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The earliest example of the Ancient Greek word for a victor's prize, nikatērion, comes in a verse inscription from the sixth century bce on an Attic kylix (wine cup) from Taras. It records the victory of Melōsa in a competition with other young women. This article draws out the significance of her victory and redefines our understanding of who she was. Previous interpretations which define Melōsa by her relationship to men are rejected. Instead, it is argued that Melōsa's verse defines her place within a female world. This inscription is significant in the pursuit of feminist historical recovery, revealing aspects of female–female social relationships outside the confines of the traditional male–female paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Magruder-Newman Prizes are new awards to recognize student work presented at the annual meeting of the PHA. Each prize carries an award of $125 plus a one-year membership in the Association. One prize will go to the best student work presented at the Student Research Session, and the other will be awarded to the best student work presented at a traditional panel. The award has been endowed by Dr. Paul Douglas Newman, a PHA member since 1993, Council Member, and prior Editor of Pennsylvania History in honor of his parents Margaret L. Magruder-Newman and F. Douglas Newman. The first awards were presented October 27, 2023, at the PHA annual meeting in Harrisburg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the 27th edition of the Nurses' Oncology Meetings (Rencontres infirmières en oncologie - RIO), held at the Paris Convention Center in France, where high-quality presentations sparked exchanges and learning opportunities. It also announces the winners of the Poster Prize and the Any d'Avray Prize, recognizing outstanding contributions to cancer care.

Literary awards—understood here as formal, collective, and public declarations of aesthetic excellence—have been criticized for perpetuating structural inequities that harm oppressed authors and readers. However, the library as an institution continues to participate in prizing through a system of interlocking norms and conventional practices that we term "library reprizing." We track reprizing through its various manifestations in collection development, classification, and readers' advisory service. We posit that reprizing is not merely a way of informing patrons of award winners but is part of a coordinated response that aids materially in the creation of award winners. Given that prizing sustains dominant structures of power in print culture, we suggest that one route to reform may lie in librarians' capacity to be strategically uncooperative regarding awards. We provide a map for proposing concrete strategies as part of a larger ameliorative project to reform literary prizing from within the library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the Society for French Historical Studies' fellowship opportunities and prizes for the 2023-2024 term, including the David H. Pinkney Prize for distinguished books in French history by U.S. or Canadian citizens, the Gilbert Chinard Book Prize for books on French-American relations. These prizes offer monetary awards and recognition at the society's annual meeting, with specific eligibility criteria and application deadlines outlined for each prize category.

