184 results on '"Normal endometrium"'
Search Results
2. Somatic evolution in normal human endometrium
- Author
-
Moore, Luiza and Stratton, Michael
- Subjects
616.99 ,genomics ,cancer ,somatic mutation ,normal endometrium - Abstract
For decades, the primary focus of cancer research has been the cancer tissue itself. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled identification and characterisation of driver mutations, provided insights into the tumour burdens and underlying mutational processes, sub-clonal diversification and tumour heterogeneity. However, all cancers arise from cells that were once normal. Over time, they acquired certain mutations which increased their fitness, giving them a selective advantage over their neighbours and allowing uncontrolled growth, clonal expansion and malignant transformation. Our understanding of somatic evolution occurring in normal tissues with age and in the early stages of tumourigenesis remains relatively poorly understood. In this thesis, I aimed to investigate somatic evolution in normal ageing human tissues. Firstly, I helped to establish a robust low DNA input whole-genome sequencing workflow for laser-capture micro-dissected cellular material. I then utilised this approach to explore the genomic and evolutionary landscapes of the normal human endometrium. In the first results chapter, I investigate the clonal composition of normal endometrial glands. The majority of glands are clonal cell populations that share a common recent ancestor and the monoclonality is independent of whether they have a driver mutation. In the second results chapter, I investigate the mutational landscape of normal endometrial glands. We show that somatic mutations (base substitutions, indels and genome rearrangements) accumulate with age in a more-or-less linear manner. A small number of ubiquitous mutational processes accounts for the majority of all mutations. A remarkably high proportion of normal endometrial glands carry at least one driver mutation (of the type that one is used to finding in cancers). Accumulation of drivers is negatively affected by parity. Through phylogenetic tree reconstruction of somatic mutations in endometrial glands, we show that driver mutations often occur early in life and continue to accumulate with age. This work identifies a distinct mutational landscape in the normal endometrium that is in keeping with the presence of early positive selection in this highly regenerative tissue.
- Published
- 2020
3. Frequent PIK3CA mutation in normal endometrial gland drives spheroid formation and may be involved in stem cell propagation.
- Author
-
Sato, Seiya, Nakayama, Kentaro, Kanno, Kosuke, Sultana, Razia, Ishikawa, Masako, Ishibashi, Tomoka, Yamashita, Hitomi, and Kyo, Satoru
- Abstract
Recent studies reported the presence of oncogenic mutations in normal endometrial glands, but the biological significance remains unclear. The present study investigated the status of KRAS/PIK3CA driver mutations in normal endometrial glands as well as spheroids derived from single glands. The normal endometria of surgically removed uteri (n = 3) were divided into nine regions, and 40 endometrial single glands were isolated from each region. The DNAs of 10 glands in each region were extracted and subjected to Sanger sequencing for KRAS or PIK3CA driver mutations, while the remaining 30 glands were conferred to a long‐term spheroid culture, followed by Sanger sequencing. Immunohistochemical analyses of stem cell (Axin2, ALDH1A1, SOX9) markers were undertaken for spheroids. Sanger sequencing successfully detected oncogenic mutations of KRAS or PIK3CA in a single gland. Twenty‐five of the 270 glands (9.3%) had mutations in either KRAS or PIK3CA, and the mutation frequency in each endometrial region varied from 0% to 50%. The droplet digital PCR showed high mutation allele frequency (MAF) of PIK3CA mutation, suggestive of clonal expansion of mutated cells within a gland. Over 60% of the collected spheroids had PIK3CA mutations, but no KRAS mutations were detected. Immunohistochemically, spheroids were mainly composed of cells with stem cell marker expressions. High MAF of PIK3CA mutation in a single gland as well as frequent PIK3CA mutation in stem cell‐rich spheroids that originated from a single gland suggest the role of PIK3CA mutation in stem cell propagation. This information could improve our understanding of endometrial physiology as well as stem cell‐oriented endometrial regeneration and carcinogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of stem cell markers (NANOG and CD133) in normal, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrium.
- Author
-
Al-Kaabi, Methaq, Noel, Khalida, and Al-Rubai, Abdal-jabbar
- Subjects
- *
ENDOMETRIUM , *ENDOMETRIAL hyperplasia , *STEM cells , *CANCER stem cells , *ENDOMETRIAL cancer , *LYMPHATIC metastasis - Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a potential cause for recurrence, metastasis, and resistance of tumors to different therapeutic modalities like hormonal radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We investigated two CSC markers (NANOG and CD 133) in normal, hyperplastic endometrium and endometrial carcinoma. A total of 93 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were used for immunohistochemical expression of NANOG and CD133 markers. NANOG expression was detected in 88.37% of endometrial carcinoma cases compared to 15% of the normal proliferative endometrium and 60% of hyperplasia cases. In endometrial carcinoma, high NANOG expression was significantly correlated with high grade, deep myometrial invasion, lymph node metastasis, and high stage with p-values (0.009, 0.005, 0.014, and 0.003, respectively). CD133 was positive in 76.74% of endometrial carcinoma cases, and it showed a significant correlation with deep myometrial invasion, positive lymph node, positive lymphovascular invasion, and high stage (p-values 0.003, 0.001, 0.003, and 0.013, respectively). Normal endometrium showed less expression of CD133 (only 5%) than hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma with a statistically highly significant difference (p less than 0.0001). Hyperplastic cases with atypia expressed higher CD133 than those without atypia (6 out of 12 versus 3 out of 18). However, this difference was not statistically significant (p-value 0.111). The cancer stem cell markers NANOG and CD 133 are expressed in a high percentage in endometrial carcinoma compared to normal and hyperplasia and their expression is positively correlated with the aggressive behavior of the tumor. High expression of these two markers in apparently normal tissue around the tumor and in hyperplastic conditions with atypia suggests the possibility to use NANOG and CD133 expression as a diagnostic marker distinguishing dysplasia from reactive atypia. Therefore, inhibition of these markers can be a promising method to stop the progression of early cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Cancer‐associated mutations in normal human endometrium: Surprise or expected?
- Author
-
Kyo, Satoru, Sato, Seiya, and Nakayama, Kentaro
- Abstract
The human endometrium is an essential component in human reproduction that has the unique characteristic of undergoing cyclic regeneration during each menstrual cycle. Vigorous regeneration after shedding may be sustained by stem/progenitor cells, for which molecular markers have not been fully identified. Although clonality analysis using X chromosome inactivation patterns has shown that normal human endometrial glands are composed of a monoclonal cell population, whether clonal expansion is derived from stem/progenitor cells remains unclear. Remarkable advances in next‐generation sequencing technology over the past decade have enabled somatic mutations to be detected in not only cancers, but also normal solid tissues. Unexpectedly frequent cancer‐associated mutations have been detected in a variety of normal tissues, and recent studies have clarified the mutational landscape of normal human endometrium. In epithelial glandular cells, representative cancer‐associated mutations are frequently observed in an age‐dependent manner, presumably leading to growth advantage. However, the extremely high mutation loads attributed to DNA mismatch repair deficiency and POLE mutations, as well as structural and copy number alterations, are specific to endometrial cancer, not to normal epithelial cells. The malignant conversion of normal epithelial cells requires these additional genetic hits, which are presumably accumulated during aging, and may therefore be a rare life event. These discoveries could be expected to shed light on the physiology and pathogenesis of the human endometrium and urge caution against the application of genetic screening for the early detection of endometrial cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Expression Profiles of TRAIL and Its Receptors in Normal, Hyperplastic, and Malignant Endometrial Tissues: Hints on Endometrial Cancer Biology.
