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1. The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture: A Current Global Perspective

Author

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Sarà, G. [0000-0002-7658-5274], Mangano, M. C. [0000-0001-6980-9834], Berlino, M. [0000-0003-0539-7345], Corbari, L. [0000-0001-8517-8526], Lucchese, M. [0000-0001-8037-7438], Milisenda, G. [0000-0003-1334-9749], Terzo, S. [0000-0001-5524-5425], Azaza, M. S. [0000-0002-9926-1205], Babarro, José M. F. [0000-0001-6352-1944], Bakiu, R. [0000-0002-9613-4606], Broitman, B. R. [0000-0001-6582-3188], Buschmann, A. H. [0000-0003-3246-681X], Christofoletti, R. [0000-0002-2168-9527], Deidun, A. [0000-0002-6919-5374], Dong, Y. [0000-0003-4550-2322], Galdies, J. [0000-0001-6022-360X], Glamuzina, B. [0000-0002-5066-4599], Luthman, O. [0000-0002-6227-8484], Makridis, P. [0000-0002-0265-4070], Nogueira, A. J. A. [0000-0001-7089-2508], Palomo, M. G. [0000-0002-9102-1282], Dineshram, R. [0000-0002-6723-4587], Rilov, G. [0000-0002-1334-4887], Sánchez-Jerez, P. [0000-0003-4047-238X], Sevgili, H. [0000-0001-8274-7391], Troell, M. [0000-0002-7509-8140], AbouelFadl, K. Y. [0000-0002-4585-833X], Azra, M. N. [0000-0001-9333-9270], Britz, P. [0000-0002-4436-0425], Brugere, C. [0000-0002-1412-1044], Carrington, Emily [0000-0001-8741-4828], Celić, I. [0000-0002-3438-3690], Choi, F. [0000-0003-4389-8087], Qin, C. [0000-0002-3073-1563], Dobroslavić, T. [0000-0003-3805-3186], Galli, P. [0000-0002-6065-8192], Giannetto, D. [0000-0002-3895-5553], Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H. [0000-0001-7598-038X], Lim, P. T. [0000-0003-2823-0564], Liu, Y. [0000-0001-6520-4854], Llorens, S. M. [0000-0002-9824-3267], Maricchiolo, G. [0000-0002-5670-6243], Mirto, S. [0000-0003-4707-7307], Pećarević, M. [0000-0003-4665-2103], Ragg, N. [0000-0002-5466-4617], Ravagnan, E. [0000-0002-9724-3660], Saidi, D. [0000-0001-6382-8073], Shaltout, M. [0000-0002-0429-3029], Solidoro, C. [0000-0003-2354-4302], Tan, S. H. [0000-0001-8690-047X], Thiyagarajan, V. [0000-0002-2062-4799], Helmuth, B. [0000-0003-0180-3414], Sarà, Gianluca, Mangano, Maria Cristina, Berlino, Manuel, Corbari, L., Lucchese, M., Milisenda, G., Terzo, S., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, José M. F., Bakiu, Rigers, Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, Alejandro H., Christofoletti, R., Deidun, A., Dong, Y., Galdies, J., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, Pavlos, Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Rilov, Gil, Sánchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, M., AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Brugere, C., Carrington, Emily, Celić, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dobroslavic, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J. H., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, Po Teen, Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Maricchiolo, G., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Solidoro, Cosimo, Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., Helmuth, B., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Sarà, G. [0000-0002-7658-5274], Mangano, M. C. [0000-0001-6980-9834], Berlino, M. [0000-0003-0539-7345], Corbari, L. [0000-0001-8517-8526], Lucchese, M. [0000-0001-8037-7438], Milisenda, G. [0000-0003-1334-9749], Terzo, S. [0000-0001-5524-5425], Azaza, M. S. [0000-0002-9926-1205], Babarro, José M. F. [0000-0001-6352-1944], Bakiu, R. [0000-0002-9613-4606], Broitman, B. R. [0000-0001-6582-3188], Buschmann, A. H. [0000-0003-3246-681X], Christofoletti, R. [0000-0002-2168-9527], Deidun, A. [0000-0002-6919-5374], Dong, Y. [0000-0003-4550-2322], Galdies, J. [0000-0001-6022-360X], Glamuzina, B. [0000-0002-5066-4599], Luthman, O. [0000-0002-6227-8484], Makridis, P. [0000-0002-0265-4070], Nogueira, A. J. A. [0000-0001-7089-2508], Palomo, M. G. [0000-0002-9102-1282], Dineshram, R. [0000-0002-6723-4587], Rilov, G. [0000-0002-1334-4887], Sánchez-Jerez, P. [0000-0003-4047-238X], Sevgili, H. [0000-0001-8274-7391], Troell, M. [0000-0002-7509-8140], AbouelFadl, K. Y. [0000-0002-4585-833X], Azra, M. N. [0000-0001-9333-9270], Britz, P. [0000-0002-4436-0425], Brugere, C. [0000-0002-1412-1044], Carrington, Emily [0000-0001-8741-4828], Celić, I. [0000-0002-3438-3690], Choi, F. [0000-0003-4389-8087], Qin, C. [0000-0002-3073-1563], Dobroslavić, T. [0000-0003-3805-3186], Galli, P. [0000-0002-6065-8192], Giannetto, D. [0000-0002-3895-5553], Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H. [0000-0001-7598-038X], Lim, P. T. [0000-0003-2823-0564], Liu, Y. [0000-0001-6520-4854], Llorens, S. M. [0000-0002-9824-3267], Maricchiolo, G. [0000-0002-5670-6243], Mirto, S. [0000-0003-4707-7307], Pećarević, M. [0000-0003-4665-2103], Ragg, N. [0000-0002-5466-4617], Ravagnan, E. [0000-0002-9724-3660], Saidi, D. [0000-0001-6382-8073], Shaltout, M. [0000-0002-0429-3029], Solidoro, C. [0000-0003-2354-4302], Tan, S. H. [0000-0001-8690-047X], Thiyagarajan, V. [0000-0002-2062-4799], Helmuth, B. [0000-0003-0180-3414], Sarà, Gianluca, Mangano, Maria Cristina, Berlino, Manuel, Corbari, L., Lucchese, M., Milisenda, G., Terzo, S., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, José M. F., Bakiu, Rigers, Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, Alejandro H., Christofoletti, R., Deidun, A., Dong, Y., Galdies, J., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, Pavlos, Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Rilov, Gil, Sánchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, M., AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Brugere, C., Carrington, Emily, Celić, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dobroslavic, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J. H., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, Po Teen, Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Maricchiolo, G., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Solidoro, Cosimo, Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., and Helmuth, B.

