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21. Palmanura sernai Palacios-Vargas & Simón-Benito, 2009 Type locality. Locality 15 (Palacios-Vargas & Simón-Benito 2009: 266). Records from Colombia. Locality 15 and 20 (Palacios-Vargas & Simón-Benito 2009: 266; Arango et al. 2018: 143). Distribution. Endemic from Colombia (Arango et al. 2018; Mari-Mutt et al. 1997 –2023; Bellinger et al. 1996 – 2023)., Published as part of Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, 2023, An updated catalogue of the Collembola (Hexapoda) from Colombia and a perspective for unexplored richness, pp. 499-520 in Zootaxa 5293 (3) on page 509, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5293.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7961407, {"references":["Arango, A., Palacios-Vargas, J. G., Vazquez, M. & Marin, E. P. (2018) Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini). Zootaxa, 4483 (1), 128 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4483.1.5","Mari-Mutt, J. A., Bellinger, P. F. & Janssens, F. (1997 - 2023) Checklist of the Collembola: Supplement to the Catalog of the Neotropical Collembola. Available from: http: // www. collembola. org / publicat / neotrcat. htm (accessed 18 September 2022)","Bellinger, P. F., Christiansen, K. A. & Janssens, F. (1996 - 2023) Checklist of the Collembola of the World. Available from: http: // www. collembola. org. (accessed 9 March 2022)"]}

Palmanura contrerasi Palacios-Vargas & Arango, sp. nov. FIgS 12–21, TAbS 5–6 Type material. HOLOTyPE: fEMALE ON SLIdE. PARATyPES: 2 fEMALES ON SLIdES. Type locality. MÉXICO, OAxAcA, SANTA CRUz (IxTLáN dE JUáREz), 2550 M A.S. L., 01.V.2006, LEg. A. BERNAL ROjAS. Description. LENgTh (N = 3) 571–798 µM. WhITE. GRANULATIONS MOdERATELy cOARSE, AbOUT hALf ThE SIzE Of ONE EyE. TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. MOST dORSAL MAcROSETAE PALMATE (PM) (22 µM) ExcEPT fOR ThOSE Of LATERAL TUbERcLE (L), whIch ARE MAcROSETAE bARbULATE (BM) (27 µM), ThE SENSORIAL SETAE (S) (25 µM), vENTER wITh MIcROSETAE (M) (14 µM). ANT I wITh SEvEN SETAE, ONE dORSAL PALMATE ANd ONE SLIghTLy bARbULATE (FIgS 12, 15 ANd 19); ANT II wITh 9 SMOOTh SETAE, MOST Of ThEM ON vENTRAL SURfAcE. ANT III wITh 14 SETAE, SENSORIAL ORgAN wITh TwO gLObULAR MIcROSENSILLA IN A cUTIcULAR fOLd, ANd TwO gUARd SENSILLA. S.g.v SINUOUS, qUESTION MARk ShAPEd, ONE vENTRO–ExTERNAL MIcROSENSILLUM. ANT IV TyPIcAL fOR ThE gENUS wITh S7 hyPERTROPhIEd ANd NO APIcAL bULb (FIg. 12). EyES 2 + 2 wITh bLAck PIgMENT ANd ONLy SETA OcM (FIgS 14, 20). MANdIbLES wITh 2 TEETh, MAxILLAE STyLIfORM. HEAd wITh cLyPEAL, ANTENOfRONTAL, OcULAR, DI ANd DE TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. LAbRUM wITh 4/2, 2 SETAE. LAbIUM TyPIcAL fOR ThE gENUS. HEAd