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17,115 results on '"Okayama, A."'

1. Characterization of mood and emotion regulation in females with PMS/PMDD using near-infrared spectroscopy to assess prefrontal cerebral blood flow and the mood questionnaire

Author

Aoki, Makiko, Suzuki, Masato, Suzuki, Satoshi, Oiwa, Kosuke, Maeda, Yoshitaka, and Okayama, Hisayo

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative Biology
Abstract

Many sexually mature women experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or premenstrual dysphoric mood disorder (PMDD). Current approaches for managing PMS and PMDD rely on daily mental condition recording, which many discontinue due to its impracticality. Hence, there's a critical need for a simple, objective method to monitor mental symptoms. One of the principal symptoms of PMDD is a dysfunction in emotional regulation, which has been demonstrated through brain-function imaging measurements to involve hyperactivity in the amygdala and a decrease in functionality in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, most research has been focused on PMDD, leaving a gap in understanding of PMS. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures brain activity by spectroscopically determining the amount of hemoglobin in the blood vessels. This study aimed to characterize the emotional regulation function in PMS. We measured brain activity in the PFC region using NIRS when participants were presented with emotion-inducing pictures. Furthermore, moods highly associated with emotions were assessed through questionnaires. Forty-six participants were categorized into non-PMS, PMS, and PMDD groups based on the gynecologist's diagnosis. POMS2 scores revealed higher negative mood and lower positive mood in the follicular phase for the PMS group, while the PMDD group exhibited heightened negative mood during the luteal phase. NIRS results showed reduced emotional expression in the PMS group during both phases, while no significant differences were observed in the PMDD group compared to non-PMS. It was found that there are differences in the distribution of mood during the luteal and follicular phase and in cerebral blood flow responses to emotional stimuli between PMS and PMDD. These findings suggest the potential for providing individuals with awareness of PMS or PMDD through scores on the POMS2 and NIRS measurements., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2024)

Published
2024

2. Characterization of the Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Females Classified According to Mood Scores During the Follicular Phase

Author

Aok, Makiko, Nishimura, Mai, Suzuki, Masato, Terasawa, Eiriko, and Okayama, Hisayo

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract

Many sexually mature females suffer from premenstrual syndrome (PMS), but effective coping methods for PMS are limited due to the complexity of symptoms and unclear pathogenesis. Awareness has shown promise in alleviating PMS symptoms but faces challenges in long-term recording and consistency. Our research goal is to establish a convenient and simple method to make individual female aware of their own psychological, and autonomic conditions. In previous research, we demonstrated that participants could be classified into non-PMS and PMS groups based on mood scores obtained during the follicular phase. However, the properties of neurophysiological activity in the participants classified by mood scores have not been elucidated. This study aimed to classify participants based on their scores on a mood questionnaire during the follicular phase and to evaluate their autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity using a simple device that measures pulse waves from the earlobe. Participants were grouped into Cluster I (high positive mood) and Cluster II (low mood). Cluster II participants showed reduced parasympathetic nervous system activity from the follicular to the menstrual phase, indicating potential PMS symptoms. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using mood scores to classify individuals into PMS and non-PMS groups and monitor ANS changes across menstrual phases. Despite limitations such as sample size and device variability, the findings highlight a promising avenue for convenient PMS self-monitoring., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2024)

Published
2024

4. CVIT expert consensus document on primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in 2024

Author

Ozaki, Yukio, Tobe, Akihiro, Onuma, Yoshinobu, Kobayashi, Yoshio, Amano, Tetsuya, Muramatsu, Takashi, Ishii, Hideki, Yamaji, Kyohei, Kohsaka, Shun, Ismail, Tevfik F., Uemura, Shiro, Hikichi, Yutaka, Tsujita, Kenichi, Ako, Junya, Morino, Yoshihiro, Maekawa, Yuichiro, Shinke, Toshiro, Shite, Junya, Igarashi, Yasumi, Nakagawa, Yoshihisa, Shiode, Nobuo, Okamura, Atsunori, Ogawa, Takayuki, Shibata, Yoshisato, Tsuji, Takafumi, Hayashida, Kentaro, Yajima, Junji, Sugano, Teruyasu, Okura, Hiroyuki, Okayama, Hideki, Kawaguchi, Katsuhiro, Zen, Kan, Takahashi, Saeko, Tamura, Toshihiro, Nakazato, Kazuhiko, Yamaguchi, Junichi, Iida, Osamu, Ozaki, Reina, Yoshimachi, Fuminobu, Ishihara, Masaharu, Murohara, Toyoaki, Ueno, Takafumi, Yokoi, Hiroyoshi, Nakamura, Masato, Ikari, Yuji, Serruys, Patrick W., and Kozuma, Ken

Published
2024
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14. Heterotelechelic Silicones: Facile Synthesis and Functionalization Using Silane-Based Initiators.

Author

Okayama, Yoichi, Eom, Taejun, Czuczola, Michael, Abdilla, Allison, Blankenship, Jacob, Albanese, Kaitlin, de Alaniz, Javier, Bates, Christopher, and Hawker, Craig

Abstract

The synthetic utility of heterotelechelic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) derivatives is limited due to challenges in preparing materials with high chain-end fidelity. In this study, anionic ring-opening polymerization (AROP) of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) monomers using a specifically designed silyl hydride (Si-H)-based initiator provides a versatile approach toward a library of heterotelechelic PDMS polymers. A novel initiator, where the Si-H terminal group is connected to a C atom (H-Si-C) and not an O atom (H-Si-O) as in traditional systems, suppresses intermolecular transfer of the Si-H group, leading to heterotelechelic PDMS derivatives with a high degree of control over chain ends. In situ termination of the D3 propagating chain end with commercially available chlorosilanes (alkyl chlorides, methacrylates, and norbornenes) yields an array of chain-end-functionalized PDMS derivatives. This diversity can be further increased by hydrosilylation with functionalized alkenes (alcohols, esters, and epoxides) to generate a library of heterotelechelic PDMS polymers. Due to the living nature of ring-opening polymerization and efficient initiation, narrow-dispersity (Đ < 1.2) polymers spanning a wide range of molar masses (2-11 kg mol-1) were synthesized. With facile access to α-Si-H and ω-norbornene functionalized PDMS macromonomers (H-PDMS-Nb), the synthesis of well-defined supersoft (G = 30 kPa) PDMS bottlebrush networks, which are difficult to prepare using established strategies, was demonstrated.

