necessary to repair the urinary leak, this is dependent on the location and severity of the trauma to the urinary tract. Registered veterinary nurses play an important role in the management of the uroabdomen patient, from initial triage and stabilisation, to assisting with imaging, anaesthetic monitoring and postoperative care. This article will discuss the aetiology of the uroabdomen, patient presentation and how to effectively treat the critical patient. Nursing care is vital for ensuring patient welfare and identifying complications that may arise.
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- 2021
46. Fluid Analysis in the Equine Patient
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Sarah S K Beatty and Francisco O. Conrado
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Sample handling ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal Fluid ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Equine ,business.industry ,Peritoneal fluid ,0402 animal and dairy science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Abdominal cavity ,Reference laboratory ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Peritoneal Effusion ,0403 veterinary science ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,medicine ,Specimen Handling ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
Fluid analysis is an important part of the diagnostic work-up of equine patients presenting with disorders of the nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and abdominal cavity. Proper specimen handling and processing are paramount for complete and accurate interpretation of fluid samples. Normal cerebrospinal fluid is a low-cellularity, low-protein fluid requiring specific sample handling to ensure accurate results. Joint and abdominal fluid analyses are completed in practice or submitted for analysis to a reference laboratory. This article discusses fluid sample handling and processing considerations for the equine practitioner and reviews cytologic evaluation of normal and abnormal cerebrospinal, synovial, and peritoneal fluid samples.
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- 2021
47. Exfoliative cytology of different body fluids: An important aid to diagnose cancer
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Subhash Bhardwaj, Ishani Gupta, and Rekha Rani
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung ,business.industry ,Peritoneal fluid ,Papanicolaou stain ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Malignancy ,Peritoneal Effusion ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Effusion ,medicine ,Adenocarcinoma ,business - Abstract
Background: The cytological examination of exfoliated cells in various effusion fluids is very challenging and is of paramount importance for early diagnosis and management of various pathological processes. It is of utmost significance in identification of malignant cells and hence throws light on the cause, staging and prognosis of various cancers. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, analytical, observational study done over a period of one year from January 2020 to December 2020. A total of 228 cases including peritoneal and pleural and cerebrospinal fluid and urine were analyzed. Samples were centrifuged for five minutes at 2000 rpm and smears prepared from deposit were stained by Papanicolaou (PAP) and May-Grunwald- Giemsa (MGG) stains. Results: Out of 221, 116 were peritoneal effusions, 87 were pleural, 15 cerebrospinal fluids and 3 urine. Out of 116 cases of peritoneal effusions, 60 were non neoplastic and 31 were malignant effusion. Out of total 87pleural effusions 51 were non neoplastic and 19 neoplastic. Commonest malignancy in peritoneal and pleural fluid was adenocarcinoma from ovary and lung respectively. Conclusions: Cytological evaluation of different body fluids is a simple, rapid, inexpensive and less invasive tool with high accuracy and thereby reducing the need for invasive investigations. It is especially helpful in evaluating and staging malignancies thereby guiding the clinician in further management of the patient.
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- 2021
48. Spontaneous uterine rupture of an unscarred uterus revealed by a subocclusive syndrome: A case report and review of the literature
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Narjisse Aichouni, Imane Skiker, Siham Nasri, Ahmed Mimouni, Hanane Saadi, and Aahd Belharti
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Abdominal pain ,Pregnancy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,R895-920 ,Metrorrhagia ,Uterine rupture ,medicine.disease ,Subocclusive syndrome ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Imaging ,Surgery ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,Effusion ,Case report ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Maternal death ,Hemoperitoneum ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Spontaneous uterine rupture of an unscarred uterus is a complication that has dramatic results for both mother and fetus. The clinical presentation commonly comprises abdominal pain and metrorrhagia however we report a case of spontaneous uterine rupture revealed by a subocclusive syndrome. We report a case of a young woman who came to the ER with 3 days of progressive abdominal pain and subocclusive syndrome. The current pregnancy was estimated at 32 weeks of amenorrhea and the patient was hemodynamically stable. An obstetric ultrasound was performed showing a progressive monofoetal pregnancy and moderate peritoneal effusion. In view of the presence of effusion on ultrasound and the subocclusive syndrome, an abdominal and pelvic CT scan with contrast was carried out, showing a fundal uterine rupture defect with contrast media extravasation and intraperitoneal hemoperitoneum. The patient was immediately transferred to the operating room for a caesarean section. Although CT scans use radiation, their contribution was essential to avoid maternal death.
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- 2021
49. Massive Ascites and Pleural Effusion in Preeclampsia
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Sezen Bozkurt Koseoglu, Ruya Deveer, Aysun Camuzcuoglu, Burcu Kasap, and Hakan Camuzcuoglu
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hypertension ,peritoneal effusion ,pregnancy ,Medicine - Abstract
Preeclampsia is defined as new onset hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation and complicates approximately 2-8% of all pregnancies. Release of vasoconstrictive agents, endothelial damage, hyperpermeability of the capillaries and microangiopathic haemolysis involves the basic pathophysiology. It has variable clinical presentation. Here, we report a case of severe preeclampsia who developed postpartum massive ascites and pleural effusion. Primigravid patient was admitted to our clinic at 35 weeks of gestation with very high blood pressure. In biochemical analysis, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was 401 U/L, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was 292 U/L. An emergency caesarean section was performed because of fetal distress. On the 2nd post-operative day, abdominal distension and severe abdominal pain occurred. On the 3rd post-operative day, her abdominal distension increased and Ultrasonography (USG) revealed massive ascites. Abdominal drainage was performed and albumin infusion was administered. On postoperative day 4, she still had abdominal distension and concomitant respiratory distress. Computed Tomography (CT) showed ascites and bilateral pleural effusion. Her complaint regressed on the following days.
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- 2017
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50. Cardiac tamponade secondary to leptospirosis. A rare association: A case report
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Carlos Antonio Aranda-López, Luis Javier Doncel-Vecino, Alejandra Vaello-Paños, Ángel Morales-Martínez de Tejada, Javier Pérez-Cervera, Miguel Sánchez-Sánchez, Gema Delgado-Expósito, and Eugenio Dávila-Dávila
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Case Report ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Pericardial effusion ,Asymptomatic ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Surgery ,Pericardial window ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pericardiocentesis ,Cardiac tamponade ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,030212 general & internal medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Myopericarditis - Abstract
Herein is described the case of a 39-year-old female agronomist who was admitted to hospital after a syncopal episode. She had had fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting for the previous month. The patient showed signs of hypoperfusion, so a trans-thoracic echocardiography was done, demonstrating the presence of a cardiac tamponade. An emergency pericardiocentesis was performed, draining 500 ml of hematic content. Thoracic-abdominal computed tomography showed bilateral pleural effusion and also peritoneal effusion. Laboratory tests were compatible with an inflammatory situation with neutrophilic leukocytosis, alteration of hepatic function, and a plateau elevation of high-sensitivity troponin T. Colchicine was initiated but the evolution of the patient was torpid, making necessary the performance of a pericardial window due to an abrupt increase of pericardial effusion and echocardiographic signs of impending cardiac tamponade. Two chest tubes were inserted due to an increasing bilateral pleural effusion. Serology was positive for Leptospira spp. so doxycycline was initiated. She reported that she had inspected a rice-field the previous month. The patient presented a good response to the treatment, being discharged from hospital completely asymptomatic, with no pericardial effusion and practically resolved pleural effusions. She was evaluated again one month later, with no trace of effusions or symptoms.
- Published
- 2021
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