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1. Position paper of the Italian Society of Cardiology: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade in heart failure patients - Part I: From RAAS identification to clinical trials [Position paper della Società Italiana di Cardiologia: Il blocco del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterone (RAAS) nel paziente con scompenso cardiaco – Parte I: Dalla scoperta del RAAS ai trial clinici]

Author

Filardi, P, Paolillo, S, Indolfi, C, Agostoni, P, Basso, C, Barilla, F, Correale, M, Curcio, A, Mancone, M, Merlo, M, Metra, M, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Palazzuoli, A, Pedrinelli, R, Pontremoli, R, Senni, M, Volpe, M, Sinagra, G, Filardi P. P., Paolillo S., Indolfi C., Agostoni P., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., Sinagra G., Filardi, P, Paolillo, S, Indolfi, C, Agostoni, P, Basso, C, Barilla, F, Correale, M, Curcio, A, Mancone, M, Merlo, M, Metra, M, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Palazzuoli, A, Pedrinelli, R, Pontremoli, R, Senni, M, Volpe, M, Sinagra, G, Filardi P. P., Paolillo S., Indolfi C., Agostoni P., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., and Sinagra G.

Abstract

L’inibizione del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterone (RAAS) rappresenta un caposaldo del trattamento farmacologico dello scompenso cardiaco a ridotta frazione di eiezione ed è stato potenziato dall’arrivo degli inibitori del recettore dell’angiotensina e della neprilisina (ARNI) che combinano l’inibizione del RAAS con l’inibizione della neprilisina responsabile di un incremento delle attività favorevoli dei peptidi natriuretici. Sacubitril/valsartan ha dimostrato nello studio PARADIGM-HF un netto vantaggio rispetto ad enalapril in termini di riduzione di mortalità ed ospedalizzazioni per insufficienza cardiaca e numerosi altri trial randomizzati e studi clinici ne hanno testato l’efficacia in differenti contesti. Dai risultati di questi studi è derivata la raccomandazione di classe I per l’utilizzo del farmaco in pazienti con frazione di eiezione ridotta. La prima parte di questo position paper esplora la storia dell’inibizione del RAAS per passare poi ad una dettagliata analisi dei risultati ottenuti negli studi clinici con gli ARNI che ne supportano le raccomandazioni delle più recenti linee guida., Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system inhibition is a mainstay of the pharmacological treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and has been implemented by the introduction of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), that combine RAAS inhibition with the inhibition of neprilysin, enhancing the favorable effects of natriuretic peptides. The PARADIGM-HF trial demonstrated a favorable effect of sacubitril/valsartan over enalapril in terms of mortality and heart failure hospitalization rate reduction. Then several randomized clinical trials and observational studies confirmed the favorable role of ARNI in different clinical scenarios, supporting the guideline class I recommendation for the use of sacubitrilvalsartan in patients with reduced systolic function. The first part of this position paper summarizes the history of RAAS inhibition and reports the results of ARNI trials that support the recommendations of the most recent guidelines.

Published
2022

2. Position paper of the Italian Society of Cardiology: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade in heart failure patients - Part II: Mechanistic effects of sacubitril/valsartan, placement in current guidelines and use in clinical practice [Position paper della Società Italiana di Cardiologia: Il blocco del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterone nel paziente con scompenso cardiaco – Parte II: Effetti meccanicistici di sacubitril/valsartan, posizionamento nelle linee guida ed utilizzo nella pratica clinica]

Author

Filardi, P, Indolfi, C, Paolillo, S, Agostoni, P, Basso, C, Barilla, F, Correale, M, Curcio, A, Mancone, M, Merlo, M, Metra, M, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Palazzuoli, A, Pedrinelli, R, Pontremoli, R, Senni, M, Volpe, M, Sinagra, G, Filardi P. P., Indolfi C., Paolillo S., Agostoni P., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., Sinagra G., Filardi, P, Indolfi, C, Paolillo, S, Agostoni, P, Basso, C, Barilla, F, Correale, M, Curcio, A, Mancone, M, Merlo, M, Metra, M, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Palazzuoli, A, Pedrinelli, R, Pontremoli, R, Senni, M, Volpe, M, Sinagra, G, Filardi P. P., Indolfi C., Paolillo S., Agostoni P., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., and Sinagra G.

Abstract

Il trattamento con sacubitril/valsartan ha assunto un ruolo di primo piano nelle ultime linee guida sia europee che americane, ed è attualmente raccomandato in classe I per il trattamento dei pazienti con ridotta frazione di eiezione. Accanto ai ben noti effetti sulla mortalità, sacubitril/valsartan agisce positivamente sulla riduzione dei valori di NT-proBNP e su parametri di rimodellamento ventricolare sinistro, determinando un rimodellamento inverso riconosciuto come uno degli effetti meccanicistici del farmaco atto a spiegare in parte il suo effetto favorevole sulla prognosi. Un’attenta valutazione del profilo di ogni singolo paziente consente un utilizzo più mirato e meglio tollerato del farmaco, garantendo anche in ambito di insufficienza cardiaca la strada della medicina di precisione. La seconda parte di questo position paper esplora gli effetti meccanicistici degli inibitori del recettore dell’angiotensina e della neprilisina e il loro posizionamento nelle linee guida, proponendo in ultima analisi un uso di sacubitril/valsartan in specifici contesti clinici., The use of sacubitril/valsartan has been fully recognized in the most recent European and American guidelines that recommend in class I the prescription of this drug in heart failure patients with reduced systolic function. Besides the effects on cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalization, sacubitril/valsartan significantly reduces NT-proBNP levels and improves cardiac remodeling, recognized as one of the mechanistic effects of the drug that is linked to favorable prognostic effects. A careful evaluation of the patients' clinical profile is needed to implement the use of sacubitril/valsartan into clinical practice and to make the treatment successful. This second part of the position paper focuses on the mechanistic effects of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors and on its placement in current guidelines, also suggesting the use of sacubitril/valsartan in specific clinical settings.

Published
2022

3. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition in patients affected by heart failure: efficacy, mechanistic effects and practical use of sacubitril/valsartan. Position Paper of the Italian Society of Cardiology

Author

Perrone-Filardi, P, Paolillo, S, Agostoni, P, Basile, C, Basso, C, Barilla, F, Correale, M, Curcio, A, Mancone, M, Merlo, M, Metra, M, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Palazzuoli, A, Pedrinelli, R, Pontremoli, R, Senni, M, Volpe, M, Indolfi, C, Sinagra, G, Perrone-Filardi P., Paolillo S., Agostoni P., Basile C., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., Indolfi C., Sinagra G., Perrone-Filardi, P, Paolillo, S, Agostoni, P, Basile, C, Basso, C, Barilla, F, Correale, M, Curcio, A, Mancone, M, Merlo, M, Metra, M, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Palazzuoli, A, Pedrinelli, R, Pontremoli, R, Senni, M, Volpe, M, Indolfi, C, Sinagra, G, Perrone-Filardi P., Paolillo S., Agostoni P., Basile C., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., Indolfi C., and Sinagra G.

Abstract

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition is a mainstay of the pharmacological treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). In the last years RAAS blockade has been improved by the introduction of the Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan, that combines RAAS inhibition with the block of neprilysin, boosting the positive effects of natriuretic peptides. The PARADIGM-HF trial demonstrated a significant advantage of sacubitril/valsartan over enalapril on the reduction of cardiovascular (CV) mortality and heart failure hospitalizations rates. Then, several randomized clinical trials and observational studies investigated its role in different clinical settings and its efficacy has been fully recognized in the most recent HFrEF European and USA guidelines. The effects of sacubitril/valsartan on major CV outcomes are associated with reduction of NT-proBNP levels and reverse cardiac remodeling and mitral regurgitation, recognized as one of the mechanistic effects of the drug explaining the favorable prognostic effects. A careful evaluation of patients’ clinical profile is relevant to implement the use of ARNI in the clinical practice and to obtain the maximal treatment efficacy. The present Position Paper reports the opinion of the Italian Society of Cardiology on the optimal blockade of the RAAS system in HF patients with the aim of fostering widespread implementation of scientific evidence and practice guidelines in the medical community.

Published
2022

4. Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC) Expert consensus document: Post-acute cardiovascular sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Indolfi C., Barilla F., Basso C., Ciccone M. M., Curcio A., Gargiulo P., Nodari S., Mercuro G., Mancone M., Muscoli S., Pedrinelli R., Porcari A., Spaccarotella C., Romeo F., Sinagra G., Filardi P. P., Indolfi, C., Barilla, F., Basso, C., Ciccone, M. M., Curcio, A., Gargiulo, P., Nodari, S., Mercuro, G., Mancone, M., Muscoli, S., Pedrinelli, R., Porcari, A., Spaccarotella, C., Romeo, F., Sinagra, G., and Filardi, P. P.

Abstract

Although the clinical course of COVID-19 in its acute phase is now delineated, less known is its late phase characterized by a heterogeneous series of sequelae affecting various organs and systems, including the cardiovascular system, which continue after the acute episode or arise after their resolution. This syndrome, now referred with the new acronym "PASC" (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection) has been formally recognized by various scientific societies and international organizations that have proposed various definitions. The World Health Organization defines PASC, distinguishing it from "ongoing symptomatic COVID-19", as a condition that arises few weeks after infection, persists at least 8 weeks, and cannot be explained by alternative diagnoses.There are multiple mechanisms responsible for PASC: inflammation, immune activation, viral persistence, activation of latent viruses, endothelial dysfunction, impaired response to exercise, and profound cardiac deconditioning following viral infection. The key symptoms of PASC are palpitations, effort dyspnea, chest pain, exercise intolerance, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.For PASC treatment, it may be useful to take salt and fluid loading, to reduce symptoms such as tachycardia, palpitations, and/or orthostatic hypotension, or in some subjects the use of drugs such as beta-blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, ivabradine, and fludrocortisone.Finally, in PASC a gradual resumption of physical activity is recommended, starting with recumbent or semi-recumbent exercise, such as cycling, swimming, or rowing, and then moving on to exercise in an upright position such as running when the ability to stand improves without dyspnea appearance. Exercise duration should also be short initially (5 to 10 min per day), with gradual increases as functional capacity improves.