This article examines vintage arcade redemption tokens, circulating from approximately the mid-20th century through the early 2010s as a communicative local exchange medium. The tokens are described in composition, color, and marking as representative of a particular local establishment, where, in combination with tickets and receipts, they facilitated exchange of players' money into often nominal prizes, generating profit for the amusement arcade owner. Such tokens represented symbolic and social interaction with specific arcades, who created their own privately issued redemption currency, not freely convertible to cash. Sensory experience, including sight, feel, and sound of the tokens, was part of gameplay and exchange experience. These ephemera reflected an atemporal relationship with a particular place, extended by five types of symbols (nautical, amusement, local branding, nationalist, and general gaming), and imagined windfalls. Metal redemption tokens have largely been replaced with digital redemption systems, including ticket-based systems, newer plastic chips, and prize cards; location-specific symbols have been replaced with images from popular copyrighted media properties. The article serves to document the use, experience, and eventual retirement of these tokens, particularly in New Jersey, and calls for their cataloging and preservation as cultural objects. Exonumia may be studied as communicative media through a media archeology approach, as newer redemption items reference copyrighted media properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass marketing scams (MMSs) impact millions of people with financial losses in the billions. Understanding what types of MMSs work is key to reducing the compliance rate. Inspired by Simon's work, we designed an experiment to examine how four different types of MMSs impact interest in and intention to respond to solicitations. We first conducted a cluster analysis on 215 actual MMS solicitations. The analysis revealed four distinct types of solicitations: negative-cold, one-reward letters, high emotionality, high scarcity letters where the prize is mentioned often, very colorful multi-prize letters, and low emotionality, low scarcity cold letters. In a second experiment, 281 participants (recruited on MTurk) were randomly assigned to read one of the four types of solicitations. Our data revealed differences in intention to respond by sending money. Furthermore, younger (vs. older) individuals indicated a higher interest in the solicitation and higher intention to send in money and rated the solicitations as significantly more beneficial and less risky. Finally, perceptions of risks and benefits were the main driving force behind compliance beyond interest and intention to comply. In line with Simon's ideas, our study highlights the need to examine both the environment (the types of solicitations) and the decision-maker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Match-fixing is egregious at the mid and lower tiers of professional and semi-professional individual sports, particularly, if not exclusively, where the relevant governing body allows real time gambling of matches and tournaments at these lower tiers. Evidence demonstrates that in sports such as tennis and badminton, the bulk of the prize money is distributed to a small minority of athletes at the top tier and instances of match-fixing there are rare as a result. There are, however, many thousands of athletes at the lower tiers that are unable to make ends meet and whose expenses far outweigh any meagre prize money they may earn. The paper suggests that the introduction of organized gambling for matches and tournaments played at the lower tiers provides an incentive for indigent players, or those who see little prospect of a career or wealth, to engage in match-fixing. This introduction of gambling is a clear recipe for corruption and manipulation of the sport. Instead, mid, and lower tier matches and tournaments should be excluded from the ambit of organized gambling and there is no good reason why gambling should even exist at this level. The profits reaped by sport governing bodies by real time gambling are far outweighed by the perils of match-fixing and the sport's disrepute. Sport governing bodies should instead endeavor to re-distribute their profits more equitably among players and provide financial safety nets for those professionals unable to make a living as a disincentive to match-fixing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mike Baynham is Emeritus Professor of TESOL at the University of Leeds, a fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences and former Chair of the British Association for Applied Linguistics (BAAL). He was a Visiting Professor at York St John University (2020–2023) and an Honorary Professor at the University of Sydney (2019–2022). His recent publications include: Narrating Migrations from Africa and the Middle East: A Spatio-Temporal Approach (with R. Breeze and S. Gintsburg, Bloomsbury, 2022) and Translation and Translanguaging (with T. K. Lee, Routledge, 2019). In retirement he has become engaged with writing and translating poetry and various types of performance. He translates from Spanish and Arabic mainly and has published translations of the poetry of the Moroccan poet Abdallah Zrika (Baynham 2020). He is currently translating the poetry of the Moroccan zajal poet Adil Latefi and the Kurdish Syrian poet Ceger Hillo. His translation of a poem by Adil was awarded second prize in the 2023 Stephen Spender Poetry Competition. He works as a poetry editor at The Other Side of Hope magazine, setting up a bilingual poetry section, working title Other Tongue/Mother Tongue. In this interview, Mike first elaborates on the reasons behind his involvement with narrative studies and how it became clear that the Labovian model of narrative is not always valid with all types of narrative data. He then reflects on the definition of narrative, the role space and time have in it and offers, as an example of non-linear narrative a "picaresque" story, in the Arab tradition of storytelling. In conclusion Mike offers his vision of the future of narrative studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article announces that Juliette Leblanc from Montreal has received the Canadian Political Science Association Three Minutes Thesis Prize for her presentation titled "Is Social Media Affectively Polarizing?.

Women's soccer has grown exponentially around the world over the last two decades. However, it still faces blatant wage discrimination, both domestically and internationally. While the Fédération internationale de football association (FIFA), has gradually increased the Women's World Cup prize money over the years, it has also increased the Men's World Cup prize money to such a degree that the gap between the men's and women's prize monies is actually increasing with every World Cup. This Note analyzes why FIFA's decision to increase the prize money gap is not only subject to E.U. law but is also a violation of E.U. law-a violation that can and should be resolved in the European Court of Justice. This Note also argues that Switzerland, under the Equal Remuneration Convention, has a legal obligation to enact legislation that incentivizes FIFA to take concrete steps toward decreasing the prize money gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on application openings for two major piano competitions: the Hilton Head International Piano Competition. Topics include running from March 10-17, 2025, with a $20,000 prize for first place, and the 11th National Chopin Piano Competition from January 4-12, 2025; and offering a $100,000 prize and entry into the International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw.

The article advocates for a modern revitalization of the Gambling Instinct Test which is used to identify a gambling activity. Topics include the three elements of the common law which must be present to consider a game or activity as gambling such as prize, chance and consideration, the difficulty of using these elements to evaluate all forms of gambling, the reason Gambling Instinct Test is a superior doctrine, and the historical application of the test.