chAETOTAxy AS IN FIgS 13, 19 ANd TAb. 5. COxAE I– III wITh 3, 7, 8 SETAE; TROchANTERS wITh 5, 6, 6; fEMORA wITh 12, 11, 11; TIbIOTARSI I, II ANd III wIThOUT TENENT hAIRS, wITh 18, 18, ANd 19 SETAE RESPEcTIvELy. UNgUIS UNTOOThEd. ThORAcIc ANd AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIgS 13, 16 ANd 18. ThE TOTAL bOdy chAETOTAxy IS ShOwN IN TAbS 5 ANd 6. VENTRAL SETAE fOR dEMISTERNITE ARE: 3 POSTLAbIAL, 5 cEPhALIc, 4 IN vENTRAL TUbE, 3 VE ON Ab. II; fOUR SUbEqUAL ON fURcAL TUbERcLE ANd 3 VE (FIg. 21); Abd. IV ANd V IN FIg. 21 ANd TAb. 6. FEMALE gENITAL PLATE wITh 3 + 3 PREgENITAL SETAE, 5–9 gENITAL ANd 2 EUgENITAL SETAE. EAch ANAL TUbERcLE wITh 10 SETAE + ONE SETULA. VENTRAL AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIgS 17 ANd 21. Etymology. ThIS SPEcIES IS dEdIcATEd TO DR. ATILANO CONTRERAS RAMOS, fROM ThE INSTITUTE Of BIOLOgy (UNAM) fOR bEINg ThE fIRST MExIcAN cOLLEMbOLOgIST INTERESTEd IN AqUATIc COLLEMbOLA. Remarks. Palmanura contrerasi sp. nov. ANd Palmanura pascuali PALAcIOS-VARgAS, 1996, ARE vERy SIMILAR fOR ThE STRONg REdUcTION Of cEPhALIc chAETOTAxy, ThEy hAvE ThE SAME NUMbER Of SETAE, bUT ThEIR ShAPE IS vERy dIffERENT, P. contrerasi sp. nov. hAS A PALMATE SETA F ANd OcM, ANd IN P. pascuali ThOSE SETAE ARE bARbULATE ANd MORE AbUNdANT chAETOTAxy ON ThE LATERAL TUbERcLES Of ThE bOdy. ThE NEw SPEcIES IS ALSO SIMILAR TO P. guilleni fOR ThE STRONg REdUcTION Of cEPhALIc chAETOTAxy, bUT MAIN dIffERENcES AMONg ThE ThREE SPEcIES ARE IN AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy (TAb. 13). Variation. ONE cASE Of ASyMMETRy wAS fOUNd IN ThE LATERAL SETAE Of Abd I, BM + M ON ONE SIdE ANd ONLy BM ON ThE OThER SIdE. ONE PALMATE bIfId SETA wAS fOUNd IN ThIRd AbdOMINAL SEgMENT ON DI TUbERcLE. SMALL vARIATION IN ThE gENITAL SETAE Of ThE PLATE Of ThE fEMALE wAS ALSO NOTEd.

Palmanura axelretanai Palacios-Vargas & Arango, sp. nov. FIgS 22–26, TAbS 7–8 Type material. HOLOTyPE: fEMALE. PARATyPES: 2 fEMALES. Type locality. COSTA RICA, TURRIALbA, FOREST cLOSE TO CATIE, Ex LITTER, 18.VII.2010, LEg. J. G. PALAcIOS-VARgAS. Description. LENgTh 848 µM. WhITE. GRANULATION fINE. TUbERcLES NOT wELL dEvELOPEd. BOdy dORSALLy wITh PALMATE MAcROSETAE (PM) (40 µM) (40 µM–57 µM), fEw bARbULATE MAcROSETAE (BM) (32) (32 µM–46 µM) ANd SENSORIAL SETAE (S) (14 µM) (14 µM–24 µM), vENTER wITh MIcROSETAE (M) (12 µM) (12 µM–17 µM). ANTENNA vERy ShORT. ANT. I wITh SEvEN SETAE, ThREE dORSAL STRONgLy PALMATE, ANT II wITh 11 SETAE. ANT III wITh 16 SETAE, SENSORIAL ORgAN wITh TwO gLObULAR MIcROSENSILLA IN A cUTIcULAR fOLd, ANd TwO gUARd SENSILLA. S.g.v vERy SINUOUS, ONE MIcROSENSILLUM vENTRO–ExTERNAL. ANT IV TyPIcAL fOR ThE gENUS (FIg. 22) wITh S7 hyPERTROPhIEd ANd cURLINg MAkE A cOMPLETE ROUNd, OThER SENSILLA ALSO STRONgLy