Published
2022

5. [Italian Society of Cardiology-Italian Society of Nephrology Consensus document: The cardio-renal interaction in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases - Part II: From preventive strategies to treatment of patients with cardio-renal damage]

Author

Indolfi C., Barilla F., Basile C., Basso C., Cantaluppi V., Capasso G., Ciccone M. M., Contessi S., Curcio A., De Nicola L., Esposito C., Imeraj A., Lecis D., Mancone M., Marengo M., Mercuro G., Merlo M., Metra M., Adamo M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Pagura L., Paoletti E., Paolillo S., Pedrinelli R., Filardi P. P., Pertosa G. B., Pezzato A., Pontremoli R., Romeo F., Ruggenenti P., Ronco C., Santoro A., Sinagra G., Spaccarotella C., Zippo D., Zoccali C., Messa P., Indolfi, C., Barilla, F., Basile, C., Basso, C., Cantaluppi, V., Capasso, G., Ciccone, M. M., Contessi, S., Curcio, A., De Nicola, L., Esposito, C., Imeraj, A., Lecis, D., Mancone, M., Marengo, M., Mercuro, G., Merlo, M., Metra, M., Adamo, M., Muscoli, S., Nodari, S., Pagura, L., Paoletti, E., Paolillo, S., Pedrinelli, R., Filardi, P. P., Pertosa, G. B., Pezzato, A., Pontremoli, R., Romeo, F., Ruggenenti, P., Ronco, C., Santoro, A., Sinagra, G., Spaccarotella, C., Zippo, D., Zoccali, C., and Messa, P.

Subjects
Diabetes mellitu, Consensus, Cardiology, Contrast Media, Cardiovascular disease, Atrial fibrillation, Cardiovascular Diseases, Nephrology, Acute kidney disease, Chronic kidney disease, Humans, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Renal Insufficiency, Hyperkaliemia, Chronic
Abstract

Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease are strictly connected each other with a bidirectional interaction. Thus, the prevention of cardio-renal damage, as its appropriate treatment, are essential steps for a correct management of long-term patients' prognosis. Several preventive and therapeutic strategies, pharmacological and not, are now available for cardio-renal damage prevention and treatment, and for the management of its complications. The second part of this consensus document focuses on the management and treatment of cardio-renal damage, directing the attention on the correct use of drugs that may slow renal disease progression, on the application of preventive strategies in case of invasive cardiac procedures with the use of contrast agents, and on the accurate use of cardiological drugs in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Published
2022

6. Position paper of the Italian Society of Cardiology: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade in heart failure patients - Part I: From RAAS identification to clinical trials

Author

Filardi P. P., Paolillo S., Indolfi C., Agostoni P., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., Sinagra G., Filardi, P. P., Paolillo, S., Indolfi, C., Agostoni, P., Basso, C., Barilla, F., Correale, M., Curcio, A., Mancone, M., Merlo, M., Metra, M., Muscoli, S., Nodari, S., Palazzuoli, A., Pedrinelli, R., Pontremoli, R., Senni, M., Volpe, M., and Sinagra, G.

Subjects
Renin-Angiotensin System, Heart Failure, Clinical Trials as Topic, Aminobutyrate, Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist, Biphenyl Compound, Cardiology, Tetrazole, Human
Abstract

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system inhibition is a mainstay of the pharmacological treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and has been implemented by the introduction of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), that combine RAAS inhibition with the inhibition of neprilysin, enhancing the favorable effects of natriuretic peptides. The PARADIGM-HF trial demonstrated a favorable effect of sacubitril/valsartan over enalapril in terms of mortality and heart failure hospitalization rate reduction. Then several randomized clinical trials and observational studies confirmed the favorable role of ARNI in different clinical scenarios, supporting the guideline class I recommendation for the use of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with reduced systolic function. The first part of this position paper summarizes the history of RAAS inhibition and reports the results of ARNI trials that support the recommendations of the most recent guidelines.

Published
2022

7. Position paper of the Italian Society of Cardiology: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade in heart failure patients - Part II: Mechanistic effects of sacubitril/valsartan, placement in current guidelines and use in clinical practice

Author

Filardi P. P., Indolfi C., Paolillo S., Agostoni P., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., Sinagra G., Filardi, P. P., Indolfi, C., Paolillo, S., Agostoni, P., Basso, C., Barilla, F., Correale, M., Curcio, A., Mancone, M., Merlo, M., Metra, M., Muscoli, S., Nodari, S., Palazzuoli, A., Pedrinelli, R., Pontremoli, R., Senni, M., Volpe, M., and Sinagra, G.

Subjects
Renin-Angiotensin System, Heart Failure, Aminobutyrate, Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist, Biphenyl Compound, Cardiology, Valsartan, Tetrazole, Human
Abstract

The use of sacubitril/valsartan has been fully recognized in the most recent European and American guidelines that recommend in class I the prescription of this drug in heart failure patients with reduced systolic function. Besides the effects on cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalization, sacubitril/valsartan significantly reduces NT-proBNP levels and improves cardiac remodeling, recognized as one of the mechanistic effects of the drug that is linked to favorable prognostic effects. A careful evaluation of the patients' clinical profile is needed to implement the use of sacubitril/valsartan into clinical practice and to make the treatment successful. This second part of the position paper focuses on the mechanistic effects of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors and on its placement in current guidelines, also suggesting the use of sacubitril/valsartan in specific clinical settings.

Published
2022

8. Position paper of the Italian Society of Cardiology: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade in heart failure patients - Part I: From RAAS identification to clinical trials [Position paper della Società Italiana di Cardiologia: Il blocco del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterone (RAAS) nel paziente con scompenso cardiaco – Parte I: Dalla scoperta del RAAS ai trial clinici]

Author

Filardi P. P., Paolillo S., Indolfi C., Agostoni P., Basso C., Barilla F., Correale M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Merlo M., Metra M., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Palazzuoli A., Pedrinelli R., Pontremoli R., Senni M., Volpe M., Sinagra G., Filardi, P, Paolillo, S, Indolfi, C, Agostoni, P, Basso, C, Barilla, F, Correale, M, Curcio, A, Mancone, M, Merlo, M, Metra, M, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Palazzuoli, A, Pedrinelli, R, Pontremoli, R, Senni, M, Volpe, M, and Sinagra, G

Subjects
Heart Failure, Renin-Angiotensin System, Aminobutyrate, Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist, Scompenso cardiaco, Biphenyl Compound, Cardiology, Inibitori del recettore dell’angiotensina e della neprilisina, Sacubitril/valsartan, Scompenso cardiaco a frazione di eiezione ridotta, Linee guida, Tetrazole, Human
Abstract

L’inibizione del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterone (RAAS) rappresenta un caposaldo del trattamento farmacologico dello scompenso cardiaco a ridotta frazione di eiezione ed è stato potenziato dall’arrivo degli inibitori del recettore dell’angiotensina e della neprilisina (ARNI) che combinano l’inibizione del RAAS con l’inibizione della neprilisina responsabile di un incremento delle attività favorevoli dei peptidi natriuretici. Sacubitril/valsartan ha dimostrato nello studio PARADIGM-HF un netto vantaggio rispetto ad enalapril in termini di riduzione di mortalità ed ospedalizzazioni per insufficienza cardiaca e numerosi altri trial randomizzati e studi clinici ne hanno testato l’efficacia in differenti contesti. Dai risultati di questi studi è derivata la raccomandazione di classe I per l’utilizzo del farmaco in pazienti con frazione di eiezione ridotta. La prima parte di questo position paper esplora la storia dell’inibizione del RAAS per passare poi ad una dettagliata analisi dei risultati ottenuti negli studi clinici con gli ARNI che ne supportano le raccomandazioni delle più recenti linee guida. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system inhibition is a mainstay of the pharmacological treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and has been implemented by the introduction of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), that combine RAAS inhibition with the inhibition of neprilysin, enhancing the favorable effects of natriuretic peptides. The PARADIGM-HF trial demonstrated a favorable effect of sacubitril/valsartan over enalapril in terms of mortality and heart failure hospitalization rate reduction. Then several randomized clinical trials and observational studies confirmed the favorable role of ARNI in different clinical scenarios, supporting the guideline class I recommendation for the use of sacubitrilvalsartan in patients with reduced systolic function. The first part of this position paper summarizes the history of RAAS inhibition and reports the results of ARNI trials that support the recommendations of the most recent guidelines.