- Author
-
Aydin, Cigdem, Bisgin, Atil, Sanlioglu, Ahter Dilsad, Pestereli, Elif, Erdogan, Gulgun, Ozbudak, Irem Hicran, Simsek, Tayup, and Sanlioglu, Salih
- Subjects
- *
ENDOMETRIAL hyperplasia , *ENDOMETRIAL cancer , *TUMOR grading , *LIGANDS (Biochemistry) , *CELL receptors , *ENDOMETRIUM , *PROTEIN expression - Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the sixth most common neoplasm in women worldwide, with a rising incidence largely attributed to the ongoing obesity epidemic. TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) and TRAIL receptors have been tested for their predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic values in various cancers, as well as for possible use in combination therapies. The roles of TRAIL and its receptors in endometrial tissue biology has not yet been cleared, and the potential of these molecules as biomarkers in endometrial cancer is yet to be defined. We investigated the expression profiles of TRAIL and its transmembrane receptors during endometrial carcinogenesis to evaluate their potential as prognostic markers. Paraffin-embedded normal endometrium (n=18), endometrial hyperplasia (n=27), and endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma tissues (n=100) were analysed for TRAIL and receptor expression profiles via immunohistochemical staining. Apoptotic indexes in the corresponding tissues were defined by TUNEL assay. Endometrial carcinoma displayed decreased TRAIL and DR4 expressions compared to the normal endometrium, while increased DR5 and decoy receptor (DcR1 and DcR2) expressions were evident. The complex atypical hyperplasia displayed the most similar expression profiles to the endometrial carcinoma, in accordance with the greatest risk of progression to endometrial carcinoma attributed to this tissue type. TRAIL/TRAIL receptor expression levels did not correlate with the prognostic factors of tumor stage or grade, or depth of myometrial invasion. Overall, distinct profiles of TRAIL and its receptor expressions were evident in progression from normal endometrium to hyperplasia and cancer, which may indicate significance of TRAIL signaling in the course of endometrial carcinoma development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. NADPH oxidase 4 expression in the normal endometrium and in endometrial cancer.
- Author
-
Degasper, Christine, Brunner, Andrea, Sampson, Natalie, Tsibulak, Irina, Wiese, Verena, Welpone, Hannah, Marth, Christian, Fiegl, Heidi, and Zeimet, Alain Gustave
- Subjects
NADPH oxidase ,ENDOMETRIAL cancer ,BODY mass index ,CARCINOSARCOMAS ,ENDOMETRIAL tumors ,POLYMERASE chain reaction ,IN situ hybridization - Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the role of NOX4 in the biology of the normal endometrium and endometrial cancer. NOX4 plays a key role in other adenocarcinomas and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity, which are important risk factors for endometrial cancer. NOX4 expression was assessed in 239 endometrial cancer and 25 normal endometrium samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. DNA methylation of the NOX4 promoter was determined by means of MethyLight PCR. Data were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and analyzed in the context of diabetes and body mass index. In the normal endometrium, NOX4 microRNA expression was significantly higher in the secretory transformed compared with proliferative endometrium (p = 0.008). In endometrial cancer specimens, NOX4 expression did not differ between diabetic and non-diabetic patients, but was the highest in patients with a body mass index ł 26 (p = 0.037). The lowest NOX4 expression was found in carcinosarcomas (p = 0.007). High NOX4 expression predicted poorer clinical outcome with regard to overall survival, especially in non-diabetic patients and those with a body mass index.20. Independent prognostic significance of NOX4 transcripts was retained in type I endometrial cancer and was the most meaningful in patients with a body mass index.20. No prognostic impact was shown for NOX4 promoter methylation in endometrial cancer. For the first time, we demonstrate that NOX4 plays a considerable role in the cycle-dependent changes in the normal endometrium and in the biology of endometrial cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Benign and Malignant Endometrium
- Author
-
Buy, Jean Noel, Ghossain, Michel, Buy, Jean Noel, and Ghossain, Michel
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Endometritis
- Author
-
Dallenbach-Hellweg, Gisela, Schmidt, Dietmar, Dallenbach, Friederike, Dallenbach-Hellweg, Gisela, Schmidt, Dietmar, and Dallenbach, Friederike
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Normal Endometrium
- Author
-
Maksem, John A., Robboy, Stanley J., Bishop, John W., Meiers, Isabelle, Meiers, Isabelle, Bishop, John W., Robboy, Stanley J., and Maksem, John A.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Cytoarchitecture and Nuclear Atypia as the Bases for the Cytology Risk-Stratification of Endometrial Samplings
- Author
-
Maksem, John A., Robboy, Stanley J., Bishop, John W., Meiers, Isabelle, Meiers, Isabelle, Bishop, John W., Robboy, Stanley J., and Maksem, John A.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Performance of automatic machine learning versus radiologists in the evaluation of endometrium on computed tomography
- Author
-
Chengzhang Zhu, Rong Hu, Huizhou Li, Paul J. Zhang, Dan Li, Jing Wu, Harrison X. Bai, and Yeyu Cai
- Subjects
Learning classifier system ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Urology ,Endometrial cancer ,Gastroenterology ,Feature selection ,Computed tomography ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Endometrium ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Feature (computer vision) ,Region of interest ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer - Abstract
In this study, we developed radiomic models that utilize a combination of imaging features and clinical variables to distinguish endometrial cancer (EC) from normal endometrium on routine computed tomography (CT). A total of 926 patients consisting of 416 endometrial cancer (EC) and 510 normal endometrium were included. The CT images of these patients were segmented manually, and divided into training, validation, testing and external testing sets. Non-texture and texture features of these images with endometrium or uterus as region of interest were extracted. The clinical feature “age” was also included in the feature set. Feature selection and machine learning classifier were applied to normalized feature set. This manual optimized combination was then compared with the best pipeline exported by Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool (TPOT) on testing and external testing set. The performances of these machine learning pipelines were compared to that of radiologists. The manual expert optimized pipeline using the “reliefF” feature selection method and “Bagging” classifier on the external testing set achieved a test ROC AUC of 0.73, accuracy of 0.73 (95% CI 0.62–0.82), sensitivity of 0.64 (95% CI 0.45–0.79), and specificity of 0.78 (95% CI 0.65–0.87), while TPOT achieved a test ROC AUC of 0.79, accuracy of 0.80 (95% CI 0.70–0.87), sensitivity of 0.61 (95% CI 0.43–0.77), and specificity of 0.90 (95% CI 0.78–0.96). When compared to average radiologist performance, the TPOT achieved higher test accuracy (0.80 vs. 0.49, p
- Published
- 2021
13. Expression of Estrogen α and β Variants, Androgen, and Progesterone Receptors in Human Normal and Neoplastic Endometrium
- Author
-
Skrzypczak, Maciej, Zagulska-Szymczak, Sylwia, Lidereau, Rosette, Bieche, Ivan, Lewandowski, Sebastian, Radwanska, Katarzyna, Szczylik, Cezary, Vidaud, Michael, Jakowicki, Jerzy A., Kaczmarek, Leszek, Li, Jonathan J., editor, Li, Sara A., editor, and Llombart-Bosch, Antonio, editor
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Recurrent implantation failure: how common is it?