cURvEd. EyES 2 + 2 vERy dIffIcULT TO dISTINgUISh. MANdIbLES wITh 2 TEETh, MAxILLAE STyLIfORM. LAbIUM wITh SETAE A–G ORdINARy. LAbRUM wITh 2/0, 4 SETAE. HEAd ANd ThORAcIc chAETOTAxy AS IN FIg. 23 ANd TAb. 7. TIbIOTARSI I, II ANd III wIThOUT TENENT hAIRS, wITh 18, 18, ANd 17 SETAE RESPEcTIvELy (FIg. 24). UNgUIS UNTOOThEd. ThORAcIc ANd AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIg. 23 ANd 25; TAbLES 7 ANd 8. DORSAL AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIg. 25 ANd TAb. 8. VENTRAL TUbE wITh 4 + 4 SETAE, ONE Of EAch SIdE LONgER ThAN OThERS (FIg. 26). FEMALE wITh 3 + 3 PREgENITAL SETAE, 11 cIRcUMgENITAL ANd 2 EUgENITAL SETAE. VENTRAL AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIg. 26. Etymology. ThE SPEcIES IS dEdIcATEd IN MEMORy Of DR. AxEL RETANA, RESEARchER Of ThE UNIvERSITy Of COSTA RIcA, fOR hIS hELP IN jOINEd RESEARch wITh MEMbERS Of UNAM Remarks. P. axelretanai sp. nov. hAS A MORE AbUNdANT chAETOTAxy whEN cOMPAREd wITh OThER SPEcIES Of ThE gENUS, IT hAS SOME AddITIONAL MIcROSETAE IN SOME bOdy SEgMENTS, SO IT IS MORE SIMILAR TO A. primigenia. BOTh SPEcIES hAvE A SIMILAR hEAd chAETOTAxy ANd hAvE TwO dORSAL SETAE ON dORSO–INTERNAL TUbERcLE Of AbdOMINAL SEgMENTS I– III. bUT ThE NEw SPEcIES hAS TwO PALMATE MAcROSETAE ON TUbERcLE DL. ON TUbERcLES DI Of Th II ANd III P. primigenia hAS ThREE SETAE, whILE P. axelretanai sp. nov. hAS ONLy ONE, ANd DL TUbERcLES ON AbdOMINAL SEgMENTS I– III hAvE ONE ANd TwO SETAE RESPEcTIvELy. MORE dIffERENT IS ThE chAETOTAxy Of Abd IV ANd V AS SEEN IN TAb. 13., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on pages 139-141, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura klompeni Palacios-Vargas & Vázquez sp. nov. FIgS 1–8, TAbS 1–2 Type material. HOLOTyPE: fEMALE ON SLIdE. PARATyPES: 3 fEMALES, ONE MALE, ANd ONE jUvENILE ON SLIdES. Type locality: BELIZE, CAyO MOPAN RIvER, CLOSE TO CREEk. N 17° 05' 10.7'' W 89° 08' 01.3'', Ex LITTER, 08.III.2015, LEg. M. VázqUEz, H. KLOMPEN, C. ChARgOy. Description. LENgTh (N = 6) 818 µM (RANgE 700–1300 µM). COLOR whITE. GRANULATIONS STRONg, AbOUT hALf ThE SIzE Of ONE EyE. TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. FOUR kINdS Of bOdy SETAE, PALMATE MAcROSETAE (PM) (15–23 µM), bARbULATE MAcROSETAE (BM) (20 µM), MIcROSETAE (M) (17 µM), bESIdES ThE SENSORIAL SETAE (SS) (16 µM). ANT I wITh SEvEN SETAE, ThREE (SETAE 2, 3, 4) ARE ELONgATE PALMATE MAcROSETAE (FIgS 1, 5), ANT II wITh 11 SMOOTh SETAE. ANT III SENSORIAL ORgAN wITh TwO gLObULAR SENSILLA IN A cUTIcULAR fOLd, ANd TwO gUARd SENSILLA. S.g.v STRONgLy cURvEd SINUOSE (FIg. 2), ONE vENTRAL MIcROSENSILLUM. ANT IV AS TyPIcAL fOR ThE gENUS wITh SENSILLA S7 hyPERTROfIEd (FIgS 1, 2, 5). EyES 2 + 2 wITh bLAck PIgMENT. LAbRUM wITh 2/0, 4 SETAE. MANdIbLES wITh 3 TEETh. MAxILLAE STyLIfORM. LAbIUM wITh SETAE A–G ORdINARy, ONE ORgANITE X ANd TwO PAIRS Of POSTLAbIAL SETAE. HEAd wITh CL, Af, Oc, DI, DE, DL ANd L + Sc TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. HEAd chEATOTAxy AS IN FIgS 3, 7 ANd IN TAb. 1. LEgS chAETOTAxy fROM I TO III, cOxAE 3, 7, 8; TROchANTERS 5, 5, 5; fEMORA 11, 11, 10; TIbIOTARSI 18, 18, 17, wIThOUT TENENT hAIRS. ThORAcIc ANd AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS FIgS 3–4, 6–8. ThE TOTAL bOdy chAETOTAxy by dEMITERgITE IS ShOwN IN TAb. 2. VENTRAL TUbE wITh 4 + 4 SETAE. FURcAL vESTIgE wITh 3 MIcROSETAE ANd NO SETOLAE. VENTROLATERAL AREAS Of Abd II ANd III wITh ThREE SETAE, IV ANd V wITh 4 SETAE ANd ONE SETA RESPEcTIvELy. FEMALE gENITAL PLATE wITh 3 + 3 PREgENITAL, 6–10 cIRcUMgENITAL ANd 2 EUgENITAL SETAE, ANAL vALvES wITh 11 SETAE ANd 2 SETOLAE. MALE gENITAL PLATE wITh 3 + 3 PREgENITAL, 15 cIRcUMgENITAL ANd 4 + 4 EUgENITAL SETAE. Etymology. SPEcIES dEdIcATEd TO DR. HANS KLOMPEN (OhIO STATE UNIvERSITy, USA) fOR hIS cONTRIbUTIONS TO ThE RESEARch ON SOIL fAUNA. Remarks. Palmanura klompeni sp. nov. RESEMbLES TO P. matildae ANd P. pascuali, by ITS cEPhALIc chAETOTAxy, bEcAUSE ALL Of ThEM LAck cEPhALIc SETAE A ANd G. AMONg ThE SPEcIES Of Palmanura, ThERE IS A gROUP whIch LAckS ThE cEPhALIc SETA A, P. guilleni, P. matildae ANd P. pascuali, ANd ShARE ThIS chARAcTER wITh ThE NEw SPEcIES, ANd ThEy ALSO hAvE ThE SAME NUMbER Of SETAE ON ThORAcIc SEgMENTS, ExcEPT ThE LAST ONE whIch hAS A STRONg REdUcTION. IN AddITION, Abd IV TUbERcLE DE IS fUSEd TO DL wITh ONLy TwO PALMATE SETAE AN IMPORTANT dIffERENcE IN ThE NEw SPEcIES. FOR cOMPARISON Of ThE MOST IMPORTANT chARAcTERS REfER TO TAb. 13., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on pages 129-131, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura quetzalae MÉXICO: VERAcRUz, TLAPAcOyAN. RíO ALSESEcA, Ex. LITTER, 10.X.2014, LEg. R. IgLESIAS, A. ARANgO., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura lindquisti MÉXICO: MORELOS, AyALA, Ex. LITTER, 16.IX.2014, LEg. J.G. PALAcIOS-VARgAS., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura moralesi Palacios-Vargas & Arango, sp. nov. FIgS 9–11, TAbS 3–4 Type material. HOLOTyPE: fEMALE ON SLIdE. PARATyPES: TwO fEMALES, TwO MALES ANd ONE jUvENILE IN SLIdES. Type locality. MÉXICO, QUERéTARO, JALPAN dE AMILPAS, 30.XII.2015, LEg. A. ZALdívAR. Description. LENgTh (N = 5) 522 µM (RANgE 473–640 µM). COLOR IN ALcOhOL whITE. GRANULATIONS STRONg, AbOUT ThE SIzE Of ONE EyE. TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. FOUR kINdS Of bOdy SETAE, PALMATE MAcROSETAE (PM) (22–24 µM), bARbULATE MAcROSETAE (BM) (22–27 µM), MESOSETAE (ME) (17–22 µM), MIcROSETAE (M) (12 µM), bESIdES ThE SENSORIAL SETAE (SS) (22–25 µM). ANT I wITh SEvEN SETAE, ThREE ARE bARbULATE MAcROSETAE, ANT II wITh 11 SMOOTh SETAE. ANT III SENSORIAL ORgAN wITh TwO gLObULAR SENSILLA IN A cUTIcULAR fOLd, ANd TwO gUARd SENSILLA. S.g.v cURvEd, ONE vENTRAL MIcROSENSILLUM. ANT IV AS TyPIcAL fOR ThE gENUS wITh SENSILLUM S7 hyPERTROfIEd. EyES 2 + 2 wITh bLAck PIgMENT. LAbRUM wITh 2/0, 4 SETAE. MANdIbLES wITh 3 TEETh. MAxILLAE STyLIfORM. LAbIUM wITh SETAE A–G ORdINARy ANd TwO PAIRS Of POSTLAbIAL SETAE. HEAd wITh CL, Af, Oc, DI, DE, DL ANd L + Sc TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. HEAd chEATOTAxy AS IN FIg. 9 ANd TAb. 3. LEgS chAETOTAxy fROM I TO III, cOxAE 2, 6, 10; TROchANTERS 6, 6, 6; fEMORA 12, 10, 8; TIbIOTARSI 18, 18, 19, wIThOUT TENENT hAIRS. ThORAcIc ANd AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIgS 9 ANd 10. ThE TOTAL bOdy chAETOTAxy by dEMITERgITE IS ShOwN IN TAb. 4. VENTRAL TUbE wITh 4 + 4 SETAE. FURcAL vESTIgE wITh 4 MIcROSETAE ANd NO SETOLAE. VENTROLATERAL AREAS Of Abd II ANd III wITh 3 SETAE RESPEcTIvELy FIg. 11. FEMALE gENITAL PLATE wITh 3 + 3 PREgENITAL, 10 cIRcUMgENITAL ANd 2 EUgENITAL SETAE, ANAL vALvES wITh 11 SETAE ANd 2 SETOLAE. VENTRAL AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIg. 11. Etymology. ThE SPEcIES IS NAMEd IN REcOgNITION Of ThE AdMINISTRATIvE wORk Of LIc. AURELIANO MORALES VARgAS AS AdMINISTRATIvE SEcRETARy Of ScIENcES FAcULTy AT UNAM, MExIcO fOR MANy yEARS. Remarks. Palmanura moralesi sp. nov. by ITS chAETOTAxy RESEMbLES P. klompeni sp. nov. bUT ThEIR SETAE ORNAMENTATION IS SIMPLER, IN AddITION SETAE F IS PALMATE ANd ThERE IS NOT A SETA IN P. klompeni sp. nov. P. moralesi sp. nov. IS ALSO SIMILAR TO P. matildae bEcAUSE ThE STRONg REdUcTION Of cEPhALIc chAETOTAxy, LAckINg SETAE G ANd A, bUT ThEy dIffER IN ThE AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy whIch IS MORE AbUNdANT IN ThE NEw SPEcIES. FOR cOMPARISON, Of AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy REfER TO TAb. 13., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on pages 132-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura normae Palacios-Vargas, 1996 FIgS 27–29, TAbS 9–10 Material studied. 21 SLIdES fROM MEXICO, MORELOS, fROM fOUR dIffERENT LOcALITIES, fIvE fEMALES, ThREE MALES ANd fIvE jUvENILES INcLUdINg dE hOLOTyOPE. VILLA dE AyALA, Ex. LITTER, 12.X.1983, LEg. J. G. PALAcIOS, NEAR SAN PAbLO, TLALTIzAPáN, Ex. LITTER, 10.X.2010, LEg. J.G. PALAcIOS-VARgAS, TwO fEMALES, ONE MALE ANd ThREE jUvENILES fROM EL VERgEL, YAUTEPEc, 29.V.2011, LEg. J.G. PALAcIOS-VARgAS, ANd TwO fEMALES fROM TLAyAcAPAN, 22.VI.2015, LEg. Redescription. LENgTh (N = 11) 848 µM (RANgE 690µM–986 µM). whITE cOLOREd whEN ALIvE ANd IN ALcOhOL. GRANULATIONS STRONg, AbOUT ThE SIzE Of ONE EyE. TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. TwO kINdS Of bOdy SETAE, bARbULATE MAcROSETAE (BM) 72 µM (67–72 µM), IN AbdOMEN LONgER ThAN ON hEAd; MIcROSETAE (M) (37µM), bESIdES ThE SENSORIAL SETAE (SS) (27 µM) (25–30 µM). ANT I wITh SEvEN SETAE, ThREE ARE bARbULATE MAcROSETAE. ANT II wITh 11 SMOOTh SETAE. ANT III SENSORIAL ORgAN wITh TwO gLObULAR SENSILLA IN A cUTIcULAR fOLd, ANd TwO gUARd SENSILLA. S.g.v STRONgLy cURvEd, ONE vENTRAL MIcROSENSILLUM. ANT IV AS TyPIcAL fOR ThE gENUS wITh SENSILLA S7 hyPERTROfIEd. EyES 2 + 2 wITh bLAck PIgMENT, TwO OcULAR SETAE OcM bARbULATEd, OcP SMALL ANd bARbULATE. LAbRUM wITh 2/0, 4 SETAE. MANdIbLES wITh 3 TEETh. MAxILLAE STyLIfORM. LAbIUM wITh SETAE A– G ORdINARy ANd TwO PAIRS Of POSTLAbIAL SETAE. HEAd wITh CL, Af, Oc, DI, DE, DL ANd L + Sc TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. HEAd chEATOTAxy AS IN FIg. 27 ANd TAb. 9. LEgS chAETOTAxy fROM I TO III, cOxAE 3, 7, 7; TROchANTERS 6, 6, 6; fEMORA 12, 12, 11; TIbIOTARSI 18, 18, 19, wIThOUT TENENT hAIRS. ThORAcIc ANd AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIgS 27 ANd 28. ThE TOTAL bOdy chAETOTAxy by dEMITERgITE IS ShOwN IN TAbS. 9 ANd 10. VENTRAL TUbE wITh 4 + 4 SETAE. FURcAL vESTIgE wITh 3 MIcROSETAE ANd NO SETOLAE. VENTROLATERAL AREAS Of Abd II ANd III wITh 3 SETAE (FIg. 29). FEMALE gENITAL PLATE wITh 3 + 3 PREgENITAL, 8 cIRcUMgENITAL ANd 2 EUgENITAL SETAE, ANAL vALvES wITh 11 SETAE ANd 2 SETOLAE. VENTRAL AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIg. 29. Remarks. Palmanura normae PALAcIOS-VARgAS,1996 wAS dEScRIbEd fROM ANENEcUILcO, MORELOS, wITh jUST ONE jUvENILE SPEcIMEN. AddITIONAL SPEcIMENS cOLLEcTEd IN ThREE LOcALITIES IN MORELOS STATES ALLOw TO chEck ThE INTRASPEcIfIc vARIATION ANd A bETTER cOMPARISON wITh ThE RELATEd SPEcIES. IT IS INTERESTINg ThAT OcULAR SETAE OcP ANd DI SETAE ON Abd I ANd II ARE ShORTER ThAN OThER SETAE, AS dRAwN IN ThE ORIgINAL dEScRIPTION. SEE REMARkS fOR P. sernai fOR A dETAILEd dIffERENTIATION bETwEEN bOTh SPEcIES. P. normae IS SIMILAR TO P. matildae ANd P. pascuali fOR ThE REdUcTION Of hEAd chAETOTAxy, fOR cOMPARISON AMONg OThER chAETOTAxIc chARAcTERS REfER TO TAb. 13. ORIgINAL dEScRIPTION ShOwS SETAE G, bUT ALL ThE NEw SPEcIMENS fROM OThER LOcALITIES LAck SUch SETAE., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on page 141, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545, {"references":["Palacios-Vargas, J. G. (1996) New species of Palmanura (Collembola: Neanuridae) from Mexico and Guatemala. The Canadian Entomologist, 128, 805 - 824. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 128805 - 5"]}

Palmanura schusteri MÉXICO: ChIAPAS, PAyTON dE LA GLORIA, MARqUEz dE COMILLAS, Ex. LITTER, 22.XII.2014, LEg. H. CARMONA., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 MOdIfIEd dIAgNOSIS: 2 + 2 PIgMENTEd EyES. WhITE, yELLOw OR ORANgE bOdy whEN ALIvE, wIThOUT bLUE PIgMENT, whITE IN ALcOhOL. MOUThPARTS REdUcEd, MAxILLAE STyLIfORM. SENSILLA S7 hyPERTROPhIEd, AT LEAST TwIcE ThIckER ThAN OThERS. DORSAL SETAE MOSTLy PALMATE, SOMETIMES bARbULATE, USUALLy ThOSE Of dORSO-INTERNAL ANd dORSO-ExTERNAL TUbERcLES ARE PALMATE ANd wITh cRENULATEd EdgES, OThER SETAE cAN bE PALMATE OR bARbULATE. CEPhALIc SETAE NUMbER REdUcEd, ANTERIOR OcULAR SETA ALwAyS AbSENT, MEdIAN OcULAR SETA ALwAyS PRESENT, dORSOINTERNAL (DI) ANd dORSOExTERNAL (DE) TUbERcLES EAch ALwAyS wITh ONE SETA. DORSOLATERAL TUbERcLE (DL) SEPARATE wITh TwO SETAE. LATERAL ANd SUbOcULAR (L + Sc) TUbERcLES dIffIcULT TO dISTINgUISh. ThORAx I wITh TwO SETAE PER SIdE, ONE ON DE ANd ONE ON DL. TUbERcLE DI fROM Th II TO Abd V ALwAyS wITh ONE MAcROSETA (vERy RARELy wITh ONE OR TwO AddITIONAL MIcROSETAE) ANd wELL SEPARATEd fROM OThER TUbERcLES. AbdOMINAL SEgMENT V wITh ThREE dORSAL MAcROSETAE ANd ONE SENSORIAL SETA PER SIdE. FOUR PALMATE OR bARbULATE MAcROSETAE bETwEEN ThE SENSORIAL SETAE ON Abd IV, TwO PALMATE OR bARbULATE MAcROSETAE bETwEEN ThOSE Of Abd V. VENTRAL chAETOTAxy REdUcEd, ONLy 3–4 SETAE ON EAch SIdE Of VE AREA Of Abd II ANd III. FURcAL vESTIgE wITh ONLy 4–5 SETAE ANd NO MIcROSETAE. NOTAbLy SMALL SPEcIES, USUALLy LESS ThAN 1 MM. Type species: Palmanura mirabilis CASSAgNAU, 1983 Remarks. ThE gENUS wAS dEScRIbEd bASEd ON ONE MExIcAN SPEcIES. NOw wITh ThE NEw TAxA dEScRIbEd hERE, 22 SPEcIES ARE kNOwN, ANd NEw IMPORTANT chARAcTERS hAvE bEEN REvISEd. CEPhALIc SETAE G IS AbSENT AT 50% Of ThE SPEcIES, SETAE F ANd B ARE ALwAyS PRESENT IN ALL ThE MEMbERS, whILE SETAE A IS 25% AbSENT. ThERE ARE TwO OcULAR SETAE AT ThE MOST, ThERE IS NEvER OcA bUT OcM IS ALwAyS PRESENT, ANd OcP IS MISSINg IN 25% Of ThE MEMbERS. DI TUbERcLE Of Th II ANd III wITh ONE SETA (ExcEPT P. primigenia whIch hAS TwO AddITIONAL MIcROSETAE), DI TUbERcLE ON Abd I–II wITh ONE SETAE (ExcEPT P. primigenia ANd P. axelreatanai sp. nov.). DE TUbERcLE ALwAyS wITh ONE SETA fROM Th II TO Abd III., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on page 129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura wilsoni MÉXICO: TAbAScO, TAPIjULAPA, CUEvA dE LAS SARdINAS, Ex. LITTER, 30.XII.2015, LEg. A. ARANgO, C. ZALdívAR., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura sernai Palacios-Vargas & Simón Benito, 2009 FIgS 30–32, TAbS 11–12 Material studied. FOUR fEMALES ANd ONE jUvENILE ON fIvE SLIdES, COLOMBIA, SANTA ROSA dE TAPIAS, VALLE dE CAUcA, Ex. LITTER, 01.II.2017, LEg. E. P. MARíN, ANd ThE hOLOTyPE fEMALE, COLOMBIA, TOLIMA, ChAPARRAL, GRANjA CALIxTO IRIARTE. 02.IV.2002 LEg. M. R. PEñARANdA-PARAdA Redescription. LENgTh (N = 4) 730 µM (RANgE 660 µM–788 µM). COLOR whITE IN ALcOhOL. GRANULATIONS STRONg, AbOUT ThE SIzE Of ONE EyE. TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. TwO kINdS Of bOdy SETAE, bARbULATE MAcROSETAE (BM) (39 µM) (32–42 µM), LONgER MIcROSETAE (M) (29 µM) (27–29 µM), bESIdES ThE SENSORIAL SETAE (SS) (27 µM) (24–29 µM). ANT I wITh SEvEN SETAE, ThREE ARE bARbULATE MAcROSETAE, ANT II wITh 11 SMOOTh SETAE. ANT III SENSORIAL ORgAN wITh TwO gLObULAR SENSILLA IN A cUTIcULAR fOLd, ANd TwO gUARd SENSILLA. S.g.v STRONgLy cURvEd, ONE vENTRAL MIcROSENSILLUM. ANT IV AS TyPIcAL fOR ThE gENUS wITh SENSILLA S7 hyPERTROfIEd. EyES 2 + 2 wITh bLAck PIgMENT. LAbRUM wITh 2/0, 4 SETAE. MANdIbLES wITh 3 TEETh. MAxILLAE STyLIfORM. LAbIUM wITh SETAE A–G ORdINARy ANd TwO PAIRS Of POSTLAbIAL SETAE. HEAd wITh CL, Af, Oc, DI, DE, DL ANd L + Sc TUbERcLES wELL dEvELOPEd. HEAd chEATOTAxy IS IN FIg. 30 ANd IN TAb. 11. LEgS chAETOTAxy fROM I TO III, cOxAE 3, 7, 6; TROchANTERS 7, 7, 7; fEMORA 13, 12, 11; TIbIOTARSI 17, 19, 19, wIThOUT TENENT hAIRS. ThORAcIc ANd AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy IN FIgS 30 ANd 31. ThE TOTAL bOdy chAETOTAxy by dEMITERgITE IS ShOwN IN TAbS 11 ANd 12. VENTRAL TUbE wITh 4 + 4 SETAE. FURcAL vESTIgE wITh 4 MIcROSETAE ANd NO SETOLAE. VENTROLATERAL AREAS Of Abd I ANd III wITh 3 SETAE FIg. 32. FEMALE gENITAL PLATE wITh 3 + 3 PREgENITAL, 10 cIRcUMgENITAL ANd 2 EUgENITAL SETAE, ANAL vALvES wITh 11 SETAE ANd 2 SETOLAE. VENTRAL AbdOMINAL chAETOTAxy AS IN FIg. 32. Remarks. Palmanura sernai PALAcIOS-VARgAS & SIMÓN BENITO 2009 wAS dEScRIbEd wITh ONLy TwO SPEcIMENS fROM ChAPARRAL, AT TOLIMA PROvINcE IN COLOMbIA, 850 MASL, bUT ThEy hAd SOME TERATOLOgIc chARAcTERS, AS ThE LAck Of SENSORIAL SETAE ON Abd V. HAvINg NEw SPEcIMENS fROM COLOMbIA, ALLOwS TO cORREcT ThE ORIgINAL dEScRIPTION ANd TO chEck ThE vARIATION. SPEcIMENS fROM CALI, ALSO REPRESENT A NEw LOcALITy fOR ThE SPEcIES. P. sernai ANd P. normae, ShARE ThE bARbULATE SETAE Of dORSAL chAETOTAxy, bUT ThE fIRST SPEcIES hAS cEPhALIc SETAE A ANd G whIch ARE AbSENT IN P. normae. BOdy chAETOTAxy IS vERy SIMILAR IN bOTh SPEcIES bUT IS MORE AbUNdANT IN ThE dORSO–LATERAL TUbERcLES Of Th II ANd III ANd LATERAL TUbERcLES ON Abd III ANd IV, AS ShOwN IN TAb. 13., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on pages 143-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545

Palmanura matildae MÉXICO: TAbAScO, TAPIjULAPA, CUEvA dE LAS SARdINAS, Ex. LITTER, 30.XII.2015, LEg. A. ARANgO, C. ZALdívAR., Published as part of Arango, Angela, Palacios-Vargas, José G., Vázquez, Magdalena & Marín, Elida P., 2018, Revision of the genus Palmanura Cassagnau, 1983 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae: Sensillanurini), pp. 128-154 in Zootaxa 4483 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1437545