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144 results on '"Owen, Charlotte"'

1. Unlocking saponin biosynthesis in soapwort

Author

Jo, Seohyun, El-Demerdash, Amr, Owen, Charlotte, Srivastava, Vikas, Wu, Dewei, Kikuchi, Shingo, Reed, James, Hodgson, Hannah, Harkess, Alex, Shu, Shengqiang, Plott, Chris, Jenkins, Jerry, Williams, Melissa, Boston, Lori-Beth, Lacchini, Elia, Qu, Tongtong, Goossens, Alain, Grimwood, Jane, Schmutz, Jeremy, Leebens-Mack, Jim, and Osbourn, Anne

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Industrial Biotechnology, Biotechnology, Complementary and Integrative Health, Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and cell biology, Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry
Abstract

Soapwort (Saponaria officinalis) is a flowering plant from the Caryophyllaceae family with a long history of human use as a traditional source of soap. Its detergent properties are because of the production of polar compounds (saponins), of which the oleanane-based triterpenoid saponins, saponariosides A and B, are the major components. Soapwort saponins have anticancer properties and are also of interest as endosomal escape enhancers for targeted tumor therapies. Intriguingly, these saponins share common structural features with the vaccine adjuvant QS-21 and, thus, represent a potential alternative supply of saponin adjuvant precursors. Here, we sequence the S. officinalis genome and, through genome mining and combinatorial expression, identify 14 enzymes that complete the biosynthetic pathway to saponarioside B. These enzymes include a noncanonical cytosolic GH1 (glycoside hydrolase family 1) transglycosidase required for the addition of D-quinovose. Our results open avenues for accessing and engineering natural and new-to-nature pharmaceuticals, drug delivery agents and potential immunostimulants.

Published
2024

2. Complete biosynthesis of the potent vaccine adjuvant QS-21

Author

Martin, Laetitia BB, Kikuchi, Shingo, Rejzek, Martin, Owen, Charlotte, Reed, James, Orme, Anastasia, Misra, Rajesh C, El-Demerdash, Amr, Hill, Lionel, Hodgson, Hannah, Liu, Yuzhong, Keasling, Jay D, Field, Robert A, Truman, Andrew W, and Osbourn, Anne

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, Immunization, Vaccine Related, Prevention, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, Adjuvants, Vaccine, Saponins, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Triterpenes, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Vaccine, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and cell biology, Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry
Abstract

QS-21 is a potent vaccine adjuvant currently sourced by extraction from the Chilean soapbark tree. It is a key component of human vaccines for shingles, malaria, coronavirus disease 2019 and others under development. The structure of QS-21 consists of a glycosylated triterpene scaffold coupled to a complex glycosylated 18-carbon acyl chain that is critical for immunostimulant activity. We previously identified the early pathway steps needed to make the triterpene glycoside scaffold; however, the biosynthetic route to the acyl chain, which is needed for stimulation of T cell proliferation, was unknown. Here, we report the biogenic origin of the acyl chain, characterize the series of enzymes required for its synthesis and addition and reconstitute the entire 20-step pathway in tobacco, thereby demonstrating the production of QS-21 in a heterologous expression system. This advance opens up unprecedented opportunities for bioengineering of vaccine adjuvants, investigating structure-activity relationships and understanding the mechanisms by which these compounds promote the human immune response.

Published
2024

4. Self-management of falling in Parkinson's disease : building upon experiences of people with Parkinson's, their caregivers and healthcare professionals to develop and conduct a feasibility study of a new intervention

Author

Owen, Charlotte, Roberts, Helen, Dennison, Laura Kathryn, and Kirby, Sarah

Subjects
362.1968
Abstract

Falls are common in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) and a recognised research priority. Falling is associated with physical and psychological morbidity for PwP and their informal caregivers. This thesis reports a mixed-methods programme of research to develop and conduct a feasibility study of a falls-based self-management intervention for PwP and their caregivers. A systematic review of falls-based self-management interventions was undertaken. Six studies were identified, and their self-management components and outcomes mapped. The review could not draw clear conclusions about the effect of these interventions or beneficial components that they should contain. A mixed-methods study of falls experiences was conducted. 61 PwP and 56 caregivers completed questionnaires and 20 PwP and 18 caregivers were interviewed. Falls experiences and selfmanagement were variable but unmet falls-related needs were consistently described, in particular, identifying reasons for falls and communicating with healthcare professionals (HCPs). A qualitative study exploring HCPs' experiences of falls in PwP was undertaken (n=12). HCPs discussed how current healthcare provision left dyads' needs unmet, and how challenging dyads' misperceptions of falling, and engaging them with falls-management, may enhance dyads-HCPscommunication. A falls-based self-management intervention was developed, drawing on existing literature and insights from the aforementioned PwP, caregiver and HCPs studies. The intervention consisted of a paper-based guide alongside brief telephone support. PwP, caregivers and HCPs (n=13) participated in usability testing, leading to intervention modifications. The acceptability and feasibility of the intervention was assessed in a mixed-methods study. 74 PwP and 58 caregivers completed pre and post intervention questionnaires. A subsample were interviewed (n=15 PwP, n=11 caregivers). Some described reduced falls concerns, increased focus on falls management and enhanced falls-related problem-solving. Ways to improve acceptability and engagement were identified. Further research should assess the efficacy of the intervention for falls and psychological outcomes in PwP and caregivers.

Published
2020

5. Plant genome mining for triterpene biosynthetic genes and gene clusters

Author

Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
572
Abstract

Plant specialised metabolites are highly diverse in their functions and chemistries. The discovery of plant biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and the rapidly increasing volume of sequence data available for analysis provides a timely opportunity for wide, comprehensive analyses of BGCs across plants. Triterpenes were chosen as exemplars for this, given the solid foundation of established literature and the existence of powerful characterisation platforms to permit an iterative synthetic biology approach. After an assessment of current BGC mining tools, key limitations were identified regarding accuracy and specificity of putative enzyme and pathway classifiers, as well as in variation of genome quality. Many of these limitations were overcome through the creation of systematic tools for locating, classifying and predicting the function of three key triterpene enzyme families: oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs), cytochrome P450s and glycosyl-transferases. The generation of these tools represent a step-change in our ability to effectively analyse large volumes of sequence data. In the application of these tools, a wide range of data were generated to explore the evolutionary patterns of these families in the Viridiplantae, across a taxonomic range an order of magnitude greater than previous studies. The dynamic and diverse nature of triterpene biosynthetic enzyme evolution was observed, and the methodologies validated by comparison to known biosynthetic pathways and gene clusters. These data, when combined with comprehensive enrichment analysis of gene families co-located with OSCs, have provided a wealth of options for future study. These include: assessing if variation in repertoires of key enzyme subfamilies between plant clades impacts their biosynthetic potential, designer metabolite synthesis via the use of rigorous synthetic biology approaches, assessing non-biosynthetic genes as potential components of BGCs and exploring the space between entirely clustered and non-clustered biosynthetic pathways to build a cohesive model for plant gene organisation in the context of specialised metabolism.

Published
2020

6. Quintessential inflation with a trap and axionic dark matter

Author

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos, Karčiauskas, Mindaugas, and Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

We study a new model of quintessential inflation which is inspired by supergravity and string theory. The model features a kinetic pole, which gives rise to the inflationary plateau, and a runaway quintessential tail. We envisage a coupling between the inflaton and the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) field which terminates the roll of the runaway inflaton and traps the latter at an enhanced symmetry point (ESP), thereby breaking the PQ symmetry. The kinetic density of the inflaton is transferred to the newly created thermal bath of the hot big bang due to the decay of PQ particles. The model successfully accounts for the observations of inflation and dark energy without any fine-tuning, while also resolving the strong CP problem of QCD and generating axionic dark matter, without isocurvature perturbations. Trapping the inflaton at the ESP ensures that the model does not suffer from the infamous 5th force problem, which typically plagues quintessence., Comment: Published version, 11 pages, 4 figures

Published
2019
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7. I-CARE, a European Prospective Cohort Study Assessing Safety and Effectiveness of Biologics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author