Abstract

The rapid, global spread of COVID-19, and the measures intended to limit or slow its propagation, are having major impacts on diverse sectors of society. Notably, these impacts are occurring in the context of other anthropogenic-driven threats including global climate change. Both anthropogenic stressors and the COVID-19 pandemic represent significant economic challenges to aquaculture systems across the globe, threatening the supply chain of one of the most important sources of animal protein, with potential disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities. A web survey was conducted in 47 countries in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to assess how aquaculture activities have been affected by the pandemic, and to explore how these impacts compare to those from climate change. A positive correlation between the effects of the two categories of drivers was detected, but analysis suggests that the pandemic and the anthropogenic stressors affect different parts of the supply chain. The immediate measurable reported losses varied with aquaculture typology (land vs. marine, and intensive vs. extensive). A comparably lower impact on farmers reporting the use of integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) methods suggests that IMTA might enhance resilience to multiple stressors by providing different market options under the COVID-19 pandemic. Results emphasize the importance of assessing detrimental effects of COVID-19 under a multiple stressor lens, focusing on areas that have already locally experienced economic loss due to anthropogenic stressors in the last decade. Holistic policies that simultaneously address other ongoing anthropogenic stressors, rather than focusing solely on the acute impacts of COVID-19, are needed to maximize the long-term resilience of the aquaculture sector.