- Author
-
Jean Marc Ayoubi, Paul Pirtea, Richard T. Scott, and Dominique de Ziegler
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy Rate ,Aneuploidy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Implantation failure ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Humans ,Embryo Implantation ,Intensive care medicine ,Scientific society ,Retrospective Studies ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Normal endometrium ,Embryo Transfer ,medicine.disease ,Embryo transfer ,Pregnancy rate ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,embryonic structures ,Female ,business - Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To clarify a lingering issue, the true incidence of repeated implantation failures (RIF) in women undergoing successive frozen euploid single embryo transfers (FE-SET). RECENT FINDINGS As not all Assisted reproductive techinique (ART) attempts are crowned by success, it has been questioned since incept of ART whether failures resulted from an embryonic or endometrial cause. RIF has received no precise definition but a trend has existed toward setting a more stringent definition, as reproductive biology has become more effective and ART success rates improved. No scientific society has yet convened on a universally accepted definition. The advent of effective and well tolerated pregestational testing of embryos for aneuploidy (PGT-A) has allowed to not transfer aneuploid embryos, which are bound not to succeed. This, therefore, justify revisiting the concept of RIF when only euploid embryos are transferred. SUMMARY Contrary to lingering beliefs, the results of our study indicate that RIF following three successive euploid embryo transfers in a morphologically normal endometrium is a rare occurrence (
- Published
- 2021
15. The Role of Endometrial Thicknesses as Risk Factor in Endometrial Pathologies
- Author
-
Kemine Uzel and Igor Lakhno
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Transvaginal ultrasonography ,business.industry ,endometrial thickness ,Significant difference ,Uterine bleeding ,menopause ,Endometrial pathology ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,transvaginal ultrasonography ,endometrial cancer ,Carcinoma ,medicine ,Population study ,Medicine ,Risk factor ,business ,curettage - Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of endometrial thickness in endometrial pathologies and compare transvaginal ultrasonography (TvUSG) and histopathological results in pre-and post-menopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 1882 women with abnormal uterine bleeding between 2018 and 2020. After exclusions, the final study population consisted of 1088 women. The primary variable was the endometrial thickness. Secondary variables examined were final diagnosis, age, gravidity, parity, and menopausal status. Results: Results for 653 women (60.0%) with normal endometrium, 26 women (2.4%) with endometrial carcinoma, and 409 women (37.6%) with other endometrial pathology were analyzed. The mean endometrial thickness of the women with normal endometrium was 11.38±5.80 mm (range: 3-45 mm), while the mean endometrial thickness of the women with other endometrial pathology and endometrial carcinoma were 12.27±5.15 mm (range: 3-33 mm), and 17.24±7.19 mm (range: 5-33 mm), respectively. A statistically significant difference was detected between the groups concerning endometrial thickness (F=15.464, p
- Published
- 2021
16. Expression of CD26/Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV in Endometrial Adenocarcinoma and its Negative Correlation with Tumor Grade
- Author
-
Kajiyama, Hiroaki, Kikkawa, Fumitaka, Ino, Kazuhiko, Shibata, Kiyosumi, Mizutani, Shigehiko, Hildebrandt, Martin, editor, Klapp, Burghard F., editor, Hoffmann, Torsten, editor, Demuth, Hans-Ulrich, editor, Back, Nathan, editor, Cohen, Irun R., editor, Kritchevsky, David, editor, Lajtha, Abel, editor, and Paoletti, Rodolfo, editor
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Thymidine Phosphorylase Activity in Normal, Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Endometrium - Correlation With Intratumoral Angiogenesis
- Author
-
Sivridis, Efthimios and Maragoudakis, Michael E., editor
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Endometritis
- Author
-
Dallenbach-Hellweg, Gisela, Poulsen, Hemming, Dallenbach-Hellweg, Gisela, and Poulsen, Hemming
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Normal Endometrium
- Author
-
Dallenbach-Hellweg, Gisela, Poulsen, Hemming, Dallenbach-Hellweg, Gisela, and Poulsen, Hemming
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Polyps
- Author
-
Mazur, Michael T., Kurman, Robert J., Mazur, Michael T., and Kurman, Robert J.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Normal Endometrium and Infertility Evaluation
- Author
-
Mazur, Michael T., Kurman, Robert J., Mazur, Michael T., and Kurman, Robert J.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Biology of Normal Aging Endometrium
- Author
-
Trevoux, R., de Brux, J., Bergeron, C., Schiff, Isaac, editor, Lorrain, Jacques, editor, Plouffe, Leo, Jr., editor, Ravnikar, Veronica A., editor, Speroff, Leon, editor, and Watts, Nelson B., editor
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. A Monoclonal Antibody C12 Against Endometrial Carcinoma, Recognize Polyfucosyl Lactosamine-Bearing Glycoprotein
- Author
-
Tsuji, Yoshiyuki, Utsunomiya, Joji, editor, and Lynch, Henry T., editor
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Protein expression pattern of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) in endometriosis and normal endometrium
- Author
-
Dimosthenis Miliaras, Anna Timologou, Basil C. Tarlatzis, Menelaos Zafrakas, Grigorios Grimbizis, Konstantinos Kotronis, and Panayiota Papasozomenou
- Subjects
Adult ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Endometriosis ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,Protein expression ,Extracellular matrix ,Endometrium ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,medicine ,Humans ,Ovarian Diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Eutopic endometrium ,Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Chemistry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,Cancer research ,Female ,Laparoscopy - Abstract
Given the involvement of different extracellular matrix (ECM) metalloproteinases (MMPs) in endometriosis, the protein expression pattern of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) was analyzed in this study in endometriosis and normal endometrium. Tissue samples were collected prospectively from 64 premenopausal patients undergoing operative laparoscopy. Protein expression of TIMP3 was analyzed immunohistochemically in endometriotic lesions (
- Published
- 2019
25. Differential Expression of CD24 and its Significance in Normal Endometrium, Hyperplastic Lesions and Endometrial Carcinoma
- Author
-
M.D. Rehab K. Mohammed Yousef
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,CD24 ,Carcinoma ,medicine ,Normal endometrium ,Differential expression ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2019
26. The Comparison of Er α Expression Between Endometriosis with No Endometriosis
- Author
-
Edy Ardiansyah, D. Irsat Syafardi, Yostoto B Kaban, and Hendry Salim Siregar
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Adrenergic receptor ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Endometriosis ,Estrogen receptor ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,symbols.namesake ,Endocrinology ,Estrogen ,Internal medicine ,symbols ,medicine ,Immunohistochemistry ,Receptor ,business ,Fisher's exact test - Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ER) play an important role in mediating action. The ER α has a higher affinity for estrogen and the dominant form of the normal endometrium. A cross-sectional study from an ectopic tissue of endo-metriosis and normal was examined for immunohistochemistry. This research was conducted from November 2015 until the sample complete. The analysis was performed using Fisher Exact test, p