Gornet, Jean-Marc, Beaugerie, Laurent, Shaji, Sebastian, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent, Reimund, Jean-Marie, Hebuterne, Xavier, Amiot, Aurélien, Armelao, Franco, Blanc, Pierre, Papi, Claudio, De Chambrun, Guillaume Pineton, Roblin, Xavier, Chu, Karmiris, Konstantinos, Shariq, Sohail, Viazis, Nikolaos, Limdi, Jimmy, Eder H, Piotr, Michalopoulos, Georgios, Bell, Andrew, Biancone, Livia, Dewitte, Marie, Mazhar, Zia, Franchimont, Denis, Nancey, Stephane, Macaigne, Gilles, Principi, Maria Beatrice, Fumery, Mathurin, Parkes, Gareth, Valats, Jean-Christophe, Doherty, Glen, Bouguen, Guillaume, Molnar, Tamás, Tsai, Hersin, Gangi, Mohsin, Pedersen, Natalia, Heluwaert, Frédéric, Shenderey, Richard, Zeissig, Sebastian, Butterworth, Jeffrey, Castiglione, Fabiana, Corless, Lynsey, Zallot, Camille, Baert, Filip, Singh, Salil, Sonwalkar, Sunil, Clayton, Elizabeth, Rahier, Jean-François, Vani, Deven, Bellaiche, Guy, De Vos, Martine, Kirchgesner, Julien, Kopylov, Uri, Lobaton, Triana, Locher, Christophe, Mantzaris, Gerassimos, Abouda, George, Smith, Katie, Sprakes, Michael, Theodoropoulou, Angeliki, Wesley, Emma, Bonnet, Joëlle, Elphick, David, Gilletta, Cyrielle, Gordon, John, Laharie, David, Nakad, Antoine, Orlando, Ambrogio, Dubois, Patrick, Hasselblatt, Peter, Michiels, Christophe, Preston, Cathryn, Staicu, Anca, Vuitton, Lucine, Kaassis, Mehdi, Speight, Ally, Ghosh, Deb, Löwenberg, Mark, Mathieu, Nicolas, Pelletier, Anne-Laure, Phillips, Anne, Magro, Fernando, Altwegg, Romain, Avni, Irit, biron, Landy, Jonathon, Nachury, Maria, Shenoy, Achuth, Trang, Caroline, Abitbol, Vered, Bamias, Georgios, Farkas, Klaudia, Maaser, Christian, Shitrit, Ariella, Siegmund, Britta, Filippi, Jérôme, O'morain, Colm, Yanai, Henit, Costes, Laurent, Hobday, David, Szepes, Zoltán, Calabrese, Emma, Dallal, Helen, Fung, Michael, Ramadas, Arvind, Baburajan, Bijay, Koss, Konrad, Barberis, Christophe, Buisson, Anthony, Amil, Morgane, Balestrieri, Paola, Johnson, Matthew, Tzouvala, Maria, Viennot, Stéphanie, Nagy, Ferenc, Thompson, Nick, Alric, Laurent, Samuel, Sunil, Bourrier, Anne, Chanteloup, Elise, Del Tedesco, Emilie, Harbord, Marcus, Lobo, Alan, Myers, Sally, Pollok, Richard, Ahmad, Tariq, Chaudhary, Rakesh, Karakoidas, Christos, Soliman, Ashraf, Stefanescu, Carmen, Theocharis, Georgios, Branden, Stijn Vanden, Beltran, Belén, Bouhnik, Yoram, Bourreille, Arnaud, Branco, Joana, Colleypriest, Ben, Eliakim, Rami, Knight, Paul, O'toole, Aoibhlinn, Robles, Virgina, Triantafyllou, Konstantinos, Bosca, Marta Maia, Lambrecht, Guy, Mosquera, Lucia Marquez, Panter, Simon, Pappa, Aikaterini, Simon, Marion, Sivaji, Ganesh, Bellanger, Christophe, Belle, Arthur, Borruel, Natalia, Egan, Laurence, Peeters, Harald, Sharpstone, Daniel, Arasaradnam, Ramesh, Benitez, José Manuel, Dahlerup, Jens Frederik, Giouleme, Olga, Gisbert, Javier P., Helwig, Ulf, Minguez, Miguel, Tsironi, Eftychia, Variola, Angela, Allen, Patrick, Boivineau, Lucille, Cole, Andy, Dib, Nina, Gomollon, Fernando, Johnston, Richard, Katsanos, Konstantinos, Kennedy, Nick, Kiszka-Kanowitz, Marianne, Marin-Jimenez, Ignacio, Miheller, Pál, Nos, Pilar, Saraj, Othman, Vinter-Jensen, Lars, Zittan, Eran, Baudry, Clotilde, Calvet, Xavier, Cazelles-Boudier, Marie-Christine, Coenegrachts, Jean-Louis, Cullen, Garret, Daperno, Marco, Dhar, Anjan, Gerard, Romain, Jensen, Nanna, Maharshak, Nitsan, Mcalindon, Mark, Mcloughlin, Simon, Parkes, Miles, Patel, Kamal, Peixoto, Armando, Polymeros, Dimitrios, Portela, Francisco, Rocca, Rodolfo, Seksik, Philippe, Subramanian, Sreedhar, Tennenbaum, Ruth, Atreya, Raja, Bachmann, Oliver, Berger, Arthur, Bor, Renáta, Buckley, Maire, Carpio, Daniel, Chaparro, María, Costa, Francesco, Domenech, Eugeni, Esteve, Maria, Foley, Stephen, Guardiola, Jordi, Koutroubakis, Ioannis, Kuehbacher, Tanja, Landman, Cécilia, Lavagna, Alessandro, Manceñido, Noemí, Mañosa, Míriam, Martín-Arranz, Maria Dolores, Plastaras, Laurianne, Scribano, Maria Lia, Sengupta, Subhasish, Teich, Nils, Tran-Minh, My-Linh, Zampeli, Evanthia, Amininejad, Leila, Arroyo, Teresa, Attar, Alain, Backman, Ann-Sofie, Bálint, Anita, Beckly, John, Ben Horin, Shomron, Bernardo, Sónia, Caillo, Ludovic, Caron, Bénédicte, Shanika de Silva, María, FábiáN, Anna, Fiorino, Gionata, Gutierrez, Ana, Lahat, Adi, Masmoudi, Mohamed, Mendolaro, Marco, Muls, Vinciane, Poullenot, Florian, Probert, Christopher, Reenaers, Catherine, Rutka, Mariann, Sarwari, Zaman, Sayer, Joanne, Sicilia, Beatriz, Sousa, Helena, van Kemseke, Catherine, Zabana, Yamile, Astegiano, Marco, Banim, Paul, Bettenworth, Dominik, Boualit, Médina, Brodersen, Jacob Broder, Christidou, Angeliki, Cooney, Rachel, Pinto, João Cortez, Cravo, Portugal Marília, Cremer, Anneline, Danese, Silvio, di Sabatino, Antonio, Fallingborg, Jan, Ferronato, Antonio, Planella, Esther Garcia, Gupta, Sanjay, Halfvarson, Jonas, Israeli, Eran, Kestenbaum, Samantha, Larsen, Lone, Macken, Elisabeth, Mathou, Nicoletta, Milassin, Ágnes, Pofelski, Joanna, Ricci, Chiara, Rodriguez-Moranta, Francisco, Schmidt-Lauber, Martin, Shaw, Ian, Soares, Marta, Soliman, Heithem, Triantos, Christos, Zografos, Konstantinos, Agrawal, Anurag, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Aubourg, Alexandre, Acosta, Manuel Barreiro-de, Barrio, Jesús, Bergemalm, Daniel, Bermejo, Fernando, Bodini, Giorgia, Bohr, Johan, Bossuyt, Peter, Christodoulou, Dimitrios, Claessens, Christophe, Collins, Paul, de Francisco, Ruth, Garcia, Santiago, Georgopoulos, Sotirios, Goutorbe, Felix, Kalantzis, Chrisostomos, Kourikou, Anastasia, Mace, Vincent, Malamut, Georgia, Ministro, Paula, Larmurier, Isabelle Nion, Ricart, Elena, Serrero, Mélanie, Sheridan, Juliette, Weimers, Petra, Andersen, Vibeke, Arroja, Bruno, Bokemeyer, Bernd, Bujanda, Luis, Degand, Thibault, Eriksson, Carl, Garceau, Cécile, Glerup, Henning, Goren, Idan, Jackson, Lucina, Koch, Stéphane, Mesonero, Francisco, Ordas, Ingrid, Riviere, Pauline, Saibeni, Simone, Soares, João, Tavernier, Noémie, Theede, Klaus, Ungar, Bella, Bästlein, Elke, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Protopapas, Andreas, Reindl, Wolfgang, Bossa, Fabrizio, Hart, Ailsa, Heil, Franz-Josef, O'Connor, Anthony, Oldenburg, Bas, Pastorelli, Luca, Stephen patchett, Ramakrishnan, Subramaniam, de Caestecker, John, Echarri, Ana, Kevans, David, Büning, Jürgen, Coelho, Rosa, Jansen, Jeroen, Koslowski, Benjamin, Wells, Christopher, Ceballos, Daniel, König, Ingrid, Padmanabhan, Hari, Patani, Timi, Qureshi, Raheel, Zagorowicz, Edyta, Allez, Matthieu, Archavlis, Emmanouil, Bonnet, Delphine, Guidi, Luisa, Mcnamara, Deirdre, Vernia, Piero, Weidenhiller, Michael, Alon, Lang, Boysen, Trine, Delattre, Charlotte, Farrell, Richard, Krüger, Rolf-Achim, Paupard, Thierry, Vind, Ida, Caprioli, Flavio, Gancho, Vladimir, Quentin, Vincent, Avidan, Benjamin, D’Haens, Geert, Mccarthy, Jane, Snook, Jonathon, Soufleris, Konstantinos, Zerbib, Frank, Carter, Dan, Depla, Annekatrien, Eisenbach, Thomas, Fries, Walter, Grammatikos, Nikolaos, Ilegems, Saskia, Lopez-Sanroman, Antonio, Moreau, Jacques, Riegler, Gabriele, Rietdijk, Svend, Rocha, Marta, Rosa, Isabelle, Ryan, Barbara, Yeremenko, Yelena, Boruchowicz, Arnaud, Damião, Filipe, Laoudi, Foteini, Lügering, Andreas, Macarri, Giampiero, Thomopoulos, Konstantinos, Barros, Luísa, Blixt, Thomas, Garros, Aurélien, Khorrami, Sam, Sokol, Harry, Sturm, Andreas, Livovsky, Dan, Maul, Jochen, Miks, Heinrich, Papadopoulos, Vasileios, Schmidt, Carsten, Snir, Yifat, Svenningsen, Lise, Ahmed, Wafaa, Broitman, Yelena, Cuillerier, Emmanuel, Kant, Prashant, Leyden, Jan, Lichtenstein, Lev, Lopes, Susana, Martineau, Chloé, Mulcahy, Hugh, Schweitzer, Axel, Van Schaik, Fiona, Banai, Hagar, Danion, Pauline, Dulery, Charlotte, Fidder, Herma, Gay, Claire, Hagege, Hervé, Harnois, Florence, Jørgensen, Søren Peter, Müller-Ziehm, Jens, Oikonomou, Michail, Palmela, Carolina, Schulze/Röske, Jörg, Smith, Mark, Thurm, Tamar, Bresso, Francesca, Brixi, Hedia, Jones, John, Macmathuna, Padraig, Painchart, Claire, Ron, Yulia, Vester-Andersen, Marianne, Alexandrino, Gonçalo, Börner, Norbert, Cardoso, Mariana, Chagas, Cristina, Dignaß, Axel, Dotan, Iris, Hedin, Charlotte, Karatzas, Pantelis, Kasapidis, Panagiotis, Palatka, Károly, Sakizlis, Georgios, Wilson, Ana, Bosanko, Nick, Caldeira, Paulo, Gagniere, Charlotte, Libier, Louise, Meunier, Camille, Moog, Gero, Pasquion, Audrey, Pica, Roberta, Akbar, Ayesha, Arab, Nadia, Cadiot, Guillaume, Carvalho, João, Charpignon, Claire, Fellermann, Laus, Fishman, Sigal, Fraser, Gerald, Gluck, Nathan, Hoesl, Mark, Kierkus, Jarosław, Klopocka, Maria, Arranz, Eduardo Martin, Menchen, Luis, Nikolaus, Susanna, Petrache, Anca, Ponsioen, Cyriel, Riestra, Sabino, Robledo, Pilar, Rodriguez, Cristina, Samer, Misheal, Tischer, Matthias, Wypych, Joanna, Baudon, Julien, Bezzio, Cristina, Boschetti, Gilles, Burisch, Johan, Creed, Tom, Demarzo, Maria Giulia, Festa, Stefano, Figueroa, Andrés, Julsgaard, Mette, Navarro, Pablo, Perez-Galindo, Pablo, Rouillon, Cléa, Sablich, Emanuele, Tosca, Joan, Vidon, Mathias, Vidon, Marine, Vitte, René-Louis, Wampach, Anne, Baumann, Cédric, Urmes, Isabelle Clerc, Rousseau, Hélène, Borie, Marc, Uzzan, Mathieu, Chatten, Kelly, Peter, Rimmer, Tariq, Iqbal, Cossignani, Marta, Cañete, Fiorella, Holvoet, Tom, Krasz, Susanne, Dias, Sandra, Abalia, Hadas, Abaza, Aziza, Abramovich, Gal, Ackzell, Ingrid, Adams, Carol, Addleton, Catherine, Alfambra, Erika, Algaba, Alicia, Allcock, Clare, Allison, Joanna, Amouriaux, Karine, Anderson, Julie, Anderson, Emma, Appelmans, Saskia, Armstrong, Lisa, Atkins, Stacey, Attaran-Bandarabadi, Masoumeh, Bailey, Yvonne, Bardot, Stephanie, Beck, Natasha, Bennett, Lillie, Bergfeld, Jonathan Phil, Berkane, Ramdane, Boey, Hanne, Bowlas, Louise, Bradley-Potts, Joanne, Brear, Tracy, Bretlander-Peters, Nicole, Brown, Ellen, Brown, Johanna, Buckingham, Elizabeth, Buellens, Katrien, Bull, Rhian, Burke, Maura, Burns, Leighanne, Burton, Julie, Bwalya, Agness, Cabanas, Karine, Callaghan, Muriel, Camou, Océane, Campbell, Debbie, Capoferro, Elvira, Carnahan, Mandy, Carnio, Cornelia, Carter, Anne, Clack, Concetta Casali, Chedouba, Leïla, Cipriano, Bessie, Claeys, Sophie, Closset, Manon, Coban, Dilek, Cococcia, Sara, Coe, Carolann, Cole, Helen, Collet, Emilie, Collins, Kayleigh, Combes, Isabelle, Connor, Emma, Constantin, Kathryn, Cooke, Susan, Cornet, Nathanaëlle, Corrihons, Estelle, Corsino, Pilar, Cortaville, Rosie, Cotterill, Donna, Cowton, Amanda, Cox, Harriet, Cripps, Viktoria, Crowder, Amanda, Cukier, Tzufit, Daniel, Amelia, Dawe, Chris, de Haan, Jose, Croix, Rosanna de la, Dejonckheere, Evva, Villanegro, Juan Delare, Delaval, Guillaume, Delliponti, Mariangela, Delommez, Aude, Detry, Emilie, Dhanaratne, Melanie, Galan, Laura Diez, Dodel, Marie, Dooks, Emma, Du Cheyron, Joseph, Duane, Linda, Vulgo Cochran, Jennifer Dulling, Dyer, Simona, Dymond, Harvey, Ekblad, Charlotte, Elliott, Kerry, Emmerson, Ingrid, Eugene-Jolchine, Irène, Fleming, Lorna, Fletcher, Eve, Ford, Sarah, Forshaw, Greg, Foulds, Angela, Francois, Caroline, Fuge, Nicole, Gafni, Gal, Ganon, Miri, Nuñez, Olga Garcia, Ramirez, Laura Garcia, Gelder, Sophie, Gettkowski, Raimonda, Gilardi, Daniela, Giuffrida, Paolo, Gobert, Vincent, Godden, Jo, Godwin, Nuala, Goulden, Kay, Graham, Sharon, Green, Charlotte, Green, Marie, Gueye, Aboubakar, Guler, Tuba, Gustavsson, Ida, Hadjisavvas, Helena, Hammonds, Fiona, Hantzi, Christina, Hauke, Marion, Haydock, Julie, Hayes, Orla, Nislev, Lizette Helbo, Hochstodter, Jessica, Hogg, Ashleigh, Hölbing, Manuela, Holland, Maureen, Holsbergen, Maartje, Howard, Linda, Hoyda, Aviya, Hull, Robert, Irish, Jane, Jackson, Wendy, Janssen, Wendy, Jeffrey, Lesley, Jourdan, Sofia, Jutrowska, Izabela, Kaniel, Chava, Karezos, Theofilos, Kelly, Niamh, Kelly, Jessica, Kennedy, Mary, Kennedy, Una, Kibaru, Joyce, Kirkman, Gemma, Klaproth, Janine, Kneese, Corinna, Koch, Andrea, Kokke, Kathleen, Koppelow, Martha, Krause, Sabine, Krauspe, Sabine, Kwakkenbos, Petra, Labarile, Nunzia, Lang, Hannah, Lassailly, Marianne, Leconte, Martine, Lepczynski, Linda, Levell, Emma, Levhar, Nina, Lindhort, Kerstin, Lisle, Jessica, Cauce, Beatriz Lopez, Lorenz, Gabriele, Lovati, Ambra, Lowry, Tracey, Lund, Margareta, Vorderbrügge, Anne Lutz, Maansson, Suzanne, Madapathage, Videsheka, Cheviakoff, Maelys, Magness, Alison, Manley, Orla, Manyoni, Catherine, Marg, Ingke, Marra, Antonella, Martins, Carole, Massella, Arianna, Mathias, Aurore, Mervyn, Danielle, Minsart, Charlotte, Mitchell, Sally, Monks, Kathleen, Montero, Mélanie, Moore, Alson, Moser, Maren, Moss, Alison, Mullen, Angela, Murciano, M. Francisca, Naylor, Deanna, Nehus, Ansgar, Nicholson, Anne, Nöding, Sarah, Nolan, Sinead, Nörenberg, Janet, Northcott, Clare, O'Connell, Jim, O’Kelly, Alison, Orbach-Zingboim, Noam, Orobitg, Judit, Otieno, Charlene, Owen, Charlotte, Patch, Sarah, Pauker, Maor, Pauli, Renate, Pearson, Harriet, Peggy, Falgon, Petit, Séverine, Petrissans, Christine, Piergallini, Simona, Pippard, Lucy, Pitt, Laura, Pócsik, Gabriella, Poher, Yoann, Pomes, Chloé, Pritchard, Lucy, Puchades, Laura, Quaid, Sheena, Rana, Aleem, Raynard, Dana, Reilly, Mykla, Reinert, Sonja, Reinknecht, Manuela, Renner, Baerbel, Reynolds, Rob, Rizzuto, Giulia, Robinson, Matthew, Robrechts, Joke, Rodriguez, Eva M., Rosenblum, Efrat, Russel, Tamlyn, Sadare, Ibiyemi, Salama, Noa, Schakel, Toos, Schauer, Anja, Schiavoni, Elisa, Shaw, Caroline, Shelton, Sarah, Sicart, Virginie, Siouville, Elodie, Smith, Orla, Soude, Théo, Stephenson, Sophie, Stephenson, Elaine, Steppe, Marjan, Sterkx, An, Stickley, Jo, Sugrue, Kathleen, Swietec, Natalia, Tasiaux, Charlotte, Thamu, Bhavneet, Thomas, Susane, Tobi, Ogwa, Touabi, Kahina, Tovi, Shifra, Tregonning, Julie, Turchini, Laura, Unkhoff, Julia, Unruh, Olesya, Uzun, Nurcan, Van Aert, Frauke, Bergh, Sandrine Vanden, Vandenbroucke, Louise, Vansteenkiste, Laura, Vardit, Shay, Vergriete, Valentin, Walker, Elaine, Warner, Eleanor, Watchorn, Olivia, Watson, Ekaterina, Wauthier, Marie-Claire, Weetman, Belgium Maria, Weston, Margaret, West-Petroschka, Wiebke, Wienecke, Susann, Wierling, Kerstin, Wiestler, Miriam, Wilcox, Rebecca, Wilhelmsen, Elva, Williams, Angharad, Williamson, Georgina, Wilson, Deborah, Wistance, Kate, Wortmann, Nicolas, Wurie, Subie, Yadgar, Karin, Young, Gail, Young, Megan, Aucouturier, Julien, Bertin, Marie- Jo, Bougrine, Hasnae, Coisnon, Marie, Defrance, Antoine, Gutierrez, Kati, Harouz, Amel, Jerber, Laure, Khlifi, Aida, Kirati, Amina, Liworo, Nasaladjine, Logoltat, Maude, Mailhat, Charlotte, M'Bayi, Chancely, Medane, Yasmina, Merkhoufa, Dalal, Elhad, Saouda Mohamed, Monthe, Bertille, Moyon, Fanny, Rabiega, Pascaline, Sekela, Jennifer, Thilloy, Charlotte, Hamamouche, Naima, Partisotti, Frederic, Blandin, Patrick, Mokhtari, Hocine, Coutard, Laure, and Doherty, Glen A.