Published
2023

15. High levels of tumor cell-intrinsic STING signaling are associated with increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells in dMMR/MSI-H gastric cancer

Author

Ryo Kanoda, Shotaro Nakajima, Satoshi Fukai, Motonobu Saito, Katsuharu Saito, Hiroya Suzuki, Tomohiro Kikuchi, Azuma Nirei, Hirokazu Okayama, Kosaku Mimura, Hiroyuki Hanayama, Wataru Sakamoto, Tomoyuki Momma, Zenichiro Saze, and Koji Kono

Subjects
Gastric cancer, Mismatch repair deficient, Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase–stimulator of interferon genes, CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, Tumor microenvironment, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) gastric cancer (GC) exhibits an immune-active tumor microenvironment (TME) compared to MMR proficient (pMMR)/microsatellite stable/Epstein-Barr virus-negative [EBV (−)] GC. The tumor cell-intrinsic cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has been considered a key regulator of immune cell activation in the TME. However, its significance in regulating the immune-active TME in dMMR/MSI-H GC remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that tumor cell-intrinsic cGAS–STING was highly expressed in dMMR GC compared to pMMR/EBV (−) GC. The expression of tumor cell-intrinsic STING was significantly and positively associated with the number of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in GC. Analysis of TCGA datasets revealed that the expression of interferon-stimulated genes and STING downstream T-cell attracting chemokines was significantly higher in MSI-H GC compared to other subtypes of GC with EBV (−). These results suggest that tumor cell-intrinsic STING signaling plays a key role in activating immune cells in the dMMR/MSI-H GC TME and might serve as a novel biomarker predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy for GC treatment.

Published
2024
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16. The impact of CLDN18.2 expression on effector cells mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in gastric cancer

Author

Akira Matsuishi, Shotaro Nakajima, Motonobu Saito, Katsuharu Saito, Satoshi Fukai, Hideaki Tsumuraya, Ryo Kanoda, Tomohiro Kikuchi, Azuma Nirei, Akinao Kaneta, Hirokazu Okayama, Kosaku Mimura, Hiroyuki Hanayama, Wataru Sakamoto, Tomoyuki Momma, Zenichiro Saze, and Koji Kono

Subjects
Gastric cancer, CLDN18.2, NK cells, Monocytes/macrophages, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Activating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by targeting claudin-18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2) using zolbetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against CLDN18.2, has been considered a promising novel therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer (GC). However, the impact of CLDN18.2 expression on natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes/macrophages—crucial effector cells of ADCC—in GC has not been fully investigated. In the present study, we assessed the impact of CLDN18.2 expression on clinical outcomes, molecular features, and the frequencies of tumor-infiltrating NK cells and macrophages, as well as peripheral blood NK cells and monocytes, in GC by analyzing our own GC cohorts. The expression of CLDN18.2 did not significantly impact clinical outcomes of GC patients, while it was significantly and positively associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) status and PD-L1 expression. The frequencies of tumor-infiltrating NK cells and macrophages, as well as peripheral blood NK cells and monocytes, were comparable between CLDN18.2-positive and CLDN18.2-negative GCs. Importantly, both CLDN18.2 expression and the number of tumor-infiltrating NK cells were significantly higher in EBV-associated GC compared to other molecular subtypes. Our findings support the effectiveness of zolbetuximab in CLDN18.2-positive GC, and offer a novel insight into the treatment of this cancer type, highlighting its potential effectiveness for CLDN18.2-positive/EBV-associated GC.

Published
2024
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17. Error analyses of Sinc-collocation methods for exponential decay initial value problems

Author

Okayama, Tomoaki, Hara, Ryota, and Goto, Shun'ichi

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 65L04, 65L05, 65R20, 65D30
Abstract

Nurmuhammad et al. developed the Sinc-Nystr\"{o}m methods for initial value problems in which the solutions exhibit exponential decay end behavior. In these methods, the Single-Exponential (SE) transformation or the Double-Exponential (DE) transformation is combined with the Sinc approximation. Hara and Okayama improved on these transformations to attain a better convergence rate, which was later supported by theoretical error analyses. However, these methods have a computational drawback owing to the inclusion of a special function in the basis functions. To address this issue, Okayama and Hara proposed Sinc-collocation methods, which do not include any special function in the basis functions. This study conducts error analyses of these methods., Comment: Keywork: Ordinary differential equations, Initial value problems, Volterra integral equations, Sinc numerical methods, SE transformation, DE transformation

Published
2023

24. The tumor cell-intrinsic cGAS–STING pathway is associated with the high density of CD8+ T cells after chemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Author

Matsuishi, Akira, Nakajima, Shotaro, Kaneta, Akinao, Saito, Katsuharu, Fukai, Satoshi, Sakuma, Mei, Tsumuraya, Hideaki, Okayama, Hirokazu, Saito, Motonobu, Mimura, Kosaku, Nirei, Azuma, Kikuchi, Tomohiro, Hanayama, Hiroyuki, Saze, Zenichiro, Sakamoto, Wataru, Momma, Tomoyuki, and Kono, Koji

Published
2024
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26. Improvement of selection formulas of mesh size and truncation numbers for the DE-Sinc approximation and its theoretical error bound

Author

Okayama, Tomoaki and Ogawa, Shota

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 65D05
Abstract

The Sinc approximation applied to double-exponentially decaying functions is referred to as the DE-Sinc approximation. Because of its high efficiency, this method has been used in various applications. In the Sinc approximation, the mesh size and truncation numbers should be optimally selected to achieve its best performance. However, the standard selection formula has only been "near-optimally" selected because the optimal formula of the mesh size cannot be expressed in terms of elementary functions of truncation numbers. In this study, we propose two improved selection formulas. The first one is based on the concept by an earlier research that resulted in a better selection formula for the double-exponential formula. The formula performs slightly better than the standard one, but is still not optimal. As a second selection formula, we introduce a new parameter to propose truly optimal selection formula. We provide explicit error bounds for both selection formulas. Numerical comparisons show that the first formula gives a better error bound than the standard formula, and the second formula gives a much better error bound than the standard and first formulas., Comment: Keywords: Sinc approximation, double-exponential transformation, error bound, mesh size, truncation number

