Author: "Paul T. Baker" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Paul T. Baker"' showing total 106 results

Start Over Author "Paul T. Baker"

106 results on '"Paul T. Baker"'

1. Erratum: 'The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Search for Signals from New Physics' (2023, ApJL 951 L11)

Author: Adeela Afzal, Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Jose Juan Blanco-Pillado, Laura Blecha, Kimberly K. Boddy, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Katerina Chatziioannou, Belinda D. Cheeseboro, Siyuan Chen, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Curt J. Cutler, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Heling Deng, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Richard von Eckardstein, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Kyle A. Gersbach, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Lydia Guertin, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Sophie Hourihane, Kristina Islo, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Vincent S. H. Lee, Natalia Lewandowska, Rafael R. Lino dos Santos, Tyson B. Littenberg, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Patrick M. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Jonathan Nay, Priyamvada Natarajan, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Polina Petrov, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Tobias Schröder, Levi Schult, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Peter Stratmann, Jerry P. Sun, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jacob Taylor, Stephen R. Taylor, Tanner Trickle, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sonali Verma, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Qiaohong Wang, Caitlin A. Witt, David Wright, Olivia Young, Kathryn M. Zurek, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Search for Transverse Polarization Modes in the Gravitational-wave Background

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Jeremy Baier, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Priyamvada Natarajan, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Alexander Saffer, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Jerry P. Sun, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jacob A. Taylor, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Pulsars, Scalar-tensor-vector gravity, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Recently we found compelling evidence for a gravitational-wave background with Hellings and Downs (HD) correlations in our 15 yr data set. These correlations describe gravitational waves as predicted by general relativity, which has two transverse polarization modes. However, more general metric theories of gravity can have additional polarization modes, which produce different interpulsar correlations. In this work, we search the NANOGrav 15 yr data set for evidence of a gravitational-wave background with quadrupolar HD and scalar-transverse (ST) correlations. We find that HD correlations are the best fit to the data and no significant evidence in favor of ST correlations. While Bayes factors show strong evidence for a correlated signal, the data does not strongly prefer either correlation signature, with Bayes factors ∼2 when comparing HD to ST correlations, and ∼1 for HD plus ST correlations to HD correlations alone. However, when modeled alongside HD correlations, the amplitude and spectral index posteriors for ST correlations are uninformative, with the HD process accounting for the vast majority of the total signal. Using the optimal statistic, a frequentist technique that focuses on the pulsar-pair cross-correlations, we find median signal-to-noise ratios of 5.0 for HD and 4.6 for ST correlations when fit for separately, and median signal-to-noise ratios of 3.5 for HD and 3.0 for ST correlations when fit for simultaneously. While the signal-to-noise ratios for each of the correlations are comparable, the estimated amplitude and spectral index for HD are a significantly better fit to the total signal, in agreement with our Bayesian analysis.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Chromatic Gaussian Process Noise Models for Six Pulsars

Author: Bjorn Larsen, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Aurélien Chalumeau, Deborah C. Good, Joseph Simon, Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Paul R. Brook, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Ross J. Jennings, Megan L. Jones, David L. Kaplan, Matthew Kerr, Michael T. Lam, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Alexander McEwen, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Ingrid H. Stairs, Kevin Stovall, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Haley M. Wahl, David J. Champion, Ismaël Cognard, Lucas Guillemot, Huanchen Hu, Michael J. Keith, Kuo Liu, James W. McKee, Aditya Parthasarathy, Delphine Perrodin, Andrea Possenti, Golam M. Shaifullah, and Gilles Theureau
Subjects: Millisecond pulsars, Gravitational wave astronomy, Gravitational wave detectors, Pulsar timing method, Interstellar medium, Astronomy data analysis, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are designed to detect low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). GWs induce achromatic signals in PTA data, meaning that the timing delays do not depend on radio frequency. However, pulse arrival times are also affected by radio-frequency-dependent “chromatic” noise from sources such as dispersion measure (DM) and scattering delay variations. Furthermore, the characterization of GW signals may be influenced by the choice of chromatic noise model for each pulsar. To better understand this effect, we assess if and how different chromatic noise models affect the achromatic noise properties in each pulsar. The models we compare include existing DM models used by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational waves (NANOGrav) and noise models used for the European PTA Data Release 2 (EPTA DR2). We perform this comparison using a subsample of six pulsars from the NANOGrav 15 yr data set, selecting the same six pulsars as from the EPTA DR2 six-pulsar data set. We find that the choice of chromatic noise model noticeably affects the achromatic noise properties of several pulsars. This is most dramatic for PSR J1713+0747, where the amplitude of its achromatic red noise lowers from ${\mathrm{log}}_{10}{A}_{\mathrm{RN}}=-{14.1}_{-0.1}^{+0.1}$ to $-{14.7}_{-0.5}^{+0.3}$ , and the spectral index broadens from ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{RN}}={2.6}_{-0.4}^{+0.5}$ to ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{RN}}={3.5}_{-0.9}^{+1.2}$ . We also compare each pulsar's noise properties with those inferred from the EPTA DR2, using the same models. From the discrepancies, we identify potential areas where the noise models could be improved. These results highlight the potential for custom chromatic noise models to improve PTA sensitivity to GWs.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. An Unusual Pulse Shape Change Event in PSR J1713+0747 Observed with the Green Bank Telescope and CHIME

Author: Ross J. Jennings, James M. Cordes, Shami Chatterjee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Paul B. Demorest, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Harsha Blumer, Paul R. Brook, Tyler Cohen, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Timothy Dolch, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Emmanuel Fonseca, Deborah C. Good, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Megan L. Jones, David L. Kaplan, Michael T. Lam, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, James W. McKee, Dustin R. Madison, Bradley W. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, David J. Nice, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Nihan S. Pol, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Joseph K. Swiggum, Chia Min Tan, Stephen R. Taylor, Sarah J. Vigeland, and Caitlin A. Witt
Subjects: Pulsars, Millisecond pulsars, Radio astrometry, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The millisecond pulsar J1713+0747 underwent a sudden and significant pulse shape change between 2021 April 16 and 17 (MJDs 59320 and 59321). Subsequently, the pulse shape gradually recovered over the course of several months. We report the results of continued multifrequency radio observations of the pulsar made using the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment and the 100 m Green Bank Telescope in a 3 yr period encompassing the shape change event, between 2020 February and 2023 February. As of 2023 February, the pulse shape had returned to a state similar to that seen before the event, but with measurable changes remaining. The amplitude of the shape change and the accompanying time-of-arrival residuals display a strong nonmonotonic dependence on radio frequency, demonstrating that the event is neither a glitch (the effects of which should be independent of radio frequency, ν ) nor a change in dispersion measure alone (which would produce a delay proportional to ν ^−2 ). However, it does bear some resemblance to the two previous “chromatic timing events” observed in J1713+0747, as well as to a similar event observed in PSR J1643−1224 in 2015.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: A Computationally Efficient Eccentric Binary Search Pipeline and Constraints on an Eccentric Supermassive Binary Candidate in 3C 66B

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Harsha Blumer, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Belinda D. Cheeseboro, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Lankeswar Dey, Timothy Dolch, Justin A. Ellis, Robert D. Ferdman, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Achamveedu Gopakumar, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Patrick M. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Kai Schmitz, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella, Renée Spiewak, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Millisecond pulsars, Supermassive black holes, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The radio galaxy 3C 66B has been hypothesized to host a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) at its center based on electromagnetic observations. Its apparent 1.05 yr period and low redshift (∼0.02) make it an interesting testbed to search for low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) using pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments. This source has been subjected to multiple searches for continuous GWs from a circular SMBHB, resulting in progressively more stringent constraints on its GW amplitude and chirp mass. In this paper, we develop a pipeline for performing Bayesian targeted searches for eccentric SMBHBs in PTA data sets, and test its efficacy by applying it to simulated data sets with varying injected signal strengths. We also search for a realistic eccentric SMBHB source in 3C 66B using the NANOGrav 12.5 yr data set employing PTA signal models containing Earth term-only as well as Earth+pulsar term contributions using this pipeline. Due to limitations in our PTA signal model, we get meaningful results only when the initial eccentricity e _0 < 0.5 and the symmetric mass ratio η > 0.1. We find no evidence for an eccentric SMBHB signal in our data, and therefore place 95% upper limits on the PTA signal amplitude of 88.1 ± 3.7 ns for the Earth term-only and 81.74 ± 0.86 ns for the Earth+pulsar term searches for e _0 < 0.5 and η > 0.1. Similar 95% upper limits on the chirp mass are (1.98 ± 0.05) × 10 ^9 and (1.81 ± 0.01) × 10 ^9 M _☉ . These upper limits, while less stringent than those calculated from a circular binary search in the NANOGrav 12.5 yr data set, are consistent with the SMBHB model of 3C 66B developed from electromagnetic observations.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Search for Gravitational Wave Memory

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Harsha Blumer, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Justin A. Ellis, Robert D. Ferdman, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Patrick M. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Nihan S. Pol, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Kai Schmitz, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella, Renée Spiewak, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Jerry P. Sun, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jacob Taylor, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Gravitational wave astronomy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present the results of a Bayesian search for gravitational wave (GW) memory in the NANOGrav 12.5 yr data set. We find no convincing evidence for any gravitational wave memory signals in this data set. We find a Bayes factor of 2.8 in favor of a model that includes a memory signal and common spatially uncorrelated red noise (CURN) compared to a model including only a CURN. However, further investigation shows that a disproportionate amount of support for the memory signal comes from three dubious pulsars. Using a more flexible red-noise model in these pulsars reduces the Bayes factor to 1.3. Having found no compelling evidence, we go on to place upper limits on the strain amplitude of GW memory events as a function of sky location and event epoch. These upper limits are computed using a signal model that assumes the existence of a common, spatially uncorrelated red noise in addition to a GW memory signal. The median strain upper limit as a function of sky position is approximately 3.3 × 10 ^−14 . We also find that there are some differences in the upper limits as a function of sky position centered around PSR J0613−0200. This suggests that this pulsar has some excess noise that can be confounded with GW memory. Finally, the upper limits as a function of burst epoch continue to improve at later epochs. This improvement is attributable to the continued growth of the pulsar timing array.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Search for Anisotropy in the Gravitational-wave Background

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Emiko Gardiner, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Levi Schult, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Caitlin A. Witt, and Olivia Young
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Gravitational wave astronomy, Supermassive black holes, Pulsars, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) has reported evidence for the presence of an isotropic nanohertz gravitational-wave background (GWB) in its 15 yr data set. However, if the GWB is produced by a population of inspiraling supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) systems, then the background is predicted to be anisotropic, depending on the distribution of these systems in the local Universe and the statistical properties of the SMBHB population. In this work, we search for anisotropy in the GWB using multiple methods and bases to describe the distribution of the GWB power on the sky. We do not find significant evidence of anisotropy. By modeling the angular power distribution as a sum over spherical harmonics (where the coefficients are not bound to always generate positive power everywhere), we find that the Bayesian 95% upper limit on the level of dipole anisotropy is ( C _l _=1 / C _l _=0 ) < 27%. This is similar to the upper limit derived under the constraint of positive power everywhere, indicating that the dipole may be close to the data-informed regime. By contrast, the constraints on anisotropy at higher spherical-harmonic multipoles are strongly prior dominated. We also derive conservative estimates on the anisotropy expected from a random distribution of SMBHB systems using astrophysical simulations conditioned on the isotropic GWB inferred in the 15 yr data set and show that this data set has sufficient sensitivity to probe a large fraction of the predicted level of anisotropy. We end by highlighting the opportunities and challenges in searching for anisotropy in pulsar timing array data.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Constraints on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from the Gravitational-wave Background

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Alexander Bonilla, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Katerina Chatziioannou, Belinda D. Cheeseboro, Siyuan Chen, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Curt J. Cutler, Daniel J. D’Orazio, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Heling Deng, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Emiko Gardiner, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Kyle A. Gersbach, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Sophie Hourihane, Kristina Islo, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tyson B. Littenberg, Tingting Liu, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Patrick M. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Priyamvada Natarajan, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Polina Petrov, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Jessie C. Runnoe, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Levi Schult, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Jerry P. Sun, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jacob Taylor, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Jeremy M. Wachter, Haley M. Wahl, Qiaohong Wang, Caitlin A. Witt, David Wright, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Supermassive black holes, Galaxy evolution, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The NANOGrav 15 yr data set shows evidence for the presence of a low-frequency gravitational-wave background (GWB). While many physical processes can source such low-frequency gravitational waves, here we analyze the signal as coming from a population of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries distributed throughout the Universe. We show that astrophysically motivated models of SMBH binary populations are able to reproduce both the amplitude and shape of the observed low-frequency gravitational-wave spectrum. While multiple model variations are able to reproduce the GWB spectrum at our current measurement precision, our results highlight the importance of accurately modeling binary evolution for producing realistic GWB spectra. Additionally, while reasonable parameters are able to reproduce the 15 yr observations, the implied GWB amplitude necessitates either a large number of parameters to be at the edges of expected values or a small number of parameters to be notably different from standard expectations. While we are not yet able to definitively establish the origin of the inferred GWB signal, the consistency of the signal with astrophysical expectations offers a tantalizing prospect for confirming that SMBH binaries are able to form, reach subparsec separations, and eventually coalesce. As the significance grows over time, higher-order features of the GWB spectrum will definitively determine the nature of the GWB and allow for novel constraints on SMBH populations.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Bayesian Limits on Gravitational Waves from Individual Supermassive Black Hole Binaries

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Robin Case, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Matthew C. Digman, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Sophie Hourihane, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Patrick M. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Polina Petrov, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jacob Taylor, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Rutger van Haasteren, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational wave astronomy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Evidence for a low-frequency stochastic gravitational-wave background has recently been reported based on analyses of pulsar timing array data. The most likely source of such a background is a population of supermassive black hole binaries, the loudest of which may be individually detected in these data sets. Here we present the search for individual supermassive black hole binaries in the NANOGrav 15 yr data set. We introduce several new techniques, which enhance the efficiency and modeling accuracy of the analysis. The search uncovered weak evidence for two candidate signals, one with a gravitational-wave frequency of ∼4 nHz, and another at ∼170 nHz. The significance of the low-frequency candidate was greatly diminished when Hellings–Downs correlations were included in the background model. The high-frequency candidate was discounted due to the lack of a plausible host galaxy, the unlikely astrophysical prior odds of finding such a source, and since most of its support comes from a single pulsar with a commensurate binary period. Finding no compelling evidence for signals from individual binary systems, we place upper limits on the strain amplitude of gravitational waves emitted by such systems. At our most sensitive frequency of 6 nHz, we place a sky-averaged 95% upper limit of 8 × 10 ^−15 on the strain amplitude. We also calculate an exclusion volume and a corresponding effective radius, within which we can rule out the presence of black hole binaries emitting at a given frequency.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Bayesian Limits on Gravitational Waves from Individual Supermassive Black Hole Binaries

Author: Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Laura Blecha, Harsha Blumer, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Bence Bécsy, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Siyuan Chen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Justin A. Ellis, E. C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Joey Shapiro Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, Maura A. McLaughlin, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Nihan S. Pol, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena Siwek, Renée Spiewak, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jessica Sydnor, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Gregory Walsh, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Astronomy data analysis, Millisecond pulsars, Supermassive black holes, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Pulsar timing array collaborations, such as the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav), are seeking to detect nanohertz gravitational waves emitted by supermassive black hole binaries formed in the aftermath of galaxy mergers. We have searched for continuous waves from individual circular supermassive black hole binaries using NANOGrav’s recent 12.5 yr data set. We created new methods to accurately model the uncertainties on pulsar distances in our analysis, and we implemented new techniques to account for a common red-noise process in pulsar timing array data sets while searching for deterministic gravitational wave signals, including continuous waves. As we found no evidence for continuous waves in our data, we placed 95% upper limits on the strain amplitude of continuous waves emitted by these sources. At our most sensitive frequency of 7.65 nHz, we placed a sky-averaged limit of h _0 < (6.82 ± 0.35) × 10 ^−15 , and h _0 < (2.66 ± 0.15) × 10 ^−15 in our most sensitive sky location. Finally, we placed a multimessenger limit of ${ \mathcal M }\lt (1.41\pm 0.02)\times {10}^{9}\,{M}_{\odot }$ on the chirp mass of the supermassive black hole binary candidate 3C 66B.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-wave Background

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Katerina Chatziioannou, Belinda D. Cheeseboro, Siyuan Chen, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Curt J. Cutler, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Heling Deng, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Justin A. Ellis, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Kyle A. Gersbach, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Sophie Hourihane, Kristina Islo, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Tonia C. Klein, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tyson B. Littenberg, Tingting Liu, Andrea Lommen, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Margaret A. Mattson, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Patrick M. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Priyamvada Natarajan, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Polina Petrov, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Levi Schult, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Jerry P. Sun, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jacob Taylor, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Rutger van Haasteren, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Qiaohong Wang, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Gravitational wave astronomy, Millisecond pulsars, Radio pulsars, Supermassive black holes, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We report multiple lines of evidence for a stochastic signal that is correlated among 67 pulsars from the 15 yr pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves. The correlations follow the Hellings–Downs pattern expected for a stochastic gravitational-wave background. The presence of such a gravitational-wave background with a power-law spectrum is favored over a model with only independent pulsar noises with a Bayes factor in excess of 10 ^14 , and this same model is favored over an uncorrelated common power-law spectrum model with Bayes factors of 200–1000, depending on spectral modeling choices. We have built a statistical background distribution for the latter Bayes factors using a method that removes interpulsar correlations from our data set, finding p = 10 ^−3 (≈3 σ ) for the observed Bayes factors in the null no-correlation scenario. A frequentist test statistic built directly as a weighted sum of interpulsar correlations yields p = 5 × 10 ^−5 to 1.9 × 10 ^−4 (≈3.5 σ –4 σ ). Assuming a fiducial f ^−2/3 characteristic strain spectrum, as appropriate for an ensemble of binary supermassive black hole inspirals, the strain amplitude is ${2.4}_{-0.6}^{+0.7}\times {10}^{-15}$ (median + 90% credible interval) at a reference frequency of 1 yr ^−1 . The inferred gravitational-wave background amplitude and spectrum are consistent with astrophysical expectations for a signal from a population of supermassive black hole binaries, although more exotic cosmological and astrophysical sources cannot be excluded. The observation of Hellings–Downs correlations points to the gravitational-wave origin of this signal.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Observations and Timing of 68 Millisecond Pulsars

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Md Faisal Alam, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Laura Blecha, Victoria Bonidie, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Bence Bécsy, Christopher Chapman, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Cody Jessup, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Anastasia Kuske, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Ye Lin, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Kaleb Maraccini, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Elisa Panciu, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Laura Salo, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Carl Schmiedekamp, Ann Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Qiaohong Wang, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Millisecond pulsars, Pulsar timing method, Time series analysis, Pulsars, Gravitational waves, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present observations and timing analyses of 68 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) comprising the 15 yr data set of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav). NANOGrav is a pulsar timing array (PTA) experiment that is sensitive to low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). This is NANOGrav’s fifth public data release, including both “narrowband” and “wideband” time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements and corresponding pulsar timing models. We have added 21 MSPs and extended our timing baselines by 3 yr, now spanning nearly 16 yr for some of our sources. The data were collected using the Arecibo Observatory, the Green Bank Telescope, and the Very Large Array between frequencies of 327 MHz and 3 GHz, with most sources observed approximately monthly. A number of notable methodological and procedural changes were made compared to our previous data sets. These improve the overall quality of the TOA data set and are part of the transition to new pulsar timing and PTA analysis software packages. For the first time, our data products are accompanied by a full suite of software to reproduce data reduction, analysis, and results. Our timing models include a variety of newly detected astrometric and binary pulsar parameters, including several significant improvements to pulsar mass constraints. We find that the time series of 23 pulsars contain detectable levels of red noise, 10 of which are new measurements. In this data set, we find evidence for a stochastic GW background.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Detector Characterization and Noise Budget

Author: Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Lydia Guertin, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Caitlin A. Witt, Olivia Young, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Millisecond pulsars, Pulsar timing method, Gravitational wave astronomy, Gravitational wave detectors, Radio astronomy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are galactic-scale gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Each individual arm, composed of a millisecond pulsar, a radio telescope, and a kiloparsecs-long path, differs in its properties but, in aggregate, can be used to extract low-frequency GW signals. We present a noise and sensitivity analysis to accompany the NANOGrav 15 yr data release and associated papers, along with an in-depth introduction to PTA noise models. As a first step in our analysis, we characterize each individual pulsar data set with three types of white-noise parameters and two red-noise parameters. These parameters, along with the timing model and, particularly, a piecewise-constant model for the time-variable dispersion measure, determine the sensitivity curve over the low-frequency GW band we are searching. We tabulate information for all of the pulsars in this data release and present some representative sensitivity curves. We then combine the individual pulsar sensitivities using a signal-to-noise ratio statistic to calculate the global sensitivity of the PTA to a stochastic background of GWs, obtaining a minimum noise characteristic strain of 7 × 10 ^−15 at 5 nHz. A power-law-integrated analysis shows rough agreement with the amplitudes recovered in NANOGrav’s 15 yr GW background analysis. While our phenomenological noise model does not model all known physical effects explicitly, it provides an accurate characterization of the noise in the data while preserving sensitivity to multiple classes of GW signals.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Search for Signals from New Physics

Author: Adeela Afzal, Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Jose Juan Blanco-Pillado, Laura Blecha, Kimberly K. Boddy, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Katerina Chatziioannou, Belinda D. Cheeseboro, Siyuan Chen, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Curt J. Cutler, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Heling Deng, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Richard von Eckardstein, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Kyle A. Gersbach, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Lydia Guertin, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Sophie Hourihane, Kristina Islo, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Vincent S. H. Lee, Natalia Lewandowska, Rafael R. Lino dos Santos, Tyson B. Littenberg, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Patrick M. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Jonathan Nay, Priyamvada Natarajan, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Polina Petrov, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Tobias Schröder, Levi Schult, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Peter Stratmann, Jerry P. Sun, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Jacob Taylor, Stephen R. Taylor, Tanner Trickle, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Sonali Verma, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Qiaohong Wang, Caitlin A. Witt, David Wright, Olivia Young, Kathryn M. Zurek, and The NANOGrav Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Cosmology, Particle astrophysics, Gravitational wave sources, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The 15 yr pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) shows positive evidence for the presence of a low-frequency gravitational-wave (GW) background. In this paper, we investigate potential cosmological interpretations of this signal, specifically cosmic inflation, scalar-induced GWs, first-order phase transitions, cosmic strings, and domain walls. We find that, with the exception of stable cosmic strings of field theory origin, all these models can reproduce the observed signal. When compared to the standard interpretation in terms of inspiraling supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), many cosmological models seem to provide a better fit resulting in Bayes factors in the range from 10 to 100. However, these results strongly depend on modeling assumptions about the cosmic SMBHB population and, at this stage, should not be regarded as evidence for new physics. Furthermore, we identify excluded parameter regions where the predicted GW signal from cosmological sources significantly exceeds the NANOGrav signal. These parameter constraints are independent of the origin of the NANOGrav signal and illustrate how pulsar timing data provide a new way to constrain the parameter space of these models. Finally, we search for deterministic signals produced by models of ultralight dark matter (ULDM) and dark matter substructures in the Milky Way. We find no evidence for either of these signals and thus report updated constraints on these models. In the case of ULDM, these constraints outperform torsion balance and atomic clock constraints for ULDM coupled to electrons, muons, or gluons.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. How to Detect an Astrophysical Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Background

Author: Bence Bécsy, Neil J. Cornish, Patrick M. Meyers, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Laura Blecha, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Katerina Chatziioannou, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Gabriel E. Freedman, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Joseph Glaser, Deborah C. Good, Kayhan Gültekin, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Sophie Hourihane, Ross J. Jennings, Aaron D. Johnson, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Matthew Kerr, Joey S. Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, William G. Lamb, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Natalia Lewandowska, Tyson B. Littenberg, Tingting Liu, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, James W. McKee, Maura A. McLaughlin, Natasha McMann, Bradley W. Meyers, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Andrea Mitridate, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Stella Koch Ocker, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Benetge B. P. Perera, Nihan S. Pol, Henri A. Radovan, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Ann Schmiedekamp, Carl Schmiedekamp, Kai Schmitz, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Joseph K. Swiggum, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Caner Unal, Michele Vallisneri, Rutger van Haasteren, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Caitlin A. Witt, and Olivia Young
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Gravitational wave sources, Gravitational wave astronomy, Supermassive black holes, Astronomy data analysis, Bayesian statistics, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Analyses of pulsar timing data have provided evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background in the nanohertz frequency band. The most plausible source of this background is the superposition of signals from millions of supermassive black hole binaries. The standard statistical techniques used to search for this background and assess its significance make several simplifying assumptions, namely (i) Gaussianity, (ii) isotropy, and most often, (iii) a power-law spectrum. However, a stochastic background from a finite collection of binaries does not exactly satisfy any of these assumptions. To understand the effect of these assumptions, we test standard analysis techniques on a large collection of realistic simulated data sets. The data-set length, observing schedule, and noise levels were chosen to emulate the NANOGrav 15 yr data set. Simulated signals from millions of binaries drawn from models based on the Illustris cosmological hydrodynamical simulation were added to the data. We find that the standard statistical methods perform remarkably well on these simulated data sets, even though their fundamental assumptions are not strictly met. They are able to achieve a confident detection of the background. However, even for a fixed set of astrophysical parameters, different realizations of the universe result in a large variance in the significance and recovered parameters of the background. We also find that the presence of loud individual binaries can bias the spectral recovery of the background if we do not account for them.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Implementation of an Efficient Bayesian Search for Gravitational-wave Bursts with Memory in Pulsar Timing Array Data

Author: Jerry Sun, Paul T. Baker, Aaron D. Johnson, Dustin R. Madison, and Xavier Siemens
Subjects: Gravitational waves, General relativity, Gravitational wave detectors, Gravitational wave astronomy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The standard Bayesian technique for searching pulsar timing data for gravitational-wave bursts with memory (BWMs) using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling is very computationally expensive to perform. In this paper, we explain the implementation of an efficient Bayesian technique for searching for BWMs. This technique makes use of the fact that the signal model for Earth-term BWMs (BWMs passing over the Earth) is fully factorizable. We estimate that this implementation reduces the computational complexity by a factor of 100. We also demonstrate that this technique gives upper limits consistent with published results using the standard Bayesian technique, and may be used to perform all of the same analyses of BWMs that standard MCMC techniques can perform.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. The NANOGrav 11yr Data Set: Limits on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in Galaxies within 500 Mpc

