1. Dose-Adjusted EPOCH Plus Inotuzumab Ozogamicin in Adults With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell ALL: A Phase 1 Dose-Escalation Trial.
- Author
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Kopmar NE, Quach K, Gooley TA, Martino CH, Cherian S, Percival MM, Halpern AB, Ghiuzeli CM, Oehler VG, Abkowitz JL, Walter RB, and Cassaday RD
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma drug therapy, Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma mortality, Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma pathology, Maximum Tolerated Dose, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Inotuzumab Ozogamicin administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols administration & dosage, Etoposide administration & dosage, Etoposide adverse effects, Doxorubicin administration & dosage, Doxorubicin adverse effects, Cyclophosphamide administration & dosage, Cyclophosphamide therapeutic use, Cyclophosphamide adverse effects, Vincristine administration & dosage, Vincristine adverse effects, Vincristine therapeutic use, Prednisone administration & dosage, Prednisone adverse effects, Prednisone therapeutic use
- Abstract
Importance: Options for adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma (B-ALL) are limited, and new approaches are needed. Inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) has been combined with low-intensity chemotherapy, with modest improvements over historical controls, and dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin (DA-EPOCH) treatment is safe and active for newly diagnosed ALL., Objective: To assess the safety and clinical activity of DA-EPOCH and InO in adults with relapsed or refractory B-ALL., Design, Setting, and Participants: This single-center, single-arm, nonrandomized, phase 1 dose-escalation trial included adults with relapsed or refractory CD22+ B-ALL and was conducted between September 2019 and November 2022. At least 5% blood or marrow blasts or measurable extramedullary disease (EMD) was required for enrollment., Interventions: DA-EPOCH was given on days 1 to 5, while InO was given on day 8 and day 15 of a 28-day cycle. Three dose levels were studied using a bayesian optimal interval design., Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the maximum tolerated dose of InO when combined with DA-EPOCH, defined as the highest dose level that produced a rate of dose-limiting toxicity below 33%. Secondary objectives included response rates, survival estimates, and descriptions of toxic effects., Results: A total of 24 participants were screened and enrolled (median age, 46 [range, 28-76] years; 15 [62%] male). The median number of lines of prior therapy was 3 (range, 1-12). Three of 11 participants (27%) treated at the highest dose level (InO, 0.6 mg/m2, on day 8 and day 15) experienced dose-limiting toxicity, making this the maximum tolerated dose. No deaths occurred during the study, and only 1 patient (4%; 95% CI, 0.1%-21%) developed sinusoidal obstructive syndrome after poststudy allograft. The morphologic complete response rate was 84% (95% CI, 60%-97%), 88% (95% CI, 62%-98%) of which was measurable residual disease negative by flow cytometry. Five of 6 participants with EMD experienced treatment response. The overall response rate was 83% (95% CI, 63%-95%). Median overall survival, duration of response, and event-free survival were 17.0 (95% CI, 8.4-not reached), 15.0 (95% CI, 6.7-not reached), and 9.6 (95% CI, 4.5-not reached) months, respectively., Conclusions: In this study, adding InO to DA-EPOCH in adults with relapsed or refractory B-ALL was feasible, with high response rates and sinusoidal obstructive syndrome occurring rarely in a heavily pretreated population. Many patients were able to proceed to poststudy consolidative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant and/or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Further investigation of this combination is warranted., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03991884.
- Published
- 2024
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