558 results on '"O. Ramirez"'
Search Results
2. Small Extracellular Vesicles in Milk Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier in Murine Cerebral Cortex Endothelial Cells and Promote Dendritic Complexity in the Hippocampus and Brain Function in C57BL/6J Mice
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Fang Zhou, Pearl Ebea, Ezra Mutai, Haichuan Wang, Sonal Sukreet, Shya Navazesh, Haluk Dogan, Wenhao Li, Juan Cui, Peng Ji, Denise M. O. Ramirez, and Janos Zempleni
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blood brain barrier ,gene expression ,milk exosomes ,neuronal development ,serial two-photon tomography ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Human milk contains large amounts of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and their microRNA cargos, whereas infant formulas contain only trace amounts of sEVs and microRNAs. We assessed the transport of sEVs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and sEV accumulation in distinct regions of the brain in brain endothelial cells and suckling mice. We further assessed sEV-dependent gene expression profiles and effects on the dendritic complexity of hippocampal granule cells and phenotypes of EV depletion in neonate, juvenile and adult mice. The transfer of sEVs across the BBB was assessed by using fluorophore-labeled bovine sEVs in brain endothelial bEnd.3 monolayers and dual chamber systems, and in wild-type newborn pups fostered to sEV and cargo tracking (ECT) dams that express sEVs labeled with a CD63-eGFP fusion protein for subsequent analysis by serial two-photon tomography and staining with anti-eGFP antibodies. Effects of EVs on gene expression and dendritic architecture of granule cells was analyzed in hippocampi from juvenile mice fed sEV and RNA-depleted (ERD) and sEV and RNA-sufficient (ERS) diets by using RNA-sequencing analysis and Golgi-Cox staining followed by integrated neuronal tracing and morphological analysis of neuronal dendrites, respectively. Spatial learning and severity of kainic acid-induced seizures were assessed in mice fed ERD and ERS diets. bEnd.3 cells internalized sEVs by using a saturable transport mechanism and secreted miR-34a across the basal membrane. sEVs penetrated the entire brain in fostering experiments; major regions of accumulation included the hippocampus, cortex and cerebellum. Two hundred ninety-five genes were differentially expressed in hippocampi from mice fed ERD and ERS diets; high-confidence gene networks included pathways implicated in axon guidance and calcium signaling. Juvenile pups fed the ERD diet had reduced dendritic complexity of dentate granule cells in the hippocampus, scored nine-fold lower in the Barnes maze test of spatial learning and memory, and the severity of seizures was 5-fold higher following kainic acid administration in adult mice fed the ERD diet compared to mice fed the ERS diet. We conclude that sEVs cross the BBB and contribute toward optimal neuronal development, spatial learning and memory, and resistance to kainic acid-induced seizures in mice.
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- 2022
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3. Consensus Transcriptional Landscape of Human End‐Stage Heart Failure
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Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Jan D. Lanzer, Christian H. Holland, Florian Leuschner, Patrick Most, Jobst‐Hendrik Schultz, Rebecca T. Levinson, and Julio Saez‐Rodriguez
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consensus signature ,heart failure ,knowledge banks ,machine learning ,meta‐analysis ,transcriptomics ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background Transcriptomic studies have contributed to fundamental knowledge of myocardial remodeling in human heart failure (HF). However, the key HF genes reported are often inconsistent between studies, and systematic efforts to integrate evidence from multiple patient cohorts are lacking. Here, we aimed to provide a framework for comprehensive comparison and analysis of publicly available data sets resulting in an unbiased consensus transcriptional signature of human end‐stage HF. Methods and Results We curated and uniformly processed 16 public transcriptomic studies of left ventricular samples from 263 healthy and 653 failing human hearts. First, we evaluated the degree of consistency between studies by using linear classifiers and overrepresentation analysis. Then, we meta‐analyzed the deregulation of 14 041 genes to extract a consensus signature of HF. Finally, to functionally characterize this signature, we estimated the activities of 343 transcription factors, 14 signaling pathways, and 182 micro RNAs, as well as the enrichment of 5998 biological processes. Machine learning approaches revealed conserved disease patterns across all studies independent of technical differences. These consistent molecular changes were prioritized with a meta‐analysis, functionally characterized and validated on external data. We provide all results in a free public resource (https://saezlab.shinyapps.io/reheat/) and exemplified usage by deciphering fetal gene reprogramming and tracing the potential myocardial origin of the plasma proteome markers in patients with HF. Conclusions Even though technical and sampling variability confound the identification of differentially expressed genes in individual studies, we demonstrated that coordinated molecular responses during end‐stage HF are conserved. The presented resource is crucial to complement findings in independent studies and decipher fundamental changes in failing myocardium.
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- 2021
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4. PC17. OPIOID USE FOLLOWING MASTECTOMY: DOES SURGICAL INDICATION IMPACT USE
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Megan Lane, MD, Shane D. Morrison, MD MS, Gabriel O. Ramirez Rivera, BS, Hsou-Mei Hu, PhD MBA MHS, Caleb Haley, MD, Christopher Breuler, MD, and Jennifer F. Waljee, MD MS
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Surgery ,RD1-811 - Published
- 2022
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5. Universities as Agencies: Reputation and Professionalization
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Tom Christensen, Åse Gornitzka, Francisco O. Ramirez, Tom Christensen, Åse Gornitzka, Francisco O. Ramirez and Tom Christensen, Åse Gornitzka, Francisco O. Ramirez, Tom Christensen, Åse Gornitzka, Francisco O. Ramirez
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- 2018
6. Diffractive Structure Functions in the Model of the Stochastic Vacuum
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del Prado, O. Ramirez
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
We present a calculation for the diffractive structure functions $x_{\rm p} F_{\rm T}^{D(3)}$ and $x_{\rm p} F_{\rm L}^{D(3)}$ at low values of $Q^2$ using an eikonal approximation. The non-perturbative model of the stochastic QCD vacuum is used to evaluate the interactions between the quarks (antiquarks) and the color field. The diffractive final state contains only a quark-antiquark pair. We show the behavior of the diffractive structure functions against $\beta$ and $Q^2$., Comment: Talk presented at the QCD'98 Euroconference, Montpellier, July 98, to be published in the proceedings Nucl.Phys. B (Proc.Suppl.). 4 pages, LaTeX2e, 7 eps figures included, needs style file espcrc2MOD.sty (appended)
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- 1998
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7. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal distinctive patterns of fibroblast activation in murine heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
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Jan D. Lanzer, Laura M. Wienecke, Ricardo O. Ramirez-Flores, Maura M. Zylla, Niklas Hartmann, Florian Sicklinger, Jobst-Hendrick Schultz, Norbert Frey, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, and Florian Leuschner
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Inflammation, fibrosis and metabolic stress critically promote heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Exposure to high-fat diet and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N[w]-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) recapitulate features of HFpEF in mice. To identify disease specific traits during adverse remodeling, we profiled interstitial cells in early murine HFpEF using single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq). Diastolic dysfunction and perivascular fibrosis were accompanied by an activation of cardiac fibroblast and macrophage subsets. Integration of fibroblasts from HFpEF with two murine models for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) identified a catalog of conserved fibroblast phenotypes across mouse models. Moreover, HFpEF specific characteristics included induced metabolic, hypoxic and inflammatory transcription factors and pathways, including enhanced expression of Angiopoietin-like 4 next to basement membrane compounds. Fibroblast activation was further dissected into transcriptional and compositional shifts and thereby highly responsive cell states for each HF model were identified. In contrast to HFrEF, where myofibroblast and matrifibrocyte activation were crucial features, we found that these cell-states played a subsidiary role in early HFpEF. These disease-specific fibroblast signatures were corroborated in human myocardial bulk transcriptomes. Furthermore, we found an expansion of pro-inflammatory Ly6Chighmacrophages in HFpEF, and we identified a potential cross-talk between macrophages and fibroblasts via SPP1 and TNFɑ. Finally, a marker of murine HFpEF fibroblast activation, Angiopoietin-like 4, was elevated in plasma samples of HFpEF patients and associated with disease severity. Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive characterization of molecular fibroblast and macrophage activation patterns in murine HFpEF, as well as the identification of a novel biomarker for disease progression in patients.