Author: Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Bence Bécsy, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Rodney D. Elliott, Justin A. Ellis, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Emmanuel Fonseca, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Deborah C. Good, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Kristina Islo, Ross J. Jennings, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Joey Shapiro Key, Michael T. Lam, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Chung-Pei Ma, Dustin R. Madison, Maura A. McLaughlin, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Timothy T. Pennucci, Nihan S. Pol, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Renée Spiewak, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Joseph K. Swiggum, Stephen R. Taylor, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, and Caitlin A. Witt
Subjects: Astrophysics, Astronomy
Abstract: Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) should form frequently in galactic nuclei as a result of galaxy mergers. At subparsec separations, binaries become strong sources of low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs), targeted by Pulsar Timing Arrays. We used recent upper limits on continuous GWs from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) 11 yr data set to place constraints on putative SMBHBs in nearby massive galaxies. We compiled a comprehensive catalog of ∼44,000 galaxies in the local universe (up to redshift ∼0.05) and populated them with hypothetical binaries, assuming that the total mass of the binary is equal to the SMBH mass derived from global scaling relations. Assuming circular equal-mass binaries emitting at NANOGrav's most sensitive frequency of 8 nHz, we found that 216 galaxies are within NANOGrav's sensitivity volume. We ranked the potential SMBHBs based on GW detectability by calculating the total signal-to-noise ratio such binaries would induce within the NANOGrav array. We placed constraints on the chirp mass and mass ratio of the 216 hypothetical binaries. For 19 galaxies, only very unequal-mass binaries are allowed, with the mass of the secondary less than 10% that of the primary, roughly comparable to constraints on an SMBHB in the Milky Way. However, we demonstrated that the (typically large) uncertainties in the mass measurements can weaken the upper limits on the chirp mass. Additionally, we were able to exclude binaries delivered by major mergers (mass ratio of at least 1/4) for several of these galaxies. We also derived the first limit on the density of binaries delivered by major mergers purely based on GW data.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Astrophysics Milestones for Pulsar Timing Array Gravitational-wave Detection

Author: Nihan S. Pol, Stephen R. Taylor, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Sarah J. Vigeland, Joseph Simon, Siyuan Chen, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Shami Chatterjee, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Deborah C. Good, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Ross J. Jennings, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Joey Shapiro Key, Michael T. Lam, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, Maura A. McLaughlin, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Timothy T. Pennucci, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Joseph K. Swiggum, Michele Vallisneri, Haley Wahl, and Caitlin A. Witt
Subjects: Astrophysics, Physics Of Elementary Particles And Fields
Abstract: The NANOGrav Collaboration reported strong Bayesian evidence for a common-spectrum stochastic process in its12.5 yr pulsar timing array data set, with median characteristic strain amplitude at periods of a year of A(yr) = 1.92(+0.75,-0.55) x 10^(-15). However, evidence for the quadrupolar Hellings & Downs interpulsar correlations, which are characteristic of gravitational-wave signals, was not yet significant. We emulate and extend the NANOGrav data set, injecting a wide range of stochastic gravitational-wave background(GWB)signals that encompass a variety of amplitudes and spectral shapes, and quantify three key milestones.(I)Given the amplitude measured in the 12.5 yr analysis and assuming this signal is a GWB, we expect to accumulate robust evidence of an interpulsar-correlated GWB signal with 15–17 yr of data, i.e., an additional 2–5 yr from the 12.5 yr data set.(II)At the initial detection, we expect a fractional uncertainty of 40% on the power-law strain spectrum slope, which is sufficient to distinguish a GWB of supermassive black hole binary origin from some models predicting more exotic origins.(III)Similarly, the measured GWB amplitude will have an uncertainty of 44% upon initial detection, allowing us to arbitrate between some population models of supermassive black hole binaries. In addition, power-law models are distinguishable from those having low-frequency spectral turnovers once 20 yr of data are reached. Even though our study is based on the NANOGrav data, we also derive relations that allow for a generalization to other pulsar timing array data sets. Most notably, by combining the data of individual arrays into the International Pulsar Timing Array, all of these milestones can be reached significantly earlier.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Multimessenger Gravitational-wave Searches with Pulsar Timing Arrays: Application to 3C 66B Using the NANOGrav 11-year Data Set

Author: Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T Baker, Adam Brazier, Paul R Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Bence Becsy, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, James M Cordes, Neil J Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E DeCesar, Paul B Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Rodney D Elliott, Justin A Ellis, Robert D Ferdman, Elizabeth C Ferrara, Emmanuel Fonseca, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Peter A Gentile, Deborah C Good, Jeffrey S Hazboun, Kristina Islo, Ross J Jennings, Megan L Jones, Andrew R Kaiser, David L Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Joey Shapiro Key, Michael T Lam, T Joseph W Lazio, Lina Levin, Jing Luo, Ryan S Lynch, Dustin R Madison, Maura A McLaughlin, Chiara M F Mingarelli, Cherry Ng, David J Nice, Timothy T Pennucci, Nihan S Pol, Scott M Ransom, Paul S Ray, Brent J Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Renee Spiewak, Ingrid H Stairs, Daniel R Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Joseph K Swiggum, Stephen R Taylor, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J Vigeland, Caitlin A Witt, and Weiwei Zhu
Subjects: Astronomy
Abstract: When galaxies merge, the supermassive black holes in their centers may form binaries and emit low-frequency gravitational radiation in the process. In this paper, we consider the galaxy 3C 66B, which was used as the target of the first multimessenger search for gravitational waves. Due to the observed periodicities present in the photometric and astrometric data of the source, it has been theorized to contain a supermassive black hole binary. Its apparent 1.05-year orbital period would place the gravitational-wave emission directly in the pulsar timing band. Since the first pulsar timing array study of 3C 66B, revised models of the source have been published, and timing array sensitivities and techniques have improved dramatically. With these advances, we further constrain the chirp mass of the potential supermassive black hole binary in 3C 66B to less than (1.65±0.02)×109Me using data from the NANOGrav 11-year data set. This upper limit provides a factor of 1.6 improvement over previous limits and a factor of 4.3 over the first search done. Nevertheless, the most recent orbital model for the source is still consistent with our limit from pulsar timing array data. In addition, we are able to quantify the improvement made by the inclusion of source properties gleaned from electromagnetic data over “blind” pulsar timing array searches. With these methods, it is apparent that it is not necessary to obtain exact a priori knowledge of the period of a binary to gain meaningful astrophysical inferences.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Erratum: Searches for continuous gravitational waves from 15 supernova remnants and fomalhaut b with advanced LIGO (2019, ApJ, 875, 122)*

Author: A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, F. Frasconi, Chris A. Collins, R. Flaminio, Marcus E. Lower, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, E. K. Wessel, Nikhil Sarin, Odylio D. Aguiar, I. W. Martin, S. Farinon, P. Raffai, Andrew Matas, C. F. Da Silva Costa, M. A. Okada, G. Rutins, Graham Woan, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, D. Passuello, A. Cirone, H. S. Chen, Hyun Lee, J. D. Lough, K. Mason, S. A. Bilgili, E. C. Ferreira, Robert L. Byer, J. Calderón Bustillo, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, O. Halim, N. A. Robertson, Stuart Reid, F. J. Hayes, Patrick Godwin, N. Sennett, P. Kumar, Jacob Scheuer, B. R. Hall, J. Hanks, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, Edward K. Porter, J. G. Bartlett, Márton Tápai, K. W. Tsang, C. Horst, W. A. Campbell, Andreas Freise, C. V. Kalaghatgi, M. Rakhmanov, G. Pagano, Paul D. Lasky, J. W. Westhouse, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, C. Lazzaro, Patricia Schmidt, V. Brisson, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Matthew Pitkin, D. Cohen, Kiran Prasai, P. J. Veitch, S. A. Usman, C. Messenger, Liam Cunningham, E. A. M. Muniz, Daniel A. Shaddock, P. Gruning, Brittany Kamai, Riccardo Ciolfi, Alberto Vecchio, Geoffrey Mo, J. M. Fishner, Roman Schnabel, J. Hanson, M. Wade, M. Montani, P. Sharma, Héctor Estellés, N. Letendre, F. Ricci, A. Lenon, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Richard Gray, Efim A. Khazanov, Peter T. H. Pang, C. Affeldt, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, A. A. Ciobanu, M. Granata, Minchuan Zhou, F. Marion, P. Brockill, Nancy Aggarwal, Hang Yu, P. G. Murray, Fabien Kéfélian, J. H. Hough, P. W. F. Forsyth, S. R. Thondapu, J. R. Palamos, Michele Zanolin, S. Mukherjee, T. J. Massinger, T. Vo, V. Kalogera, N. Leroy, G. D. Hammond, Javed Rana, H. Fong, G. Greco, M. Haney, T. A. Callister, Alec Mishkin, R. Cavalieri, S. R. P. Mohapatra, G. Giordano, K. Toland, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, H. Ohta, Vuk Mandic, B. Bécsy, M. Kasprzack, I. Dave, B. D. Lackey, R. L. Ward, Scott Coughlin, A.J. Weinstein, K. H. Lai, M. Phelps, H. S. Cho, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, E. Capocasa, M. Chan, S. Walsh, D. J. McManus, A. Schönbeck, B. Rajbhandari, Andrew Mehta, S. D. Linker, R. Robie, M. Fletcher, B. Hughey, R. D. Kennedy, José A. Font, Gregorio Carullo, S. Kumar, J. Prasad, H. K. Gulati, V. Raymond, Steven Bloemen, H. J. Bulten, Shiuh Chao, P. J. Sutton, N. Singh, C. Buy, Samuele Cortese, J. McIver, Vivishek Sudhir, P. A. Altin, A. Basti, N. A. Lockerbie, E. Schreiber, Charalampos Markakis, P. Grassia, Kipp Cannon, M. Steinke, P.H. Nguyen, Ryan N. Lang, Z. Doctor, Alyssa Garcia, J. H. Romie, Carlos O. Lousto, S. Sitmukhambetov, Alejandro Torres-Forné, A. Samajdar, D. M. Wysocki, T. Mistry, Mark A. Scheel, Charlie Hoy, F. Clara, M. A. Aloy, T. M. Evans, C. North, Thomas Dent, P. Corban, P. Ajith, B. Mours, Mandar Patil, Abhirup Ghosh, J. Neilson, Bala R. Iyer, Y. K. Lecoeuche, M. Muratore, Karsten Danzmann, Fabrizio Barone, N. Mukund, P. B. Covas, M. C. Edwards, T. Hinderer, Marta Colleoni, J. A. Giaime, Michael Pürrer, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, A. Grado, D. C. Vander-Hyde, S. S. Y. Chua, J. Eichholz, J.-P. Coulon, Hua Wang, E. A. Chase, J. Betzwieser, G. Kang, L. R. Cominsky, O. A. Hannuksela, Z. Frei, A. Pal-Singh, S. Caride, Kevin Barkett, N. Bode, S. E. Gossan, Tristan Briant, R. Gustafson, Antoine Heidmann, Rana X. Adhikari, S. McCormick, C. Casentini, Slawomir Gras, D. Töyrä, H. Overmier, S. W. S. Ng, G. Wang, M. C. Heintze, J. S. Areeda, I. Belahcene, B. B. Lane, N. Mazumder, Maher Yazback, F. Donovan, J. Bosveld, N. A. Holland, N. V. Keerthana, M.L. Walker, C. Cahillane, L. Sun, M. C. Milovich-Goff, Dániel Barta, J. D. E. Creighton, V. Gayathri, P. Puppo, J.-D. Fournier, S. J. Kapadia, A. L. Stuver, A. S. Sengupta, H. W. Lee, I. Di Palma, S. T. Countryman, Francesco Pannarale, E. A. Huerta, J. L. Wright, Alessandra Corsi, B. W. Schulte, A. Rocchi, J. P. Zendri, R. Kashyap, Chandra Kant Mishra, R. Bhandare, Sylvain Marsat, Lee McCuller, T. Bulik, T. D. Abbott, O. Puncken, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, Philip F. Hopkins, C. Cocchieri, B. Goncharov, R. Birney, M. Kinley-Hanlon, I. Fiori, Shawn Rosofsky, Jun Liu, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, D. Sellers, J. Meidam, Jeff R. Powell, Riccardo Sturani, D. Hoak, Stefan L. Danilishin, Patrick Brady, L. Matone, Haocun Yu, M. Landry, R. M. S. Schofield, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, V. Avendano, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, Geoffrey Lovelace, Soichiro Morisaki, John Worden, P. Couvares, Carl-Johan Haster, O. J. Piccinni, L. Rolland, C. L. Romel, Miriam Cabero, Alessandra Buonanno, L. Wallace, S. Biscoveanu, M. B. Shaner, Benjamin J. Owen, Alexander Urban, Antoni Ramos-Buades, V. V. Frolov, A. Singhal, F. Carbognani, Jordan Camp, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, A. Królak, B. D. Cheeseboro, G. Cerretani, P. J. Easter, J. F. J. van den Brand, M. J. Szczepańczyk, L. Di Fiore, E. Bonilla, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, Jessica Steinlechner, A. Neunzert, P.-F. Cohadon, M. Heurs, Irina Kowalska, E. Katsavounidis, Xiuling Li, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, Kin Sing Stephen Lee, Frank Ohme, M. Tonelli, R. De Rosa, Kwan-Lok Li, I. Nardecchia, Reed Essick, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, S. Kandhasamy, M. Fishbach, B. Sorazu, Christopher Wipf, Archisman Ghosh, A. P. Lundgren, Gabrielle Allen, E. J. Daw, M. Punturo, F. Garufi, Antonio Marquina, Surendra Nadh Somala, I. Dorrington, Robert J. McCarthy, T. A. Ferreira, R. Frey, Joseph Smith, S. Brunett, J. Zweizig, A. W. Heptonstall, E. L. Merilh, D. Barker, K. D. Giardina, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, L. Naticchioni, Salvatore Vitale, R. Kirchhoff, B. L. Pearlstone, N. Man, Antonios Kontos, D. Moffa, J. J. McCann, J.-M. Isac, D. Hofman, Linqing Wen, A. Bisht, A. Kutynia, M. A. Page, Tyson Littenberg, Z. Tornasi, Junwei Cao, Sebastian Steinlechner, T. J. Slaven-Blair, S. ShyamSundar, C. Stachie, Hongyu Shen, O. de Varona, J. B. Kanner, Federico Ferrini, Lijing Shao, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, Christopher P. L. Berry, S. H. Huttner, G. M. Harry, Andrea Chincarini, K. Venkateswara, Yuri Levin, C. Austin, C.D. Booth, M. Barsuglia, S. Appert, A. Giazotto, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, T. Z. Summerscales, A. Viceré, T. Huynh-Dinh, Fabio Hernandez, H. Cao, Ashok Kumar, D. J. Vine, W. Katzman, Alena Ananyeva, D. C. Coyne, Stanislav Babak, Rico K. L. Lo, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, F. Y. Khalili, Ken K. Y. Ng, A. Hreibi, M. Thomas, D. Fiorucci, Manuela Rizzo, H. Radkins, A. Bozzi, A. K. Prajapati, A. R. Wade, M. Agathos, M. Brinkmann, R. Quitzow-James, N. N. Janthalur, B. Sassolas, K. Izumi, L. Xiao, J. S. Lange, H. Y. Chia, M. C. Díaz, W. S. Kim, M. H. Wimmer, K. Haughian, S. Hochheim, M. Yvert, M. Nery, Marc Favata, L. E. Wade, Roger Jones, V. J. Roma, A. P. Spencer, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, M. Khursheed, Ettore Majorana, Robert Stone, Alessandro Nagar, D. D. Brown, Anthony A. Amato, N. van Bakel, Sebastien Biscans, P. Fulda, P. Charlton, F. Magaña-Sandoval, L. Aiello, M. Gosselin, A. R. Williamson, D. Huet, R. Green, M. Was, M. C. Tringali, A. K. Zadrożny, E. E. Cowan, V. Boschi, L. Zhang, J. H. Klika, M. Bawaj, J. Junker, M. van Beuzekom, K. W. Chung, David Coward, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, F. Travasso, M. Constancio, A. Allocca, Sascha Husa, G. Venugopalan, D.B. DeBra, Mikhail L. Gorodetsky, C. Whittle, Z. Khan, P. Ehrens, Paul M. Ricker, Y. Setyawati, H. Khan, S. E. Barclay, B. F. Whiting, F. Brighenti, C. Talbot, J. H. Briggs, J. Casanueva Diaz, D. H. Reitze, A. F. Brooks, P. J. Quinonez, V. Kringel, J. L. Willis, Ofek Birnholtz, M. F. Carney, P. Schale, R. Bonnand, Mariana Fazio, H. Vocca, C. Van Den Broeck, E. Sowell, Albrecht Rüdiger, Xing-Jiang Zhu, Jochen Kissel, Felice Sorrentino, V. Srivastava, D. Talukder, Michał Bejger, M. Standke, M. Croquette, David A. Williams, A. Effler, I. W. Harry, D. Mukherjee, Y. R. Chen, J. Jiang, Alessandro Bertolini, M. Fays, D. Moraru, J. C. Driggers, Matthew Evans, M. Bitossi, G. Bergmann, K. Wette, M. M. Hanke, Leo Singer, E. Cesarini, M. Hulko, T. D. Creighton, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Jörg Hennig, Eric Howell, A. Strunk, G. Vedovato, L. E. H. Datrier, D. B. Kozak, D. Stocks, C. Vorvick, P. Thomas, M. Arène, S. B. Anderson, Tim Dietrich, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, A. Di Lieto, R. A. Eisenstein, S. J. Chamberlin, Jishnu Suresh, G. D. Meadors, Z. A. Warden, R. Gouaty, T. Zelenova, Riccardo Bassiri, John J. Oh, M. Vasúth, Jonathan Cripe, N. Kijbunchoo, E. Cuoco, Sheelu Abraham, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Michael W. Coughlin, G. D. O'Dea, Bruno Giacomazzo, Giuseppe Intini, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, T. Etzel, J.-G. Ducoin, M. Eisenmann, A. Dmitriev, S. Leavey, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, L. K. Nuttall, D. Wilken, S. Katsanevas, R. Goetz, C. Adams, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, D. M. Shoemaker, Binlei Ding, V. Bossilkov, Lindsay DeMarchi, I. Khan, K. Siellez, D. Sentenac, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, S. Macfoy, Sergio Gaudio, D. B. Tanner, A. Trovato, Olivier Minazzoli, Magnus Manske, M. Razzano, C. C. Yancey, F. Vetrano, Zachariah B. Etienne, Jennifer Watchi, E. Maros, R. C. Walet, V. P. Mitrofanov, R. Colgan, C. S. Unnikrishnan, G. Moreno, V. Kondrashov, P. Leaci, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, S. P. Stevenson, Achamveedu Gopakumar, R. Inta, C. J. Richardson, S. Klimenko, M. J. Yap, C. Palomba, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, F.L. Linde, P. Booker, L. Milano, S. C. Tait, N. V. Krishnendu, A. Pasqualetti, W. Del Pozzo, W. M. Farr, A. C. Green, Fausto Acernese, M. Korobko, B. C. Pant, C. Messick, J. Derby, J. Healy, K. A. Thorne, A. Cumming, M. Denys, M. Tse, S. Ascenzi, S. E. Dwyer, R. M. Magee, David Keitel, V. Germain, S. J. Cooper, Giacomo Ciani, K. Rao, Yongjung Kim, Peter Weßels, I. A. Bilenko, L. Haegel, David J. Ottaway, B. P. Abbott, H. Vahlbruch, J. C. Mills, E. K. Gustafson, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, H. Middleton, S. Doravari, H. Heitmann, Piotr Jaranowski, M. S. Shahriar, P. Ruggi, M. Weinert, H. A. G. Gabbard, D. M. Macleod, Karan Jani, B. L. Swinkels, Arunava Mukherjee, S. Privitera, L. Glover, Imre Bartos, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, H. Qi, E. Genin, J. Zhang, F. Baldaccini, B. U. Gadre, A. Lartaux-Vollard, B. Irwin, R. Shink, L. Rei, Huang-Wei Pan, Gijs Nelemans, S. Vass, Kenneth A. Strain, Jimin George, R. Coyne, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, M. Sieniawska, Fabrice Matichard, A. Paoli, K. A. Santiago, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, G. Cagnoli, Arnold Miller, H. N. Isa, Suvadeep Bose, V. Tiwari, V. Quetschke, Yann Bouffanais, Martin M. Fejer, L. F. Ortega, D. Lumaca, M. Pedraza, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, Y. Minenkov, P. Bacon, K. AultONeal, K. Chakravarti, E. D. Hall, L. Sammut, Lionel London, D. George, R. K. Lanza, Y. Boetzel, Alexander C. Jenkins, P. Dupej, Eric B. Flynn, Z. Márka, M. Mantovani, T. Prestegard, D. W. Yeeles, Xie Chen, A. Markowitz, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Samuel Deléglise, M. Merzougui, A. Fernandez-Galiana, S. M. Scott, M. Obergaulinger, Turlough P. Downes, F. Cavalier, A. Ain, R. J. Trudeau, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, L. van der Schaaf, S. A. Pai, C. De Rossi, W. Parker, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Milan Gupta, G. Dálya, B. Gateley, G. Cho, J. C. Bayley, Aaron Buikema, V. Sandberg, E. J. King, M. J. Cowart, S. Koley, M. Boer, G. Mendell, S. J. Jadhav, B. Idzkowski, V. Loriette, V. Skliris, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Shubhanshu Tiwari, G. Koekoek, L. Trozzo, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, Koh Ueno, Christian Pedersen, Albert Lazzarini, Kyungmin Kim, N. Koper, H. Wittel, M. Deenadayalan, B. O'Reilly, A. W. Jones, Sheila Rowan, S. G. Schwalbe, D. Pascucci, R. De Pietri, S. Mitra, T. Sadecki, W. Ren, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, J. Z. Wang, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, R. Cotesta, R. G. Ormiston, S. Kaufer, Rainer Weiss, David E. McClelland, Paul J. Groot, M. Zevin, R. A. Mercer, S. Ossokine, Jinsook Kim, Rebecca Fisher, J. Li, A. M. Holgado, H. Fair, Samaya Nissanke, X. Liu, M. A. Bizouard, K. Bossie, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, Al Imran Malik, K. G. Arun, J. D. Tasson, C. K. Cheong, J. R. Gair, M. Fitz-Axen, B. K. Berger, S. D'Antonio, N. Arnaud, K. E. Ramirez, W. Z. Korth, Daniel E. Holz, F. Di Renzo, Torrey Cullen, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, Vijay Varma, M. MacInnis, Marco Romanelli, M. Fyffe, F. Cipriano, David Blair, C. Fee, Gabriela Gonzalez, F. Aubin, G. Stratta, Jesper Munch, K. R. Corley, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, J. Birch, S. Bae, P. Rapagnani, F. J. Raab, D. Tuyenbayev, B. Patricelli, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, S. Barnum, D. Buskulic, S. G. Gaonkar, E. Coccia, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, B. A. Weaver, Xiaohui Fan, J. G. Rollins, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, M. De Laurentis, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, G. Valdes, David Jones, M. R. Ganija, L.-W. Wei, Haixing Miao, G. Bogaert, R. Taylor, P. Popolizio, Koji Arai, Ryan Lynch, A. D. Viets, D. Meacher, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, E. J. Sanchez, S. Ponrathnam, G. A. Prodi, K. L. Dooley, Fangchen Feng, Lisa Barsotti, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, Marco Cavaglia, J.J. Bero, Leo Tsukada, David H. Shoemaker, M. Lormand, D. J. Stops, S. Karki, Anirban Dasgupta, E. Z. Hamilton, R. J. G. Jonker, J. S. H. Lee, T. Dal Canton, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, D. Verkindt, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, Keith Rose, K. S. Karvinen, F. Martelli, C. Rajan, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Peter R. Saulson, V. Sequino, Tenglin Li, R. DeSalvo, D. Estevez, B. Pang, Paul T. Baker, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, D. Rosińska, J. C. Barayoga, V. Fafone, R. Tso, Jonathan Richardson, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, N. Sanchis-Gual, N. Radulescu, L. Mereni, Terry G. McRae, S. Mastrogiovanni, Richard J. Abbott, L. G. Prokhorov, Patrick M. Koch, S. Antier, S. Banagiri, A. Grant, D. Chatterjee, T. L. Lam, A. Pele, A. Chiummo, Nergis Mavalvala, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, M. Davier, Jerome Degallaix, François Bondu, F. Badaracco, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, Hartmut Grote, R. J. E. Smith, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, Christophe Collette, Ho-Gyu Lee, G. Losurdo, Luca Gammaitoni, R. Metzdorff, C. J. Perez, B. D. O'Brien, M. K. M. Bader, O. Chaibi, Devon S. Johnson, C. Bradaschia, P. Oppermann, Neil J. Cornish, S. Frasca, M. Di Giovanni, Ik Siong Heng, Kai Staats, F-L. Lin, L. Conti, M. Chaturvedi, S. Márka, Stephen Fairhurst, Carl Blair, Peter Aufmuth, T. Di Girolamo, V. Mangano, A. L. Miller, S. Ghosh, László Á. Gergely, A. Macquet, P. Astone, B. Lantz, Daichi Tsuna, K. Mogushi, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, S. G. Crowder, J. Feicht, Joey Shapiro Key, J. R. Sanders, António Alves da Silva, Q. Chu, S. V. Angelova, L. Magaña Zertuche, Lili Yang, Laura Cadonati, D. A. Steer, M. Branchesi, Zefeng Zhou, D. Y. T. Pong, L. Kleybolte, E. Massera, F. Wellmann, Edward Seidel, O. E. S. Sauter, J. Woehler, S. Chung, K. S. Phukon, A. Avila-Alvarez, Chad Hanna, A. Bramley, C. Kimball, J. Oberling, M. Pirello, K. Gill, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, J. Bidler, M. Cho, G. Gaur, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, F. Nocera, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, S. Di Pace, K. Haris, T. Zhang, N. Demos, Thibaut Jacqmin, T. Regimbau, I. Maksimovic, G. Hemming, S. M. Koehlenbeck, M. Saleem, M. Oliver, Douglas Davis, Geraint Pratten, E. Goetz, Tarun Souradeep, Andrea Taracchini, D. Bersanetti, G. Ashton, S. Penn, J. V. van Heijningen, Yu Wang, F. Thies, G. L. Mansell, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, Eric Thrane, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, A. Brillet, C. Michel, M. Vardaro, Sarah Caudill, T. D. Knowles, F. Robinet, V. B. Adya, J. K. Wofford, F. Cleva, M. P. Ross, T. B. Edo, M. Pichot, Maximiliano Isi, E. M. Gretarsson, Ying Guo, D. Beniwal, Peter Fritschel, Wenxiao Wang, M. Masso-Reid, S. Kwang, L. E. Sanchez, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, L. Salconi, C. A. Costa, Zhihui Du, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (Astro)-Particles Physics, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, Supernova, Fomalhaut, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Equation (5) of the published article?(Abbott et al. 2019) is in error; it should read (Formula Presented) The upper limits on ò presented in the published article are unaffected by this error.
Published: 2021

21. Method for detecting highly eccentric binaries with a gravitational wave burst search

Author: B. D. Cheeseboro and Paul T. Baker
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, LIGO, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, Waveform, Quantum gravity, Eccentricity (behavior), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: Detection of gravitational waves (GW) from highly eccentric binary black hole (BBH) systems can provide insight into their dynamics and formation. To date, all of the LIGO-Virgo BBH detections have been made using quasicircular templates in their initial discovery. However, recent studies have found some of these systems to be compatible with high eccentricity in the LIGO band, ${e}_{10\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Hz}}g0.1$, possibly pointing to a population of sources that are challenging to detect. Current low-latency search methods used with ground-based GW detector data are not well equipped to detect highly eccentric sources. Template-based, matched-filter searches require accurate eccentric waveform models that are computational expensive. Unmodeled burst searches are designed to detected localized excess power and are unable to identify multiple isolated bursts, as would originate from a single highly eccentric BBH. Therefore, we propose a signal-based prior that can be incorporated into an existing GW burst search to target highly eccentric BBHs. Our eccentric burst prior is based on the Newtonian burst model described by [Classical Quantum Gravity 34, 135011 (2017)]. As a proof of concept, we test our method on simulated data and find that for intermediate $\mathrm{SNR}\ensuremath{\sim}3--6$ signals using the eccentric burst prior more effectively localizes GW bursts when compared to a uniform prior.
Published: 2021

