42 results on '"Pearce, DR"'
Search Results
2. Social media use and adolescent health-risk behaviours: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
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Purba, Ms Amrit Kaur, primary, Thomson, Dr Rachel M, additional, Henery, Dr Paul M, additional, Pearce, Dr Anna, additional, Henderson, Professor Marion, additional, and Katikireddi, Professor S Vittal, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Service Design for Customer Surrogate Interaction: design characteristics for customer acceptance
- Author
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Pearce, Dr Stephen R, primary
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Diverse functions of clusterin promote and protect against the development of pulmonary fibrosis
- Author
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Peix, L, Evans, IC, Pearce, DR, Simpson, JK, Maher, TM, and McAnulty, RJ
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lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,lcsh:Q ,sense organs ,respiratory system ,lcsh:Science ,eye diseases - Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive scarring disorder of the lung with dismal prognosis and no curative therapy. Clusterin, an extracellular chaperone and regulator of cell functions, is reduced in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. However, its distribution and role in normal and fibrotic human lung are incompletely characterized. Immunohistochemical localization of clusterin revealed strong staining associated with fibroblasts in control lung and morphologically normal areas of fibrotic lung but weak or undetectable staining in fibrotic regions and particularly fibroblastic foci. Clusterin also co-localized with elastin in vessel walls and additionally with amorphous elastin deposits in fibrotic lung. Analysis of primary lung fibroblast isolates in vitro confirmed the down-regulation of clusterin expression in fibrotic compared with control lung fibroblasts and further demonstrated that TGF-β1 is capable of down-regulating fibroblast clusterin expression. shRNA-mediated down-regulation of clusterin did not affect TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation but inhibited fibroblast proliferative responses and sensitized to apoptosis. Down-regulation of clusterin in fibrotic lung fibroblasts at least partly due to increased TGF-β1 may therefore represent an appropriate but insufficient response to limit fibroproliferation. Reduced expression of clusterin in the lung may also limit its extracellular chaperoning activity contributing to dysregulated deposition of extracellular matrix proteins.
- Published
- 2018
5. Incidence of HCV infection among gbMSM in British Columbia, Canada: a population-based cohort study
- Author
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Janjua, Naveed, primary, Wong, Stanley, additional, Wilton, James, additional, Adu, Prince, additional, Butt, Zahid, additional, Samji, Hasina, additional, McKee, Geoff, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Abdia, Younathan, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Jeong, Dahn, additional, Clementi, Emilia, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Wong, Dr. Jason, additional, and Krajden, Mel, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Frequency of prenatal hepatitis C screening and diagnosis in British Columbia, 2008–2018
- Author
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Pearce, Dr. Margo, primary, Yu, Amanda, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Jeong, Dahn, additional, Clementi, Emilia, additional, Jassem, Agatha, additional, Yoshida, Eric, additional, Wong, Dr. Jason, additional, Pick, Neora, additional, Krajden, Mel, additional, and Janjua, Naveed, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Real-world effectiveness of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir as a hepatitis C virus infection salvage treatment
- Author
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Janjua, Naveed, primary, Wilton, James, additional, Cook, Darrel, additional, Wong, Stanley, additional, Butt, Zahid, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Ramji, Alnoor, additional, Yoshida, Eric, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, and Krajden, Mel, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Classifying people living with hepatitis C virus using a population-level latent class analysis to inform optimal integration of health services
- Author
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Clementi, Emilia, primary, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Janjua, Naveed, additional, Wong, Stanley, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Jeong, Dahn, additional, Wilton, James, additional, Adu, Prince, additional, Abdia, Younathan, additional, Wong, Dr. Jason, additional, Krajden, Mel, additional, Buxton, Jane, additional, Otterstatter, Michael, additional, Butt, Zahid, additional, and McKee, Geoff, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. All-cause mortality and liver-related death following entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or lamivudine therapy among treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients in British Columbia, Canada
- Author
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Binka, Mawuena, primary, Abdia, Younathan, additional, Wilton, James, additional, Butt, Zahid, additional, Darvishian, Maryam, additional, Wong, Stanley, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Jeong, Dahn, additional, Clementi, Emilia, additional, Adu, Prince, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Yoshida, Eric, additional, Ramji, Alnoor, additional, Wong, Dr. Jason, additional, Krajden, Mel, additional, and Janjua, Naveed, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Population-level hepatitis C cascade of care among men who have sex with men in British Columbia, Canada
- Author
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Janjua, Naveed, primary, Yu, Amanda, additional, Wilton, James, additional, Adu, Prince, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Samji, Hasina, additional, McKee, Geoff, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Butt, Zahid, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Abdia, Younathan, additional, Wong, Stanley, additional, Jeong, Dahn, additional, Clementi, Emilia, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Wong, Dr. Jason, additional, and Krajden, Mel, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Ethnic disparities in the risk of hepatitis C virus-related diabetes in a large population-based cohort in Canada
- Author