- Published
- 2019
27. Comparison of the Immunohistochemical Expression of Caveolin-1 in Endometrial Carcinoma, Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Endometrial Hyperplasia, and Normal Endometrium
- Author
-
Gülden Diniz, Dudu Solakoğlu Kahraman, Sibel Demir Keçeci, Duygu Ayaz, and Sevil Sayhan
- Subjects
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Caveolin 1 ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Immunohistochemistry ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,business ,Endometrial hyperplasia - Published
- 2019
28. Expression profiles of TRAIL and its receptors in normal, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrial tissues: Hints on endometrial cancer biology
- Author
-
Irem Hicran Ozbudak, Salih Sanlioglu, Cigdem Aydin, Elif Pestereli, Gulgun Erdogan, Ahter Dilsad Sanlioglu, Atil Bisgin, Tayup Simsek, and Çukurova Üniversitesi
- Subjects
Endometrial cancer ,TRAIL ,General Medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,DcR1 ,Endometrial Hyperplasia ,Cancer research ,medicine ,DR4 ,DcR2 ,DR5 ,Endometrial Carcinoma ,Receptor ,Normal endometrium - Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the sixth most common neoplasm in women worldwide, with a rising incidence largely attributed to the ongoing obesity epidemic. TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) and TRAIL receptors have been tested for their predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic values in various cancers, as well as for possible use in combination therapies. The roles of TRAIL and its receptors in endometrial tissue biology has not yet been cleared, and the potential of these molecules as biomarkers in endometrial cancer is yet to be defined. We investigated the expression profiles of TRAIL and its transmembrane receptors during endometrial carcinogenesis to evaluate their potential as prognostic markers. Paraffin-embedded normal endometrium (n=18), endometrial hyperplasia (n=27), and endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma tissues (n=100) were analysed for TRAIL and receptor expression profiles via immunohistochemical staining. Apoptotic indexes in the corresponding tissues were defined by TUNEL assay. Endometrial carcinoma displayed decreased TRAIL and DR4 expressions compared to the normal endometrium, while increased DR5 and decoy receptor (DcR1 and DcR2) expressions were evident. The complex atypical hyperplasia displayed the most similar expression profiles to the endometrial carcinoma, in accordance with the greatest risk of progression to endometrial carcinoma attributed to this tissue type. TRAIL/TRAIL receptor expression levels did not correlate with the prognostic factors of tumor stage or grade, or depth of myometrial invasion. Overall, distinct profiles of TRAIL and its receptor expressions were evident in progression from normal endometrium to hyperplasia and cancer, which may indicate significance of TRAIL signaling in the course of endo metrial carcinoma development. © 2019, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2019
29. Management of Retained Products of Conception with Office Hysteroscopy
- Author
-
Hilary R. Haber and S.N. Morris
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Vaginoscopy ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Adhesion (medicine) ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Rigid hysteroscope ,Surgery ,Dilation and curettage ,Hysteroscopy ,Products of conception ,Medicine ,Morcellator ,business - Abstract
Study Objective The objective of this video is to demonstrate the feasibility of office hysteroscopy for the management of retained products of conception (POCs). Design N/A. Setting Two patients present weeks after early pregnancy loss with ongoing bleeding without fever or pain. Imaging is notable for heterogenous endometrial contents. After informed consent is obtained, office hysteroscopy is performed which visualizes retained POCs in the endometrial cavities. Patients or Participants Two patients with retained POCs are highlighted. Interventions A 5.5mm rigid hysteroscope with a 12-degree lens is used for office operative procedures so the working instrument is kept in the field of view. We routinely use vaginoscopy without a speculum or tenaculum to minimize patient discomfort. The first case has a smaller lesion which is taken down with blunt scissors in a targeted fashion. Given the large amount of products in the second case, a 5mm hysteroscopic morcellator facilitates efficient and directed removal, taking care to preserve normal endometrium. Measurements and Main Results Direct visualization of the endometrial cavities confirms complete removal of retained POCs. Conclusion Office hysteroscopy is a safe and effective approach for the management of retained POCs. It allows for targeted removal under visualization and reduces adhesion formation compared to traditional dilation and curettage. The vaginoscopic approach significantly reduces pain so no anesthesia is necessary, and patients are able to resume normal activities post-procedurally. It cost-effective compared to operating room procedures.
- Published
- 2021
30. Somatic evolution in normal human endometrium
- Author
-
Moore, Luiza
- Subjects
normal endometrium ,genomics ,cancer ,somatic mutation - Abstract
For decades, the primary focus of cancer research has been the cancer tissue itself. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled identification and characterisation of driver mutations, provided insights into the tumour burdens and underlying mutational processes, sub-clonal diversification and tumour heterogeneity. However, all cancers arise from cells that were once normal. Over time, they acquired certain mutations which increased their fitness, giving them a selective advantage over their neighbours and allowing uncontrolled growth, clonal expansion and malignant transformation. Our understanding of somatic evolution occurring in normal tissues with age and in the early stages of tumourigenesis remains relatively poorly understood. In this thesis, I aimed to investigate somatic evolution in normal ageing human tissues. Firstly, I helped to establish a robust low DNA input whole-genome sequencing workflow for laser-capture micro-dissected cellular material. I then utilised this approach to explore the genomic and evolutionary landscapes of the normal human endometrium. In the first results chapter, I investigate the clonal composition of normal endometrial glands. The majority of glands are clonal cell populations that share a common recent ancestor and the monoclonality is independent of whether they have a driver mutation. In the second results chapter, I investigate the mutational landscape of normal endometrial glands. We show that somatic mutations (base substitutions, indels and genome rearrangements) accumulate with age in a more-or-less linear manner. A small number of ubiquitous mutational processes accounts for the majority of all mutations. A remarkably high proportion of normal endometrial glands carry at least one driver mutation (of the type that one is used to finding in cancers). Accumulation of drivers is negatively affected by parity. Through phylogenetic tree reconstruction of somatic mutations in endometrial glands, we show that driver mutations often occur early in life and continue to accumulate with age. This work identifies a distinct mutational landscape in the normal endometrium that is in keeping with the presence of early positive selection in this highly regenerative tissue., CRUK Cambridge Cancer Centre
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Cancer-associated mutations in normal human endometrium: Surprise or expected?
