Search

Deterministic in-system tests begin to play an essential role in safety-critical applications, in large data centers, or in monitoring silicon aging, to name just a few. All of these ecosystems require periodic, high-quality tests to assure required test coverage and short test application, especially in designs that must test themselves during system operations. In order for deterministic tests to be in-system applicable, they should compact multimillion-bit test responses with unknown ( $\rm X$ ) values to small signatures. This, in turn, allows for a much faster input-only streaming and a simultaneous reduction of the on-chip-stored test data volume, a system memory, and test time. Typically, the unknown states, whose sources vary from uninitialized memories to unpredictable last-minute timing violations, render signatures unusable. Hence, test response compaction requires some form of protection. This article presents a user-tunable X-masking scheme. It works synergistically with on-chip test compression logic by employing encoded test data to completely filter out unknown values that otherwise might reach a test response compactor, such as a multiple-input signature register or test result sticky bits used by the on-chip compare framework. It makes the proposed scheme a very versatile of its kind. Experimental results obtained for several industrial cores show feasibility and efficiency of the proposed scheme altogether with the actual impact of X-masking on various test-related statistics.

The paper concerns a development of an approach for implementing fault-tolerant control (FTC) of automated guided vehicles (AGVs). The main challenge considered in the article is the way of taking into account in the scheduling algorithm the delays occurring in the system resulting from the use of transport means. Mostly, multiple AGVs are designed and implemented as a firm real-time system in which delays are treated as faults. The proposed framework allows to compensate the faults in the real time. In the paper a multiple AGVs that transport item from an output of a production system to a high bay warehouse is presented. The article presents the non-deterministic nature of a multi-AGV system and includes a mathematical description of the system using (max, +) algebra. Having a analytical description of AGVs system, a new FTC strategy is proposed. Moreover, in the paper an illustrative case study showing the performance of the developed approach is presented.

When an unexpected crisis occurs, managers often seek such scientific solutions that can help them to take proactive actions before any threat arises. Crisis can be treated as an increase in the cost of energy consumption, employee rotation, lack of access to technology on account of sanctions. In this article, a system is presented that can aid decision-making when implementing additive manufacturing (AM) technology in a manufacturing enterprise. This technology may be necessary to reduce production process stages, minimize material waste, and optimize production costs in the use of resources. The application allows for analysis of the selected parameters of manufacturing process that are currently in use compared with those parameters of the AM process. The tool can be used to support decision-making in the area of changing manufacturing technology and the implementation of AM technology.

Managing a manufacturing company currently requires anticipating development scenarios, depending on unexpected changes that occur in the environment. One such change is the need to guarantee sustainable production (SP), including in the environmental aspect of indoor–outdoor air quality. In this paper, we propose the mobile monitoring of the level of outdoor air quality of enterprises, in a city, based on the parameter's values: CO2, O3, NO, H2S, PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM10, SO2 using sensors located in the public transport therein, thanks to which it is possible to match, in real time, those outdoor spaces with the highest air pollution. Such outdoor monitoring of the results of the air quality should indicate exactly where, in a city, anything untoward is being produced. This should result in remedial action leading to ensuring good indoor and outdoor air quality. This paper also gives a real-life case study. The harmony, in managing a manufacturing company, is visible thanks to combining the data of the examination of air quality, analysing the acquired data and recommending remedial actions, before the level of air pollution becomes critical.

The paper deals with the problem of health-aware fault-tolerant control of a vehicle fleet. In particular, the development process starts with providing the description of the process along with a suitable Internet-of-Things platform, which enables appropriate communication within the vehicle fleet. It also indicates the transportation tasks to the designated drivers and makes it possible to measure their realization times. The second stage pertains to the description of the analytical model of the transportation system, which is obtained with the max-plus algebra. Since the vehicle fleet is composed of heavy duty machines, it is crucial to monitor and analyze the degradation of their selected mechanical components. In particular, the components considered are ball bearings, which are employed in almost every mechanical transportation system. Thus, a fuzzy logic Takagi–Sugeno approach capable of assessing their time-to-failure is proposed. This information is utilized in the last stage, which boils down to health-aware and fault-tolerant control of the vehicle fleet. In particular, it aims at balancing the exploitation of the vehicles in such a way as to maximize they average time-to-failure. Moreover, the fault-tolerance is attained by balancing the use of particular vehicles in such a way as to minimize the effect of possible transportation delays within the system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated using selected simulation scenarios involving vehicle-based transportation tasks.