Published
2023
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8. The Universe during epochs of accelerating expansion

Author

Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
530
Abstract

Cosmic inflation, the accelerated expansion of the early Universe, is an accepted pillar in the foundations of modern cosmology. This is due mainly to its success at explaining several anomalies between observations and the existing Hot Big Bang model of the Universe, but a specific model is not agreed upon in the literature. The Universe has also recently been observed to enter another phase of accelerating expansion, driven by an unexplained mechanism called 'dark energy'. The research presented in this thesis grows organically; starting with an investigation into novel inflationary models and developing into quintessential inflation models. The latter explain both the primordial inflation and dark energy observations using one minimal framework. A new family of inflation models is presented, which excellently match observations for natural parameter values, and a derivation from supergravity is demonstrated. A period of thermal inflation allows the supergravity realisation of hybrid inflation to be realigned with observations. A new approach to inflection-point inflation is developed, which is considerably less fine-tuned and exotic than previous models. Two novel quintessential inflation models are introduced, the first embedded in α-attractors - a compelling framework of inflationary model building and the second in Gauss-Bonnet gravity - an extension to General Relativity. Detailed investigations of reheating after inflation are undertaken, focusing on gravitational reheating and instant preheating, analysing the necessary constraints including those from supergravity. Along the way, there is a brief diversion into primordial black holes, investigating how a slow reheating period affects their formation rates.