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- 2023
8. Effects of tissue degradation by collagenase and elastase on the biaxial mechanics of porcine airways
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Crystal A. Mariano, Samaneh Sattari, Gustavo O. Ramirez, and Mona Eskandari
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Background Common respiratory illnesses, such as emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are characterized by connective tissue damage and remodeling. Two major fibers govern the mechanics of airway tissue: elastin enables stretch and permits airway recoil, while collagen prevents overextension with stiffer properties. Collagenase and elastase degradation treatments are common avenues for contrasting the role of collagen and elastin in healthy and diseased states; while previous lung studies of collagen and elastin have analyzed parenchymal strips in animal and human specimens, none have focused on the airways to date. Methods Specimens were extracted from the proximal and distal airways, namely the trachea, large bronchi, and small bronchi to facilitate evaluations of material heterogeneity, and subjected to biaxial planar loading in the circumferential and axial directions to assess airway anisotropy. Next, samples were subjected to collagenase and elastase enzymatic treatment and tensile tests were repeated. Airway tissue mechanical properties pre- and post-treatment were comprehensively characterized via measures of initial and ultimate moduli, strain transitions, maximum stress, hysteresis, energy loss, and viscoelasticity to gain insights regarding the specialized role of individual connective tissue fibers and network interactions. Results Enzymatic treatment demonstrated an increase in airway tissue compliance throughout loading and resulted in at least a 50% decrease in maximum stress overall. Strain transition values led to significant anisotropic manifestation post-treatment, where circumferential tissues transitioned at higher strains compared to axial counterparts. Hysteresis values and energy loss decreased after enzymatic treatment, where hysteresis reduced by almost half of the untreated value. Anisotropic ratios exhibited axially led stiffness at low strains which transitioned to circumferentially led stiffness when subjected to higher strains. Viscoelastic stress relaxation was found to be greater in the circumferential direction for bronchial airway regions compared to axial counterparts. Conclusion Targeted fiber treatment resulted in mechanical alterations across the loading range and interactions between elastin and collagen connective tissue networks was observed. Providing novel mechanical characterization of elastase and collagenase treated airways aids our understanding of individual and interconnected fiber roles, ultimately helping to establish a foundation for constructing constitutive models to represent various states and progressions of pulmonary disease.
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- 2023
9. Expanding the coverage of regulons from high-confidence prior knowledge for accurate estimation of transcription factor activities
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Sophia Müller-Dott, Eirini Tsirvouli, Miguel Vázquez, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Pau Badia-i-Mompel, Robin Fallegger, Astrid Lægreid, and Julio Saez-Rodriguez
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Gene regulation plays a critical role in the cellular processes that underlie human health and disease. The regulatory relationship between transcription factors (TFs), key regulators of gene expression, and their target genes, the so called TF regulons, can be coupled with computational algorithms to estimate the activity of TFs. However, to interpret these findings accurately, regulons of high reliability and coverage are needed. In this study, we present and evaluate a collection of regulons created using the CollecTRI meta-resource containing signed TF-gene interactions for 1,183 TFs. In this context, we introduce a workflow to integrate information from multiple resources and assign the sign of regulation to TF-gene interactions that could be applied to other comprehensive knowledge bases. We find that the signed CollecTRI-derived regulons outperform other public collections of regulatory interactions in accurately inferring changes in TF activities in perturbation experiments. Furthermore, we showcase the value of the regulons by investigating hallmarks of TF activity profiles inferred from the transcriptomes of three different cancer types. Overall, the CollecTRI-derived TF regulons enable the accurate and comprehensive estimation of TF activities and thereby help to interpret transcriptomics data.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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- 2023
10. Emergent room temperature polar phase in CaTiO3 nanoparticles and single crystals
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Mariola O. Ramirez, Tom T. A. Lummen, Irene Carrasco, Eftihia Barnes, Ulrich Aschauer, Dagmara Stefanska, Arnab Sen Gupta, Carmen de las Heras, Hirofumi Akamatsu, Martin Holt, Pablo Molina, Andrew Barnes, Ryan C. Haislmaier, Przemyslaw J. Deren, Carlos Prieto, Luisa E. Bausá, Nicola A. Spaldin, and Venkatraman Gopalan
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Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Polar instabilities are well known to be suppressed on scaling materials down to the nanoscale, when the electrostatic energy increase at surfaces exceeds lowering of the bulk polarization energy. Surprisingly, here we report an emergent low symmetry polar phase arising in nanoscale powders of CaTiO3, the original mineral named perovskite discovered in 1839 and considered nominally nonpolar at any finite temperature in the bulk. Using nonlinear optics and spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and microscopy studies, we discover a well-defined polar to non-polar transition at a TC = 350 K in these powders. The same polar phase is also seen as a surface layer in bulk CaTiO3 single crystals, forming striking domains with in-plane polarization orientations. Density functional theory reveals that oxygen octahedral distortions in the surface layer lead to the stabilization of the observed monoclinic polar phase. These results reveal new ways of overcoming the scaling limits to polarization in perovskites.
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- 2019
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11. Multicellular factor analysis of single-cell data for a tissue-centric understanding of disease
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Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Jan D. Lanzer, Daniel Dimitrov, Britta Velten, and Julio Saez-Rodriguez
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Single-cell atlases across conditions are essential in the characterization of human disease. In these complex experimental designs, patient samples are profiled across distinct cell-types and clinical conditions to describe disease processes at the cellular level. However, most of the current analysis tools are limited to pairwise cross-condition comparisons, disregarding the multicellular nature of disease processes and the effects of other biological and technical factors in the variation of gene expression. Here we propose a computational framework for an unsupervised analysis of samples from cross-condition single-cell atlases and for the identification of multicellular programs associated with disease. Our strategy, that repurposes multi-omics factor analysis, incorporates the variation of patient samples across cell-types and enables the joint analysis of multiple patient cohorts, facilitating integration of atlases. We applied our analysis to a collection of acute and chronic human heart failure single-cell datasets and described multicellular processes of cardiac remodeling that were conserved in independent spatial and bulk transcriptomics datasets. In sum, our framework serves as an exploratory tool for unsupervised analysis of cross-condition single-cell atlas and allows for the integration of the measurements of patient cohorts across distinct data modalities, facilitating the generation of comprehensive tissue-centric understanding of disease.Graphical Abstract
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- 2023
12. A Study of Feasibility of a Mechanism for Rib-Vertebra-Sternum Prosthesis
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O. Ramirez, M. Ceccarelli, and C. R. Torres-San-Miguel
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- 2023
13. A Predictive Shortest-Horizon Voltage Control Algorithm for Non-Minimum Phase Three-Phase Rectifiers
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Felipe A. Villarroel, Jose R. Espinoza, Marcelo A. Perez, Carlos R. Baier, Jaime A. Rohten, Roberto O. Ramirez, Esteban S. Pulido, and Jose J. Silva
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General Computer Science ,General Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Published
- 2022
14. Women’s participation and challenges to the liberal script: A global perspective
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Julia C Lerch, Evan Schofer, David John Frank, Wesley Longhofer, Francisco O Ramirez, Christine Min Wotipka, and Kristopher Velasco
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Sociology and Political Science - Abstract
Existing scholarship documents large worldwide increases in women’s participation in the public sphere over recent decades, for example, in education, politics, and the labor force. Some scholars have argued that these changes follow broader trends in world society, especially its growing liberalism, which increasingly has reconfigured social life around the choices of empowered and rights-bearing individuals, regardless of gender. Very recently, however, a variety of populisms and nationalisms have emerged to present alternatives to liberalism, including in the international arena. We explore here their implications for women’s participation in public life. We use cross-national data to analyze changes in women’s participation in higher education, the polity, and the economy 1970–2017. We find that women’s participation on average continues to expand over this period, but there is evidence of a growing cross-national divergence. In most domains, women’s participation tends to be lower in countries linked to illiberal international organizations, especially in the recent-most period.
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- 2021
15. Spatial cell type mapping of multiple sclerosis lesions
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Celia Lerma-Martin, Pau Badia-i-Mompel, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Patricia Sekol, Annika Hofmann, Thomas Thäwel, Christian J. Riedl, Florian Wünnemann, Miguel A. Ibarra-Arellano, Tim Trobisch, Philipp Eisele, Denis Schapiro, Maximilian Haeussler, Simon Hametner, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, and Lucas Schirmer
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prototypic chronic-inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. After initial lesion formation during active demyelination, inflammation is gradually compartmentalized and restricted to specific tissue areas such as the lesion rim in chronic-active lesions. However, the cell type-specific and spatially restricted drivers of chronic tissue damage and lesion expansion are not well understood. Here, we investigated the properties of subcortical white matter lesions by creating a cell type-specific spatial map of gene expression across various inflammatory lesion stages in MS. An integrated analysis of single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics data enabled us to uncover patterns of glial, immune and stromal cell subtype diversity, as well as to identify cell-cell communication and signaling signatures across lesion and non-lesion tissue areas in MS. Our results provide insights into the conversion of the tissue microenvironment from a ‘homeostatic’ to a pathogenic or ‘dysfunctional’ state underlying lesion progression in MS. We expect that this study will help identify spatially resolved cell type-specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future interventional trials in MS.
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- 2022
16. The status and agency of children in school textbooks, 1970–2012: a cross-national analysis
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Francisco O. Ramirez, Lisa Yiu, Christine Min Wotipka, and Joseph Svec
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Core (game theory) ,Argument ,Political science ,Agency (sociology) ,Public administration ,Education ,Cross national - Abstract
Via a cross-national and longitudinal analysis, this study seeks to understand whether and to what extent school textbooks portray children as entities with status and agency. Our core argument is ...
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- 2021
17. Processed Data 2 : Spatial multi-omic map of human myocardial infarction
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Kuppe, Christoph, Flores, Ricardo O. Ramirez, Zhijian Li, Sikander Hayat, Levinson, Rebecca T., Liao, Xian, Hannani, Monica T., Tanevski, Jovan, Wünnemann, Florian, Nagai, James S., Halder, Maurice, Schumacher, David, Menzel, Sylvia, Schäfer, Gideon, Hoeft, Konrad, Mingbo Cheng, Ziegler, Susanne, Xiaoting Zhang, Peisker, Fabian, Kaesler, Nadine, Saritas, Turgay, Yaoxian Xu, Kassner, Astrid, Gummert, Jan, Morshuis, Michiel, Junedh Amrute, Veltrop, Rogier J. A., Boor, Peter, Klingel, Karin, Van Laake, Linda W., Vink, Aryan, Hoogenboezem, Remco M., Bindels, Eric M.J., Schurgers, Leon, Sattler, Susanne, Schapiro, Denis, Schneider, Rebekka K., Lavine, Kory, Milting, Hendrik, Costa, Ivan G., Saez-Rodriguez, Julio, and Kramann, Rafael
- Abstract
We provide here the sub-clustering results for each major cell type forthe manuscript: Kuppe, Ramirez Flores, Li et al. "Spatial multi-omic map of human myocardial infarction", 2022. The cells from snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq were first integrated and then sub-clustering was performed based on the integrated data. We tried our best to annotated the obtained sub-clusters.
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- 2022
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18. Review: Milk Small Extracellular Vesicles for Use in the Delivery of Therapeutics
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Javaria Munir, Alice Ngu, Haichuan Wang, Denise M. O. Ramirez, and Janos Zempleni
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Pharmacology ,Organic Chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Molecular Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs, "exosomes") in milk have attracted considerable attention for use in delivering therapeutics to diseased tissues because of the following qualities. The production of milk sEVs is scalable, e.g., more than 10
- Published
- 2022
19. Extracellular Vesicles derived from Apis mellifera Royal Jelly promote wound healing by modulating inflammation and cellular responses
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S. Alvarez, P. Contreras-Kallens, S. Aguayo, O. Ramirez, C. Vallejos, J. Ruiz, E. Carrasco-Gallardo, S. Troncoso-Vera, B. Morales, and C.M.A.P. Schuh
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Apis mellifera Royal Jelly (RJ) is a well-known remedy in traditional medicine around the world and its versatile effects range from antibacterial to anti-inflammatory properties and pro-regenerative properties. Several active compounds have been identified, however, the mechanisms of action still remain widely unknown. As a glandular product, RJ has been shown to contain a substantial number of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and in this study, we aimed to investigate the extent of involvement of RJEVs in wound healing associated effects. Molecular analysis of RJEVs verified the presence of important conserved exosomal markers such as CD63 and syntenin, as well as cargo molecules MRJP1, defensin-1 and jellein-3. RJEV internalization analysis demonstrated the involvement of membrane fusion as well as macropinocytosis or clathrin-dependent endocytosis into mammalian cells. Furthermore, RJEVs have demonstrated to modulate MSCs differentiation and secretome, as well as decrease LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages by blocking the MAPK pathway. In vivo studies confirmed anti-bacterial effects of RJEVs, and demonstrated an acceleration of wound healing in a splinted mouse model. Summarizing, this study suggests that RJEVs of potentially exosomal origin play a crucial role in the known effects of RJ by modulating the inflammatory phase and cellular response in wound healing.
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- 2022
20. Stable Shortest Horizon FCS-MPC Output Voltage Control in Non-Minimum Phase Boost-Type Converters Based on Input-State Linearization
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Roberto O. Ramirez, Jose Manuel Silva, Carlos R. Baier, Jose Espinoza, Felipe Villarroel, Mauricio A. Reyes, Daniel Sbarbaro, and M. Perez
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Model predictive control ,Control theory ,Computer science ,Linearization ,Horizon ,Boost converter ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Converters ,Nonlinear control ,Power (physics) - Abstract
Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) is an alternative to conventional linear controllers in power converters due to its attractive properties such as its conceptual simplicity, flexibility, direct consideration of non linearities as well as constraints, and fast control response. This last feature imposes computational constraints and short prediction horizons are therefore needed. In fact, in many applications an horizon one FCS-MPC controller is used. However, using FCS-MPC with a short prediction horizon in topologies that exhibit non-minimum phase behavior such as active-front-end rectifiers, dc-dc boost converters, and Z-source converters, among others, may lead to control issues. This work studies the origin of these control issues using nonlinear control theory considering a dc-dc boost converter as a case study. It is shown that the difficulty to directly control the converter output voltage using short horizon FCS-MPC is the resulting unstable internal dynamic, as the short horizon FCS-MPC controller acts like an input-output linearizing controller. To solve the problem of the unstable internal dynamic, a short horizon FCS-MPC controller based on input-state linearization is proposed allowing correct operation of the system. Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposal.
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- 2021
21. NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF A RIB IMPLANT USING AN ARTIFICIAL RIB
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O. RAMIREZ, C. R. TORRES-SANMIGUEL, M. CECCARELLI, and G. M. URRIOLAGOITIA-CALDERÓN
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Biomedical Engineering - Abstract
This paper presents a numerical and experimental evaluation of a new osteosynthesis rib implant. The reported cases are studied using the Finite Element Method (FEM) to compute the implant’s surface strain. The implant was placed to a human morphological rib manufactured in polylactic acid (PLA) by 3D printing. Experimental studies are carried out with a strain gage stuck on the implant’s surface and tested by using a testing machine called Testing Machine for Artificial Rib Impact (TEMARI). The machine was used to emulate the compression force that performs in the chest during deep breathing on humans. The results from numerical analysis and the experimental test show a variation of 4.9% in the compression displacement of the rib, 6.1% in the strain of the left surface of the rib, 1.6% for the strain of the right surface of the rib, and finally 3.1% for the strain in the middle surface of the implant.
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- 2022
22. Raw Data - Part 3 : Spatial multi-omic map of human myocardial infarction
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Kuppe, Christoph, Flores, Ricardo O. Ramirez, Zhijian Li, Sikander Hayat, Levinson, Rebecca T., Liao, Xian, Hannani, Monica T., Tanevski, Jovan, Wünnemann, Florian, Nagai, James S., Halder, Maurice, Schumacher, David, Menzel, Sylvia, Schäfer, Gideon, Hoeft, Konrad, Mingbo Cheng, Ziegler, Susanne, Xiaoting Zhang, Peisker, Fabian, Kaesler, Nadine, Saritas, Turgay, Yaoxian Xu, Kassner, Astrid, Gummert, Jan, Morshuis, Michiel, Junedh Amrute, Veltrop, Rogier J. A., Boor, Peter, Klingel, Karin, Van Laake, Linda W., Vink, Aryan, Hoogenboezem, Remco M., Bindels, Eric M.J., Schurgers, Leon, Sattler, Susanne, Schapiro, Denis, Schneider, Rebekka K., Lavine, Kory, Milting, Hendrik, Costa, Ivan G., Saez-Rodriguez, Julio, and Kramann, Rafael
- Abstract
We provide here the raw data of visium forthe manuscript: Kuppe, Ramirez Flores, Li et al. "Spatial multi-omic map of human myocardial infarction", 2022
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- 2022
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23. Condiciones de trabajo relacionados con desórdenes musculoesqueléticos de la extremidad superior en residentes de odontología, Universidad El Bosque Bogotá, D.C. (Colombia)
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Ana María Gutiérrez Strauss, Maria Nelcy Rodríguez Gutierrez, Luis O. Ramirez, Edith Mireya Mora, Kellys Cristina Sánchez, and Lorena G. Trujillo
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ergonomía ,odontología ,extremidad superior ,sistema musculo esquelético ,enfermedades esqueléticas ,Medicine ,Nursing ,RT1-120 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Objetivo: Examinar y describir las condiciones de trabajo dadas por la utilización prolongada de equipos e instrumental odontológico en estudiantes de postgrado y en docentes de cada especialidad. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en estudiantes de posgrado y docentes de cada especialidad de la Facultad de Odontología. Se tomó el total de estudiantes matriculados en las siete especializaciones del programa de Odontología. La población estuvo conformada por 47 estudiantes y 22 docentes. Se adaptaron y aplicaron las guías del programa del Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica para Desórdenes Musculoesqueléticos de la Extremidad Superior (DME-ES), la Guía de Priorización y la Guía Epidemiológica, Guía DEPARIS, Guía PME. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa STATA v9. Resultados: En los estudiantes se observó la mayor sintomatología en cuello (62%) y hombros (47%). La especialidad de endodoncia es la que más presentó sintomatología en la extremidad superior, y la zona anatómica más destacada la mano (83.3 %). Las mujeres presentan mayor sintomatología en cuello (74.1 %), mientras que los hombres presenta mayor molestia en el resto de las zonas anatómicas de la extremidad superior, destacándose el hombro (62,5 %). Conclusión: Se adaptaron los instrumentos específicos y permitió conocer los riesgos de desórdenes musculoesquelético de la extremidad superior (DME-ES) en la actividad laboral odontológica y realizar un material educativo para la promoción de la salud y prevención en riesgos profesionales en odontólogos.
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- 2014
24. 3D Printing Technologies in Personalized Medicine, Nanomedicines, and Biopharmaceuticals
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Dolores R. Serrano, Aytug Kara, Iván Yuste, Francis C. Luciano, Baris Ongoren, Brayan J. Anaya, Gracia Molina, Laura Diez, Bianca I. Ramirez, Irving O. Ramirez, Sergio A. Sánchez-Guirales, Raquel Fernández-García, Liliana Bautista, Helga K. Ruiz, and Aikaterini Lalatsa
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Pharmaceutical Science - Abstract
3D printing technologies enable medicine customization adapted to patients’ needs. There are several 3D printing techniques available, but majority of dosage forms and medical devices are printed using nozzle-based extrusion, laser-writing systems, and powder binder jetting. 3D printing has been demonstrated for a broad range of applications in development and targeting solid, semi-solid, and locally applied or implanted medicines. 3D-printed solid dosage forms allow the combination of one or more drugs within the same solid dosage form to improve patient compliance, facilitate deglutition, tailor the release profile, or fabricate new medicines for which no dosage form is available. Sustained-release 3D-printed implants, stents, and medical devices have been used mainly for joint replacement therapies, medical prostheses, and cardiovascular applications. Locally applied medicines, such as wound dressing, microneedles, and medicated contact lenses, have also been manufactured using 3D printing techniques. The challenge is to select the 3D printing technique most suitable for each application and the type of pharmaceutical ink that should be developed that possesses the required physicochemical and biological performance. The integration of biopharmaceuticals and nanotechnology-based drugs along with 3D printing (“nanoprinting”) brings printed personalized nanomedicines within the most innovative perspectives for the coming years. Continuous manufacturing through the use of 3D-printed microfluidic chips facilitates their translation into clinical practice.
- Published
- 2023
25. Legitimacy, stratification, and internationalization in global higher education: the case of the International Association of Universities
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Francisco O. Ramirez, Mike Zapp, Jens Jungblut, and Education, Culture, Cognition & Society (ECCS) > Institute of Education & Society (InES) [research center]
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Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Higher education ,business.industry ,Field (Bourdieu) ,education ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Education ,Test (assessment) ,Sociologie & sciences sociales [H10] [Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie] ,Internationalization ,Alliance ,Sociology & social sciences [H10] [Social & behavioral sciences, psychology] ,Legitimation ,Political science ,Political economy ,0502 economics and business ,business ,0503 education ,Imprinting (organizational theory) ,health care economics and organizations ,050203 business & management ,Legitimacy - Abstract
The International Association of Universities (IAU) is the only inclusive global university association, its membership barriers are low, yet few universities are members despite considerable benefits. What determines membership in this long-standing international university alliance? Reviewing recent trends toward a more networked, stratified and internationalized global higher education field, we argue that universities with a greater need for legitimation and those ‘born’ into a global era are more likely to become members of an inclusive international network like the IAU. Thus, we expect lower status and younger universities to be more likely to join. We apply regression models to test hypotheses implied by these arguments. Our findings are consistent with these hypotheses, even after controlling for other factors. We discuss these findings using neo-institutional arguments about legitimacy and imprinted logics and suggest potential analytical avenues for further research.
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- 2020
26. Augmentation in the repair of traumatic patellar tendon ruptures. A novel mechanical and biological construct: Technical note
- Author
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German A. Jaramillo Quiceno, Paula A. Sarmiento Riveros, Ruben D. Arias Perez, Maria P. Soto Gomez, and Antonio O. Ramirez
- Subjects
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery - Abstract
Patellar tendon ruptures are infrequent and potentially disabling injuries. These injuries are usually repaired with transosseous suture tunnels. However, this technique can produce a significant gap formation and prolonged postoperative immobilization. Although several techniques have been described to improve the integrity of the repair, the surgical technique of choice is a matter of debate especially when there is tissue loss due to high-energy trauma. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with acute patellar tendon ruptures due to high-energy trauma treated with a novel construct configuration that includes a suture anchor and a figure-of-eight augmentation with hamstring autograft with medial and lateral reinforcement. To determine the clinical outcomes the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score was obtained pre-surgery and at 12 months of follow-up. A total of six patients were recruited, with a median age of 27.5 years, five of these were male. Three lesions were in the proximal pole of the tendon, two mid-substance and one was in the junction with tibial tuberosity. The IKDC clinical score significantly increased from pre-surgery to the 12-month follow-up with a median difference of 32.8 (95% CI, 19.5-42.6, p=0.0313). Likewise, the patients presented a post-surgery quadriceps strength level with a median of 5/5. All patients had full active knee extension with a median of 0-120 degrees. There was no statistical difference in the range of motion comparing the surgical knee to the contralateral knee (p=0.6883). No patient presented any type of reintervention or complication during the follow-up period. The configuration of the construct presented in the technique had not been reported before in the literature and combines the advantages of the use of suture anchors and biological augmentation with lateral and medial reinforcement. This technique may be useful in patients with traumatic injuries with and without loss of tissue. Although it is a small series with concomitant injuries, satisfactory clinical results were presented during follow-up.
- Published
- 2022
27. The spatial transcriptomic landscape of the healing mouse intestine following damage
- Author
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Sara M. Parigi, Ludvig Larsson, Srustidhar Das, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Annika Frede, Kumar P. Tripathi, Oscar E. Diaz, Katja Selin, Rodrigo A. Morales, Xinxin Luo, Gustavo Monasterio, Camilla Engblom, Nicola Gagliani, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Joakim Lundeberg, and Eduardo J. Villablanca
- Subjects
Wound Healing ,Multidisciplinary ,Colon ,Science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Epithelial Cells ,General Chemistry ,digestive system diseases ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Intestines ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,Mice ,Mice, Neurologic Mutants ,Animals ,Female ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Transcriptome ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
The intestinal barrier is composed of a complex cell network defining highly compartmentalized and specialized structures. Here, we use spatial transcriptomics to define how the transcriptomic landscape is spatially organized in the steady state and healing murine colon. At steady state conditions, we demonstrate a previously unappreciated molecular regionalization of the colon, which dramatically changes during mucosal healing. Here, we identified spatially-organized transcriptional programs defining compartmentalized mucosal healing, and regions with dominant wired pathways. Furthermore, we showed that decreased p53 activation defined areas with increased presence of proliferating epithelial stem cells. Finally, we mapped transcriptomics modules associated with human diseases demonstrating the translational potential of our dataset. Overall, we provide a publicly available resource defining principles of transcriptomic regionalization of the colon during mucosal healing and a framework to develop and progress further hypotheses.
- Published
- 2022
28. The Societal Consequences of Higher Education
- Author
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Francisco O. Ramirez, Evan Schofer, and John W. Meyer
- Subjects
Economic growth ,050402 sociology ,Sociology and Political Science ,Higher education ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Social change ,050301 education ,Education ,Globalization ,0504 sociology ,Political science ,Comparative education ,business ,0503 education - Abstract
The advent of mass schooling played a pivotal role in European societies of the later nineteenth century, transforming rural peasants into national citizens. The late-twentieth-century global expansion of higher education ushered in new transformations, propelling societal rationalization and organizing, and knitting the world into a more integrated society and economy. We address four key dynamics: (1) Higher education sustains the modern professions and contributes to the rationalization of society and state. (2) The supranational and universalistic orientation of higher education provides elites with shared global cultural frames and identities, facilitating globalization. (3) Consequently, tertiary education provides a foundation for major global movements and sociopolitical change around diverse issues, such as human rights and environmental protection as well as potentially contentious religious and cultural solidarities. (4) Higher education contributes to the reorganization of the economy, creating new monetarized activities and facilitating the reconceptualization of activities distant from material production as economic. In short, many features of the contemporary world arise from the growing legions of people steeped in common forms of higher education. Panel regression models of contemporary cross-national longitudinal data examine these relationships. We find higher-education enrollments are associated with key dimensions of rationalization, globalization, societal mobilization, and expansion of the service economy. Central features of modern society, often seen as natural, in fact hinge on the distinctive form of higher education that has become institutionalized worldwide.
- Published
- 2020
29. Reputation management by Chinese universities: Primary profile and comparative features
- Author
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S. Gabriela Gavrila, Tom Christensen, Francisco O. Ramirez, and Liang Ma
- Subjects
Primary (chemistry) ,Public Administration ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Political science ,Public relations ,business ,China ,Reputation management - Abstract
In this study, we analyse data from 176 Chinese universities to examine the use of reputation symbols on official websites. We find that Chinese universities prefer professional and performative symbols more than moral symbols. Reputation symbols are mainly observed in teaching, research, history and strategy categories, whereas their use in internal operations and the external environment is limited. A comparison with samples from the United States and Nordic countries indicates that their universities differ in the use of reputation symbols, with relatively high emphasis on professional and moral symbols, respectively. This difference can be attributed to divergent national cultures, higher education regimes and globalization. Here, we discuss the implications of our findings on reputation management by universities in a globalized world.
- Published
- 2020
30. A Hybrid FCS-MPC With Low and Fixed Switching Frequency Without Steady-State Error Applied to a Grid-Connected CHB Inverter
- Author
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Roberto O. Ramirez, Carlos R. Baier, Felipe Villarroel, Jose R. Espinoza, Josep Pou, and Jose Rodriguez
- Subjects
FCS-MPC ,Steady state (electronics) ,General Computer Science ,Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Harmonic analysis ,Harmonic spectrum ,Control theory ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,PWM ,General Materials Science ,grid connected inverters ,steady-state error ,Steady state ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,General Engineering ,Resonance ,High voltage ,Spread spectrum ,Model predictive control ,spread spectrum ,Inverter ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,Transient (oscillation) ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,predictive control ,Pulse-width modulation - Abstract
This paper presents a new finite control set model predictive control strategy that, contrary to conventional approaches, achieves (i) zero steady-state error in the converter's AC current, and (ii) both fixed and lower harmonic spectrum, similar to that achieved by pulse width modulation based control schemes. These characteristics are attractive for medium and high voltage applications where high dv/dt is prohibitive and reduced switching losses are a must, or in applications that use passive filters and where a spread harmonic spectrum can cause resonances. The proposed strategy achieves dynamic results similar to those of conventional predictive control and a steady-state performance similar to that of a modulated control strategy. To do so, the strategy utilizes a modulated integral action to incorporate an input restriction into a conventional predictive control cost function. A grid-connected cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter is used to validate the strategy. Simulated and experimental results in both steady and transient states are presented to verify the proposed strategy's performance in the converter.
- Published
- 2020
31. B cell expansion hinders the stroma-epithelium regenerative cross talk during mucosal healing
- Author
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Annika Frede, Paulo Czarnewski, Gustavo Monasterio, Kumar P. Tripathi, David A. Bejarano, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Chiara Sorini, Ludvig Larsson, Xinxin Luo, Laura Geerlings, Claudio Novella-Rausell, Chiara Zagami, Raoul Kuiper, Rodrigo A. Morales, Francisca Castillo, Matthew Hunt, Livia Lacerda Mariano, Yue O.O. Hu, Camilla Engblom, Ana-Maria Lennon-Duménil, Romy Mittenzwei, Astrid M. Westendorf, Nadine Hövelmeyer, Joakim Lundeberg, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Andreas Schlitzer, Srustidhar Das, and Eduardo J. Villablanca
- Subjects
Wound Healing ,Disease Models, Animal ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunology ,Medizin ,Immunology and Allergy ,Animals ,Epithelial Cells ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Colitis ,Epithelium - Abstract
Therapeutic promotion of intestinal regeneration holds great promise, but defining the cellular mechanisms that influence tissue regeneration remains an unmet challenge. To gain insight into the process of mucosal healing, we longitudinally examined the immune cell composition during intestinal damage and regeneration. B cells were the dominant cell type in the healing colon, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed expansion of an IFN-induced B cell subset during experimental mucosal healing that predominantly located in damaged areas and associated with colitis severity. B cell depletion accelerated recovery upon injury, decreased epithelial ulceration, and enhanced gene expression programs associated with tissue remodeling. scRNA-seq from the epithelial and stromal compartments combined with spatial transcriptomics and multiplex immunostaining showed that B cells decreased interactions between stromal and epithelial cells during mucosal healing. Activated B cells disrupted the epithelial-stromal cross talk required for organoid survival. Thus, B cell expansion during injury impairs epithelial-stromal cell interactions required for mucosal healing, with implications for the treatment of IBD.
- Published
- 2021
32. Drug Stability: ICH versus Accelerated Predictive Stability Studies
- Author
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Olga González-González, Irving O. Ramirez, Bianca I. Ramirez, Peter O’Connell, Maria Paloma Ballesteros, Juan José Torrado, and Dolores R. Serrano
- Subjects
Pharmaceutical Science - Abstract
The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), along with the World Health Organization (WHO), has provided a set of guidelines (ICH Q1A-E, Q3A-B, Q5C, Q6A-B) intended to unify the standards for the European Union, Japan, and the United States to facilitate the mutual acceptance of stability data that are sufficient for registration by the regulatory authorities in these jurisdictions. Overall, ICH stability studies involve a drug substance tested under storage conditions and assess its thermal stability and sensitivity to moisture. The long-term testing should be performed over a minimum of 12 months at 25 °C ± 2 °C/60% RH ± 5% RH or at 30 °C ± 2 °C/65% RH ± 5% RH. The intermediate and accelerated testing should cover a minimum of 6 months at 30 °C ± 2 °C/65% RH ± 5% RH (which is not necessary if this condition was utilized as a long-term one) and 40 °C ± 2 °C/75% RH ± 5% RH, respectively. Hence, the ICH stability testing for industrially fabricated medicines is rigorous and tedious and involves a long period of time to obtain preclinical stability data. For this reason, Accelerated Predictive Stability (APS) studies, carried out over a 3–4-week period and combining extreme temperatures and RH conditions (40–90 °C)/10–90% RH, have emerged as novel approaches to predict the long-term stability of pharmaceutical products in a more efficient and less time-consuming manner. In this work, the conventional ICH stability studies versus the APS approach will be reviewed, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of both strategies. Furthermore, a comparison of the stability requirements for the commercialization of industrially fabricated medicines versus extemporaneous compounding formulations will be discussed.
- Published
- 2022
33. Explainable multi-view framework for dissecting intercellular signaling from highly multiplexed spatial data
- Author
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Attila Gábor, Jovan Tanevski, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, and Denis Schapiro
- Subjects
Omics data ,Spatial contextual awareness ,Computer science ,Scalability ,Leverage (statistics) ,Data mining ,computer.software_genre ,Spatial analysis ,computer ,Multiplexing - Abstract
The advancement of technologies to measure highly multiplexed spatial data requires the development of scalable methods that can leverage the spatial information. We present MISTy, a flexible, scalable and explainable machine learning framework for extracting interactions from any spatial omics data. MISTy builds multiple views focusing on different spatial or functional contexts to dissect different effects, such as those from direct neighbours versus those from distant cells. MISTy can be applied to different spatially resolved omics data with dozens to thousands of markers, without the need to perform cell-type annotation. We evaluate the performance of MISTy on an in silico dataset and demonstrate its applicability on three breast cancer datasets, two measured by imaging mass cytometry and one by Visium spatial transcriptomics. We show how we can estimate interactions coming from different spatial contexts that we can relate to tumor progression and clinical features. Our analysis also reveals that the estimated interactions in triple negative breast cancer are associated with clinical outcomes which could improve patient stratification. Finally, we demonstrate the flexibility of MISTy to integrate different kinds of views by modeling activities of pathways estimated from gene expression in a spatial context to analyse intercellular signaling.
- Published
- 2021
34. Autoantigen microarrays reveal myelin basic protein autoantibodies in morphea
- Author
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Jane L. Zhu, Ricardo T. Paniagua, Henry W. Chen, Stephanie Florez-Pollack, Elaine Kunzler, Noelle Teske, Yevgeniya Byekova Rainwater, Quan-Zhen Li, Gregory A. Hosler, Wenhao Li, Denise M. O. Ramirez, Nancy L. Monson, and Heidi T. Jacobe
- Subjects
Multiple Sclerosis ,Research ,General Medicine ,Autoantigens ,Morphea ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Mice ,Scleroderma, Localized ,Myelin basic protein ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Antibody ,Autoantibodies - Abstract
Background Morphea is an autoimmune, sclerosing skin disorder. Despite the recent emphasis on immune dysregulation in morphea, the role of autoantibodies in morphea pathogenesis or utility as biomarkers are poorly defined. Methods Autoantigen microarray was used to profile autoantibodies from the serum of participants from the Morphea in Adults and Children (MAC) cohort. Clinical and demographic features of morphea patients with myelin basic protein (MBP) autoantibodies were compared to those without. MBP immunohistochemistry staining was subsequently performed in morphea skin to assess for perineural inflammation in areas of staining. Immunofluorescence staining on mouse brain tissue was also performed using patient sera and mouse anti-myelin basic protein antibody to confirm the presence of MBP antibodies in patient sera. Results Myelin basic protein autoantibodies were found in greater frequency in morphea (n = 50, 71.4%) compared to systemic sclerosis (n = 2, 6.7%) and healthy controls (n = 7, 20%). Patients with MBP antibodies reported pain at higher frequencies. Morphea skin biopsies, highlighted by immunohistochemistry, demonstrated increased perineural inflammation in areas of MBP expression. Immunofluorescence staining revealed an increased fluorescence signal in myelinated areas of mouse brain tissue (i.e. axons) when incubated with sera from MBP antibody-positive morphea patients compared to sera from MBP antibody-negative morphea patients. Epitope mapping revealed target epitopes for MBP autoantibodies in morphea are distinct from those reported in MS, and included fragments 11–30, 41–60, 51–70, and 91–110. Conclusions A molecular classification of morphea based on distinct autoantibody biosignatures may be used to differentially classify morphea. We have identified anti-MBP as a potential antibody associated with morphea due to its increased expression in morphea compared to healthy controls and systemic sclerosis patients.
- Published
- 2021
35. A Cross-National Analysis of Women Graduates with Tertiary Degrees in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math, 1998–2018
- Author
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Francisco O. Ramirez, Christine Min Wotipka, and Seungah S. Lee
- Subjects
Medical education ,Middle East ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Psychological intervention ,North africa ,Tertiary level ,Function (engineering) ,Graduation ,Cross national ,media_common - Abstract
This chapter explores cross-national trends in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) degree graduates at the tertiary level from 1998 to 2018 for 143 countries. It focuses on graduation patterns for all tertiary levels precisely because it is a more rigorous measure of the degree to which STEM has opened or failed to open to women. Growth in women’s share of STEM degrees is not mainly a function of increased interest and demand for STEM degrees on the part of women. The association between STEM and male appropriateness may vary across regions, and that may account for why the Middle East and North Africa region (traditional in some respects) may nevertheless be more open to women in STEM. Early policy interventions to boost confidence and interest in students and exposing students to real-life experiences and applications in STEM fields, as well as role models in and outside the classroom, can help attract more young people to STEM fields.
- Published
- 2021
36. Cell-cell Communication Inference from Single-cell RNA-Seq Data: a Comparison of Methods and Resources
- Author
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Aurelien Dugourd, Ivan G. Costa, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, James Shiniti Nagai, Bence Szalai, Alberto Valdeolivas, Daniel Dimitrov, Julio Saez Rodriguez, Charlotte Boys, Dénes Türei, and Hyojin Kim
- Subjects
Cell signaling ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Text mining ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Cell ,medicine ,Inference ,RNA-Seq ,Computational biology ,business - Abstract
The growing availability of single-cell data has sparked an increased interest in the inference of cell-cell communication from this data. Many tools have been developed for this purpose. Each of them consists of a resource of intercellular interactions prior knowledge and a method to predict potential cell-cell communication events. Yet the impact of the choice of resource and method on the resulting predictions is largely unknown. To shed light on this, we created a framework, available at https://github.com/saezlab/liana/tree/biorxiv-clean, to facilitate a comparative assessment of methods for inferring cell-cell communication from single cell transcriptomics data and then compared 15 resources and 6 methods. We found few unique interactions and a varying degree of overlap among the resources, and observed uneven coverage in terms of pathways and biological categories. We analysed a colorectal cancer single cell RNA-Seq dataset using all possible combinations of methods and resources. We found major differences among the highest ranked intercellular interactions inferred by each method even when using the same resources. The varying predictions lead to fundamentally different biological interpretations, highlighting the need to benchmark resources and methods.
- Published
- 2021
37. Design of a compliant mechanism for a sternum prosthesis using the pseudo-rigid-body model
- Author
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O Ramirez, R Hernández Cerero, A Y Prieto Vazquez, and C R Torres San Miguel
- Subjects
History ,Computer Science Applications ,Education - Abstract
When a sternum prosthesis is implemented, it must allow the movement of the rib cage. The sternum prosthesis designs that have been developed are completely rigid, this aspect can present discomfort when breathing, as well as fixation problems between the prosthesis and the bone tissue. The aim of this work is to develop a flexible device that allows the movement of the rib cage during breathing. Compliant mechanism design was developed by using the pseudo-rigid body model (PRBM) starting from a 4-bar rigid mechanism. The flexible model was obtained by developing the methodology of replacement from rigid to flexible body. The results show the obtained parameters of the compliant mechanism and the three-dimensional model for subsequent numerical and experimental analysis.
- Published
- 2022
38. Comparison of Resources and Methods to infer Cell-Cell Communication from Single-cell RNA Data
- Author
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Ivan G. Costa, Aurelien Dugourd, Alberto Valdeolivas, Hyojin Kim, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Bence Szalai, James Shiniti Nagai, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Dénes Türei, Daniel Dimitrov, and Charlotte Boys
- Subjects
Resource (project management) ,Computer science ,Single cell transcriptomics ,Benchmark (computing) ,Inference ,Data mining ,computer.software_genre ,computer - Abstract
The growing availability of single-cell data has sparked an increased interest in the inference of cell-cell communication from this data. Many tools have been developed for this purpose. Each of them consists of a resource of intercellular interactions prior knowledge and a method to predict potential cell-cell communication events. Yet the impact of the choice of resource and method on the resulting predictions is largely unknown. To shed light on this, we created a framework, available at https://github.com/saezlab/ligrec_decoupler, to facilitate a comparative assessment of methods for inferring cell-cell communication from single cell transcriptomics data and then compared 15 resources and 6 methods. We found few unique interactions and a varying degree of overlap among the resources, and observed uneven coverage in terms of pathways and biological categories. We analysed a colorectal cancer single cell RNA-Seq dataset using all possible combinations of methods and resources. We found major differences among the highest ranked intercellular interactions inferred by each method even when using the same resources. The varying predictions lead to fundamentally different biological interpretations, highlighting the need to benchmark resources and methods.FindingsBuilt a framework to systematically combine 15 resources and 6 methods to estimate cell-cell communication from single-cell RNA dataCell-cell communication resources are often built from the same original databases and very few interactions are unique to a single resource. Yet overlap varies among resources and certain biological terms are unevenly representedDifferent methods and resources provided notably different resultsThe observed disagreement among the methods could have a considerable impact on the interpretation of results
- Published
- 2021
39. Consensus Transcriptional Landscape of Human End‐Stage Heart Failure
- Author
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Christian H. Holland, Florian Leuschner, Jan D. Lanzer, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Rebecca T. Levinson, Jobst-Hendrik Schultz, and Patrick Most
- Subjects
Consensus ,Computational biology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,knowledge banks ,transcriptomics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Text mining ,Humans ,Medicine ,030304 developmental biology ,Heart Failure ,0303 health sciences ,Ventricular Remodeling ,Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis ,business.industry ,Inflammatory Heart Disease ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Myocardium ,Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease ,Human heart ,medicine.disease ,Remodeling ,machine learning ,meta‐analysis ,Heart failure ,End stage heart failure ,consensus signature ,Transcriptome ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Signal Transduction ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Background Transcriptomic studies have contributed to fundamental knowledge of myocardial remodeling in human heart failure (HF). However, the key HF genes reported are often inconsistent between studies, and systematic efforts to integrate evidence from multiple patient cohorts are lacking. Here, we aimed to provide a framework for comprehensive comparison and analysis of publicly available data sets resulting in an unbiased consensus transcriptional signature of human end‐stage HF. Methods and Results We curated and uniformly processed 16 public transcriptomic studies of left ventricular samples from 263 healthy and 653 failing human hearts. First, we evaluated the degree of consistency between studies by using linear classifiers and overrepresentation analysis. Then, we meta‐analyzed the deregulation of 14 041 genes to extract a consensus signature of HF. Finally, to functionally characterize this signature, we estimated the activities of 343 transcription factors, 14 signaling pathways, and 182 micro RNAs, as well as the enrichment of 5998 biological processes. Machine learning approaches revealed conserved disease patterns across all studies independent of technical differences. These consistent molecular changes were prioritized with a meta‐analysis, functionally characterized and validated on external data. We provide all results in a free public resource ( https://saezlab.shinyapps.io/reheat/ ) and exemplified usage by deciphering fetal gene reprogramming and tracing the potential myocardial origin of the plasma proteome markers in patients with HF. Conclusions Even though technical and sampling variability confound the identification of differentially expressed genes in individual studies, we demonstrated that coordinated molecular responses during end‐stage HF are conserved. The presented resource is crucial to complement findings in independent studies and decipher fundamental changes in failing myocardium.
- Published
- 2021
40. Tomato transplant growth and leaf nutrient uptake using different nutrient solutions in the tropics
- Author
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C. A. Meza-Figueroa and H. O. Ramirez-Guerrero
- Subjects
Horticulture ,Peat ,Human fertilization ,Nutrient ,chemistry ,Potassium ,Phosphorus ,Shoot ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Tropics ,Coir ,Biology - Abstract
The use of a proper nutrient solution is a key factor in achieving production of vigorous transplants and subsequently obtaining profitable yields. It is true indeed when the grower says: “a good transplant is 50% of the production”. However, management of vegetable transplants' nutrition in Venezuela and in most tropical countries is seldom practiced, or it is carried out empirically, without any planning. The influence of different nutrient solutions on the growth of tomato transplants and leaf nutrient uptake was investigated in an experiment performed at a commercial nursery farm located in Quibor, Lara state, Venezuela. The treatments were: (1) tap water alone (TW); (2) conventional grower nutrient solution (C); (3) wye nutrient solution (W); and (4) W+TW (dW; concentration of 50%), using individual 200-plastic transplant trays filled with a combination of peat and coir (60 and 40%, respectively). It was found that all the transplant growth parameters evaluated (height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and shoot and root dry weights were significantly higher in W and dW solutions than in the C and control (TW) solutions. Similar responses were observed regarding leaf nutrient uptake. Plant tissues accumulated more nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium when W and dW were used. The lack of observed differences between C and TW could be associated to some nutrients supplied mainly from peat. Results from the study suggest that introducing new and balanced nutrient solutions is a crucial horticultural practice for the production of vegetable transplants. Besides, further research on integrated and planned transplant fertilization using other nutrient solutions (organic and mineral) and alternative substrates are recommended.
- Published
- 2019
41. Beyond internationalisation and isomorphism – the construction of a global higher education regime
- Author
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Francisco O. Ramirez and Mike Zapp
- Subjects
Higher education ,business.industry ,Educational quality ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Education ,Sociologie & sciences sociales [H10] [Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie] ,Internationalization ,International education ,Trend analysis ,isomorphism ,Sociology & social sciences [H10] [Social & behavioral sciences, psychology] ,050903 gender studies ,higher education ,Political science ,internationalisation ,Geographic regions ,sense organs ,Economic geography ,0509 other social sciences ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,business ,0503 education ,Isomorphism (sociology) - Abstract
National higher education systems are undergoing profound changes, discussed in many but unrelated studies as outcomes of internationalisation dynamics and institutional isomorphism pressures. We propose to link these studies by emphasising the influence of both internationalisation and isomorphism on the formation of a global educational regime. Through a broad range of indicators, we describe the growth of the discursive, normative, and regulatory dimensions of such a global higher education regime. We find evidence of the following developments: (1) a rapidly growing network of international organisations focused on conferences, initiatives, and programmes supporting a global higher education agenda; (2) a striking increase in the number of international and national accreditation agencies, their mutual cross-national recognition as well as the number of universities that are nationally and internationally accredited; and lastly, (3) parallel increases in regional qualification frameworks and in the implementation of national qualification frameworks. These developments create integration pressures manifest in the mutual recognition of higher education degrees, for which a new generation of regional conventions has emerged worldwide in the past two decades. We discuss these processes and their implications for understanding ‘national’ higher education as well as the threats and limits to the burgeoning higher education regime.
- Published
- 2019
42. Finite-State Model Predictive Control With Integral Action Applied to a Single-Phase Z-Source Inverter
- Author
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Pedro Melin, Felipe Villarroel, Johan Guzman, Carlos R. Baier, Roberto O. Ramirez, Jose Espinoza, and Marco Rivera
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Steady state (electronics) ,Computer science ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Power (physics) ,Automaton ,Zero (linguistics) ,Model predictive control ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Control theory ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Inverter ,State (computer science) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Z-source inverter - Abstract
Finite control set model predictive control can be applied to a power converter if there is an accurate existing model of the converter. The best results will be achieved if and only if the parameters and variables that make up the system are properly estimated. If this is not the case, the predictions made using these strategies may be erroneous and cause problems, such as steady-state error with respect to the assigned desired references. This paper presents a predictive control strategy with integral action that compensates for the differences between the estimated model and the inverter with the objective of achieving a zero steady-state error without requiring external loops or state observers. The proposed strategy is tested on a single-phase Z-source inverter so as to evaluate the error in both the ac and dc controlled variables with respect to their references to their cosigns. The experimental results confirm that the proposed strategy achieves a zero error in the steady state while maintaining the fast dynamic response of the classic predictive control.
- Published
- 2019
43. Mandibular Condyle Remodeling after Functional Orthopedic Treatment: A Clinical Report of Four Cases
- Author
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Alain Aube and German O Ramirez-Yanez
- Subjects
Orthodontics ,Molar ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Osteoarthritis ,medicine.disease ,Condyle ,Bone remodeling ,Temporomandibular joint ,stomatognathic diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,stomatognathic system ,Orthopedic surgery ,Medicine ,Clinical significance ,business ,General Dentistry - Abstract
Aim This clinical report evaluated changes in the mandibular condyles of patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA) at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), who were treated with a modified dental splint. Materials and methods Four adult patients (age range: 24-47 years) were treated with a dental splint appliance that delivered a low load at the molar region and permitted lateral and protrusive mandibular excursions. An initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was performed for diagnosis purpose before treatment. A second MRI scan was conducted after 12 months of treatment to evaluate changes at the TMJ. Results The observations from the MRI results in the four patients showed positive changes at the end of the study period. The results presented here suggest the treatment provided significantly reduced the forces damaging the tissues covering the surface of the mandibular condyle, such as cartilage and cortical bone, which may be the cause of the OA. In that context, it is suggested that that reduction in the overloading of the TMJ produced by the functional dental splint permitted the recovery of those tissues. Conclusion The present results support the idea that the tissues composing the TMJ are viable and may respond to positive stimulus. In that way, this report proposes a way to treat those patients with TMJ OA, who may respond when the treatment aims to reduce the overloading forces affecting the TMJ. Clinical significance This report proposes a noninvasive clinical treatment for patients with TMJ OA, who may respond when the treatment aims to reduce the overloading forces affecting the TMJ.
- Published
- 2019
44. Occult cancer in patients with deep-vein thrombosis in a general hospital at Mexico City: A pilot study
- Author
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Christian O Ramirez-Serrano Torres, Edgardo Román-Guzmán, and Carlos-Manuel Ortiz-Mendoza
- Subjects
Cancer ,deep-vein thrombosis ,thromboembolism/prevention and control ,Trousseau's syndrome ,venous thrombosis/etiology ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: We aimed to explore the frequency of occult cancer in patients with deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) at a general hospital in Mexico City. Materials and Methods: From March 2012 to February 2015, all patients with primary DVT of lower extremities attended in the emergency department of our hospital were studied. Initially, all patients were evaluated with clinical history, physical examination, basic laboratories, abdominal ultrasound, chest X-ray, and duplex venous ultrasonography. In a case-by-case approach, if necessary, computed tomography, endoscopy, colonoscopy, and tumor markers were done. Results: From 182 patients with primary DVT, 30 (16.5%) presented occult cancer: Thirteen males and 17 females, with an average age of 61 years. In males, prostate cancer prevailed (6/13, 46%); meanwhile, in females, pelvic gynecologic cancers predominated (7/17, 41%). Conclusion: Our results suggest that in Mexican patients with primary DVT, occult cancer is frequent.
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- 2017
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45. Delayed hepatothorax: An unusual presentation case report
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Sergio M, Maldonado-Chaar, Ángel A, Miró-González, Norman, Ramírez, and Luis O, Ramirez-Ferrer
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Surgery - Abstract
We are reporting a case of a delayed hepatothorax due to a right-sided diaphragmatic rupture 13 years after a blunt trauma due to a motor vehicle accident, who presented as isolated gastritis without any type of respiratory symptomatology.Patient refers that his symptoms remained refractory to medical treatment and had gotten worse over time. Chest wall inspection showed asymmetric thoracic expansion and a decreased movement of right hemithorax when compared to the left. Cardiorespiratory auscultation was significant for growling sounds on the right second intercostal space and reduction of breath sounds on the right lower lobe region of the lung when compared to the left side.Thoracotomy was indicated since patient presented late. Meanwhile, laparotomy would have been appropriate if the patient had presented immediately after trauma. After the procedure, the patient presented in great condition and all the gastrointestinal symptoms associated with the traumatic diaphragmatic hernia had resolved. We propose that the absence of respiratory symptoms in our patient could be due to the progressive adaptation of small, cumulative changes in decreasing breathing capacity through time.A case like ours has not been reported in the literature and clinicians should take this case report into consideration when suspecting a possible diagnosis of a delayed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia that may be complicated by a hepatothorax. We recommend maintaining a high index of clinical suspicion for hepatothorax due to delayed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia for all patients with a history of trauma.
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- 2022
46. Can oil and gas exploration deliver on prediction?
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Paul Herrington, Stuart G. Archer, Maren Bjørheim, Abryl O. Ramirez, Graeme Keith, and David G. Quirk
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Actuarial science ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Fossil fuel ,02 engineering and technology ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Metamorphic petrology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Geophysics ,chemistry ,Telmatology ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,Petroleum ,business ,Geology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The age old problem of underperformance in petroleum explora¬tion is directly related to over-optimistic evaluations of the size of undrilled prospects. Although the assessment of geological risk in proven plays is usually not a problem, the chance of economic success is generally much lower than predicted by companies as a consequence of the deficit in expected volumes. An EAGE workshop held in Copenhagen in June 2018 addressed this issue and one of the outcomes was the recommendation that prospect evaluations are more closely linked to historical data, particularly on the downside size of discoveries.
- Published
- 2018
47. Transcriptomic Cross‐Species Analysis of Chronic Liver Disease Reveals Consistent Regulation Between Humans and Mice
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Patricio Godoy, Sebastian Mueller, Stefan Hoehme, Cristina Cadenas, Reham Hassan, Jörg Reinders, Steven Dooley, Maiju Myllys, Rosemarie Marchan, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Ahmed Ghallab, Thomas Longerich, Ute Hofmann, Abdel-latif Seddek, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Christian H. Holland, Jan G. Hengstler, Karolina Edlund, Brigitte Begher-Tibbe, Christian Rupp, Christian Trautwein, and Verena Keitel
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Cell type ,Period (gene) ,Down-Regulation ,CCL4 ,RC799-869 ,Biology ,Chronic liver disease ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Species Specificity ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Hepatology ,Liver cell ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Liver Diseases ,Original Articles ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,medicine.disease ,Molecular biology ,Up-Regulation ,Disease Models, Animal ,Chronic Disease ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Original Article ,Immunostaining - Abstract
Mouse models are frequently used to study chronic liver diseases (CLDs). To assess their translational relevance, we quantified the similarity of commonly used mouse models to human CLDs based on transcriptome data. Gene‐expression data from 372 patients were compared with data from acute and chronic mouse models consisting of 227 mice, and additionally to nine published gene sets of chronic mouse models. Genes consistently altered in humans and mice were mapped to liver cell types based on single‐cell RNA‐sequencing data and validated by immunostaining. Considering the top differentially expressed genes, the similarity between humans and mice varied among the mouse models and depended on the period of damage induction. The highest recall (0.4) and precision (0.33) were observed for the model with 12‐months damage induction by CCl4 and by a Western diet, respectively. Genes consistently up‐regulated between the chronic CCl4 model and human CLDs were enriched in inflammatory and developmental processes, and mostly mapped to cholangiocytes, macrophages, and endothelial and mesenchymal cells. Down‐regulated genes were enriched in metabolic processes and mapped to hepatocytes. Immunostaining confirmed the regulation of selected genes and their cell type specificity. Genes that were up‐regulated in both acute and chronic models showed higher recall and precision with respect to human CLDs than exclusively acute or chronic genes. Conclusion: Similarly regulated genes in human and mouse CLDs were identified. Despite major interspecies differences, mouse models detected 40% of the genes significantly altered in human CLD. The translational relevance of individual genes can be assessed at https://saezlab.shinyapps.io/liverdiseaseatlas/., In the present study, we observed that – although major interspecies differences remain – improved mouse models show up to 40% of the gene expression changes seen in liver tissue of human NAFLD or NASH, which is much higher than previously reported. Moreover, we identified gene sets consistently regulated in human and mouse chronic liver disease. Based on single‐cell RNA‐sequencing data set we mapped liver cell types to those genes and validated them by immunostaining.
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- 2021
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48. B Cell Expansion Hinders the Stroma-Epithelium Regenerative Crosstalk During Mucosal Healing
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Yue O. O. Hu, Ludvig Larsson, Paulo Czarnewski, Annika Frede, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Eduardo J. Villablanca, Chiara Zagami, Gustavo Monasterio, Joakim Lundeberg, Romy Mittenzwei, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Chiara Sorini, Nadine Hövelmeyer, Claudio Novella-Rausell, Kumar Parijat Tripathi, Srustidhar Das, Camilla Engblom, and Xinxin Luo
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History ,Cell type ,Stromal cell ,Polymers and Plastics ,Chemistry ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Epithelium ,Cell biology ,Epithelial Damage ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immune system ,Cell–cell interaction ,Stroma ,medicine ,Business and International Management ,B cell - Abstract
Little is known about the pro-resolution role of immune cells recruited to damaged tissue. Using an experimental model of intestinal epithelial damage and repair, we identified B cells as the dominant cell type in the healing colon. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) revealed the expansion of an IFN-induced B cell subset during experimental mucosal healing which was associated with colitis severity. In line with this, B cell depletion during mucosal healing resulted in accelerated recovery upon injury, which was associated with enhanced expression of tissue remodeling genes. scRNA-seq from the epithelial and stromal compartment confirmed that lack of B cells during mucosal healing alters gene activity programs associated with tissue remodeling. Combined scRNAseq and spatial transcriptomic analysis showed that IFN-induced B cells are located at sites of damage/remodeling and that absence of B cells resulted in decreased potential interaction and co-localization between stromal and epithelial cells. Thus, we identified a previously undescribed role of B cells impairing cell-cell interactions during mucosal healing.
- Published
- 2021
49. Bilateral Condylar Fracture: A Case Treated with a Conservative Myofunctional Approach
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German O Ramirez-Yanez and Antonio Bedoya-Rodriguez
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Orthodontics ,Surgical approach ,business.industry ,Mandibular Condyle ,General Medicine ,Mandible ,Condyle ,stomatognathic diseases ,stomatognathic system ,Mandibular Fractures ,Fracture (geology) ,Medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Clinical case ,business ,Child - Abstract
Mandibular condylar fractures in a growing child may cause long-term consequences. A conservative approach has been recommended to permit the remodelling of the condyles as well as to re-establishing the mandibular dynamics and oral functions. This case report presents a bilateral mandibular condylar fracture in an 11 years old girl treated with myofunctional appliances in combination with exercises. The successful results from this clinical case support a conservative approach when treating mandibular condylar fractures in a growing child instead of an open surgical approach.
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- 2020
50. Spatial multi-omic map of human myocardial infarction
- Author
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Christoph Kuppe, Ricardo O. Ramirez Flores, Zhijian Li, Sikander Hayat, Rebecca T. Levinson, Xian Liao, Monica T. Hannani, Jovan Tanevski, Florian Wünnemann, James S. Nagai, Maurice Halder, David Schumacher, Sylvia Menzel, Gideon Schäfer, Konrad Hoeft, Mingbo Cheng, Susanne Ziegler, Xiaoting Zhang, Fabian Peisker, Nadine Kaesler, Turgay Saritas, Yaoxian Xu, Astrid Kassner, Jan Gummert, Michiel Morshuis, Junedh Amrute, Rogier J. A. Veltrop, Peter Boor, Karin Klingel, Linda W. Van Laake, Aryan Vink, Remco M. Hoogenboezem, Eric M. J. Bindels, Leon Schurgers, Susanne Sattler, Denis Schapiro, Rebekka K. Schneider, Kory Lavine, Hendrik Milting, Ivan G. Costa, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Rafael Kramann, Hematology, Developmental Biology, Internal Medicine, RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemie, and RS: Carim - B02 Vascular aspects thrombosis and Haemostasis
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Multidisciplinary ,Time Factors ,RECEPTOR ,Ventricular Remodeling ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Myocardium ,Myocardial Infarction ,Atrial Remodeling ,Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ,Chromatin ,APOPTOSIS ,CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION ,Epigenome ,SINGLE-CELL ,INFLAMMATION ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Case-Control Studies ,BINDING ,HEART-FAILURE ,Humans ,Myocytes, Cardiac ,RNA-SEQ ,Single-Cell Analysis ,CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY ,GENE-EXPRESSION - Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death worldwide1. Although advances have been made in acute treatment, an incomplete understanding of remodelling processes has limited the effectiveness of therapies to reduce late-stage mortality2. Here we generate an integrative high-resolution map of human cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction using single-cell gene expression, chromatin accessibility and spatial transcriptomic profiling of multiple physiological zones at distinct time points in myocardium from patients with myocardial infarction and controls. Multi-modal data integration enabled us to evaluate cardiac cell-type compositions at increased resolution, yielding insights into changes of the cardiac transcriptome and epigenome through the identification of distinct tissue structures of injury, repair and remodelling. We identified and validated disease-specific cardiac cell states of major cell types and analysed them in their spatial context, evaluating their dependency on other cell types. Our data elucidate the molecular principles of human myocardial tissue organization, recapitulating a gradual cardiomyocyte and myeloid continuum following ischaemic injury. In sum, our study provides an integrative molecular map of human myocardial infarction, represents an essential reference for the field and paves the way for advanced mechanistic and therapeutic studies of cardiac disease.
- Published
- 2020
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