22. The NANOGrav 12.5-year Data Set: Search for Non-Einsteinian Polarization Modes in the Gravitational-wave Background

Author: Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Harsha Blumer, Bence Bécsy, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Siyuan Chen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas M. DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler, Justin A. Ellis, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, William Fiore, Emmanuel Fonseca, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Deborah C. Good, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, A. Miguel Holgado, Kristina Islo, Ross J. Jennings, Megan L. Jones, Andrew R. Kaiser, David L. Kaplan, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Joey Shapiro Key, Nima Laal, Michael T. Lam, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Duncan R. Lorimer, Tingting Liu, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Dustin R. Madison, Alexander McEwen, Maura A. McLaughlin, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Cherry Ng, David J. Nice, Ken D. Olum, Timothy T. Pennucci, Nihan S. Pol, Scott M. Ransom, Paul S. Ray, Joseph D. Romano, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Xavier Siemens, Joseph Simon, Magdalena S. Siwek, Renée Spiewak, Ingrid H. Stairs, Daniel R. Stinebring, Kevin Stovall, Jerry P. Sun, Joseph K. Swiggum, Stephen R. Taylor, Jacob E. Turner, Michele Vallisneri, Sarah J. Vigeland, Haley M. Wahl, Caitlin A. Witt, Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), and NANOGrav
Subjects: noise, family, gravitation: model, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), power spectrum, 01 natural sciences, Bayesian, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, pulsar, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, gravitational radiation: background, Astronomy and Astrophysics, NANOGrav, solar system, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, transverse, space-time, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), correlation, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We search NANOGrav's 12.5-year data set for evidence of a gravitational wave background (GWB) with all the spatial correlations allowed by general metric theories of gravity. We find no substantial evidence in favor of the existence of such correlations in our data. We find that scalar-transverse (ST) correlations yield signal-to-noise ratios and Bayes factors that are higher than quadrupolar (tensor transverse, TT) correlations. Specifically, we find ST correlations with a signal-to-noise ratio of 2.8 that are preferred over TT correlations (Hellings and Downs correlations) with Bayesian odds of about 20:1. However, the significance of ST correlations is reduced dramatically when we include modeling of the Solar System ephemeris systematics and/or remove pulsar J0030$+$0451 entirely from consideration. Even taking the nominal signal-to-noise ratios at face value, analyses of simulated data sets show that such values are not extremely unlikely to be observed in cases where only the usual TT modes are present in the GWB. In the absence of a detection of any polarization mode of gravity, we place upper limits on their amplitudes for a spectral index of $\gamma = 5$ and a reference frequency of $f_\text{yr} = 1 \text{yr}^{-1}$. Among the upper limits for eight general families of metric theories of gravity, we find the values of $A^{95\%}_{TT} = (9.7 \pm 0.4)\times 10^{-16}$ and $A^{95\%}_{ST} = (1.4 \pm 0.03)\times 10^{-15}$ for the family of metric spacetime theories that contain both TT and ST modes., Comment: 24 pages, 18 figures, 3 appendices. Please send any comments/questions to Nima Laal (laaln@oregonstate.edu)
Published: 2021

23. Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-mass PSR J0740+6620

Author: Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, Deborah C. Good, V. M. Kaspi, J. W. McKee, Wenbai Zhu, Cherry Ng, Ross J. Jennings, Harsha Blumer, Fengqiu Adam Dong, D. R. Lorimer, Paul S. Ray, A. Naidu, E. C. Ferrara, H. A. Radovan, I. H. Stairs, Paul Demorest, William Fiore, Paul R. Brook, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Joseph K. Swiggum, C. M. Tan, Michael T. Lam, Timothy T. Pennucci, N. Garver-Daniels, Timothy Dolch, Natasha McMann, Alexander McEwen, B. W. Meyers, David J. Nice, M. A. McLaughlin, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Ismaël Cognard, J. Luo, Haley M. Wahl, L. Guillemot, A. Yu. Kirichenko, Aditya Parthasarathy, Matthew Kerr, Nihan Pol, M. L. Jones, Scott M. Ransom, Emmanuel Fonseca, H. T. Cromartie, M. E. DeCesar, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General relativity, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Neutron star, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 0103 physical sciences, High mass, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: We report results from continued timing observations of PSR J0740+6620, a high-mass, 2.8-ms radio pulsar in orbit with a likely ultra-cool white dwarf companion. Our data set consists of combined pulse arrival-time measurements made with the 100-m Green Bank Telescope and the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment telescope. We explore the significance of timing-based phenomena arising from general-relativistic dynamics and variations in pulse dispersion. When using various statistical methods, we find that combining $\sim 1.5$ years of additional, high-cadence timing data with previous measurements confirms and improves upon previous estimates of relativistic effects within the PSR J0740+6620 system, with the pulsar mass $m_{\rm p} = 2.08^{+0.07}_{-0.07}$ M$_\odot$ (68.3\% credibility) determined by the relativistic Shapiro time delay. For the first time, we measure secular variation in the orbital period and argue that this effect arises from apparent acceleration due to significant transverse motion. After incorporating contributions from Galactic differential rotation and off-plane acceleration in the Galactic potential, we obtain a model-dependent distance of $d = 1.14^{+0.17}_{-0.15}$ kpc (68.3\% credibility). This improved distance confirms the ultra-cool nature of the white dwarf companion determined from recent optical observations. We discuss the prospects for future observations with next-generation facilities, which will likely improve the precision on $m_{\rm p}$ for J0740+6620 by an order of magnitude within the next few years., Final version after minor corrections during referee process. Published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters on 1 July 2021
Published: 2021

24. Astrophysics Milestones for Pulsar Timing Array Gravitational-wave Detection

Author: Paul R. Brook, Megan E. Decesar, David J. Nice, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Timothy T. Pennucci, H. Thankful Cromartie, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Timothy Dolch, Daniel R. Stinebring, Paul Demorest, Alexander McEwen, Ryan S. Lynch, Siyuan Chen, James M. Cordes, Scott M. Ransom, Paul T. Baker, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Ingrid H. Stairs, Megan L. Jones, Neil J. Cornish, Ross J. Jennings, Paul S. Ray, Haley M. Wahl, Adam Brazier, Joseph Simon, William Fiore, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Joseph K. Swiggum, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Cherry Ng, Joey Shapiro Key, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Michael T. Lam, Xavier Siemens, Jing Luo, D. R. Madison, Deborah C. Good, Maura McLaughlin, Sarah J. Vigeland, B. Bécsy, Michele Vallisneri, Zaven Arzoumanian, David L. Kaplan, Caitlin A. Witt, Fronefield Crawford, Shami Chatterjee, Emmanuel Fonseca, Stephen Taylor, Andrew R. Kaiser, Nihan Pol, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and NANOGrav
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, gravitational radiation: stochastic, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Gravitational-wave astronomy, Bayesian, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitational wave background, Pulsar timing array, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, black hole, gravitational radiation: spectrum, cosmic string, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, spectrum: slope, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, pulsar, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Gravitational wave, gravitational radiation: background, Astronomy and Astrophysics, NANOGrav, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Cosmic string, Amplitude, black hole: binary, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), correlation, fractional, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], spectral, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: The NANOGrav Collaboration reported strong Bayesian evidence for a common-spectrum stochastic process in its 12.5-yr pulsar timing array dataset, with median characteristic strain amplitude at periods of a year of $A_{\rm yr} = 1.92^{+0.75}_{-0.55} \times 10^{-15}$. However, evidence for the quadrupolar Hellings \& Downs interpulsar correlations, which are characteristic of gravitational wave signals, was not yet significant. We emulate and extend the NANOGrav dataset, injecting a wide range of stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) signals that encompass a variety of amplitudes and spectral shapes, and quantify three key milestones: (I) Given the amplitude measured in the 12.5 yr analysis and assuming this signal is a GWB, we expect to accumulate robust evidence of an interpulsar-correlated GWB signal with 15--17 yrs of data, i.e., an additional 2--5 yrs from the 12.5 yr dataset; (II) At the initial detection, we expect a fractional uncertainty of $40\%$ on the power-law strain spectrum slope, which is sufficient to distinguish a GWB of supermassive black-hole binary origin from some models predicting more exotic origins;(III) Similarly, the measured GWB amplitude will have an uncertainty of $44\%$ upon initial detection, allowing us to arbitrate between some population models of supermassive black-hole binaries. In addition, power-law models are distinguishable from those having low-frequency spectral turnovers once 20~yrs of data are reached. Even though our study is based on the NANOGrav data, we also derive relations that allow for a generalization to other pulsar-timing array datasets. Most notably, by combining the data of individual arrays into the International Pulsar Timing Array, all of these milestones can be reached significantly earlier., 15 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2021

25. Erratum: Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 in the second Advanced LIGO observing run with an improved hidden Markov model [Phys. Rev. D 100, 122002 (2019)]

Author: S. J. Jadhav, Samuele Cortese, Charlie Hoy, V. Srivastava, M. Fays, Rebecca Fisher, J. Li, Chris A. Collins, T. Hinderer, A. Di Lieto, Rana X. Adhikari, Al Imran Malik, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Vasúth, Nikhil Sarin, Jonathan Cripe, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, K. R. Corley, F. Donovan, C. F. Da Silva Costa, V. Bossilkov, D. Lumaca, M. A. Okada, K. Mason, S. A. Bilgili, J. D. E. Creighton, Soichiro Morisaki, Jun Liu, E. C. Ferreira, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, D. B. Tanner, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, O. Halim, K. W. Tsang, W. Katzman, M. Yvert, R. M. S. Schofield, M. Nery, L. Naticchioni, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, M. Korobko, P. J. Veitch, W. A. Campbell, Ettore Majorana, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, J. Junker, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, S. Hochheim, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, P. Ehrens, Paul M. Ricker, H. Khan, T. Prestegard, G. Cho, H. Fong, G. Greco, M. Bitossi, G. Bergmann, P. A. Altin, Antonios Kontos, S. Walsh, J. G. Bartlett, Márton Tápai, P.H. Nguyen, Junwei Cao, Y. Boetzel, A. Samajdar, K. Wette, F. Thies, John J. Oh, E. A. M. Muniz, Riccardo Ciolfi, Peter T. H. Pang, B. W. Schulte, L. Xiao, F. Ricci, C. Affeldt, R. Goetz, D. C. Vander-Hyde, C. Adams, A. A. Ciobanu, B. Mours, Mandar Patil, Abhirup Ghosh, Liam Cunningham, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, Z. B. Etienne, Tristan Briant, P. Ruggi, P. Fulda, S. H. Huttner, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, Peter Aufmuth, Gregorio Carullo, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, T. Di Girolamo, S. W. Ballmer, D. M. Shoemaker, Hua Wang, L. Sun, S. R. P. Mohapatra, J. D. Lough, G. Giordano, K. Toland, D. J. Hofman, M. Punturo, Slawomir Gras, S. W. S. Ng, G. Moreno, S. Kumar, C. Buy, Callum Dale Booth, A. M. Sintes, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, S. E. Barclay, J. L. Willis, J. McIver, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, Ofek Birnholtz, S. Ghosh, László Á. Gergely, D. M. Wysocki, A. Macquet, B. Lantz, Daichi Tsuna, R. D. Kennedy, José A. Font, N. Singh, Eric Howell, S. Leavey, Chandra Kant Mishra, R. Bhandare, Piotr Jaranowski, K. Mogushi, N. Bode, D. George, Dániel Barta, R. K. Lanza, P. Dupej, Eric B. Flynn, B. Gateley, Aaron Buikema, R. W. L. Jones, C. C. Wipf, E. J. King, A. Strunk, N. Kijbunchoo, Sheelu Abraham, M. J. Cowart, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, L. K. Nuttall, S. T. Countryman, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, S. Biscoveanu, Antoni Ramos-Buades, V. V. Frolov, S. Mitra, Xiaohui Fan, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, A. D. Viets, D. Meacher, D. Tuyenbayev, Kevin Barkett, I. Dorrington, I. Di Palma, R. Kirchhoff, B. L. Pearlstone, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, H. Y. Chia, F. Magaña-Sandoval, A. Allocca, M. F. Carney, Ajay Kumar, Jörg Hennig, Charalampos Markakis, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, A. Grado, T. Sadecki, W. Ren, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, R. L. Ward, P. J. Sutton, Alyssa Garcia, J. H. Romie, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, K. H. Lai, S. G. Crowder, J. Feicht, Joey Shapiro Key, J. R. Sanders, M. Bawaj, M. M. Hanke, S. B. Anderson, M. R. Ganija, S. Ponrathnam, S. Karki, D. Verkindt, O. Puncken, M. B. Shaner, S. B. Coughlin, A. Neunzert, P.-F. Cohadon, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, F. Frasconi, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, M. Standke, M. Croquette, A. Effler, J. Jiang, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Zhihui Du, A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, K. E. Ramirez, S. Barnum, Ryan Lynch, D. C. Williams, Sung-Po Chao, R. De Rosa, Kwan-Lok Li, D. Passuello, I. Nardecchia, A. Cirone, Hiroyuki Ohta, Robert J. McCarthy, Tim Dietrich, Jennifer Watchi, Sergio Gaudio, C. J. Richardson, J. Healy, V. Kringel, A. M. Holgado, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, S. Macfoy, N. Mukund, L. R. Cominsky, R. Gustafson, Linqing Wen, R. Flaminio, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, B. Pang, Z. Tornasi, P. Kumar, S. Kandhasamy, M. Fishbach, B. Sorazu, A. Kutynia, Paul T. Baker, A. K. Lenon, S. Mastrogiovanni, M. Pedraza, F. Cavalier, M. Fitz-Axen, Marcus E. Lower, J. S. Kissel, Hartmut Grote, S. Doravari, A. Singhal, Alena Ananyeva, Odylio D. Aguiar, I. W. Martin, Andrea Chincarini, A. K. Zadrożny, T. Z. Summerscales, Leo Tsukada, E. Z. Hamilton, S. A. Usman, Roman Schnabel, J. E. Brau, V. Boschi, M. van Beuzekom, R. Tso, Jonathan Richardson, L. Mereni, G. Losurdo, R. Metzdorff, M. C. Milovich-Goff, J. L. Wright, Patrick M. Koch, S. Antier, S. Banagiri, Alessandra Corsi, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, H. S. Chen, S. Husa, S. Bose, J. Zweizig, V. Germain, J. Steinlechner, C. Cahillane, V. Gayathri, H. Fair, D. H. Shoemaker, P. Brockill, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, Hyun Lee, J. Calderón Bustillo, Edward K. Porter, C. Messenger, M. J. Yap, C. Palomba, S. Ascenzi, S. Privitera, M. S. Shahriar, Lee McCuller, T. Bulik, T. D. Abbott, G. Cagnoli, Devon S. Johnson, C. Horst, Alberto Vecchio, Geoffrey Mo, J. M. Fishner, M. Montani, H. J. Bulten, Geoffrey Lovelace, T. Mistry, G. Rutins, Graham Woan, M. H. Wimmer, M. Constancio, D. Rosińska, A. A. van Veggel, Richard Gray, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, Kiran Prasai, Alessandra Buonanno, C.-J. Haster, Gabrielle Allen, J.-M. Isac, F. Marion, N. Leroy, Nancy Aggarwal, Zahoor Ali Khan, M. Phelps, S. Babak, Alexander C. Jenkins, Xie Chen, A. Markowitz, S. Vitale, G. Dálya, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, F. Y. Khalili, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, F. J. Hayes, Jacob Scheuer, B. Bécsy, M. Kasprzack, Bala R. Iyer, S. S. Y. Chua, S. McCormick, C. Casentini, G. Wang, L. Matone, Vuk Mandic, Neil J. Cornish, M. J. Szczepańczyk, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, F-L. Lin, D. J. McManus, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, B. R. Hall, Héctor Estellés, N. Letendre, Alec Mishkin, R. Cavalieri, I. Dave, C. Talbot, E. J. Daw, Maurizio Canepa, Antonio Marquina, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, A. K. Mehta, E. K. Wessel, S. Farinon, P. Raffai, T. L. Lam, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, François Bondu, F. Badaracco, Daniel E. Holz, B. J. J. Slagmolen, B. Patricelli, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, N. Sennett, Patrick Godwin, K. L. Dooley, Marta Colleoni, J. A. Giaime, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, Joseph Smith, S. Brunett, D. Barker, A. Bisht, Maher Yazback, Y. K. Lecoeuche, G. M. Harry, K. Venkateswara, R. Cotesta, T. Etzel, J. B. Kanner, Robert Stone, Alessandro Nagar, J. C. Barayoga, A. Dmitriev, A. R. Williamson, Albrecht Rüdiger, Xing-Jiang Zhu, R. A. Eisenstein, Jishnu Suresh, Federico Ferrini, E. L. Merilh, N. Koper, Sebastian Steinlechner, A. Pasqualetti, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, B. L. Swinkels, L. Glover, Vivishek Sudhir, V. Tiwari, Yann Bouffanais, Lijing Shao, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, E. Schreiber, A. Basti, Ryan N. Lang, M. Rakhmanov, G. Pagano, G. D. Meadors, J. Eichholz, Li Ju, J.-P. Coulon, E. A. Chase, Z. Frei, Sofia Suvorova, T. Zelenova, D. H. Reitze, S. Caride, A. F. Brooks, P. J. Quinonez, J.-D. Fournier, Riccardo Bassiri, Magnus Manske, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, C. Lazzaro, Philip F. Hopkins, Leo Singer, Patricia Schmidt, V. Brisson, M. Obergaulinger, E. Maros, L. Trozzo, S. Katsanevas, I. Fiori, T. A. Ferreira, K. D. Giardina, J. K. Wofford, P. Leaci, P. Booker, K. W. Chung, S. Kaufer, Shawn Rosofsky, Haocun Yu, Archisman Ghosh, A. P. Lundgren, M. A. Page, Hongyu Shen, D. C. Coyne, K. Izumi, E. Cesarini, S. D. Linker, R. Robie, Mark A. Scheel, M. Fletcher, B. Hughey, Albert Lazzarini, S. G. Gaonkar, Jimin George, M. Sieniawska, K. Chakravarti, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Haixing Miao, Y. R. Chen, Samaya Nissanke, M. A. Bizouard, B. K. Berger, Ken K. Y. Ng, A. Hreibi, F. Clara, Alessandro Bertolini, Achamveedu Gopakumar, S. L. Danilishin, G. Bogaert, J. J. Bero, Manuela Rizzo, R. Taylor, Daniel A. Shaddock, Brittany Kamai, Rainer Weiss, G. Venugopalan, J. C. Driggers, D.B. DeBra, C. V. Kalaghatgi, J. Hanson, C. Whittle, Kyungmin Kim, B. O'Reilly, P. Gruning, K. Siellez, B. F. Schutz, N. V. Krishnendu, J. Derby, K. A. Thorne, M. Was, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, J. S. Lange, B. Irwin, M. C. Tringali, A. C. Green, Andrew Matas, J. Hanks, Fausto Acernese, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, A. Ain, C. Fee, R. J. Trudeau, J. Birch, S. Bae, E. Coccia, C. S. Unnikrishnan, B. U. Gadre, W. M. Farr, B. C. Pant, J.-G. Ducoin, M. Eisenmann, R. C. Walet, Fangchen Feng, S. E. Gossan, M. Boer, Shubhanshu Tiwari, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, B. A. Weaver, J. G. Rollins, Lindsay DeMarchi, L.-W. Wei, V. P. Mitrofanov, Lisa Barsotti, Anirban Dasgupta, L. Milano, W. Del Pozzo, Hang Yu, R. J. G. Jonker, H. Heitmann, M. A. Aloy, J. S. Areeda, K. A. Santiago, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, I. Belahcene, John Worden, A. S. Sengupta, H. W. Lee, P. Couvares, H. Vocca, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, G. Vedovato, L. E. H. Datrier, D. B. Kozak, C. Messick, Imre Bartos, D. Stocks, M. Mantovani, Francesco Pannarale, C. Vorvick, L. Sammut, David Blair, S. Koley, Jan Harms, David E. McClelland, Lionel London, B. Idzkowski, V. Loriette, V. Skliris, G. Kang, A. Pal-Singh, A. Rocchi, B. B. Lane, C. Cocchieri, M. Khursheed, N. V. Keerthana, M.L. Walker, B. Goncharov, R. Birney, M. Kinley-Hanlon, G. Koekoek, F. Brighenti, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Lormand, V. Quetschke, Martin M. Fejer, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, K. AultONeal, M. Hulko, G. D. O'Dea, E. Cuoco, Bruno Giacomazzo, V. Avendano, P. G. Murray, D. J. Stops, Fabien Kéfélian, J. S. H. Lee, T. Dal Canton, Felix Wellmann, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, X. Liu, R. Mittleman, S. D'Antonio, Binlei Ding, D. Pascucci, C. C. Yancey, Nelson Christensen, K. Bossie, C. Rajan, M. Agathos, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, A. Cumming, G. A. Prodi, S. M. Scott, L. van der Schaaf, S. A. Pai, E. Genin, J. Zhang, Jay D. Tasson, M. Landry, R. DeSalvo, L. Di Fiore, F. Baldaccini, L. F. Ortega, Felice Sorrentino, A. Chiummo, W. G. Anderson, J. H. Hough, P. W. F. Forsyth, S. R. Thondapu, J. R. Palamos, D. Moraru, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, F. Piergiovanni, G. Cella, F.L. Linde, N. Sanchis-Gual, N. Radulescu, N. A. Robertson, Giuseppe Intini, D. Moffa, Giacomo Ciani, K. Rao, J. J. McCann, B. P. Abbott, Michele Zanolin, D. W. Yeeles, D. Chatterjee, T. J. Slaven-Blair, S. ShyamSundar, C. Stachie, T. J. Massinger, T. Vo, E. K. Gustafson, V. Kalogera, C. De Rossi, C. Austin, J. Bosveld, M. Barsuglia, Y. Levin, R. J. E. Smith, Luca Gammaitoni, Sebastien Biscans, A. Trovato, M. Davier, Jordan Camp, F. Vetrano, S. Vass, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sylvain Marsat, Sheila Rowan, R. Coyne, Fabrice Matichard, G. D. Hammond, Javed Rana, S. E. Dwyer, R. M. Magee, David Keitel, L. Zhang, J. H. Klika, L. Rolland, Christopher P. L. Berry, K. S. Phukon, S. J. Cooper, A. Lartaux-Vollard, N. Man, Z. Márka, K. A. Strain, M. K. M. Bader, O. Chaibi, P. Thomas, M. Arène, M. Pürrer, M. Merzougui, Matthew Evans, T. D. Creighton, R. Inta, K. Haughian, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, E. Capocasa, M. Chan, A. Schönbeck, B. Rajbhandari, S. Fairhurst, J. Prasad, S. Frasca, S. Klimenko, Kai Staats, L. Conti, M. Chaturvedi, Carl Blair, M. Thomas, H. Vahlbruch, J. C. Mills, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, H. Middleton, D. Talukder, Rob Evans, I. W. Harry, Z. A. Warden, R. Gouaty, V. Raymond, M. Weinert, H. A. G. Gabbard, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, Steven Bloemen, N. A. Lockerbie, Michael Steinke, Arnold Miller, H. N. Isa, Carlos O. Lousto, S. Sitmukhambetov, C. North, Thomas Dent, P. Corban, P. Ajith, A. J.R. Weinstein, M. Muratore, M. C. Heintze, F. Carbognani, E. Katsavounidis, Xiuling Li, H. Radkins, A. Bozzi, M. Brinkmann, M. C. Díaz, D. Huet, David Coward, Mikhail L. Gorodetsky, R. Bonnand, Mariana Fazio, Olivier Minazzoli, M. Razzano, R. Colgan, F. Martelli, Karan Jani, R. Shink, Pradeep Kumar Sharma, L. Rei, Huang-Wei Pan, Gijs Nelemans, E. D. Hall, Turlough P. Downes, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, V. Sandberg, Karsten Danzmann, Koh Ueno, A. W. Jones, R. De Pietri, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, R. A. Mercer, S. Ossokine, Jinsook Kim, C. K. Cheong, S. Stevenson, F. Aubin, G. Stratta, Jesper Munch, D. Buskulic, M. De Laurentis, C-H. Lee, Andreas Freise, Paul D. Lasky, J. W. Westhouse, Matthew Pitkin, D. Cohen, M. Wade, M. Granata, Minchuan Zhou, K. S. Karvinen, S. Mukherjee, T. M. Evans, P. B. Covas, V. Kondrashov, Arunava Mukherjee, M. C. Edwards, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, Alexander Urban, B. D. Cheeseboro, G. Cerretani, P. J. Easter, Christian Pedersen, Y. Minenkov, P. Bacon, A. Viceré, T. Huynh-Dinh, M. Cabero, H. Cao, D. J. Vine, W. Z. Korth, J. C. Bayley, Marc Favata, L. E. Wade, V. J. Roma, H. Wittel, M. Deenadayalan, A. P. Spencer, D. D. Brown, F. Di Renzo, Torrey Cullen, Anthony A. Amato, N. van Bakel, G. Valdes, David Jones, Marco Cavaglia, K. Kawabe, S. G. Schwalbe, J. Z. Wang, R. G. Ormiston, S. M. Aston, Michael W. Coughlin, A. W. Heptonstall, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Peter R. Saulson, V. Sequino, I. Khan, R. Abbott, Terry G. McRae, L. G. Prokhorov, J. R. Gair, Samuel Deléglise, A. Fernandez-Galiana, A. L. Stuver, J. P. Zendri, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, F. Cipriano, Paul J. Groot, M. Zevin, S. Appert, Y. Setyawati, A. Giazotto, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, F. J. Raab, Rico K. L. Lo, P. Charlton, Kejia Lee, S. C. Tait, Yongjung Kim, Peter Weßels, I. A. Bilenko, L. Haegel, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, N. Arnaud, Vijay Varma, M. MacInnis, S. Caudill, Marco Romanelli, P. Rapagnani, David J. Ottaway, A. Paoli, W. Parker, P. Popolizio, E. J. Sanchez, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, W. S. Kim, Christophe Collette, Ho-Gyu Lee, C. J. Perez, B. D. O'Brien, C. Bradaschia, P. Oppermann, M. Di Giovanni, Ik Siong Heng, S. Márka, V. Mangano, A. L. Miller, P. Astone, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, O. de Varona, Keith Rose, Tenglin Li, D. Estevez, V. Fafone, D. Mukherjee, A. Grant, A. Pele, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, O. J. Piccinni, E. Bonilla, Irina Kowalska, M. Tonelli, Koya Arai, R. Quitzow-James, N. N. Janthalur, B. Sassolas, Fabrizio Barone, J. Betzwieser, E. Goetz, Tarun Souradeep, S. Penn, V. B. Adya, G. L. Mansell, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, A. Brillet, M. Vardaro, F. Robinet, Antoine Heidmann, António Alves da Silva, Q. Chu, D. Töyrä, H. Overmier, H. Qi, S. V. Angelova, L. Magaña Zertuche, Lili Yang, M. Branchesi, Zefeng Zhou, D. Y. T. Pong, E. Massera, Edward Seidel, O. E. S. Sauter, J. Woehler, S. Chung, N. Mazumder, A. Avila-Alvarez, K. Gill, Liam Dunn, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, M. Cho, N. A. Holland, G. Gaur, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, S. Di Pace, K. Haris, D. Sellers, N. Demos, I. Maksimovic, G. Hemming, J. Meidam, Jeff R. Powell, S. M. Koehlenbeck, Riccardo Sturani, D. Hoak, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, M. Haney, T. A. Callister, H. S. Cho, William Moran, H. K. Gulati, Rahul Kashyap, Alejandro Torres-Forné, J. Neilson, B. D. Lackey, P. Grassia, Z. Doctor, D. M. Wilken, O. A. Hannuksela, Andrea Taracchini, P. Puppo, S. J. Kapadia, E. A. Huerta, C. L. Romel, F. Garufi, Surendra Nadh Somala, Tyson Littenberg, D. Fiorucci, A. K. Prajapati, A. R. Wade, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, L. Aiello, M. Gosselin, R. Green, E. E. Cowan, B. F. Whiting, J. Casanueva Diaz, P. Schale, C. Van Den Broeck, E. Sowell, T. Zhang, Thibaut Jacqmin, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, M. Saleem, M. Oliver, Douglas Davis, Geraint Pratten, D. Bersanetti, G. Ashton, J. V. van Heijningen, Yu Wang, Francisco Hernandez Vivanco, Eric Thrane, C. Michel, T. D. Knowles, F. Ohme, F. Cleva, M. P. Ross, T. B. Edo, M. Pichot, Maximiliano Isi, E. M. Gretarsson, Ying Guo, D. Beniwal, Peter Fritschel, Wenxiao Wang, M. Masso-Reid, K. C. Cannon, S. Kwang, L. E. Sanchez, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, L. Salconi, C. A. Costa, Laura Cadonati, D. A. Steer, L. Kleybolte, Chad Hanna, A. Bramley, C. Kimball, J. Oberling, M. Pirello, J. Bidler, F. Nocera, C. Zhao, Milan Gupta, G. Mendell, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Aloy, M. A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Angelova, S. V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arene, M., Arnaud, N., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., Aultoneal, K., Austin, C., Avendano, V., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., Becsy, B., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A. S., Beniwal, D., Berger, B. K., Bergmann, G., Bernuzzi, S., Bero, J. J., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhandare, R., Bidler, J., Bilenko, I. A., Bilgili, S. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bode, N., Boer, M., Boetzel, Y., Bogaert, G., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Booth, C. D., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossie, K., Bossilkov, V., Bosveld, J., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Calderon Bustillo, J., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campbell, W. A., Canepa, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M. F., Carullo, G., Casanueva Diaz, J., Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglia, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerda-Duran, P., Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chakravarti, K., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. -P., Cheong, C. K., Chia, H. Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clearwater, P., Cleva, F., Cocchieri, C., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D., Colgan, R., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, C., Cominsky, L. R., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrion, I., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Covas, P. B., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dal Canton, T., Dalya, G., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dasgupta, A., Da Silva Costa, C. F., Datrier, L. E. H., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davis, D., Daw, E. J., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deleglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., Demos, N., Dent, T., De Pietri, R., Derby, J., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Varona, O., Dhurandhar, S., Diaz, M. C., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorrington, I., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducoin, J. -G., Dupej, P., Dwyer, S. E., Easter, P. J., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Essick, R. C., Estelles, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z. B., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Fee, C., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Feng, F., Fernandez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferreira, T. A., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fishner, J. M., Fitz-Axen, M., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Flynn, E., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Forsyth, P. W. F., Fournier, J. -D., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gaebel, S. M., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Ganija, M. R., Gaonkar, S. G., Garcia, A., Garcia-Quiros, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gaur, G., Gayathri, V., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, D., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giacomazzo, B., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Giordano, G., Glover, L., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Goncharov, B., Gonzalez, G., Gonzalez Castro, J. M., Gopakumar, A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grado, A., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, E. M., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guidi, G. M., Gulati, H. K., Guo, Y., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Haegel, L., Halim, O., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O. A., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Hernandez Vivanco, F., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hinderer, T., Hoak, D., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Holgado, A. M., Holland, N. A., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hopkins, P., Horst, C., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hreibi, A., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Hulko, M., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Ingram, C., Inta, R., Intini, G., Irwin, B., Isa, H. N., Isac, J. -M., Isi, M., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacqmin, T., Jadhav, S. J., Jani, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jenkins, A. C., Jiang, J., Johnson, D. S., Jones, A. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Junker, J., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Karki, S., Karvinen, K. S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kawabe, K., Keerthana, N. V., Kefelian, F., Keitel, D., Kennedy, R., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, H., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, K., Kim, W., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kleybolte, L., Klika, J. H., Klimenko, S., Knowles, T. D., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koekoek, G., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N., Krolak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwang, S., Lackey, B. D., Lai, K. H., Lam, T. L., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lanza, R. K., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lehmann, J., Lenon, A., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Li, J., Li, K. J. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Lin, F., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lo, R. K. L., Lockerbie, N. A., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lower, M. E., Luck, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macas, R., Macfoy, S., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macquet, A., Magana-Sandoval, F., Magana Zertuche, L., Magee, R. M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D. V., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcguire, S. C., Mciver, J., Mcmanus, D. J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meidam, J., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merilh, E. L., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Metzdorff, R., Meyers, P. M., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milovich-Goff, M. C., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Mo, G., Moffa, D., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morisaki, S., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muniz, E. A., Muratore, M., Murray, P. G., Nagar, A., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S., Nguyen, P., Nichols, D., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., North, C., Nuttall, L. K., Obergaulinger, M., Oberling, J., O'Brien, B. D., O'Dea, G. D., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, R. J., O'Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ortega, L. F., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H. -W., Pang, B., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patil, M., Patricelli, B., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedersen, C., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perez, C. J., Perreca, A., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M., Poggiani, R., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Powell, J., Prajapati, A. K., Prasad, J., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Prestegard, T., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L. G., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Purrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P. J., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Radkins, H., Radulescu, N., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K. E., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rao, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ren, W., Ricci, F., Richardson, C. J., Richardson, J. W., Ricker, P. M., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romie, J. H., Rose, K., Rosinska, D., Rosofsky, S. G., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rudiger, A., Ruggi, P., Rutins, G., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sakellariadou, M., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Santiago, K. A., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Saulson, P. R., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Schale, P., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schonbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwalbe, S. G., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seidel, E., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sennett, N., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaner, M. B., Shao, L., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shen, H., Shink, R., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Siellez, K., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Singer, L. P., Singh, N., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Sitmukhambetov, S., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Somala, S., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spencer, A. P., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Standke, M., Steer, D. A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stevenson, S. P., Stocks, D., Stone, R., Stops, D. J., Strain, K. A., Stratta, G., Strigin, S. E., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhir, V., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Tait, S. C., Talbot, C., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tapai, M., Taracchini, A., Tasson, J. D., Taylor, R., Thies, F., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Toland, K., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forne, A., Torrie, C. I., Toyra, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tringali, M. C., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R., Tsang, K. W., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tuyenbayev, D., Ueno, K., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Van Bakel, N., Van Beuzekom, M., Van Den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., Van Heijningen, J. V., Van Der Schaaf, L., Van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Varma, V., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Vicere, A., Viets, A. D., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walet, R., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Y. F., Ward, R. L., Warden, Z. A., Warner, J., Was, M., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessel, E. K., Wessels, P., Westhouse, J. W., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D. M., Williams, D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Worden, J., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, L., Yap, M. J., Yazback, M., Yeeles, D. W., Yu, H., Yuen, S. H. R., Yvert, M., Zadrozny, A. K., Zanolin, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Dunn, L. M., Suvorova, S., Evans, R. J., and Moran, W.
Subjects: Physics, data analysis method, erratum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Scorpius X-1, LIGO, gravitational radiation, gravitational radiation: direct detection, 01 natural sciences, gravitational radiation detector, Theoretical physics, cosmic rays, binary: spin, gravitational radiation: emission, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Experiments in gravity, X-ray: binary, Hidden Markov model, numerical calculations, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmology
Abstract: International audience; We present results from a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using a hidden Markov model (HMM) to track spin wandering. This search improves on previous HMM-based searches of LIGO data by using an improved frequency domain matched filter, the J-statistic, and by analyzing data from Advanced LIGO’s second observing run. In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 650 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. At 194.6 Hz, the most sensitive search frequency, we report an upper limit on gravitational wave strain (at 95% confidence) of h095%=3.47×10-25 when marginalizing over source inclination angle. This is the most sensitive search for Scorpius X-1, to date, that is specifically designed to be robust in the presence of spin wandering.
Published: 2021