Published
2022

9. Reduction of hospitalizations for myocardial infarction in Italy in the COVID-19 era

Author

De Rosa, S, Spaccarotella, C, Basso, C, Calabro, M, Curcio, A, Filardi, P, Mancone, M, Mercuro, G, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Pedrinelli, R, Sinagra, G, Indolfi, C, Angelini, F, Barilla, F, Bartorelli, A, Benedetto, F, Bernabo, P, Bolognese, L, Briani, M, Cacciavillani, L, Calabrese, A, Calabro, P, Caliendo, L, Calo, L, Casella, G, Casu, G, Cavallini, C, Ciampi, Q, Ciccone, M, Comito, M, Corrada, E, Crea, F, D'Andrea, A, D'Urbano, M, De Caterina, R, De Ferrari, G, De Ponti, R, Della Mattia, A, DI Mario, C, Donnazzan, L, Esposito, G, Fedele, F, Ferraro, A, Galasso, G, Galie, N, Gnecchi, M, Golino, P, Golia, B, Guarini, P, Leonardi, S, Locuratolo, N, Luzza, F, Manganiello, V, Francesca Marchetti, M, Marenzi, G, Margonato, A, Meloni, L, Metra, M, Milo, M, Mongiardo, A, Monzo, L, Morisco, C, Novo, G, Pancaldi, S, Parollo, M, Paterno, G, Patti, G, Priori, S, Ravera, A, Giuseppe Rebuzzi, A, Rossi, M, Scherillo, M, Semprini, F, Senni, M, Sibilio, G, Siviglia, M, Tamburino, C, Tortorici, G, Versace, F, Villari, B, Volpe, M, De Rosa S., Spaccarotella C., Basso C., Calabro M. P., Curcio A., Filardi P. P., Mancone M., Mercuro G., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Pedrinelli R., Sinagra G., Indolfi C., Angelini F., Barilla F., Bartorelli A., Benedetto F., Bernabo P., Bolognese L., Briani M., Cacciavillani L., Calabrese A., Calabro P., Caliendo L., Calo L., Casella G., Casu G., Cavallini C., Ciampi Q., Ciccone M., Comito M., Corrada E., Crea F., D'Andrea A., D'Urbano M., De Caterina R., De Ferrari G., De Ponti R., Della Mattia A., DI Mario C., Donnazzan L., Esposito G., Fedele F., Ferraro A., Galasso G., Galie N., Gnecchi M., Golino P., Golia B., Guarini P., Leonardi S., Locuratolo N., Luzza F., Manganiello V., Francesca Marchetti M., Marenzi G., Margonato A., Meloni L., Metra M., Milo M., Mongiardo A., Monzo L., Morisco C., Novo G., Pancaldi S., Parollo M., Paterno G., Patti G., Priori S., Ravera A., Giuseppe Rebuzzi A., Rossi M., Scherillo M., Semprini F., Senni M., Sibilio G., Siviglia M., Tamburino C., Tortorici G., Versace F., Villari B., Volpe M., De Rosa, S, Spaccarotella, C, Basso, C, Calabro, M, Curcio, A, Filardi, P, Mancone, M, Mercuro, G, Muscoli, S, Nodari, S, Pedrinelli, R, Sinagra, G, Indolfi, C, Angelini, F, Barilla, F, Bartorelli, A, Benedetto, F, Bernabo, P, Bolognese, L, Briani, M, Cacciavillani, L, Calabrese, A, Calabro, P, Caliendo, L, Calo, L, Casella, G, Casu, G, Cavallini, C, Ciampi, Q, Ciccone, M, Comito, M, Corrada, E, Crea, F, D'Andrea, A, D'Urbano, M, De Caterina, R, De Ferrari, G, De Ponti, R, Della Mattia, A, DI Mario, C, Donnazzan, L, Esposito, G, Fedele, F, Ferraro, A, Galasso, G, Galie, N, Gnecchi, M, Golino, P, Golia, B, Guarini, P, Leonardi, S, Locuratolo, N, Luzza, F, Manganiello, V, Francesca Marchetti, M, Marenzi, G, Margonato, A, Meloni, L, Metra, M, Milo, M, Mongiardo, A, Monzo, L, Morisco, C, Novo, G, Pancaldi, S, Parollo, M, Paterno, G, Patti, G, Priori, S, Ravera, A, Giuseppe Rebuzzi, A, Rossi, M, Scherillo, M, Semprini, F, Senni, M, Sibilio, G, Siviglia, M, Tamburino, C, Tortorici, G, Versace, F, Villari, B, Volpe, M, De Rosa S., Spaccarotella C., Basso C., Calabro M. P., Curcio A., Filardi P. P., Mancone M., Mercuro G., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Pedrinelli R., Sinagra G., Indolfi C., Angelini F., Barilla F., Bartorelli A., Benedetto F., Bernabo P., Bolognese L., Briani M., Cacciavillani L., Calabrese A., Calabro P., Caliendo L., Calo L., Casella G., Casu G., Cavallini C., Ciampi Q., Ciccone M., Comito M., Corrada E., Crea F., D'Andrea A., D'Urbano M., De Caterina R., De Ferrari G., De Ponti R., Della Mattia A., DI Mario C., Donnazzan L., Esposito G., Fedele F., Ferraro A., Galasso G., Galie N., Gnecchi M., Golino P., Golia B., Guarini P., Leonardi S., Locuratolo N., Luzza F., Manganiello V., Francesca Marchetti M., Marenzi G., Margonato A., Meloni L., Metra M., Milo M., Mongiardo A., Monzo L., Morisco C., Novo G., Pancaldi S., Parollo M., Paterno G., Patti G., Priori S., Ravera A., Giuseppe Rebuzzi A., Rossi M., Scherillo M., Semprini F., Senni M., Sibilio G., Siviglia M., Tamburino C., Tortorici G., Versace F., Villari B., and Volpe M.

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patient admissions to Italian cardiac care units (CCUs). Methods and Results: We conducted a multicentre, observational, nationwide survey to collect data on admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at Italian CCUs throughout a 1 week period during the COVID-19 outbreak, compared with the equivalent week in 2019. We observed a 48.4% reduction in admissions for AMI compared with the equivalent week in 2019 (P < 0.001). The reduction was significant for both ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI; 26.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 21.7-32.3; P = 0.009] and non-STEMI (NSTEMI; 65.1%, 95% CI 60.3-70.3; P < 0.001). Among STEMIs, the reduction was higher for women (41.2%; P = 0.011) than men (17.8%; P = 0.191). A similar reduction in AMI admissions was registered in North Italy (52.1%), Central Italy (59.3%), and South Italy (52.1%). The STEMI case fatality rate during the pandemic was substantially increased compared with 2019 [risk ratio (RR) = 3.3, 95% CI 1.7-6.6; P < 0.001]. A parallel increase in complications was also registered (RR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.8; P = 0.009). Conclusion: Admissions for AMI were significantly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic across Italy, with a parallel increase in fatality and complication rates. This constitutes a serious social issue, demanding attention by the scientific and healthcare communities and public regulatory agencies.

Published
2020

10. Lack of a relationship between circulating gamma-glutamyltransferase levels and carotid intima media thickness in hypertensive and diabetic patients

Author

Pedrinelli R, Balbarini A, Nuti M, Spontoni P, Grigoratos C, and Dell'Omo G

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Marco Nuti, Paolo Spontoni, Chrysanthos Grigoratos, Giulia Dell'Omo, Alberto Balbarini, Roberto PedrinelliDipartimento Cardio Toracico e Vascolare, Università di Pisa, Pisa, ItalyBackground: By increasing the intracellular prooxidant burden, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) may accelerate atherosclerotic vascular disease. That noxious influence may be reflected by circulating enzyme levels, a correlate of cardiovascular risk factors, and a predictor of incident events. To evaluate this hypothesis, we tested the association between circulating GGT and common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a surrogate index of systemic atherosclerotic involvement, in a large and well-characterized group of patients at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).Patients: This study analyzed 548 patients with hypertension and/or diabetes and a widely prevalent history of CVD. Subjects with known hepatic disease and abnormal GGT values were excluded.Methods: CIMT (B-mode ultrasonography) values were the mean of four far-wall measurements at both common carotids. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was diagnosed according to National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Due to inherent sex-related differences in GGT levels, the data were analyzed separately in males and females in samples dichotomized by the median.Results: The age-adjusted CIMT values did not differ by GGT levels in males or females. In contrast, the carotid wall was consistently thicker in patients with a history of CVD and MetS independent of age and concurrent GGT values. In both sexes, GGT was associated with key components of the MetS such as triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and body mass index.Conclusion: The data collected in this mixed group of hypertensive and/or diabetic patients with widely prevalent history of CVD do not support the concept of a direct pathophysiological link between GGT levels within reference limits and atherosclerotic involvement.Keywords: gamma-glutamyltransferase, carotid intima-media thickness, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome

Published
2012

11. Position paper of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC) on COVID-19 vaccine priority in patients with cardiovascular diseases

Author

Indolfi C., Barilla F., Basso C., Ciccone M. M., Curcio A., Mancone M., Mercuro G., Muscoli S., Nodari S., Pedrinelli R., Sinagra G., Filardi P. P., Romeo F., Indolfi, C., Barilla, F., Basso, C., Ciccone, M. M., Curcio, A., Mancone, M., Mercuro, G., Muscoli, S., Nodari, S., Pedrinelli, R., Romeo, F., Sinagra, G., and Filardi, P. P.

Subjects
Cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine, Age Factors, Animals, COVID-19 Vaccines, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Disease, Disease Vectors, Heart Failure, Heart Transplantation, Heart Valve Diseases, Humans, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Italy, Prognosis, Renal Insufficiency, Societies, Medical, Vaccines, Synthetic, Consensus, Prognosi, COVID-19 Vaccine, Medical, Age Factor, Disease Vector, Vaccines, Animal, Synthetic, Pulmonary, Cardiovascular disease, Heart Valve Disease, Hypertension, Societies, Human
Abstract

In over a year, the COVID-19 pandemic caused 2.69 million deaths and 122 million infections. Social isolation and distancing measures have been the only prevention available for months. Scientific research has done a great deal of work, developing in a few months safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19. In the European Union, nowadays, four vaccines have been authorized for use: Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca/Oxford), Janssen (Johnson & Johnson), and three others are currently under rolling review. Vaccine allocation policy is crucial to optimize the advantage of treatment preferring people with the highest risk of contagion. These days the priority in the vaccination program is of particular importance since it has become clear that the number of vaccines is not sufficient for the entire Italian population in the short term. Cardiovascular diseases are frequently associated with severe COVID-19 infections, leading to the worst prognosis. The elderly population suffering from cardiovascular diseases is, therefore, to be considered a particularly vulnerable population. However, age cannot be considered the only discriminating factor because in the young-adult population suffering from severe forms of heart disease, the prognosis, if affected by COVID-19, is particularly ominous and these patients should have priority access to the vaccination program. The aim of this position paper is to establish a consensus on a priority in the vaccination of COVID-19 among subjects suffering from different cardiovascular diseases.

Published
2021

12. When should cardiovascular prevention begin? The importance of antenatal, perinatal and primordial prevention

Author

D'Ascenzi, F, Sciaccaluga, C, Cameli, M, Cecere, A, Ciccone, M, Di Francesco, S, Ganau, A, Imbalzano, E, Liga, R, Palermo, P, Palmiero, P, Parati, G, Pedrinelli, R, Scicchitano, P, Zito, A, Mattioli, A, D'Ascenzi F., Sciaccaluga C., Cameli M., Cecere A., Ciccone M. M., Di Francesco S., Ganau A., Imbalzano E., Liga R., Palermo P., Palmiero P., Parati G., Pedrinelli R., Scicchitano P., Zito A., Mattioli A. V., D'Ascenzi, F, Sciaccaluga, C, Cameli, M, Cecere, A, Ciccone, M, Di Francesco, S, Ganau, A, Imbalzano, E, Liga, R, Palermo, P, Palmiero, P, Parati, G, Pedrinelli, R, Scicchitano, P, Zito, A, Mattioli, A, D'Ascenzi F., Sciaccaluga C., Cameli M., Cecere A., Ciccone M. M., Di Francesco S., Ganau A., Imbalzano E., Liga R., Palermo P., Palmiero P., Parati G., Pedrinelli R., Scicchitano P., Zito A., and Mattioli A. V.

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases represent a major health problem, being one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, in this scenario, cardiovascular prevention plays an essential role although it is difficult to establish when promoting and implementing preventive strategies. However, there is growing evidence that prevention should start even before birth, during pregnancy, aiming to avoid the onset of cardiovascular risk factors, since events that occur early in life have a great impact on the cardiovascular risk profile of an adult. The two pillars of this early preventive strategy are nutrition and physical exercise, together with prevention of cardio-metabolic diseases during pregnancy. This review attempts to gather the growing evidence of the benefits of antenatal, perinatal and primordial prevention, discussing also the possibility to reverse or to mitigate the cardiovascular profile developed in the initial stages of life. This could pave the way for future research, investigating the optimal time and duration of these preventing measures, their duration and maintenance in adulthood, and the most effective interventions according to the different age and guiding in the next years, the best clinical practice and the political strategies to cope with cardiovascular disease.