A novel fault-tolerant tracking control scheme based on an adaptive robust observer for non-linear systems is proposed. Additionally, it is presumed that the non-linear system may be faulty, i.e., affected by actuator and sensor faults along with the disturbances, simultaneously. Accordingly, the stability of the robust observer as well as the fault-tolerant tracking controller is achieved by using the ℋ∞approach. Furthermore, unknown actuator and sensor faults and states are bounded by the uncertainty intervals for estimation quality assessment as well as reliable fault diagnosis. This means that narrow intervals accompany better estimation quality. Thus, to cope with the above difficulty, it is assumed that the disturbances are over-bounded by an ellipsoid. Consequently, the performance and correctness of the proposed fault-tolerant tracking control scheme are verified by using a non-linear twin-rotor aerodynamical laboratory system.

The paper deals with the development of a proof of concept pertaining to the application of Internet of Things tools to the multiple assembly station system. In particular, the problem is to provide efficient measures of an assembly efficiency, which are transformed into material demand predictions. As a result, such predictions are used to form suitable transportation events, which are realized through the shortest possible rout. Thus, instead of providing a periodical milk-run over all assembly stations economic routs are selected instead, which translates into significant savings. Since transportation delays are inevitable in practice, they can be perceived as faults acting onto the system. To overcome such unappealing effect a suitable fault-tolerant control algorithm is provided. Finally, the proposed approach is evaluated with a set of selected scenarios, which clearly illustrate the benefits of employing Internet of Things tools coupled with suitable decision and optimization strategies.

AbstractThe present paper is an endeavor to formulate the tertium comparationisbetween the “time of Aeschylus”, when the Greek tragedy came into being, and the time of Juliusz Słowacki, in whose poem we find the title comparison, or the identification of the two epochs. The tragic potential lies in the habitus where Słowacki and his contemporaries wrote and acted, i.e. in the way the people interacted in order to negotiate the answers to the events that had happened to them or that they had provoked. The best way to hem the inherent tragic of Słowacki’s habitus in is to recall the epoch’s pre-scenes (Urszenen) and to extract their intrinsic theory, i.e. the logics of praxis that defines the acts of the actors. The most promising seems to be the theory of tragedy: both the one explicitly expressed by the mentioned authors, heroes of the pre-scenes, and the implicit one. The Greek tragedy served our actors as an ideal fulfillment of the then theory’s assumptions: it spanned a realm in which a word actually was an action.The three heroes of our pre-scenes – their relations intertwine until they create a web with which to catch the tertium comparationis– also emphasized the destructive, rebellious nature of Greek tragedy and its theory. In it, a destructive potential of art is supposed to appear for the first time in history; the very potential will become later a vital part of modern art’s organon and will eventually influence the aesthetics of the new total politics in the 20th Century.The present paper comprises four major sections: in the first one, the author contemplates the concurrence of the theory and the praxis in the pre-scenes and eventually extracts the most characteristic elements of the scenes, so that he may articulate these extracted terms’ oppositions and identifications that shaped the late romantic theory of tragedy, and of action. In the second part, the author concentrates on a particular identification: that of creation with destruction. In the third part, the author turns to the privileged object of these destructive-creative actions of ancient and future tragedy – the law. In the last part, the planned totality of the new tragedy is demonstrated, as the new tragedy is supposed to create a new form of sociality, a new organic social system.

This paper presents a relatively new identification method based on artificial neural networks, which can be used for both static and dynamic systems. In particular, a Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) neural network with dynamic neurons is considered. The final part of the paper shows how to use the proposed approach to tackle fault detection of the DAMADICS benchmark