26. Multimessenger gravitational-wave searches with pulsar timing arrays: Application to 3C 66B using the NANOGrav 11-year data set

Author: Maria Charisi, Ryan S. Lynch, Daniel R. Stinebring, David J. Nice, Timothy Dolch, Justin A. Ellis, Paul Demorest, Weiwei Zhu, Dustin R. Madison, Jing Luo, Peter A. Gentile, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Maura McLaughlin, K. Islo, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Scott M. Ransom, Rodney D. Elliott, Nihan Pol, Stephen Taylor, Ingrid H. Stairs, H. Thankful Cromartie, Fronefield Crawford, Michael T. Lam, Timothy T. Pennucci, Joseph Simon, Michele Vallisneri, James M. Cordes, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Andrew R. Kaiser, Shami Chatterjee, Kevin Stovall, Joseph K. Swiggum, David L. Kaplan, Cherry Ng, Ross J. Jennings, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Paul R. Brook, Xavier Siemens, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Joey Shapiro Key, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Adam Brazier, Megan E. DeCesar, Caitlin A. Witt, Emmanuel Fonseca, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Paul T. Baker, Neil J. Cornish, Bence Bécsy, Kathryn Crowter, Megan L. Jones, Paul S. Ray, Renée Spiewak, Deborah C. Good, Zaven Arzoumanian, Lina Levin, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Robert D. Ferdman, and Sarah J. Vigeland
Subjects: Physics, Supermassive black hole, Active galactic nucleus, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Binary number, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Orbital period, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Pulsar timing array, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: When galaxies merge, the supermassive black holes in their centers may form binaries and emit low-frequency gravitational radiation in the process. In this paper, we consider the galaxy 3C 66B, which was used as the target of the first multimessenger search for gravitational waves. Due to the observed periodicities present in the photometric and astrometric data of the source, it has been theorized to contain a supermassive black hole binary. Its apparent 1.05-year orbital period would place the gravitational-wave emission directly in the pulsar timing band. Since the first pulsar timing array study of 3C 66B, revised models of the source have been published, and timing array sensitivities and techniques have improved dramatically. With these advances, we further constrain the chirp mass of the potential supermassive black hole binary in 3C 66B to less than (1.65 ± 0.02) × 109 M ⊙ using data from the NANOGrav 11-year data set. This upper limit provides a factor of 1.6 improvement over previous limits and a factor of 4.3 over the first search done. Nevertheless, the most recent orbital model for the source is still consistent with our limit from pulsar timing array data. In addition, we are able to quantify the improvement made by the inclusion of source properties gleaned from electromagnetic data over “blind” pulsar timing array searches. With these methods, it is apparent that it is not necessary to obtain exact a priori knowledge of the period of a binary to gain meaningful astrophysical inferences.
Published: 2020

27. NANOGrav 11 yr Data Set: Evolution of Gravitational-wave Background Statistics

Author: Lina Levin, Scott M. Ransom, J. E. Turner, Jing Luo, D. R. Stinebring, I. H. Stairs, D. R. Lorimer, Peter A. Gentile, E. C. Ferrara, Joseph K. Swiggum, Paul Demorest, Deborah C. Good, A. M. Holgado, Adam Brazier, D. R. Madison, Robert D. Ferdman, R. van Haasteren, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, J. M. Cordes, H. T. Cromartie, K. Islo, M. E. DeCesar, Fronefield Crawford, Nihan Pol, M. L. Jones, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Kevin Stovall, Timothy Dolch, N. Garver-Daniels, Andrea N. Lommen, Kathryn Crowter, Caitlin A. Witt, Andrew R. Kaiser, Paul S. Ray, E. A. Huerta, Sourav Chatterjee, Paul T. Baker, Cherry Ng, G. Jones, Xavier Siemens, David L. Kaplan, Neil J. Cornish, Ross J. Jennings, Joseph Simon, Michael T. Lam, Stephen Taylor, Joey Shapiro Key, Emmanuel Fonseca, Zaven Arzoumanian, Maura McLaughlin, Michele Vallisneri, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, T. J. W. Lazio, R. S. Lynch, Sarah J. Vigeland, Sean T. McWilliams, David J. Nice, Timothy T. Pennucci, R. Spiewak, Wenbai Zhu, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, and J. A. Ellis
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Spectral index, Supermassive black hole, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitational wave background, Pulsar, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Colors of noise, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Statistics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Noise (radio)
Abstract: An ensemble of inspiraling supermassive black hole binaries should produce a stochastic background of very low frequency gravitational waves. This stochastic background is predicted to be a power law, with a spectral index of -2/3, and it should be detectable by a network of precisely timed millisecond pulsars, widely distributed on the sky. This paper reports a new "time slicing" analysis of the 11-year data release from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) using 34 millisecond pulsars. Methods to flag potential "false positive" signatures are developed, including techniques to identify responsible pulsars. Mitigation strategies are then presented. We demonstrate how an incorrect noise model can lead to spurious signals, and show how independently modeling noise across 30 Fourier components, spanning NANOGrav's frequency range, effectively diagnoses and absorbs the excess power in gravitational-wave searches. This results in a nominal, and expected, progression of our gravitational-wave statistics. Additionally we show that the first interstellar medium event in PSR J1713+0747 pollutes the common red noise process with low-spectral index noise, and use a tailored noise model to remove these effects., 14 pages, 13 figures, fixed typo in abstract of earlier version
Published: 2020

28. The NANOGrav 12.5-year Data Set: Wideband Timing of 47 Millisecond Pulsars

Author: Cherry Ng, Yhamil Garcia, Xavier Siemens, Jing Luo, Robert D. Ferdman, Timothy Dolch, Jordan A. Gusdorff, Paul Demorest, Joseph Simon, Duncan R. Lorimer, Joshua Ramette, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Keeisi Caballero, Emmanuel Fonseca, Justin A. Ellis, Megan E. Decesar, Fronefield Crawford, Scott M. Ransom, David J. Nice, Maura McLaughlin, Shami Chatterjee, Ryan S. Lynch, Megan L. Jones, Kevin Stovall, Cody Jessup, Paul S. Ray, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, D. R. Madison, Joey Shapiro Key, Daniel Halmrast, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Daniel R. Stinebring, Caitlin A. Witt, Andrew R. Kaiser, Timothy T. Pennucci, Peter A. Gentile, Renée Spiewak, Faisal Alam, Michael T. Lam, Rachel L. Chamberlain, Michael Tripepi, Paul T. Baker, Harsha Blumer, David L. Kaplan, Ross J. Jennings, Benjamin M. X. Nguyen, Deborah C. Good, Stephen Taylor, Zaven Arzoumanian, James M. Cordes, Richard Camuccio, Neil J. Cornish, Keith E. Bohler, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, K. Islo, Paul R. Brook, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, H. Thankful Cromartie, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Michele Vallisneri, Nihan Pol, William Fiore, Weiwei Zhu, Joseph K. Swiggum, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Kaleb Maraccini, Adam Brazier, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Sarah J. Vigeland, and Ingrid H. Stairs
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Data set, Pulsar timing array, Narrowband, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Wideband, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: We present a new analysis of the profile data from the 47 millisecond pulsars comprising the 12.5-year data set of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav), which is presented in a parallel paper (Alam et al. 2021a; NG12.5). Our reprocessing is performed using "wideband" timing methods, which use frequency-dependent template profiles, simultaneous time-of-arrival (TOA) and dispersion measure (DM) measurements from broadband observations, and novel analysis techniques. In particular, the wideband DM measurements are used to constrain the DM portion of the timing model. We compare the ensemble timing results to NG12.5 by examining the timing residuals, timing models, and noise model components. There is a remarkable level of agreement across all metrics considered. Our best-timed pulsars produce encouragingly similar results to those from NG12.5. In certain cases, such as high-DM pulsars with profile broadening, or sources that are weak and scintillating, wideband timing techniques prove to be beneficial, leading to more precise timing model parameters by 10-15%. The high-precision, multi-band measurements of several pulsars indicate frequency-dependent DMs. Compared to the narrowband analysis in NG12.5, the TOA volume is reduced by a factor of 33, which may ultimately facilitate computational speed-ups for complex pulsar timing array analyses. This first wideband pulsar timing data set is a stepping stone, and its consistent results with NG12.5 assure us that such data sets are appropriate for gravitational wave analyses., Comment: 62 pages, 55 figures, 5 tables, 3 appendices. Data available at http://nanograv.org/data/ and via DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4312887
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Observations and Narrowband Timing of 47 Millisecond Pulsars

Author: Benjamin M. X. Nguyen, Yhamil Garcia, Jordan A. Gusdorff, Paul R. Brook, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Rachel L. Chamberlain, Paul Demorest, Scott M. Ransom, Fronefield Crawford, Timothy Dolch, Stephen Taylor, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Joshua Ramette, Shami Chatterjee, Kevin Stovall, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Robert D. Ferdman, Nathan Garver-Daniels, William Fiore, Peter A. Gentile, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Harsha Blumer, Cody Jessup, Kaleb Maraccini, Caitlin A. Witt, Joseph K. Swiggum, David L. Kaplan, Daniel Halmrast, Paul S. Ray, H. Thankful Cromartie, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, James M. Cordes, D. R. Madison, Cherry Ng, Daniel R. Stinebring, Sarah J. Vigeland, Joseph Simon, Renée Spiewak, Deborah C. Good, Xavier Siemens, Faisal Alam, Keith E. Bohler, Michael T. Lam, Ryan S. Lynch, Ingrid H. Stairs, Megan E. Decesar, Justin A. Ellis, Emmanuel Fonseca, Maura McLaughlin, Keeisi Caballero, Weiwei Zhu, Joey Shapiro Key, David J. Nice, Timothy T. Pennucci, Duncan R. Lorimer, Paul T. Baker, Richard Camuccio, Neil J. Cornish, Ross J. Jennings, Jing Luo, Andrew R. Kaiser, Megan L. Jones, K. Islo, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Nihan Pol, Michael Tripepi, Adam Brazier, Zaven Arzoumanian, and Michele Vallisneri
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrometry, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Shapiro delay, Binary pulsar, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Arecibo Observatory, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Radio astronomy
Abstract: We present time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements and timing models of 47 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) observed from 2004 to 2017 at the Arecibo Observatory and the Green Bank Telescope by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav). The observing cadence was three to four weeks for most pulsars over most of this time span, with weekly observations of six sources. These data were collected for use in low-frequency gravitational wave searches and for other astrophysical purposes. We detail our observational methods and present a set of TOA measurements, based on "narrowband" analysis, in which many TOAs are calculated within narrow radio-frequency bands for data collected simultaneously across a wide bandwidth. A separate set of "wideband" TOAs will be presented in a companion paper. We detail a number of methodological changes compared to our previous work which yield a cleaner and more uniformly processed data set. Our timing models include several new astrometric and binary pulsar measurements, including previously unpublished values for the parallaxes of PSRs J1832-0836 and J2322+2057, the secular derivatives of the projected semi-major orbital axes of PSRs J0613-0200 and J2229+2643, and the first detection of the Shapiro delay in PSR J2145-0750. We report detectable levels of red noise in the time series for 14 pulsars. As a check on timing model reliability, we investigate the stability of astrometric parameters across data sets of different lengths. We report flux density measurements for all pulsars observed. Searches for stochastic and continuous gravitational waves using these data will be subjects of forthcoming publications., Comment: 54 pages, 52 figures, 7 tables, 1 appendix. Data are available at http://nanograv.org/data/ and via the DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4312297
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Large High-precision X-Ray Timing of Three Millisecond Pulsars with $NICER$: Stability Estimates and Comparison with Radio

Author: Samuel R. Price, R. Spiewak, Paul Demorest, Sarah J. Vigeland, Slavko Bogdanov, W. W. Zhu, Timothy Dolch, Michael T. Lam, Julia S. Deneva, Peter A. Gentile, Cherry Ng, Zaven Arzoumanian, Harsha Blumer, D. R. Lorimer, N. Garver-Daniels, Maura McLaughlin, K. S. Wood, Matthew Kerr, J. Doty, Paul S. Ray, Scott M. Ransom, C. B. Markwardt, C. Malacaria, Joseph K. Swiggum, J. A. Ellis, Ingrid H. Stairs, M. L. Jones, Sebastien Guillot, Emmanuel Fonseca, Andrea N. Lommen, Paul R. Brook, Alice K. Harding, Kevin Stovall, Kevin Black, L. Guillemot, Robert D. Ferdman, David J. Nice, Timothy T. Pennucci, Luke M. Winternitz, Ismaël Cognard, M. T. Wolff, E. C. Ferrara, Ryan S. Lynch, H. T. Cromartie, M. E. DeCesar, Paul T. Baker, Natalia Lewandowska, Keith Gendreau, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Stability (probability), stars: neutron, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, pulsars: general, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer, Sigma, Order (ring theory), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Interstellar medium, pulsars: individual, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Noise (radio)
Abstract: The Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) is an X-ray astrophysics payload on the International Space Station. It enables unprecedented high-precision timing of millisecond pulsars without the pulse broadening and delays due to dispersion and scattering within the interstellar medium that plague radio timing. We present initial timing results from a year of data on the millisecond pulsars PSR B1937+21 and PSR J0218+4232, and nine months of data on PSR B1821-24. NICER time-of-arrival uncertainties for the three pulsars are consistent with theoretical lower bounds and simulations based on their pulse shape templates and average source and background photon count rates. To estimate timing stability, we use the $\sigma_z$ measure, which is based on the average of the cubic coefficients of polynomial fits to subsets of timing residuals. So far we are achieving timing stabilities $\sigma_z \approx 3 \times 10^{-14}$ for PSR B1937+21 and on the order of $10^{-12}$ for PSRs B1821$-$24 and J0218+4232. Within the span of our \textit{NICER} data we do not yet see the characteristic break point in the slope of $\sigma_z$; detection of such a break would indicate that further improvement in the cumulative root-mean-square (RMS) timing residual is limited by timing noise. We see this break point in our comparison radio data sets for PSR B1821-24 and PSR B1937+21 on time scales of $> 2$ years., Comment: 30 pages, 15 figures; accepted to ApJ
Published: 2019

31. The Pulsar Signal Simulator: A Python package for simulating radio signal data from pulsars

Author: Maura McLaughlin, Paul R. Brook, Michael T. Lam, Cassidy M. Wagner, Amelia M. Henkel, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Jacob Hesse, N. Garver-Daniels, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, and Paul T. Baker
Subjects: Physics, Pulsar, Gravitational wave, Radio signal, Astronomy, Python (programming language), computer, Signal, computer.programming_language
Published: 2021

32. The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background

Author: Harsha Blumer, D. R. Madison, Ryan S. Lynch, Paul Demorest, Deborah C. Good, Paul R. Brook, Megan L. Jones, Renée Spiewak, Paul T. Baker, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Luke Zoltan Kelley, A. Miguel Holgado, Scott M. Ransom, Caitlin A. Witt, Neil J. Cornish, Nima Laal, Joseph Simon, Timothy T. Pennucci, Michele Vallisneri, Jing Luo, Siyuan Chen, Fronefield Crawford, Zaven Arzoumanian, Ross J. Jennings, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Joey Shapiro Key, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Shami Chatterjee, Cherry Ng, Adam Brazier, Jerry P. Sun, Kevin Stovall, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Sarah J. Vigeland, Xavier Siemens, James M. Cordes, William Fiore, Timothy Dolch, Joseph K. Swiggum, Peter A. Gentile, H. Thankful Cromartie, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Jacob E. Turner, Paul S. Ray, B. Bécsy, David J. Nice, David L. Kaplan, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Ingrid H. Stairs, K. Islo, Nihan Pol, Duncan R. Lorimer, Justin A. Ellis, Maura McLaughlin, Andrew R. Kaiser, Michael T. Lam, Megan E. DeCesar, Emmanuel Fonseca, Stephen Taylor, Daniel R. Stinebring, Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), NANOGrav, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)
Subjects: noise, gravitational radiation: stochastic, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, General relativity, Population, Astrophysics, Bayesian, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitational wave background, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, general relativity, black hole, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, pulsar, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, education.field_of_study, Gravitational wave, gravitational radiation: background, Astronomy and Astrophysics, solar system, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, observatory, Black hole, Amplitude, black hole: binary, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, correlation, slope, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], spectral, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) in the $12.5$-year pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves. Our analysis finds strong evidence of a stochastic process, modeled as a power-law, with common amplitude and spectral slope across pulsars. The Bayesian posterior of the amplitude for an $f^{-2/3}$ power-law spectrum, expressed as the characteristic GW strain, has median $1.92 \times 10^{-15}$ and $5\%$--$95\%$ quantiles of $1.37$--$2.67 \times 10^{-15}$ at a reference frequency of $f_\mathrm{yr} = 1 ~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. The Bayes factor in favor of the common-spectrum process versus independent red-noise processes in each pulsar exceeds $10,000$. However, we find no statistically significant evidence that this process has quadrupolar spatial correlations, which we would consider necessary to claim a GWB detection consistent with general relativity. We find that the process has neither monopolar nor dipolar correlations, which may arise from, for example, reference clock or solar system ephemeris systematics, respectively. The amplitude posterior has significant support above previously reported upper limits; we explain this in terms of the Bayesian priors assumed for intrinsic pulsar red noise. We examine potential implications for the supermassive black hole binary population under the hypothesis that the signal is indeed astrophysical in nature., Comment: 25 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables, 3 appendices. Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. Please send any comments/questions to Joseph Simon (joe.simon@nanograv.org). Jupyter notebook tutorials and some MCMC chain files are available at https://github.com/nanograv/12p5yr_stochastic_analysis
Published: 2020

33. Lita F. Osmunden

Author: Thelma S, Baker and Paul T, Baker
Published: 2017

34. Multivariate classification with random forests for gravitational wave searches of black hole binary coalescence

Author: Collin D. Capano, Sarah Caudill, D. Talukder, K. A. Hodge, Paul T. Baker, and Neil J. Cornish
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, Mass ratio, Parameter space, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Black hole, Binary black hole, Intermediate-mass black hole, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Searches for gravitational waves produced by coalescing black hole binaries with total masses $\gtrsim25\,$M$_\odot$ use matched filtering with templates of short duration. Non-Gaussian noise bursts in gravitational wave detector data can mimic short signals and limit the sensitivity of these searches. Previous searches have relied on empirically designed statistics incorporating signal-to-noise ratio and signal-based vetoes to separate gravitational wave candidates from noise candidates. We report on sensitivity improvements achieved using a multivariate candidate ranking statistic derived from a supervised machine learning algorithm. We apply the random forest of bagged decision trees technique to two separate searches in the high mass $\left( \gtrsim25\,\mathrm{M}_\odot \right)$ parameter space. For a search which is sensitive to gravitational waves from the inspiral, merger, and ringdown (IMR) of binary black holes with total mass between $25\,$M$_\odot$ and $100\,$M$_\odot$, we find sensitive volume improvements as high as $70_{\pm 13}-109_{\pm 11}$\% when compared to the previously used ranking statistic. For a ringdown-only search which is sensitive to gravitational waves from the resultant perturbed intermediate mass black hole with mass roughly between $10\,$M$_\odot$ and $600\,$M$_\odot$, we find sensitive volume improvements as high as $61_{\pm 4}-241_{\pm 12}$\% when compared to the previously used ranking statistic. We also report how sensitivity improvements can differ depending on mass regime, mass ratio, and available data quality information. Finally, we describe the techniques used to tune and train the random forest classifier that can be generalized to its use in other searches for gravitational waves.
Published: 2015