Published
2019
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9. Primordial Black Hole Formation During Slow Reheating After Inflation

Author

Carr, Bernard, Dimopoulos, Konstantinos, Owen, Charlotte, and Tenkanen, Tommi

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe during a period of slow reheating after inflation. We demonstrate how the PBH formation mechanism may change even before the end of the matter-dominated phase and calculate the expected PBH mass function. We find that there is a threshold for the variance of the density contrast, $\sigma_c \simeq 0.05$, below which the transition occurs even before reheating, with this having important consequences for the PBH mass function. We also show that there is a maximum cut-off for the PBH mass at around $100\,M_{\odot}$, below which the subdominant radiation bath affects PBH production, making the scenario particularly interesting for the recent LIGO observations of black hole mergers., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. v2: added discussion and references; matches the published version

Published
2018
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10. Instant Preheating in Quintessential Inflation with $\alpha$-Attractors

Author

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos, Wood, Leonora Donaldson, and Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

We investigate a compelling model of quintessential inflation in the context of $\alpha$-attractors, which naturally result in a scalar potential featuring two flat regions, the inflationary plateau and the quintessential tail. The "asymptotic freedom" of $\alpha$-attractors, near the kinetic poles, suppresses radiative corrections and interactions, which would otherwise threaten to lift the flatness of the quintessential tail and cause a 5th-force problem respectively. Since this is a non-oscillatory inflation model, we reheat the Universe through instant preheating. The parameter space is constrained by both inflation and dark energy requirements. We find an excellent correlation between the inflationary observables and model predictions, in agreement with the $\alpha$-attractors set-up. We also obtain successful quintessence for natural values of the parameters. Our model predicts potentially sizeable tensor perturbations (at the level of 1%) and a slightly varying equation of state for dark energy, to be probed in the near future., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures. Appendix and additional author added

Published
2017
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11. Gauss-Bonnet-coupled Quintessential Inflation

Author

van de Bruck, Carsten, Dimopoulos, Konstantinos, Longden, Chris, and Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

We study in detail a new model of quintessential inflation where the inflaton field is coupled to the Gauss-Bonnet term. This coupling ensures that the variation of the field is kept sub-Planckian, which avoids the 5th force problem as well as the lifting of the flatness of the quintessential tail in the runaway scalar potential due to radiative corrections. We find that the inflationary predictions of the model are in excellent agreement with CMB observations, while the coincidence requirement of dark energy is satisfied with natural values of the parameters, overcoming thereby the extreme fine-tuning of the cosmological constant in $\Lambda$CDM., Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure

Published
2017

12. Loop inflection-point inflation

Author

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos, Owen, Charlotte, and Racioppi, Antonio

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

A novel inflection-point inflation model is analysed. The model considers a massless scalar field, whose self-coupling's running is stabilised by a non-renormalisable operator. The running is controlled by a fermion loop. We find that successful inflation is possible for a natural value of the Yukawa coupling $y\simeq 4\times 10^{-4}$. The necessary fine-tuning is only $\sim 10^{-6}$, which improves on the typical tuning of inflection-point inflation models, such as MSSM inflation. The model predicts a spectral index within the 1-$\sigma$ bound of the latest CMB observations, with negligible tensors ($r\sim 10^{-(9-10)}$). These results are largely independent of the order of the stabilising non-renormalisable operator., Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. Published version

Published
2017
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13. Quintessential Inflation with $\alpha$-attractors

Author

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos and Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

A novel approach to quintessential inflation model building is studied, within the framework of $\alpha$-attractors, motivated by supergravity theories. Inflationary observables are in excellent agreement with the latest CMB observations, while quintessence explains the dark energy observations without any fine-tuning. The model is kept intentionally minimal, avoiding the introduction of many degrees of freedom, couplings and mass scales. In stark contrast to $\Lambda$CDM, for natural values of the parameters, the model attains transient accelerated expansion, which avoids the future horizon problem, while it maintains the field displacement mildly sub-Planckian such that the flatness of the quintessential tail is not lifted by radiative corrections and violations of the equivalence principle (fifth force) are under control. In particular, the required value of the cosmological constant is near the eletroweak scale. Attention is paid to the reheating of the Universe, which avoids gravitino overproduction and respects nucleosynthesis constraints. Kination is treated in a model independent way. A spike in gravitational waves, due to kination, is found not to disturb nucleosynthesis as well., Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures, published version

Published
2017
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14. Modelling Inflation with a Power-law Approach to the Inflationary Plateau

Author

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos and Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

A new family of inflationary models is introduced and analysed. The behaviour of the parameters characterising the models suggest preferred values, which generate the most interesting testable predictions. Results are further improved if late reheating and/or a subsequent period of thermal inflation is taken into account. Specific model realisations consider a sub-Planckian inflaton variation or a potential without fine-tuning of mass scales, based on the Planck and grand unified theory scales. A toy model realisation in the context of global and local supersymmetry is examined and results fitting the Planck observations are determined., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures

Published
2016
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15. How Thermal Inflation can save Minimal Hybrid Inflation in Supergravity

Author

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos and Owen, Charlotte

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Minimal hybrid inflation in supergravity has been ruled out by the 2015 Planck observations because the spectral index of the produced curvature perturbation falls outside observational bounds. To resurrect the model, a number of modifications have been put forward but many of them spoil the accidental cancellation that resolves the eta-problem and require complicated Kahler constructions to counterbalance the lost cancellation. In contrast, in this paper the model is rendered viable by supplementing the scenario with a brief period of thermal inflation, which follows the reheating of primordial inflation. The scalar field responsible for thermal inflation requires a large non-zero vacuum expectation value (VEV) and a flat potential. We investigate the VEV of such a flaton field and its subsequent effect on the inflationary observables. We find that, for large VEV, minimal hybrid inflation in supergravity produces a spectral index within the 1-sigma Planck bound and a tensor-to-scalar ratio which may be observable in the near future. The mechanism is applicable to other inflationary models., Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, published version

Published
2016
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16. Subtelomeric assembly of a multi-gene pathway for antimicrobial defense compounds in cereals

Author

Li, Yan, Leveau, Aymeric, Zhao, Qiang, Feng, Qi, Lu, Hengyun, Miao, Jiashun, Xue, Zheyong, Martin, Azahara C., Wegel, Eva, Wang, Jing, Orme, Anastasia, Rey, Maria-Dolores, Karafiátová, Miroslava, Vrána, Jan, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Joynson, Ryan, Owen, Charlotte, Reed, James, Louveau, Thomas, Stephenson, Michael J., Zhang, Lei, Huang, Xuehui, Huang, Tao, Fan, Danling, Zhou, Congcong, Tian, Qilin, Li, Wenjun, Lu, Yiqi, Chen, Jiaying, Zhao, Yan, Lu, Ying, Zhu, Chuanrang, Liu, Zhenhua, Polturak, Guy, Casson, Rebecca, Hill, Lionel, Moore, Graham, Melton, Rachel, Hall, Neil, Wulff, Brande B. H., Doležel, Jaroslav, Langdon, Tim, Han, Bin, and Osbourn, Anne

Published
2021
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18. Elucidation of the pathway for biosynthesis of saponin adjuvants from the soapbark tree

Author

Reed, James, primary, Orme, Anastasia, additional, El-Demerdash, Amr, additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Martin, Laetitia B. B., additional, Misra, Rajesh C., additional, Kikuchi, Shingo, additional, Rejzek, Martin, additional, Martin, Azahara C., additional, Harkess, Alex, additional, Leebens-Mack, Jim, additional, Louveau, Thomas, additional, Stephenson, Michael J., additional, and Osbourn, Anne, additional

Published
2023
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19. Complex scaffold remodeling in plant triterpene biosynthesis

Author

De La Peña, Ricardo, primary, Hodgson, Hannah, additional, Liu, Jack Chun-Ting, additional, Stephenson, Michael J., additional, Martin, Azahara C., additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Harkess, Alex, additional, Leebens-Mack, Jim, additional, Jimenez, Luis E., additional, Osbourn, Anne, additional, and Sattely, Elizabeth S., additional

Published
2023
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20. Learning about the changing needs for prosthetics service provision from routinely collected digital centre management data: An exemplar study across three clinics in Cambodia

Author

Dickinson, Alex, primary, Gates, Lucy, additional, Metcalf, Cheryl, additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Kheng, Sisary, additional, Harte, Carson, additional, Bunthoeun, Sam, additional, Simpson, Sam, additional, Worsley, Peter, additional, Ostler, Chantel, additional, Donovan-Hall, Maggie, additional, and Channon, Amos, additional

Published
2022
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22. Complex scaffold remodeling in plant triterpene biosynthesis

Author

De La Peña, Ricardo, primary, Hodgson, Hannah, additional, Liu, Jack C.T., additional, Stephenson, Michael J., additional, Martin, Azahara C., additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Harkess, Alex, additional, Leebens-Mack, Jim, additional, Jimenez, Luis E., additional, Osbourn, Anne, additional, and Sattely, Elizabeth S., additional

Published
2022
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23. Experience of paediatric healthcare professionals with the questionnaire ‘’We would like to know you!’’