Published
2022

2. The aquaculture supply chain in the time of covid-19 pandemic : Vulnerability, resilience, solutions and priorities at the global scale

Author

Mangano, M. C., Berlino, M., Corbari, L., Milisenda, G., Lucchese, M., Terzo, S., Bosch-Belmar, M., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, J. M. F., Bakiu, R., Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, A. H., Christofoletti, R., Dong, Y., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, P., Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, Max, AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Carrington, E., Celić, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dionísio, M. A., Dobroslavić, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J. H., Helmuth, B., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, P. T., Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Pita, C., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., Sarà, G., Mangano, M. C., Berlino, M., Corbari, L., Milisenda, G., Lucchese, M., Terzo, S., Bosch-Belmar, M., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, J. M. F., Bakiu, R., Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, A. H., Christofoletti, R., Dong, Y., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, P., Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, Max, AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Carrington, E., Celić, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dionísio, M. A., Dobroslavić, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J. H., Helmuth, B., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, P. T., Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Pita, C., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., and Sarà, G.

Abstract

The COVID-19 global pandemic has had severe, unpredictable and synchronous impacts on all levels of perishable food supply chains (PFSC), across multiple sectors and spatial scales. Aquaculture plays a vital and rapidly expanding role in food security, in some cases overtaking wild caught fisheries in the production of high quality animal protein in this PFSC. We performed a rapid global assessment to evaluate the effects of the COVID19 pandemic and related emerging control measures on the aquaculture supply chain. Socio-economic effects of the pandemic were analysed by surveying the perceptions of stakeholders, who were asked to describe potential supply-side disruption, vulnerabilities and resilience patterns along the production pipeline with four main supply chain components: a) hatchery, b) production/processing, c) distribution/logistics and d) market. We also assessed different farming strategies, comparing land-vs. sea-based systems; extensive vs. intensive methods; and with and without integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, IMTA. In addition to evaluating levels and sources of economic distress, interviewees were asked to identify mitigation solutions adopted at local / internal (i.e., farm site) scales, and to express their preference on national / external scale mitigation measures among a set of a priori options. Survey responses identified the potential causes of disruption, ripple effects, sources of food insecurity, and socio-economic conflicts. They also pointed to various levels of mitigation strategies. The collated evidence represents a first baseline useful to address future disaster-driven responses, to reinforce the resilience of the sector and to facilitate the design reconstruction plans and mitigation measures, such as financial aid strategies.

Published
2022
Full Text
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3. The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture : A Current Global Perspective

Author

Sarà, G., Mangano, M. C., Berlino, M., Corbari, L., Lucchese, M., Milisenda, G., Terzo, S., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, J. M. F., Bakiu, R., Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, A. H., Christofoletti, R., Deidun, A., Dong, Y., Galdies, J., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, P., Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Rilov, G., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, Max, AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Brugere, C., Carrington, E., Celić, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dobroslavić, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, P. T., Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Maricchiolo, G., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Solidoro, C., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., Helmuth, B., Sarà, G., Mangano, M. C., Berlino, M., Corbari, L., Lucchese, M., Milisenda, G., Terzo, S., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, J. M. F., Bakiu, R., Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, A. H., Christofoletti, R., Deidun, A., Dong, Y., Galdies, J., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, P., Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Rilov, G., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, Max, AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Brugere, C., Carrington, E., Celić, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dobroslavić, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, P. T., Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Maricchiolo, G., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Solidoro, C., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., and Helmuth, B.