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Jeong, Dahn, primary, Wong, Stanley, additional, Karim, Mohammad Ehsanul, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Butt, Zahid, additional, Abdia, Younathan, additional, Adu, Prince, additional, Wilton, James, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Krajden, Mel, additional, and Janjua, Naveed, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Epigenetic regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by methylation of c8orf4 in pulmonary fibrosis
- Author
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Evans, IC, Barnes, JL, Garner, IM, Pearce, DR, Maher, TM, Shiwen, X, Renzoni, EA, Wells, AU, Denton, CP, Laurent, GJ, Abraham, DJ, and McAnulty, RJ
- Subjects
Male ,Genotype ,Transcription, Genetic ,systemic sclerosis ,Pulmonary Fibrosis ,Down-Regulation ,S8 ,Transfection ,fibroblast ,Dinoprostone ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,DNA Modification Methylases ,Lung ,Cells, Cultured ,Aged ,Cell Proliferation ,Original Paper ,prostaglandin E2 ,DNA methylation ,Binding Sites ,Scleroderma, Systemic ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,11 Medical And Health Sciences ,Fibroblasts ,Middle Aged ,idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ,Original Papers ,Neoplasm Proteins ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Phenotype ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,cyclooxygenase-2 ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,Case-Control Studies ,Female ,RNA Interference - Abstract
The present study demonstrates that hypermethylation and silencing of chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 (thyroid cancer protein 1, TC-1) (c8orf4), a transcriptional regulator of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), is a major contributor to failure of fibroblasts to up-regulate COX-2 in pulmonary fibrosis. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibition reduces c8orf4 methylation, restores COX-2 expression and normalizes fibroblast function., Fibroblasts derived from the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) produce low levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2, due to a limited capacity to up-regulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). This deficiency contributes functionally to the fibroproliferative state, however the mechanisms responsible are incompletely understood. In the present study, we examined whether the reduced level of COX-2 mRNA expression observed in fibrotic lung fibroblasts is regulated epigenetically. The DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5AZA) restored COX-2 mRNA expression by fibrotic lung fibroblasts dose dependently. Functionally, this resulted in normalization of fibroblast phenotype in terms of PGE2 production, collagen mRNA expression and sensitivity to apoptosis. COX-2 methylation assessed by bisulfite sequencing and methylation microarrays was not different in fibrotic fibroblasts compared with controls. However, further analysis of the methylation array data identified a transcriptional regulator, chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 (thyroid cancer protein 1, TC-1) (c8orf4), which is hypermethylated and down-regulated in fibrotic fibroblasts compared with controls. siRNA knockdown of c8orf4 in control fibroblasts down-regulated COX-2 and PGE2 production generating a phenotype similar to that observed in fibrotic lung fibroblasts. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that c8orf4 regulates COX-2 expression in lung fibroblasts through binding of the proximal promoter. We conclude that the decreased capacity of fibrotic lung fibroblasts to up-regulate COX-2 expression and COX-2-derived PGE2 synthesis is due to an indirect epigenetic mechanism involving hypermethylation of the transcriptional regulator, c8orf4.
- Published
- 2016
13. SAT-238-The impact of SVR from direct acting antiviral and interferon-based treatments for HCV on hepatocellular carcinoma risk in a large population based cohort
- Author
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Janjua, Naveed, primary, Wong, Stanley, additional, Rossi, Carmine, additional, Darvishian, Maryam, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Butt, Zahid A, additional, Yoshida, Eric, additional, Ramji, Alnoor, additional, Feld, Jordan, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Samji, Hasina, additional, Tyndall, Mark, additional, and Krajden, Mel, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. THU-118-Factors associated with hepatitis C treatment uptake among people who inject drugs in a population based data linkage study
- Author
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Bartlett, Sofia, primary, Wong, Stanley, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Buller-Taylor, Terri, additional, Butt, Zahid A, additional, Darvishian, Maryam, additional, Rossi, Carmine, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Wong, Dr. Jason, additional, Gilbert, Dr. Mark, additional, Tyndall, Mark, additional, Krajden, Mel, additional, and Janjua, Naveed, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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15. THU-394-Cancer risk among people with HIV, HBV, and/or HCV infections
- Author
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Darvishian, Maryam, primary, Rossi, Carmine, additional, Wong, Stanley, additional, Yu, Amanda, additional, Woods, Ryan, additional, Binka, Mawuena, additional, Butt, Zahid A, additional, Buxton, Jane, additional, Bartlett, Sofia, additional, Pearce, Dr. Margo, additional, Wong, Dr. Jason, additional, Gilbert, Dr. Mark, additional, Grennan, Troy, additional, Alvarez, Maria, additional, Cook, Darrel, additional, Yoshida, Eric, additional, Spinelli, John, additional, Tyndall, Mark, additional, Krajden, Mel, additional, and Janjua, Naveed, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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16. Constrained 3D modelling and geochemical analyses of the Horseshoe Range BIF: tools for evaluating magnetic signatures under cover
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Patterson, Ben, primary, Austin, Dr James, additional, and Pearce, Dr Mark, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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17. Engineering Coexistence
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Pearce, Dr Bruce, Woodward, Mr Lawrence, and Sanders, Mr Richard
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Environmental aspects ,Breeding, genetics and propagation ,Consumer issues - Abstract
A response to the issues raised by the English GM coexistence consultation.