- Author
-
Satoru Kyo, Seiya Sato, and Kentaro Nakayama
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,endometriosis ,Cancer Research ,Somatic cell ,Population ,next‐generation sequencing ,Review Article ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,X-inactivation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Endometrium ,normal endometrium ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Progenitor cell ,education ,Review Articles ,Mutation ,education.field_of_study ,Endometrial cancer ,Regeneration (biology) ,Cancer ,Epithelial Cells ,General Medicine ,endometrial cancer ,mutation ,next-generation sequencing ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Female - Abstract
The human endometrium is an essential component in human reproduction that has the unique characteristic of undergoing cyclic regeneration during each menstrual cycle. Vigorous regeneration after shedding may be sustained by stem/progenitor cells, for which molecular markers have not been fully identified. Although clonality analysis using X chromosome inactivation patterns has shown that normal human endometrial glands are composed of a monoclonal cell population, whether clonal expansion is derived from stem/progenitor cells remains unclear. Remarkable advances in next‐generation sequencing technology over the past decade have enabled somatic mutations to be detected in not only cancers, but also normal solid tissues. Unexpectedly frequent cancer‐associated mutations have been detected in a variety of normal tissues, and recent studies have clarified the mutational landscape of normal human endometrium. In epithelial glandular cells, representative cancer‐associated mutations are frequently observed in an age‐dependent manner, presumably leading to growth advantage. However, the extremely high mutation loads attributed to DNA mismatch repair deficiency and POLE mutations, as well as structural and copy number alterations, are specific to endometrial cancer, not to normal epithelial cells. The malignant conversion of normal epithelial cells requires these additional genetic hits, which are presumably accumulated during aging, and may therefore be a rare life event. These discoveries could be expected to shed light on the physiology and pathogenesis of the human endometrium and urge caution against the application of genetic screening for the early detection of endometrial cancer., Human endometrial gland exhibits clonal growth in each menstrual cycle possibly via stem/progenitor cells, with harboring frequent somatic gene mutations in cancer‐associated genes. These mutations may plays role in endometrial regeneration and pathogenesis of endometriosis or endometrial cancer.
- Published
- 2020
32. Features of myometrium remodeling after surgical inteventions on the uterus
- Author
-
T. V. Kossey, N. A. Zarzhitskaya, and D. M. Zhelezov
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,business.industry ,diagnosis ,myometrium ,Ultrasound ,Urology ,Uterus ,Myometrium ,scar on the uterus ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Education ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Ultrasonic monitoring ,GV557-1198.995 ,medicine ,Medicine ,In patient ,business ,Surgical interventions ,remodeling ,Sports - Abstract
Zhelezov D. M., Kossey T. V., Zarzhitskaya N. A. Features of myometrium remodeling after surgical inteventions on the uterus. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(2):204-211. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.02.025 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.02.025 https://zenodo.org/record/3733425 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 31.01.2020. Revised: 10.02.2020. Accepted: 28.02.2020. UDC 618.3-06 FEATURES OF MYOMETRIUM REMODELING AFTER SURGICAL INTEVENTIONS ON THE UTERUS D. M. Zhelezov, T. V. Kossey, N. A. Zarzhitskaya Odessa National Medical University, Odessa Abstract Introduction. Recently, the attention of researchers has again attracted the problem of pregnancy in the presence of scar on the uterus. The aim of the study is to evaluate the processes of myometrium remodeling in women with uterine scar using non-invasive ultrasonic monitoring. It is shown that the frequency of relative failure of yellowing in the uterus does not exceed 2.7% of the total number of women examined. The ratio of the thickness of the residual in the plane of the yellow and normal endometrium indicates complete remodeling and is in women after KP, this index was 0.96 ± 0.08, and after KME - 0.94 ± 0.06 (p> 0.05). The difference in maximum systolic velocity of arterial blood flow in patients after CR (38.8 ± 1.2 cm / s) and after CME (34.2 ± 1.4 cm / sec, p Keywords: scar on the uterus; remodeling; myometrium; diagnosis
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. P85 Mutational analysis of cervical cytology improves diagnosis of endometrial cancer: a prospective multicenter cohort study
- Author
-
Casper Reijnen, L.J.M. van der Putten, L.F.A.G. Massuger, J.M.A. Pijnenborg, A van der Wurff, Sanne Sweegers, MC Vos, Astrid Eijkelenboom, Marc P.M.L. Snijders, Heidi V.N. Küsters-Vandevelde, Johan Bulten, and Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Endometrial cancer ,Urology ,Cervical cytology ,Endometrial pathology ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Mutational analysis ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,business ,Endometrial biopsy ,Cohort study - Abstract
Introduction/Background Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is traditionally diagnosed by histopathological assessment of an endometrial biopsy, leaving up to 30% of patients undiagnosed due to technical failure of the biopsy procedure or an inadequate amount of tissue. The aim of the current study is to assess whether mutational analyses of cervical cytology including self-samples or pipelle endometrial biopsies can improve the diagnostic accuracy of traditional histopathological diagnosis of EC. Methodology A prospective multicentre cohort study was performed in three hospitals in the Netherlands. Patients surgically treated for EC or a benign gynecological condition (control group) were included. A Pap brush sample, a cervicovaginal self-sample, a pipelle endometrial biopsy and the surgical specimen of the endometrial carcinoma (endometrial carcinoma group) or normal endometrium (control group) were obtained. A targeted next-generation sequencing panel was used to analyze these samples for mutations in eight genes. Diagnostic accuracy was determined by calculating sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. Results Fifty-nine EC patients and 31 control patients were included. In these patients traditional histopathological diagnosis by pipelle had a sensitivity of 78.9% and a specificity of 100%. For EC patients, 96.6% of surgical specimens contained at least 1 mutation. Mutational analysis of Pap brush samples, self-samples, and pipelle endometrial biopsies yielded a sensitivity of 78.0%, 67.3% and 96.5% with a specificity of 96.8%, 96.8% and 93.5%, respectively. Combining these three methods individually with histopathological pipelle endometrial biopsy evaluations yielded a sensitivity of 95.8%, 93.0% and 96.5, respectively. Conclusion This study has shown that mutational analysis of either cervical cytology, self-samples or pipelle endometrial biopsies improves diagnosis of EC, and is feasible for detection of endometrial pathology. Prospective validation will support implementation in routine clinical practice. Disclosure M.L.: advisory board AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen pharmaceuticals, Roche; sponsored research by Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, llumina; royalties by Nimagen. Furthermore, no completing interests were declared.
- Published
- 2019
34. Membrane expression of TRAIL receptors DR4, DR5, DcR1 and DcR2 in the normal endometrium, atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrioid adenocarcinoma: a tissue microarray study.