Abstract

The rapid, global spread of COVID-19, and the measures intended to limit or slow its propagation, are having major impacts on diverse sectors of society. Notably, these impacts are occurring in the context of other anthropogenic-driven threats including global climate change. Both anthropogenic stressors and the COVID-19 pandemic represent significant economic challenges to aquaculture systems across the globe, threatening the supply chain of one of the most important sources of animal protein, with potential disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities. A web survey was conducted in 47 countries in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to assess how aquaculture activities have been affected by the pandemic, and to explore how these impacts compare to those from climate change. A positive correlation between the effects of the two categories of drivers was detected, but analysis suggests that the pandemic and the anthropogenic stressors affect different parts of the supply chain. The immediate measurable reported losses varied with aquaculture typology (land vs. marine, and intensive vs. extensive). A comparably lower impact on farmers reporting the use of integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) methods suggests that IMTA might enhance resilience to multiple stressors by providing different market options under the COVID-19 pandemic. Results emphasize the importance of assessing detrimental effects of COVID-19 under a multiple stressor lens, focusing on areas that have already locally experienced economic loss due to anthropogenic stressors in the last decade. Holistic policies that simultaneously address other ongoing anthropogenic stressors, rather than focusing solely on the acute impacts of COVID-19, are needed to maximize the long-term resilience of the aquaculture sector.

Published
2022
Full Text
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4. The aquaculture supply chain in the time of covid-19 pandemic: Vulnerability, resilience, solutions and priorities at the global scale

Author

European Commission, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Mangano, Maria Cristina, Berlino, Manuel, Corbari, L., Milisenda, G., Lucchese, M., Terzo, S., Bosch-Belmar, M., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, José M. F., Bakiu, Rigers, Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, Alejandro H., Christofoletti, R., Dong, Y., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, Pavlos, Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Sánchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, M., AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Carrington, Emily, Celić, I., Choi, F., Chuanxin, Q., Dionísio, M. A., Dobroslavic, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J. H., Helmuth, B., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, Po Teen, Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Pita, Cristina, Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., Sarà, Gianluca, European Commission, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Mangano, Maria Cristina, Berlino, Manuel, Corbari, L., Milisenda, G., Lucchese, M., Terzo, S., Bosch-Belmar, M., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, José M. F., Bakiu, Rigers, Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, Alejandro H., Christofoletti, R., Dong, Y., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, Pavlos, Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Sánchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, M., AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Carrington, Emily, Celić, I., Choi, F., Chuanxin, Q., Dionísio, M. A., Dobroslavic, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J. H., Helmuth, B., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, Po Teen, Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Pita, Cristina, Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., and Sarà, Gianluca

Abstract

The COVID-19 global pandemic has had severe, unpredictable and synchronous impacts on all levels of perishable food supply chains (PFSC), across multiple sectors and spatial scales. Aquaculture plays a vital and rapidly expanding role in food security, in some cases overtaking wild caught fisheries in the production of high-quality animal protein in this PFSC. We performed a rapid global assessment to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and related emerging control measures on the aquaculture supply chain. Socio-economic effects of the pandemic were analysed by surveying the perceptions of stakeholders, who were asked to describe potential supply-side disruption, vulnerabilities and resilience patterns along the production pipeline with four main supply chain components: a) hatchery, b) production/processing, c) distribution/logistics and d) market. We also assessed different farming strategies, comparing land- vs. sea-based systems; extensive vs. intensive methods; and with and without integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, IMTA. In addition to evaluating levels and sources of economic distress, interviewees were asked to identify mitigation solutions adopted at local / internal (i.e., farm-site) scales, and to express their preference on national / external scale mitigation measures among a set of a priori options. Survey responses identified the potential causes of disruption, ripple effects, sources of food insecurity, and socio-economic conflicts. They also pointed to various levels of mitigation strategies. The collated evidence represents a first baseline useful to address future disaster-driven responses, to reinforce the resilience of the sector and to facilitate the design reconstruction plans and mitigation measures, such as financial aid strategies