- Published
- 2006
18. Developing a participatory approach to seed production and varietal selection (OF0330)
- Author
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Pearce, Dr Bruce
- Subjects
food and beverages ,Breeding, genetics and propagation ,Cereals, pulses and oilseeds ,Systems research and participatory research - Abstract
Overall Aim To develop a robust system for identifying, testing, multiplying and marketing cereal varieties, lines, mixtures and populations best suited to organic production in different parts of the country. Objectives 1. Develop a participatory research and development methodology for UK organic farmers using variety trialling and the management of seed-borne disease as examples. 2. Collect information on the range of cereal varieties currently grown by organic farmers to help identify the major priorities and constraints among the varieties available. 3. Establish a pilot programme of cereal variety trials with organic farmers on organic farms using the methodology developed by Objective 1. 4. To obtain information on which seed-borne diseases, including ergot, may cause problems in the organic seed production chain of wheat, barley, oats and triticale, and to examine any relationship between organic husbandry conditions (seed rate, sowing date, rotation etc.) and incidence/severity of disease. 5. Determine whether cultivars with good potential for organic production are resistant to one or more of the seed-borne disease problems. 6. Working with farmers (Objective 1), review and identify a range of organically acceptable seed treatments and processes, considering both chemical and physical methods, and test these under organic conditions to determine efficacy. 7. Formulate a code of best practice for the production of certified organic seed, and for the processing of seed on organic farms. 8. To evaluate the participatory research and development approach throughout the entire research process and produce guidelines and materials for best practice. Data will be collected throughout the duration of the project. Objective 1. A literature review was undertaken and an agenda for future research set out. Questions to be addressed included: Have we identified the research that farmers and other stakeholders want? What roles do farmers and other stakeholders play? How do we carry out the testing, adaptation and development of options? How can the effective forms of participatory research (if there are any) be ‘mainstreamed’ into other agricultural research? Existing systems of farmer involvement in research were also examined through interviews with farmers, agri-businesses and scientists. It was found that almost all farmers were carrying out some kind of research on their farm. This may be using scientific methods or using a more holistic approach with multiple criteria. Farmers may set hypotheses explicitly before starting the experiment or they may use gut feelings and be experimenting without acknowledging it. They also often changed treatments during the experiment. It was concluded that the best results are more likely to come when topics are addressed by combining farmers’ own research with research on farms controlled and managed by scientists. From discussions with various farmer groups and the previous experience of Elm Farm Organic Research Centre researchers, it was decided that: the project should focus on winter wheat; and the basic experimental protocol must be simple, be able to be undertaken by the farmer with their own machinery and within the farmers’ time constraints. A protocol was established and reviewed each year at annual post harvest review meetings. Objective 2. Planting data was collected from the members of the Organic Arable Marketing Group in the first year of the project. Hereward and Claire were the most popular winter wheat varieties grown, and this was confirmed by a survey of the farmers involved in this project. A major concern of farmers was achieving milling quality specifications (especially protein concentration). Objective 3. Plots of three bread making winter wheat varieties (Hereward, Solstice and Xi19) and a mixture (1:1:1) of the varieties were grown at up to 19 UK farms in two seasons (2003/04 and 2004/05). Measurements were taken of growth habit, yield and grain quality. Grain yields in both seasons showed significant site by variety interactions, although the variation among sites was greater than among varieties in both instances. Wheat grown at Western sites was significantly shorter and higher-yielding than that grown at Eastern sites in 2003/04 but significantly taller in 2004/05. As with grain yield, greater variation among sites than varieties was found in the Hagberg Falling Number and protein concentration results in both seasons. The results from the two years of trials illustrate the variability of organic systems and the difficulty in selecting a single wheat variety suitable for organic farms. Garlic oil was used as a seed treatment for Hereward on two of the sites in the second year of trials. However, the treatment had no effect on establishment of the variety, and yields were variable. Benchmarking data was collected from 24 farms. Exsept appeared to be the highest yielding variety and yields varied with soil type (silts>clays>sands). More data would be needed to give an accurate picture of organic yields across the country. Objective 4. A total of 676 samples were tested between 2002 and 2005. Treatment thresholds for wheat seed have recently been extensively investigated and revised, producing a safe level below which untreated seed could be sown. Results showed that most samples had higher health status than the conventional treatment thresholds. However, there were occasional problems, most notably in the case of bunt on wheat, where very high levels of infection were seen, and the seed would have been unsuitable for further multiplication as seed, or for ware production. It was not possible to relate these occurrences consistently with any particular farm practice, with the possible exception of one site where minimum tillage was used, and the crop was always a second wheat. Ergot (Claviceps purpurea) was present at high levels (e.g. over 50 pieces per kg of seed) in several samples, but ergot infestation has also been increasing in frequency and severity in conventional production recently. Microdochium nivale sometimes reached high levels on wheat seed in seasons favourable to the disease, but similar levels were also seen in conventional samples received for testing at NIAB. Objective 5. Tests on appropriate varieties were carried out in 2 years. Of the wheat varieties: Hereward and Solstice appeared to show ‘resistance’ to bunt although the nature of the resistance is not known; Exsept, was consistently more resistant to Microdochium in the ear than other varieties; and Claire, Deben and Nijinsky appeared to be more resistant to loose smut than other varieties. There has been little effort to breed for seed borne disease resistance but these results indicate that it should be possible to introduce resistance, especially for diseases like loose smut. Objective 6. Seed treatment trials were carried out in 2004 and 2005 and comprised examples of biological, micronutrient and physical treatments. None of the treatments used in 2004 significantly improved establishment when wheat seed had a high level (30%) of Microdochium nivale seedling blight, and none significantly increased final yield. In 2005, one of the biological treatments tested (from Crompton Ltd) did significantly improve plant establishment, though effects on yield were non-significant. Both biological products (Cerall and the Crompton product) suppressed bunt in 2005, as did Radiate (ammonium and zinc ammonium complex), though the latter had no significant effect in 2004. The hot air treatment also reduced bunt in 2005, though the effect was less marked in 2004. Seed cleaning was also investigated as a means of improving establishment in Microdochium infected wheat. Though establishment counts and early spring counts were improved slightly in the cleaned seed compared to uncleaned, effects were not significant, and final yields were not improved. Incidence of disease in the cleaned versus uncleaned seed (% infection on agar plates) was similar, indicating that the process, although removing light and shrivelled seed, did not selectively remove infected seed. Objective 7. The code of best practice for seed production concentrated on bunt since this was the most prevalent problem found in this project. Guidelines included: always test untreated ‘mother’ seed; seed destined for further multiplication should have as close to 0 bunt spores/seed as possible; seed for crop production should have no more than 1 bunt spore/seed; grow farm-saved seed as first wheat; and sow wheat early to minimize any chances of infection. Objective 8. The participatory process was assessed three times using interviews with farmers and researchers involved in the project. It was evident that farmer participatory research was more complicated, time-consuming and expensive than expected. Key issues identified included: • Acknowledging and addressing the training needs of farmers and researchers at the outset of a project • Building a team of people (farmers and researchers) who understand each others’ background, and are able to work together towards an agreed set of goals. • Appreciating the commitment farmers must make on top of their existing workloads to engage in this sort of activity, and doing what is possible to facilitate this. • Identifying appropriate people to act as boundary spanners and draw all stakeholders together in dialogue. • Within this framework, identifying research goals that can be realistically met by all concerned. • A short leaflet and a longer document were produced for farmers/researchers setting out what’s involved in participatory research and the pros and cons of participating. Conclusions. The experimental aspect of this project has highlighted the large variation among organic systems and the problems in recommending a single variety to organic farmers. However, the work has shown that there are few problems in the health of the seed used in organic systems. This is particularly important since none of the potential organic seed treatments tested had a positive effect on yield. The main aspect of this work has been a learning experience in aspects of farmer participatory research in a UK context. Differing views have meant that natural and social scientists have written different parts of the discussion. Researchers have experienced difficulties in engaging farmers and managing their expectations, the challenges of working in multidisciplinary teams spread over different institutions and the extra time needed to build and maintain relationships. Farmer participatory research does have an important role to play in producing both relevant and rigorous results for farmers and funders. It has to be managed appropriately, and has to be recognised that processes are very different to a typical research project.