35. Catalytically Induced Electrokinetics for Motors and Micropumps

Author: Thomas E. Mallouk, Yang Wang, Paul T. Baker, Walter F. Paxton, Ayusman Sen, and Timothy R. Kline
Subjects: Chemistry, Inorganic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Electrochemistry, Biochemistry, Catalysis, Surface tension, Electrokinetic phenomena, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Equipment and Supplies, Chemical physics, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Electric field, Current (fluid), Platinum, Current density
Abstract: We have explored the role of electrokinetics in the spontaneous motion of platinum-gold nanorods suspended in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solutions that may arise from the bimetallic electrochemical decomposition of H2O2. The electrochemical decomposition pathway was confirmed by measuring the steady-state short-circuit current between platinum and gold interdigitated microelectrodes (IMEs) in the presence of H2O2. The resulting ion flux from platinum to gold implies an electric field in the surrounding solution that can be estimated from Ohm's Law. This catalytically generated electric field could in principle bring about electrokinetic effects that scale with the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation. Accordingly, we observed a linear relationship between bimetallic rod speed and the resistivity of the bulk solution. Previous observations relating a decrease in speed to an increase in ethanol concentration can be explained in terms of a decrease in current density caused by the presence of ethanol. Furthermore, we found that the catalytically generated electric field in the solution near a Pt/Au IME in the presence of H2O2 is capable of inducing electroosmotic fluid flow that can be switched on and off externally. We demonstrate that the velocity of the fluid flow in the plane of the IME is a function of the electric field, whether catalytically generated or applied from an external current source. Our findings indicate that the motion of PtAu nanorods in H2O2 is primarily due to a catalytically induced electrokinetic phenomenon and that other mechanisms, such as those related to interfacial tension gradients, play at best a minor role.
Published: 2006

36. Implementation of an F-statistic all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves in Virgo VSR1 data

Author: A. Cumming, F. Paoletti, R. De Rosa, I. Nardecchia, P. Ruggi, M. Jacobson, A. Mullavey, E. Genin, P. G. Murray, Ron Burman, Fabien Kéfélian, J. H. Hough, G. Mendell, V. Malvezzi, Douglas R. Cook, Michele Zanolin, Albert Lazzarini, T. J. Massinger, T. Vo, V. Kalogera, Charlotte Bond, G. D. Hammond, D. B. Kelley, S. H. Huttner, Zhihui Du, S. S. Eikenberry, Carlos Cepeda, Rosa Poggiani, S. Farinon, P. Raffai, Robert J. McCarthy, G. Endrőczi, M. Pickenpack, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, E. Saracco, C. Tomlinson, Linqing Wen, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Marco Aurelio Diaz, D. Meacher, M. J. Hart, Sanichiro Yoshida, L. Blackburn, Sasha Buchman, N. Letendre, C. J. Bell, A. M. Gretarsson, F. Garufi, F. Cleva, B. Behnke, Timothy MacDonald, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, H. R. Paris, G. M. Harry, A. Le Roux, Karel E. Urbanek, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, J. Prasad, V. Raymond, Steven Bloemen, N. A. Lockerbie, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, Thomas Dent, G. P. Newton, Vladimir Dergachev, James Whelan, P. Ajith, A. J.R. Weinstein, M. Cordier, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, M. Fyffe, Christophe Collette, Ho-Gyu Lee, K. Venkateswara, Sunil Susmithan, J. K. Blackburn, D. Lodhia, Neil Gehrels, R. Lynch, E. Rhoades, L. Rolland, K. Mason, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Roland Schilling, C. Bradaschia, Liliya L. R. Williams, A. K. Zadrożny, V. Boschi, Gabriela Gonzalez, I. W. Harry, M. A. Bizouard, K. Kokeyama, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, J. Birch, D. J. Hosken, E. Coccia, Robert Stone, P. Oppermann, R. M. Martin, Namjun Kim, P. Thomas, Erik Katsavounidis, Kasem Mossavi, M. J. Lubinski, Graham Woan, Stuart Reid, G. Rajalakshmi, G. McIntyre, T. Accadia, Tyson Littenberg, Badri Krishnan, H. Kaufer, Jacob Slutsky, Fabrizio Barone, M. Mohan, N. Man, H. J. Jang, K. Haughian, B. M. Levine, D. Rosińska, C. Osthelder, Leo Singer, J. C. Barayoga, Richard J. Abbott, A. Di Virgilio, A. R. Williamson, G. Manca, S. T. Countryman, V. Necula, R. Paoletti, I. Santiago-Prieto, V. V. Frolov, A. R. Wade, Jacob Scheuer, M. Rakhmanov, Bernard F. Schutz, D. Moraru, N. A. Robertson, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, B. A. Weaver, J. G. Rollins, L.-W. Wei, Chonghoon Kim, N. Morgado, A. Di Lieto, Tristan Briant, Rana X. Adhikari, K. Williams, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sheila Rowan, M. Thomas, Todd Adams, Nam-Gyu Kim, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Vasúth, Li Ju, Michele Vallisneri, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, S. Márka, V. Mangano, S. P. Tarabrin, Xavier Siemens, P. I. P. Kalmus, Albrecht Rüdiger, Xing-Jiang Zhu, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Daniel A. Shaddock, B. Machenschalk, Axel Donath, F. Donovan, A. F. Brooks, D. S. Rabeling, B. F. Whiting, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, K. E. Gushwa, Jeffery Kline, J. D. Lough, L. Pinard, J. Hanson, P. Astone, Samuel Deléglise, John Worden, P. Couvares, D. Talukder, C. V. Torres, S. Verma, A. Mytidis, Joseph Gleason, M. Constancio, Duncan A. Brown, Andrew Ivanov, D. Simakov, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Ludovico Carbone, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, C. Van Den Broeck, O. Bock, Benno Willke, A. P. Lundgren, V. Re, A. Kumar, M. Weinert, X. F. Wang, A. M. Sintes, H. Fehrmann, Michael E Zucker, Lee Samuel Finn, R. Gouaty, F. Vetrano, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, Philipp Moesta, Jan Harms, F. Brückner, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, S. Biscans, D. Hammer, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, Riccardo Bassiri, C. M. Reed, Benjamin Canuel, Katrin Dahl, Chandra Kant Mishra, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, L. Bonelli, C. S. Unnikrishnan, F. Magaña-Sandoval, A. Allocca, S. E. Dwyer, David Keitel, Karoline Wiesner, Christian Gräf, Liam Cunningham, E. Maros, W. M. Farr, A. C. Lin, David Murphy, S. Grunewald, P. J. Sutton, R. S. Ottens, J. H. Romie, C. Belczynski, W. Z. Korth, M. A. Barton, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, Evan Ochsner, Máté Nagy, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, M. N. K. Smith, James P. MacArthur, John Miller, T. Prestegard, Imre Bartos, Piotr Jaranowski, Alessandra Buonanno, A. L. Lombardi, R. Douglas, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, V. Loriette, E. Cuoco, C.-J. Haster, Benjamin William Allen, A. Effler, Cornelia Mueller, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, Paul J. Groot, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, C. Palomba, S. Privitera, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, Martin M. Fejer, Rocco Romano, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, Markus A. Wimmer, M. Colombini, A. Libson, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, L. Naticchioni, Suvadeep Bose, R. Essick, P. Puppo, D. H. Reitze, L. R. Cominsky, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, Z. Márka, B. Lantz, Philip Graff, R. Gustafson, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Salvatore Vitale, H. J. Bulten, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, E. A. Huerta, M. Landry, L. Di Fiore, Sascha Husa, A. M. Sergeev, M. S. Shahriar, David H. Shoemaker, J. Steinlechner, John Veitch, E. Cesarini, John D. Scott, Tobias Eberle, M. Punturo, J. D. E. Creighton, S. D'Antonio, J. Bauchrowitz, N. Mangini, S. Babak, F. Y. Khalili, F. Frasconi, Bala R. Iyer, D. L. Kinzel, R. Goetz, C. Bogan, Tarun Souradeep, Meng Wang, B. Mours, D. Buskulic, M. Barsuglia, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, M. T. Hartman, V. Kringel, G. Valdes, David Jones, C. Lawrie, Howard Pan, C. R. Ramet, R. Flaminio, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, A. S. Sengupta, R. M. S. Schofield, G. Mueller, F. Marion, W. D. Vousden, Scott Koranda, M. Tonelli, Larry R. Price, Jonathan F. Stebbins, C. Affeldt, L. Matone, S. Doravari, Igor Neri, Xie Chen, Marco Cavaglia, T. T. Fricke, M. Was, S. G. Gaonkar, R. W. L. Jones, J.-P. Coulon, R. Chakraborty, Denis Martynov, E. J. King, G. M. Keiser, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, Benjamin J. Owen, G. Bogaert, A. Chiummo, Y. Levin, H. Vocca, J. R. Leong, J. B. Kanner, I. W. Martin, R. A. Mercer, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, Innocenzo M. Pinto, L. Zhang, Matthew West, R. T. DeRosa, J. S. Kissel, Virginio Sannibale, Tomasz Bulik, M. MacInnis, S. Caudill, M. Meinders, C. Vorvick, David E. McClelland, M. Shaltev, François Bondu, R. Taylor, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, M. J. Cowart, P. Rapagnani, B. E. Aylott, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Kremin, Theodore A. Evans, J. Zweizig, Maik Frede, J. F. J. van den Brand, M. Tacca, Martin Hendry, Lisa Barsotti, D. Passuello, A. Khalaidovski, M. E. N. Normandin, M. Rodruck, C. C. Yancey, B. Moe, R. J. E. Smith, Odylio D. Aguiar, Marilyne Andersen, M. Leonardi, T. P. Bodiya, Roman Schnabel, K. Siellez, C. Buy, T. D. Abbott, P. Kwee, J. McIver, Federico Ferrini, W. G. Anderson, C. C. Arceneaux, G. Cella, J. E. Brau, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, G. Vajente, Hyun Lee, Giacomo Ciani, A. A. van Veggel, L. Martinelli, Alessandra Toncelli, R. J. G. Jonker, Luca Gammaitoni, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, A. Rocchi, S. Mitra, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, Sebastian Steinlechner, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, László Gondán, J. Calderón Bustillo, S. Vass, R. Vincent-Finley, R. Coyne, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Peter Wessels, Kieran Craig, L. Wallace, J. Poeld, A. Królak, A. K. Poteomkin, R. Frey, Kyungmin Kim, Fabrice Matichard, K. A. Thorne, W. Kells, Alexander Urban, Fausto Acernese, E. Oelker, Vuk Mandic, P. Leaci, A. Colla, Martin Hewitson, S. E. Zuraw, Kevin Michael Loew, M. M. Hanke, M. Phelps, Junwei Cao, B. Shapiro, E. James, Rainer Weiss, F. Ricci, R. W. P. Drever, A. Viceré, J. Karlen, T. Huynh-Dinh, C. Gray, L. G. Prokhorov, M. Mantovani, S. B. Anderson, B. O'Reilly, G. Quiroga, S. Frasca, Th. S. Bauer, D. Nolting, Erik Luijten, C. Messenger, D. Barker, A. G. Wiseman, Y. Ji, C. Maglione, T. Dayanga, M. P. Thirugnanasambandam, M. Pietka, W. W. Johnson, N. A. Gordon, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, M. Neri, P. J. Veitch, Kip S. Thorne, Y. R. Chen, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, M. Agathos, J. C. Driggers, S. R. Morriss, J. A. Giaime, Mark J. Edwards, D. C. Coyne, K. Grover, A. Castiglia, F. Jiménez-Forteza, S. Stevenson, Marc Favata, L. E. Wade, P. Kumar, R. Quitzow-James, Alberto Vecchio, Stephen Fairhurst, Yi Pan, P. Fulda, Shaun Hooper, K. Izumi, M. C. Araya, N. Leroy, C. Lazzaro, V. Brisson, A. L. Stuver, B. C. Stephens, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, David Blair, Jordan Camp, T. P. Downes, G. Mazzolo, D. D. Brown, Nancy Aggarwal, T. B. Edo, M. Pichot, J. L. Willis, M. Kasprzack, G. Debreczeni, B. Sassolas, V. P. Mitrofanov, J. P. Zendri, H. Dereli, L. Milano, W. Del Pozzo, Trevor Sidery, H. Heitmann, D. Feldbaum, M. Pedraza, Zishuo Yang, Stefaan Franco, F. Clara, Peter Aufmuth, Eric Howell, E. Schreiber, Jiayi Qin, A. Giazotto, S. Leavey, Joshua Yablon, C. Wilkinson, Maria Alessandra Papa, S. S. Premachandra, A. Masserot, F. Cavalier, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, C. Aulbert, R. Cavalieri, B. Hughey, G. Kang, L. K. Nuttall, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, M. R. Abernathy, P. Charlton, O. Dorosh, Michael W. Coughlin, Collin Capano, L. Sperandio, T. Denker, G. Billingsley, Peter Fritschel, M. Born, K. Mailand, M. Mageswaran, J. S. Areeda, Andreas Freise, Vincenzo Pierro, Paul D. Lasky, L. Bosi, Matthew Pitkin, A. Singer, Yongjung Kim, S. E. Gossan, S. Ghosh, J. N. Marx, K. C. Cannon, R. Mittleman, A. Basti, Nelson Christensen, M. Wade, A. Staley, M. Granata, I. A. Bilenko, S. Mukherjee, David J. Ottaway, Shiuh Chao, Gleb Romanov, D. Schuette, J. Eichholz, M. G. Beker, Matthew Evans, T. Isogai, Alessandra Corsi, Qi Fang, V. Lockett, R. Inta, S. Klimenko, Z. Frei, E. J. Daw, S. Gras, D. Ugolini, M. Lormand, D. J. Stops, M. Prijatelj, J. S. H. Lee, T. Dal Canton, R. Passaquieti, M. Huynh, Paolo Addesso, K. D. Giardina, G. A. Prodi, C. Gill, C. Celerier, R. DeSalvo, V. Sequino, S. Caride, O. V. Palashov, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, J.-D. Fournier, M. Davier, Jesper Munch, A. Conte, Philip F. Hopkins, P. J. King, Elizabeth Harstad, S. G. Crowder, H. S. Cho, I. Fiori, J. Aasi, Jade Powell, J. R. Sanders, A. P. M. ter Braack, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, K. E. Ramirez, Michael L. Gorodetsky, T. Westphal, C. A. Costa, Yi-Ming Hu, Paul T. Baker, Sweta Shah, J. Logue, M. Factourovich, J. Betzwieser, Antoine Heidmann, Laura Cadonati, Hartmut Grote, Farhan Feroz, H. Overmier, N. Mazumder, G. Losurdo, M. Blom, D. Sellers, Susan M. Scott, J. Meidam, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, A. Corpuz, D. Verkindt, Riccardo Sturani, S. Dossa, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, K. Haris, Kevin M. McLin, Chad Hanna, D. Hoak, D. Sentenac, Shane L. Larson, Ilya Mandel, E. Macdonald, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, G. Cagnoli, Patrick Brady, J. O'Dell, R. L. Ward, G. Hemming, Neil J. Cornish, D. Amariutei, S. M. Koehlenbeck, Richard A. Matzner, Q. Chu, K. M. Borkowski, F. Nocera, A. Nitz, D. J. White, C. Zhao, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, N. Straniero, D. R. Ingram, M. Branchesi, J. C. Batch, K. A. Hodge, V. Litvine, S. Chung, E. Goetz, M. Damjanic, D. Bersanetti, S. Penn, J. V. van Heijningen, F. Martelli, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, John S. Lewis, Eric Thrane, C. Michel, A. Brillet, R. Day, F. Ohme, F. Robinet, Gijs Nelemans, K. Holt, V. Sandberg, Karsten Danzmann, F. Salemi, Heinz-Bernd Eggenstein, M. C. Heintze, F. Carbognani, E. O. Lebigot, I. Di Palma, C. Padilla, Fan Zhang, H. Radkins, O. Puncken, S. P. Vyachanin, D. Nanda Kumar, M. Brinkmann, S. B. Coughlin, Ruth A. Anderson, David Coward, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, R. Bonnand, P.-F. Cohadon, M. Heurs, J-Y. Vinet, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, A. Kutynia, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, W. Katzman, M. Yvert, Ettore Majorana, M. Walker, P. Ehrens, M. Bitossi, G. Bergmann, K. Wette, John J. Oh, C. Adams, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, S. Milde, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, Jong H. Chow, A. Pasqualetti, Thomas N. Williams, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, M. Barbet, B. L. Swinkels, Timothy A Welborn, V. Tiwari, A. Ain, Grant David Meadors, M. Boer, Roy Williams, Tenglin Li, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, V. Fafone, A. Grant, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, B. C. Barish, V. Kondrashov, A. Alemic, Y. Minenkov, H. Wittel, J. R. Gair, L. Austin, Rajeev Singh, F. J. Raab, Huan Yang, Koji Arai, Archana Pai, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur ( OCA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ESPCI ParisTech, Aasi, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T., Abernathy, M. R., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Alemic, A., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amariutei, D., Andersen, M., Anderson, R., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C., Areeda, J., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Austin, L., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P. T., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barbet, M., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, Th S., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M. G., Belczynski, C., Bell, A. S., Bell, C., Bergmann, G., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biscans, S., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bloemen, S., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Borkowski, K., Boschi, V., Sukanta, Bose, Bosi, L., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Br?ckner, F., Buchman, S., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burman, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Bustillo, J. Calder?n., Calloni, Enrico, Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannon, K. C., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Carbone, L., Caride, S., Castiglia, A., Caudill, S., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Celerier, C., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Chow, J., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. F., Colla, A., Collette, C., Colombini, M., Cominsky, L., Conte, A., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corpuz, A., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S., Coulon, J. P., Countryman, S., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Dal Canton, T., Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. L., D?antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del?glise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., DE ROSA, Rosario, Derosa, R. T., Desalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., D?az, M., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Donath, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorosh, O., Dossa, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edo, T., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Endr?czi, G., Essick, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Feldbaum, D., Feroz, F., Ferrante, I., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fournier, J. D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gair, J., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S., Garufi, Fabio, Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, C., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., Gonz?lez, G., Gordon, N., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S., Go?ler, S., Gouaty, R., Gr?f, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C., Gushwa, K., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanke, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hart, M., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. J., Haughian, K., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hooper, S., Hopkins, P., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y., Huerta, E., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh, M., Huynh Dinh, T., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., James, E., Jang, H., Jaranowski, P., Ji, Y., Jim?nez Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Haris, K, Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Karlen, J., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kawabe, K., Kawazoe, F., K?f?lian, F., Keiser, G. M., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, N. G., Kim, Y. M., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Koehlenbeck, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kremin, A., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Kr?lak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Larson, S., Lasky, P. D., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebigot, E. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, J., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. R., Le Roux, A., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Levine, B., Lewis, J., T. G. F., Li, Libbrecht, K., Libson, A., Lin, A. C., Littenberg, T. B., Litvine, V., Lockerbie, N. A., Lockett, V., Lodhia, D., Loew, K., Logue, J., Lombardi, A. L., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Lubinski, M. J., L?ck, H., Luijten, E., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E. P., Macdonald, T., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Magana Sandoval, F., Mageswaran, M., Maglione, C., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Manca, G. M., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mangini, N., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., M?rka, S., M?rka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinelli, L., Martynov, D., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mcguire, S. C., Mcintyre, G., Mciver, J., Mclin, K., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meidam, J., Meinders, M., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyers, P., Miao, H., Michel, C., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Milde, S., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mingarelli, C. M. F., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Moesta, P., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morriss, S. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nagy, M. F., Nanda Kumar, D., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Necula, V., Nelemans, G., Neri, I., Neri, M., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Ochsner, E., O?dell, J., Oelker, E., J. J., Oh, S. H., Oh, Ohme, F., Oppermann, P., O?reilly, B., O?shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Padilla, C., Pai, A., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Paoletti, R., Papa, M. A., Paris, H., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Pedraza, M., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Poeld, J., Poggiani, R., Poteomkin, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Premachandra, S., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Qin, J., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E., Quiroga, G., Quitzow James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., R?cz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajalakshmi, G., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C., Ramirez, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Read, J., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Rhoades, E., Ricci, F., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rodruck, M., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosi?ska, D., Rowan, S., R?diger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Sannibale, V., Santiago Prieto, I., Saracco, E., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Scheuer, J., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D., Shah, S., Shahriar, M. S., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sidery, T. L., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Singh, R., Sintes, A. M., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M., Smith, R. J. E., Smith Lefebvre, N. D., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Souradeep, T., Sperandio, L., Staley, A., Stebbins, J., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stephens, B. C., Steplewski, S., Stevenson, S., Stone, R., Stops, D., Strain, K. A., Straniero, N., Strigin, S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, R., ter Braack, A. P. M., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Tomlinson, C., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tse, M., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Vallisneri, M., vanden Brand, J. F. J., VanDen Broeck, C., vander Putten, S., vander Sluys, M. V., van Heijningen, J., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vas?th, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Verma, S. S., Vetrano, F., Vicer?, A., Vincent Finley, R., Vinet, J. Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vousden, W. D., Vyachanin, S. P., Wade, A., Wade, L., Wade, M., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Wang, M., Wang, X., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. J., Whiting, B. F., Wiesner, K., Wilkinson, C., Williams, K., Williams, L., Williams, R., Williams, T., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, H., Yang, Z., Yoshida, S., Yvert, M., Zadro?ny, A., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. P., Fan, Zhang, Zhang, L., Zhao, C., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zuraw, S., Zweizig, J., Pinto, Innocenzo, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astronomy, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, Gravitational radiation detectors, gravitational wave, QC, Pacs number: 04.80.Nn Gravitational wave detectors and experiments, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, mass spectrometers, and other instrumentation and techniques, Pacs number: 95.55.Ym Gravitational radiation detectors, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Detector, Statistics, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Amplitude, gravitational waves, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Pacs number: 95.55.Ym Gravitational radiation detectors, mass spectrometers, and other instrumentation and techniques, Pacs number: 97.60.Jd Neutron stars, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gravitational waves, Pulsars, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Algorithms and implementation, gravitational radiation detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fast Fourier transform, Data analysis, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], algorithms and implementation [data analysis], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Sensitivity (control systems), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Gravitational wave, [ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], data analysis: algorithms and implementation, pulsars, Neutron star, RADIATION, [ SDU.ASTR.HE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Dimensionless quantity
Abstract: We present an implementation of the $\mathcal{F}$-statistic to carry out the first search in data from the Virgo laser interferometric gravitational wave detector for periodic gravitational waves from a priori unknown, isolated rotating neutron stars. We searched a frequency $f_0$ range from 100 Hz to 1 kHz and the frequency dependent spindown $f_1$ range from $-1.6\,(f_0/100\,{\rm Hz}) \times 10^{-9}\,$ Hz/s to zero. A large part of this frequency - spindown space was unexplored by any of the all-sky searches published so far. Our method consisted of a coherent search over two-day periods using the $\mathcal{F}$-statistic, followed by a search for coincidences among the candidates from the two-day segments. We have introduced a number of novel techniques and algorithms that allow the use of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm in the coherent part of the search resulting in a fifty-fold speed-up in computation of the $\mathcal{F}$-statistic with respect to the algorithm used in the other pipelines. No significant gravitational wave signal was found. The sensitivity of the search was estimated by injecting signals into the data. In the most sensitive parts of the detector band more than 90% of signals would have been detected with dimensionless gravitational-wave amplitude greater than $5 \times 10^{-24}$., 27 pages, 10 figures, submitted to CQG, corrected affiliations and autors list; Science summary of results available at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-VSR1CWAllSkyFstat/index.php
Published: 2014

37. Bergmann's rule and the thrifty genotype

Author: Paul T. Baker and James R. Bindon
Subjects: High rate, Adult male, Biology, medicine.disease, Body weight, Obesity, Phys anthropol, Bergmann's rule, Anthropology, Genotype, Hum, medicine, Anatomy, Demography
Abstract: One of Roberts' key contributions was his work demonstrat- ing the applicability of several ecological rules to human populations (Roberts (1953) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 11:533-558; (1978) Climate and Human Variability, 2nd ed., Menlo Park, CA: Cummings). His finding that average body weight systematically covaries with mean annual temperature was widely taken as confirmation of Bergmann's rule for humans. More recently his findings on weight and temperature have been extended and confirmed (Ruff (1994) Yrbk. Phys. Anthropol. 37:65-407; Katzmarzyk and Leonard (1995) Hum Biol Council Program Abstracts 132) although the strength of the association may be decreasing when considering more recent surveys (Katz- marzyk and Leonard (1995)). Roberts noted in 1953 that Oceanic populations may be somewhat of an exception to Bergmann's rule, and we propose that Neel's ((1962) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 14:353-362) thrifty genotype model may account for some of the deviation from predicted weights among these populations. We provide an updated version of the thrifty genotype model, suggesting that selection for energetic efficiency may have occurred for some Oceanic populations during the voyaging to and settlement of their island homes. Under conditions of modernization the thrifty genotype may be manifesting as high rates of obesity and NIDDM among Polynesians and Micronesians. First, using measurements of adult male weight from 19 Oceanic populations, we demonstrate the extreme nature of their deviation from predicted weight based on Roberts' regression of weight on mean annual temperature. Next, we regress the deviations from predicted weight on NIDDM prevalence for these 19 populations, producing a highly significant regression (R 2 5 0.46; P , 0.001), consistent with expectations if the thrifty genotype is responsible for the high weights. Am J Phys Anthropol 104:201-210, 1997. r 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 1997

38. The Raymond Pearl memorial lecture, 1996: The eternal triangle—genes, phenotype, and environment

Author: Paul T. Baker
Subjects: Research design, Modernization theory, Causality, Phenotype, language.human_language, Focus (linguistics), Anthropology, Genetics, language, Hum, Samoan, Natural (music), Sociology, Anatomy, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: Attempts to understand the causes for phenotypical differences in the biology and behavior of human populations have tended to focus alternatively on genetic, cultural, and natural environmental variables. The relative narrowness of focus in these studies often impedes the development of research design appropriate to the hypothesis and the process of reaching reasonable conclusions. Past research on native high-altitude populations is used first to illustrate the deficiencies of research based on single variables and errors which can occur in conclusions about causal factors when potential genetic contributions are excluded. Analyses of blood pressure data from Samoan modernization studies are used to illustrate the complexity of determining causality in the development of a pathological condition. The need for better qualified cross-cultural measures is emphasized. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 9:93-101 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 1997

