Search

The article is about the problem of practical implementation of thegender sensitive approach in the system of career guidance work of themedical professional college, the conditions of its realization are singledout and characterized.The subject of research is a model as a method of forming a gender sensitive educational environment in career guidance work.The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate and determine the components of the model of gender sensitivity formation in career guidance work and experimentally test the logic and structure ofthe implemented model.The logic and structure of the implemented model are traced by applying a set of methods adequate to the subject of research: theoreticalmethods (analysis, synthesis, comprehension and generalization of theoretical positions) and empirical methods (method of modeling, questionnaires, observation). The levels of students’ readiness to form a gender sensitive environment and the essence of the activities of ambassadors, participants of the project «Ambassadors of the Future», are measured. Participants of the project «Ambassadors of the Future» promote conscious choice of a profession free of gender stereotypes and the essence of gender sensitive activities in working with young people to expand their potential. Emphasis is placed on the effectiveness of educational and guidance activities as active cooperation with specialized public organizations that support gender equality and non-discrimination in society (implementation of joint educational and social project initiatives, mass actions, etc.).

The article presents data on the influence of the breed of linear affiliation, country of origin on the quality indicators of sperm production of sire bulls. The research was carried out on bulls of Holstein, Black Pied, Brown Swiss and Hereford bulls at the age of 2-6 years in OOO Nizhegorodskoie for Stock Breeding. In our studies, bulls of different breeds differed from each other in qualitative and quantitative indicators. Holstein bulls had the largest volume of ejaculate, 7.57 ± 0.19 ml, in the context of the lineages the fluctuations were insignificant. The highest concentration of sperm was found in the ejaculate of Hereford beef bulls, 0.789 ± 0.105 billion/ml. The best sperm activity was found in Holstein and Brown Swiss bulls (6.42 and 6.47 points, respectively). The influence of the breed on the volume of ejaculate was 34.4%, on the concentration of sperm in the ejaculate - 18.8%, on the activity of sperm - 25.6%. The average volume of ejaculate is a rather variable sign. The coefficient of variability ranges from 10.7 to 32.1%. The sperm concentration has slightly less variability, the coefficient of variability is 11.8-24.8%. The variability in sperm activity was the lowest of the three studied parameters. The lowest value of the coefficient of variation of sperm activity was found in the Laird lineage of Brown Swiss bulls, 0.1%; the highest in Hereford bulls, 10.6%. The number of sperm doses stored in the storage depends to a greater extent on the activity of sperm cells (r = 0.421), to a lesser extent on their concentration in the ejaculate (r = 0.375). Holstein bulls from Canada are of full age (5-6 years), which is why they exceeded domestic stud bulls in terms of ejaculate volume and sperm activity with statistical significance. The difference in sperm concentration between stud bulls has not been established., Volga Region Farmland, Выпуск 1 (9) 2021, Pages 51-56

Background. Myocardial overload occurs in situations when one or another heart chamber receives excess blood during diastole. Most often it occurs as a result of insufficiency of aortic or atrioventricular valves. Changes in cardiomyocytes (CMs) are regarded as compensatory, and the way myocardial remodeling with volume overload passes into the stage of decompensation still remains unexplored. The aim. To determine the morphological signs of adaptation and maladaptation of the myocardium to its volume overload. Materials and methods. Four hearts obtained at autopsy from patients who died of heart failure due to mitral valve insufficiency were used for the microscopical examination. Histological specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, picrofuxin according to Van Gieson, fuxelin according to Weigert, alizarin red S and MSB method modified by Zerbino-Lukasevich “orange-red-blue” (ORB). For the study by electron microscopy, the material was obtained during operations in 6 patients with dilated atria from the area of surgical access. Results and conclusions. The heart chambers volume overload is compensated by the increase in the size of their cavities due to the “longitudinal” hypertrophy of the CMs which is expressed by the increase in the number of sarcomeres in each myofibril. The compensation mechanism is limited by the ability of abruptly altered CMs to produce new sarcomeres. Decompensation of adaptive processes is manifested by: destruction of intermyocytic and interfiber connections in functional myocardial syncytium; desynchronization of CMs contraction; the effect of CMs “sliding” relative to each other with the damage of interstitial connective tissue; dilation of T-tubes of CMs with the subsequent calcium damage of cellular organelles; dissociation of CMs and myocardial fibrosis.

The article provides information and analyzes statistical indicators on the status of endocrinological care for children in 2019 in general in Ukraine and in different regions, its dynamics over the past 5 years. Data on the status of inpatient care for children with endocrine diseases are provided; about disability due to endocrine pathology, which in recent years has been growing steadily; about the incidence and prevalence of malignant diseases of the endocrine glands in children. Also data from database of children with diabetes mellitus (DM), including its various forms, with pathological short stature and disorder of sexual differentiation (DSD), are included. The problematic issues of specialized medical care for children with diseases of the endocrine system are highlighted.It is noted that according to the database of children with DM in 2019, 9962 patients under the age of 18 years (13.14 per 10,000 children) were registered, including 9866 children on insulin therapy, 36 patients with type 2 DM, 106 — with monogenic DM, including neonatal DM was confirmed in 66 children and MODY in 40 patients. The prevalence of DM among children under the age of 18 years has increased over the past 5 years by 21.1 %.According to the database of children with DSD (n = 95), there were 17 children with chromosomal DSD, 65 patients with 46,XY DSD and 13 patients with 46,XX DSD.It is reported that in 2019 in Ukraine, 1613 children with dwarfism under 18 years of age were registered who need growth hormone treatment, including 1147 children with pituitary and pituitary­cerebral dwarfism, 303 children with Turner syndrome, 73 children with Russell — ­Silver syndrome, 46 children with Prader­ — Willi syndrome, 13 children with short stature who were born small for gestational age, as well as 16 children with dwarfism due to chronic renal failure. Each year, the number of such patients increases by an average of 10 %. These children are treated for state budget funds., Проанализированы статистические показатели оказания эндокринологической помощи детям в 2019 г. в Украине в целом и в регионах, их динамика за последние 5 лет. Приведены данные о кадровом обеспечении детской эндокринологической службы, стационарной помощи детям с эндокринными болезнями, инвалидности вследствие эндокринной патологии, которая в последние годы неуклонно растет (сахарный диабет, гипотиреоз и т. д.), заболеваемости и распространенности злокачественных болезней эндокринных желез у детей, а также данные реестров детей с некоторыми эндокринными болезнями (формы сахарного диабета, патологическая низкорослость, расстройства половой дифференцировки (РПД)). Освещены проблемные вопросы оказания специализированной помощи детям с болезнями эндокринной системы.По данным реестра детей, больных сахарным диабетом, в 2019 г. было зарегистрировано 9962 больных в возрасте до 18 лет (13,14 на 10 тыс. детского населения), в том числе 9866 детей, находящихся на инсулинотерапии, 36 больных с сахарным диабетом 2 типа, 106 — с моногенным сахарным диабетом, в частности неонатальный сахарный диабет подтвержден у 66 детей, MODY — у 40. Распространенность сахарного диабета среди детей в возрасте до 18 лет увеличилась за последние 5 лет на 21,1 %.Детям с РПД проводят детальное ультразвуковое обследование в ведущих генетических лабораториях мира специалисты отдела детской эндокринологии Украинского научно‑практического центра эндокринной хирургии, трансплантации эндокринных органов и тканей МЗ Украины. Среди 95 таких детей с хромосомным РПД — 17, с 46,ХY РПД — 65, с 46,ХХ РПД — 13.В 2019 г. в Украине зарегистрировано 1613 детей в возрасте до 18 лет с низкорослостью, нуждающихся в лечении препаратами гормона роста, в частности 1147 детей с гипофизарным и гипофизарно‑церебральным нанизмом, 303 — с синдромом Тернера, 73 — с синдромом Рассела — Сильвера, 46 — с синдромом Прадера— Вилли, 13 — с низкорослостью, которые родились маленькими для своего гестационного возраста, 16 — с нанизмом вследствие хронической почечной недостаточности. Ежегодно количество таких больных возрастает в среднем на 10 %. Эти дети получают лечение препаратами гормона роста за средства государственного бюджета., Проаналізовано статистичні показники надання ендокринологічної допомоги дітям у 2019 р. в Україні в цілому і в регіонах, їх динаміку за останні 5 років. Наведено дані щодо кадрового забезпечення дитячої ендокринологічної служби, стаціонарної допомоги дітям з ендокринними хворобами, інвалідності внаслідок ендокринної патології, котра протягом останніх років невпинно зростає (цукровий діабет, гіпотиреоз тощо), захворюваності та поширеності злоякісних хвороб ендокринних залоз у дітей, а також дані реєстрів дітей з деякими ендокринними хворобами (форми цукрового діабету, патологічна низькорослість, порушення статевого диференціювання (ПСД)). Висвітлено проблемні питання надання спеціалізованої допомоги дітям із хворобами ендокринної системи.За даними реєстру дітей, хворих на цукровий діабет, у 2019 р. було зареєстровано 9962 хворих віком до 18 років (13,14 на 10 тис. дитячого населення), зокрема 9866 дітей, які перебувають на інсулінотерапії, 36 хворих із цукровим діабетом 2 типу, 106 — з моногенним цукровим діабетом, зокрема неонатальний цукровий діабет підтверджено у 66 дітей, MODY — у 40. Поширеність цукрового діабету серед дітей віком до 18 років збільшилася за останні 5 років на 21,1 %.Дітям із ПСД проводять детальне цитогенетичне обстеження в провідних генетичних лабораторіях світу фахівцями відділу дитячої ендокринології Українського науково‑практичного центру ендокринної хірургії, трансплантації ендокринних органів і тканин МОЗ України. Серед 95 таких дітей з хромосомним ПСД — 17, з 46,ХY ПСД — 65, з 46,ХХ ПСД — 13.У 2019 р. в Україні зареєстровано 1613 дітей віком до 18 років із низькорослістю, які потребують лікування препаратами гормону росту, зокрема 1147 дітей з гіпофізарним і гіпофізарно‑церебральним нанізмом, 303 — із синдромом Тернера, 73 — із синдромом Рассела — Сільвера, 46 — із синдромом Прадера — Віллі, 13 — із низькорослістю, які народились малими для гестаційного віку, 16 — із нанізмом унаслідок хронічної ниркової недостатності. Щороку кількість таких хворих зростає в середньому на 10 %. Ці діти отримують лікування препаратами гормону росту за кошти державного бюджету.

The work is devoted to the results of the study of the role of the mitral valve (MV) in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Purpose. To determine the role of MV in the pathogenesis of HCM. Morphological examination was performed on the operating material: 36 MV fragments, 41 specimens of the interventricular septum resected during Ferrazzi surgery, 4 autopsy cases of aortic valve stenosis (AVS). Morphological data were compared with the results of Echocardiography: 41 patients with HCM (29 men and 12 women, mean age – 39.8 ± 15.3 years), 53 patients with AVS (comparison group), 54 healthy volunteers (24 men and 30 women, mean age – 33.2 ± 8.5 years). Echocardiograms of maximal longitudinal displacement of the basal segments of the left ventricle were analyzed. The results were processed using the Statistica 6.0 application package. At HCM changes of MV in the form of atypical chords are attached, which are attached to the smooth part of the ante-rior flap, destruction of the endothelial layer on the ventricular surface of this flap, increase of the sizes of the flap and chord, expansion of the spongy and fibrosis of the compact layer. In the basal part of the interventricular septum a fibrous stain is formed on the endocardium. In the area of the myocardium adjacent to the mitral fibrosis stain, maximal hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes and interstitial fibrosis spreading from the fibrous stain are observed. Asymmetric contraction of the basal segments of the LV was reported in patients with HCM with vector-echocardiogram by reducing the longitudinal displacement of the septal, inferior and anterior segments and increasing this index for the posterior and lateral walls. This indicates the asymmetric nature of the reduction of the LV myocardium, resulting in the MV fibrous ring during systole shifting unevenly. In patients with AVS, circular myocardial hypertrophy due to stenosis does not affect MV position during systole. According to the study, morpho-functional evidence was obtained of the essential role of MV in the development of HCM, but the question remains open and needs further study.

The article has proposed a new version of articles of the Constitutional Code of Ukraine (and other states) regarding the essence of basic constitutional duty of the state, basic procedure for ensuring and observing legal status of social subjects and the highest social values of this legal status. Attention has been drawn to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was adopted to protect human rights by the law in order to ensure that the person will not need to resort to restoration against tyranny and oppression. To approve this administrative arbitrariness and tyranny of corruption and lack of professionalism two stages of contest of 07.11.2016 and 02.08.2018 were conducted to establish cassation courts and anti-corruption court. It has been underlined that the results of these contests were based on deception, cynical corruption and/or legal non-professionalism. And the former President controlled the “brilliant” achievement of these contests’ goal. It has been proposed to withdraw illegal Presidential orders on appointment of judges to the mentioned courts and to initiate a re-contest. A radical reform of prosecution’s powers has been proposed. Along with the President of Ukraine the prosecution office has to be over all the branches of power and supervise strict compliance with laws by all the persons and state bodies. Procedural guidance of investigation should be transferred to the heads of special investigative units and the function of conviction should be fulfilled by special units of conviction of public defender’s office aimed at providing defense and other legal aid. At the same time obtaining of material and other benefits from clients should be considered as a bribe.

Solutions to a partial differential equation of the third order containing the modular nonlinearity are studied. The model describes, in particular, elastic waves in media with weak high-frequency dispersion and with different response to tensile and compressive stresses. This equation is linear for solutions preserving their sign. Nonlinear phenomena only manifest themselves to alternating solutions. Stationary solutions in the form of solitary waves or solitons are found. It is shown how the linear periodic wave becomes nonlinear after exceeding a certain critical value of the amplitude, and how it transforms into a soliton with further increase in the amplitude.

In this article we obtain exact solutions of finite inhomogeneous deformations of three-dimensional micropolar elastic bodies. We consider a model of the physically linear isotropic compressible material with six material parameters. The obtained solutions describe following types of finite deformations: cylindrical bending of a rectangular plate, straightening of a cylindrical sector, double cylindrical bending, pure bending of a circular cylinder sector, inflation and reversing of a hollow sphere. The results can be used to verify two-dimensional models of micropolar elastic shells.

Initial stress fields play an important role in deformational processes in porous structures. Accurate modeling of dynamics behavior of the porous medium taking initial stresses into account requires an appropriate mathematical model. One of the common approaches for the construction of a mathematical model of the dynamic behavior of a medium taking the initial state into account is linearization. This paper presents equations of longitudinal vibrations of a poroelastic inhomogeneous body in the presence of the initial stress field. The influence of the initial stress rate and Biot’s modulus on the dynamic behavior of the environment is analyzed. The problem of reconstructing the initial stress field for the poroelastic inhomogeneous column based on the genetic algorithm and nonlinear optimization with the use of modern packages of numerical simulation is studied. A series of numerical experiments on the reconstruction of different initial stress field distribution laws using the described methods is carried out.

A method for evaluating the duration of the efficient use of gear oils has been proposed. The method is based on estimating the effect of the service life of the oils on the deformation and strength characteristics of surface layers of friction pairs. The proposed method can be used to evaluate not only the condition, but also the service lives of the oils.

У статті проведено оцінку впливу природно-кліматичних та метеорологічних факторів на перебіг захворювання у пацієнтів із гіпертонічною хворобою та встановлено роль медичної сестри у профілактиці розвитку ускладнень.Встановлено, що на фоні коливання температури атмосферного повітря, динамічного зменшення кількості опадів відбувається зростання кількості стаціонарних пацієнтів кардіологічного профілю. Збільшення захворюваності та ускладнень гіпертонічної хвороби пов’язане з температурою атмосферного повітря, віку хворого і часу доби.Запропоновано план роботи середнього медичного персоналу для профілактики гіпертонічних кризів та інших ускладнень гіпертонічної хвороби: 1) формування групи ризику серед пацієнтів зони обслуговування зі значними коливаннями артеріального тиску, особливо в нічний період; 2) розробка журналу щоденної реєстрації загальножиттєвих показників (температура тіла, артеріальний тиск, пульс); 3) навчання та контроль за правильністю реєстрації загальножиттєвих показників; 4) проведення просвітницької роботи щодо факторів ризику та профілактики розвитку гіпертонічної хвороби та її ускладнень.

У статті наведено особливості організації сестринської допомоги особам старшого віку. Показано, що вирішити завдання зміцнення здоров’я населення, вдосконалення роботи установ вітчизняної охорони здоров’я в нових економічних умовах неможливо без підвищення ролі сестринського персоналу – найчисельнішої ланки медичних працівників. Неможливо також забезпечити потреби суспільства в якісній медичній допомозі без зміни статусу медсестри, розширення сфери її професійної діяльності, раціонального розподілу обов’язків між лікарями та медсестрами. Разом з тим перетворення в сестринській справі не можуть здійснюватися без аналізу сучасного стану сестринської допомоги, без чіткого визначення як сильних, так і слабких сторін діяльності медсестер. Отже, сучасна практика сестринського обслуговування перебуває в стадії системних перетворень та потребує наукового обґрунтування, оскільки незбалансованість медичних кадрів, малоефективне використання сестринського персоналу в практиці негативно впливає на якість медичної допомоги.

Мета роботи – вивчити особливості зміни регіональної температури у місті Тернопіль за 10 років та порівняти отримані дані з такими в Україні та Європі.Матеріали і методи. Для визначення параметрів температури повітря та кількості опадів використали оригінальний статистичний аналіз інструментальних гідрометеоспостережень на метеостанції м. Тернопіль за останні 10 років та інших міст України у 2015 році. Для аналізу показників атмосферного повітря в окремих європейських країнах використали глобальні кліматичні дані.Результати. Аналіз показників атмосферного повітря в окремих європейських країнах показав значні її коливання. Найбільший приріст температури з 2011 р. до 2014 р. відмічено у Хорватії (на 50,0%), значно зріс показник за три роки у Великобританії (на 13,0%) та Іспанії (на 16,0%). В Україні середньорічна температура повітря підвищилася у 2014 р. на 16,3%, у 2015 р. – на 11,3% стосовно попереднього року. Температурні криві в Україні свідчать про загальну тенденцію до потепління з ймовірністю значного підвищення температури у літні місяці.Висновки. Протягом останніх 10 років реєструється зростання температури атмосферного повітря у м. Тернопіль у межах 0,8–2,30Сз найвищим показником у 2015 р., що відповідає загальним тенденціям як в Україні, так і в Європі. Це необхідно враховувати при розробці протоколів профілактики і лікування соматичних захворювань.

У статті показано вплив клімату і його коливань на здоров’я людини. Вcтановлено вплив всіх чинників кліматоутворення на організм здорової та хворої людини. При цьому здоров’я населення залежить від здатності організму адаптуватися до умов навколишнього соціально-екологічного і технічного середовища.

The given article deals with the work of volunteer team under the aegis ofBerdyanskMedicalCollege and covers the necessity of development of volunteer movement among medical students.

This paper is devoted to experimental and theoretical studies of the formation of structured films from the ensembles of micro- or nanoparticles in the drops of a colloidal solution placed on a support and subjected to acoustic-vibration effects.

The increase in the efficiency of the "numerical" technology for solving computational problems of parametric optimization of the technological process of hydroponic germination of wheat grains is considered. In this situation, the quality criteria are contradictory and a part of them is given by implicit functions of many variables. One of the main stages, soaking, determining the time and quality of germinated wheat grain is studied, when grain receives the required amount of moisture and air oxygen for germination and subsequently accumulates enzymes. A solution algorithm for this problem is suggested implemented by means of software packages Statistica v.10 and MathCAD v.15. The use of the proposed mathematical models describing the processes of hydroponic soaking of spring soft wheat varieties made it possible to determine optimal conditions of germination. The results of investigations show that the type of aquatic environment used for soaking has a great influence on the process of water absorption, especially the chemical composition of the germinated material. The use of the anolyte of electrochemically activated water (ECHA-water) intensifies the process from 5.83 to 4 hours for wheat variety «Altayskaya 105»; and from 13 to 8.8 hours - for «Pobla Runo».

To reduce the duration of the process and to ensure the microbiological purity of the germinated material, an improved method of germination has been developed based on the complex use of physical factors: electrochemically activated water (ECHA-water), electromagnetic field of extremely low frequencies (EMF ELF) with round-the-clock artificial illumination by LED lamps. The increase in the efficiency of the "numerical" technology for solving computational problems of parametric optimization of the technological process of hydroponic germination of wheat grains is considered. In this situation, the quality criteria are contradictory and part of them is given by implicit functions of many variables. A solution algorithm is offered without the construction of a Pareto set in which a relatively small number of elements of a set of alternatives is used to obtain a linear convolution of the criteria with given weights, normalized to their "ideal" values from the solution of the problems of single-criterion private optimizations. The use of the proposed mathematical models describing the processes of hydroponic germination of wheat grains made it possible to intensify the germination process and to shorten the time of obtaining wheat sprouts "Altayskaya 105" for 27 hours.

The structure, composition and properties of coatings on Si, Al2O3 and GaAs single crystals prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering of a AlN-TiCrB2 target prepared by powder metallurgy are studied. Coating phase composition is different from that of the target material due to oxidation of aluminum nitride and its dissociation under ion bombardment conditions. The coatings have a very fine structure and marked resistance to high-temperature oxidation due to formation of solid solutions in the systems Al2O3-TiO2-Cr2O3 and Al2O3-B2O3. The increase in mass of the target material at 1300°C is 1.4 mg/cm2. After high-temperature oxidation the reinforced fine structure of the coating forms as interwoven Al2O3 fibers. Coatings of (AlN-TiCrB2)-Al2O3 and (AlN-TiCrB2)-GaAs are thermally stable up to 900°C and have a high microhardness (H µ) and crack resistance (KIc = 4.7–3.3 MN/m3/2). With an increase in annealing temperature (T ≥ 1000°C) coating mechanical properties worsen, but their adhesive strength increases. The AlN-TiCrB2 target material may be recommended for preparing wear-and corrosion-resistant coatings on tools, and also on critical components operating under extreme conditions.

Evolution of the integral intensity of the photoluminescence (IIPL) of untreated and treated (48% HF etched) porous silicon (PS) samples is studied in samples stored in the air both in the dark and in daylight. It is established that IIPL of the illuminated samples rises with time more rapidly for the etched samples than for the untreated ones. The luminescence efficiency of the unilluminated samples practically does not change. The mechanism of the light effect on sample photoluminescence can be related to an increase of the ambient air ionicity, which is favorable to the reaction of atmospheric oxygen with silicon during the PS surface passivation and the oxide formation. The influence of HF etching duration on sample IIPL is also studied. The effect of HF on the luminescent properties depends on the treatment time and the initial intensity of sample photoluminescence.

The effect of chemical treatment of porous silicon samples by HF on its photoluminescence and its evolution with time in sample aging in air is investigated. It is shown that the effect of HF on the luminescence parameters depends on the duration of the treatment and the initial photoluminescence intensity of the sample. It is found that chemical etching in HF accelerates the growth of the total luminescence intensity in aging of the sample in air. The evolution of the photoluminescence spectrum in aging of the sample in air after chemical etching can be explained within the framework of the quantum-size model of the luminescence of porous silicon.

The effect of boron diffusion on the microhardness and photoluminescent properties of porous silicon layers obtained conventionally by anode etching is studied. By means of angle lap, it was found that the samples have a three-layer structure: the upper layer is a transparent film, the middle—actually porous silicon, and the lower layer is a single-crystal substrate. It is established that boron diffusion into the cathode surface increases the luminescence intensity, while diffusion into the anode surface decreases it, and the thickness of both the porous and surface silicon compound layers increased in both cases. A conclusion is drawn that the gradient of internal stresses in the substrate produces a positive effect on the luminescence intensity of the porous layer grown on it. A luminescence model allowing for both the role of silicon compounds and the quantum-size hypothesis is proposed.

Temperature dependences of electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of intercalates HxNbSe2 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 5.2) and DxNbSe2 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.53) have been studied. A change of the metallic type of conductivity for the semiconducting one for HxNbSe2 (x > 1) is related to the structural transition of the 2HTaS2 → 2HMoS2 type. DxNbSe2 (with the exception of x = 0.41) has a metallic type of conductivity. HxNbSe2, DxNbSe2 are paramagnets. Their magnetic susceptibility at small contents of hydrogen (deuterium) depends weakly on the temperature. At x > 1 the magnetic susceptibility of intercalates changes according to the Curie-Weiss law. The 2HNbSe2 treatment with the hydrogen plasma leads to the formation of the HxNbSe2 intercalates with the 2HTaS2 and 2HMoS2 structural type. The temperature rise results in the formation of only 2HTaS2 structural type. Hydrogen intercalates in considerable quantities in 2HWSe2 and 2HMoSe2 (HxWSe2:0 < x < 3.9; HxMoSe2:0 < x < 2.08) with the dominating intercalation of hydrogen on cooling. 2H-WSe2 possesses improved sorption properties as compared to 2HMoSe2. Hydrogen intercalates of layered dichalcogenides of d-transition metals are promising as new hydrogen-containing materials applied for different purposes.

"Waves and Structures in Nonlinear Nondispersive Media: General Theory and Applications to Nonlinear Acoustics” is devoted completely to nonlinear structures. The general theory is given here in parallel with mathematical models. Many concrete examples illustrate the general analysis of Part I. Part II is devoted to applications to nonlinear acoustics, including specific nonlinear models and exact solutions, physical mechanisms of nonlinearity, sawtooth-shaped wave propagation, self-action phenomena, nonlinear resonances and engineering application (medicine, nondestructive testing, geophysics, etc.). This book is designed for graduate and postgraduate students studying the theory of nonlinear waves of various physical nature. It may also be useful as a handbook for engineers and researchers who encounter the necessity of taking nonlinear wave effects into account of their work. Dr. Gurbatov S.N. is the head of Department, and Vice Rector for Research of Nizhny Novgorod State University. Dr. Rudenko O.V. is the Full member of Russian Academy of Sciences, the head of Department at Moscow University and Professor at BTH (Sweden). Dr. Saichev A.I. is the Professor at the Faculty of Radiophysics of Nizhny Novgorod State University, Professor of ETH Zürich.

The purpose of this presentation is to briefly outline the progress and achievements that have occurred in some areas of nonlinear acoustics during recent years.

In addition to clinical picture of acute purulent maxillary inflammation (APMI), radionuclide tests data were examined to assess maxillary clearance by function of mucociliary system and forced nasal breathing in APMI patients treated with sodium chloride (crystalline and liquid) or furacin. Dry dispersion of sodium chloride and its 3% solution, furacin solution have no effect on clearance of the sinuses. Only a 6% concentration of sodium chloride hypertensive solution significantly improves the clearance in forced nasal breathing.

The first issue of the Akusticheskii Zhurnal appeared in 1955. Almost simultaneously, its English version was started under the title of Soviet Physics–Acoustics. The journal has become popular among acousticians of many countries all over the world. Its popularity was based on the high scientific standard that was set by the very first issues. The authors whose papers were published in the first volume included academicians N.N. Andreev and L.M. Brekhovskikh; the winner of the Nobel Prize Academician V.L. Ginzburg; professors G.D. Malyuzhinets, L.D. Rozenberg, and L.A. Chernov; and many other prominent scientists.

Selective etching was used to study the singularities of the screw segments of individual dislocation half-loops with a preload acting in various ways. In all cases the kinetic curves are observed to be nonlinear when the loads act for a long time. Hypotheses are presented about the possible nature of the effect.

The kinetics of the motion and the surmounting of detents by dislocations in sodium chloride and potassium chloride crystals is investigated herein. Special attention is paid to a comparative study of the mean free paths of the screw and edge dislocations. It is established that the mean free paths of the screw dislocations is somewhat less than for edge dislocations under identical test conditions. The kinetic curves obtained were processed within the frame-work of theoretical representations about the motion of dislocations in crystals containing detents of two kinds.