Published
2022

6. The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture: A Current Global Perspective

Author

Sarà, G., primary, Mangano, M. C., additional, Berlino, M., additional, Corbari, L., additional, Lucchese, M., additional, Milisenda, G., additional, Terzo, S., additional, Azaza, M. S., additional, Babarro, J. M. F., additional, Bakiu, R., additional, Broitman, B. R., additional, Buschmann, A. H., additional, Christofoletti, R., additional, Deidun, A., additional, Dong, Y., additional, Galdies, J., additional, Glamuzina, B., additional, Luthman, O., additional, Makridis, P., additional, Nogueira, A. J. A., additional, Palomo, M. G., additional, Dineshram, R., additional, Rilov, G., additional, Sanchez-Jerez, P., additional, Sevgili, H., additional, Troell, M., additional, AbouelFadl, K. Y., additional, Azra, M. N., additional, Britz, P., additional, Brugere, C., additional, Carrington, E., additional, Celić, I., additional, Choi, F., additional, Qin, C., additional, Dobroslavić, T., additional, Galli, P., additional, Giannetto, D., additional, Grabowski, J., additional, Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., additional, Lim, P. T., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Llorens, S. M., additional, Maricchiolo, G., additional, Mirto, S., additional, Pećarević, M., additional, Ragg, N., additional, Ravagnan, E., additional, Saidi, D., additional, Schultz, K., additional, Shaltout, M., additional, Solidoro, C., additional, Tan, S. H., additional, Thiyagarajan, V., additional, and Helmuth, B., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
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7. The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture: A Current Global Perspective

Author

Sar��, G., Mangano, M. C., Berlino, M., Corbari, L., Lucchese, M., Milisenda, G., Terzo, S., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, J. M. F., Bakiu, R., Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, A. H., Christofoletti, R., Deidun, A., Dong, Y., Galdies, J., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, P., Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Rilov, G., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, M., AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Brugere, C., Carrington, E., Celi��, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dobroslavi��, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, P. T., Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Maricchiolo, G., Mirto, S., Pe��arevi��, M., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Solidoro, C., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., and Helmuth, B.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 14. Life underwater
Abstract

The rapid, global spread of COVID-19, and the measures intended to limit or slow its propagation, are having major impacts on diverse sectors of society. Notably, these impacts are occurring in the context of other anthropogenic-driven threats including global climate change. Both anthropogenic stressors and the COVID-19 pandemic represent significant economic challenges to aquaculture systems across the globe, threatening the supply chain of one of the most important sources of animal protein, with potential disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities. A web survey was conducted in 47 countries in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to assess how aquaculture activities have been affected by the pandemic, and to explore how these impacts compare to those from climate change. A positive correlation between the effects of the two categories of drivers was detected, but analysis suggests that the pandemic and the anthropogenic stressors affect different parts of the supply chain. The immediate measurable reported losses varied with aquaculture typology (land vs. marine, and intensive vs. extensive). A comparably lower impact on farmers reporting the use of integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) methods suggests that IMTA might enhance resilience to multiple stressors by providing different market options under the COVID-19 pandemic. Results emphasize the importance of assessing detrimental effects of COVID-19 under a multiple stressor lens, focusing on areas that have already locally experienced economic loss due to anthropogenic stressors in the last decade. Holistic policies that simultaneously address other ongoing anthropogenic stressors, rather than focusing solely on the acute impacts of COVID-19, are needed to maximize the long-term resilience of the aquaculture sector.

8. The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture: A Current Global Perspective

Author

Sar��, G., Mangano, M. C., Berlino, M., Corbari, L., Lucchese, M., Milisenda, G., Terzo, S., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, J. M. F., Bakiu, R., Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, A. H., Christofoletti, R., Deidun, A., Dong, Y., Galdies, J., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, P., Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Rilov, G., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, M., AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Brugere, C., Carrington, E., Celi��, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dobroslavi��, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Grabowski, J., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, P. T., Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Maricchiolo, G., Mirto, S., Pe��arevi��, M., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Schultz, K., Shaltout, M., Solidoro, C., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., and Helmuth, B.