39. Improved Coincident and Coherent Detection Statistics for Searches for Gravitational Wave Ringdown Signals

Author: Paul T. Baker, Suvadeep Bose, D. Talukder, and Sarah Caudill
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Noise (signal processing), Gravitational wave, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, Signal, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Black hole, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, Statistics, Waveform, Coherence (signal processing), 010306 general physics
Abstract: We study an improved method for detecting gravitational wave (GW) signals from perturbed black holes by earth-based detectors in the quest for searching for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). Such signals, called ringdowns, are damped sinusoids whose frequency and damping constant can be used to measure a black hole's mass and spin. Utilizing the output from a matched filter analysis pipeline, we present an improved statistic for the detection of a ringdown signal that is found to be coincident in multiple detectors. The statistic addresses the non-Gaussianity of the data without the use of an additional signal-based waveform consistency test. We also develop coherent network statistics to check for consistency of signal amplitudes and phases in the different detectors with their different orientations and signal arrival times. We find that the detection efficiency can be improved at least by a few tens of percent by applying these multi-detector statistics primarily because of the ineffectiveness of single-detector based discriminators of non-stationary noise, such as the chi-square test, in the case of ringdown signals studied here.
Published: 2013

40. Érratum: Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown (vol 83, 122005, 2011)

Author: A. Singer, S. Ghosh, J. N. Marx, R. L. Ward, P. G. Murray, J. Cain, P. J. Sutton, N. Letendre, J. Dueck, C. Aulbert, R. Cavalieri, Benjamin Canuel, J. H. Hough, Evan Ochsner, C. Pankow, J.-F. Hayau, J. H. Romie, M. Parisi, A. Davis, J. H. Clayton, F. Antonucci, Lutz Winkelmann, E. Tournefier, M. Pareja, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, Yoichi Aso, J.-P. Coulon, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, Z. Frei, S. Caride, B. Bouhou, J.-D. Fournier, John Veitch, C. Titsler, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, N. Liguori, M. Landry, R. Gustafson, E. Goetz, I. Fiori, M. Abernathy, L. Di Fiore, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, Douglas R. Cook, B. Shapiro, M. MacInnis, J. Kullman, J. Heefner, L. Rolland, S. Penn, R. Engel, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, M. Flanigan, Michele Zanolin, S. Caudill, P. Rapagnani, Julien Moreau, A. G. Wiseman, M. Mohan, N. Man, P. Wei, V. Dattilo, M. Barsuglia, S. E. Strigin, S. Bose, Hyun Kyung Kim, V. Kalogera, T. Etzel, G. D. Hammond, F. Frasconi, V. Re, K. Haughian, Stefan Hild, L. Bonelli, D. Passuello, D. C. Coyne, Laura Cadonati, Bastian Schulz, A. Di Lieto, C. Messenger, F. Marion, N. Leroy, R. Flaminio, J. S. Kissel, G. Debreczeni, M. A. Barton, D.B. DeBra, D. Talukder, A. Brillet, Yasushi Mino, S. Barnum, T. Westphal, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, M. Vasúth, C. Bradaschia, Michele Vallisneri, Ik Siong Heng, L. Zhang, C. T. Y. Chung, Claude Boccara, Fabio Postiglione, P. Kwee, K. A. Thorne, I. W. Harry, R. Gouaty, A. Morgia, M. Born, K. Mailand, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, S. Wen, Mirko Prato, F. Robinet, J. Zweizig, Sebastian Steinlechner, M. Aronsson, F. Travasso, Paul T. Baker, B. Moe, I. W. Martin, S. Husa, Chad Hanna, David Jones, J. Colas, T. Morioka, Imre Bartos, R. L. Savage, S. Steplewski, S. Márka, R. Dannenberg, S. P. Tarabrin, Gregory Ely, Ewan S. Douglas, N. Beveridge, M. Blom, D. B. Tanner, Fausto Acernese, G. McIntyre, Marco Cavaglia, Hartmut Grote, G. Losurdo, J. Breyer, M. A. Arain, Thomas Nash, Walter Winkler, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, F. Paoletti, S. Sakata, P. Ruggi, Miquel Trias, A. Mullavey, Harald Lück, A. Cumming, E. Genin, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, M. Mantovani, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, M. Britzger, R. Abbott, Eiichi Hirose, G. Cagnoli, Colin Robinson, Neil J. Cornish, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, V. Predoi, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, Kentaro Somiya, A. Effler, S. C. McGuire, M. Galimberti, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, D. J. A. McKechan, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, T. Isogai, F. Y. Khalili, P. J. Veitch, P. Astone, V. Kondrashov, Benno Willke, Piotr Jaranowski, Jordan Camp, Andreas Freise, Matthew Pitkin, D. Moraru, S. J. Waldman, Richard J. K. Taylor, N. A. Robertson, R. Bork, P. Thomas, P. E. Lindquist, J. Luan, Ilya Mandel, Katrin Dahl, R. Wooley, H. Yamamoto, A. M. Sergeev, M. C. Araya, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, V. Brisson, F. Nocera, D. J. White, Y. Minenkov, E. E. Doomes, L. Merill, L. M. Goggin, M. Granata, T. Hayler, M. J. Lubinski, A. Belletoile, M. Pietka, R. W. L. Jones, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, J. Franc, C. C. Wipf, M. Bastarrika, D. H. Reitze, Matthew Lang, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, E. Cesarini, C. Zhao, D. Yeaton-Massey, L. Sancho De La Jordana, S. M. Scott, S. Mukherjee, Alessandra Buonanno, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Mendell, T. T. Fricke, Richard A. Matzner, A. L. Stuver, Jordi Burguet-Castell, P. Fulda, E. Chalkley, Kenneth A. Strain, S. Saraf, R. S. Ottens, M. Was, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Igor Neri, A. M. Gretarsson, H. Fehrmann, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, B. Vaishnav, Rana X. Adhikari, James Taylor, C. Torres, S. Mitra, Gareth Jones, D. Feldbaum, M. G. Beker, T. Meier, A. Giazotto, Karel E. Urbanek, L. A. Forte, Vladimir B. Braginsky, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, F. J. Raab, J. Y. Vinet, B. Swinkels, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, B. O'Reilly, L. Turner, B. Behnke, G. M. Harry, G. McIvor, John K. Cannizzo, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, P. Charlton, Peter Hall, K. A. Hodge, M. C. Edwards, B. Machenschalk, F. Donovan, H. Vocca, S. Babak, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, D. O. Bridges, J. Li, B. Mours, Benjamin William Allen, N. Fotopoulos, M. Colombini, J. K. Blackburn, A. Dietz, C. Vorvick, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, R. Amin, I. Gholami, M. Weinert, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, Robert Stone, A. Di Virgilio, I. A. Bilenko, E. Forsi, Soumya D. Mohanty, R. Riesen, Albrecht Rüdiger, M. Punturo, David J. Ottaway, Slawomir Gras, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, S. Braccini, Theodore A. Evans, K. Mors, Maik Frede, Gabriela Gonzalez, J. M. Hallam, S. Vass, L. Sperandio, P. Lu, O. Burmeister, E. Chassande-Mottin, V. Kringel, B. J. J. Slagmolen, D. R. Ingram, A. D. Lundgren, Phil Willems, G. D. Meadors, A. Viceré, V. Raymond, Sheila Rowan, T. Huynh-Dinh, F. Vetrano, A. Khalaidovski, Roland Schilling, Eric Howell, L. Pinard, P. Puppo, J. B. Kanner, Tenglin Li, Roman Schnabel, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, P. Schwinberg, Riccardo Bassiri, A. A. van Veggel, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, D. Barker, F. C. Speirits, W. G. Anderson, V. Fafone, E. Maros, G. Cella, Tomasz Bulik, L. Palladino, G. Vajente, D. Rosińska, C. Osthelder, C. Greverie, A. E. Villar, François Bondu, R. De Rosa, A. Grant, Robert J. Budzyński, Marco Aurelio Diaz, N. Morgado, S. Roddy, M. Sakosky, Huan Lin, K. Das, K. Mason, M. Yvert, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, A. F. Brooks, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, A. Stroeer, Chad Forrest, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Pablo Barriga, P. Leaci, A. Colla, V. V. Frolov, V. Moscatelli, D. Nolting, J. C. Driggers, Andrew Ivanov, O. Bock, Matthew Evans, Fabrice Matichard, T. Reed, W. Kells, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Lucía Santamaría, A. M. Sintes, Lee Samuel Finn, M. Mageswaran, Joseph D. Romano, Gianluca Persichetti, L. Bosi, T. D. Creighton, D. Fazi, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, I. Yakushin, Jenny Nelson, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, T. Krause, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, R. Inta, Sanichiro Yoshida, C. Veltkamp, Shuichi Sato, L. Milano, Duncan A. Brown, V. Loriette, S. Klimenko, H. Heitmann, Boris Hage, N. A. Lockerbie, B. Rankins, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, C. Palomba, S. Privitera, Z. Márka, F. Garufi, C. Wilkinson, Graham Woan, E. Amador Ceron, R. M. Martin, D. Lodhia, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, S. D'Antonio, Sunil Susmithan, Ettore Majorana, S. Grunewald, Eric Thrane, T. Accadia, Y. Pan, B. Bland, Amanda J. Page, M. Rakhmanov, D. H. Shoemaker, Andrew Melatos, D. Pathak, Luca Gammaitoni, M. S. Meyer, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, Badri Krishnan, Jacob Slutsky, Liliya L. R. Williams, V. Boschi, Xavier Siemens, P. I. P. Kalmus, Li Ju, O. Chaibi, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, M. Del Prete, S. Frasca, Rainer Weiss, C. N. Colacino, Daniel A. Shaddock, F. Ricci, R. W. P. Drever, D. Hoyland, B. F. Whiting, S. Dorsher, Stephen Fairhurst, C. Van Den Broeck, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, P. Ehrens, W. W. Johnson, Mark A. Satterthwaite, P. M. Patel, Kasem Mossavi, J. Hanson, J. E. Brau, Zhenyu Zhang, L. Pekowsky, C. Michel, R. Day, C. Peralta, P. Yu, David Blair, Guido Mueller, Alberto Vecchio, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, D. Ugolini, E. Campagna, G. P. Szokoly, M. Lormand, Lisa Barsotti, J. Abadie, A. J. Stein, M. Prijatelj, Yi Chen, R. Passaquieti, Alessandra Toncelli, B. Lantz, R. G. Oldenburg, R. T. DeRosa, T. P. Bodiya, C. Buy, J. D. E. Creighton, G. A. Prodi, Alexander Wanner, B. Daudert, R. DeSalvo, L. Prokhorov, Rahul Biswas, P. Devanka, John Worden, N. D. Smith, J. S. Miller, R. M. S. Schofield, Peter Wessels, Simona Mosca, F. Piergiovanni, Benjamin J. Owen, Jan Harms, J. F. J. van den Brand, M. Tacca, M. Davier, John R. Smith, Thomas Dent, K. Hayama, Vladimir Dergachev, K. V. Tokmakov, M. Vavoulidis, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, Silvio Pardi, Martin Hewitson, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, Np Zotov, Paul Roberts, S. Meshkov, Junwei Cao, M. Bitossi, F. Cleva, T. Radke, P. Ajith, A. J.R. Weinstein, C. M. Reed, M. Pichot, K. Wette, Peter Fritschel, B. Hughey, K. C. Cannon, S. Foley, A. C. Searle, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, Damon A. Clark, C. A. Costa, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, C. Adams, M. R. Smith, A. S. Sengupta, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, Edward L. Robinson, A. Rocchi, Rosa Poggiani, Seiji Kawamura, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, C. Mak, P. Campsie, S. S. Y. Chua, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, Roberto Conte, Scott Koranda, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, G. Moreno, D. Friedrich, L. Matone, P. Raffai, Ronny Nawrodt, D. S. Rabeling, Antonio Lucianetti, S. B. Anderson, Ruslan Vaulin, A. Sibley, M. Pickenpack, T. Ballinger, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, M. Sung, G. Pagliaroli, M. Pedraza, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Maria Alessandra Papa, Gavin Davies, F. Cavalier, Collin Capano, J. Bauchrowitz, I. Leonor, I. Di Palma, Michael Boyle, M. Tonelli, Larry R. Price, Alessandra Corsi, O. Puncken, Drew Keppel, E. J. Daw, Yaohui Fan, K. D. Giardina, C. Gill, B. Sassolas, G. R. Skelton, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, A. Thüring, A. C. Melissinos, Andrea Chincarini, Fabrizio Barone, T. Z. Summerscales, A. Pasqualetti, J. Garofoli, J. Betzwieser, D. Hammer, H. Overmier, G. Santostasi, F. Seifert, Liam Cunningham, D. Sellers, S. Birindelli, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Simon Chelkowski, Riccardo Sturani, J. R. Leong, D. Hoak, R. Grosso, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, G. S. Allen, M. E. Gáspár, J. C. Dumas, Albert Lazzarini, M. A. Bizouard, B. F. Schutz, J. Birch, D. J. Hosken, E. Coccia, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, J. G. Rollins, Leo C. Stein, Kris Ryan, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, A. M. Cruise, Vuk Mandic, Th. S. Bauer, J. A. Giaime, D. F. Menéndez, F. Martelli, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, V. Sandberg, Karsten Danzmann, F. Salemi, K. Flasch, F. Carbognani, M. Di Paolo Emilio, E. Katsavounidis, H. Radkins, S. P. Vyachanin, M. Brinkmann, D. Huet, David Coward, Mikhail L. Gorodetsky, Christian Röver, R. Bonnand, M. Benacquista, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, R. M. Culter, Jesper Munch, D. Buskulic, M. A. Frei, Peter Aufmuth, Abadie, J., Abbott, B., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., Amador Ceron, E., Amin, R., Anderson, S., Anderson, W., Antonucci, F., Arain, M., Araya, M., Aronsson, M., Aso, Y., Aston, S., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballinger, T., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, T. h., Behnke, B., Beker, M., Belletoile, A., Benacquista, M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P., Bilenko, I., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birindelli, S., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M., Black, E., Blackburn, J., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Boccara, C., Bock, O., Bodiya, T., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Boyle, M., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P., Braginsky, V., Brau, J., Breyer, J., Bridges, D., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A., Brown, D., Budzyński, R., Bulik, T., Bulten, H., Buonanno, A., Burguet–castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cain, J., Calloni, Enrico, Camp, J., Campagna, E., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S., Chung, C., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Colacino, C., Colas, J., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C., Coulon, J. P., Coward, D., Coyne, D., Creighton, J., Creighton, T., Cruise, A., Culter, R., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S., Dannenberg, R., D’Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Das, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Davier, M., Davies, G., Davis, A., Daw, E., Day, R., Dayanga, T., DE ROSA, Rosario, Debra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., del Prete, M., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., Derosa, R., Desalvo, R., Devanka, P., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Paolo Emilio, M., Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K., Doomes, E., Dorsher, S., Douglas, E., Drago, M., Drever, R., Driggers, J., Dueck, J., Dumas, J. C., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Ely, G., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L., Fiori, I., Flaminio, R., Flanigan, M., Flasch, K., Foley, S., Forrest, C., Forsi, E., Forte, L., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. D., Franc, J., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garofoli, J., Garufi, Fabio, Gáspár, M., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gholami, I., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K., Giazotto, A., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L., González, G., Gorodetsky, M., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R., Gretarsson, A., Greverie, C., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G., Gustafson, E., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hall, P., Hallam, J., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G., Harry, I., Harstad, E., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. F., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Heng, I., Heptonstall, A., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hirose, E., Hoak, D., Hodge, K., Holt, K., Hosken, D., Hough, J., Howell, E., Hoyland, D., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S., Huynh–dinh, T., Ingram, D., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Jaranowski, P., Johnson, W., Jones, D., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J., Katsavounidis, E., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F., Khazanov, E., Kim, H., King, P., Kinzel, D., Kissel, J., Klimenko, S., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Krause, T., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kullman, J., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Leong, J., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Li, J., Li, T., Liguori, N., Lin, H., Lindquist, P., Lockerbie, N., Lodhia, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lu, P., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lucianetti, A., Lück, H., Lundgren, A., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Mak, C., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I., Martin, R., Marx, J., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R., Mavalvala, N., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D., Mcguire, S., Mcintyre, G., Mcivor, G., Mckechan, D., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A., Mendell, G., Menéndez, D., Mercer, R., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, Leopoldo, Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mino, Y., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S., Mohapatra, S., Moraru, D., Moreau, J., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Morioka, T., Mors, K., Mosca, S., Moscatelli, V., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow–lowry, C., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Neri, I., Newton, G., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Ochsner, E., O’Dell, J., Ogin, G., Oldenburg, R., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ottaway, D., Ottens, R., Overmier, H., Owen, B., Page, A., Pagliaroli, G., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M., Pardi, S., Pareja, M., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H., Plissi, M., Poggiani, R., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Price, L., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F., Rabeling, D., Rácz, I., Radke, T., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J., Romano, R., Romie, J., Rosińska, D., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sancho de la Jordana, L., Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R., Schulz, B., Schutz, B., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S., Searle, A., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Sintes, A., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B., Slutsky, J., Smith, J., Smith, M., Smith, N., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Speirits, F., Sperandio, L., Stein, A., Stein, L., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A., Summerscales, T., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P., Swinkels, B., Szokoly, G., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D., Tarabrin, S., Taylor, J., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vaishnav, B., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., van den Brand, J., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Putten, S., van der Sluys, M., van Veggel, A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Villar, A., Vinet, J. Y., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S., Waldman, S., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R., Was, M., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J., Whitcomb, S., White, D., Whiting, B., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C., Wiseman, A., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yeaton Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Yvert, M., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M., and Zweizig, J.
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Detection of gravitational waves, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Cosmology, Gravitation, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Neutron star, Binary black hole, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Abstract: Original Article: J. Abadie et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration), Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown, Phys. Rev. D 83, 122005 (2011).
Published: 2012

41. Publisher's Note: Search for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence in LIGO and Virgo data from S5 and VSR1 (vol 82, 102001, 2010)