Author

Morgan-Owen, Charlotte and Morgan-Owen, Charlotte

Abstract

Introduction: Person-centred care is considered to be the core of healthcare, drawing attention to values and preferences of patients regarding their healthcare. Person-centred care plays an equally important role in paediatric healthcare, particularly in potential additional communicative difficulties for paediatric patients to convey their wishes. Implementation of the questionnaire ‘’We would like to know you!’’ aims to support person-centred care for paediatric patients. This study investigates the user experience of the questionnaire and the extent to which it supports person-centred care from the perspective of the healthcare professional. Method: A retrospective interview content analysis was conducted, using a qualitative narrative research method. Healthcare professionals were interviewed according to a topic list. Results: Eleven healthcare professionals were interviewed, including doctors, nurses and educational workers. The questionnaire’s overall use indicated a low level of application, partly due to its’ early stage of implementation and the choice to approach only new patients. However, the majority of those utilizing the questionnaire found it practical in use, providing additional information in either getting to know their patient, facilitate contact or as a way of being alerted of children or topics in need of additional attention during consultation. Conclusion: Based on these findings, the questionnaire could contribute to supporting more person-centred care. However, when primarily approached as a tool to improve efficiency in healthcare, person-centred care could be diminished. Future research is recommended on a larger group of participants, further identifying the various ways the questionnaire is utilized to support its’ aim of more person-centred care.

Published
2022

24. Pathogen-induced biosynthetic pathways encode defense-related molecules in bread wheat

Author

Polturak, Guy, primary, Dippe, Martin, additional, Stephenson, Michael J., additional, Chandra Misra, Rajesh, additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Ramirez-Gonzalez, Ricardo H., additional, Haidoulis, John F., additional, Schoonbeek, Henk-Jan, additional, Chartrain, Laetitia, additional, Borrill, Philippa, additional, Nelson, David R., additional, Brown, James K.M., additional, Nicholson, Paul, additional, Uauy, Cristobal, additional, and Osbourn, Anne, additional

Published
2022
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27. Genome Mining Uncovers Clustered Biosynthetic Pathways for Defense-Related Molecules in Bread Wheat

Author

Polturak, Guy, primary, Dippe, Martin, additional, Stephenson, Michael J, additional, Misra, Rajesh Chandra, additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Ramirez-Gonzalez, Ricardo, additional, Haidioulis, John, additional, Schoonbeek, Henk-Jan, additional, Chartrain, Laetitia, additional, Borrill, Philippa, additional, Nelson, David R, additional, Brown, James, additional, Nicholson, Paul, additional, Uauy, Cristobal, additional, and Osbourn, Anne, additional

Published
2021
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29. Can our beloved NHS BE SAVED?

Author

BUCKWELL, ANDY and OWEN, CHARLOTTE

Subjects
TOTAL knee replacement, KNEE braces, ORTHOPEDIC surgery, ELECTIVE surgery, BRITISH people
Abstract

The article discusses the increasing number of UK residents seeking medical treatment abroad due to long waiting times for surgery within the National Health Service (NHS). The number of patients going abroad for treatment has risen by a third since lockdown, with leading clinics in countries such as Lithuania, Poland, Croatia, and France seeing a surge in British patients seeking elective surgery. However, caution is advised by experts, as the quality of care abroad may vary, and patients should consider the possible risks of complications. The article also provides examples of the price differences for surgeries in different countries. The Labour Party proposes a plan to address the issue by increasing the number of operations and appointments through additional funding and incentivizing staff to work evenings and weekends. The Department of Health and Social Care claims to have made progress in reducing waiting lists and is committed to further improvements. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

30. THE BAREFACED TRUTH.

Author

OWEN, CHARLOTTE

Subjects
TELECOMMUTING, FRAUD, LIPSTICK, EYEBROWS, TODDLERS
Abstract

This article, titled "THE BAREFACED TRUTH," features the personal experience of Charlotte Owen, a 38-year-old mother of two, who challenged herself to go a week without wearing makeup. Owen comes from a family of women who love makeup, and she has always been hooked on it since trying her mother's blusher at the age of 11. Throughout the week, Owen felt self-conscious and unsure about the bare-faced look, especially when attending social events and meeting people in a work capacity. Ultimately, she concluded that while others may not care about her appearance, she personally prefers wearing makeup. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

32. Self-management of falling in Parkinson’s Disease: Building upon experiences of people with Parkinson’s, their Caregivers and Healthcare Professionals to develop and conduct a feasibility study of a new intervention.

Author

Owen, Charlotte. and Owen, Charlotte.

Abstract

Falls are common in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) and a recognised research priority. Falling is associated with physical and psychological morbidity for PwP and their informal caregivers. This thesis reports a mixed-methods programme of research to develop and conduct a feasibility study of a falls-based self-management intervention for PwP and their caregivers. A systematic review of falls-based self-management interventions was undertaken. Six studies were identified, and their self-management components and outcomes mapped. The review could not draw clear conclusions about the effect of these interventions or beneficial components that they should contain. A mixed-methods study of falls experiences was conducted. 61 PwP and 56 caregivers completed questionnaires and 20 PwP and 18 caregivers were interviewed. Falls experiences and selfmanagement were variable but unmet falls-related needs were consistently described, in particular, identifying reasons for falls and communicating with healthcare professionals (HCPs). A qualitative study exploring HCPs’ experiences of falls in PwP was undertaken (n=12). HCPs discussed how current healthcare provision left dyads’ needs unmet, and how challenging dyads’ misperceptions of falling, and engaging them with falls-management, may enhance dyads-HCPscommunication. A falls-based self-management intervention was developed, drawing on existing literature and insights from the aforementioned PwP, caregiver and HCPs studies. The intervention consisted of a paper-based guide alongside brief telephone support. PwP, caregivers and HCPs (n=13) participated in usability testing, leading to intervention modifications. The acceptability and feasibility of the intervention was assessed in a mixed-methods study. 74 PwP and 58 caregivers completed pre and post intervention questionnaires. A subsample were interviewed (n=15 PwP, n=11 caregivers). Some described reduced falls concerns, increased

Published
2020

33. Follow-on RifAximin for the Prevention of recurrence following standard treatment of Infection withClostridium Difficile(RAPID): a randomised placebo controlled trial

Author

Major, Giles, Bradshaw, Lucy, Boota, Nafisa, Sprange, Kirsty, Diggle, Mathew, Montgomery, Alan, Jawhari, Aida, Spiller, Robin C, Fahy, Sarah, Allen, Rob, Walker, Sarah, Childs, Margo, Bumphrey, Gill, Simpkins, Daniel, Whitaker, Keith, Hodgson, Sheila, Cook, Bernie, Falcone, Yirga, Budd, Patrick, Sloan, Tim, Jalanka, Jonna, Ahmad, Saqib, Foreman, Helen, Garratt, Jill, Pyke, Shirley, Rorison, Brian, Patel, Mina, Shonde, Anthony, Kemp, Sam, Allsop, Lynn, Mossad, Alison, Heeley, Cheryl, Taylor, Nicholas, Misra, Sharat, Foley, Stephen, Wade, Lynn, Clarke, Rebecca, Kewley, Rebecca, Palmer, Sally, Boam, Samantha, Haigh, Steve, Hussain, Yassar, Downes, Charlotte, Grant, Claire, Barnes, Elizabeth, Williams, Jessica, Horne, Kerry, Kimber, Lindsey, Harper, Margaret, Fox, Peter, Humphries, Ryan, Brear, Tracy, Abbott, Wendy, Craig, Sarah, Yazdani, Farah, Forrest, Helen, Lacey, Julia, Garsed, Klara, Turner, Rebecca, Hebden, John, Humphreys, John, Fofie, Joyce, Sorrel, Julie, Armitage, Kelsey, Ryalls, Kim, Davy, Mark, Agyemang, Michael, Birchall, Sarah, Booth, Stephen, Partridge, David, Lithgow, Jim, Whileman, Amanda, Adams-Heath, Charlotte, Elphick, David, Hall, Emily, Naylor, Greg, Toms, Julie, Dear, Keith, Stevenson, Lesley, Wright, Stephanie, Baker, Alison, Yeomans, Angela, Owen, Charlotte, Adams, Colene, Wilfred, Doyin, Button, Heather, Butterworth, Jeffery, Jones, John, Carnahan, Mandy, Painter, Sharen, Dhar, Anjan, Clark, Anne, Shaw, Claire, Deane, Jill, Stevenson, Lynsey, Wood, Michelle, Henthorn, Rebecca, Nendick, Richard, Kennedy, Anthony, Gamble, Penny, Burnip, Rachel, Nayar, Deepa, Hobday, David, Edwards, Michelle, Oates, Pauline, Beard, Roderick, Settle, Chris, Dungla, Eleanor, Crosbie, James, Holden, Jill, Painter, John, Richardson, Leigh, Fairle, Louise, Carr, Pauline, Cowlam, Simon, Butler, Stephan, Dixon, Andrew, Das, Debashish, Bharkhada, Dhiren, Kessell, Jeannie, Tate, Jemma, Novasg, Jo, Fosbrook, Julie, Raymode, Parizade, Harris, Andrew, Homer, Anthony, Oglesby, Arabis, Jeppesen, Catherine, Maitland, Dennise, Gibbins, Jackie, Wilshire, Simon, Noyle, Emma, Moss, Gloria, Ashcroft, Pauline, Skotnicka, Agnieska, Boyce, Andrea, Wheater, Gill, Thompson, Jane, Wong, Jason, Tregonning, Julie, Ramadas, Arvind, Sweeney, Danielle, Dallal, Helen, McGivern, Julie, Jackson, Wendy, Hanson, Clare, Brewer, Chris, Graham, Clive, Hetherington, Emily, Crowther, Hannah, Fairlamb, Helen, Thronthwaite, Sarah, Wilson, Toni, Poultney, Una, Mcskeane, Anna, Crucerson, Elena, King, Barbara, Merritt, Carley, Palmer, Caroline, Narh, Christina, Williams, Claire, Ashrafi, Mariam, Brown, Matthew, Topping, Megan, Stanford, Sophia, Swanson, Linda, Lloyd, David, Cooke, Duncan, Hellstrom, Johanna, Gordon, John, Elliott, Julie, Gamble, Karen, Gwiggner, Markus, Croome, Victoria, Frith, Angela, Booker, Cheryl, Ball, Darren, Levell, Emma, Smith, Michelle, Stroud, Mike, Kean, Miranda, Fenn, Monica, Dharmasiri, Suranda, Razanskaite, Violetia, Ford, Meirion, Said, Rasha, Day, Tracey, Jones, Graeme, Mitchell, Julie, Bitouche, Yazmin, Hammond, Clare, Sahota, Gurminder, Steed, Helen, Rankin, Jayne, Patel, Jaynesh, Kauldhar, Kelly, Green, Marie, Reid, Matthew, Cooper, Michael, Agrawal, Anurag, Hill, Gavin, Foot, Helen, Dumville, Jane, Fairweather, Mark, Lancaster, Nicola, Hone, Sarah, Commey, Thelma, Allcock, Clare, Smith, Jacqueline, Mohankumar, Lakshimpriya, Gidda, Ranjit, Ishaq, Sauid, Merotra, Susan, Stacey, Danielle, Das, Dave, Taylor, Emma, Foley, Gail, Curtis, Janette, Orrell, Lucy, Holland, Maureen, Taylor, Moira, Scanlon, Sarah, Graham, Susan, Mahmood, Zahid, Dugh, Parveen, Gyawali, Pranab, Tsui, Salina, McClusky, Theresa, Wiseman, WanTei, Rommel, Butwana, Patel, Meera, Premchand, Purushothaman, Spencer, Kevin, Davis, Rob, Goodye, Sacha, Rahman, Anisur, Witele, Eric, Notcheva, Gaynor, Chung-Faye, Guy, Flanagan, Joanna, Mandar, Kirandip, Choong, Lee Meng, Adedeji, Oluwafunmilayo, Tashi, Surabhi, and Grp, RAPID Collaboration