Subjects
14. Life underwater
Abstract

The rapid, global spread of COVID-19, and the measures intended to limit or slow its propagation, are having major impacts on diverse sectors of society. Notably, these impacts are occurring in the context of other anthropogenic-driven threats including global climate change. Both anthropogenic stressors and the COVID-19 pandemic represent significant economic challenges to aquaculture systems across the globe, threatening the supply chain of one of the most important sources of animal protein, with potential disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities. A web survey was conducted in 47 countries in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to assess how aquaculture activities have been affected by the pandemic, and to explore how these impacts compare to those from climate change. A positive correlation between the effects of the two categories of drivers was detected, but analysis suggests that the pandemic and the anthropogenic stressors affect different parts of the supply chain. The immediate measurable reported losses varied with aquaculture typology (land vs. marine, and intensive vs. extensive). A comparably lower impact on farmers reporting the use of integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) methods suggests that IMTA might enhance resilience to multiple stressors by providing different market options under the COVID-19 pandemic. Results emphasize the importance of assessing detrimental effects of COVID-19 under a multiple stressor lens, focusing on areas that have already locally experienced economic loss due to anthropogenic stressors in the last decade. Holistic policies that simultaneously address other ongoing anthropogenic stressors, rather than focusing solely on the acute impacts of COVID-19, are needed to maximize the long-term resilience of the aquaculture sector.

9. The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture: A Current Global Perspective

Author

Ronaldo Adriano Christofoletti, Giacomo Milisenda, Daniela Giannetto, Vengatesen Thiyagarajan, Cosimo Solidoro, P. Makridis, Brian Helmuth, Mohamad N. Azra, Mohamed Shaltout, Giulia Maricchiolo, Rigers Bakiu, L. Corbari, Max Troell, P. Galli, S. Terzo, R. Dineshram, Maria Cristina Mangano, Khaled Y. AbouelFadl, H. Sevgili, C. Qin, E. Ravagnan, T. Dobroslavić, S. M. Llorens, Branko Glamuzina, Yunwei Dong, M. Berlino, M. S. Azaza, Bernardo R. Broitman, Po Teen Lim, Emily Carrington, J. Galdies, Igor Celić, Jonathan H. Grabowski, K. Schultz, Simone Mirto, Alan Deidun, M. Pećarević, S. H. Tan, Cecile Brugere, P. Britz, Gianluca Sarà, P. Sanchez-Jerez, D. Saidi, M. G. Palomo, M. Lucchese, N. Ragg, Alejandro H. Buschmann, Francis Choi, Gil Rilov, António J.A. Nogueira, M. J. H. Lebata-Ramos, Y. Liu, José M. F. Babarro, O. Luthman, Sara' G., Mangano M.C., Berlino M., Corbari L., Lucchese M., Milisenda G., Terzo S., Azaza M.S., Babarro J.M.F., Bakiu R., Broitman B.R., Buschmann A.H., Christofoletti R., Deidun A., Dong Y., Galdies J., Glamuzina B., Luthman O., Makridis P., Nogueira A.J.A., Palomo M.G., Dineshram R., Rilov G., Sanchez-Jerez P., Sevgili H., Troell M., AbouelFadl K.Y., Azra