Author: R. Engel, P. Wei, V. Dattilo, Stefan Hild, Jenny Nelson, M. Pietka, N. Letendre, J. Dueck, A. Brillet, Yasushi Mino, F. Garufi, C. Aulbert, R. Cavalieri, Mirko Prato, F. Robinet, Sunil Susmithan, D. Hammer, G. Santostasi, F. Seifert, Liam Cunningham, S. R. P. Mohapatra, B. Behnke, G. McIvor, Tenglin Li, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, V. Fafone, A. L. Stuver, Jordi Burguet-Castell, E. Chalkley, N. D. Smith, James Taylor, L. Pinard, J. B. Kanner, E. Tournefier, N. Beveridge, M. Blom, Walter Winkler, D. Barker, T. Accadia, Badri Krishnan, J. R. Leong, C. Greverie, A. E. Villar, Robert Stone, A. Grant, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, A. Stroeer, S. Grunewald, A. Giazotto, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, V. V. Frolov, V. Moscatelli, T. Krause, Duncan A. Brown, David H. Shoemaker, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, R. Amin, P. G. Murray, J. H. Hough, B. Bouhou, G. Vajente, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Mendell, J.-P. Coulon, Z. Frei, J.-D. Fournier, Karel E. Urbanek, Harald Lück, D. O. Bridges, M. Britzger, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, J. Li, N. Morgado, S. Roddy, Jacob Slutsky, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, Amanda J. Page, J. M. Hallam, A. Di Virgilio, Albrecht Rüdiger, Douglas R. Cook, Michele Zanolin, V. Kalogera, G. D. Hammond, Seiji Kawamura, Jordan Camp, D. Feldbaum, S. Saraf, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, M. Sakosky, J. C. Dumas, Albert Lazzarini, P. Charlton, Peter Hall, P. Lu, O. Burmeister, V. Kringel, J. Heefner, T. Etzel, L. Bonelli, Imre Bartos, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, R. Bork, Roman Schnabel, A. A. van Veggel, Efim A. Khazanov, I. Fiori, Ilya Mandel, Alberto Vecchio, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, D. Hoyland, B. F. Whiting, S. Dorsher, B. J. J. Slagmolen, T. Meier, L. Sperandio, S. Barnum, Eric Thrane, T. Westphal, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, J. C. Driggers, T. Reed, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, M. Flanigan, S. M. Scott, F. Frasconi, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, L. Prokhorov, Tomasz Bulik, C. Van Den Broeck, F. C. Speirits, J. Colas, I. A. Bilenko, David J. Ottaway, Paul T. Baker, R. Flaminio, P. Devanka, Ronny Nawrodt, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, Ewan S. Douglas, Richard A. Matzner, R. L. Savage, Hartmut Grote, G. Losurdo, L. Milano, H. Heitmann, Boris Hage, C. Bradaschia, B. Rankins, T. Isogai, François Bondu, E. Nishida, Matthew Evans, Michele Vallisneri, Chad Forrest, A. M. Sintes, Ik Siong Heng, G. D. Meadors, C. Mak, Riccardo Bassiri, C. Michel, S. Steplewski, S. B. Anderson, F. Y. Khalili, K. Flasch, F. Carbognani, S. Márka, R. Dannenberg, M. A. Bizouard, T. D. Creighton, Soumya D. Mohanty, S. P. Tarabrin, Ruslan Vaulin, Rosa Poggiani, J. S. Kissel, M. Di Paolo Emilio, P. Raffai, Benno Willke, R. Day, Eiichi Hirose, G. Cagnoli, P. Yu, B. Daudert, Colin Robinson, Neil J. Cornish, P. E. Lindquist, R. Inta, C. T. Y. Chung, Peter Aufmuth, C. Wilkinson, Michael E Zucker, S. Klimenko, C. Palomba, L. Palladino, B. Hughey, Gregory Ely, A. Singer, T. Ballinger, A. P. Lundgren, Lee Samuel Finn, Joseph D. Romano, P. Astone, V. Kondrashov, B. Moe, I. W. Martin, M. Pickenpack, J. Hanks, E. Maros, M. Sung, M. Pedraza, S. Van Der Putten, K. Mason, S. Ghosh, L. M. Goggin, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, J. N. Marx, Zhi-Li Zhang, Maria Alessandra Papa, Alessandra Buonanno, A. Viceré, D. Pathak, T. Huynh-Dinh, J. Cain, S. Husa, H. Radkins, Y. Minenkov, Drew Keppel, F. Cavalier, K. A. Hodge, V. Re, E. E. Doomes, J. H. Clayton, B. F. Schutz, T. T. Fricke, M. S. Meyer, L. Sancho De La Jordana, E. Amador Ceron, J. Birch, Robert J. Budzyński, A. Morgia, Mark A. Satterthwaite, Collin Capano, R. M. Martin, S. P. Vyachanin, R. S. Ottens, J. Luan, J.-F. Hayau, F. Antonucci, H. Yamamoto, Gabrielle Allen, M. Brinkmann, John K. Cannizzo, P. J. King, F. Cleva, I. Leonor, Andrew J. Stein, J. T. Whelan, D. J. Hosken, E. Coccia, C. Graef, S. Babak, Rainer Weiss, F. Ricci, Xavier Siemens, R. W. P. Drever, M. Was, M. C. Araya, M. Pichot, P. I. P. Kalmus, D. Moraru, M. A. Barton, Lei Zhang, M. Born, K. Mailand, L. Rolland, M. Mohan, N. Man, H. Vocca, W. W. Johnson, P. M. Patel, D. Huet, Alessandra Corsi, M. Parisi, V. Brisson, David Coward, B. Vaishnav, F. J. Raab, Richard J. K. Taylor, V. Raymond, P. Thomas, Piotr Jaranowski, David Jones, P. Puppo, Marco Cavaglia, Yoichi Aso, J. G. Rollins, N. A. Robertson, D. Yeaton-Massey, N. A. Lockerbie, Christian Röver, R. Bonnand, E. J. Daw, D. H. Reitze, Yi Chen, David Blair, J. Trummer, Huan Lin, E. Cesarini, K. Haughian, S. Braccini, M. Benacquista, D. S. Rabeling, G. Vedovato, D. Ugolini, K. D. Giardina, Peter Fritschel, H. Fehrmann, Leo C. Stein, D.B. DeBra, Erik Katsavounidis, Kris Ryan, Kenneth A. Strain, D. B. Kozak, C. Vorvick, Marco Aurelio Diaz, M. Lormand, C. Gill, Claude Boccara, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, M. Prijatelj, R. Mittleman, Vladimir Dergachev, T. Radke, R. L. Ward, M. J. Lubinski, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, A. Khalaidovski, F. Vetrano, P. Ajith, A. J.R. Weinstein, K. C. Cannon, Rocco Romano, B. O'Reilly, R. Passaquieti, Theodore A. Evans, S. Foley, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Maik Frede, Pablo Barriga, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, K. Das, P. Leaci, A. Colla, D. Nolting, P. Schwinberg, Rana X. Adhikari, Gareth Jones, B. Machenschalk, P. J. Sutton, J. H. Romie, A. Davis, M. Mageswaran, Andreas Freise, B. Mours, Benjamin William Allen, M. Colombini, M. Punturo, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, Fabio Postiglione, P. Kwee, G. A. Prodi, Alexander Wanner, F. Donovan, Matthew Pitkin, A. C. Searle, Nelson Christensen, Vladimir B. Braginsky, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, Julien Moreau, A. G. Wiseman, S. E. Dwyer, A. Belletoile, R. W. L. Jones, M. Bastarrika, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, R. Wooley, L. Merill, Slawomir Gras, K. A. Thorne, J. Y. Vinet, A. M. Cruise, N. Fotopoulos, D. Talukder, I. W. Harry, R. Gouaty, S. Wen, M. Weinert, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, M. Granata, T. Hayler, D. C. Coyne, Enrico Calloni, Z. Márka, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, R. M. Culter, Jesper Munch, D. Buskulic, M. A. Frei, R. DeSalvo, Rahul Biswas, F. Piergiovanni, M. Davier, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, Damon A. Clark, S. E. Strigin, Thomas Nash, C. A. Costa, M. Aronsson, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, Vuk Mandic, K. Mors, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, J. Bauchrowitz, R. Abbott, Samuel J. Waldman, P. J. Veitch, M. Tonelli, F. Travasso, Larry R. Price, S. Bose, S. Mukherjee, M. R. Smith, S. Vass, Fabrice Matichard, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, J. Zweizig, A. S. Sengupta, Evan Ochsner, Th. S. Bauer, Fausto Acernese, J. Breyer, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, A. Effler, Laura Cadonati, Sebastian Steinlechner, Edward L. Robinson, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, J. A. Giaime, M. Mantovani, M. Galimberti, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, C. Torres, S. Mitra, M. G. Beker, Bastian Schulz, A. Rocchi, D. Passuello, M. Landry, L. Di Fiore, Kentaro Somiya, D. F. Menéndez, A. M. Sergeev, Yaohui Fan, F. Martelli, J. Kullman, M. Barsuglia, M. C. Edwards, A. Dietz, Chad Hanna, B. Sassolas, G. R. Skelton, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Jolien D. E. Creighton, Fabrizio Barone, Igor Neri, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, Benjamin Canuel, V. Sandberg, F. Nocera, C. Messenger, J. Garofoli, J. Betzwieser, D. J. White, C. Zhao, Karsten Danzmann, F. Salemi, C. Pankow, F. Marion, Lutz Winkelmann, M. Pareja, N. Leroy, H. Overmier, John Veitch, C. Titsler, D. Sellers, S. Birindelli, G. McIntyre, Simon Chelkowski, Riccardo Sturani, M. MacInnis, S. Caudill, P. Rapagnani, M. A. Arain, Gregory M. Harry, D. Hoak, R. Grosso, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, D. Fazi, S. H. Huttner, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, D. Atkinson, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, V. Predoi, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, C. M. Reed, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, S. S. Y. Chua, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, Roberto Conte, Scott Koranda, D. Friedrich, L. Matone, A. Sibley, F. Paoletti, S. Sakata, P. Ruggi, Miquel Trias, A. Mullavey, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, J. Franc, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, E. Forsi, R. Riesen, Roland Schilling, D. Rosińska, C. Osthelder, Y. Pan, B. Bland, Luca Gammaitoni, M. Del Prete, S. Frasca, Stephen Fairhurst, A. F. Brooks, Andrew Ivanov, O. Bock, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, V. Loriette, S. D'Antonio, Antonio Lucianetti, G. Pagliaroli, I. Di Palma, Michael Boyle, O. Puncken, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, A. Thüring, A. C. Melissinos, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, A. Pasqualetti, B. L. Swinkels, L. Turner, M. Yvert, B. Shapiro, Ettore Majorana, P. Ehrens, M. Bitossi, K. Wette, A. Di Lieto, C. Adams, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, D. B. Tanner, Katrin Dahl, J. E. Brau, L. Pekowsky, R. T. DeRosa, T. P. Bodiya, C. Buy, Peter Wessels, Matthew Lang, Simona Mosca, M. Vavoulidis, P. Fulda, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, R. De Rosa, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, C. Veltkamp, Shuichi Sato, D. Lodhia, Liliya L. R. Williams, Matthew Abernathy, Kasem Mossavi, Eric Howell, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, L. Bosi, Hoon-Sik Kim, B. Lantz, J. S. Miller, R. M. S. Schofield, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, Christopher Wipf, K. Hayama, K. V. Tokmakov, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, Sanichiro Yoshida, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, A. Cumming, E. Genin, M. Rakhmanov, Stefano Bigotta, Li Ju, C. N. Colacino, A. M. Gretarsson, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sheila Rowan, R. G. Oldenburg, Daniel A. Shaddock, John Worden, J. Hanson, Guido Mueller, Jan Harms, John R. Smith, Silvio Pardi, E. Campagna, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, Np Zotov, Paul Roberts, S. Meshkov, K. G. Arun, Gianluca Persichetti, J. Abadie, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, C. Peralta, K. L. Dooley, Lisa Barsotti, Alessandra Toncelli, E. Goetz, S. Penn, J., Abadie, B., Abbott, R., Abbott, M., Abernathy, T., Accadia, F., Acernese, C., Adam, R., Adhikari, P., Ajith, B., Allen, G., Allen, E., Amador Ceron, R., Amin, S., Anderson, W., Anderson, F., Antonucci, M., Arain, M., Araya, M., Aronsson, K., Arun, Y., Aso, S., Aston, P., Astone, D., Atkinson, P., Aufmuth, C., Aulbert, S., Babak, P., Baker, G., Ballardin, T., Ballinger, S., Ballmer, D., Barker, S., Barnum, F., Barone, B., Barr, P., Barriga, L., Barsotti, M., Barsuglia, M., Barton, I., Barto, R., Bassiri, M., Bastarrika, J., Bauchrowitz, Bauer, T. h., B., Behnke, M., Beker, A., Belletoile, M., Benacquista, A., Bertolini, J., Betzwieser, N., Beveridge, P., Beyersdorf, S., Bigotta, I., Bilenko, G., Billingsley, J., Birch, S., Birindelli, R., Biswa, M., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, E., Black, J., Blackburn, L., Blackburn, D., Blair, B., Bland, M., Blom, C., Boccara, O., Bock, T., Bodiya, R., Bondarescu, F., Bondu, L., Bonelli, R., Bonnand, R., Bork, M., Born, S., Bose, L., Bosi, B., Bouhou, M., Boyle, S., Braccini, C., Bradaschia, P., Brady, V., Braginsky, J., Brau, J., Breyer, D., Bridge, A., Brillet, M., Brinkmann, V., Brisson, M., Britzger, A., Brook, D., Brown, R., Budzyński, T., Bulik, H., Bulten, A., Buonanno, J., Burguet Castell, O., Burmeister, D., Buskulic, C., Buy, R., Byer, L., Cadonati, G., Cagnoli, J., Cain, Calloni, Enrico, J., Camp, E., Campagna, P., Campsie, J., Cannizzo, K., Cannon, B., Canuel, J., Cao, C., Capano, F., Carbognani, S., Caudill, M., Cavaglià, F., Cavalier, R., Cavalieri, G., Cella, C., Cepeda, E., Cesarini, T., Chalermsongsak, E., Chalkley, P., Charlton, E., Chassande Mottin, S., Chelkowski, Y., Chen, A., Chincarini, N., Christensen, S., Chua, C., Chung, D., Clark, J., Clark, J., Clayton, F., Cleva, E., Coccia, C., Colacino, J., Cola, A., Colla, M., Colombini, R., Conte, D., Cook, T., Corbitt, N., Cornish, A., Corsi, C., Costa, J. P., Coulon, D., Coward, D., Coyne, J., Creighton, T., Creighton, A., Cruise, R., Culter, A., Cumming, L., Cunningham, E., Cuoco, K., Dahl, S., Danilishin, R., Dannenberg, S., D’Antonio, K., Danzmann, K., Da, V., Dattilo, B., Daudert, M., Davier, G., Davie, A., Davi, E., Daw, R., Day, T., Dayanga, DE ROSA, Rosario, D., Debra, J., Degallaix, M., del Prete, V., Dergachev, R., Derosa, R., Desalvo, P., Devanka, S., Dhurandhar, L., Di Fiore, A., Di Lieto, I., Di Palma, M., Di Paolo Emilio, A., Di Virgilio, M., Díaz, A., Dietz, F., Donovan, K., Dooley, E., Doome, S., Dorsher, E., Dougla, M., Drago, R., Drever, J., Drigger, J., Dueck, J. C., Duma, S., Dwyer, T., Eberle, M., Edgar, M., Edward, A., Effler, P., Ehren, G., Ely, R., Engel, T., Etzel, M., Evan, T., Evan, V., Fafone, S., Fairhurst, Y., Fan, B., Farr, D., Fazi, H., Fehrmann, D., Feldbaum, I., Ferrante, F., Fidecaro, L., Finn, I., Fiori, R., Flaminio, M., Flanigan, K., Flasch, S., Foley, C., Forrest, E., Forsi, N., Fotopoulo, J. D., Fournier, J., Franc, S., Frasca, F., Frasconi, M., Frede, M., Frei, Z., Frei, A., Freise, R., Frey, T., Fricke, D., Friedrich, P., Fritschel, V., Frolov, P., Fulda, M., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, L., Gammaitoni, J., Garofoli, Garufi, Fabio, G., Gemme, E., Genin, A., Gennai, S., Ghosh, J., Giaime, S., Giampani, K., Giardina, A., Giazotto, C., Gill, E., Goetz, L., Goggin, G., González, S., Goßler, R., Gouaty, C., Graef, M., Granata, A., Grant, S., Gra, C., Gray, R., Greenhalgh, A., Gretarsson, C., Greverie, R., Grosso, H., Grote, S., Grunewald, G., Guidi, E., Gustafson, R., Gustafson, B., Hage, P., Hall, J., Hallam, D., Hammer, G., Hammond, J., Hank, C., Hanna, J., Hanson, J., Harm, G., Harry, I., Harry, E., Harstad, K., Haughian, K., Hayama, J. F., Hayau, T., Hayler, J., Heefner, H., Heitmann, P., Hello, I., Heng, A., Heptonstall, M., Hewitson, S., Hild, E., Hirose, D., Hoak, K., Hodge, K., Holt, D., Hosken, J., Hough, E., Howell, D., Hoyland, D., Huet, B., Hughey, S., Husa, S., Huttner, T., Huynh Dinh, D., Ingram, R., Inta, T., Isogai, A., Ivanov, P., Jaranowski, W., Johnson, D., Jone, G., Jone, R., Jone, L., Ju, P., Kalmu, V., Kalogera, S., Kandhasamy, J., Kanner, E., Katsavounidi, K., Kawabe, S., Kawamura, F., Kawazoe, W., Kell, D., Keppel, A., Khalaidovski, F., Khalili, E., Khazanov, H., Kim, P., King, D., Kinzel, J., Kissel, S., Klimenko, V., Kondrashov, R., Kopparapu, S., Koranda, I., Kowalska, D., Kozak, T., Krause, V., Kringel, S., Krishnamurthy, B., Krishnan, A., Królak, G., Kuehn, J., Kullman, R., Kumar, P., Kwee, M., Landry, M., Lang, B., Lantz, N., Lastzka, A., Lazzarini, P., Leaci, J., Leong, I., Leonor, N., Leroy, N., Letendre, J., Li, T., Li, H., Lin, P., Lindquist, N., Lockerbie, D., Lodhia, M., Lorenzini, V., Loriette, M., Lormand, G., Losurdo, P., Lu, J., Luan, M., Lubinski, A., Lucianetti, H., Lück, A., Lundgren, B., Machenschalk, M., Macinni, M., Mageswaran, K., Mailand, E., Majorana, C., Mak, I., Maksimovic, N., Man, I., Mandel, V., Mandic, M., Mantovani, F., Marchesoni, F., Marion, S., Márka, Z., Márka, E., Maro, J., Marque, F., Martelli, I., Martin, R., Martin, J., Marx, K., Mason, A., Masserot, F., Matichard, L., Matone, R., Matzner, N., Mavalvala, R., Mccarthy, D., Mcclelland, S., Mcguire, G., Mcintyre, G., Mcivor, D., Mckechan, G., Meador, M., Mehmet, T., Meier, A., Melato, A., Melissino, G., Mendell, D., Menéndez, R., Mercer, L., Merill, S., Meshkov, C., Messenger, M., Meyer, H., Miao, C., Michel, L., Milano, J., Miller, Y., Minenkov, Y., Mino, S., Mitra, V., Mitrofanov, G., Mitselmakher, R., Mittleman, B., Moe, M., Mohan, S., Mohanty, S., Mohapatra, D., Moraru, J., Moreau, G., Moreno, N., Morgado, A., Morgia, K., Mor, S., Mosca, V., Moscatelli, K., Mossavi, B., Mour, C., Mowlowry, G., Mueller, S., Mukherjee, A., Mullavey, H., Müller Ebhardt, J., Munch, P., Murray, T., Nash, R., Nawrodt, J., Nelson, I., Neri, G., Newton, E., Nishida, A., Nishizawa, F., Nocera, D., Nolting, E., Ochsner, J., O’Dell, G., Ogin, R., Oldenburg, B., O’Reilly, R., O’Shaughnessy, C., Osthelder, D., Ottaway, R., Otten, H., Overmier, B., Owen, A., Page, G., Pagliaroli, L., Palladino, C., Palomba, Y., Pan, C., Pankow, F., Paoletti, M., Papa, S., Pardi, M., Pareja, M., Parisi, A., Pasqualetti, R., Passaquieti, D., Passuello, P., Patel, D., Pathak, M., Pedraza, L., Pekowsky, S., Penn, C., Peralta, A., Perreca, G., Persichetti, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, F., Piergiovanni, M., Pietka, L., Pinard, I., Pinto, M., Pitkin, H., Pletsch, M., Plissi, R., Poggiani, F., Postiglione, M., Prato, V., Predoi, L., Price, M., Prijatelj, M., Principe, R., Prix, G., Prodi, L., Prokhorov, O., Puncken, M., Punturo, P., Puppo, V., Quetschke, F., Raab, D., Rabeling, T., Radke, H., Radkin, P., Raffai, M., Rakhmanov, B., Rankin, P., Rapagnani, V., Raymond, V., Re, C., Reed, T., Reed, T., Regimbau, S., Reid, D., Reitze, F., Ricci, R., Riesen, K., Rile, P., Robert, N., Robertson, F., Robinet, C., Robinson, E., Robinson, A., Rocchi, S., Roddy, C., Röver, L., Rolland, J., Rollin, J., Romano, R., Romano, J., Romie, D., Rosińska, S., Rowan, A., Rüdiger, P., Ruggi, K., Ryan, S., Sakata, M., Sakosky, F., Salemi, L., Sammut, L., Sancho de la Jordana, V., Sandberg, V., Sannibale, L., Santamaría, G., Santostasi, S., Saraf, B., Sassola, B., Sathyaprakash, S., Sato, M., Satterthwaite, P., Saulson, R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, B., Schulz, B., Schutz, P., Schwinberg, J., Scott, S., Scott, A., Searle, F., Seifert, D., Seller, A., Sengupta, D., Sentenac, A., Sergeev, D., Shaddock, B., Shapiro, P., Shawhan, D., Shoemaker, A., Sibley, X., Siemen, D., Sigg, A., Singer, A., Sinte, G., Skelton, B., Slagmolen, J., Slutsky, J., Smith, M., Smith, N., Smith, K., Somiya, B., Sorazu, F., Speirit, L., Sperandio, A., Stein, L., Stein, S., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, A., Stochino, R., Stone, K., Strain, S., Strigin, A., Stroeer, R., Sturani, A., Stuver, T., Summerscale, M., Sung, S., Susmithan, P., Sutton, B., Swinkel, D., Talukder, D., Tanner, S., Tarabrin, J., Taylor, R., Taylor, P., Thoma, K., Thorne, E., Thrane, A., Thüring, C., Titsler, K., Tokmakov, A., Toncelli, M., Tonelli, O., Torre, C., Torre, C., Torrie, E., Tournefier, F., Travasso, G., Traylor, M., Tria, J., Trummer, K., Tseng, L., Turner, D., Ugolini, K., Urbanek, H., Vahlbruch, B., Vaishnav, G., Vajente, M., Vallisneri, J., van den Brand, C., Van Den Broeck, S., van der Putten, M., van der Sluy, A., van Veggel, S., Va, R., Vaulin, M., Vavoulidi, A., Vecchio, G., Vedovato, J., Veitch, P., Veitch, C., Veltkamp, D., Verkindt, F., Vetrano, A., Viceré, A., Villar, J. Y., Vinet, H., Vocca, C., Vorvick, S., Vyachanin, S., Waldman, L., Wallace, A., Wanner, R., Ward, M., Wa, P., Wei, M., Weinert, A., Weinstein, R., Wei, L., Wen, S., Wen, P., Wessel, M., West, T., Westphal, K., Wette, J., Whelan, S., Whitcomb, D., White, B., Whiting, C., Wilkinson, P., Willem, L., William, B., Willke, L., Winkelmann, W., Winkler, C., Wipf, A., Wiseman, G., Woan, R., Wooley, J., Worden, I., Yakushin, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, D., Yeaton Massey, S., Yoshida, P., Yu, M., Yvert, M., Zanolin, L., Zhang, Z., Zhang, C., Zhao, N., Zotov, M., Zucker, and J., Zweizig
Subjects: Coalescence (physics), Gravitation, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Interferometry, Detection of gravitational waves, Gravitational wave, Binary number, Astronomy, Astrophysics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Cosmology, LIGO
Abstract: This paper was published online on 5 November 2010 with an omission in the Collaboration author list. S. Dwyer has been added as of 12 April 2012. The Collaboration author list is incorrect in the printed version of the journal
Published: 2012