Running a contest can help managers elicit creative ideas from employees by providing employees with incentives to develop and share ideas that will help the firm. Little is known, however, about how contest design affects the outcomes of subjectively evaluated creativity‐based contests. We conduct an experiment to investigate the impact of two contest design choices, the job role of the contest's evaluator, and the number of prizes that participants compete for, on employee participation behavior. We also examine how these contest design choices impact the creativity of the submitted ideas. We find that using a peer of the employees as an evaluator increases the number of ideas shared, but it does not impact the number of unique participants who enter the contest. In addition, we find that using peer evaluators leads to an increase in the creativity of the ideas. We find that awarding more prizes to participants does not increase overall participation, but it does increase the number of ideas shared by employees from underrepresented demographics. Awarding more prizes, however, reduces the creativity of the ideas. Together, these results show that contest design choices have an important impact on employee creative idea‐sharing and that managers should carefully consider how to tailor contests to fit their firms' needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Límite: Revista de Estudios Portugueses y de la Lusofonía is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Extremadura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We investigate the effect of a status-enhancing prize on the attention that a recipient’s “neighbors” subsequently receive. Do neighbors—individuals who work in economic, intellectual, or artistic domains that are proximate to prize winners—bask in the reflected glory of the ascendant actor and therefore gain as well? Or does competition for attention ensue, attenuating the recognition neighbors would otherwise have garnered? We study the spillover effects of status shocks using life sciences research articles published from 1984 through 2003. Exploiting expert-assigned article keywords, we identify papers that are topically related to publications of future appointees to the prestigious Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI). In difference-in-difference specifications, we find that these scientific neighbor articles experience substantial declines in citation rates after HHMI appointments are announced. That is, neighboring articles attract less attention when authors of papers near them receive a prestigious prize. This pattern reflects more than the trivial transfer of attention from non-winners to winners: once prizes are announced, actors cede scientific territory to prize winners and pursue other opportunities. These negative spillover effects are moderated or even reversed by scientists’ social connections and by the novelty and stature of scientific domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on Martin Bulmer Prize for the best article published in Volume 46 of Ethnic and Racial Studies has been awarded to Elisa Lanari, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity.

Esports is often described as a growing industry ripe with financial opportunities for young professional, competitive gamers. However, these claims rarely consider how income is distributed amongst players. This study uses prize earnings data from 2005 to 2019 to examine labor market inequality and related social inequalities and social stratifications. Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients show that inequality has increased in the labor market overall and the labor markets for the five top games based on total prizes awarded (Dota 2, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, Fortnite, League of Legends, StarCraft II). Competitors can expect to earn more today than in 2005, but median incomes have shown sporadic and inconsistent growth compared with top incomes. Moreover, most competitors earn less than the US poverty threshold. Comparing the earnings of the top female players to the whole labor market shows that gender inequalities exist in median incomes and the likelihood of earning more than the poverty threshold. The esports labor market is an engine of inequality that provides opportunities for a few (primarily male) competitors while building a growing class of lowly paid players who support the interests of game designers and event organizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Loudon's 1825 Encyclopedia of Agriculture set out why and how 'comfortable' family cottages should be built for the farm labouring workforce. Over the next quarter-century, published 'prize essays' on cottage-design appeared alongside articles advocating 'high farming'. Low labourer wages and insecure farm tenancies handicapped investment in both, though a parliamentary inquiry showed improvement projects could enhance labourer employment. The 1834 'new' Poor Law – an 'administrative' law – restricted 'poor relief', but left many 'settlement' issues to continue as perceived obstacles to building cottages (the occupants might become a burden on the poor rates). This paper illustrates ideal contemporary cottage designs – relative to contrasting exposures of poor people's home lives. Landowners, patchily, promoted some cottage-building, but labouring families mostly remained poorly housed. Along with recent scholarship on families' work, income, possessions (often very few) and survival strategies, this work augments ideas of real housing conditions in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional markets represent vital spaces of opportunity for livelihood-building, intercultural contact and for developing familiarity with the city. Yet, worldwide, markets are under pressure due to redevelopment agendas driven by neoliberalised forms of urban governance. Although precarious sites of occupation and employment, markets still maintain an attractiveness for immigrant micro-entrepreneurs as a foothold into the labour market and urban economy. Through a case study of the historic Moore Street market in central Dublin (Ireland), we explore the experiences of immigrant entrepreneurs. While these may be different in terms of their familiarity with the urban, institutional and regulatory landscapes, they are not entirely dissimilar from the experiences of longer-term traders in Moore Street. However what is evident is how precarity is tactically exploited by newcomer entrepreneurs for particular reasons. These traders prize the autonomy brought by market trading and use it as a meso-scale between low-paid waged employment and higher-level employment that may be out of reach for a variety of reasons. We argue that in examining urban precarity, increased attention should be paid to exploring the context-specific nature of the processes that give rise to it as well as the agentic capacity exercised to exploit it even within structural constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nigde University Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Nigde Üniversitesi Beden Egitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Physical Education & Sports Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article announces the Brontë Studies Early Career Research Essay Prize, aiming to foster new scholarship in Brontë studies and honor the legacy of Margaret Smith, a prominent scholar in the field, including submission guidelines, eligibility criteria, and prizes for the winning entry.

This paper examines the early years of decision making in the award of the Nobel Prize in physics and chemistry, and shows how the prize became a tool in the boundary work which upheld the social demarcations between scientists and inventors, as well as promoting a particular normative view of individual scientific achievement. The Nobel committees were charged with rewarding scientific achievements that benefited humankind: their interpretation of that criterion, however, turned in the first instance on their assessment of the groundbreaking nature of the 'science', with the applied or practical 'benefits' of that discovery being treated as very much secondary factors in the award. Through an interrogation of the reports sent by the committees to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, this paper shows how committee members depended on a notion of 'post-dated utilitarianism' in reconciling potential tension between rewarding basic and applied science, and explores the ways in which the annual prize both shaped, and was shaped by, media perceptions of scientific virtue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Four Way Books, New Directions, Penguin Books, Tin House Books, Knopf, Houghton Mifflin, W. W. Norton, Alice James Books, and Wave Books have all also published Black poet finalists and winners. In I The Grey Album i , Kevin Young discusses the idea of a "shadow book - a book that we don't have, but know of, a book that may haunt the very book we have in our hands." Just in case potential readers needed confirmation that Claudia Rankine's I Citizen i (2014) was an exceptional award-winning book, her publisher, Graywolf Press adorned printings of the publication with a list of its accolades. He describes three kinds of shadow books: planned books that were unwritten; written books that reference alternative versions or missing sections; and books that were lost.[48] Consequently, competition in poetry has given rise to a related category of shadow compositions - the poetry manuscripts submitted to contests but having lost went unpublished. [Extracted from the article]