- Published
- 2006
19. A participatory methodology for large scale field trials in the UK
- Author
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Jones, Dr H., Hinchsliffe, Miss K., Clarke, Dr S M, Pearce, Dr B, Gibbon, Dr D, Lyon, Dr F, Harris, Dr F, Thomas, Dr J, and Wolfe, Prof M S
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immune system diseases ,food and beverages ,Education, extension and communication ,"Organics" in general ,Research methodology and philosophy ,Systems research and participatory research ,respiratory tract diseases ,Technology transfer - Abstract
Farmer participation was essential in developing a uniquely useful set of wheat variety trials data on a wide range of organic farms over two years. Although the trials were successful, it became clear that some of the participating farmers felt there were some limitations in the process. These included a lack of ownership in the project and a concern for more researcher help. It was clear that a greater time in-vestment was needed at the start of the project to help with farmer understanding and ownership. De-spite the negative comments, farmers appreciated their involvement, particularly in contrasting their own views and information with that from the wider scene. Farmer participation is essential for systems-level research and this project helped to develop a small core of trained farmers and researchers.
- Published
- 2006
20. Organic food and farming research needs in the UK:A report on a stakeholder participatory consultation process
- Author
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Pearce, Dr. Bruce, Gibbon, Dr. David, Watson, Dr. Christine, Fowler, Ms S., and Moore, Dr. Charlotte
- Abstract
During 2005 Defra commissioned a study to identify and analyse issues and aspirations that organic stakeholders felt should be addressed by publicly funded organic food and farming research in the UK. How this was undertaken is presented in this paper. A series of 12 workshops were undertaken with stakeholders throughout the UK. Nearly 300 stakeholders attended the workshops. These workshops used participatory approaches to identify and record the most important issues and aspirations from those attending. The use of a highly participatory style was greatly appreciated by stakeholders. In most cases the interaction between stakeholders worked well and resulted in lively discussions. The workshops have served to open up a useful dialogue between groups of stakeholders who do not normally communicate directly. They have produced a significant number of interesting and challenging issues and aspirations.
- Published
- 2006
21. A participatory approach to variety trials for organic systems
- Author
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Clarke, Dr Sarah M., Hinchsliffe, Miss Kay E., Haigh, Miss Zoe, Jones, Dr Hannah, Pearce, Dr Bruce, Wolfe, Prof Martin S, and Thomas, Dr Jane
- Subjects
Crop husbandry ,"Organics" in general ,Cereals, pulses and oilseeds - Abstract
A participatory research methodology was used to compare the performance of UK wheat varieties under organic conditions. Plots of three breadmaking winter wheat varieties (Hereward, Solstice and Xi19) and a mixture (1:1:1) of the varieties were grown at 19 UK farms in two seasons (2003/04 and 2004/05). Meas-urements were taken of growth habit, yield and grain quality. Grain yields in both seasons showed significant site by variety interactions, although the variation among sites was greater than among varieties in both instances. Wheat grown at Western sites was significantly shorter and higher-yielding than that grown at Eastern sites in 2003/04 but significantly taller in 2004/05. As with grain yield, greater variation among site than variety was found in the Hagberg Falling Number and protein concentra-tion results in both seasons. The results from the two years of trials illustrate the variability of organic systems and the difficulty in selecting a single variety suitable for organic farms.
- Published
- 2006
22. SAT320 - Frequency of prenatal hepatitis C screening and diagnosis in British Columbia, 2008–2018.
- Author
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Pearce, Dr. Margo, Yu, Amanda, Alvarez, Maria, Bartlett, Sofia, Binka, Mawuena, Jeong, Dahn, Clementi, Emilia, Jassem, Agatha, Yoshida, Eric, Wong, Dr. Jason, Pick, Neora, Krajden, Mel, and Janjua, Naveed
- Subjects
- *
DIAGNOSIS - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Seismic Resolution: Resolving power of acoustical echo techniques
- Author
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Pearce, Dr R.G., primary
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Who was George Berkeley? Kenneth L. Pearce on a book that breaks new ground.
- Author
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Pearce, Dr. Kenneth
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY ,NONFICTION - Published
- 2021
25. SAT447 - All-cause mortality and liver-related death following entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or lamivudine therapy among treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients in British Columbia, Canada.
- Author
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Binka, Mawuena, Abdia, Younathan, Wilton, James, Butt, Zahid, Darvishian, Maryam, Wong, Stanley, Yu, Amanda, Bartlett, Sofia, Jeong, Dahn, Clementi, Emilia, Adu, Prince, Pearce, Dr. Margo, Alvarez, Maria, Yoshida, Eric, Ramji, Alnoor, Wong, Dr. Jason, Krajden, Mel, and Janjua, Naveed
- Subjects
- *
CHRONIC hepatitis B , *MORTALITY , *VIRAL hepatitis , *HEPATITIS B - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. SAT302 - Classifying people living with hepatitis C virus using a population-level latent class analysis to inform optimal integration of health services.