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Standard treatment, Gastroenterology, Placebo-controlled study, Placebo, Rifaximin, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Relative risk, medicine, Clinical endpoint, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Adverse effect
Abstract

Background Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) recurs after initial treatment in approximately one in four patients. A single-centre pilot study suggested that this could be reduced using ‘follow-on’ rifaximin treatment. We aimed to assess the efficacy of rifaximin treatment in preventing recurrence. Methods A multisite, parallel group, randomised, placebo controlled trial recruiting patients aged ≥18 years immediately after resolution of CDI through treatment with metronidazole or vancomycin. Participants received either rifaximin 400 mg three times a day for 2 weeks, reduced to 200 mg three times a day for a further 2 weeks or identical placebo. The primary endpoint was recurrence of CDI within 12 weeks of trial entry. Results Between December 2012 and March 2016, 151 participants were randomised to either rifaximin or placebo. Primary outcome data were available on 130. Mean age was 71.9 years (SD 15.3). Recurrence within 12 weeks was 29.5% (18/61) among participants allocated to placebo compared with 15.9% (11/69) among those allocated to rifaximin, a difference between groups of 13.7% (95% CI −28.1% to 0.7%, p=0.06). The risk ratio was 0.54 (95% CI 0.28 to 1.05, p=0.07). During 6-month safety follow-up, nine participants died in each group (12%). Adverse event rates were similar between groups. Conclusion While ‘follow-on’ rifaximin after CDI appeared to halve recurrence rate, we failed to reach our recruitment target in this group of frail elderly patients, so the estimated effect of rifaximin lacks precision. A meta-analysis including a previous trial suggests that rifaximin may be effective; however, further, larger confirmatory studies are needed.

Published
2018

34. Effects of a high-dose 24-h infusion of tranexamic acid on death and thromboembolic events in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (HALT-IT): an international randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Roberts, Ian, primary, Shakur-Still, Haleema, additional, Afolabi, Adefemi, additional, Akere, Adegboyega, additional, Arribas, Monica, additional, Brenner, Amy, additional, Chaudhri, Rizwana, additional, Gilmore, Ian, additional, Halligan, Kenneth, additional, Hussain, Irshad, additional, Jairath, Vipul, additional, Javaid, Kiran, additional, Kayani, Aasia, additional, Lisman, Ton, additional, Mansukhani, Raoul, additional, Mutti, Muttiullah, additional, Arif Nadeem, Muhammad, additional, Pollok, Richard, additional, Simmons, Jonathan, additional, Soomro, Majid, additional, Stanworth, Simon, additional, Veitch, Andrew, additional, Hawkey, Christopher, additional, Cuzick, Jack, additional, Henry, David, additional, Metcalfe, Chris, additional, Roberts, Ian, additional, Gray, Richard, additional, Barkun, Alan, additional, David, Suresh, additional, Devereaux, Philip, additional, Brady, Tony, additional, Coats, Timothy, additional, Edwards, Phil, additional, Ker, Katharine, additional, Manno, Daniela, additional, Austin, Emma, additional, Bal, Kiran, additional, Balogun, Eni, additional, Barrow, Collette, additional, Beaumont, Danielle, additional, Benyahia, Myriam, additional, Brooks, Imogen, additional, Cargill, Madeleine, additional, Carrington, Laura, additional, Frimley, Lauren, additional, Geer, Amber, additional, Gilbert, Daniel, additional, Gilliam, Catherine, additional, Gil Onandia, Julio, additional, Golfi, Nayia, additional, Hetherington, Daniel, additional, Howe, Courtenay, additional, Hughes, Carolyn, additional, I'anson, David, additional, Jackson, Rob, additional, Joshi, Miland, additional, Kansagra, Sneha, additional, Kawahara, Taemi, additional, Kostrov, Sergey, additional, Miah, Hakim, additional, Ndungu, Bernard, additional, Needham, Kelly, additional, Outtandy, Aroudra, additional, Pearson, Daniel, additional, Pepple, Tracey, additional, Prowse, Danielle, additional, Quashi, Nigel, additional, Quinn, Anna, additional, Ramos, Maria, additional, Ranopa, Laura, additional, Reid, Mia, additional, Roukas, Chris, additional, Squires, Chelci, additional, Tanner, Jemma, additional, Thayne, Andrew, additional, Uddin, Ruhama, additional, Fawole, Bukola, additional, Bello, Folasade Adenike, additional, Olayemi, Oladapo, additional, Okunade, Olujide, additional, Adetayo, Olusade, additional, Khamis, Hussein, additional, Shukri Bin Jahit, Mohammad, additional, Gogichaishvili, Tamar, additional, Mateescu, Radu Bogdan, additional, Adhikaree, Ajay, additional, Abdo, Abdelmounem Eltayeib, additional, Zaher, Mohammad, additional, Deasy, Conor, additional, Alvarez Gregori, Joaquin, additional, Wellsh, Bobby, additional, Lawton, Luke, additional, Kamath, Raghavendra, additional, Barry, Adrian, additional, Carpio, Racquel, additional, Finney, Kay, additional, Maguire, Holly, additional, James, Martin, additional, Coffey, Frank, additional, Gough, Chris, additional, Sawers, Lisa, additional, Thi, Aye-Aye, additional, Burnett, Claire, additional, Jacques, Nicola, additional, Murray, Victoria, additional, Jarman, Heather, additional, Lambe, Christine, additional, Rounding, Sarah, additional, Tucker, Simon, additional, Al-Idari, Romaih, additional, Guest, Samuel, additional, Stoddard, Emma, additional, Yeo, David, additional, Bergin, Colin, additional, Hardy, Elaine, additional, Thunder, Joanne, additional, Jhalli, Paul, additional, Hartley, Edward, additional, Jarvis, Catherine, additional, Swann, Carly, additional, Reed, Matthew, additional, Gallagher, Bernadette, additional, Grahamslaw, Julia, additional, O'Brien, Rachel, additional, Harris, Timothy, additional, Bellhouse, Geoffrey, additional, Boulton, Olivia, additional, Skene, Imogen, additional, Stanley, Adrian, additional, Johnstone, Janet, additional, Maguire, Donogh, additional, Thornton, Susan, additional, Banks, Matthew, additional, Bercades, Georgia, additional, Marks, Daniel, additional, Ryu, Jung, additional, Dowty, Claire, additional, Pott, Jason, additional, East, James, additional, Bailey, Adam, additional, Beer, Sally, additional, Davies, Sian, additional, Appelboam, Andrew, additional, Mackle, Daisy, additional, Small, Jennifer, additional, Vorwerk, Christiane, additional, Atkins, Rachel, additional, Bradbury, Isobel, additional, Bryceland, Catriona, additional, McClelland, Lisa, additional, Thomas, Martin, additional, Clayton, Kate, additional, Michael, Angiy, additional, Haig, Stephen, additional, Al-Nahhas, Saif, additional, Godfrey, Tim, additional, Boger, Philip, additional, Comer, Rachel, additional, Watkins, Barbara, additional, Afolabi, Ola, additional, Afzal, Shazad, additional, Cowton, Amanda, additional, Everett, Simon, additional, Fazakerley, Ruth, additional, Onoviran, Felicia, additional, Snook, Jonathon, additional, Berry, Jackie, additional, Simpson, Diane, additional, Keep, Jeff, additional, Cotton, Hannah, additional, Helyar, Sinead, additional, Rutter, Matthew, additional, Johnston, Tracey, additional, O'Rourke, Laura, additional, Chan, Louisa, additional, Tambellini, Joanna, additional, Trodd, Dawn, additional, Shutt, James, additional, Moreton, Sarah, additional, Oglesby, Abby, additional, Boyle, Adrian, additional, Haeger, Nicola, additional, Hardwick, Susie, additional, Kendall, Jason, additional, Faulkner, Beverley, additional, Worner, Ruth, additional, Hearnshaw, Sarah, additional, Doona, Mary, additional, Price, Maria, additional, Hunter, Laura, additional, Bell, Maggie, additional, Loureiro, Vania, additional, Kehoe, Anthony, additional, Jefferey, Alison, additional, Squire, Rosalyn, additional, Hartin, David, additional, Bell, Stephanie, additional, Newman, Alexandra, additional, Gagg, James, additional, Foot, Jayne, additional, Wakeford, Sue, additional, May, Gabrielle, additional, Bartram, Thomas, additional, Cumpstay, Paul, additional, Parker, Lucy, additional, Das, Rita, additional, Pahary, Sheik, additional, Wright, Gavin, additional, Butt, Georgina, additional, Christmas, Natasha, additional, Wilson, Sarah, additional, Ashfaq, Mohammed, additional, Chandler, Louise, additional, Demetriou, Carrie, additional, Kaye, Philip, additional, Carley, Simon, additional, Brown, Andrew, additional, Jones, Lucy, additional, Whileman, Amanda, additional, Greenaway, John, additional, Tregonning, Julie, additional, Kuhrt, Avril, additional, Goodacre, Steve, additional, Jones, John, additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Mitra, Anu, additional, Harper-Payne, Abby, additional, Trudgill, Nigel, additional, Hayes, Anne, additional, Butt, Faheem, additional, Clifford, Gayle, additional, Kinnon, Andrew, additional, Fowler, Susan, additional, Pillay, Kris, additional, Gidwani, Shweta, additional, McNair, Alistair, additional, Omer, Omer, additional, de Weymarn, Tanya, additional, Amin, Adnan, additional, Martin, Jane, additional, Mathieu, Nick, additional, Barnes, Simon, additional, Turvill, James, additional, Sweeting, Helen, additional, Draegebo, Morten, additional, McNaught, Marion, additional, Grocutt, Mandy, additional, Margalef, Jordi, additional, Humphrey, Julian, additional, Jackson, Richard, additional, Bellis, Fionn, additional, Hunt, Jane, additional, Stevenson, Alastair, additional, Watson, Nicholas, additional, Barden, Steven, additional, Paterson, Stuart, additional, Macdonald, Chris, additional, Hobday, David, additional, Orugun, Olu, additional, Allison, Andrew, additional, Dyer, Tristan, additional, McBride, Samuel, additional, Sawicki, Wojciech, additional, Rayner, Ben, additional, Flowerdew, Lynsey, additional, Barbour, Jamie, additional, Klein, Jason, additional, Hood, Stephen, additional, Palmer, Nicola, additional, de Wolff, Jacob, additional, Shenoy, Achuth, additional, Swallow, Peter, additional, Srirajaskanthan, Rajaventhan, additional, Arshad, Hamza, additional, Aslam, Naeem, additional, Bangash, Anam, additional, Qamar, Muhammad, additional, Zahoor, Haroon, additional, Arshad, Saba, additional, ain Ghalib, Quratul, additional, Hameed, Tehseen, additional, Saif, Tayyaba, additional, Shafi, Wajahat, additional, Ali, Abid, additional, Khan, Shehroze, additional, Muaaz, Muhammad, additional, Taj, Ahmad, additional, Ghafoor, Aamir, additional, Afridi, Aamir, additional, Ahmad, Mansoor, additional, Aslam, Mujahid, additional, Kumar, Sandeep, additional, Ali, Mohsin, additional, Bughio, Ubedullah, additional, Chang, Adil, additional, Shaikh, Sana, additional, Ahmad, Syed, additional, Ali, Zeeshan, additional, Waqar, Marium, additional, Mushir, Aiman, additional, Sattar, Sadaf, additional, Goraya, Saifullah, additional, Aslam, Sharmeen, additional, Fatima, Nighat, additional, Noreen, Saadia, additional, Saleem, Sheraz, additional, Rahman, Fazal, additional, Iqbal, Nadeem, additional, Khalid, Mohammad, additional, Riaz, Umar, additional, Umar, Muhammad, additional, Akhter, Tayyab, additional, Khan, Javaria, additional, Misbah, Noureen, additional, Afzal, Muhammad, additional, Kayani, Mobeen, additional, Shah, Syed, additional, Tarar, Shahida, additional, Khan, Sherbat, additional, Iqbal, Yasir, additional, Khan, Essa, additional, Reki, Maqbool, additional, Hussain, Tanveer, additional, Iqbal, Shafqat, additional, Khurram, Muhammad, additional, Shafi, Muhammad, additional, Shaikh, Abrar, additional, Ahmed, Aijaz, additional, Kumar, Ameet, additional, Sachdev, Pinkey, additional, Nasir, Khalid Mahmood, additional, Chaudhry, Zafar Iqbal, additional, Zubair, Muhammad, additional, Tayyab, Ghias, additional, Mushtaq, Junaid, additional, Nasir, Muhammad, additional, Khan, Amir, additional, Ali, Amjad, additional, Ali, Sajjad, additional, Uddin, Wasim, additional, Ahmed, Sohaib, additional, Kazmi, Tazaeen, additional, Channa, Saleh, additional, Aman, Adeeqa, additional, Shaikh, Mouzam, additional, Rizvi, Tahir, additional, Hussain, Amjad, additional, Baqai, Haider Zaigham, additional, Rasheed, Zakawat, additional, Khan, Abdus, additional, Irfan, Adeela, additional, Husain, Aamir, additional, Aslam, Asifa, additional, Yahya, Khalid, additional, Azhar, Salman, additional, Ul Haq, Mansoor, additional, Afzal, Adeel, additional, Imran, Muhammad, additional, Saeed, Iram, additional, Yusuf, Aasim, additional, Hassan, Mariam, additional, Marwat, Mumtaz, additional, Ishfaq, Muhammad, additional, Bashir, Tahir, additional, Kumar, Santosh, additional, Yaqoob, Sajjad, additional, Wahid, Abdul, additional, Fakoya, Tinuola, additional, Oke, Temitope, additional, Tejan, Edries, additional, Olaomi, Oluwole, additional, Badejo, Olawale, additional, Nnaemaka, Okafor, additional, Ukwu, Nancy, additional, Arowolo, Olukayode, additional, Aderounmu, Adewale, additional, Wuraola, Funmilola, additional, Ugiagbe, Rose, additional, Atiri, Alexander, additional, Eghaghe, Enadeghe, additional, Adekoya, Adeleke, additional, Tade, Adedayo Oluyomi, additional, Shonoiki, Olatunji, additional, Olatoke, Samuel, additional, Raji, Toafiq, additional, Ekwunife, Christopher, additional, Onyekpere, Chigozirim, additional, Ahmed, Adamu, additional, Muhammad, Daniyan, additional, Odeghe, Emuobor, additional, Lesi, Olufunmilayo, additional, Osueni, Azeberoje, additional, Samaila, Adamu, additional, Nahuche, Aminu, additional, Ajayi, Akande, additional, Dongo, Andrew, additional, Ijoma, Uchenna, additional, Adebanjo, Ademola Tolulope, additional, Igetei, Rufina, additional, Yilkudi, Monday, additional, Osisanya, Kehinde, additional, Okeke, Edith Nonyelum, additional, Enwere, Oguamanam Okezie, additional, Esmat, Serag, additional, Ashoush, Omar, additional, Naga, Mazen, additional, Nagy, Fady, additional, Saiid, Mostafa, additional, Shaker, Ahmed, additional, Helmy, Ashraf, additional, Saafan, Saafan, additional, Abdel Monem, Mohammed, additional, Din, Jiffre, additional, Azis, Khairul, additional, Brukan, Muhyuddin, additional, Singh, Sanjay, additional, Zakaria, Andee, additional, Farid, Shaik, additional, Hashim, Nizam, additional, Mafauzy, Masykurin, additional, Najmi, Wan, additional, Amri, Nil, additional, Yi, Xin, additional, Hisyam, Mohammad, additional, Ng, Elaine, additional, Ramli, Zuhrirahimi, additional, Yee Lim, Shyang, additional, Voon, Kelvin, additional, Young Yam, Sir, additional, Jahit, Mohammad, additional, Joon, Lee, additional, Melikidze, Besik, additional, Kazaishvili, Davit, additional, Grubelashvili, Nino, additional, Mosidze, Baadur, additional, Tomadze, Gia, additional, Megreladze, Avto, additional, Oprita, Ruxandra, additional, Pestroiu Calescu, Dorina, additional, Chioncel, Camelia, additional, Ragea, Andrei, additional, Mateescu, Bogdan, additional, Busuioc, Bogdan, additional, Voiosu, Andrei, additional, Cotirlet, Adrian, additional, Pintilie, Iulia, additional, Jinga, Mariana, additional, Balaban, Daniel, additional, Tanău, Marcel, additional, Negreanu, Lucian, additional, Bataga, Simona, additional, Priya, Khushboo, additional, Baral, Shankar, additional, K.C., Anuj, additional, Sah, Vijay, additional, Yadav, Vijay, additional, Abdo, Abdelmounem, additional, Ahmed, Dalia, additional, Al Anazi, Marzouqah, additional, Al Balkhi, Areej, additional, Álvarez Gregori, Joaquín, additional, Fornieles Pérez, Helio, additional, and Beqiri, Arben, additional

Published
2020
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36. Getting to Net Zero Working Group: Energy Networks Snap-Shot Report

Author

Hill, Martin, Thomson, Colin, Higgins, James, Owen, Charlotte, Holmes, Nigel, Gibson, Robert, Frerk, Maxine, Lawton, Phil, Harrison, Gareth, Van de Weijde, Harry, Katris, Antonios, Calvillo Munoz, Christian, and Riddoch, Fiona

Abstract

The electricity gas and heat networks are finding it necessary to increase their ad hoc interactions as they develop their contribution to the net zero1 targets for green house gases for the UK and Scotland. The organisations involved in the “Getting to Net Zero” working group are all directly engaged in the energy sector encountering day-to-day challenges around how to include “getting to net zero” in their operations. The working group met to consider the progress of networks to date in addressing net zero and to identify immediate actions that would remove barriers to progress. This snap shot report summarises the working group findings.