M.N., Britz P., Brugere C., Carrington E., Celic I., Choi F., Qin C., Dobroslavic T., Galli P., Giannetto D., Grabowski J., Lebata-Ramos M.J.H., Lim P.T., Liu Y., Llorens S.M., Maricchiolo G., Mirto S., Pecarevic M., Ragg N., Ravagnan E., Saidi D., Schultz K., Shaltout M., Solidoro C., Tan S.H., Thiyagarajan V., Helmuth B., MÜ, Fen Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, Giannetto, Daniela, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Biología Marina, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Sarà, G., Mangano, M. C., Berlino, M., Corbari, L., Lucchese, M., Milisenda, G., Terzo, S., Azaza, M. S., Babarro, José M. F., Bakiu, R., Broitman, B. R., Buschmann, A. H., Christofoletti, R., Deidun, A., Dong, Y., Galdies, J., Glamuzina, B., Luthman, O., Makridis, P., Nogueira, A. J. A., Palomo, M. G., Dineshram, R., Rilov, G., Sánchez-Jerez, P., Sevgili, H., Troell, M., AbouelFadl, K. Y., Azra, M. N., Britz, P., Brugere, C., Carrington, Emily, Celić, I., Choi, F., Qin, C., Dobroslavić, T., Galli, P., Giannetto, D., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Lim, P. T., Liu, Y., Llorens, S. M., Maricchiolo, G., Mirto, S., Pećarević, M., Ragg, N., Ravagnan, E., Saidi, D., Shaltout, M., Solidoro, C., Tan, S. H., Thiyagarajan, V., Helmuth, B., Sarà, G. [0000-0002-7658-5274], Mangano, M. C. [0000-0001-6980-9834], Berlino, M. [0000-0003-0539-7345], Corbari, L. [0000-0001-8517-8526], Lucchese, M. [0000-0001-8037-7438], Milisenda, G. [0000-0003-1334-9749], Terzo, S. [0000-0001-5524-5425], Azaza, M. S. [0000-0002-9926-1205], Babarro, José M. F. [0000-0001-6352-1944], Bakiu, R. [0000-0002-9613-4606], Broitman, B. R. [0000-0001-6582-3188], Buschmann, A. H. [0000-0003-3246-681X], Christofoletti, R. [0000-0002-2168-9527], Deidun, A. [0000-0002-6919-5374], Dong, Y. [0000-0003-4550-2322], Galdies, J. [0000-0001-6022-360X], Glamuzina, B. [0000-0002-5066-4599], Luthman, O. [0000-0002-6227-8484], Makridis, P. [0000-0002-0265-4070], Nogueira, A. J. A. [0000-0001-7089-2508], Palomo, M. G. [0000-0002-9102-1282], Dineshram, R. [0000-0002-6723-4587], Rilov, G. [0000-0002-1334-4887], Sánchez-Jerez, P. [0000-0003-4047-238X], Sevgili, H. [0000-0001-8274-7391], Troell, M. [0000-0002-7509-8140], AbouelFadl, K. Y. [0000-0002-4585-833X], Azra, M. N. [0000-0001-9333-9270], Britz, P. [0000-0002-4436-0425], Brugere, C. [0000-0002-1412-1044], Carrington, Emily [0000-0001-8741-4828], Celić, I. [0000-0002-3438-3690], Choi, F. [0000-0003-4389-8087], Qin, C. [0000-0002-3073-1563], Dobroslavić, T. [0000-0003-3805-3186], Galli, P. [0000-0002-6065-8192], Giannetto, D. [0000-0002-3895-5553], Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H. [0000-0001-7598-038X], Lim, P. T. [0000-0003-2823-0564], Liu, Y. [0000-0001-6520-4854], Llorens, S. M. [0000-0002-9824-3267], Maricchiolo, G. [0000-0002-5670-6243], Mirto, S. [0000-0003-4707-7307], Pećarević, M. [0000-0003-4665-2103], Ragg, N. [0000-0002-5466-4617], Ravagnan, E. [0000-0002-9724-3660], Saidi, D. [0000-0001-6382-8073], Shaltout, M. [0000-0002-0429-3029], Solidoro, C. [0000-0003-2354-4302], Tan, S. H. [0000-0001-8690-047X], Thiyagarajan, V. [0000-0002-2062-4799], and Helmuth, B. [0000-0003-0180-3414]