Published
2019

15. Cardiovascular risk management in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a joint position paper of the Italian Cardiology (SIC) and Italian Diabetes (SID) Societies

Author

Avogaro, A, Barillà, F, Cavalot, F, Consoli, A, Federici, M, Mancone, M, Paolillo, S, Pedrinelli, R, Perseghin, G, Filardi, P, Scicali, R, Sinagra, G, Spaccarotella, C, Indolfi, C, Purrello, F, Avogaro, Angelo, Barillà, Francesco, Cavalot, Franco, Consoli, Agostino, Federici, Massimo, Mancone, Massimo, Paolillo, Stefania, Pedrinelli, Roberto, Perseghin, Gianluca, Filardi, Pasquale Perrone, Scicali, Roberto, Sinagra, Gianfranco, Spaccarotella, Carmen, Indolfi, Ciro, Purrello, Francesco, Avogaro, A, Barillà, F, Cavalot, F, Consoli, A, Federici, M, Mancone, M, Paolillo, S, Pedrinelli, R, Perseghin, G, Filardi, P, Scicali, R, Sinagra, G, Spaccarotella, C, Indolfi, C, Purrello, F, Avogaro, Angelo, Barillà, Francesco, Cavalot, Franco, Consoli, Agostino, Federici, Massimo, Mancone, Massimo, Paolillo, Stefania, Pedrinelli, Roberto, Perseghin, Gianluca, Filardi, Pasquale Perrone, Scicali, Roberto, Sinagra, Gianfranco, Spaccarotella, Carmen, Indolfi, Ciro, and Purrello, Francesco

Abstract

Aim: This review represents a joint effort of the Italian Societies of Cardiology (SIC) and Diabetes (SID) to define the state of the art in a field of great clinical and scientific interest which is experiencing a moment of major cultural advancements, the cardiovascular risk management in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data synthesis: Consists of six chapters that examine various aspects of pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy which in recent months have seen numerous scientific innovations and several clinical studies that require extensive sharing. Conclusions: The continuous evolution of our knowledge in this field confirms the great cultural vitality of these two cultural spheres, which requires, under the leadership of the scientific Societies, an ever greater and effective collaboration.

Published
2021

17. Reduction of hospitalizations for myocardial infarction in Italy in the COVID-19 era

Author

De Rosa, Miriam Stefania, Spaccarotella, C., Basso, C., Calabro, M. P., Curcio, A., Filardi, P. P., Mancone, M., Mercuro, G., Muscoli, S., Nodari, S., Pedrinelli, R., Sinagra, G., Indolfi, C., Angelini, F., Barilla, F., Bartorelli, A., Benedetto, F., Bernabo, P., Bolognese, L., Briani, M., Cacciavillani, L., Calabrese, Anna Chiara, Calabro, P., Caliendo, L., Calo, L., Casella, Gioietta, Casu, G., Cavallini, C., Ciampi, Q., Ciccone, M., Comito, M., Corrada, E., Crea, Filippo, D'Andrea, A., D'Urbano, M., De Caterina, R., De Ferrari, G., De Ponti, R., Della Mattia, A., Di Mario, Clara, Donnazzan, L., Esposito, Gianfranco, Fedele, F., Ferraro, A., Galasso, G., Galie, N., Gnecchi, M., Golino, P., Golia, B., Guarini, P., Leonardi, S., Locuratolo, N., Luzza, F., Manganiello, V., Francesca Marchetti, M., Marenzi, Giancarlo, Margonato, A., Meloni, L., Metra, M., Milo, Anna Maria, Mongiardo, A., Monzo, L., Morisco, C., Novo, G., Pancaldi, S., Parollo, M., Paterno, G., Patti, G., Priori, S., Ravera, A., Giuseppe Rebuzzi, A., Rossi, M., Scherillo, M., Semprini, F., Senni, M., Sibilio, G., Siviglia, M., Tamburino, C., Tortorici, G., Versace, F., Villari, B., Volpe, M., De Rosa S. (ORCID:0000-0002-8869-155X), Calabrese A., Casella G., Crea F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9404-8846), DI Mario C., Esposito G., Marenzi G., Milo M., De Rosa, Miriam Stefania, Spaccarotella, C., Basso, C., Calabro, M. P., Curcio, A., Filardi, P. P., Mancone, M., Mercuro, G., Muscoli, S., Nodari, S., Pedrinelli, R., Sinagra, G., Indolfi, C., Angelini, F., Barilla, F., Bartorelli, A., Benedetto, F., Bernabo, P., Bolognese, L., Briani, M., Cacciavillani, L., Calabrese, Anna Chiara, Calabro, P., Caliendo, L., Calo, L., Casella, Gioietta, Casu, G., Cavallini, C., Ciampi, Q., Ciccone, M., Comito, M., Corrada, E., Crea, Filippo, D'Andrea, A., D'Urbano, M., De Caterina, R., De Ferrari, G., De Ponti, R., Della Mattia, A., Di Mario, Clara, Donnazzan, L., Esposito, Gianfranco, Fedele, F., Ferraro, A., Galasso, G., Galie, N., Gnecchi, M., Golino, P., Golia, B., Guarini, P., Leonardi, S., Locuratolo, N., Luzza, F., Manganiello, V., Francesca Marchetti, M., Marenzi, Giancarlo, Margonato, A., Meloni, L., Metra, M., Milo, Anna Maria, Mongiardo, A., Monzo, L., Morisco, C., Novo, G., Pancaldi, S., Parollo, M., Paterno, G., Patti, G., Priori, S., Ravera, A., Giuseppe Rebuzzi, A., Rossi, M., Scherillo, M., Semprini, F., Senni, M., Sibilio, G., Siviglia, M., Tamburino, C., Tortorici, G., Versace, F., Villari, B., Volpe, M., De Rosa S. (ORCID:0000-0002-8869-155X), Calabrese A., Casella G., Crea F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9404-8846), DI Mario C., Esposito G., Marenzi G., and Milo M.

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patient admissions to Italian cardiac care units (CCUs). Methods and Results: We conducted a multicentre, observational, nationwide survey to collect data on admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at Italian CCUs throughout a 1 week period during the COVID-19 outbreak, compared with the equivalent week in 2019. We observed a 48.4% reduction in admissions for AMI compared with the equivalent week in 2019 (P < 0.001). The reduction was significant for both ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI; 26.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 21.7-32.3; P = 0.009] and non-STEMI (NSTEMI; 65.1%, 95% CI 60.3-70.3; P < 0.001). Among STEMIs, the reduction was higher for women (41.2%; P = 0.011) than men (17.8%; P = 0.191). A similar reduction in AMI admissions was registered in North Italy (52.1%), Central Italy (59.3%), and South Italy (52.1%). The STEMI case fatality rate during the pandemic was substantially increased compared with 2019 [risk ratio (RR) = 3.3, 95% CI 1.7-6.6; P < 0.001]. A parallel increase in complications was also registered (RR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.8; P = 0.009). Conclusion: Admissions for AMI were significantly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic across Italy, with a parallel increase in fatality and complication rates. This constitutes a serious social issue, demanding attention by the scientific and healthcare communities and public regulatory agencies.

Published
2020

24. Blood pressure-lowering effects of nifedipine/candesartan combinations in high-risk individuals: Subgroup analysis of the DISTINCT randomised trial