- Author
-
Gottwald, Leszek, Piekarski, Janusz, Kubiak, Robert, Szwalski, Jarosław, Pasz-Walczak, Grażyna, Sęk, Piotr, Spych, Michał, Suzin, Jacek, Tyliński, Wiesław, and Jeziorski, Arkadiusz
- Subjects
- *
ENDOMETRIUM physiology , *HYPERPLASIA , *ENDOMETRIAL diseases , *ADENOCARCINOMA , *MICROARRAY technology - Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the membrane expression of DR4, DR5, DcR1 and DcR2 in the normal endometrium (NE), atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC). Methods: The study comprised 197 patients: 20 NE, 18 AEH and 159 EAC. Tissue microarrays were constructed. Membrane expression of DR4, DR5, DcR1 and DcR2 was examined and presented as total score (TS). Results: In EAC, the membrane expression of DR4, DR5 and DcR2 was less common compared to NE ( p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p = 0.018) and AEH ( p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p = 0.004). In EAC the membrane expression of DcR1 did not differ when compared to NE ( p = 0.055) and AEH ( p = 0.173). A strong correlation was found between the type of endometrial tissue (NE/AEH/EAC) and the TS of DR4 ( p < 0.001), DR5 ( p < 0.001), DcR1 ( p = 0.033) and DcR2 ( p < 0.001). In EAC, the TS of DR4, DR5, DcR1 and DcR2 was not related to grading and staging. In EAC, the membrane expression of DR5, but not DR4, DcR1 and DcR2, was related to better disease-free survival (DFS). The overall survival (OS) was not related to membrane TRAIL receptors expression. Conclusions: The membrane expression of the receptors for TRAIL DR4, DR5, DcR1 and DcR2 is greater in NE than EAC. The level of membrane staining of the receptors in EAC is not dependent on grading and staging. In EAC patients, membrane expression of DR4, DR5, DcR1 and DcR2 are not independent predictors of survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Evaluation of apparent diffusion coefficient in endometrial carcinoma compared to normal endometrium: a retrospective study
- Author
-
Rajeev Anand, Anu Sarah Easo, and Mini Issac
- Subjects
body regions ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Carcinoma ,medicine ,Effective diffusion coefficient ,Retrospective cohort study ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,business - Abstract
Background: To determine whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) will help in differentiating endometrial cancer from normal endometrium and to determine whether the grades of endometrial cancer will show significant difference in ADC values.Methods: This is a retrospective study done in MOSC medical college hospital Kolencherry. on patients on whom preoperative MRI was done before hysterectomy. Cases from July 2017 to March 2021 were included. Study cases included 40 females with pathologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 30 females with pathologically proven normal endometrium in cases of uterine leiomyoma and cervical cancer. The exclusion criteria for the study were patients with endometrial cancer in whom surgery was not done within 2 weeks of MRI, patients who were treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery, patients who had hydrometra or pyometra.Results: The mean ADC value (10−3 mm2/second) of endometrial cancer was 0.77±0.04, which was significantly lower (p0.05).Conclusions: Our study showed that ADC measurement can differentiate between normal endometrium and endometrial cancer. The ADC values of different grades of endometrial cancers did not show any statistically significant difference.
- Published
- 2021
36. Utility of liquid-based cytology in endometrial pathology: diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.
- Author
-
Norimatsu, Y., Kouda, H., Kobayashi, T. K., Shimizu, K., Yanoh, K., Tsukayama, C., Miyake, Y., and Ohno, E.
- Subjects
- *
CYTOLOGICAL techniques , *CYTOARCHITECTONICS , *HYPERPLASIA , *CANCER patients ,DIAGNOSIS of endometrial cancer - Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of SurePath-liquid-based cytology (LBC) compared to conventional cytological preparations (CCP) in the identification of endometrial carcinoma. Methods: During a 13-month period, direct endometrial samples were collected from 120 patients using the Uterobrush. The material comprised 30 cases each of endometrial carcinoma, proliferative endometrium, secretory endometrium and atrophic endometrium. The following points were investigated:(i) the frequency of cell clumps in endometrial carcinoma; (ii) the area of cell nuclei; (iii) overlapping nuclei. Results: (i) Comparison of the frequency of cell clumps with irregular protrusion pattern and papillo-tubular pattern showed no statistically significant difference in either type of cell clump between CCP and LBC. (ii) Comparison of the nuclear area of cells showed a sequential decrease from endometrial carcinoma to secretory endometrium, to proliferative endometrium and to atrophic endometrium, which was significant in CCP and LBC. (iii) Nuclear area was significantly lower with LBC compared with CCP in endometrial carcinoma, secretory endometrium and proliferative endometrium but not atrophic endometrium. (iv) Comparison of the degree of overlapping nuclei showed a sequential decrease from endometrial carcinoma to proliferative endometrium, to secretory endometrium and to atrophic endometrium, which was significant in both CCP and LBC. (v) Comparison of the degree of overlapping nuclei between CCP and LBC showed no significant difference for normal types of endometrium, but LBC had significantly higher values ( P < 0.0001) in endometrial carcinoma than in CCP. Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that applying diagnostic criteria used in CCP to LBC was easy to achieve, because LBC had excellent cytoarchitectural preservation and cells were well presented. Although we have not examined all cytological features of malignancy and have not considered atypical hyperplasia, we believe that this method may be a useful tool in the diagnosis of endometrial cytology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Utility of thin-layer preparations in the endometrial cytology:: Evaluation of benign endometrial lesions.
- Author
-
Norimatsu, Yoshiaki, Kouda, Hiromi, Kobayashi, Tadao K., Moriya, Takuya, Yanoh, Kenji, Tsukayama, Choutatsu, Miyake, Yasuyuki, and Ohno, Eiji
- Subjects
CYTOLOGY ,EPITHELIAL cells ,BLOOD vessels ,EXPERIMENTAL design - Abstract
Abstract: The purpose of the current study was to examine the use of thin-layer cytologic (TLC) preparation compared to conventional cytologic preparation (CCP) in the normal endometrium (proliferative, secretory, atrophic) and endometrial glandular and stromal breakdown (EGBD). During a 6-month period, we compiled 158 cases by collecting a direct endometrial sample using the Uterobrush. The material comprised 40 cases of proliferative endometrium, 42 cases of secretory endometrium, 46 cases of atrophic endometrium, and 30 cases of EGBD. The following points were investigated: (1) number of endometrial epithelial cell clumps; (2) presence of TLC > CCP cases on number of epithelial cell clumps; (3) number of condensed cluster of stromal cells; (4) presence of TLC > CCP cases on number of condensed cluster of stromal cells; (5) presence of metaplastic clumps with irregular protrusion-containing condensed stromal cluster; (6) presence of a clear background; (7) presence of blood vessel in TLC; (8) presence of blood vessel of length more than diameter of a field in object ×20 glasses in TLC. (1) In all phases, the number of epithelial cell clumps per a unit area of a preparation of TLC is greater than in CCP. (2) Cells (condensed cluster of stromal cells and metaplastic clumps with irregular protrusion-containing condensed stromal cluster) of useful and adequate numbers for a diagnosis of EGBD were observed in TLC. (3) In all phases, TLC was significantly higher than CCP on the appearance of a clear background. (4) The proliferative endometrium and secretory endometrium were highly significant in comparison with atrophic endometrium and EGBD, respectively, in terms of the occurrence of a blood vessel of length more than diameter of a field in object ×20 glasses. Although the preparation area of TLC is smaller than that of CCP, the preparation has a clean background so that an accurate report on the patient''s condition is possible. Therefore, TLC preparation is a useful tool for the accurate and reliable diagnosis of normal endometrial phase and EGBD, because the preparation area is confined and identification of the target cell clumps is easy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Expression of TGF-β type I and II receptors in normal and cancerous human endometrium
- Author
-
Piestrzeniewicz-Ulanska, Dagmara, Brys, Magdalena, Semczuk, Andrzej, Jakowicki, Jerzy A., and Krajewska, Wanda M.
- Subjects
- *
ENDOMETRIAL cancer , *TRANSFORMING growth factors - Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) belongs to a superfamily of structurally related polypeptides involved in various biological processes, including cell growth, proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. We tried to define the different expression patterns of the TGF-β receptors by investigating the female reproductive organs during the menstrual cycle and endometrial tumorigenesis, because their role in these processes is still unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of the TGF-β type I and type II receptors in normal
(n=13) and carcinomatous(n=42) endometrial tissue specimens using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunological (Western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) methods. Two uncommon female genital tract tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix and uterine carcinosarcoma, were also included. There were no significant differences between normal and cancerous endometrial tissues regarding the TGF-β receptors mRNA levels. However, we observed a markedly low TGF-β type I receptor protein level (P<0.028 ; Mann–Whitney-U test), while the malignant endometrium showed a significantly higher TGF-β type II receptor protein level (P<0.007 ; Mann–Whitney-U test) than the normal endometrium. Moreover, significantly elevated TGF-β receptor type II protein level was noted when depth of myometrial invasion of endometrial carcinomas was considered (P<0.05 ; Mann–Whitney-U test). In contrast to uterine carcinosarcoma, in which no detectable mRNA for TGF-β type II receptor was found, we noted expression of both TGF-β receptors in rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix. However, neither rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix nor uterine carcinosarcoma displayed TGFβRI and TGFβRII protein expression. This observation corroborates the complexity of the deregulation of TGF-β receptor expression in human endometrial cancer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Patterns of episialin/MUC1 expression in endometrial carcinomas and prognostic relevance.
- Author
-
Sivridis, E, Giatromanolaki, A, Koukourakis, M I, Georgiou, L, and Anastasiadis, P
- Subjects
- *
MUCINS , *CANCER , *ENDOMETRIUM - Abstract
Patterns of episialin/MUC1 expression in endometrial carcinomas and prognostic relevance Aims: To investigate episialin/MUC1 expression in the normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium, and relate patterns of tumour MUC1 reactivity with histopathological characteristics, oestrogen and progesterone receptor (ER and PR) status, bcl-2 and p53 oncoproteins and with clinical behaviour. Methods and results: We studied 42 normally cycling endometria, 45 endometrial hyperplasias of various forms, and 111 endometrial carcinomas of endometrioid and non-endometrioid cell types with specific monoclonal antibodies employing standard immunohistochemical techniques. The follow-up period ranged from 34 to 182 months with a median of 86 months. Epithelial mucin episialin/MUC1 was consistently expressed in the normal endometrium, following a cyclical pattern: ‘apical membrane staining’ in early and mid-proliferative endometrium; ‘purely cytoplasmic staining’ in late proliferative endometrium; and ‘cytoplasmic staining with intraluminal secretions’ in secretory endometrium. Immunostaining patterns in simple and complex hyperplasia were similar to late proliferative endometrium, while atypical hyperplasias and endometrial carcinomas either simulated patterns of proliferative endometrium or lacked MUC1 reactivity. Membranous MUC1 positivity was statistically more frequent in endometrioid carcinomas compared with carcinomas of non-endometrioid type (P = 0.006). Cytoplasmic MUC1 positivity was significantly associated with poor prognosis, while MUC1-negative carcinomas were associated with PR expression and an improved survival (P=0.04). There was no association of MUC1 patterns with bcl-2 and p53 immunoreactivity or with other histopathological variables. Conclusions: Episialin/MUC1 is an integral component of the normal premenopausal endometrium and is probably hormonally regulated. It is frequently expressed in endometrial... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase activity in normal tissues of the uterus and ovary and in benign and malignant lesions of these organs.
- Author
-
Suzuki, M., Usui, N., Furugen, Y., and Mitsuhasi, N.
- Abstract
Background. Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNPase) is identical to the protein, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), which has angiogenic activity. The physiological roles of PyNPase activity in the uterus and ovary are not known. In this study, we measured PyNPase activity in normal tissues of the uterus, ovary, and lymph nodes, and in benign and malignant lesions of these organs, and we considered the clinical implications of PyNPase activity in the uterus and ovary. Methods. Tissue samples were obtained from 163 patients (whose diseases are listed below) during surgery. PyNPase activity was measured spectrophotometrically, by monitoring the formation of 5-fluorouridine. Results. Mean PyNPase activity in tissues from the lesions of patients with cervical cancer ( n = 20), uterine endometrial cancer ( n = 26), leiomyoma ( n = 23), ovarian cancer ( n = 46), ovarian endometriosis ( n = 21), and benign epithelial ovarian tumor ( n = 27) was significantly greater than that in the corresponding normal tissues. The PyNPase activity in the normal endometrium was significantly higher in the secretory phase than in the proliferative phase. The activity in normal or metastatic lymph nodes was significantly greater than that in normal tissues of the uterus and ovary. Mean PyNPase activity in cancerous cervical tissues was significantly greater than that in cancerous endometrial tissues or cancerous ovarian tissues. There were no significant differences in PyNPase activity in cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer tissues according to tumor stage. The enzyme activity appeared to be greater in histopathological G3 grade endometrial cancer than in G1 and G2 endometrial cancer. The enzyme activity in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary was significantly lower than that in serous, endometrioid, and clear cell adenocarcinomas. All patients with cervical squamous cell carcinomas with PyNPase activity greater than 500 nmol/min per mg protein exhibited lymph node metastasis. Conclusion. Increased PyNPase activity consistently reflected neoplastic growth, and varying levels of activity were seen in different histologic cell types. This enzyme activity may be involved in cervical squamous cell carcinomas, in normal and metastatic lymph nodes, and in the normal, secretory phase in the endometrium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Thymidine phosphorylase expression in normal and hyperplastic endometrium.
- Author
-
Sivridis, Efthimios, Giatromanolaki, Alexandra, Koukourakis, Michael I., Bicknell, Roy, Harris, Adrian L., and Gatter, Kevin C.
- Published
- 2000
42. The normal endometrium
- Author
-
Wenxin Zheng, Annie N. Y. Cheung, and T. Yee Khong
- Subjects
Andrology ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Normal endometrium ,business - Published
- 2019
43. Can Nup88 expression be associated with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer? A preliminary study
- Author
-
Shuwen Xu, Jing Ge, Jing Liu, Hong-Zhen Zhang, Xiaoli Liu, Zhen-Long Zhu, Xia Zhang, Xiao-Feng Sun, Yifei Li, and Guiying Fang
- Subjects
Adult ,0301 basic medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Atypical hyperplasia ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia ,Aged ,business.industry ,Endometrial cancer ,Cancer ,Cell Biology ,Middle Aged ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,Endometrial Neoplasms ,Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins ,030104 developmental biology ,Estrogen ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Endometrial Hyperplasia ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,business ,Precancerous Conditions - Abstract
Nup88 is overexpressed in a number of types of carcinomas and is associated with myometrial invasion, but its exact expression pattern in endometrial cancer and premalignant lesions is unknown.To evaluate the role of Nup88 in endometrial cancers and atypical endometrial hyperplasia and its clinicopathological significance.Nup88 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in samples from 104 endometrial cancers, 21 atypical endometrial hyperplasia lesions, and 40 normal endometria. All samples were from patients who underwent surgery at the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Shijiazhuang, China) between April 2006 and December 2009. Nup88 expression was compared between the groups and associations were assessed between Nup88 and clinicopathological characteristics of the subjects.Nup88 expression in cancer (76% of samples) and atypical hyperplasia (91%) was significantly higher compared to normal endometrium (33%, both P0.001), but there was no significant difference between endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia (P=0.237). The expression of Nup88 increased significantly with increasing exposure time to estrogen (P=0.033).Nup88 may be related to the occurrence of endometrial cancers and premalignant lesions. Nup88 might be a useful biomarker for pre-malignant lesions and early-stage endometrial cancer.