Hackathons are time-bound, competitive coding contests that are often judged for prizes. Their name originates from joining hacking, playful exploration of hardware and software issues, with marathons, endurance competitions. The intent is to challenge participants to build working prototypes of hardware or software in a short time period, anywhere from one day to several weeks, though typically between 24–28 hours. While they are a mainstay in computer science fields, they are becoming increasingly popular in other domains, including libraries. Libraries have long championed life-long learning, a democratization of data, and access to information. These are similar mentalities of the maker movement, echoed in hackathons. Rapid iteration, problem solving, and cooperative learning are regularly present at events and within library systems. This paper details a case study of one institution's growth from a hackathon event host to deeper library engagement and partnership with an informal learning program. The authors will highlight benefits that both partners observed and will end with a pitch for why other libraries should consider hosting similar events. Finally, several recommended resources for libraries who are contemplating hosting hackathon events will be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nobel prize places scientists who have usually not been the object of attention outside of their own area of expertise in the public eye. This paper investigates two aspects of this. First, it describes theoretically how a public persona that to a significant extent depends on a process of 'celebrification' has been constructed, not so much of the individual laureate but of the role as Nobel laureate. Second, it investigates the historical roots of this. Looking at the process from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective, we find that the Nobel laureates become a special kind of scientific celebrities, since their fame is based not so much on their public achievements as on the selection by a committee. This is traced to the first decades of the prize's history, using examples from the first award in 1901 to the early 1930s. We also see how the annual repetitions of the media representations of the prize helped create the persona of the Nobel laureate. The conclusion is that the laureates are not celebrities in their own right, but as a representative of a type – a constructed cultural persona called the Nobel laureate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esports has been the fastest-growing industry around the globe, as the number of games and prize earnings are dramatically increasing. Esports is defined as competitive sport video gaming; more individuals are beginning to pursue this as a profession. Just like the University of California, Irvine, which offers a program to enhance esports skills and performance, the number of such institutions are expected to increase in this century; yet, research on how individuals effectively optimize esports performance is lacking. Specifically, how teachers or instructors lead players to enhance their esports performance has not been extensively discussed. The review article aimed to introduce two motivational factors that, from the existing movement science and psychological literature, have consistently been demonstrated to enhance motor skills (physical tasks): enhanced expectancies for success and autonomy support. Practical implications for enhancing esports performance and future direction were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Syukuro Manabe (one-fourth), Klaus Hasselmann (one-fourth), and Giorgio Parisi (half). This scientist profile provides a brief overview of the research that was awarded the prize in the context of each laureate's life and provides a citation analysis that describes their top papers, authorship habits, and noteworthy publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competition between heterogeneous participants leads to low‐effort provision in contests. A principal can divide her fixed budget between skill‐enhancing training and the contest prize. Training can reduce heterogeneity, increasing effort. It also reduces the contest prize, making effort fall. We set up an incomplete‐information contest with heterogeneous players and show how this trade‐off is related to the size of the budget of an effort‐maximizing principal. A selection problem arises implying a cost associated with a win by the inferior player. The principal has a larger incentive to train the laggard, reducing the prize on offer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lietuvos Archeologija is the property of Lithuanian Institute of History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REiDoCrea: Revista Electrónica de Investigación y Docencia Creativa is the property of REiDoCrea: Revista Electronica de Investigacion y Docencia Creativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Geir Lundestad is not only a leading historian of the Cold War: he was, from January 1990 to December 2014, the director of the Norwegian Nobel Institute and, as such, the secretary of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, the body that selects the recipients of the Nobel Peace Prize from a number of submissions from around the world. Lundestad's starting point is the puzzle as to why the "world cares about the Nobel Peace Prize" and why 'the prize can actually be something more than just a great honour for the laureates' (p.15). By analysing the Nobel Peace Prize and its awardees, Lundestad poses a number of important questions about the nature of international politics and peace. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents the discussion on Francesco Giucciardini Prize given to South Africa, Race and the Making of International Relations. Topics include revising the history of International Relations (IR) as an academic discipline by foregrounding the role of race and empire in the formation; and showing German imperialism in Southern Africa questioning the book's focus on Johannesburg as reinforcing the myth of South African exceptionalism.

Political liberals are primarily concerned with the roles played by the government and public schools in civic education. In policies related to religious schools, political liberals often use a strategy of regulation that aims to restrict religious schools. I argue that, although this strategy is effective in eliminating bad religious schools, it alone is unable to ensure that all (or most) reasonable citizens achieve full justification, which is a necessary condition for the stability of a just society. I, therefore, suggest that this strategy should be supplemented with a strategy of promotion. This strategy implies that a government should use policies, such as tax exemption, subsidy, national prize, and advertisement, to encourage good religious schools that teach students to reconcile religious beliefs and political ideas. While the government remains neutral and offers a citizenship curriculum that teaches political ideas, religious schools teach theological beliefs that provide students with comprehensive reasons to affirm political ideas. This division of labor facilitates students from different religious backgrounds to attain full justification. Religious schools have often been regarded as posing a threat to cultural balkanization. It is, however, an overlooked grain of truth that religious schools could be essential cornerstones of a stable liberal democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Withdrawal of strategies and universal welfare ideals in relation to rural community development in Denmark has given more weight to initiatives such as competitions, campaigns, and prizes aimed at villages and awarded to villagers by public authorities, philanthropic foundations, and interest groups. For rural communities and villagers to obtain funding or win prizes, demonstration of villagers' skills is required, for example, using private funds and volunteer work. Also required are positive outcomes, such as upgrading physical environments and increases in the number of inhabitants. This article analyses whether the criteria and qualifications required to secure funding or win prizes match theoretical understandings and recommendations for rural community development. Based on interviews with villagers and field observations from a prize ceremony, the article addresses how the competitive aspect affects the people involved in rural community development. It thereby provides a novel contribution by giving voice to the villagers on the opportunities and constraints related to competitions, campaigns, and prizes. The article concludes by discussing these initiatives as a new type of steering or metagovernance for rural community development in Denmark. • High degree of accordance with competition criteria and theory on village development. • Villagers focus on development in their own village despite criteria for co-operation. • Villagers seem to accept and adapt to a competitive set-up for village development. • Acknowledgement for achievements, visibility and money prize are valued by villagers. • Competitions, prizes and campaigns can be regarded as steering village development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]