Author

Mancia, G, Cha, G, Gil-Extremera, B, Harvey, P, Lewin, AJ, Villa, G, Kjeldsen, SE, Agaiby, J, Aggarwal, N, Ainsworth, P, Akhras, R, Amaluan, V, Ballarin, A, Bardauskiene, L, Berra, FC, Blagden, M, Bodalia, B, Borghi, C, Bundy, C, Burgess, L, Buynak, R, Cafferata, A, Cahill, T, Capiau, L, Capuano, V, Casanova, R, Cecil, J, Chapman, J, Chilvers, M, Christensen, S, Cho, Y-H, Chung, W-B, Cipollone, F, Coca, A, Colombo, H, Contreras, EM, Crowley, D, Cusco-Prieto, B, Decarlini, F, Doh, J-H, Dzongowski, P, Dzyak, G, Ellery, A, Extremera, BG, Farias, E, Farrington, C, Fidelholtz, J, Fouche, L, Gabito, A, Gainza, M, Gani, M, Gaunt, R, Gelersztein, E, Giuliano, M, Glazunov, A, Glorioso, N, Goloschekin, B, Gumbley, M, Gupta, A, Guzman, L, Ha, J-W, Hart, R, Haworth, D, Henein, S, Henry, D, Her, S-H, Heyvaert, F, Hollanders, G, Hominal, M, Hong, B-K, Hong, T-J, Hwang, K-K, Jacovides, A, Jacqmein, J, Jeon, HK, Jones, N, Kanani, S, Kang, H, Karpenko, O, Kenton, D, Kimzey, N, Kovalenko, V, Kushnir, M, Lasko, B, Lee, KJ, Lee, N, Lewin, A, Litvak, M, Luksiene, D, Majul, C, Mannarino, E, Manuale, O, Marcadis, A, Miller, D, Mills, R, Misik, K, Mortelmans, J, O'Mahony, M, O'Mahony, W, Park, C, Pedrinelli, R, Petrulioniene, Z, Pettyjohn, F, Piskorz, D, Poss, G, Pudi, K, Pyun, WB, Raad, G, Raila, G, Ramirez Espinosa, MF, Ramlachan, P, Rhee, M, Rudenko, L, Ruiz, TS, Ryan, J, Schacter, G, Shin, J-H, Short, D, Sica, D, Sirenko, Y, Slapikas, R, Somani, R, Stanislavchuk, M, Stewart, R, Svishchenko, Y, Sychov, O, Teitelbaum, I, Tseluyko, V, Van Rensburg, DJ, Vaquer Perez, JV, Via, LM, Vico, M, Vizir, V, Vogel, D, Wellmann, H, Yoo, BS, DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE MEDICHE E CHIRURGICHE, Facolta' di MEDICINA e CHIRURGIA, AREA MIN. 06 - Scienze mediche, Mancia, G, Cha, G, Gil-Extremera, B, Harvey, P, Lewin, A, Villa, G, Kjeldsen, S, Agaiby, J, Aggarwal, N, Ainsworth, P, Akhras, R, Amaluan, V, Ballarin, A, Bardauskiene, L, Berra, F, Blagden, M, Bodalia, B, Borghi, C, Bundy, C, Burgess, L, Buynak, R, Cafferata, A, Cahill, T, Capiau, L, Capuano, V, Casanova, R, Cecil, J, Chapman, J, Chilvers, M, Christensen, S, Cho, Y, Chung, W, Cipollone, F, Coca, A, Colombo, H, Contreras, E, Crowley, D, Cusco-Prieto, B, Decarlini, F, Doh, J, Dzongowski, P, Dzyak, G, Ellery, A, Extremera, B, Farias, E, Farrington, C, Fidelholtz, J, Fouche, L, Gabito, A, Gainza, M, Gani, M, Gaunt, R, Gelersztein, E, Giuliano, M, Glazunov, A, Glorioso, N, Goloschekin, B, Gumbley, M, Gupta, A, Guzman, L, Ha, J, Hart, R, Haworth, D, Henein, S, Henry, D, Her, S, Heyvaert, F, Hollanders, G, Hominal, M, Hong, B, Hong, T, Hwang, K, Jacovides, A, Jacqmein, J, Jeon, H, Jones, N, Kanani, S, Kang, H, Karpenko, O, Kenton, D, Kimzey, N, Kovalenko, V, Kushnir, M, Lasko, B, Lee, K, Lee, N, Litvak, M, Luksiene, D, Majul, C, Mannarino, E, Manuale, O, Marcadis, A, Miller, D, Mills, R, Misik, K, Mortelmans, J, O'Mahony, M, O'Mahony, W, Park, C, Pedrinelli, R, Petrulioniene, Z, Pettyjohn, F, Piskorz, D, Poss, G, Pudi, K, Pyun, W, Raad, G, Raila, G, Ramirez Espinosa, M, Ramlachan, P, Rhee, M, Rudenko, L, Ruiz, T, Ryan, J, Schacter, G, Shin, J, Short, D, Sica, D, Sirenko, Y, Slapikas, R, Somani, R, Stanislavchuk, M, Stewart, R, Svishchenko, Y, Sychov, O, Teitelbaum, I, Tseluyko, V, Van Rensburg, D, Vaquer Perez, J, Via, L, Vico, M, Vizir, V, Vogel, D, Wellmann, H, Yoo, B, Mancia, G., Cha, G., Gil-Extremera, B., Harvey, P., Lewin, A.J., Villa, G., Kjeldsen, S.E., Agaiby, J., Aggarwal, N., Ainsworth, P., Akhras, R., Amaluan, V., Ballarin, A., Bardauskiene, L., Berra, F.C., Blagden, M., Bodalia, B., Borghi, C., Bundy, C., Burgess, L., Buynak, R., Cafferata, A., Cahill, T., Capiau, L., Capuano, V., Casanova, R., Cecil, J., Chapman, J., Chilvers, M., Christensen, S., Cho, Y.-H., Chung, W.-B., Cipollone, F., Coca, A., Colombo, H., Contreras, E.M., Crowley, D., Cusco-Prieto, B., Decarlini, F., Doh, J.-H., Dzongowski, P., Dzyak, G., Ellery, A., Extremera, B.G., Farias, E., Farrington, C., Fidelholtz, J., Fouche, L., Gabito, A., Gainza, M., Gani, M., Gaunt, R., Gelersztein, E., Giuliano, M., Glazunov, A., Glorioso, N., Goloschekin, B., Gumbley, M., Gupta, A., Guzman, L., Ha, J.-W., Hart, R., Haworth, D., Henein, S., Henry, D., Her, S.-H., Heyvaert, F., Hollanders, G., Hominal, M., Hong, B.-K., Hong, T.-J., Hwang, K.-K., Jacovides, A., Jacqmein, J., Jeon, H.K., Jones, N., Kanani, S., Kang, H., Karpenko, O., Kenton, D., Kimzey, N., Kovalenko, V., Kushnir, M., Lasko, B., Lee, K.J., Lee, N., Lewin, A., Litvak, M., Luksiene, D., Majul, C., Mannarino, E., Manuale, O., Marcadis, A., Miller, D., Mills, R., Misik, K., Mortelmans, J., O'Mahony, M., O'Mahony, W., Park, C., Pedrinelli, R., Petrulioniene, Z., Pettyjohn, F., Piskorz, D., Poss, G., Pudi, K., Pyun, W.B., Raad, G., Raila, G., Ramirez Espinosa, M.F., Ramlachan, P., Rhee, M., Rudenko, L., Ruiz, T.S., Ryan, J., Schacter, G., Shin, J.-H., Short, D., Sica, D., Sirenko, Y., Slapikas, R., Somani, R., Stanislavchuk, M., Stewart, R., Svishchenko, Y., Sychov, O., Teitelbaum, I., Tseluyko, V., Van Rensburg, D.J., Vaquer Perez, J.V., Via, L.M., Vico, M., Vizir, V., Vogel, D., Wellmann, H., Yoo, B.S., DISTINCT Investigators, and [Mancia,G] Unit and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy. [Cha,G] KRK Medical Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA. [Gil-Extremera,B] Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain. [Harvey,P] Formerly in The Crouch Oak Family Practice, Addlestone, UK. [Lewin,AJ] National Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA. [Villa,G] Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri—IRCCS, Pavia, Italy. [Kjeldsen,SE] Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Subjects
Male, Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring::Pyridines::Dihydropyridines::Nifedipine [Medical Subject Headings], Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings], Tetrazoles, Blood Pressure, DISTINCT study, Índice de masa corporal, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Benzimidazole, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings], law.invention, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Bencimidazoles, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena::Glomerular Filtration Rate [Medical Subject Headings], Medicine, Tasa de filtración glomerular, 030212 general & internal medicine, Hipercolesterolemia, Tetrazole, Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring::Benzimidazoles [Medical Subject Headings], Middle Aged, Calcium Channel Blockers, Presión sanguínea, Humanos, Antihypertensive Agent, Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons, Cyclic::Hydrocarbons, Aromatic::Benzene Derivatives::Biphenyl Compounds [Medical Subject Headings], Hypertension, Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Diabetes Mellitus::Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 [Medical Subject Headings], Compuestos de bifenilo, Diabetes mellitus Tipo 2, Nifedipino, Original Article, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Calcium Channel Blocker, Factores de riesgo, medicine.drug, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, Nifedipine, Subgroup analysis, Placebo, Nifedipine GITS, Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases::Vascular Diseases::Hypertension [Medical Subject Headings], 03 medical and health sciences, candesartan, high blood pressure, Internal medicine, Hipertensión, Phenomena and Processes::Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena::Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena::Hemodynamics::Blood Pressure [Medical Subject Headings], Internal Medicine, Humans, Antihypertensive Agents, business.industry, Biphenyl Compounds, Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Lipid Metabolism Disorders::Dyslipidemias::Hyperlipidemias::Hypercholesterolemia [Medical Subject Headings], Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring::Azoles::Tetrazoles [Medical Subject Headings], Candesartan, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, Benzimidazoles, business, Body mass index
Abstract

none 140 si The DISTINCT study (reDefining Intervention with Studies Testing Innovative Nifedipine GITS - Candesartan Therapy) investigated the efficacy and safety of nifedipine GITS/candesartan cilexetil combinations vs respective monotherapies and placebo in patients with hypertension. This descriptive sub-analysis examined blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects in high-risk participants, including those with renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate

Published
2017

32. Effect of Sitagliptin on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes

Author

Green JB, Bethel MA, Armstrong PW, Buse JB, Engel SS, Garg J, Josse R, Kaufman KD, Koglin J, Korn S, Lachin JM, McGuire DK, Pencina MJ, Standl E, Stein PP, Suryawanshi S, Van de Werf F, Peterson ED, Holman RR, Josse RG, Califf RM, Goldstein BJ, Shapiro DR, Silverman R, Bethel A, Green J, Hayden S, Hannan K, Quintero K, Rorick T, Berdan L, Leloudis D, Califf S, Wilson M, McFarron D, Trollinger K, Pesarchick J, Eskenazi L, Campbell C, Townes O, Tolsma D, Keenan J, Milton J, Athwal R, Darbyshire J, Doran Z, Kennedy I, Gregory V, Lokhnygina Y, Prather K, Wolfley A, Usman M, Tajjar A, Gray R, Pfeffer MA, Gerstein HC, Groop L, McMurray JJ, Pocock SJ, Clayton T, Sinay I, Brieger D, Stranks S, Scheen A, Lopes R, Tankova T, Hramiak I, Grado CR, Wenying Y, Ge J, Aschner P, Skrha J, Ambos A, Strandberg T, Travert F, Hanefeld M, Riefflin A, Chan JC, Ofner P, Reddy NK, Christopher J, Mathur A, Arambam P, Mittal S, Manchanda M, Wainstein J, Ambrosio G, Pirags V, Jakuboniene N, Mohamed M, Scott R, White H, Cornel J, Halvorsen S, Tykarski A, Veresiu IA, Dreval AV, Misinkova I, Tai E, Krahulec B, Distiller L, Park Y, Rovira A, Alversson M, Chuang LM, Delibasi T, Adler A, Rodbard HW, Marre M, Goff D, Chacra A, DeVore A, Beaven A, Shah B, Hirsch B, Batch B, Bushnell C, Patel C, Melloni C, Henshaw C, Kong D, Bernecki G, Tillman H, Kang HJ, Hawes J, Strickler J, Piccini J, Wilder J, Alexander K, Mahaffey K, Patel K, Hyland K, Newby K, Jackson L, Cooper L, Armaganijan L, Szczeh L, Koshizaka M, Roe M, Morse M, Guimaraes P, Hess P, Tricoci P, Mehta R, Mathews R, Kociol R, Harrison R, Mentz R, Pokorney S, Leblanc T, Lazzarini V, Eapen Z, Truffa A, Fosbol E, Brito F, Katz M, Bahit M, Santos M, Barros P, Bernardez S, Alvarisqueta AF, Arias P, Cagide AL, Calella PR, Cantero MC, Canella JP, Cipullo MA, de Loredo L, Gelersztein ES, Gorban de Lapertosa SB, Klyver MI, Maffei LE, Maldonado N, Oviedo AI, Piskorz DL, Ridruejo MC, Saavedra SS, Sessa HA, Sinay IR, Sposetti GD, Ulla MR, Vico ML, Waitman JN, Binnekamp M, Carroll P, Cheung W, Colman P, Davis T, De Looze F, dEmden M, Fulcher G, Gerstman M, Hamilton A, Lehman S, Moses R, Proietto J, Roberts A, Shaw J, Simpson R, Sinha A, Tan Y, Topliss D, Vora P, Waites J, Crenier L, Descamps O, Keymeulen B, Mathieu C, Nobels F, Van den Bruel A, Van Gaal L, Borges JL, Costa e Forti A, Eliaschewitz FG, Felício JS, Griz LH, Hissa MN, Leite S, Panarotto D, Pimentel Filho P, Rassi N, Saraiva JK, Sgarbi JA, Silva RP, Tambascia M, Weber Silva DM, Bobeva R, Bostandzhieva R, Cinlikov I, Georgieva M, Iliev D, Ilieva E, Kovacheva S, Liubenova L, Nikitov Z, SHeinikova G, Slavcheva A, Spasova V, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Velichka D, Yakov A, Carpentier A, Chiasson JL, Constance C, Dumas R, Filteau P, Garceau C, Huynh T, Kaiser S, Kornder J, Leiter L, Mereu L, Miller D, Pandey S, Punthakee Z, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Robitaille Y, Saunders K, Sigal R, Sigalas J, Vizel S, Weisnagel S, Woo V, Yale JF, Yared K, Zinman B, Bunster Balocchi LB, Escobar Cerda EE, Garces Flores EE, Lanas Zanetti FT, Larrazabal Miranda Adel P, Morales Alvarado JM, Olivares Cañon CM, Potthoff Cárdenas SH, Raffo Grado CA, Rodriguez Venegas ME, Saavedra Gajardo VA, Westerberg Maldonado BH, Chen LL, Dong J, Guo X, Li QM, Shi B, Tang XL, Yang T, Yang WY, Zheng SX, Aschner Montoya P, Botero Lopez R, Coronel Arroyo JA, Cure CA, Gómez Medina AM, Molina DI, Perez Amador GA, Reyes Rincon A, Urina Triana MA, Valenzuela Rincon A, Vélez Pelaez S, Yupanqui Lozno H, Brabec T, Brychta T, Hasalova Zapletalova J, Havelkova J, Hejnicova K, Hola O, Hornackova M, Hrdina T, Kafkova D, Kellnerova I, Krystl T, Kutejova V, Mikulkova I, Nevrla J, Pantlikova C, Petr M, Racicka E, Sarbochova R, Smolenakova K, Turcinek R, Urbancova K, Vejvodova J, Vondrakova M, Zachoval R, Alt I, Kaasik Ü, Kiiroja K, Lanno R, Märtsin K, Past M, Vides H, Viitas L, Kantola I, Nieminen S, Perhonen M, Strand J, Valle T, Clergeot A, Couffinhal T, Courreges JP, Gouet D, Moulin P, Ziegler O, Badenhoop K, Behnke T, Bender G, Braun M, Dshabrailov J, Hamann A, Himpel-Boenninghoff A, Kamke W, Kasperk C, Luedemann J, Mayr P, Merkel M, Oerter EM, Ohlow MA, Ott P, Overhoff U, Paschen B, Remppis R, Rose L, Schumm-Draeger PM, Segiet T, Strotmann HJ, Stuchlik G, Stürmer W, Thinesse-Mallwitz M, Tytko A, Wendisch U, Wurziger J, Ho AY, Kam G, Kong AP, Lam YY, Lau EY, Lee S, Siu SC, Tomlinson B, Tsang CC, Yeung VT, Dezső E, Dudás M, Földesi I, Fülöp T, Késmárki N, Koranyi L, Nagy K, Oroszlán T, Pécsvárady Z, Ples Z, Taller A, Agarwal P, Ambulkar S, Aravind S, Balaji V, Kalra S, Kesavadev J, Kudalkar H, Kumar A, Misra A, Mithal A, Mohan V, Pitale S, Ramu M, Reddy N, Shah S, Shamanna P, Sharda A, Sharma A, Shunmugavelu M, Srikanta S, Suryaprakash G, Abramov G, Adawi F, Bashkin A, Darawsha M, Fuchs S, Harman-Boehm I, Hayek T, Jaffe A, Knobler H, Minuchin O, Mosseri M, Shechter M, Shimon I, Stern N, Tsur A, Vishlitzky V, Alfonsi F, Cavalot F, Del Vecchio L, Frisinghelli A, Gambardella S, Lauro D, Lembo G, 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V, Azizad M, Banerji MA, Bartkowiak A Jr, Bays H, Behn P, Bergenstal R, Bhargava A, Bias D, Bolster E, Buchanan P, Busch R, Chadha C, Chang M, Cheng C, Cohen A, Cohen J, Cole B, Connery L, Cooperman M, Cushman W, DAgostino R, Dayamani P, De Lemos J, De Meireles M, Dean J, DeHart D, Detweiler R, Donovan D, Dugano-Daphnis P, Dulin M, Dunn F, Eaton C, Erickson B, Estevez R, Feinglos M, Fonseca V, Force R, Forker A, Fox D, Gabriel J, Garcia R, Garvey T, Gaudiani L, Getaneh A, Goldberg A, Goldman S, Hairston K, Harris R, Haught W, Hidalgo H Jr, Higgins A, Houchin V, Ison R, Jacobs G, Jaffrani N, Jafry B, Kapsner P, Kaye W, Labroo A, Levinson L, Lewis S, Lillestol M, Luttrell L, Madu I, McNeill R, Merrick B, Metzger F, Nadar V, Nagelberg S, Nash S, Oparil S, Osei K, Papademetriou V, Patel N, Pedley C, Prentiss A, Radbill M, Raisinghani A, Rassouli N, Reddy R, Rees P, Rendell M, Robbins D, Rodbard H, Rohlf J, Roseman H, Rudolph L, Sadler L, Schnall A, Schramm R, Schubart U, Seneviratne T, Shanik M, Snyder H, Sorli C, Stich M, Sweeney ME, Tsao J, Ukwade P, Viswanath D, Vo A, Vogel C, Voyce S, Weintraub H, White J, Wood M, Wu P, Wysham C, Zimmerman R, Pathology/molecular and cellular medicine, Diabetes Pathology & Therapy, and Green JB, Bethel MA, Armstrong PW, Buse JB, Engel SS, Garg J, Josse R, Kaufman KD, Koglin J, Korn S, Lachin JM, McGuire DK, Pencina MJ, Standl E, Stein PP, Suryawanshi S, Van de Werf F, Peterson ED, Holman RR, Holman RR, Peterson ED, Holman RR, Peterson ED, Armstrong PW, Buse JB, Josse RG, Kaufman KD, Koglin J, Korn S, Lachin JM, McGuire DK, Standl E, Stein PP, Suryawanshi S, Van de Werf F, Engel SS, Califf RM, Goldstein BJ, Shapiro DR, Silverman R, Bethel A, Green J, Hayden S, Hannan K, Quintero K, Rorick T, Berdan L, Leloudis D, Califf S, Wilson M, McFarron D, Trollinger K, Pesarchick J, Eskenazi L, Campbell C, Townes O, Tolsma D, Keenan J, Milton J, Athwal R, Darbyshire J, Doran Z, Kennedy I, Gregory V, Garg J, Lokhnygina Y, Prather K, Wolfley A, Usman M, Tajjar A, Gray R, Pfeffer MA, Gerstein HC, Groop L, McMurray JJ, Pocock SJ, Clayton T, Sinay I, Brieger D, Stranks S, Scheen A, Lopes R, Tankova T, Hramiak I, Grado CR, Wenying Y, Ge J, Aschner P, Skrha J, Ambos A, Strandberg T, Travert F, Hanefeld M, Riefflin A, Chan JC, Ofner P, Reddy NK, Christopher J, Mathur A, Arambam P, Mittal S, Manchanda M, Wainstein J, Ambrosio G, Pirags V, Jakuboniene N, Mohamed M, Scott R, White H, Cornel J, Halvorsen S, Tykarski A, Veresiu IA, Dreval AV, Misinkova I, Tai E, Krahulec B, Distiller L, Park Y, Rovira A, Alversson M, Chuang LM, Delibasi T, Adler A, Rodbard HW, Marre M, Goff D, Chacra A, DeVore A, Beaven A, Shah B, Hirsch B, Batch B, Bushnell C, Patel C, Melloni C, Henshaw C, Kong D, McFarron D, Bernecki G, Tillman H, Kang HJ, Green J, Hawes J, Strickler J, Piccini J, Wilder J, Alexander K, Mahaffey K, Patel K, Hyland K, Newby K, Jackson L, Cooper L, Armaganijan L, Szczeh L, Koshizaka M, Roe M, Morse M, Guimaraes P, Hess P, Tricoci P, Mehta R, Lopes R, Mathews R, Kociol R, Harrison R, Mentz R, Pokorney S, Leblanc T, Lazzarini V, Eapen Z, Truffa A, Fosbol E, Brito F, Katz M, Bahit M, Santos M, Barros P, Bernardez S, Alvarisqueta AF, Arias P, Cagide AL, Calella PR, Cantero MC, Canella JP, Cipullo MA, de Loredo L, Gelersztein ES, Gorban de Lapertosa SB, Klyver MI, Maffei LE, Maldonado N, Oviedo AI, Piskorz DL, Ridruejo MC, Saavedra SS, Sessa HA, Sinay IR, Sposetti GD, Ulla MR, Vico ML, Waitman JN, Binnekamp M, Carroll P, Cheung W, Colman P, Davis T, De Looze F, dEmden M, Fulcher G, Gerstman M, Hamilton A, Lehman S, Moses R, Proietto J, Roberts A, Shaw J, Simpson R, Sinha A, Stranks S, Tan Y, Topliss D, Vora P, Waites J, Crenier L, Descamps O, Keymeulen B, Mathieu C, Nobels F, Scheen A, Van den Bruel A, Van Gaal L, Borges JL, Costa e Forti A, Eliaschewitz FG, Felício JS, Griz LH, Hissa MN, Leite S, Panarotto D, Pimentel Filho P, Rassi N, Saraiva JK, Sgarbi JA, Silva RP, Tambascia M, Weber Silva DM, Bobeva R, Bostandzhieva R, Cinlikov I, Georgieva M, Iliev D, Ilieva E, Kovacheva S, Liubenova L, Nikitov Z, SHeinikova G, Slavcheva A, Spasova V, Tankova T, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Velichka D, Yakov A, Carpentier A, Chiasson JL, Constance C, Dumas R, Filteau P, Garceau C, Hramiak I, Huynh T, Kaiser S, Kornder J, Leiter L, Mereu L, Miller D, Pandey S, Punthakee Z, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Robitaille Y, Saunders K, Sigal R, Sigalas J, Vizel S, Weisnagel S, Woo V, Yale JF, Yared K, Zinman B, Bunster Balocchi LB, Escobar Cerda EE, Garces Flores EE, Lanas Zanetti FT, Larrazabal Miranda Adel P, Morales Alvarado JM, Olivares Cañon CM, Potthoff Cárdenas SH, Raffo Grado CA, Rodriguez Venegas ME, Saavedra Gajardo VA, Westerberg Maldonado BH, Chen LL, Dong J, Guo X, Li QM, Shi B, Tang XL, Yang T, Yang WY, Zheng SX, Aschner Montoya P, Botero Lopez R, Coronel Arroyo JA, Cure CA, Gómez Medina AM, Molina DI, Perez Amador GA, Reyes Rincon A, Urina Triana MA, Valenzuela Rincon A, Vélez Pelaez S, Yupanqui Lozno H, Brabec T, Brychta T, Hasalova Zapletalova J, Havelkova J, Hejnicova K, Hola O, Hornackova M, Hrdina T, Kafkova D, Kellnerova I, Krystl T, Kutejova V, Mikulkova I, Nevrla J, Pantlikova C, Petr M, Racicka E, Sarbochova R, Skrha J, Smolenakova K, Turcinek R, Urbancova K, Vejvodova J, Vondrakova M, Zachoval R, Alt I, Ambos A, Kaasik Ü, Kiiroja K, Lanno R, Märtsin K, Past M, Vides H, Viitas L, Kantola I, Nieminen S, Perhonen M, Strand J, Strandberg T, Valle T, Clergeot A, Couffinhal T, Courreges JP, Gouet D, Moulin P, Travert F, Ziegler O, Badenhoop K, Behnke T, Bender G, Braun M, Dshabrailov J, Hamann A, Hanefeld M, Himpel-Boenninghoff A, Kamke W, Kasperk C, Luedemann J, Mayr P, Merkel M, Oerter EM, Ohlow MA, Ott P, Overhoff U, Paschen B, Remppis R, Riefflin A, Rose L, Schumm-Draeger PM, Segiet T, Strotmann HJ, Stuchlik G, Stürmer W, Thinesse-Mallwitz M, Tytko A, Wendisch U, Wurziger J, Ho AY, Kam G, Kong AP, Lam YY, Lau EY, Lee S, Siu SC, Tomlinson B, Tsang CC, Yeung VT, Dezső E, Dudás M, Földesi I, Fülöp T, Késmárki N, Koranyi L, Nagy K, Ofner P, Oroszlán T, Pécsvárady Z, Ples Z, Taller A, Agarwal P, Ambulkar S, Aravind S, Balaji V, Christopher J, Kalra S, Kesavadev J, Kudalkar H, Kumar A, Misra A, Mithal A, Mohan V, Pitale S, Ramu M, Reddy N, Shah S, Shamanna P, Sharda A, Sharma A, Shunmugavelu M, Srikanta S, Suryaprakash G, Abramov G, Adawi F, Bashkin A, Darawsha M, Fuchs S, Harman-Boehm I, Hayek T, Jaffe A, Knobler H, Minuchin O, Mosseri M, Shechter M, Shimon I, Stern N, Tsur A, Vishlitzky V, Wainstein J, Alfonsi F, Cavalot F, Del Vecchio L, Frisinghelli A, Gambardella S, Lauro D, Lembo G, Leotta S, Mondillo S, Novo S, Pedrinelli R, Piatti P, Salvioni A, Tritto I, Zavaroni DZ, Ahn KJ, Choi KM, Chung C, Han SJ, Kim DM, Kim IJ, Kim MH, Lee IK, Nam M, Park IeB, Park KS, Park TS, Park Y, Rhee EJ, Yoo SJ, Andersone I, Balode A, Eglite R, Gersamija A, Kakurina N, Jegere B, Leitane I, Pastare S, Pirags V, Stalte V, Teterovska D, Baltramonaitiene K, Barsiene L, Ceponis J, Jakuboniene N, Lasiene J, Levinger A, Sirutaviciene A, Sulskiene M, Urbanaviciene L, Valius L, Varanauskiene E, Velickiene D, Mahendran KA, Abu Hassan MR, Aziz NA, Hussein Z, Ismail IS, Kamaruddin NA, Mohamed M, Nordin Z, Nayar SK, Ramanathan GR, Sothiratnam R, Beijerbacht H, Breedveld R, Cornel JH, Den Hartog F, Hermans W, Kietselaer B, Kooy A, Lenderink T, Nierop P, Remmen J, Rojas Lingan G, Ronner E, Van der Heijden R, Van Hessen M, van Kempen W, Voors-Pette C, Westendorp I, Baker J, Benatar J, Cutfield R, Krebs J, Leikis R, Lunt H, Manning P, Scott R, Williams M, Birkeland K, Claudi T, Halvorsen S, Istad H, Karlsson T, Ossum Gronert J, Arciszewska M, Artemiuk E, Blach E, Blicharski T, Cypryk K, Dabrowska M, Górny G, Górska M, Jakubowska I, Jazwinska-Tarnawska E, Karczmarczyk A, Kitowska-Koterla J, Koltowski L, Krzyzagorska E, Pasternak D, Pentela-Nowicka J, Piesiewicz W, Przekwas-Jaruchowska M, Rajzer M, Salamon-Ferenc A, Sawicki A, Skowron T, Śmiałowski A, Tykarski A, Albota A, Alexandru C, Crisan C, Dumitrescu A, Ferariu IE, Lupusoru DA, Munteanu M, Negru D, Nicolau A, Pintiliei E, Popescu A, Serban G, Veresiu IA, Voitec M, Babenko A, Barbarash O, Bondar I, Chizhov P, Demin A, Dora S, Dreval A, Ershova O, Gratsiansky N, Ketova G, Kotelnikov M, Levashov S, Morugova T, Mustafina S, Pekarskiy S, Raskina T, Rechkova E, Samoylova Y, Sazonova O, Sherenkov A, Shilkina N, Stetsyuk O, Tretyakova T, Turova E, Valeeva F, Zadionchenko V, Dalan R, Tan RS, Tay L, Buganova I, Fabry J, Jan C, Krahulec B, Toserova E, Zak R, Zimanova J, Badat A, Bester F, Burgess L, De Jong D, Distiller L, Ellis G, Fouche L, Govender P, Govind U, Naidoo V, Nieuwoudt G, Nortje H, Rheeder P, Robertson L, Siddique N, Stapelberg AM, Trinder Y, Van Der Merwe A, Van Zyl L, Viljoen M, Wilhase A, Botella M, Civeira Murillo F, de Teresa L, Del Cañizo FJ, Extremera BG, Gimeno EJ, Martin-Hidalgo A, Morales C, Nubiola A, Rovira A, Tinahones Madueño F, Tranche S, Trescolí Serrano C, Alvarsson M, Eizyk E, Gillblad A, Johansson P, Löndahl M, Ohlsson-Önerud Å, Rautio A, Sundström U, Torstensson I, Chen JF, Chou CW, Chuang LM, Ho LT, Hsieh IC, Huang BH, Huang CL, Huang CN, Lai WT, Lo PH, Pei D, Sheu WH, Wang SY, Araz M, Bakiner O, Comlekci A, Delibasi T, Guler S, Sahin I, Sarac F, Tarkun I, Ukinc K, Yilmaz M, Abdulhakim E, Abraham P, Adamson K, Adler A, Blagden M, Bundy C, Daly M, Davies M, Deshpande M, Gillings S, Harvey P, Horvathova V, Horvathova V, Hristova D, Jaap A, Johnson A, Jones H, Kerrane J, Kilvert A, Ko T, Kumar J, Lindsay R, Litchfield J, McCrimmon R, McKnight J, Millward B, Oyesile B, Purewal T, Ravikumar C, Robinson A, Sathyapalan T, Simpson H, Thomas H, Turner W, Weaver J, Wilding J, Wiles P, Adkins K, Akpunonu B, Albu J, Anagnostis G, Anastasi L, Argoud G, Aroda V, Azizad M, Banerji MA, Bartkowiak A Jr, Bays H, Behn P, Bergenstal R, Bhargava A, Bias D, Bolster E, Buchanan P, Busch R, Chadha C, Chang M, Cheng C, Cohen A, Cohen J, Cole B, Connery L, Cooperman M, Cushman W, DAgostino R, Davies M, Dayamani P, De Lemos J, De Meireles M, Dean J, DeHart D, Detweiler R, Donovan D, Dugano-Daphnis P, Dulin M, Dunn F, Eaton C, Erickson B, Estevez R, Feinglos M, Fonseca V, Force R, Forker A, Fox D, Gabriel J, Garcia R, Garvey T, Gaudiani L, Getaneh A, Goff D, Goldberg A, Goldman S, Hairston K, Harris R, Haught W, Hidalgo H Jr, Higgins A, Houchin V, Ison R, Jacobs G, Jaffrani N, Jafry B, Kapsner P, Kaye W, Labroo A, Levinson L, Lewis S, Lillestol M, Luttrell L, Madu I, McNeill R, Merrick B, Metzger F, Nadar V, Nagelberg S, Nash S, Oparil S, Osei K, Papademetriou V, Patel N, Pedley C, Prentiss A, Radbill M, Raisinghani A, Rassouli N, Reddy R, Rees P, Rendell M, Robbins D, Rodbard H, Rohlf J, Roseman H, Rudolph L, Sadler L, Schnall A, Schramm R, Schubart U, Seneviratne T, Shanik M, Snyder H, Sorli C, Stich M, Sweeney ME, Tsao J, Ukwade P, Viswanath D, Vo A, Vogel C, Voyce S, Weintraub H, White J, Wood M, Wu P, Wysham C, Zimmerman R

