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JR Valdizán-Usón,1 A Cánovas-Martínez,2 MT De Lucas-Taracena,3 F Díaz-Atienza,4 LS Eddy-Ives,5 A Fernández-Jaén,6 M Fernández-Pérez,7 M García-Giral,8 P García-Magán,9 M Garraus-Oneca,10 MA Idiazábal-Alecha,11 M López-Benito,12 G Lorenzo-Sanz,13 J Martínez-Antón,14 MA Martínez-Granero,15 F Montañés-Rada,16 F Mulas-Delgado,17 G Ochando-Perales,18 E Ortega-García,19 A Pelaz-Antolín,20 JA Ramos-Quiroga,21 FC Ruiz-Sanz,22 J Vaquerizo-Madrid,23 A Yusta-Izquierdo241Unidad Trastornos Neurofuncionales, Clínica Montpellier, Zaragoza, 2Hospital Dr Peset, Valencia, 3Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 4Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, 5Centre Mèdic Sant Ramon, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, 6Hospital Universitario Quirón, Madrid, 7Centro de Salud La Felguera, Langreo, Asturias, 8Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, 9Unidad Salud Mental, Talavera de la Reina, 10Clínica Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, 11Hospital Ntra. Sra. del Pilar, Barcelona, 12Centro Salud Contrueces, Gijón, 13Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, 14Complejo Hospitalario Carlos Haya, Málaga, 15Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, 16Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, 17Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, 18Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, 19Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, 20Centro Salud Mental, Alcalá de Henares, 21Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. CIBERSAM. Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 22Hospital General Rio Carrión, Palencia, 23Hospital Materno-Infantil, Badajoz, 24Hospital Universitario, Guadalajara, SpainBackground: The purpose of this multicenter Spanish study was to evaluate the response to immediate-release methylphenidate by children and adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as to obtain information on current therapy patterns and safety characteristics.Methods: This multicenter, observational, retrospective, noninterventional study included 730 patients aged 4–65 years with a diagnosis of ADHD. Information was obtained based on a review of medical records for the years 2002–2006 in sequential order.Results: The ADHD predominantly inattentive subtype affected 29.7% of patients, ADHD predominantly hyperactive-impulsive was found in 5.2%, and the combined subtype in 65.1%. Overall, a significant lower Clinical Global Impression (CGI) score and mean number of DSM-IV TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition, Text Revision) symptoms by subtype were found after one year of treatment with immediate-release methylphenidate; CGI decreased from 4.51 to 1.69, symptoms of inattention from 7.90 to 4.34, symptoms of hyperactivity from 6.73 to 3.39, and combined subtype symptoms from 14.62 to 7.7. Satisfaction with immediate-release methylphenidate after one year was evaluated as “very satisfied” or “satisfied” by 86.90% of the sample; 25.75% of all patients reported at least one adverse effect. At the end of the study, 41.47% of all the patients treated with immediate-release methylphenidate were still receiving it, with a mean time of 3.80 years on therapy.Conclusion: Good efficacy and safety results were found for immediate-release methylphenidate in patients with ADHD.Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD, pharmacologic treatment, methylphenidate, satisfaction

Byline: R. Femat, C. Jimenez, S. Bowong, G. Solis-Perales This contribution deals with the optimisation of the chaos suppression via robust (low-parameterised) adaptive feedback. The robust adaptive feedback (RAF) has been proved to be capable of inducing the chaos suppression in face of uncertainties and exogenous disturbances. In this contribution the RAF scheme is accomplished with an optimal tuning scheme based on Riccatti equations. The underlying idea is to optimise the robust chaos suppression by accounting the control effort despite the saturation in electronic components. A finite horizon can be arbitrarily established by ensuring that the chaos suppression is achieved at established time. It should be noted that there is not exact convergence to the non-chaotic reference. As a matter of fact, only the suppression of the chaotic behaviour is aimed. An advantage is that the proposed scheme accounts the energy wasted by the controller and the closed-loop performance on suppression. Numerical and experimental results show the performance of the optimisation strategy.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer (BC) with a heterogeneous nature that stains negatively for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) during immunohistochemistry. Approximately 15-20% of all cases of breast cancer are triple negative phenotypes. Compared to patients with hormone receptor-positive cancer, TNBC patients are typically younger (<50 years), African American, and have a high incidence of mutations in BRCA1/2 genes. To date, not a single targeted therapy has been approved for TNBC treatment, and cytotoxic chemotherapy remains as the standard systemic treatment, meaning that TNBC is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. In this review, the literature search was done up to date on which gene expression profile of TNBC has been analyzed in order to identify the consensus on molecular mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis and/or the prognostic markers of the disease. In conclusion, these studies have reported that TNBC is composed of several clusters or genomic signatures as basal keratins. They have also reported on their proliferation, luminal/basal apocrine, regulatory interferon, immune cells/immunoglobulin related to stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal, androgen receptor and angiogenesis. However, not all research groups have reported reproducible results. This confirms the heterogeneous nature of TNBC and the need for research on uniform selection criteria. However, these discoveries have led to the proposal of new treatments, such as the addition of platinum salts, new combinations of therapeutic agents, some targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors, and PI3K and androgen antagonists. There is no doubt that a better understanding of the nature of TNBC will allow individualized and more effective therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study which aims to identify the novel variants of inteferon-tau (IFNT) gene in Bighorn sheep and Pelibuey sheep as well as its expression in hybrid blastocysts. It reveals that INFT is the major signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) in ruminants. It concludes that there is an effect of hybridization on IFNT expression which can affect the MRP.

This paper deals with the problem of trajectory tracking for a broad class of uncertain nonlinear systems with multiple inputs each one subject to an unknown symmetric deadzone. On the basis of a model of the deadzone as a combination of a linear term and a disturbance-like term, a continuous-time recurrent neural network is directly employed in order to identify the uncertain dynamics. By using a Lyapunov analysis, the exponential convergence of the identification error to a bounded zone is demonstrated. Subsequently, by a proper control law, the state of the neural network is compelled to follow a bounded reference trajectory. This control law is designed in such a way that the singularity problem is conveniently avoided and the exponential convergence to a bounded zone of the difference between the state of the neural identifier and the reference trajectory can be proven. Thus, the exponential convergence of the tracking error to a bounded zone and the boundedness of all closed-loop signals can be guaranteed. One of the main advantages of the proposed strategy is that the controller can work satisfactorily without any specific knowledge of an upper bound for the unmodeled dynamics and/or the disturbance term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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