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Natural resource economics, Socio-ecological systems, vulnerability, Vulnerability, SARS (Disease), 01 natural sciences, Food security -- Case studies, Stakeholder perceptions, COVID-19 (Disease), Aquaculture, food insecurity, Stakeholder, Perceptions, Climate change, Zoología, stakeholders perceptions, 2. Zero hunger, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, SARS-COV2-pandemic, multiple stressors, Food insecurity, climate change, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), socio-ecological system, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, 14. Life underwater, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, supply chain, stakeholder perceptions, socioecological systems, Multiple stressors, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, Perspective (graphical), Stressor, climate change, food insecurity, multiple stressors, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, socio-ecological systems, stakeholder perceptions, supply chain, vulnerability, Socioecological systems, Vulnerability model of recovery, Climatic changes, Supply chain, 13. Climate action, 040102 fisheries, Business logistics -- Case studies, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, business
Abstract

13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables.-- This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License, The rapid, global spread of COVID-19, and the measures intended to limit or slow its propagation, are having major impacts on diverse sectors of society. Notably, these impacts are occurring in the context of other anthropogenic-driven threats including global climate change. Both anthropogenic stressors and the COVID-19 pandemic represent significant economic challenges to aquaculture systems across the globe, threatening the supply chain of one of the most important sources of animal protein, with potential disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities. A web survey was conducted in 47 countries in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to assess how aquaculture activities have been affected by the pandemic, and to explore how these impacts compare to those from climate change. A positive correlation between the effects of the two categories of drivers was detected, but analysis suggests that the pandemic and the anthropogenic stressors affect different parts of the supply chain. The immediate measurable reported losses varied with aquaculture typology (land vs. marine, and intensive vs. extensive). A comparably lower impact on farmers reporting the use of integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) methods suggests that IMTA might enhance resilience to multiple stressors by providing different market options under the COVID-19 pandemic. Results emphasize the importance of assessing detrimental effects of COVID-19 under a multiple stressor lens, focusing on areas that have already locally experienced economic loss due to anthropogenic stressors in the last decade. Holistic policies that simultaneously address other ongoing anthropogenic stressors, rather than focusing solely on the acute impacts of COVID-19, are needed to maximize the long-term resilience of the aquaculture sector., The Open Access publication of the MS was funded by M. Cristina Mangano FOE N. 418 at Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (personal OA publication fund). People at Laboratory of Ecology have been found by the PRIN-MAHRES project (Ministry of Italian Research; MUR) 2017MHHWBN_003 Linea C and by the HARMONY Project Italy-Malta 2016 (grant C1-3.1-31) funded by the Sicilian Region and Maltese Government. A. Nogueira thanks FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020), through national funds. J.M.F. Babarro thanks project PID2019-106008RB-C21 for support through Spanish Government funds

Published
2022

10. The aquaculture supply chain in the time of covid-19 pandemic: Vulnerability, resilience, solutions and priorities at the global scale.

Author

Mangano MC, Berlino M, Corbari L, Milisenda G, Lucchese M, Terzo S, Bosch-Belmar M, Azaza MS, Babarro JMF, Bakiu R, Broitman BR, Buschmann AH, Christofoletti R, Dong Y, Glamuzina B, Luthman O, Makridis P, Nogueira AJA, Palomo MG, Dineshram R, Sanchez-Jerez P, Sevgili H, Troell M, AbouelFadl KY, Azra MN, Britz P, Carrington E, Celić I, Choi F, Qin C, Dionísio MA, Dobroslavić T, Galli P, Giannetto D, Grabowski JH, Helmuth B, Lebata-Ramos MJH, Lim PT, Liu Y, Llorens SM, Mirto S, Pećarević M, Pita C, Ragg N, Ravagnan E, Saidi D, Schultz K, Shaltout M, Tan SH, Thiyagarajan V, and Sarà G

Abstract

The COVID-19 global pandemic has had severe, unpredictable and synchronous impacts on all levels of perishable food supply chains (PFSC), across multiple sectors and spatial scales. Aquaculture plays a vital and rapidly expanding role in food security, in some cases overtaking wild caught fisheries in the production of high-quality animal protein in this PFSC. We performed a rapid global assessment to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and related emerging control measures on the aquaculture supply chain. Socio-economic effects of the pandemic were analysed by surveying the perceptions of stakeholders, who were asked to describe potential supply-side disruption, vulnerabilities and resilience patterns along the production pipeline with four main supply chain components: a) hatchery, b) production/processing, c) distribution/logistics and d) market. We also assessed different farming strategies, comparing land- vs. sea-based systems; extensive vs. intensive methods; and with and without integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, IMTA. In addition to evaluating levels and sources of economic distress, interviewees were asked to identify mitigation solutions adopted at local / internal ( i.e., farm-site) scales, and to express their preference on national / external scale mitigation measures among a set of a priori options. Survey responses identified the potential causes of disruption, ripple effects, sources of food insecurity, and socio-economic conflicts. They also pointed to various levels of mitigation strategies. The collated evidence represents a first baseline useful to address future disaster-driven responses, to reinforce the resilience of the sector and to facilitate the design reconstruction plans and mitigation measures, such as financial aid strategies., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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