Subjects
Oral, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart diseases, Glycosylated, Administration, Oral, heart failure, Type 2 diabetes, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Placebo, Sitagliptin Phosphate, Sitagliptin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Therapy, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Glycated Hemoglobin, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Drug Therapy, Combination, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Diseases, Heart Failure, Hospitalization, Pyrazines, Triazoles, Medicine (all), business.industry, Semaglutide, Hemoglobin A, General Medicine, ta3121, medicine.disease, Surgery, Cardiovascular diseases, chemistry, Sitagliptin, Administration, Combination, Glycated hemoglobin, business, Type 2, Alogliptin, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on the long-term effect on cardiovascular events of adding sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind study, we assigned 14,671 patients to add either sitagliptin or placebo to their existing therapy. Open-label use of antihyperglycemic therapy was encouraged as required, aimed at reaching individually appropriate glycemic targets in all patients. To determine whether sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo, we used a relative risk of 1.3 as the marginal upper boundary. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, there was a small difference in glycated hemoglobin levels (least-squares mean difference for sitagliptin vs. placebo, -0.29 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.32 to-0.27). Overall, the primary outcome occurred in 839 patients in the sitagliptin group (11.4%; 4.06 per 100 person-years) and 851 patients in the placebo group (11.6%; 4.17 per 100 person-years). Sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; P

Published
2015

38. P3139Transvenous lead extraction: lead age threshold to predict the success of the procedure

Author

Giannotti Santoro, M, primary, Segreti, L, additional, Fiorentini, F, additional, Bernini, G, additional, Barletta, V, additional, Della Tommasina, V, additional, Cellamaro, T, additional, Soldati, E, additional, Di Cori, A, additional, Zucchelli, G, additional, De Lucia, R, additional, Viani, S, additional, Paperini, L, additional, Pedrinelli, R, additional, and Bongiorni, M G, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
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41. An update on hypertensive emergencies and urgencies

Author

Muiesan, Ml1, Salvetti, M, Amadoro, V, DI SOMMA, Salvatore, Perlini, S, Semplicini, A, Borghi, C, Volpe, M, Saba, Ps, Cameli, M, Ciccone, Mm, Maiello, M, Modesti, Pa, Novo, S, Palmiero, P, Scicchitano, P, Rosei, Ea, Pedrinelli, R, the Working Group on Hypertension, Prevention, Rehabilitation of the Italian Society of Cardiology, the Societa’ Italiana dell’Ipertensione Arteriosa, Muiesan, ML, Salvetti, M, Amadoro, V, Di Somma, S, Perlini, S, Semplicini, A, Borghi, C, Volpe, M, Saba, PS, Cameli, M, Ciccone, MM, Maiello, M, Modesti, PA, Novo, S, Palmiero, P, Scicchitano, P, Agabiti Rosei, E, Pedrinelli, R, Muiesan, Maria Lorenza, Salvetti, Massimo, Amadoro, Valentina, Di Somma, Salvatore, Perlini, Stefano, Semplicini, Andrea, Borghi, Claudio, Volpe, Massimo, Saba, Pier Sergio, Cameli, Matteo, Ciccone, Marco Matteo, Maiello, Maria, Modesti, Pietro Amedeo, Novo, Salvatore, Palmiero, Pasquale, Scicchitano, Pietro, Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, and Pedrinelli, Roberto

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, hypertension, Demographics, hypertensive emergencie, acute coronary syndrome, hypertensive urgencie, Aneurysm, Dissecting, acute coronary syndrome, acute pulmonary oedema, hypertension, hypertensive urgencies, hypertensive emergencies, stroke, Terminology as Topic, Humans, Medicine, Hypertension diagnosis, Disease management (health), Intensive care medicine, Stroke, Acute pulmonary oedema, Emergencie, Heart Failure, business.industry, hypertensive urgencies, Disease Management, hypertensive emergencies, General Medicine, Aneurysm dissecting, acute pulmonary oedema, stroke, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Hypertensive crisis, medicine.disease, Aortic Aneurysm, Aortic Dissection, Acute Disease, Emergencies, business, Human
Abstract

Severe acute arterial hypertension is usually defined as 'hypertensive crisis', although 'hypertensive emergencies' or 'hypertensive urgencies', as suggested by the Joint National Committee and the European Society of Hypertension, have completely different diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The prevalence and demographics of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies have changed over the last four decades, but hypertensive emergencies and urgencies are still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Different scientific societies have repeatedly produced up-to-date guidelines; however, the treatment of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies is still inappropriate, with potential clinical implications. This review focuses on hypertensive emergencies and urgencies management and treatment, as suggested by recent data.

Published
2015

45. Mediterranean diet impact on cardiovascular diseases: A narrative review

Author

Mattioli, A, Palmiero, P, Manfrini, O, Puddu, P, Nodari, S, Dei Cas, A, Mercuro, G, Scrutinio, D, Palermo, P, Sciomer, S, Di Francesco, S, Novo, G, Novo, S, Pedretti, R, Zito, A, Parati, G, Pedrinelli, R, Farinetti, A, Maiello, M, Moscucci, F, Tenaglia, R, Sucato, V, Triggiani, M, Cugusi, L, Scicchitano, P, Saba, P, Ciccone, M, Ciccone, M., PARATI, GIANFRANCO, Mattioli, A, Palmiero, P, Manfrini, O, Puddu, P, Nodari, S, Dei Cas, A, Mercuro, G, Scrutinio, D, Palermo, P, Sciomer, S, Di Francesco, S, Novo, G, Novo, S, Pedretti, R, Zito, A, Parati, G, Pedrinelli, R, Farinetti, A, Maiello, M, Moscucci, F, Tenaglia, R, Sucato, V, Triggiani, M, Cugusi, L, Scicchitano, P, Saba, P, Ciccone, M, Ciccone, M., and PARATI, GIANFRANCO

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for more than 17 million deaths per year worldwide. It has been estimated that the influence of lifestyle on CVD mortality amounts to 13.7% for smoking, 13.2% for poor diet, and 12% for inactive lifestyle. These results deeply impact both the healthy status of individuals and their skills in working. The impact of CVD on productivity loss accounts for the 24% in total costs for CVD management. Mediterranean diet (MedD) can positively impact on natural history of CVD. It is characterized by a relatively high consumption of inexpensive and genuine food such as cereals, vegetables, legumes, nuts, fish, fresh fruits, and olive oil as the principal source of fat, low meat consumption and low-to-moderate consumption of milk, dairy products, and wine. Its effects on cardiovascular health are related to the significant improvements in arterial stiffness. Peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, and chronic heart failure are all positively influenced by the MedD. Furthermore, MedD lowers the risk of sudden cardiac death due to arrhythmias. The present narrative review aims to analyze the effects of MedD on CVD.

Published
2017

48. Antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of candesartan–hydrochlorothiazide 32/12.5 mg and 32/25 mg in patients not optimally controlled with candesartan monotherapy

Author

Bönner, Gerd, Balparda, C., Cuneo, C., Rojas, C., Jure, H., Luquez, H., Montaña, O., Salomone, O., Rodenas, P., Aizenberg, D., Lecocq, L., Saint-Lannes, M., Guerin, P., Jourde, P., Frohn, M., Richter, D., Leyendecker, P., Cantin, T., Smila, D., Aim, L., Combet, G., Bertrand, G., Lalanne, G., Dammann, H. -G., Radermacher, E., Strotmann, H. -J., Muenter, K. C., Daut, W., Chevts, J., Krause, G., Andreas, K., Hanefeld, M., Naumburger, A., Maus, O., Fiesselmann, A., Cama, R., Karnad, D., Thomas, M., Vidyasagar, S., Pedrinelli, R., Perticone, M., Mezzetti, A., Bosi, S., Di Biase, M., Mayer, M., Volpe, M., Uguccioni, M., Di Somma, S., Santonastaso, M., Rossi, P., Glorioso, N., Destro, M., Mos, L., Licata, G., Donadon, V., Locatelli, F., Vinciguerra, A., Sechi, L., Aucello, G., Gazzaruso, C., Bryce, A., Bustamante, G., Cabrera, W., Espinoza, J., Heredia, J., Horna, M., Parra, J., Toce, L., Watanabe, L., Kostenko, V., Butko, D., Svistov, A., Shoustov, S., Ershova, O., Konrady, A., Churina, S., Yspenskiy, Y., Petrov, A., Espinel-Garuz, E., Pau, J., Fluixa, C., Calabuig, J., Sipan, Y., Comino, L., Puig, J., Mengual, L., Perez, J., and Vinyoles, E.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Randomization, Drug Resistance, Urology, Tetrazoles, CANDESARTAN/HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE, Blood Pressure, law.invention, Young Adult, Candesartan cilexetil, Combination, Drug therapy, Hydrochlorothiazide, Hypertension, Randomized clinical trial, Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Double-Blind Method, Randomized controlled trial, law, Humans, Medicine, In patient, Diuretics, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Biphenyl Compounds, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Candesartan, Treatment Outcome, Mean blood pressure, Tolerability, Benzimidazoles, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers, medicine.drug
Abstract

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of candesartan cilexetil 32 mg in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) 12.5 mg or 25 mg in hypertensive patients not optimally controlled with candesartan monotherapy.A total of 3521 patients with treated or untreated hypertension and sitting diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 90-114 mmHg, entered a single-blind run-in phase with candesartan (16 mg for 2 weeks, followed by 32 mg for 6 weeks). At the end of the run-in phase, 1975 patients who still had DBP 90-114 mmHg were randomized to 8 weeks' double-blind treatment with either candesartan 32 mg (n=654), or candesartan-HCT 32/12.5 mg (n=656), or candesartan-HCT 32/ 25 mg (n=665).At randomization, the mean blood pressure was similar in the three treatment groups (approximately 153/97 mmHg). It was reduced during the double-blind treatment phase by 6.1/5.6 mmHg in the candesartan 32 mg group, by 13.0/8.8 mmHg in the candesartan-HCT 32/12.5 mg group, and by 15.5/10.0 mmHg in the candesartan-HCT 32/25 mg group (p0.01 for all between treatment comparisons). All study treatments were generally well tolerated.Candesartan-HCT 32/12.5 mg and candesartan-HCT 32/25 mg are highly effective and provide improved blood pressure reduction and blood pressure control relative to candesartan 32 mg monotherapy, with maintained tolerability, in hypertensive patients whose blood pressure is not optimally controlled with candesartan monotherapy. Furthermore, candesartan-HCT 32/25 mg is more effective than candesartan-HCT 32/12.5 mg in this population.

Published
2008

50. [Pharmacological prevention of coronary relapses in Italian clinical practice: a literature review]. La prevenzione farmacologica delle recidive coronariche nella pratica clinica Italiana: Una revisione della letteratura

Author

Pedrinelli, R., Ciccone, M., Novo, S., Catapano, A., Pedrinelli, R, Ciccone, M, Novo, S, and Catapano, AL

Subjects
Prevention, acute coronary syndrome, Settore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare
Abstract

Scientific advances in cardiovascular research during the last decades have afforded effective pharmacological treatment to those surviving their first acute myocardial infarction. This secondary prevention treatment, based upon the combined administration of statins, aspirin, beta-blockers and renin-angiotensin blockers, might avert great part of the relapses contributing substantially to the overall incidence of acute coronary syndromes in the general population. However, a treatment gap separates evidence-based recommendations from their daily clinical application, a condition frequently explored even in the Italian medical setting. However, a general overview of the problem is missing insofar, a contribution that might eventually help to improve the status of secondary coronary prevention in our national environment

Published
2012

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