- Author
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Clementi, Emilia, Bartlett, Sofia, Janjua, Naveed, Wong, Stanley, Yu, Amanda, Pearce, Dr. Margo, Binka, Mawuena, Alvarez, Maria, Jeong, Dahn, Wilton, James, Adu, Prince, Abdia, Younathan, Wong, Dr. Jason, Krajden, Mel, Buxton, Jane, Otterstatter, Michael, Butt, Zahid, and McKee, Geoff
- Subjects
- *
HEPATITIS C virus , *MEDICAL care - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. THU437 - Real-world effectiveness of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir as a hepatitis C virus infection salvage treatment.
- Author
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Janjua, Naveed, Wilton, James, Cook, Darrel, Wong, Stanley, Butt, Zahid, Bartlett, Sofia, Pearce, Dr. Margo, Ramji, Alnoor, Yoshida, Eric, Yu, Amanda, Alvarez, Maria, Binka, Mawuena, and Krajden, Mel
- Subjects
- *
HEPATITIS C virus , *VIRUS diseases , *VIRAL hepatitis , *HEPATITIS C - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. SAT329 - Incidence of HCV infection among gbMSM in British Columbia, Canada: a population-based cohort study.
- Author
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Janjua, Naveed, Wong, Stanley, Wilton, James, Adu, Prince, Butt, Zahid, Samji, Hasina, McKee, Geoff, Binka, Mawuena, Abdia, Younathan, Yu, Amanda, Bartlett, Sofia, Jeong, Dahn, Clementi, Emilia, Pearce, Dr. Margo, Alvarez, Maria, Wong, Dr. Jason, and Krajden, Mel
- Subjects
- *
COHORT analysis , *INFECTION - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. THU346 - Ethnic disparities in the risk of hepatitis C virus-related diabetes in a large population-based cohort in Canada.
- Author
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Jeong, Dahn, Wong, Stanley, Karim, Mohammad Ehsanul, Binka, Mawuena, Butt, Zahid, Abdia, Younathan, Adu, Prince, Wilton, James, Yu, Amanda, Alvarez, Maria, Pearce, Dr. Margo, Bartlett, Sofia, Krajden, Mel, and Janjua, Naveed
- Subjects
- *
HEPATITIS , *DIABETES , *VIRAL hepatitis , *HEPATITIS C - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. AS038 - Population-level hepatitis C cascade of care among men who have sex with men in British Columbia, Canada.
- Author
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Janjua, Naveed, Yu, Amanda, Wilton, James, Adu, Prince, Pearce, Dr. Margo, Samji, Hasina, McKee, Geoff, Bartlett, Sofia, Butt, Zahid, Binka, Mawuena, Abdia, Younathan, Wong, Stanley, Jeong, Dahn, Clementi, Emilia, Alvarez, Maria, Wong, Dr. Jason, and Krajden, Mel
- Subjects
- *
HEPATITIS C - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Representation of genomic intratumor heterogeneity in multi-region non-small cell lung cancer patient-derived xenograft models.
- Author
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Hynds RE, Huebner A, Pearce DR, Hill MS, Akarca AU, Moore DA, Ward S, Gowers KHC, Karasaki T, Al Bakir M, Wilson GA, Pich O, Martínez-Ruiz C, Hossain ASMM, Pearce SP, Sivakumar M, Ben Aissa A, Grönroos E, Chandrasekharan D, Kolluri KK, Towns R, Wang K, Cook DE, Bosshard-Carter L, Naceur-Lombardelli C, Rowan AJ, Veeriah S, Litchfield K, Crosbie PAJ, Dive C, Quezada SA, Janes SM, Jamal-Hanjani M, Marafioti T, McGranahan N, and Swanton C
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Mice, Female, Exome Sequencing, Genomics methods, Male, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Heterografts, Disease Models, Animal, Aged, Middle Aged, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung genetics, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Lung Neoplasms genetics, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Mice, Inbred NOD, Mice, SCID, Genetic Heterogeneity
- Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are widely used in cancer research. To investigate the genomic fidelity of non-small cell lung cancer PDX models, we established 48 PDX models from 22 patients enrolled in the TRACERx study. Multi-region tumor sampling increased successful PDX engraftment and most models were histologically similar to their parent tumor. Whole-exome sequencing enabled comparison of tumors and PDX models and we provide an adapted mouse reference genome for improved removal of NOD scid gamma (NSG) mouse-derived reads from sequencing data. PDX model establishment caused a genomic bottleneck, with models often representing a single tumor subclone. While distinct tumor subclones were represented in independent models from the same tumor, individual PDX models did not fully recapitulate intratumor heterogeneity. On-going genomic evolution in mice contributed modestly to the genomic distance between tumors and PDX models. Our study highlights the importance of considering primary tumor heterogeneity when using PDX models and emphasizes the benefit of comprehensive tumor sampling., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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32. Lentiviral expression of wild-type LAMA3A restores cell adhesion in airway basal cells from children with epidermolysis bullosa.
- Author
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Lau CH, Rouhani MJ, Maughan EF, Orr JC, Kolluri KK, Pearce DR, Haughey EK, Sutton L, Flatau S, Balboa PL, Bageta ML, O'Callaghan C, Smith CM, Janes SM, Hewitt R, Petrof G, Martinez AE, McGrath JA, Butler CR, and Hynds RE
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Male, Female, Child, Preschool, Genetic Therapy methods, Genetic Vectors genetics, Epithelial Cells metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Gene Expression, Adolescent, Infant, Laminin metabolism, Laminin genetics, Cell Adhesion, Epidermolysis Bullosa genetics, Epidermolysis Bullosa metabolism, Epidermolysis Bullosa therapy, Epidermolysis Bullosa pathology, Lentivirus genetics
- Abstract
The hallmark of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is fragile attachment of epithelia due to genetic variants in cell adhesion genes. We describe 16 EB patients treated in the ear, nose, and throat department of a tertiary pediatric hospital linked to the United Kingdom's national EB unit between 1992 and 2023. Patients suffered a high degree of morbidity and mortality from laryngotracheal stenosis. Variants in laminin subunit alpha-3 (LAMA3) were found in 10/15 patients where genotype was available. LAMA3 encodes a subunit of the laminin-332 heterotrimeric extracellular matrix protein complex and is expressed by airway epithelial basal stem cells. We investigated the benefit of restoring wild-type LAMA3 expression in primary EB patient-derived basal cell cultures. EB basal cells demonstrated weak adhesion to cell culture substrates, but could otherwise be expanded similarly to non-EB basal cells. In vitro lentiviral overexpression of LAMA3A in EB basal cells enabled them to differentiate in air-liquid interface cultures, producing cilia with normal ciliary beat frequency. Moreover, transduction restored cell adhesion to levels comparable to a non-EB donor culture. These data provide proof of concept for a combined cell and gene therapy approach to treat airway disease in LAMA3-affected EB., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. For the purpose of open access, the corresponding author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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33. Imaging the master regulator of the antioxidant response in non-small cell lung cancer with positron emission tomography.