Published
2023

27. Smoking is Associated With Impaired Long-term Quality of Life in Elderly People: A 22-year Cohort Study in NIPPON-DATA 90

Author

Yiwei Liu, Tomonori Okamura, Aya Hirata, Yasunori Sato, Takehito Hayakawa, Aya Kadota, Keiko Kondo, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Katsuyuki Miura, Akira Okayama, and Hirotsugu Ueshima

Subjects
quality of life, smoking, tobacco control, cohort study, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: Whether smoking is associated with worse quality of life (QoL) or not is relatively controversial. The current study is to investigate the relationship between smoking and subjective QoL in a long cohort study. Methods: The NIPPON DATA 90 project collected 8,383 community residents in 300 randomly selected areas as baseline data in 1990, administered four follow-up QoL surveys, and evaluated mortality statistics. We conducted multinomial logistic regression analysis to compare past smokers and current smokers to never smokers, with impaired QoL and mortality as outcomes. Results: In four follow-ups, QoL data was collected from 2,035, 2,252, 2,522, and 3,280 participants in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2012, respectively. In the 1995 follow-up, current smoking at baseline was not associated with worse QoL. In 2000 and 2005 follow-ups, smoking was significantly associated with worse QoL (odds ratio [OR] 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33–3.36 and OR 2.29; 95% CI, 1.38–3.80, respectively). In the 2012 follow-up, smoking was not associated with QoL. Sensitivity analysis did not change the result significantly. Conclusion: In this study we found that baseline smoking was associated with worse QoL in long-follow-up.

Published
2024
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28. Sinc-collocation methods with consistent collocation points for Fredholm integral equations of the second kind

Author

Okayama, Tomoaki

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 65R20
Abstract

Sinc-collocation methods are known to be efficient for Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, even if functions in the equations have endpoint singularity. However, existing methods have the disadvantage of inconsistent collocation points. This inconsistency complicates the implementation of such methods, particularly for large-scale problems. To overcome this drawback, this study proposes another Sinc-collocation methods with consistent collocation points. The results of a theoretical error analysis show that the proposed methods have the same convergence property as existing methods. Numerical experiments suggest the superiority of the proposed methods in terms of implementation and computational cost., Comment: Keywords: Fredholm integral equations, Sinc numerical methods, collocation methods, tanh transformation, double-exponential transformation

Published
2023

29. Sex- and Age-Specific Associations Between Metabolic Syndrome and Future Functional Disability in the Japanese Older Population

Author

Naomi Takahashi MS, Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi RD, MPH, PhD, Shuko Takahashi MD, PhD, Yuki Yonekura PhD, Masaki Ohsawa MD, PhD, Toru Kuribayashi PhD, Toshiyuki Onoda MD, PhD, Nobuyuki Takanashi MSN, Kiyomi Sakata MD, PhD, Takehiko Yamada MT, Kuniaki Ogasawara MD, PhD, Shinichi Omama MD, PhD, Fumitaka Tanaka MD, PhD, Koichi Asahi MD, PhD, Yasushi Ishigaki MD, PhD, Ryo Itabashi MD, PhD, Hiroaki Itamochi MD, PhD, Fumiaki Takahashi PhD, Akira Okayama MD, PhD, and Kozo Tanno MD, PhD

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Whether the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and functional disability differs depending on sex or age remains unknown. To determine the association between MetS and functional disability in older people separately by sex and age groups. A total of 11 083 participants (4407 men and 6676 women) aged 65 years or over without functional disability were enrolled. MetS was defined according to the revised NCEP ATP III guidelines. Functional disability was defined by a new certification in the long-term care insurance in Japan. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the risk of functional disability with adjustment for possible confounding factors. Over the mean observation period of 10.5 years, 1282 men and 2162 women experienced functional disability. For those aged 65 to 74 years, HRs (95% CIs) for functional disability in the MetS group were 1.33 (1.07-1.66) in men and 1.15 (1.000-1.32) in women. For those aged 75 years or older, there was no significant association in men or women. In subjects with a severe care need level, there was a marginal significant association in men aged 65 to 74 years. Among the MetS components that independently increased the risk of functional disability were glucose intolerance and elevated blood pressure (men and women aged 65-74 years), obesity (women aged 65-74 years), and glucose intolerance (women aged 75 years or older). MetS contributed to an increase in a high risk of future functional disability among individuals aged 65 to 74 years. In this age group, improvement of lifestyle, health promotion and interventions for MetS from middle age may prevent future functional disability.

Published
2024
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30. Effects of adding methane on the growth and electrical properties of GaN in oxide vapor phase epitaxy.

Author

Usami, S., Higashiyama, R., Imanishi, M., Takino, J., Sumi, T., Okayama, Y., Yoshimura, M., Hata, M., Isemura, M., and Mori, Y.

Subjects
WATER vapor, PARTIAL pressure, VAPOR pressure, WATER pressure, THICK films
Abstract

GaN grown via oxide vapor phase epitaxy (OVPE-GaN) can produce free-standing substrates with ultra-low resistivity because of the high doping concentration of oxygen. The bulk growth of OVPE-GaN is hindered by polycrystals generated during long-term growth. We have previously reported that thicker films can be grown by reducing the partial pressure of water vapor in the growth atmosphere with CH4. However, as CH4 is a dopant of carbon, a compensating acceptor, its addition may increase electrical resistance. In this study, we further investigated the effect of reducing water vapor partial pressure on polycrystals by combining Ga2O production (reaction of Ga and water vapor: a Ga–H2O system), which can reduce water vapor, with CH4 addition. However, CH4 addition to the Ga–H2O system increased polycrystal generation, possibly owing to the thermal decomposition of excess CH4. The properties of OVPE-GaN with CH4 addition were also evaluated. Although the CH4 addition resulted in high carbon doping, the carbon-doped OVPE-GaN maintained low resistivity. This is because the OVPE method involves three-dimensional growth with growth pits, and the growth pits leave behind low-resistivity high-oxygen-concentration regions. As the resistivity remains low even when CH4 is added in the OVPE method, both polycrystallization suppression and low resistivity can be achieved by selecting an appropriate CH4 flow rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Pretreatment quality of life and survival in patients with lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Taro Okayama, Katsuyoshi Suzuki, Shinichiro Morishita, Junichiro Inoue, Takashi Tanaka, Jiro Nakano, and Takuya Fukushima

Subjects
Quality of life, Lung cancer, Mortality risk, Systematic review, Meta-analysis, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Although many studies have explored the correlation between quality of life and survival, none have reported this relationship for specific cancers assessed at distinct time points. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of pretreatment Global Quality of Life (QOL) and functioning QOL, including physical, social, role, emotional, and cognitive QOLs, on mortality risk in patients with lung cancer. Methods A literature search was conducted across the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published between their inception and December 2022. Subsequently, 11 studies were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria to investigate the relationship between pretreatment QOLs and mortality risk in patients with lung cancer. Results Pretreatment global, physical, social, role, and emotional QOLs were significantly associated with mortality risk as follows: Global QOL (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.13); Physical QOL (HR = 1.04 95% CI = 1.02–1.05); Social QOL (HR = 1.02 95% CI = 1.01–1.03; Role QOL (HR = 1.01 95% CI = 1.01–1.02); Emotional QOL (HR = 1.01 95% CI = 1.00–1.03). Conclusions These findings underscore the importance of early QOL assessment after diagnosis as well as early provision of physical, social, and psychological support accommodating each patient’s demands. Trial registration The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews registration number CRD42023398206, Registered on February 20, 2023.

Published
2024
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36. Effects of metal corrosion in the pump of a dialysis machine on the sterility of the terminal dialysate by spike-and-recovery testing with bacteria

Author

Minoru Nakamura, Masaya Okayama, Seya Hagiwara, Tomoyasu Nawa, and Shin-ichi Yokota

Subjects
Bacterial contamination, Sterility, Dialysate, Metal corrosion, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Abstract Background Dialysis units have been concerned that the corroded metal parts of pumps used in hemodialysis might not allow sterility of the pump to be ensured due to bacterial contamination, even after cleaning and disinfection are performed after dialysis treatment. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of the cleaning/disinfection process in eliminating bacterial contamination of the dialysate in pumps with and without metal corrosion. Methods A suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa [10 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL] was introduced into pumps without or with corrosion of the metal parts, and the flow in the dialysis circuit was stopped for 6, 12, or 18 h. Then, after cleaning and disinfection of the circuit with a sodium-hypochlorite-containing reagent, the amounts of live bacteria in the terminal dialysate and on the surface of the metal parts of the pump were counted. Results Irrespective of the presence or absence of metal corrosion, bacteria were detected, even after cleaning and disinfection, on the surfaces of the pump parts that had been left in contact with the bacterial suspension for more than 12 h. However, on the surfaces of the pump parts showing metal corrosion, the bacterial numbers increased dramatically after 18 h of flow stoppage time following introduction of bacteria, and bacteria were even detected in the terminal dialysate despite cleaning/disinfection of the pump. Conclusions Corrosion of the metal parts used in pumps used for dialysis increases the risk of bacterial contamination of not only the pump parts and flow path of the dialysis machine but also the terminal dialysate, even if cleaning/disinfection is performed. For sterility assurance of the dialysis circuit and dialysate during routine use, it is necessary to eliminate corrosion of the metal parts of dialysis pumps during scheduled maintenance.

Published
2024
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37. Assessing the medium-term effects of a community-based medical education program with homestay practice: a cohort study in Tamba, Japan

Author

Tsuneaki Kenzaka, Shinsuke Yahata, Ken Goda, Ayako Kumabe, Nishisaki Hogara, and Masanobu Okayama

Subjects
Community medicine, community-based medical education, homestay, residency program, medium-term effect, attitude, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction This study intended to evaluate the medium-term effectiveness of a community-based medical education (CBME) program and to determine the program’s influence on the application rates of regional-quota students seeking to become residents in Tamba, Japan.Materials and Methods We conducted a cohort study of regional-quota students. Exposure factors included (1) experience compared to no experience of CBME in the Tamba area; (2) CBME experience compared to no experience in Tamba in the senior years (4–6 years of medical school) and experience in the junior years (1–3 years of medical school); and (3) experience in the senior years compared with those in the junior years. Outcome measures were applications to become a medical resident and actually becoming a medical resident at the Hyogo Prefectural Tamba Medical Center.Results Of 94 participants, 58 (61.7%) were male and 37 students (39.4%) had previous CBME experience in the Tamba area. In applying to become a resident at the Hyogo Prefectural Tamba Medical Center, students who had experienced CBME in the Tamba area in their senior years had significantly higher adjusted risk ratios compared to those who experienced it in their junior years. Regarding applications to become a resident, students who had experienced CBME in the Tamba area in their senior years had a significantly higher adjusted risk ratio than students who had not experienced CBME and students who had experienced CBME in their junior years.Conclusions There was a statistically significant application rate for residency programs among medical students who participated in the CBME program in their senior years compared with those who did not. This is the first study to confirm the medium-term effects of CBME after several years in short-term CBME programs of three days and two nights.

Published
2024
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38. Yet another DE-Sinc indefinite integration formula

Author

Okayama, Tomoaki and Tanaka, Ken'ichiro

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 65D30
Abstract

Based on the Sinc approximation combined with the tanh transformation, Haber derived an approximation formula for numerical indefinite integration over the finite interval (-1, 1). The formula uses a special function for the basis functions. In contrast, Stenger derived another formula, which does not use any special function but does include a double sum. Subsequently, Muhammad and Mori proposed a formula, which replaces the tanh transformation with the double-exponential transformation in Haber's formula. Almost simultaneously, Tanaka et al. proposed another formula, which was based on the same replacement in Stenger's formula. As they reported, the replacement drastically improves the convergence rate of Haber's and Stenger's formula. In addition to the formulas above, Stenger derived yet another indefinite integration formula based on the Sinc approximation combined with the tanh transformation, which has an elegant matrix-vector form. In this paper, we propose the replacement of the tanh transformation with the double-exponential transformation in Stenger's second formula. We provide a theoretical analysis as well as a numerical comparison.

Published
2022

41. Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial

Author

Abe, Mitsunori, Abhaichand, Rajpal K, Abhayaratna, Walter P, Abhyankar, Atul, Abidin, Imran B Zainal, Abou Assi, Hiba, Accini Mendoza, Jose L, Adas, Mine, Agaiby, John M, Agarwal, Devendra K, Agha, Maher, Ahmed, Azazuddin, Ahtiainen, Petteri, Aigner, Elmar, Ajay, Naik, Ali, Norsiah, Al-Karadsheh, Amer, Allison, Roy, Allison, Dale C, Alpenidze, Diana, Altuntas, Yuksel, Al-Zoebi, Ayham, Ambuj, Roy, Amerena, John, Anderson, Robert J, Ando, Toshiaki, Andrews, Robert, Antonova, Elizaveta, Appel, Karl-Friedrich, Arantes, Flávia B, Araz, Mustafa, Arbel, Yaron, Arenas León, José L, Argyrakopoulou, Georgia, Ariani, Mehrdad, Arias Mendoza, Maria A, Arif, Ahmed A, Arneja, Jaspal, Aroda, Vanita R, Aronne, Louis J, Arstall, Margaret, Asamoah, Njaimeh, Asanin, Milika, Audish, Hanid, Avram, Rodica, Badat, Aysha, Badiu, Corin V, Bakdash, Wa'el, Bakiner, Okan S, Bandezi, Vuyokazi N, Bang, Liew H, Bansal, Sandeep, Baranyai, Marietta, Barbarash, Olga, Barber, Mark, Barnum, Otis, Barone Rochette, Gilles, Bashkin, Amir, Baum, Seth, Bays, Harold E, Bazzoni Ruiz, Alberto E, Beckowski, Maciej, Beerachee, Yaswin, Bellary, Srikanth, Belousova, Lidia, Berk, Martin, Bernstein, Marc, Berra, Cesare, Beshay, Isaac, Bhagwat, Ajit, Bhan, Arti, Biggs, William C, Billings, Liana, Bitar, Fahed, Block, Bradley, Bo, Simona, Bogdanski, Pawel, Bolshakova, Olga O, Boshchenko, Alla A, Bosworth, Hayden, Botero Lopez, Rodrigo, Bôttcher, Morten, Bourgeois, Ronald, Brautigam, Donald, Breton, Cristian F, Broadley, Andrew, Brockmyre, Andrew P, Brodie, Steven K, Bucci, Marco, Budincevic, Hrvoje, Budoff, Matthew J, Buffman, Barry, Buljubasic, Nediljka, Buranapin, Supawan, Burgess, Lesley, Burguera, Bartolomé, Buriakovska, Olena, Buscemi, Silvio, Busch, Robert, Buse, John B, Buynak, Robert, Byrne, Maria, Caceaune, Elena, Cadena Bonfanti, Alberto J, Calinescu, Cornell V, Call, Robert S, Canecki Varzic, Silvija, Cannon, Kevin, Capehorn, Matt, Cariou, Bertrand, Carr, Jeffrey, Carrillo-Jimenez, Rodolfo, Casas, Marcelo, 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Nemanja, Dobson, Simon, Doi, Masayuki, Doran, Jesse A, Dorman, Reinhart, Dotta, Francesco, Dukes, Carl E, Duronto, Ernesto, Durst, Ronen, Dvoryashina, Irina V, Ebrahim, Iftikhar O, Eggebrecht, Holger, Egstrup, Kenneth, Ekinci, Elif I, Eliasson, Björn, Eliasson, Ken, Enache, Georgiana, Enculescu, Dan, English, Patrick, Ermakova, Polina, Ershova, Olga, Ezaki, Hirotaka, Ezhov, Marat, Farias, Eduardo, Farias, Javier M, Farsky, Pedro S, Ferreira, Daniel, Filteau, Pierre, Finneran, Matthew P, Folkens, Eric M, Fonseca, Alberto G, Fonseca, Luisa, Fordan, Steven, Fourie, Nyda, França, Sara, Franco, Denise R, Franek, Edward, Friedman, Keith, Frittitta, Lucia, Froer, Michael, Fuckar, Krunoslav, Fujii, Kenshi, Fujita, Ryoko, Fukushima, Yasushi, Fulat, Mohamed, Fulwani, Mahesh, Gajos, Grzegorz, Galyavich, Albert, Gambill, Michael L, Gandotra, Dheeraj, Winston, Gandy, Jr., Garcia Hernandez, Pedro A, García Reza, Raymundo, Garg, Naveen, Garg, Sandeep, Garvey, William T, Garza, Juan C, Gatta-Cherifi, Blandine, Gelev, Valeri, Geller, Steven A, Geohas, Jeffrey G, Georgiev, Borislav, Ghazi, Adline, Gilbert, Matthew P, Gilinskaya, Olga, Gislason, Gunnar, Gogas Yavuz, Dilek, González Albarrán, Olga, Gordeev, Ivan G, Gorton, Sidney C, Goudev, Assen, Gretland Valderhaug, Tone, Groenemeijer, Bjorn, Gul, Ibrahim, Gullestad, Lars, Gurieva, Irina, Guseva, Galina N, Hagenow, Andreas, Haluzik, Martin, Halvorsen, Sigrun, Hammoudi, Naima, Hanaoka, Keiichi, Hancu, Nicolae, Hanusch, Ursula, Harris, Kathleen, Harris, Barry, Hartleib, Michael, Hartman, Aaron N, Hata, Yoshiki, Heimer, Brian, Herman, Lee, Herzog, William, Hewitt, Eric, Heymer, Peter, Hiremath, Shirish, Hjelmesaeth, Joeran, Høgalmen, Rasmus Geir, Høivik, Hans Olav, Holmer, Helene, Horoshko, Olha, Houser, Patricia M, Hove, Jens D, Hsieh, I-Chang, Hulot, Jean-Sébastien, Hussein, Zanariah, Ilashchuk, Tetiana, Ilveskoski, Erkki, Ipatko, Irina, Iranmanesh, Ali, Isawa, Tsuyoshi, Issa, Moises, Iteld, Bruce, Iwasawa, Takamasa, Jabbar, Danish, Jackson, Richard A, Jackson-Voyzey, Ewart, Jacob, Stephan, Jaffrani, Naseem A, Jardula, Michael F, Jastreboff, Ania, Jensen, Svend E, Jerkins, Terri, Jimenez-Ramos, Silvia A, Jitendra Pal Singh, Sawhney, Johnson, Wallace, Joyce, John M, Jozefowska, Malgorzata, Jugnundan, Prakash, Jungmair, Wolfgang, Jurowiecki, Jaroslaw, Kadokami, Toshiaki, Kahali, Dhiman, Kahrmann, Gerd, Kaiser, Sergio E, Kalmucki, Piotr, Kanadasi, Mehmet, Kandath, David, Kania, Grzegorz, Kannan, J, Kapp, Cornelia, Karczmarczyk, Agnieszka, Kartalis, Athanasios, Kaser, Susanne, Kasim, Sazzli Shahlan, Kastelic, Richard, Kato, Toshiaki, Katova, Tzvetana, Kaul, Upendra, Kautzky-Willer, Alexandra, Kawanishi, Masahiro, Kayikcioglu, Meral, Kazakova, Elena E, Keeling, Philip, Kempe, Hans-Peter, Kereiakes, Dean J, Kerneis, Mathieu, Keski-Opas, Tiina, Khadra, Suhail, Khaisheva, Larisa, Kharakhulakh, Marina, Khlevchuk, Tatiana, Khoo, Jeffrey, Kiatchoosakun, Songsak, Kinoshita, Noriyuki, Kinoshita, Masaharu, Kitamura, Ryoji, Kiyosue, Arihiro, Klavina, Irina, Klein, Eric J, Klimsa, Zdenek, Klonoff, David, Klug, Eric, Kobalava, Zhanna, Kodera, Satoshi, Koga, Tokushi, Kokkinos, Alexander, Koleckar, Pavel, Könyves, László, Koren, Michael J, Kormann, Adrian P, Kostner, Karam, Kreutzmann, Kristin, Krishinan, Saravanan, Krishnasamy, Sathya S, Krivosheeva, Inga, Kruljac, Ivan, Kubicki, Ted, Kuchar, Ladislav, Kujawiak, Monika, Kunishige, Hideyuki, Kurtinecz, Melinda, Kurtz Lisboa, Hugo R, Kushnir, Mykola, Kyyak, Yulian, Lace, Arija, Lakka, Timo, Lalic, Nebojsa, Lalic, Katarina, Lambadiari, Vaia, Lanaras, Leonidas, Lang, Chim, Langlois, Marie-France, Lash, Joseph, Latkovskis, Gustavs, Lau, David, Lazcano Soto, José Roberto, Le Roux, Carel, Ledesma, Gilbert N, Lee, Li Yuan, Lee, Thung-Lip, Lee, Kelvin, Lehrke, Michael, Leite, Silmara O, Leksycka, Agata, Lenzmeier, Thomas, Leonetti, Frida, Leonidova, Viktoriia, Lepor, Norman, Leung, Melissa, Levchenko, Olena, Levins, Peter, Levy, Louis J, Lewis, Matthew, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Liberty, Idit, Lindholm, Carl-Johan, Lingvay, Ildiko, Linhart, Ales, Liu, Ming-En, Liu, Jenny, Lofton, Holly, Logemann, Timothy, Lombaard, Johannes J, Lombard, Landman, Lorraine, Richard, Lovell, Charles F, Ludvik, Bernhard, Lukaszewicz, Monika, Lupkovics, Géza, Lupovitch, Steven, Lupu, Sirona, Lynch, Mary, Lysak, Zoreslava, Lysenko, Tatyana A, Maeda, Hajime, Maeda, Itaru, Mæng, Michael, Mahajan, Ajay U, Maher, Vincent, Maia, Lilia N, Makotoko, Ellen M, Malavazos, Alexis, Malecha, Jan, Malicherova, Emilia, Manita, Mamoru, Mannucci, Edoardo, Mareev, Viacheslav, Marin, Liliana, Markova, Tatiana, Marso, Steven P, Martens, F.M.A.C., Martinez, Cuper, Martinez Cano, Carlos A, Martins, Cristina, Masmiquel Comas, Luis, Matsumoto, Takashi, Mcdonald, Kenneth, Mcgowan, Barbara, Mcgrew, Frank, Mclean, Barry K, Mcpherson, David D, Merino Torres, Juan Francisco, Meyers, Peter, Meyhöfer, Sebastian, Mezquita Raya, Pedro, Milanova, Maria, Milicic, Davor, Miller, Gary, Mills, Richard E, Mîndrescu, Nicoleta M, Mingrone, Geltrude, Minkova, Dotska A, Mirani, Marco, Miras, Alexander, Mistodie, Cristina V, Mitomo, Satoru, Mittal, Sanjay, Miyake, Taiji, Miyamoto, Naomasa, Molony, David, Monteiro, Pedro, Mooe, Thomas, Moosa, Naeem, Morales Portillo, Cristobal, Morales Villegas, Enrique C, Morawski, Emily J, Morbey, Claire, Morin, Robert P, Morisaki, Kuniaki, Morosanu, Magdalena, Mosenzon, Ofri, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Munir, Iqbal, Muratori, Fabrizio, Murray, Ryan, Murthy, Avinash, Myint, Min, Myshanych, Galyna, Nafornita, Valerica, Nagano, Takuya, Nair, Sunil, Nakhle, Samer N, Natsuaki, Masahiro, Nayak, Bindu M, Nibouche, Djamel Eddine, Nicholls, Stephen, Nicolau, José C, Nicolescu, Georgiana, Nierop, Peter, Niskanen, Leo, Ntaios, George, Nygård, Ottar Kjell, Oaks, Joshua B, Obrezan, Andrey, O'donnell, Philip, Oguri, Mitsutoshi, Oguzhan, Abdurrahman, Oh, Fumiki, Ohsugi, Mitsuru, Okada, Yoshio, Okayama, Hideki, Onaca, Adriana, Onaka, Haruhiko, Oneil, Patrick, Ong, Tiong Kiam, Ong, Stephen, Ono, Yasuhiro, Opsahl, Paul J, Ostrowska, Lucyna, Oviedo, Alejandra, Ozdogan, Oner, Ozpelit, Ebru, Pagkalos, Emmanouil, Pagotto, Uberto, Páll, Dénes, Pandey, Amritanshu- Shekhar, Parkhomenko, Oleksandr, Parvathareddy, Krishna Malakondareddy, Patel, Minesh B, Patsilinakos, Sotirios, Paul, Neil, Pedersen, Sue, Pereira, Isabel, Pereira, Edward Scott, Perez Terns, Paula, Perez-Vargas, Elba A, Pergaeva, Yulia, Perkelvald, Alexander, Peskov, Andrey B, Peter, Jonathan, Peters, Karina, Petit, Catherine, Petrov, Ivo, Philis-Tsimikas, Athena, Pietilä, Mikko, Pinto, Fausto, Piros, Annamária, Piyayotai, Dilok, Platonov, Dmitriy, Poirier, Paul, Pop, Lavinia, Popa, Bogdan, Pop-Busui, Rodica, Poremba, John, Porto, Alejandro, Postadzhiyan, Arman, Pothineni, Ramesh B, Potu, Ranganatha P, Powell, Talessa, Prafulla, Kerkar G, Prager, Rudolf, Prakova-Teneva, Zhulieta R, Pratley, Richard E, Price, Hermione, Pulka, Grazyna, Pullman, John, Punt, Zelda E, Purighalla, Raman S, Purnell, Peter, Qureshi, Mansoor, Rabasa-Lhoret, Remi, Raikhel, Marina A, Rancane, Gita, Randeva, Harpal, Rasouli, Neda, Reurean Pintilei, Delia V, Reyes, Ciro R, Rezgale, Inga, Rice, Eva, Riley, Thaddeus H, Risser, Joseph A, Ristic, Arsen, Rivas Fernández, Margarita, Robbins, David, Robitaille, Yves, Rodbard, Helena W, Rodriguez Plazas, Jaime A, Römer, T.J., Rosen, Glenn, Rosman, Dr Azhari, Rossi, Paulo, Rudenko, Leonid, Ruffin, Omari, Ruhani, Anwar Irawan, Runev, Nikolay, Ruyatkin, Dmitriy, Ruzic, Alen, Ryabov, Vyacheslav V, Rydén, Lars, Saggar, Suraj, Sakamoto, Tomohiro, Salter, Tim, Samal, Aditya K, Samoilova, Yulia, Sanabria, Hugo D, Sancak, Seda, Sangrigoli, Renee, Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Santini, Ferruccio, Saraiva, José F, Sardinov, Ruslan, Sargeant, William, Sari, Ramazan, Sathananthan, Airani, Sathyapalan, Thozhukat, Sato, Atsushi, Sauter, Joachim, Sbraccia, Paolo, Schaap, J., Schaum, Thomas, Schiele, François, Scott, John, Segal Lieberman, Gabriella, Segner, Alexander, Senior, Roxy, Sergeeva-Kondrachenko, Marina Y, Serota, Harvey, Serusclat, Pierre, Sethi, Rishi, Shah, Manoj K, Shah, Neerav, Shalaev, Sergey, Sharma, Raj, Sharma, Sumeet, Shaydyuk, Oksana, Shea, Heidi C, Shechter, Michael, Shehadeh, Naim, Shirazi, Mitra, Shlesinger, Yshay, Shneker, Ayham, Shutemova, Elena, Siasos, Gerasimos, Siddiqui, Imran A, Sidey, Jennifer, Sigal, Felix, Sime, Iveta, Singh, Narendra, Siraj, Elias, Sivalingam, Kanagaratnam, Skoczylas, Grzegorz, Smith, Stephen K, Smolenskaya, Olga, Snyder, Brian, Sofer, Yael, Sofley, C.W., Solano, Royce, Sonmez, Yusuf A, Sorokin, Maxim, Soto González, Alfonso, Sotolongo, Carlos, Soufer, Joseph, Soyluk Selcukbiricik, Ozlem, Spaic, Tamara, Spriggs, Douglas, Sreenan, Seamus, Stahl, Hans-Detlev, Stamatelopoulos, Kimon, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Stankovic, Goran, Stasek, Josef, Steg, Gabriel, Steindorf, Joerg, Stephan, Dominique, Stewart, John, Still, Christopher, St-Maurice, Francois, Stogowska-Nikiciuk, Barbara, Stoker, Jeff, Stokic, Edita, Strzelecka, Anna, Sturm, Kerstin, Sueyoshi, Atsushi, Sugiura, Toshiyuki, Sultan, Senan, Suplotova, Lyudmila A, Suwanagool, Arisara, Suwanwalaikorn, Sompongse, Sveklina, Tatiana, Swanson, Neil, Swart, Henk, Swenson, Bradley P, Szyprowska, Ewa, Tait, Graeme, Takács, Róbert, Takeuchi, Yuzo, Tamirisa, Aparna, Tanaka, Hideki, Tatovic, Danijela, Tellier, Guy, Teragawa, Hiroki, Teterovska, Dace, Thomas, Nihal, Thuan, Jean-Francois, Tinahones, Francisco, Tisheva-Gospodinova, Snezhanka, Toarba, Cristina, Todoriuk, Liudmyla, Tokmakova, Mariya, Tonstad, Serena, Toplak, Hermann, Tran, Henry, Tripathy, Devjit, Trusau, Aliaksandr, Tsabedze, Nqoba, Tsougos, Elias, Tsoukas, George M, Tuccinardi, Dario, Tuna, Mazhar M, Turatti, Luiz A, Tziomalos, Konstantinos, Udommongkol, Chesda, Ueda, Osamu, Ukkola, Olavi, Unubol, Mustafa, Urbach, Dorothea, Urina Triana, Miguel A, Usdan, Lisa, Vaidya, Bijay, Vale, Noah, Vallieres, Gerald, Van Beek, Andre P, Van De Borne, Philippe, Van Der Walt, Eugene, Van Der Zwaan, C., Van Nieuwenhuizen, Elane, Van Zyl, Louis, Vanduynhoven, Philippe, Varghese, Kiron, Vasileva, Svetla P, Vassilev, Dobrin, Vathesatogkit, Prin, Velychko, Valentyna, Vercammen, Chris, Verges, Bruno, Verma, Subodh, Verwerft, Jan, Vesela, Alica, Veselovskaya, Nadezhda G, Vettor, Roberto, Veze, Irina, Vijan, Vinod, Vijayaraghavan, Ram, Villarino, Adriana, Vincent, Royce, Vinogradova, Oksana, Vishlitzky, Victor, Vlad, Adrian, Vladu, Ionela Mihaela, Vo, Anthony, Von Engelhardt, Charlotte, Von Münchhausen, Candy, Vorobyeva, Olga, Vossenberg, T., Vrolix, Mathias, Vukicevic, Marjana, Vyshnyvetskyy, Ivan, Wadvalla, Shahid, Wagner, Jan, Wakeling, John, Wallace, James, Wan Mohamed, Wan Mohd Izani, Wander, Gurpreet S, Ward, Kathleen, Warren, Mark L, Watanabe, Atsuyuki, Weber, Bruce, Weintraub, Howard, Weisnagel, John, Welker, James, Wendisch, Ulrich, Wenocur, Howard S, Wierum, Craig, Wilding, John, William, Maged, Wilson, Pete, Wilson, Jonathan P, Wong, Yuk-Ki, Wongcharoen, Wanwarang, Wozniak, Iwona, Wu, Chau-Chung, Wyatt, Nell, Wynne, Alan, Yamaguchi, Hiroshi, Yamasaki, Masahiro, Yazici, Dilek, Yeh, Hung-I, Yotov, Yoto, Yuan, Qingyang, Zacher, Jeffrey, Zagrebelnaya, Olga, Zaidman, Cesar J, Zalevskaya, Alsu, Zarich, Stuart, Zatelli, Maria Chiara, Zeller, Helga, Zhdanova, Elena A, Zornitzki, Taiba, Zrazhevskiy, Konstantin, Zykov, Mikhail, Lincoff, A Michael, Ryan, Donna H, Colhoun, Helen M, Deanfield, John E, Emerson, Scott S, Kahn, Steven E, Kushner, Robert F, Plutzky, Jorge, Brown-Frandsen, Kirstine, Hovingh, G Kees, Hardt-Lindberg, Soren, Tornøe, Christoffer W, Deanfield, John, Scirica, Benjamin M, Ryan, Donna, Kosiborod, Mikhail N, Hardt-Lindberg, Søren, Frenkel, Ofir, Weeke, Peter E, Rasmussen, Søren, Lang, Chim C, and Urina-Triana, Miguel

Published
2024
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42. Lipid-orchestrated paracrine circuit coordinates mast cell maturation and anaphylaxis through functional interaction with fibroblasts

Author

Taketomi, Yoshitaka, Higashi, Takayoshi, Kano, Kuniyuki, Miki, Yoshimi, Mochizuki, Chika, Toyoshima, Shota, Okayama, Yoshimichi, Nishito, Yasumasa, Nakae, Susumu, Tanaka, Satoshi, Tokuoka, Suzumi M., Oda, Yoshiya, Shichino, Shigeyuki, Ueha, Satoshi, Matsushima, Kouji, Akahoshi, Noriyuki, Ishii, Satoshi, Chun, Jerold, Aoki, Junken, and Murakami, Makoto

Published
2024
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44. Polarization rotator Bragg grating assisted wavelength selective polarization alignment

Author

Okayama, Hideaki, Onawa, Yosuke, Shimura, Daisuke, Takahashi, Hiroyuki, Yaegashi, Hiroki, and Sasak, Hironori

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

A device performing both the polarization-alignment and the wavelength selection is demonstrated by fabricated device. Waveguides incorporating Bragg gratings for polarization rotation and mode conversion having different widths are placed near to each other. For the polarization rotation, experimental results show that the field strength ratio in the two waveguides defines the diffraction coupling coefficient and excitation strength of unwanted modes. The excitation of unwanted mode is reduced, when a large radius short curved waveguide is used for input/output waveguides as shown in the experiment. Polarization aligned wavelength peaks were observed at the backward drop port in the experiment., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures

Published
2021

50. An octavalent dendrimer of multiple antigenic peptide with a property of pan-coronavirus IgM induction improved clinical signs of feline infectious peritonitis in cats

Author

Takuya Nara, Hiroshi Shimoda, Chitose Suzuki, Ngo Thuy Bao Tran, Hina Tsukada, Hiroki Okayama, Hu Weiyin, Miho Obata, Saki Mitsunaga, Masashi Sakurai, Yudai Kuroda, Ken Maeda, Masato Kubo, Takashi Saito, and Kenichi Masuda

Subjects
Multiple antigenic peptides, Coronaviruses, Universal vaccine, IgM, FIP, Cats, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a lethal disease caused by a pathogenic coronavirus, feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), in cats. Effective vaccines have been unsuccessful due to the frequent mutation of FIPV and antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) caused by vaccine-induced IgG antibodies (Abs). This study examined the induction of pan-coronavirus IgM Ab in mice and its ameliorating effects in feline FIP using CoV-mMAP8, an octavalent dendrimer composed of multiple antigenic peptides. The 11-amino acid peptide (SAIEDLLFNKV) was designed as the highly conserved region of the fusion peptide at the N-terminus of S2’ subunit of the spike protein found in human and animal coronaviruses and was then conjugated to an octavalent dendrimer to form CoV-mMAP8. After a total of three injections of CoV-mMAP8 into Balb/c mice with α-galactosylceramide (α-GC) co-administered in the second injection, serum titers of IgM Abs increased against the peptide, recombinant spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, and crude viral antigens of canine coronavirus, porcine endemic diarrhea virus, and FIPV. In contrast, serum titers of IgG Abs did not significantly increase against any antigens. When CoV-mMAP8 was injected into three cats experimentally infected with FIPV, hyperthermia was improved within seven days after the injection with ameliorating inflammatory markers such as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and the systemic immune-inflammatory index. One cat that showed recurrent hyperthermia received an additional injection of CoV-mMAP8, and clinical improvement was observed again. Postmortem examinations confirmed chronic lesions of FIP in all the cats, providing evidence that FIPV had been successfully infected and treated with CoV-mMAP8 in all the cats. Based on the induction of pan-coronavirus IgM Abs in mice and ameliorating effects in FIP of cats, it is assumed that CoV-mMAP8 has the potential to overcome the challenges posed by variants and ADE in FIPV. The mutational compatibility of CoV-mMAP8 can make it a viable universal vaccine for various coronaviruses beyond FIPV.

Published
2024
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