Published
2019
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46. BIOFRAG: A new database for analysing BIOdiversity responses to forest FRAGmentation

Author

Pfeifer, Marion, Lefebvre, Veronique, Gardner, Toby A., Arroyo Rodríguez, Víctor, Baeten, Lander, Banks Leite, Cristina, Barlow, Jos, Betts, Matthew G., Brunet, Joerg, Cerezo Blandón, Alexis Mauricio, Cisneros, Laura M., Collard, Stuart, D´Cruze, Neil, Da Silva Motta, Catarina, Duguay, Stephanie, Eggermont, Hilde, Eigenbrod, Félix, Hadley, Adam S., Hanson, Thor R., Hawes, Joseph E., Heartsill Scalley, Tamara, Klingbeil, Brian T., Kolb, Annette, Kormann, Urs, Kumar, Sunil, Lachat, Thibault, Lakeman Fraser, Poppy, Lantschner, María Victoria, Laurance, William F., Leal, Inara R., Lens, Luc, Marsh, Charles J., Medina Rangel, Guido F., Melles, Stephanie, Mezger, Dirk, Oldekop, Johan A., Overal , Williams L., Owen, Charlotte, Peres, Carlos A., Phalan, Ben, Pidgeon, Anna Michle, Pilia, Oriana, Possingham, Hugh P., Possingham, Max L., Raheem, Dinarzarde C., Ribeiro, Danilo B., Ribeiro Neto, Jose D., Robinson, Douglas W., Robinson, Richard, Rytwinski, Trina, Scherber, Christoph, Slade, Eleanor M., Somarriba, Eduardo, Stouffer, Philip C., Struebig, Matthew J., Tylianakis, Jason M., Teja, Tscharntke, Tyre, Andrew J., Urbina Cardona, Jose N., Vasconcelos, Heraldo L., Wearn, Oliver, Wells, Konstans, Willig, Michael R., Wood, Eric, Young, Richard P., Bradley, Andrew V., and Ewers, Robert M.

Subjects
Database, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Data Sharing, Matrix Contrast, Bioinformatics, Forest Fragmentation, Global Change, Species Turnover, Edge Effects, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Landscape Metrics
Abstract

Habitat fragmentation studies are producing inconsistent and complex results across which it is nearly impossible to synthesise. Consistent analytical techniques can be applied to primary datasets, if stored in a flexible database that allows simple data retrieval for subsequent analyses. Method: We developed a relational database linking data collected in the field to taxonomic nomenclature, spatial and temporal plot attributes and further environmental variables (e.g. information on biogeographic region. Typical field assessments include measures of biological variables (e.g. presence, abundance, ground cover) of one species or a set of species linked to a set of plots in fragments of a forested landscape. Conclusion: The database currently holds records of 5792 unique species sampled in 52 landscapes in six of eight biogeographic regions: mammals 173, birds 1101, herpetofauna 284, insects 2317, other arthropods: 48, plants 1804, snails 65. Most species are found in one or two landscapes, but some are found in four. Using the huge amount of primary data on biodiversity response to fragmentation becomes increasingly important as anthropogenic pressures from high population growth and land demands are increasing. This database can be queried to extract data for subsequent analyses of the biological response to forest fragmentation with new metrics that can integrate across the components of fragmented landscapes. Meta-analyses of findings based on consistent methods and metrics will be able to generalise over studies allowing inter-comparisons for unified answers. The database can thus help researchers in providing findings for analyses of trade-offs between land use benefits and impacts on biodiversity and to track performance of management for biodiversity conservation in human-modified landscapes. Fil: Pfeifer, Marion. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Lefebvre, Veronique. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Gardner, Toby A.. Stockholm Environment Institute; Suecia Fil: Arroyo Rodríguez, Víctor. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México Fil: Baeten, Lander. University of Ghent; Bélgica Fil: Banks Leite, Cristina. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Barlow, Jos. Lancaster University; Reino Unido Fil: Betts, Matthew G.. State University of Oregon; Estados Unidos Fil: Brunet, Joerg. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Suecia Fil: Cerezo Blandón, Alexis Mauricio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina Fil: Cisneros, Laura M.. University of Connecticut; Estados Unidos Fil: Collard, Stuart. Nature Conservation Society of South Australia; Australia Fil: D´Cruze, Neil. The World Society for the Protection of Animals; Reino Unido Fil: Da Silva Motta, Catarina. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Brasil Fil: Duguay, Stephanie. Carleton University; Canadá Fil: Eggermont, Hilde. University of Ghent; Bélgica Fil: Eigenbrod, Félix. University of Southampton; Reino Unido Fil: Hadley, Adam S.. State University of Oregon; Estados Unidos Fil: Hanson, Thor R.. No especifíca; Fil: Hawes, Joseph E.. University of East Anglia; Reino Unido Fil: Heartsill Scalley, Tamara. United State Department of Agriculture. Forestry Service; Puerto Rico Fil: Klingbeil, Brian T.. University of Connecticut; Estados Unidos Fil: Kolb, Annette. Universitat Bremen; Alemania Fil: Kormann, Urs. Universität Göttingen; Alemania Fil: Kumar, Sunil. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos Fil: Lachat, Thibault. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest; Suiza Fil: Lakeman Fraser, Poppy. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Lantschner, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Laurance, William F.. James Cook University; Australia Fil: Leal, Inara R.. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Brasil Fil: Lens, Luc. University of Ghent; Bélgica Fil: Marsh, Charles J.. University of Leeds; Reino Unido Fil: Medina Rangel, Guido F.. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombia Fil: Melles, Stephanie. University of Toronto; Canadá Fil: Mezger, Dirk. Field Museum of Natural History; Estados Unidos Fil: Oldekop, Johan A.. University of Sheffield; Reino Unido Fil: Overal , Williams L.. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Departamento de Entomologia; Brasil Fil: Owen, Charlotte. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Peres, Carlos A.. University of East Anglia; Reino Unido Fil: Phalan, Ben. University of Southampton; Reino Unido Fil: Pidgeon, Anna Michle. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos Fil: Pilia, Oriana. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Possingham, Hugh P.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido. The University Of Queensland; Australia Fil: Possingham, Max L.. No especifíca; Fil: Raheem, Dinarzarde C.. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Bélgica. Natural History Museum; Reino Unido Fil: Ribeiro, Danilo B.. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul; Brasil Fil: Ribeiro Neto, Jose D.. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Brasil Fil: Robinson, Douglas W.. State University of Oregon; Estados Unidos Fil: Robinson, Richard. Manjimup Research Centre; Australia Fil: Rytwinski, Trina. Carleton University; Canadá Fil: Scherber, Christoph. Universität Göttingen; Alemania Fil: Slade, Eleanor M.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Somarriba, Eduardo. Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza; Costa Rica Fil: Stouffer, Philip C.. State University of Louisiana; Estados Unidos Fil: Struebig, Matthew J.. University of Kent; Reino Unido Fil: Tylianakis, Jason M.. University College London; Estados Unidos. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Teja, Tscharntke. Universität Göttingen; Alemania Fil: Tyre, Andrew J.. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados Unidos Fil: Urbina Cardona, Jose N.. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Colombia Fil: Vasconcelos, Heraldo L.. Universidade Federal de Uberlandia; Brasil Fil: Wearn, Oliver. Imperial College London; Reino Unido. The Zoological Society of London; Reino Unido Fil: Wells, Konstans. University of Adelaide; Australia Fil: Willig, Michael R.. University of Connecticut; Estados Unidos Fil: Wood, Eric. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos Fil: Young, Richard P.. Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust; Reino Unido Fil: Bradley, Andrew V.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Ewers, Robert M.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido

Published
2014

49. BIOFRAG - a new database for analyzing BIOdiversity responses to forest FRAGmentation

Author

Pfeifer, Marion, primary, Lefebvre, Veronique, additional, Gardner, Toby A., additional, Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor, additional, Baeten, Lander, additional, Banks-Leite, Cristina, additional, Barlow, Jos, additional, Betts, Matthew G., additional, Brunet, Joerg, additional, Cerezo, Alexis, additional, Cisneros, Laura M., additional, Collard, Stuart, additional, D'Cruze, Neil, additional, da Silva Motta, Catarina, additional, Duguay, Stephanie, additional, Eggermont, Hilde, additional, Eigenbrod, Felix, additional, Hadley, Adam S., additional, Hanson, Thor R., additional, Hawes, Joseph E., additional, Heartsill Scalley, Tamara, additional, Klingbeil, Brian T., additional, Kolb, Annette, additional, Kormann, Urs, additional, Kumar, Sunil, additional, Lachat, Thibault, additional, Lakeman Fraser, Poppy, additional, Lantschner, Victoria, additional, Laurance, William F., additional, Leal, Inara R., additional, Lens, Luc, additional, Marsh, Charles J., additional, Medina-Rangel, Guido F., additional, Melles, Stephanie, additional, Mezger, Dirk, additional, Oldekop, Johan A., additional, Overal, William L., additional, Owen, Charlotte, additional, Peres, Carlos A., additional, Phalan, Ben, additional, Pidgeon, Anna M., additional, Pilia, Oriana, additional, Possingham, Hugh P., additional, Possingham, Max L., additional, Raheem, Dinarzarde C., additional, Ribeiro, Danilo B., additional, Ribeiro Neto, Jose D., additional, Douglas Robinson, W, additional, Robinson, Richard, additional, Rytwinski, Trina, additional, Scherber, Christoph, additional, Slade, Eleanor M., additional, Somarriba, Eduardo, additional, Stouffer, Philip C., additional, Struebig, Matthew J., additional, Tylianakis, Jason M., additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Tyre, Andrew J., additional, Urbina Cardona, Jose N., additional, Vasconcelos, Heraldo L., additional, Wearn, Oliver, additional, Wells, Konstans, additional, Willig, Michael R., additional, Wood, Eric, additional, Young, Richard P., additional, Bradley, Andrew V., additional, and Ewers, Robert M., additional

Published
2014
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