- Author
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Greenwood HE, Edwards RS, Tyrrell WE, Barber AR, Baark F, Tanc M, Khalil E, Falzone A, Ward NP, DeBlasi JM, Torrente L, Pearce DR, Firth G, Smith LM, Timmermand OV, Huebner A, George ME, Swanton C, Hynds RE, DeNicola GM, and Witney TH
- Abstract
Mutations in the NRF2-KEAP1 pathway are common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and confer broad-spectrum therapeutic resistance, leading to poor outcomes. The cystine/glutamate antiporter, system x
c - , is one of the >200 cytoprotective proteins controlled by NRF2, which can be non-invasively imaged by ( S )-4-(3-18 F-fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate ([18 F]FSPG) positron emission tomography (PET). Through genetic and pharmacologic manipulation, we show that [18 F]FSPG provides a sensitive and specific marker of NRF2 activation in advanced preclinical models of NSCLC. We validate imaging readouts with metabolomic measurements of system xc - activity and their coupling to intracellular glutathione concentration. A redox gene signature was measured in patients from the TRACERx 421 cohort, suggesting an opportunity for patient stratification prior to imaging. Furthermore, we reveal that system xc - is a metabolic vulnerability that can be therapeutically targeted for sustained tumour growth suppression in aggressive NSCLC. Our results establish [18 F]FSPG as predictive marker of therapy resistance in NSCLC and provide the basis for the clinical evaluation of both imaging and therapeutic agents that target this important antioxidant pathway.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Phenotyping of lymphoproliferative tumours generated in xenografts of non-small cell lung cancer.
- Author
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Pearce DR, Akarca AU, De Maeyer RPH, Kostina E, Huebner A, Sivakumar M, Karasaki T, Shah K, Janes SM, McGranahan N, Reddy V, Akbar AN, Moore DA, Marafioti T, Swanton C, and Hynds RE
- Abstract
Background: Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models involve the engraftment of tumour tissue in immunocompromised mice and represent an important pre-clinical oncology research method. A limitation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) PDX model derivation in NOD- scid IL2Rgamma
null (NSG) mice is that a subset of initial engraftments are of lymphocytic, rather than tumour origin., Methods: The immunophenotype of lymphoproliferations arising in the lung TRACERx PDX pipeline were characterised. To present the histology data herein, we developed a Python-based tool for generating patient-level pathology overview figures from whole-slide image files; PATHOverview is available on GitHub (https://github.com/EpiCENTR-Lab/PATHOverview)., Results: Lymphoproliferations occurred in 17.8% of lung adenocarcinoma and 10% of lung squamous cell carcinoma transplantations, despite none of these patients having a prior or subsequent clinical history of lymphoproliferative disease. Lymphoproliferations were predominantly human CD20+ B cells and had the immunophenotype expected for post-transplantation diffuse large B cell lymphoma with plasma cell features. All lymphoproliferations expressed Epstein-Barr-encoded RNAs (EBER). Analysis of immunoglobulin light chain gene rearrangements in three tumours where multiple tumour regions had resulted in lymphoproliferations suggested that each had independent clonal origins., Discussion: Overall, these data suggest that B cell clones with lymphoproliferative potential are present within primary NSCLC tumours, and that these are under continuous immune surveillance. Since these cells can be expanded following transplantation into NSG mice, our data highlight the value of quality control measures to identify lymphoproliferations within xenograft pipelines and support the incorporation of strategies to minimise lymphoproliferations during the early stages of xenograft establishment pipelines., Competing Interests: CS acknowledges grant support from AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Roche-Ventana, Invitae previously Archer Dx Inc - collaboration in minimal residual disease sequencing technologies, and Ono Pharmaceutical. CS is an AstraZeneca Advisory Board member and Chief Investigator for the AZ MeRmaiD 1 and 2 clinical trials and is also Co-Chief Investigator of the NHS Galleri trial funded by GRAIL and a paid member of GRAIL’s Scientific Advisory Board. CS receives consultant fees from Achilles Therapeutics also SAB member, Bicycle Therapeutics also a SAB member, Genentech, Medicxi, Roche Innovation Centre - Shanghai, Metabomed until July 2022, and the Sarah Cannon Research Institute. CS has received honoraria from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Bristol Myers Squibb, Illumina, and Roche-Ventana. CS had stock options in Apogen Biotechnologies and GRAIL until June 2021, and currently has stock options in Epic Bioscience, Bicycle Therapeutics, and has stock options and is co-founder of Achilles Therapeutics. CS holds patents relating to assay technology to detect tumour recurrence PCT/GB2017/053289; to targeting neoantigens PCT/EP2016/059401, identifying patent response to immune checkpoint blockade PCT/EP2016/071471, determining HLA LOH PCT/GB2018/052004, predicting survival rates of patients with cancer PCT/GB2020/050221, identifying patients who respond to cancer treatment PCT/GB2018/051912, US patent relating to detecting tumour mutations PCT/US2017/28013, methods for lung cancer detection US20190106751A1 and both a European and US patent related to identifying insertion/deletion mutation targets PCT/GB2018/051892. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Pearce, Akarca, De Maeyer, Kostina, Huebner, Sivakumar, Karasaki, Shah, Janes, McGranahan, Reddy, Akbar, Moore, Marafioti, Swanton and Hynds.)- Published
- 2023
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35. Plasma cell but not CD20-mediated B-cell depletion protects from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis.
- Author
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Prêle CM, Miles T, Pearce DR, O'Donoghue RJ, Grainge C, Barrett L, Birnie K, Lucas AD, Baltic S, Ernst M, Rinaldi C, Laurent GJ, Knight DA, Fear M, Hoyne G, McAnulty RJ, and Mutsaers SE
- Subjects
- Humans, Mice, Animals, Bleomycin pharmacology, Plasma Cells, Lung metabolism, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis drug therapy, Lung Diseases, Interstitial chemically induced
- Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease associated with chronic inflammation and tissue remodelling leading to fibrosis, reduced pulmonary function, respiratory failure and death. Bleomycin (Blm)-induced lung fibrosis in mice replicates several clinical features of human IPF, including prominent lymphoid aggregates of predominantly B-cells that accumulate in the lung adjacent to areas of active fibrosis. We have shown previously a requirement for B-cells in the development of Blm-induced lung fibrosis in mice. To determine the therapeutic potential of inhibiting B-cell function in pulmonary fibrosis, we examined the effects of anti-CD20 B-cell ablation therapy to selectively remove mature B-cells from the immune system and inhibit Blm-induced lung fibrosis. Anti-CD20 B-cell ablation did not reduce fibrosis in this model; however, immune phenotyping of peripheral blood and lung resident cells revealed that anti-CD20-treated mice retained a high frequency of CD19
+ CD138+ plasma cells. Interestingly, high levels of CD138+ cells were also identified in the lung tissue of patients with IPF, consistent with the mouse model. Treatment of mice with bortezomib, which depletes plasma cells, reduced the level of Blm-induced lung fibrosis, implicating plasma cells as important effector cells in the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: S.E. Mutsaers, C.M. Prêle, R.J. McAnulty, G.J. Laurent, G. Hoyne, D.A. Knight, R.J. O'Donoghue and M. Ernst received grants from National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), project grants ID APP1067511. R.J. McAnulty, S.E. Mutsaers, C.M. Prêle and D.R. Pearce received grants from British Lung Foundation, project grant number PPRG15-10. T. Miles reports that Genentech provided the anti-CD20 antibody, and received UWA Research Training Program Scholarship and the Lung Foundation Australia Bill van Nierop PhD Scholarship. All other authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright ©The authors 2022.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Cell-intrinsic differences between human airway epithelial cells from children and adults.
- Author
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Maughan EF, Hynds RE, Pennycuick A, Nigro E, Gowers KHC, Denais C, Gómez-López S, Lazarus KA, Orr JC, Pearce DR, Clarke SE, Lee DDH, Woodall MNJ, Masonou T, Case KM, Teixeira VH, Hartley BE, Hewitt RJ, Al Yaghchi C, Sandhu GS, Birchall MA, O'Callaghan C, Smith CM, De Coppi P, Butler CR, and Janes SM
- Abstract
The airway epithelium is a protective barrier that is maintained by the self-renewal and differentiation of basal stem cells. Increasing age is a principle risk factor for chronic lung diseases, but few studies have explored age-related molecular or functional changes in the airway epithelium. We retrieved epithelial biopsies from histologically normal tracheobronchial sites from pediatric and adult donors and compared their cellular composition and gene expression profile (in laser capture-microdissected whole epithelium, fluorescence-activated cell-sorted basal cells, and basal cells in cell culture). Histologically, pediatric and adult tracheobronchial epithelium was similar in composition. We observed age-associated changes in RNA sequencing studies, including higher interferon-associated gene expression in pediatric epithelium. In cell culture, pediatric cells had higher colony formation ability, sustained in vitro growth, and outcompeted adult cells in a direct competitive proliferation assay. Our results demonstrate cell-intrinsic differences between airway epithelial cells from children and adults in both homeostatic and proliferative states., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests relating to this manuscript. S.M.J. has attended advisory boards for Johnson and Johnson, BARD1 Life Sciences, and AstraZeneca. S.M.J. receives grant funding from GRAIL Inc. and Owlstone Medical., (© 2022 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2022
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37. Reduced SOCS1 Expression in Lung Fibroblasts from Patients with IPF Is Not Mediated by Promoter Methylation or Mir155.
- Author
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Prêle CM, Iosifidis T, McAnulty RJ, Pearce DR, Badrian B, Miles T, Jamieson SE, Ernst M, Thompson PJ, Laurent GJ, Knight DA, and Mutsaers SE
- Abstract
The interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines and exaggerated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 signaling is implicated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis, but the mechanisms regulating STAT3 expression and function are unknown. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1 and SOCS3 block STAT3, and low SOCS1 levels have been reported in IPF fibroblasts and shown to facilitate collagen production. Fibroblasts and lung tissue from IPF patients and controls were used to examine the mechanisms underlying SOCS1 down-regulation in IPF. A significant reduction in basal SOCS1 mRNA in IPF fibroblasts was confirmed. However, there was no difference in the kinetics of activation, and methylation of SOCS1 in control and IPF lung fibroblasts was low and unaffected by 5'-aza-2'-deoxycytidine' treatment. SOCS1 is a target of microRNA-155 and although microRNA-155 levels were increased in IPF tissue, they were reduced in IPF fibroblasts. Therefore, SOCS1 is not regulated by SOCS1 gene methylation or microRNA155 in these cells. In conclusion, we confirmed that IPF fibroblasts had lower levels of SOCS1 mRNA compared with control fibroblasts, but we were unable to determine the mechanism. Furthermore, although SOCS1 may be important in the fibrotic process, we were unable to find a significant role for SOCS1 in regulating fibroblast function.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. AMBRA1 regulates cyclin D to guard S-phase entry and genomic integrity.
- Author
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Maiani E, Milletti G, Nazio F, Holdgaard SG, Bartkova J, Rizza S, Cianfanelli V, Lorente M, Simoneschi D, Di Marco M, D'Acunzo P, Di Leo L, Rasmussen R, Montagna C, Raciti M, De Stefanis C, Gabicagogeascoa E, Rona G, Salvador N, Pupo E, Merchut-Maya JM, Daniel CJ, Carinci M, Cesarini V, O'sullivan A, Jeong YT, Bordi M, Russo F, Campello S, Gallo A, Filomeni G, Lanzetti L, Sears RC, Hamerlik P, Bartolazzi A, Hynds RE, Pearce DR, Swanton C, Pagano M, Velasco G, Papaleo E, De Zio D, Maya-Mendoza A, Locatelli F, Bartek J, and Cecconi F
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation, Checkpoint Kinase 1 antagonists & inhibitors, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases metabolism, DNA Replication, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Genes, Tumor Suppressor, Humans, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Synthetic Lethal Mutations, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing metabolism, Cyclin D metabolism, Genomic Instability, S Phase
- Abstract
Mammalian development, adult tissue homeostasis and the avoidance of severe diseases including cancer require a properly orchestrated cell cycle, as well as error-free genome maintenance. The key cell-fate decision to replicate the genome is controlled by two major signalling pathways that act in parallel-the MYC pathway and the cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-retinoblastoma protein (RB) pathway
1,2 . Both MYC and the cyclin D-CDK-RB axis are commonly deregulated in cancer, and this is associated with increased genomic instability. The autophagic tumour-suppressor protein AMBRA1 has been linked to the control of cell proliferation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that AMBRA1 is an upstream master regulator of the transition from G1 to S phase and thereby prevents replication stress. Using a combination of cell and molecular approaches and in vivo models, we reveal that AMBRA1 regulates the abundance of D-type cyclins by mediating their degradation. Furthermore, by controlling the transition from G1 to S phase, AMBRA1 helps to maintain genomic integrity during DNA replication, which counteracts developmental abnormalities and tumour growth. Finally, we identify the CHK1 kinase as a potential therapeutic target in AMBRA1-deficient tumours. These results advance our understanding of the control of replication-phase entry and genomic integrity, and identify the AMBRA1-cyclin D pathway as a crucial cell-cycle-regulatory mechanism that is deeply interconnected with genomic stability in embryonic development and tumorigenesis.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Progress towards non-small-cell lung cancer models that represent clinical evolutionary trajectories.
- Author
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Hynds RE, Frese KK, Pearce DR, Grönroos E, Dive C, and Swanton C
- Subjects
- Animals, Carcinogenesis, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Tumor Microenvironment, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Models, Biological
- Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although advances are being made towards earlier detection and the development of impactful targeted therapies and immunotherapies, the 5-year survival of patients with advanced disease is still below 20%. Effective cancer research relies on pre-clinical model systems that accurately reflect the evolutionary course of disease progression and mimic patient responses to therapy. Here, we review pre-clinical models, including genetically engineered mouse models and patient-derived materials, such as cell lines, primary cell cultures, explant cultures and xenografts, that are currently being used to interrogate NSCLC evolution from pre-invasive disease through locally invasive cancer to the metastatic colonization of distant organ sites.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Determination of Thresholds of Radioactive Iodine Uptake Response With Clinical Exposure to Perchlorate: A Pooled Analysis.
- Author
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Bruce GM, Corey LM, Pearce EN, Braverman LE, and Pleus RC
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Perchlorates administration & dosage, Regression Analysis, Young Adult, Iodine Radioisotopes metabolism, Perchlorates pharmacology
- Abstract
Objective: To conduct a more robust examination of perchlorate exposure on iodide uptake inhibition (IUI) using pooled data from four clinical studies of perchlorate exposure., Methods: To establish a response threshold for IUI, data were analyzed using segmented linear regression and benchmark dose (BMD) analysis., Results: Segmented linear regression applied to data for 69 subjects representing nine doses identified a breakpoint corresponding to a change in the slope of the dose-response relationship of 3.0 mg/d perchlorate. The estimated BMD for a 20% decrease in iodine uptake was 2.3 mg/d, with a lower 95% confidence interval limit of 1.6 mg/d., Conclusions: A threshold dose for IUI from perchlorate exposure of 1.6 to 3.0 mg/d (0.021 to 0.038 mg/kg d) was estimated using two modeling approaches. These estimates are slightly higher than the lowest observed effect level of 0.02 mg/kg d from the Greer Study.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The pharmacological properties in animals of CT1341--a new steroid anaesthetic agent.
- Author
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Child KJ, Currie JP, Dis B, Dodds MG, Pearce DR, and Twissell DJ
- Subjects
- Anesthesia, Intravenous, Anesthetics pharmacology, Anesthetics toxicity, Animals, Blood Vessels drug effects, Cats, Dogs, Ear, External blood supply, Female, Haplorhini, Injections, Intra-Arterial, Ketones pharmacology, Male, Mice, Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents, Preanesthetic Medication, Pregnanes toxicity, Propanidid pharmacology, Rabbits, Rats, Reflex drug effects, Succinylcholine, Thiopental pharmacology, Thymus Gland drug effects, Pregnanes pharmacology
- Published
- 1971
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. An introduction to Althesin (CT 1341).
- Author
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Davis B and Pearce DR
- Subjects
- Anesthesia, Intravenous, Anesthetics toxicity, Animals, Cats, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Lethal Dose 50, Male, Mice, Rats, Solubility, Anesthetics administration & dosage, Ketones administration & dosage, Pregnanes administration & dosage
- Published
- 1972
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