42. Publisher's Note: Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown (vol 83, 122005, 2011)

Author: Atsushi J. Nishizawa, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, H. J. Bulten, G. McIntyre, C. T. Y. Chung, B. Shapiro, S. S. Y. Chua, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, Roberto Conte, D. S. Rabeling, Julien Moreau, A. G. Wiseman, D. C. Coyne, I. M. Pinto, A. Morgia, M. A. Arain, Scott Koranda, D. Friedrich, L. Matone, A. Sibley, Fabrizio Barone, R. S. Ottens, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, L. Turner, M. Yvert, David Jones, J. Garofoli, J. Betzwieser, P. Puppo, L. Rolland, M. Mohan, D. L. Kinzel, N. Man, R. A. Mercer, Marco Aurelio Diaz, Marco Cavaglia, A. Gennai, V. Predoi, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, H. Overmier, D. H. Reitze, E. Cesarini, Ettore Majorana, P. Ehrens, K. A. Strain, K. Haughian, Ronny Nawrodt, S. B. Anderson, Thomas Nash, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, N. Beveridge, M. Blom, Walter Winkler, D. Sellers, S. Birindelli, Harald Lück, M. Bitossi, K. Wette, D. Talukder, I. W. Harry, R. Gouaty, K. A. Hodge, M. Britzger, I. Gholami, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, S. Wen, R. M. Culter, Jesper Munch, D. Buskulic, M. A. Frei, S. Braccini, Ilya Mandel, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, R. Abbott, Ruslan Vaulin, C. M. Mow–Lowry, Richard A. Matzner, Simon Chelkowski, Riccardo Sturani, C. Adams, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, Sanichiro Yoshida, P. T. Beyersdorf, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, P. Campsie, Fausto Acernese, D. Hoak, R. Grosso, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, G. Moreno, J. Breyer, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, M. Mantovani, M. R. Smith, A. S. Sengupta, T. Ballinger, M. Sung, D. Barker, M. Pedraza, M. Born, K. Mailand, M. Pietka, P. Thomas, F. Paoletti, S. Sakata, F. Cleva, D. Fazi, Antonio Lucianetti, G. Pagliaroli, Kentaro Somiya, R. Mittleman, B. Behnke, G. M. Harry, Ewan S. Douglas, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, B. O'Reilly, F. Garufi, Maria Alessandra Papa, F. Cavalier, G. McIvor, N. Morgado, M. Rakhmanov, S. Roddy, S. H. Huttner, Benno Willke, Nelson Christensen, K. Flasch, A. L. Stuver, P. Ruggi, Miquel Trias, F. Carbognani, L. M. Goggin, Seiji Kawamura, D. Atkinson, M. Pichot, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, M. J. Lubinski, I. Di Palma, M. Di Paolo Emilio, Sunil Susmithan, Collin Capano, Chad Forrest, A. M. Sintes, M. E. Gáspár, E. Chalkley, C. Mak, M. Aronsson, Yi Pan, Michael Boyle, Alessandra Buonanno, Lee Samuel Finn, E. Katsavounidis, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, Robert Stone, James Taylor, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, Peter Fritschel, O. Puncken, C. Vorvick, Joseph D. Romano, Edward L. Robinson, T. Accadia, F. Travasso, A. Giazotto, J. Birch, A. Rocchi, Li Ju, C. N. Colacino, A. Mullavey, D. Passuello, K. C. Cannon, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, J. Franc, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, P. Shawhan, H. Radkins, A. Di Virgilio, I. Ferrante, S. Barnum, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Theodore A. Evans, S. Foley, A. Effler, Maik Frede, M. Galimberti, A. Perreca, D. Hammer, G. Santostasi, G. Gemme, M. Drago, F. Seifert, J. Luan, Albrecht Rüdiger, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, R. Amin, Badri Krishnan, Daniel A. Shaddock, S. P. Vyachanin, J. Hanson, Guenakh Mitselmakher, S. Babak, H. Yamamoto, Liam Cunningham, Jacob Slutsky, T. Westphal, P. Charlton, Peter Hall, G. Kuehn, A. M. Sergeev, M. Brinkmann, H. Vahlbruch, Benjamin Canuel, D. Huet, A. Cumming, K. Riles, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, J. Y. Vinet, C. Pankow, P. Lu, O. Burmeister, V. Kringel, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, C. Messenger, A. C. Searle, P. Schwinberg, Paul T. Baker, N. Fotopoulos, P. J. Veitch, F. Marion, A. Thüring, David Coward, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Mikhail L. Gorodetsky, E. Forsi, Christian Röver, R. Bonnand, L. C. Stein, V. V. Frolov, V. Moscatelli, Igor Neri, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, A. Khalaidovski, Matthew West, Lutz Winkelmann, N. Leroy, M. Pareja, Tomasz Bulik, M. Benacquista, N. Letendre, A. C. Melissinos, Guido Mueller, J. Dueck, John K. Cannizzo, C. Aulbert, R. Cavalieri, G. Billingsley, M. Weinert, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, F. Fidecaro, François Bondu, G. M. Guidi, G. D. Meadors, Riccardo Bassiri, G. Debreczeni, David J. Ottaway, John Veitch, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, Damon A. Clark, C. A. Costa, E. Genin, Hartmut Grote, G. Losurdo, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, A. Pasqualetti, J. C. Dumas, K. Das, Albert Lazzarini, E. Campagna, J. R. Leong, V. Raymond, C. Titsler, B. P. Abbott, P. Leaci, A. Colla, E. K. Gustafson, K. Mors, R. Riesen, G. S. Allen, Roland Schilling, Eiichi Hirose, G. Cagnoli, E. Maros, Colin Robinson, Alberto Vecchio, I. Leonor, D. Nolting, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, T. Krause, E. Tournefier, S. Vass, B. L. Swinkels, L. Prokhorov, H. Fehrmann, M. MacInnis, J. Abadie, A. J. Stein, S. Caudill, Laura Cadonati, Bastian Schulz, P. Rapagnani, Robert J. Budzyński, Neil J. Cornish, Alessandra Corsi, D. Hoyland, F. Martelli, P. E. Lindquist, B. F. Whiting, S. Dorsher, P. Devanka, N. D. Smith, N. A. Lockerbie, Fabrice Matichard, Piotr Jaranowski, Duncan A. Brown, J. Bauchrowitz, A. M. Gretarsson, M. A. Bizouard, B. Lantz, W. Kells, J.-P. Coulon, Lucía Santamaría, Z. Frei, S. Caride, E. J. Daw, J.-D. Fournier, N. Liguori, B. F. Schutz, C. Van Den Broeck, D. Rosińska, C. Osthelder, K. D. Giardina, Evan Ochsner, Jolien D. E. Creighton, M. Tonelli, Chad Hanna, Larry R. Price, C. Gill, A. Viceré, Jenny Nelson, C. M. Reed, B. Hughey, K. Holt, I. Fiori, Peter Aufmuth, B. Mours, Benjamin William Allen, T. Etzel, D. J. Hosken, K. V. Tokmakov, E. Coccia, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, L. Bonelli, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sheila Rowan, A. Singer, Vladimir Dergachev, T. Radke, S. Ghosh, V. Re, J. N. Marx, A. Belletoile, J. G. Rollins, R. W. L. Jones, C. C. Wipf, V. Sandberg, M. A. Barton, A. F. Brooks, Andrew Ivanov, Karsten Danzmann, M. V. van der Sluys, O. Bock, M. Colombini, F. Nocera, P. Ajith, A. J.R. Weinstein, D. J. White, Huan Lin, Yaohui Fan, C. Zhao, F. Salemi, J. S. Miller, M. Bastarrika, R. M. S. Schofield, J. Cain, S. Saraf, D. Moraru, S. J. Waldman, B. Sassolas, G. R. Skelton, Kris Ryan, D.B. DeBra, Richard J. K. Taylor, M. Punturo, Slawomir Gras, N. A. Robertson, T. Morioka, D. Yeaton-Massey, Imre Bartos, C. Torres, S. Mitra, R. G. Oldenburg, J. H. Clayton, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Pablo Barriga, Claude Boccara, F. Antonucci, I. Yakushin, P. G. Murray, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, Benjamin J. Owen, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, M. Mageswaran, J. F. J. van den Brand, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, D. R. Ingram, Fabio Postiglione, P. Kwee, M. Landry, T. Huynh─Dinh, L. Di Fiore, F. Vetrano, M. Tacca, J. H. Hough, S. E. Dwyer, A. D. Lundgren, Phil Willems, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, K. A. Thorne, John Worden, K. Hayama, B. Bouhou, A. M. Cruise, L. Pinard, J. B. Kanner, S. M. Scott, J. Kullman, M. Sakosky, Andreas Freise, Douglas R. Cook, V. Loriette, Z. Márka, S. Grunewald, Matthew Pitkin, R. Wooley, Michele Zanolin, Amanda J. Page, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Vajente, G. Mendell, Vuk Mandic, M. Barsuglia, Martin Hewitson, V. Kalogera, L. Merill, Jan Harms, M. Granata, T. Hayler, Junwei Cao, Eric Thrane, S. Mukherjee, G. D. Hammond, Th. S. Bauer, S. D'Antonio, Karel E. Urbanek, J. A. Giaime, C. Michel, L. A. Forte, D. O. Bridges, M. Parisi, J. Li, M. G. Beker, R. Day, P. Yu, B. Daudert, D. F. Menéndez, L. Zhang, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, D. H. Shoemaker, Matthew Lang, J. Colas, M. C. Edwards, J. M. Hallam, A. Dietz, R. L. Savage, Rosa Poggiani, Kip S. Thorne, Y. R. Chen, T. Isogai, P. Fulda, Roman Schnabel, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Silvio Pardi, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, Np Zotov, Paul Roberts, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, P. Raffai, J. C. Driggers, F. Y. Khalili, M. Pickenpack, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, S. Meshkov, Gianluca Persichetti, T. Reed, Eric Howell, Drew Keppel, B. J. J. Slagmolen, T. T. Fricke, M. Was, L. Blackburn, Nico Lastzka, H. Vocca, L. Bosi, Haixing Miao, C. Peralta, Soumya D. Mohanty, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, Lisa Barsotti, D. Pathak, Mark A. Satterthwaite, Alessandra Toncelli, L. Palladino, L. Milano, K. Mason, H. Heitmann, Boris Hage, B. Rankins, C. Wilkinson, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, E. Amador Ceron, R. M. Martin, Xavier Siemens, P. I. P. Kalmus, R. L. Ward, P. J. Sutton, J. H. Romie, A. Davis, R. Gustafson, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, S. E. Strigin, S. Bose, J. Zweizig, Sebastian Steinlechner, F. Frasconi, R. Flaminio, J. S. Kissel, B. Moe, I. W. Martin, S. Husa, M. C. Araya, V. Brisson, Rana X. Adhikari, Gareth Jones, B. Machenschalk, F. Donovan, I. A. Bilenko, Zhenyu Zhang, L. Pekowsky, Tenglin Li, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, V. Fafone, C. Greverie, A. E. Villar, G. P. Szokoly, A. Grant, R. T. DeRosa, T. P. Bodiya, C. Buy, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, Jordan Camp, A. Stroeer, Peter Wessels, V. Kondrashov, S. L. Danilishin, Simona Mosca, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, Y. Minenkov, E. E. Doomes, M. Vavoulidis, L. Sancho De La Jordana, L. Sperandio, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, Y. Aso, F. C. Speirits, A. Di Lieto, M. Vasúth, B. Vaishnav, F. J. Raab, D. B. Tanner, Matthew Evans, T. D. Creighton, Katrin Dahl, M. Abernathy, J. Heefner, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, R. Inta, M. Flanigan, Hyun Kyung Kim, S. Klimenko, C. Bradaschia, Michele Vallisneri, J. Burguet–Castell, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, R. De Rosa, S. Márka, R. Dannenberg, D. Ugolini, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, S. P. Tarabrin, Gregory Ely, Linqing Wen, C. Veltkamp, Shuichi Sato, M. Lormand, P. Astone, D. Lodhia, M. Prijatelj, Liliya L. R. Williams, V. Boschi, R. Passaquieti, Kasem Mossavi, G. A. Prodi, Alexander Wanner, R. DeSalvo, Rahul Biswas, F. Piergiovanni, M. Davier, C. Palomba, M. S. Meyer, E. Goetz, S. Penn, Rainer Weiss, R. Engel, F. Ricci, P. Wei, V. Dattilo, R. W. P. Drever, Stefan Hild, A. Brillet, Yasushi Mino, Mirko Prato, F. Robinet, W. W. Johnson, P. M. Patel, David Blair, B. Bland, Luca Gammaitoni, O. Chaibi, M. Del Prete, S. Frasca, Stephen Fairhurst, J.-F. Hayau, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Mathematical Analysis, J., Abadie, B., Abbott, R., Abbott, M., Abernathy, T., Accadia, F., Acernese, C., Adam, R., Adhikari, P., Ajith, B., Allen, G., Allen, E., Amador ceron, R., Amin, S., Anderson, W., Anderson, F., Antonucci, M., Arain, M., Araya, M., Aronsson, Y., Aso, S., Aston, P., Astone, D., Atkinson, P., Aufmuth, C., Aulbert, S., Babak, P., Baker, G., Ballardin, T., Ballinger, S., Ballmer, D., Barker, S., Barnum, F., Barone, B., Barr, P., Barriga, L., Barsotti, M., Barsuglia, M., Barton, I., Barto, R., Bassiri, M., Bastarrika, J., Bauchrowitz, Bauer, T. h., B., Behnke, M., Beker, A., Belletoile, M., Benacquista, A., Bertolini, J., Betzwieser, N., Beveridge, P., Beyersdorf, I., Bilenko, G., Billingsley, J., Birch, S., Birindelli, R., Biswa, M., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, E., Black, J., Blackburn, L., Blackburn, D., Blair, B., Bland, M., Blom, C., Boccara, O., Bock, T., Bodiya, R., Bondarescu, F., Bondu, L., Bonelli, R., Bonnand, R., Bork, M., Born, V., Boschi, S., Bose, L., Bosi, B., Bouhou, M., Boyle, S., Braccini, C., Bradaschia, P., Brady, V., Braginsky, J., Brau, J., Breyer, D., Bridge, A., Brillet, M., Brinkmann, V., Brisson, M., Britzger, A., Brook, D., Brown, R., Budzyński, T., Bulik, H., Bulten, A., Buonanno, J., Burguet–castell, O., Burmeister, D., Buskulic, C., Buy, R., Byer, L., Cadonati, G., Cagnoli, J., Cain, Calloni, Enrico, J., Camp, E., Campagna, P., Campsie, J., Cannizzo, K., Cannon, B., Canuel, J., Cao, C., Capano, F., Carbognani, S., Caride, S., Caudill, M., Cavagliá, F., Cavalier, R., Cavalieri, G., Cella, C., Cepeda, E., Cesarini, O., Chaibi, T., Chalermsongsak, E., Chalkley, P., Charlton, E., Chassande Mottin, S., Chelkowski, Y., Chen, A., Chincarini, N., Christensen, S., Chua, C., Chung, D., Clark, J., Clark, J., Clayton, F., Cleva, E., Coccia, C., Colacino, J., Cola, A., Colla, M., Colombini, R., Conte, D., Cook, T., Corbitt, N., Cornish, A., Corsi, C., Costa, J. P., Coulon, D., Coward, D., Coyne, J., Creighton, T., Creighton, A., Cruise, R., Culter, A., Cumming, L., Cunningham, E., Cuoco, K., Dahl, S., Danilishin, R., Dannenberg, S., D’Antonio, K., Danzmann, K., Da, V., Dattilo, B., Daudert, M., Davier, G., Davie, A., Davi, E., Daw, R., Day, T., Dayanga, DE ROSA, Rosario, D., Debra, G., Debreczeni, J., Degallaix, M., del Prete, V., Dergachev, R., Derosa, R., Desalvo, P., Devanka, S., Dhurandhar, L., Di Fiore, A., Di Lieto, I., Di Palma, M., Di Paolo Emilio, A., Di Virgilio, M., Díaz, A., Dietz, F., Donovan, K., Dooley, E., Doome, S., Dorsher, E., Dougla, M., Drago, R., Drever, J., Drigger, J., Dueck, J. C., Duma, S., Dwyer, T., Eberle, M., Edgar, M., Edward, A., Effler, P., Ehren, G., Ely, R., Engel, T., Etzel, M., Evan, T., Evan, V., Fafone, S., Fairhurst, Y., Fan, B., Farr, D., Fazi, H., Fehrmann, D., Feldbaum, I., Ferrante, F., Fidecaro, L., Finn, I., Fiori, R., Flaminio, M., Flanigan, K., Flasch, S., Foley, C., Forrest, E., Forsi, L., Forte, N., Fotopoulo, J. D., Fournier, J., Franc, S., Frasca, F., Frasconi, M., Frede, M., Frei, Z., Frei, A., Freise, R., Frey, T., Fricke, D., Friedrich, P., Fritschel, V., Frolov, P., Fulda, M., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, L., Gammaitoni, J., Garofoli, Garufi, Fabio, M., Gáspár, G., Gemme, E., Genin, A., Gennai, I., Gholami, S., Ghosh, J., Giaime, S., Giampani, K., Giardina, A., Giazotto, C., Gill, E., Goetz, L., Goggin, G., González, M., Gorodetsky, S., Goßler, R., Gouaty, C., Graef, M., Granata, A., Grant, S., Gra, C., Gray, R., Greenhalgh, A., Gretarsson, C., Greverie, R., Grosso, H., Grote, S., Grunewald, G., Guidi, E., Gustafson, R., Gustafson, B., Hage, P., Hall, J., Hallam, D., Hammer, G., Hammond, J., Hank, C., Hanna, J., Hanson, J., Harm, G., Harry, I., Harry, E., Harstad, K., Haughian, K., Hayama, J. F., Hayau, T., Hayler, J., Heefner, H., Heitmann, P., Hello, I., Heng, A., Heptonstall, M., Hewitson, S., Hild, E., Hirose, D., Hoak, K., Hodge, K., Holt, D., Hosken, J., Hough, E., Howell, D., Hoyland, D., Huet, B., Hughey, S., Husa, S., Huttner, T., Huynh–dinh, D., Ingram, R., Inta, T., Isogai, A., Ivanov, P., Jaranowski, W., Johnson, D., Jone, G., Jone, R., Jone, L., Ju, P., Kalmu, V., Kalogera, S., Kandhasamy, J., Kanner, E., Katsavounidi, K., Kawabe, S., Kawamura, F., Kawazoe, W., Kell, D., Keppel, A., Khalaidovski, F., Khalili, E., Khazanov, H., Kim, P., King, D., Kinzel, J., Kissel, S., Klimenko, V., Kondrashov, R., Kopparapu, S., Koranda, I., Kowalska, D., Kozak, T., Krause, V., Kringel, S., Krishnamurthy, B., Krishnan, A., Królak, G., Kuehn, J., Kullman, R., Kumar, P., Kwee, M., Landry, M., Lang, B., Lantz, N., Lastzka, A., Lazzarini, P., Leaci, J., Leong, I., Leonor, N., Leroy, N., Letendre, J., Li, T., Li, N., Liguori, H., Lin, P., Lindquist, N., Lockerbie, D., Lodhia, M., Lorenzini, V., Loriette, M., Lormand, G., Losurdo, P., Lu, J., Luan, M., Lubinski, A., Lucianetti, H., Lück, A., Lundgren, B., Machenschalk, M., Macinni, M., Mageswaran, K., Mailand, E., Majorana, C., Mak, I., Maksimovic, N., Man, I., Mandel, V., Mandic, M., Mantovani, F., Marchesoni, F., Marion, S., Márka, Z., Márka, E., Maro, J., Marque, F., Martelli, I., Martin, R., Martin, J., Marx, K., Mason, A., Masserot, F., Matichard, L., Matone, R., Matzner, N., Mavalvala, R., Mccarthy, D., Mcclelland, S., Mcguire, G., Mcintyre, G., Mcivor, D., Mckechan, G., Meador, M., Mehmet, T., Meier, A., Melato, A., Melissino, G., Mendell, D., Menéndez, R., Mercer, L., Merill, S., Meshkov, C., Messenger, M., Meyer, H., Miao, C., Michel, L., Milano, J., Miller, Y., Minenkov, Y., Mino, S., Mitra, V., Mitrofanov, G., Mitselmakher, R., Mittleman, B., Moe, M., Mohan, S., Mohanty, S., Mohapatra, D., Moraru, J., Moreau, G., Moreno, N., Morgado, A., Morgia, T., Morioka, K., Mor, S., Mosca, V., Moscatelli, K., Mossavi, B., Mour, C., Mow–lowry, G., Mueller, S., Mukherjee, A., Mullavey, H., Müller Ebhardt, J., Munch, P., Murray, T., Nash, R., Nawrodt, J., Nelson, I., Neri, G., Newton, A., Nishizawa, F., Nocera, D., Nolting, E., Ochsner, J., O’Dell, G., Ogin, R., Oldenburg, B., O’Reilly, R., O’Shaughnessy, C., Osthelder, D., Ottaway, R., Otten, H., Overmier, B., Owen, A., Page, G., Pagliaroli, L., Palladino, C., Palomba, Y., Pan, C., Pankow, F., Paoletti, M., Papa, S., Pardi, M., Pareja, M., Parisi, A., Pasqualetti, R., Passaquieti, D., Passuello, P., Patel, D., Pathak, M., Pedraza, L., Pekowsky, S., Penn, C., Peralta, A., Perreca, G., Persichetti, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, F., Piergiovanni, M., Pietka, L., Pinard, I., Pinto, M., Pitkin, H., Pletsch, M., Plissi, R., Poggiani, F., Postiglione, M., Prato, V., Predoi, L., Price, M., Prijatelj, M., Principe, R., Prix, G., Prodi, L., Prokhorov, O., Puncken, M., Punturo, P., Puppo, V., Quetschke, F., Raab, D., Rabeling, I., Rácz, T., Radke, H., Radkin, P., Raffai, M., Rakhmanov, B., Rankin, P., Rapagnani, V., Raymond, V., Re, C., Reed, T., Reed, T., Regimbau, S., Reid, D., Reitze, F., Ricci, R., Riesen, K., Rile, P., Robert, N., Robertson, F., Robinet, C., Robinson, E., Robinson, A., Rocchi, S., Roddy, L., Rolland, J., Rollin, J., Romano, R., Romano, J., Romie, D., Rosińska, C., Röver, S., Rowan, A., Rüdiger, P., Ruggi, K., Ryan, S., Sakata, M., Sakosky, F., Salemi, L., Sammut, L., Sancho de la Jordana, V., Sandberg, V., Sannibale, L., Santamaría, G., Santostasi, S., Saraf, B., Sassola, B., Sathyaprakash, S., Sato, M., Satterthwaite, P., Saulson, R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, B., Schulz, B., Schutz, P., Schwinberg, J., Scott, S., Scott, A., Searle, F., Seifert, D., Seller, A., Sengupta, D., Sentenac, A., Sergeev, D., Shaddock, B., Shapiro, P., Shawhan, D., Shoemaker, A., Sibley, X., Siemen, D., Sigg, A., Singer, A., Sinte, G., Skelton, B., Slagmolen, J., Slutsky, J., Smith, M., Smith, N., Smith, K., Somiya, B., Sorazu, F., Speirit, L., Sperandio, A., Stein, L., Stein, S., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, A., Stochino, R., Stone, K., Strain, S., Strigin, A., Stroeer, R., Sturani, A., Stuver, T., Summerscale, M., Sung, S., Susmithan, P., Sutton, B., Swinkel, G., Szokoly, M., Tacca, D., Talukder, D., Tanner, S., Tarabrin, J., Taylor, R., Taylor, P., Thoma, K., Thorne, E., Thrane, A., Thüring, C., Titsler, K., Tokmakov, A., Toncelli, M., Tonelli, O., Torre, C., Torre, C., Torrie, E., Tournefier, F., Travasso, G., Traylor, M., Tria, K., Tseng, L., Turner, D., Ugolini, K., Urbanek, H., Vahlbruch, B., Vaishnav, G., Vajente, M., Vallisneri, J., van den Brand, C., Van Den Broeck, S., van der Putten, M., van der Sluy, A., van Veggel, S., Va, M., Vasuth, R., Vaulin, M., Vavoulidi, A., Vecchio, G., Vedovato, J., Veitch, P., Veitch, C., Veltkamp, D., Verkindt, F., Vetrano, A., Viceré, A., Villar, J. Y., Vinet, H., Vocca, C., Vorvick, S., Vyachanin, S., Waldman, L., Wallace, A., Wanner, R., Ward, M., Wa, P., Wei, M., Weinert, A., Weinstein, R., Wei, L., Wen, S., Wen, P., Wessel, M., West, T., Westphal, K., Wette, J., Whelan, S., Whitcomb, D., White, B., Whiting, C., Wilkinson, P., Willem, L., William, B., Willke, L., Winkelmann, W., Winkler, C., Wipf, A., Wiseman, G., Woan, R., Wooley, J., Worden, I., Yakushin, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, D., Yeaton Massey, S., Yoshida, P., Yu, M., Yvert, M., Zanolin, L., Zhang, Z., Zhang, C., Zhao, N., Zotov, M., Zucker, and J., Zweizig
Subjects: Physics, Detection of gravitational wave, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Neutron star, Interferometry, Binary black hole, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics
Published: 2012

43. Publisher’s Note: Search for gravitational waves associated with the August 2006 timing glitch of the Vela pulsar (vol 83, 042001, 2011)

Author: Albert Lazzarini, G. McIntyre, K. Kokeyama, B. F. Schutz, M. R. Smith, A. S. Sengupta, Jenny Nelson, D. J. Hosken, J. G. Rollins, Leo C. Stein, Kris Ryan, Edward L. Robinson, T. Westphal, J. Dueck, C. Aulbert, N. D. Smith, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, M. A. Arain, Paul T. Baker, I. Leonor, Andrew J. Stein, Antonio Lucianetti, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, A. M. Cruise, R. L. Ward, Vuk Mandic, C. T. Y. Chung, V. V. Frolov, J. A. Giaime, Hartmut Grote, Eiichi Hirose, I. Duke, Jordan Camp, Andreas Freise, D. Fazi, Z. Frei, D. F. Menéndez, James Taylor, P. J. Sutton, A. L. Stuver, Gregory M. Harry, M. Lei, Michael E Zucker, A. Cumming, Y. Pan, Matthew Pitkin, R. Wooley, Benno Willke, T. Hayler, R. W. L. Jones, Seiji Kawamura, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, C. Mak, K. A. Hodge, D. B. Tanner, J. H. Romie, David H. Shoemaker, Holger J. Pletsch, R. Amin, Evan Ochsner, Colin Robinson, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Neil J. Cornish, B. Bland, S. Mukherjee, S. H. Huttner, E. J. Daw, L. M. Goggin, F. C. Speirits, S. Grunewald, E. Chalkley, P. E. Lindquist, B. Lantz, P. Lu, O. Burmeister, V. Kringel, P. G. Murray, Osamu Miyakawa, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, M. Landry, R. S. Ottens, Rahul Kumar, K. D. Giardina, Z. Raics, M. Bastarrika, J. H. Hough, R. Gustafson, Katrin Dahl, Amanda J. Page, O. Puncken, J. Kullman, Andrew Melatos, J. S. Miller, R. M. S. Schofield, Duncan A. Brown, Alessandra Buonanno, A. P. Lundgren, D. Barker, J. Heefner, John A. Clark, Douglas R. Cook, A. M. Gretarsson, P. Shawhan, Michele Vallisneri, H. Fehrmann, Peter Fritschel, K. C. Cannon, S. Foley, E. Nishida, Alberto Vecchio, L. Prokhorov, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, Matthew Evans, S. Giampanis, E. Goetz, Michele Zanolin, M. C. Edwards, C. Torres, S. Penn, L. Cardenas, V. Kalogera, D. H. Reitze, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, Benjamin J. Owen, S. Mitra, J. K. Blackburn, S. Márka, Marco Aurelio Diaz, A. Thüring, Gabrielle Allen, A. C. Melissinos, T. D. Creighton, T. Z. Summerscales, P. Charlton, D. Hammer, G. Santostasi, F. Seifert, Virginio Sannibale, D. B. Kozak, S. P. Tarabrin, Benjamin William Allen, Sheila Rowan, David E. McClelland, A. C. Searle, L. Merrill, Liam Cunningham, John S. Markowitz, Christopher Wipf, K. Hayama, S. E. Strigin, Ruxandra Bondarescu, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, G. Mendell, K. V. Tokmakov, P. Wei, G. D. Hammond, S. Bose, L. Turner, M. A. Barton, Lei Zhang, C. Vorvick, B. Behnke, V. Kondrashov, G. Traylor, Slawomir Gras, S. Roddy, S. Babak, Stefan Hild, Thomas Corbitt, Damon A. Clark, B. Shapiro, Martin Hewitson, Nick Leindecker, Stephen Fairhurst, P. Ehrens, D.B. DeBra, Junwei Cao, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Kenneth A. Strain, Theodore A. Evans, R. G. Oldenburg, E. E. Doomes, Maik Frede, Carlos Cepeda, Sunil Susmithan, B. Hughey, Samuel J. Waldman, Karel E. Urbanek, D. O. Bridges, J. B. Kanner, J. Zweizig, S. Klimenko, S. Sakata, Rubab Khan, Miquel Trias, K. Wette, John Worden, Matthew Lang, I. A. Bilenko, K. Haughian, Robert J. McCarthy, L. Sancho De La Jordana, Tyson Littenberg, Robert Stone, P. Schwinberg, Erik Katsavounidis, Linqing Wen, Badri Krishnan, Chad Forrest, C. Pankow, A. M. Sintes, David J. Ottaway, A. Mullavey, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, D. Sigg, P. Fulda, Yasushi Mino, S. Saraf, C. I. Torrie, M. J. Lubinski, C. Veltkamp, Shuichi Sato, Jacob Slutsky, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, W. G. Anderson, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, J. M. Hallam, Lutz Winkelmann, S. W. Ballmer, Fabio Postiglione, P. Kwee, K. A. Thorne, G. Moreno, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Lee Samuel Finn, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Joseph D. Romano, J. C. Driggers, D. Hoyland, B. F. Whiting, Yaohui Fan, T. Reed, A. Khalaidovski, John Veitch, Eric Howell, Jan Harms, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, Vladimir B. Braginsky, B. P. Abbott, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, C. Van Den Broeck, D. Lodhia, Liliya L. R. Williams, D. Talukder, I. W. Harry, E. K. Gustafson, Soumya D. Mohanty, S. Wen, C. M. Reed, Richard J. K. Taylor, A. Stochino, G. R. Skelton, B. O'Reilly, Albrecht Rüdiger, P. J. Veitch, F. J. Raab, V. P. Mitrofanov, N. Fotopoulos, S. Vass, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, Yoichi Aso, N. A. Robertson, P. Raffai, L. Wallace, D. Yeaton-Massey, C. Titsler, M. MacInnis, S. Buchner, T. Etzel, Mark F. Bennett, Boris Hage, M. Weinert, Hoon-Sik Kim, P. Leaci, C. Wilkinson, Fabrice Matichard, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Kasem Mossavi, K. Mason, D. Ugolini, S. Caudill, Sanichiro Yoshida, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, R. Frey, Ronny Nawrodt, M. Pickenpack, K. Mors, Graham Woan, J. Breyer, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, J. Garofoli, E. Amador Ceron, John R. Smith, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, M. Lormand, J. Betzwieser, R. M. Martin, R. Riesen, Walter Winkler, S. B. Anderson, A. S. Markosyan, C. Messenger, Ruslan Vaulin, Riccardo Bassiri, R. L. Savage, J. E. Brau, Roman Schnabel, M. Rakhmanov, Xavier Siemens, P. I. P. Kalmus, P. Sarin, Stefan Goßler, A. G. Wiseman, Imre Bartos, Harald Lück, Li Ju, A. A. van Veggel, Roland Schilling, Kentaro Somiya, L. Pekowsky, Efim A. Khazanov, Moritz Mehmet, I. Wilmut, H. Rehbein, T. Isogai, S. E. Dwyer, H. Overmier, E. Maros, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, A. E. Villar, J. Hanson, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, M. Sung, M. Britzger, B. Daudert, Guido Mueller, Yi Chen, F. Y. Khalili, A. Grant, R. Bork, D. C. Coyne, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, M. Pedraza, Maria Alessandra Papa, H. R. Williams, G. P. Szokoly, Alexander Wanner, R. DeSalvo, Shourov Chatterji, A. Bullington, Rahul Biswas, Drew Keppel, D. Sellers, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, Laura Cadonati, Bastian Schulz, J. Abadie, A. Stroeer, Huan Lin, Z. Márka, David Jones, Ping Koy Lam, S. M. Scott, F. Kawazoe, Simon Chelkowski, A. Effler, Np Zotov, Ilya Mandel, Paul Roberts, Collin Capano, T. P. Bodiya, D. Pathak, Marco Cavaglia, H. Yamamoto, A. Perreca, Peter Wessels, Mark A. Satterthwaite, Peter Aufmuth, T. T. Fricke, K. Kawabe, D. Hoak, R. Grosso, Guenakh Mitselmakher, S. Meshkov, Chad Hanna, John K. Cannizzo, Y. Faltas, S. M. Aston, Patrick Brady, Pablo Barriga, S. S. Y. Chua, M. Born, A. M. Sergeev, K. Mailand, M. Mageswaran, Roberto Conte, V. Raymond, Thomas Nash, A. F. Brooks, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, Scott Koranda, D. Friedrich, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, L. Matone, Richard A. Matzner, S. Ghosh, J. N. Marx, Zhi-Li Zhang, N. A. Lockerbie, C. Zhao, Andrew Ivanov, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, R. Abbott, M. S. Meyer, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, J. Cain, O. Bock, A. Sibley, Rainer Weiss, Vladimir Dergachev, P. Ajith, A. J.R. Weinstein, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, R. W. P. Drever, W. W. Johnson, P. M. Patel, C. Peralta, David Blair, K. L. Dooley, Lisa Barsotti, J. H. Clayton, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, Rana X. Adhikari, Gareth Jones, B. Machenschalk, F. Donovan, J. S. Kissel, B. Moe, I. W. Martin, S. Husa, M. C. Araya, K. Flasch, H. Radkins, S. P. Vyachanin, M. Brinkmann, David Coward, Christian Röver, M. Benacquista, D. S. Rabeling, John D. Scott, R. A. Mercer, Matthew P. Edgar, R. M. Culter, Jesper Munch, M. A. Frei, Jolien D. E. Creighton, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, V. Sandberg, Karsten Danzmann, and J. C. Dumas
Subjects: Physics, Gravitation, Neutron star, Stars, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Pulsar, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Glitch (astronomy), Vela, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Cosmology
Abstract: This paper was published online on 1 February 2011 with an omission in the Collaboration author list. S. Dwyer has been added as of 12 April 2012. The Collaboration author list is incorrect in the printed version of the journal.
Published: 2011

44. Health transition in the Pacific Islands

Author: Paul T. Baker and James R. Bindon
Subjects: Geography, Oceanography, Pacific Rim, Anthropology, Genetics, Anatomy, International Date Line, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 1993

45. Obituary: Edward Eyre Hunt, Jr. (1922–1991)

Author: Paul T. Baker
Subjects: Anthropology, Philosophy, Environmental ethics, History, 20th Century, Anatomy, Obituary, Religious studies, United States, Anthropology, Physical
Published: 1992

46. The Raymond Pearl memorial lecture, 1996: The eternal triangle-genes, phenotype, and environment

Author: Paul T, Baker
Abstract: Attempts to understand the causes for phenotypical differences in the biology and behavior of human populations have tended to focus alternatively on genetic, cultural, and natural environmental variables. The relative narrowness of focus in these studies often impedes the development of research design appropriate to the hypothesis and the process of reaching reasonable conclusions. Past research on native high-altitude populations is used first to illustrate the deficiencies of research based on single variables and errors which can occur in conclusions about causal factors when potential genetic contributions are excluded. Analyses of blood pressure data from Samoan modernization studies are used to illustrate the complexity of determining causality in the development of a pathological condition. The need for better qualified cross-cultural measures is emphasized. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 9:93-101 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 1996

47. Adventures in human population biology

Author: Paul T. Baker
Subjects: Cultural Studies, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Latin Americans, Anthropology, Economics, International Cooperation, Samoa, Population, Developing country, Social Sciences, Modernization theory, Pacific Islands, Polynesia, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Peru, Sociology, Social science, education, Biology, Developing Countries, education.field_of_study, Communication, Research, Biological anthropology, World War II, South America, language.human_language, Leadership, Latin America, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Memoir, language, Samoan, Educational Status, Americas
Abstract: This article is a memoir of anthropologist Paul Baker's professional life. The introduction notes that the field of anthropology was altered by the impact of World War II when physical anthropologists provided vital information to the military. After the war, the GI bill supported the undergraduate and graduate studies of veterans, including Baker. After describing his academic training at the University of New Mexico and Harvard, Baker details his research training and field work in the desert for the US Climatic Research Laboratory and his work identifying the dead in Japan for the Quartermaster unit. Baker then traces his academic career at the Pennsylvania State University during which he directed two multidisciplinary research efforts for the International Biological Programme, one that sought to understand human adaptability at high altitude in Peru and another that studied migration and modernization in Samoa. Baker's last administrative positions were as staff consultant to the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) program and as chair of the US MAB committee. Baker retired from academic life at age 60 in 1987 and has devoted his time to reading and to helping organize professional associations in anthropology, especially those devoted to furthering internationally organized scientific efforts. Baker concludes this memoir by acknowledging the growth and development of the discipline of human population biology.
Published: 1996

48. Blood pressure: Genetic and environmental influences. Human Biology, Special Issue, 71(4)

Author: Paul T. Baker
Subjects: Blood pressure, Evolutionary biology, business.industry, Anthropology, Human biology, Genetics, Anatomy, Biology, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Biotechnology
Published: 2001

49. Migrant studies and their problems

Author: Paul T. Baker
Subjects: education.field_of_study, Isolation (health care), Population, Physical activity, Demographic economics, Nutritional survey, Salt intake, education, Genetic adaptation, Serum cholesterol
Published: 1992

50. Modernization and catecholamine excretion of young Samoan adults

Author: Jay D. Pearson, Paul T. Baker, Joel M. Hanna, and Maureen H. Fitzgerald
Subjects: Adult, Independent State of Samoa, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Epinephrine, Population, Urine, Rural Health, Social Environment, Hawaii, Norepinephrine (medication), Excretion, Norepinephrine, Sex Factors, History and Philosophy of Science, Group differences, Stress, Physiological, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Body Weight, Urban Health, language.human_language, Endocrinology, language, Catecholamine, Samoan, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Urinary catecholamine excretion rates have been used as a cross-culturally valid measure of generalized stress. The purposes of this paper are to examine group differences in catecholamine excretion rates in three Samoan groups who differ in degree of modernization and to compare these findings to rates of norepinephrine and epinephrine excretion in other populations. In 1986-1987, 24-hr urine samples were collected from 18-37-year-old Samoans; 46 rural Western Samoan villagers, 53 American Samoans, and 49 Samoans residing in Honolulu. The results show that norepinephrine excretion is significantly higher in more modernized Samoan groups (P less than 0.05), while epinephrine excretion is not significantly different in the three groups. The higher norepinephrine excretion rate in the more modernized Samoan groups may be related to differences in relative work load associated with changes in body weight, work capacity, and work patterns which accompany modernization. Samoan epinephrine excretion rates are relatively high compared to the results of other population studies, while norepinephrine excretion in three Samoan samples ranged from among the lowest rates observed worldwide to among the highest.
Published: 1990

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

106 results on '"Paul T. Baker"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources