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In the article, the author proves that an internship can manifest an employee’s labour mobility when it is carried out within the framework of employment relations as a qualification improvement, additional activity, and flexibility of the employee in professional development and growth. Internship of employees is carried out with the aim of gaining practical experience of the person in the performance of production tasks and duties at the workplace at the enterprise after theoretical preparation before starting independent work under the direct supervision of an experienced employee. The internship is also one of the components of high-risk employment, and can also be the basis for obtaining a permit (certificate, license, etc.) to carry out a certaintype of professional activity. The article establishes that a special legal mechanism for internships is provided for employees of certain categories, for example, for civil servants, academic staff and pedagogical employees, etc. It was determined that the purpose of the internship is for a person to gain practical experience in performing tasks and duties at the workplace before starting independent work under the direct supervision of an experienced specialist or already in the process of working with the aim of expanding the list of professional competencies, i.e. as a manifestation of the employee’s labour mobility. In the article, the author argues that the condition of an employee’s internship should be specified in the employment contract. And therefore, this would mean that this condition would be an additional condition of the employment contract, and after its conclusion, it would, accordingly, become mandatory for the parties to perform. And as a result, the relationship that arose during the fulfilment of this condition is labour, and the contract would not be recognized as a contract for the provision of services. If the internship condition did not arise during the conclusion of the employment contract, but later, in such a case, we believe that an additional agreement should be concluded to the employment contract, in which the internship condition should be prescribed. If internships were to be regulated in this way, then, firstly, it would guarantee labour mobility for employees, secondly, the relations that arose during such an internship would be regulated exclusively by the norms of labour law, and accordingly, responsibility would follow under the labour legislation. thirdly, it would protect employers from non-fulfilment of the conditions for completing an internship and working for a certain period of time at this particular employer who paid for the internship.

The studies were carried out on dogs, which were stereotactically implanted with depth electrodes in the ventral and dorsal parts of the hippocampus. We studied the effect of stimulation of these structures with an electric current of high (60 pulses/sec) and low (4 pulses/sec) frequencies on conditional reflex activity and the formation of the functional state of the cerebral cortex. It was revealed that stimulation of different structures of the hippocampus has a different effect on the tone of cortex cells. The nature of this influence depends on the frequency of the electric current, which was used to stimulate. Formulation of the problem. Analysis of recent research and publications. There are a number of scientific papers devoted to the study of the role of the hippocampus in the regulation of various body functions (Giuliana, Caronia, Jennifer, Wilcoxon, et all., 2010; Purvis, EM, O'Donnelly, JC et all, 2020). Some authors believe that the hippocampus is a poly-functional structure: the center of visceral functions and sense of smell, memory, and learning, the regulator of emotions and motivations, it is used for orientation reflexes and attention, sensory analysis (Chaychenko, G.M., 1984; Wiskott L, Rasch MJ, Kempermann G. Wiskott L, Rasch MJ, Kempermann G. et all. 2006). But today there is not enough reliable data on the role of this structure in conditioned reflex activity under conditions of electrical stimulation of various structures of the hippocampus. It was found that when the hippocampus is stimulated by a weak electric current during the formation of conditioned reflexes, the fixation time of the reflex is significantly reduced, ie the processes of memorization and learning are accelerated (Gray, J.A., 1983; Diana, X Yu, Maria, C Marchetto, Fred, H Gage, 2014; Nader, K, Krysiak A, Beroun, A, et all., 2019; Whitfield, JF, Chakravarthy, BR., 2009). The mechanism of temporal connections has been shown to play an important role in regulating cortical tone. If the question of the formation of the functional state of the cortex of the large hemispheres during the formation of conditioned reflexes is more or less studied, then the question of the dependence of this phenomenon on the properties of the inhibitory process is insufficiently studied (William, D Jones, Sarah, M Guadiana, Elizabeth, A Grove, 2019). In addition, the role of various subcortical structures and, in particular, the hippocampus in the regulation of the tone of the cortex of the large hemispheres has not been clarified to date. The purpose to establish features of the formation of a functional condition of the bark of large hemispheres in the conditions of electric stimulation of various structures of a hippocampus

Background: Maintaining labour regulations and the quality of working conditions is a considerable challenge during wartime and martial law. This paper outlines the changes that have affected the working life of employees who continued in employment, both inside and outside Ukraine, under martial law in 2022. Using a qualitative analysis of Ukrainian labour regulations, ILO and Ukrainian government statistics, and direct observation, we show how the legal regulation of labour relations and working conditions has changed under the influence of active hostilities. During the war in Ukraine, many employees started to work remotely, and some companies have relocated their production facilities to areas where there are no active hostilities and continue to operate. At the same time, the legal regulation and nature of labour relations and the quality of working conditions have changed significantly - yet regulations have failed to keep up with the levels of flexibility and timeliness required to respond effectively in the ongoing crisis. Methods: In order to achieve objective scientific results, the authors used such methods as analysis and synthesis to understand and build a logical chain of ideas. The authors used the statistical method to emphasise their positions with real data regarding the situation that developed in practice. Results and Conclusions: We draw conclusions regarding the problems of employees implementing their labour rights during wartime, identify applied aspects of labour law in wartime conditions, and propose ways to improve the situation regarding the implementation of labour rights.

The study of accounting digitalization in the context of business processes digitalization is an actual and modern problem. Methods used: analysis and synthesis, graphic methods, the method of comparisons, the cause-and-effect method. The purpose of the article: the determination of the stages of business processes digitalization, the formation of directions for digitalization of accounting, the identification of opportunities and threats. Tasks of the article: research of modern trends, advantages and disadvantages of digitization; determination of the features of digital technologies introducing; formation of the directions and problems of digitization of accounting. As a result, modern trends, advantages, and disadvantages of digitalization were outlined, its process was built, and the main directions of digitalization of accounting were proposed. The obtained results can be used by business managers to build the process of digitalization and determine further directions of digitalization of accounting. Further research may include legal support for the digitization of accounting and its improvement.

In world practice, tariff-free and flexible remuneration systems are used. Remuneration systems based on the results of employee performance evaluation are becoming especially relevant. The author has believed that such an experience would be useful for Ukraine, as there is an unfair distribution of the salary fund at domestic enterprises. The author has argued that the basis of remuneration should be based on the labour results of employees, their achievements and high qualifications and professionalism. It has long been necessary to move away from “equalization” in remuneration, because everyone performs the same duties differently, and therefore remuneration should be different. That is why I turned to the experience of Japan and China, because it is in these countries that such an approach has always been used, and therefore their practice can be useful for Ukraine. In Japan and China remuneration has been based on the results of employee performance appraisals for a long time. These countries have developed special methods of calculating wages, which take into account many indicators. Raising flexibility of compensation system is emerging as a big social issue. Korea is facing rapidly aging population and deteriorating corporate competitiveness. Companies in Korea attempted to improve the pay structure by increasing the performance-based factors within the existing pay structure, the best example being the “annual salary system.” For individual companies, converting the current automatic pay raise scheme into a performance-based scheme will help ease the rigidity of the current pay structure. The prerequisite is that fairness must be ensured when evaluating performance. Responsibilities should also be allocated appropriately to allow equal opportunities for all individuals to make the best use of their skills and talents and adequate investment should be made to develop necessary human resources. Improvement in the overall work system should precede the move toward broader implementation of the performance-based pay structure. Pay for performance programs in China are compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure. This performance measures might include such things as individual productivity, team or work group productivity, department productivity, or the overall organization’s profits for a given period. Performance measure and management is essential for implementing performance-based compensation system effectively and efficiently.

It has analyzed some tariff-free remuneration systems that are widely used in world practice, and some of them are gradually “entering” the legal realities of Ukraine. The author has emphasized that the competitiveness of the remuneration system should ensure the involvement of a workforce with a high level of professionalism and skills, consistent with the strategy and tactics of the organization, especially in times of economic stagnation. In a period of economic stagnation, positive foreign experience can be used to implement different remuneration systems. Innovative forms of remuneration, which include tariff-free and flexible systems, have recently become increasingly used to reconcile the interests of employees and employers. Innovative remuneration systems are aimed at providing employees with material incentives that can be most effectively used in the implementation of innovative forms of remuneration. Tariff-free remuneration systems can be classified depending on the contribution of employees to the final results of the organization into the following types: 1) a system of floating salaries; 2) an expert system of performance evaluation; 3) a system of remuneration using the coefficient of labour costs; 4) a share system of remuneration; 5) a rate of remuneration; 6) a system of remuneration on a commission basis (PFP – “Pay-for-Performance”); 7) cash payments for the implementation of objectives (Management by Objectives); 8) universal market system of wage assessment. Remuneration systems that take into account the work skills of employees, in particular, SBP systems (skill-based pay systems), are common in foreign practice. In world practice, there are also different models of remuneration for work performed, taking into account work skills, focused on both individual and group jobs and types of work.

In today’s internationalized learning environment, intercultural communicative competence is deemed insufficient for students. Academic mobility presents challenges and opportunities due to language, culture, and learning background differences. The number of international students in Ukrainian universities is increasing. The efficacy of project-based learning in foreign language acquisition is recognized and incorporated into the English language syllabus in Ukraine. The current study investigates the effectiveness of project-based activities in English classes at Ukrainian University for improving students’ intercultural communicative competence and autonomous learning. It included seven university English language teachers and five groups of 59 students from various cultural backgrounds. Classroom observation and case study design were carried out to describe how the teachers and students used project-based learning. This research will provide new perspectives on the effective incorporation of project-based activities in English classes to boost students’ communication confidence to collaborate with diverse cultural groupmates and develop autonomy in learning. The study revealed that project-based learning allowed students to interact with the target content, focusing on long-term memory and promoting attitudes about education. Several advantages of this technique over traditional methods of improving international communicative skills and increasing confidence in language acquisition were highlighted by teachers and students. It engaged students in collaborative and cooperative language learning, improved their digital literacy, and promoted student autonomy. Thus, the project-based learning approach is highly recommended for educational use by teachers and students and should be encouraged in universities.

Актуальність. Проблема психологічного стану представниць СМ є практично не дослідженою в Україні. Представниці СМ потенційно психологічно більш уразливі через стигматизацію та агресивне ставлення до них представників гетеросексуальної більшості, в тому числі, найближчих родичів. Мета дослідження - виявити, наскільки жінки, що відносяться до сексуальних меншин (СМ), відрізняються в образі і плануванні життя від гетеросексуальних жінок, та як це пов’язано з рівнем невротизації, що їм властивий. Методи дослідження: анкета щодо життєвих планів; графічна методика оцінки значущості минулого, теперішнього, майбутнього; Шкала для психологічної експрес-діагностики рівня невротизації Л.І. Вассермана. Вибірку дослідження склали 50 жінок гетеросексуальної орієнтації, 76 бісексуалок та 36 лесбіянок. Діапазон віку 16-46 років, медіана віку – 23 роки. В результаті дослідження були виявлені найбільш вразливі аспекти життєвого планування представниць СМ, які стосуються низьких очікувань створення власної сім'ї; коротшого очікуваного життєвого шляху і більш високої ймовірності суїциду. При цьому представниці СМ мають значимо більше сексуальних партнерів. Це можна пояснити меншим тиском стримуючих соціально-культурних стереотипів поведінки всередині співтовариства СМ у порівнянні з традиційними відносинами чоловіків і жінок та еволюційно успадкованою схильністю до більш широкого кола сексуальних контактів. Рівень невротизації на найменшому рівні зафіксовано у жінок з традиційною сексуальною орієнтацією, значуще вище він у лесбійок, на найбільш високий – у бісексуальних жінок. Це відображує дезадаптованість представниць СМ в суспільстві, де переважаюча гетеросексуальна більшість негативно ставиться до різноманітності існуючих сексуальних орієнтацій. Обмеження дослідження можуть полягати у невеликому обсязі досліджених груп та їх нерівномірності. Перспективи подальших досліджень. Планується вивчити особистісні особливості та ціннісну сферу представниць СМ, щоб виявити, наскільки вони пов’язані з сексуальною орієнтацією та життєвими планами. Можливість використання результатів дослідження для підвищення якості психологічної допомоги та обізнаності суспільства становить практичну значущість дослідження. Результати роботи можуть вплинути на збільшення толерантності, інклюзії та прийняття різноманітності в Україні.

Background. Atopic dermatitis (AD) as one of the most common diseases of autoimmune genesis in the structure of dermatological practice, is characterized by itching, dryness, thickening of the skin, characteristic rashes. The drugs of choice in the treatment of AD are steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, the development of unwanted side effects is a serious problem attributed to using hormone therapy. The search for effective methods of treating AD is an urgent task of medicine and in particular dermatology. At the same time, there is an obvious need for the participation in the solution of this problem also of specialists-immunologists working in the field of application of cell therapy drugs, acting on various pathogenetic links of the disease. The development of new or optimization of existing methods of treating AD is the urgent task facing them. Objective. Evaluation of the immunocorrective effect of lyophilized (lHCBL) and cryopreserved human cord blood leucoconcetrate (cHCBL) on a AD model. Methods. The experiments were carried out on 6-month-old Wistar rats. Upon induction of AD, the inflammation focus was formed on the rat's back (9–10 cm2) by daily rubbing in a 5% alcohol-acetone solution of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) for 21 days. cHCBL and lHCBL were injected intraperitoneally, 0.5 ml at a dose of 5´106 cells in one day after the final DNCB treatment. The adhesive and phagocytic activity of the cells of the peritoneal cavity, the level of circulating immune complexes, the population and subpopulation of lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD4+CD25+), the immunoregulatory index of lymphocytes, the concentration of immunoglobulins in the blood serum were determined. Results. For AD induced by DNCB, systemic changes in the immune status are characteristic, which is expressed by changes in the parameters of cellular and humoral immunity. The most fundamental changes in cell subpopulations in spleen of rats with AD were revealed: a decrease in the number of total T-lymphocytes and their two main subpopulations (CD4+ and CD8+ cells). Against this background, changes were noted in the monocytic-phagocytic and humoral systems of immunity. The paper shows the effectiveness of the use of cHCBL and lHCBL in the correction of pathological manifestations of experimental AD. On the background of treatment, the features of the immunocorrective effect of each of the drugs were noted. Thus, when assessing intergroup values, a more pronounced increase in T-reg was revealed in rats of the 5th group – 3.9 [3.8; 4.0] versus 3.2 [3.0; 3.3] in the 4th group (P < 0.01); IgA level – 1.6 [1.5; 1.7] versus 1.3 [1.2; 1.4] (P < 0.01). Conclusions. Thus, lHCBL exhibits immunocorrective activity in the treatment of experimental AD, surpassing in some parameters the activity of сHCBL, which is promising for its use in clinical practice.

Background. Previously, the antitumor activity of nanocomplexes (NCs) containing nanoparticles of rare earth metal orthovanadates GdYEuVO4 and cholesterol has been approved when applied in 9:1 ratio (the cells-to-NCs), which can be considered as a conditionally therapeutic dose. Therefore, studying the potential risks of NCs exposure in terms of functional activity of hematopoietic progenitor cells is relevant. Рurpose – determining a toxic effect of NCs on functional activity of hematopoietic cells of bone marrow (BM). Materials and Methods. The study was performed in BM cells of CBA/H mice. Nanocomplexes were synthesized at Institute for Scintillation Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. BM cells with NCs were incubated in the ratios as follows: 9BM:1NCs; 1BM:1NCs; 1BM:9NCs, followed by assessing the number of apoptotic/necrotic cells in BM using FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I (BD, USA) by means of “FACS Calibur” flow cytometer (“BD”, USA). Hematopoietic progenitor cells of BM were functionally evaluated in vivo by determining the content of colony-forming units of the spleen (CFUs) and the number of myelokaryocytes in lethally irradiated recipients on day 8 after administering BM cells, pre-incubated with NCs. Survival of irradiated recipient mice after BM administration was recorded 12 days long. Results and discussion. The dose-dependent effect of functional potential in- hibition for BM hematopoietic progenitor cells under NCs influence has been established. Although, in vitro processing the BM cells with a conditionally therapeutic dose of NCs (9BM:1NCs) before administration to irradiated animal caused remodeling of cell membranes and contributed to apoptotic manifes- tations, but it did not lead to strong changes in their colony-forming potential and did not reduce the number of BM cells in animals if compared with the introduced BM cells without NCs treatment. Increasing the NCs concentration five- and tenfold significantly reduced the colony-forming potential of BM cells, caused BM hypoplasia and a crucial reduction in the survival of recipient animals, indicating possible toxic effects of this compound when administered at high concentrations. Conclusions. The toxic effect of NCs is detected only when certain concen- trations, significantly exceeding the conditionally therapeutic dose previously determined when treating the experimental oncology diseases, are used., Актуальність. Протипухлинна активність нанокомплексів (НК), що містять наночастинки ортованадатів рідкісноземельних металів (GdYEuVO4) та холестерин була доведена раніше. Їх застосування у спів- відношенні – клітини : НК – 9:1, може вважатися умовно-терапевтичною дозою. Тому актуальним є дослідження потенційних ризиків впливу НК щодо функціональної активності гемопоетичних клітин-попередників. Мета роботи – визначення токсичного впливу нанокомплексів на функціональну активність гемопоетичних клітин кісткового мозку (КМ). Матеріали та методи. Дослідження були виконані на клітинах КМ мишей лінії СВА/Н. Нанокомплекси були синтезовані в Інституті сцинтиляційних матеріалів НАН України. Інкубацію клітин КМ з НК проводили у співвідношеннях – 9КМ:1НК; 1КМ:1НК; 1КМ:9НК, після цього визначали кількість апоптотичних/некротичних клітин у КМ за допомогою FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I (BD, США) на проточному цитофлуориметрі «FACS Calibur» («BD», США). Функціональну оцінку гемопоетичних клітин-попередників КМ проводили in vivo шляхом визначення вмісту колонієутворюючих одиниць селезінки (КУОс) і кількості мієлокаріоцитів у летально опромінених реципієнтів на 8-му добу після введення їм клітин КМ, попередньо інкубованих з НК. Облік виживаності опромінених мишей-реципієнтів після введення їм КМ здійснювали протягом 12 діб. Результати та їх обговорення. Встановлено дозозалежний ефект інгібіції функціонального потенціалу гемопоетичних клітин-попередників КМ під впливом НК. Обробка in vitro клітин КМ умовно-терапевтичною дозою НК (9КМ:1НК) перед введенням опроміненим тваринам хоча і викликала перебудову мембран клітин та сприяла апоптотичним проявам, але не призводила до значущих змін їх колонієутворюючого потенціалу і не зменшувала кількість клітин КМ у стегні в опромінених тварин у порівнянні з введенням клітин КМ без обробки НК. Підвищення концентрації НК в 5 і 10 разів значно знижувало колонієутворюючий потенціал клітин КМ, викликало гіпоплазію КМ і суттєве зниження виживаності тварин- реципієнтів, що свідчить про можливий токсичний вплив цієї сполуки при введенні у високих концентраціях. Висновки. Токсична дія НК виявляється тільки при застосуванні певних їх концентрацій, які значно перевищують умовно-терапевтичну дозу, визначену раніше при лікуванні експериментальних онкозахворюваннь.

The characteristics of the individual’s time perspective in relation to changes in social, economic, and political conditions are of major conceptual interest. We assessed the time orientations of 1588 Ukrainian students living in two different regions (western and south-eastern Ukraine) with the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) before (2010–2013) and during (2014–2016) the socioeconomic, political, and military crises which started in 2014, eight years before the war in 2022. We applied ANOVAs with the ZTPI dimensions as dependent variables and the period of testing (precrisis, postcrisis) as an independent variable for the two Ukrainian regions separately. The time perspectives of residents in the region most distant from the war zone (western), who positively assessed the change in the political situation around 2014, increased in the future time orientation and decreased in the present-fatalistic, past-positive, and 333 present-hedonistic time orientations. The time perspectives of residents in the regions closest to the war zone (southeastern) decreased in the future and increased in the past-negative and present-fatalistic time orientations, reflecting their negative judgments of the events. It is not the crisis itself, but the specific social, economic, and political factors and evaluations which define the time perspectives, which are flexible and adjust to changes during extreme life circumstances.

The purpose of our study was to determine the level of motor activity in students, as well as to promote the formation of motivation to engage in physical sports. University students (n= 54, age 17-21 years) divided into 2 groups according to physical activity and sex. For the research, the self-developed questionnaire was used and processed by the statistical method with determining the relative parity indexes. The results of the research allowed studying the student's attitude to physical education in universities and independently, to assess the subjective state of health of different grade students, the reasons for abandoning physical exercises. The results are consistent with satisfaction with classes at university and the reasons for abandoning additional classes. Girls prefer classes of non-traditional types of PE that are not included in the program of the higher educational institutions and require significant financial investments that students cannot afford. Male students prefer sports games, and although they are included in the program, there are no free sections. Students pay little attention to physical activity, thus they do not have the formed need for independent exercises in physical culture, and most of them prefer to be engaged in non-traditional health-improving forms of physical culture. The amount of motor activity physical education classes showed a clear training effect and can be considered as one of the benchmarks of the compensatory role of classes in eliminating hypodynamic. Also in the article, the authors consider motivation as a dynamic process of continuous choice and decision-making, based on weighing behavioral alternatives, explaining the purposefulness, organization, and sustainability of holistic measures to achieve a certain goal acts as an incentive to act with a certain motive.

Goltsev, A., Fuller, B., Bondarovich, M., Babenko, N., Gaevska, Y., Buriak, I., Dubrava, T. ., Yampolska, K., Lutsenko, O., & Ostankov, M. (2020). COVID–19 – потенційна мішень для кріобіології і кріомедицини. Проблеми кріобіології і кріомедицини, 30(2), 107–131. https://doi.org/10.15407/cryo30.02.107 У огляді представлено дані щодо імунопатогенезу COVІD-19 і підходів до його профілактики та лікування. Низька ефективність противірусних засобів обумовлена здатністю вірусу SARS-CoV2 до зміни власних структурних і функціональних характеристик. Існуючі стратегії лікування COVІD-19 сфокусовані на застосуванні лікувальних засобів прямої противірусної дії, модуляції вродженої імунної відповіді, пригніченні «цитокінового шторму» та застосуванні плазми реконвалесцентів. Дизрегуляція взаємодії систем вродженого та адаптивного імунітету обумовлює запуск аутоімунного процесу в організмі вірусоносія, що потребує застосування альтернативних підходів до профілактики таких захворювань із використанням кріобіологічних технологій. Наведено результати вивчення імунобіологічної активності кріоконсервованого лейкоконцентрату кордової крові людини (кЛККЛ) і його компонентів за превентивного інтраназального введення. Ефективність застосування кЛККЛ пов’язана з можливістю перепрограмування генів, відповідальних за реалізацію імунних відповідей організму та індукцію «тренованого» імунітету. Така модифікація стану імунної системи може бути найбільш перспективною у забезпеченні захисту організму від вірусів, зокрема COVІD-19. __________________________________________________________________________________________ The review presents data on immune pathogenesis of COVID-19 and approaches to its prevention and treatment. The low effectiveness of antiviral drugs is caused by the ability of SARS-CoV2 virus to change its own structure and functions. Existing treatment strategies of COVID-19 are focused on applying the direct antiviral therapies, modulation of innate immune response, "cytokine storm" suppression and use of convalescent plasma. Deregulated interaction between innate and adaptive immune systems determines the start of autoimmune process in the virus carrier body, that requires the use of alternative ways to prevent such diseases using cryobiological technologies. The results of studying the immune biological activity of cryopreserved human cord blood leukoconcentrate (cHCBL) and its components by preventive intranasal administration have been presented. The effectiveness of cHCBL is related to the possible reprogramming of the genes responsible for the implementation of the body's immune responses and induction of the "trained" immunity. Such a modification of the immune system state can be the most promising in protecting the body against viruses, in particular COVID-19.

This paper presents the investigations on the impact of lyophilisation conditions on structural and functional characteristics of human cord blood leukoconcentrate (HCBL) such as: the number and viability, cytomorphological indices, content of hematopoietic stem (CD34+) and T-regulatory cells (CD4+CD25high), hematopoietic colony forming units in culture (CFUc). Four regimens, including two programs with and without 3.5% DMSO were used for hcbl cell lyophilisation. The programs dii¬€ered in temperature value and duration wherein the primary drying proceeded. When using the i¬rst program, the cells were dried for 10 hrs (–28ÂoÐi), and 9 hrs (–18ÂoÐi) for the second one. The designed method for HCBL lyophilisation, suggested the use of the DMSO-free i¬rst program, ensured the cell preservation in a heterogeneous population of cord blood according to all the studied characteristics. Probl Cryobiol Cryomed 2019; 29(4): 332-343

Modern pedagogical science and practice seek to comprehend the holistic pedagogical process from the standpoint of management science, to give it a clear scientifically sound character. The statement of many domestic and foreign researchers that management is real and necessary not only in the field of technical, production processes but also in the field of complex social systems, including pedagogical, is true. The introduction of innovation management is important for successful research at the university. Therefore, the main idea/goal of our study is to develop the concept of innovation as new ideas and knowledge (radical and those that improve the result), mechanisms for their practical implementation, and, most importantly, mechanisms for the dissemination of innovations. On the one hand, in many countries there are tendencies to create largely, often international clusters of research work, on the other - now in the staff of universities are introduced positions of research management specialists in existing projects and centers. Unlike pure administration, innovation research managers must make decisions based on scientific knowledge and information about society as a whole. Some authors note a growing similarity between non-university research centers, industrial laboratories, and classical universities. In fact, scientists from industrial and large research organizations have greater autonomy, for example, there are optimal conditions for creative research (at the university it is combined with the educational process). Large joint projects and the commercialization of research results in many disciplines represent this trend. The main methodology of our study was methods of theoretical and empirical nature. In the process of researching the problem outlined by us, we found that thus, it is established that the introduction of a system of information management of research activities in higher education, in general, contributed to the growth of performance management of research activities and improve the level of training of future professionals. Therefore, we dedicate our research to the peculiarities of educational management in educational institutions of Ukraine.

Summary. Children with hereditary neuromuscular diseases constitute one of the main groups of patients in public and private rehabilitation institutions. Therefore, there is a need to develop a rational choice of physical rehabilitation means, their systematization depending on the level of functional capabilities, which is relevant when developing an individual rehabilitation program in the centres. Purpose. Formation of an integrated approach in the rational choice of methods of physical rehabilitation and orthopedic supply for patients with hereditary neuromuscular diseases. Tasks. Development of stages for the provision of rehabilitation services, determination of the composition of an individual rehabilitation program, development of an algorithm for choosing methods of physical rehabilitation and technical means, depending on the degree of limitation of the child's motor functions. Results. The study involved 46 children aged 2 to 15 years. Assessment of the functional status of children, in accordance with the recommendations of the International Committee for the Standards of Treatment of patients with SMA, was performed on the Hammersmith scale, the assessment of muscle strength - on the Lovett test. The rehabilitation course according to the developed algorithm consisted of 4 stages: the stage of diagnosis, the stage of drawing up an individual rehabilitation program in accordance with the patient's functional capabilities, the stage of the course of physical rehabilitation and the stage of assessing its effectiveness. The main principles of rehabilitation were: stretching of contracted tissues, positioning of segments of the limbs and spine, physical activity in a submaximal mode, verticalization with the use of aids, compensation of lost functions and orthopedic correction using orthoses of various designs. The course carried out helped to stabilize muscle strength and motor activity, increase the volume of passive movements in large joints, and fine motor dexterity. Technical means of rehabilitation made it possible to correct the deformity of the segments of the limbs and the spine, to increase the dexterity of movements when performing tasks for fine motor skills. Conclusions. Adequate rehabilitation measures aimed at maintaining the motor activity of patients, maintaining muscle tone (including the respiratory muscles), timely correction of pathological attitudes of the limbs and spine in children with progressive neuromuscular diseases, inhibit the development of deformities, prolong motor activity.

Goltsev A, Dubrava T, Yampolska K, Lutsenko O, Gaevska Y, Babenko N, Bondarovych M. The substantiation of adoptive transfer of tolerogenic dendritic cells for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Cell and Organ Transplantology. 2019; 7(2):125-131. doi: 10.22494/cot.v7i2.99 The tolerogenic properties of dendritic cells are of particular interest in the search for new approaches to the correction of Treg immunity in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The purpose is to study the effect of tolerogenic dendritic cells on the Treg immunity in mice with adjuvant arthritis at different stages. Materials and methods. Adjuvant arthritis (AA) was induced in CBA/H mice by sub-plantar administration of the Freund’s complete adjuvant. Dendritic cells were obtained ex vivo from bone marrow mononuclear cells. On the 7th, 14th or 21st days of adjuvant arthritis, animals were injected with tolerogenic dendritic cells. Their arthritis index and T-immune status (CD4+CD25+ and FOXP3+ cells) were assessed. Results. Dysfunction of Treg immunity and clinical and diagnostic parameters in animals at different stages of adjuvant arthritis have been demonstrated. On the 14th and 21st days of adjuvant arthritis, immunotherapy by obtained ex vivo dendritic cells, contributed to the increase of CD4+CD25+ and FOXP3+ cells content in the spleen and normalization of clinical and diagnostic parameters in animals. In the acute stage of arthritis (7 days), adoptive therapy with tolerogenic dendritic cells was not effective. Conclusion. Adoptive application of tolerogenic dendritic cells has contributed to the reduction of clinical manifestation of the arthritis. The greatest therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated by dendritic cells transferred on the 14th day of the pathology development, which contributed to the normalization of the clinical status of recipients with adjuvant arthritis. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Толерогенні властивості дендритних клітин становлять особливий інтерес у світлі пошуку нових підходів до корекції Т-регуляторної ланки імунітету при лікуванні аутоімунних захворювань. МЕТА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ. Встановити вплив толерогенних дендритних клітин на стан Т-регуляторної ланки імунітету у мишей з ад’ювантним артритом на різних етапах його розвитку. МАТЕРІАЛИ ТА МЕТОДИ. Ад’ювантний артрит (АА) індукували у мишей СВА/Н субплантарним введенням повного ад’юванта Фрейнда. Дендритні клітини отримували ex vivo з мононуклеарів кісткового мозку. На 7-у, 14-у або 21-у добу розвитку ад’ювантного артриту тваринам вводили толерогенні дендритні клітини та оцінювали індекс артриту і стан Т-регуляторної ланки імунітету (CD4 + CD25 + та FOXP3 + клітини). РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ. Продемонстровано дисфункцію Т-регуляторної ланки імунітету й клініко-діагностичних показників у тварин на різних етапах розвитку ад’ювантного артриту. Показано, що на 14-у і 21-у добу розвитку ад’ювантного артриту імунотерапія у вигляді отриманих ex vivo дендритних клітин сприяла підвищенню вмісту CD4 + CD25 + та FOXP3 + клітин в селезінці і нормалізації клініко-діагностичних показників у тварин. У гострому періоді розвитку артриту (7-а доба) адоптивна терапія толерогенними дендритними клітинами виявилася неефективною. ВИСНОВКИ. Адоптивне застосування толерогенних дендритних клітин сприяло зниженню клінічної маніфестації змодельованого артриту. Найбільшу терапевтичну ефективність проявляли дендритні клітини введені на 14-у добу розвитку патології, що сприяло нормалізаціїі клінічного статусу реципієнтів з ад’ювантним артритом.

The problem of the treatment of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), when histoincompatible bone marrow (BM) is used, remains unsolved. An important role in controlling the development of GVHD is played by Treg immunity.The purpose of the study is to evaluate the immunoregulatory effect of native and cryopreserved murine fetal neural cells (FNCs) relative to Treg immunity of mice with GVHD.Materials and methods. Acute GVHD was induced by the injection of histoincompatible BM to lethally irradiated mice. On the 14th day after GVHD induction and transplantation of native or cryopreserved FNCs in animals of all experimental groups, the spleen index, the content of T-regulatory (FOXP3+) cells and the number of foxp3 gene transcripts in the СD4+splenocytes were determined.Results. The recipients of the histoincompatible BM had a decrease in the content of T-reg cells and the level of foxp3 gene expression in the splenocyte population relative to the syngeneic control. Injection of native or cryopreserved FNCs to animals with GVHD caused an increase in the number of T-reg cells. Cryopreserved FNCs are more than native ones enhancing both the relative number of T-reg cells and the level of foxp3 gene expression in the splenocytes, which was characterized by a higher recipients’ survival up to the 16th day of observation.Conclusion. The transplantation of fetal neural cells to recipients with GVHD stimulates the Treg immunity, which is a key to the development of immune conflict. This confirms the possibility of using fetal neural cells as a therapeutic immuno-regulatory agent.

У статті представлено результати дослідження критеріїв оцінки політичних лідерів виборцями, отримані завдяки застосуванню психосемантичного аналізу за допомогою методу репертуарних решіток Келлі. Цей метод дав змогу ви­явити рейтинг різноманітних інтерпретаційних висловлювань, за допомогою яких виборці описують і оцінюють політиків. Результатом узагальнення інтерпретаційних конструктів стало виявлення основних оціночних критеріїв, що їх використовують виборці щодо політиків. Установлено, що найбільш вагомими є критерії «Політичні якості» та «Моральні якості». Виявлено, що при описі політичних якостей, більшість кон­структів, що їх використовують виборці, тільки констатують статус лідера, а не описують його якісних характеристик. Також установлено, що більша частина конструктів, яку застосовують виборці, описуючи моральні якості політиків, має негативне за змістом забарвлення. У результаті аналізу конструктів була встановлена висока значущість кри­терію часу. Завдяки статусам, що їх приписали політикам виборці, було з’ясо­вано чітку класифікацію політиків на «нову», «чинну» і «стару» влади. Для них характерні такі особливості: політиків «нової влади» асоціюють із майбутнім, їм приписують більш позитивні моральні якості; до політиків «чинної влади» ставлення амбівалентне; політиків «старої влади» асоціюють із минулим, їх моральні якості мають негативну оцінку. В окремий критерій оцінки згруповано конструкти, які є виразом агресії та неприйняття на адресу політичних лідерів. Визначено критерії, які мають най­меншу вагу при оцінці політичного лідера: стать, матеріально-економічний і територіальний критерії. Представлені у статті результати дослідження свідчать про властиву сучас­ним виборцям шаблонність, примітивність уявлень про роль лідерів у політич­ному житті. Описи політиків мають формалізований, конвенційний характер, у них майже не включені визначення політичної орієнтації (демократична, кон­сервативна, авторитарна тощо).Ключові слова: оціночні критерії, політичні лідери, конструкти, психосе­мантичні методи, виборці.

Many studies point to the correlation between the physical development indexes and functioning of the cardiovascular system. At the same time, the problem of the correlation between the morphological parameters of arterial pressure in the group of healthy young women is not studied enough.

For effective learning and skills development in complex learning environments, where cognitive functions are maximally involved, the development and research of the use of neurocomputer interfaces (Brain Computer Interface, BCI) are carried out. How to optimize cognitive processes in multitasking with BCI in those professions where it can not be avoided? This possibility is provided by neurointerfaces that provide external influences directly to the brain, reaction tracking, the state of the central nervous system and their analysis in real time. Consider the use of transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in combination with electroencephalography (EEG), the method of neurovisualization - functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the development of an invasive neurocomputer interface. --------------- �������������������� ������������������������ ���������������� ���� ������������������ ������������������'���������������� ��������������������. ������ ���������������������� ���������������� ���� �������������������������� �������������� �� ���������������� �������������������� ����������������������, ���� ���������������������� �������������� �������������������� ��������������, ���������������������� ���������������� �� ���������������������� ������������������������ ������������������'�������������� ���������������������� (Brain Computer Interface, BCI). ���� ������������������������ �������������������� �������������� ������ �������������������������������� ���� ������������������ BCI �� ������ ������������������, ���� ���� ���� ���������� ����������������? �������� �������������������� ���������� ������������������������������, ���� ������������������������ ���������������� ������������ �������������������������� �� ����������, ���������������������� ��������������, �������� ���������������������� ���������������� �������������� ���� ���� ������������ �� ������������������ ��������. �������������������� ������������������������ �������������������������������� ���������������������������������� (������) �� ������������������ �� ������������������������������������������ (������), ���������� ���������������������������������� - �������������������������� ����������������-�������������������� �������������������� (��������), ���������������� ���������������������� ������������������'���������������� ��������������������.