- Published
- 2016
44. Preoperative dienogest to improve the surgical field of view in resectoscopic surgery
- Author
-
Yukiko Katagiri, Mamoru Kitamura, Eijiro Hayata, T. Tsuchiya, Mineto Morita, Yusuke Fukuda, and Toshimitsu Maemura
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endometrium ,lcsh:Gynecology and obstetrics ,Menstruation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Endometrial Polyp ,In patient ,lcsh:RG1-991 ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Myoma ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Institutional review board ,submucous myoma ,Surgery ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Dienogest ,chemistry ,dienogest ,resectoscopic surgery ,business - Abstract
Introduction Resectoscopic surgery requires high technological skill to perform the procedure in a limited field of vision. With the preoperative administration of dienogest, a good surgical field of vision can be secured. The lesion and the normal endometrium are easily distinguished, and therefore the removal of normal endometrium can be minimized. Methods Preoperative dienogest was administered to 28 patients with submucosal myomas, 18 patients with endometrial polyps, and one patient with Asherman's syndrome. The patients began taking oral dienogest (2 mg/d) on Day 5 of preoperative menstruation until the day before surgery. Use of dienogest before resectoscopic surgery was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Toho Medical Center Oomori Hospital (Tokyo, Japan; approval number 24-185). Results The duration of oral dienogest treatment was 14–72 days in patients with submucosal myoma and 18–85 days in patients with endometrial polyps. Slight thickening of the endometrium occurred in patients who were administered dienogest for 14 days. However, a thin endometrium occurred in patients who took the drug for 28 days or longer. Submucosal myomas and endometrial polyps were easily distinguished from the normal myometrium. A sufficient intrauterine surgical field was secured to minimize endometrial damage in all patients. Conclusion We found that preoperative dienogest effectively minimized endometrial damage in resectoscopic surgery by thinning the endometrium and clearing the surgical field of vision.
- Published
- 2016
45. Nucleolar organizer regions in the normal, hyperplastic and carcinomatous epithelium of endometrium.
- Author
-
Papadimitiou, Constantine, Athanasiadou, Sophia, Stylianidou, Artemis, and Karameris, Andreas
- Abstract
A silver colloid technique to identify nucleolar organizer region associated protein (AGNORs) has been applied to paraffin sections in a total of 43 endometrial hyperplasias (24 adenomatous and 19 adenocystic) 26 endometrial carcinomas and 22 normal endometria (11 of proliferative and 11 of secretory phase). A morphometric analysis of highly magnified photographic images of AGNORs in light microscopic preparations was performed. Malignant tumor cells showed significantly higher AGNOR numbers, maximum diameter and mean area compared with normal and hyperplastic endometrium, with the exception of adenocystic hyperplasia whose D and mean area were significantly larger. Regarding the distribution pattern of AGNOR dots in the cases studied, it was found that normal and hyperplastic endometrium had a mainly clustered distribution while endometrial adenocarcinomas revealed a scattered one. The significant differences observed in the number of AGNORs, their size and mean area between benign and malignant endometrial epithelia suggest that the AG-NOR staining technique is of diagnostic importance in distinguishing between these two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Establishment and morphologic characterization of normal human endometrium in vitro.
- Author
-
Centola, G., Cisar, M., and Knab, D.
- Abstract
Tissue culture offers a model system with which to study the endocrine-mediated growth, differentiation, and metabolic activities of the endometrium. We have established and continue to maintain monolayer cultures of normal human endometrial epithelial cells from each phase of the menstrual cycle. At present, eight proliferative, two secretory, and two menstrual phase cultures have been established. These have been passed at least three times. One proliferative phase culture has been growing for 18 mo, and passed 10 times. Colonies of epithelioid cells as well as single cells appear in the cultures within 2 to 8 h of initial culture and maintain this appearance throughout long-term growth. The cells are periodic acid Schiff positive for carbohydrates and positive for keratin, an immunochemical marker for epithelial tissues. Studies comparing the ultrastructure of the cultures with fresh endometrial tissue revealed morphologic features common to both, including prominent nucleoli, Golgi, mitochondria-rough endoplasmic reticulum complexes, and abundant glycogen. The cells are not tumorigenic in the nude mouse and do not form colonies on soft agarose, confirming the nonneoplastic identity of the cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Tumoral Necrosis Factor (TNF) mRNA gene expression in relation to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and chemokines mRNA gene expression in tumoral microenvironment of endometrial cancer versus normal endometrium: Preliminary results
- Author
-
Allavena Paola, Hooman Soleymani-Majid, Tozzi Roberto, Paolo Guarnerio, Riccardo Garruto-Campanile, Mauro Felline, Gaetano Valenti, Yael Hants, Giannice Raffaella, and Erreni Marco
- Subjects
Chemokine ,Necrosis ,Endometrial cancer ,VEGF receptors ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Normal endometrium ,medicine.disease ,Vascular endothelial growth factor ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mrna gene expression ,chemistry ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom - Published
- 2018
48. PTEN negative correlates with miR-181a in tumour tissues of non-obese endometrial cancer patients
- Author
-
Nadezhda S. Geletina, Ekaterina V. Babayants, Li Feng, Lyudmila F. Gulyaeva, Vyacheslav S. Kobelev, and Vladimir O. Pustylnyak
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Non obese ,microRNA ,Genetics ,medicine ,PTEN ,Humans ,biology ,Endometrial cancer ,PTEN Phosphohydrolase ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,Normal endometrium ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Endometrial Neoplasms ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Case-Control Studies ,Significant positive correlation ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Female ,Body mass index - Abstract
The effects of microRNAs on PTEN levels are characteristic for many types of cancer. However, the picture of the correlation between the expression levels of PTEN and its targeting microRNAs in endometrial cancer is not fully presented. Our study investigated and analysed the expression levels of PTEN and PTEN-targeting miR-21, miR-181a, miR-214, miR-301a, and miR-1908 in total of 78 samples, out of which 26 samples were from normal endometrium, whereas the 52 samples were from endometrial cancer samples. Our results demonstrated a high variability of individual endometrial cancer samples in the levels of PTEN. The level of miR-181a showed significant increment in endometrial cancer tissues in comparison with normal endometrium. We did not observe any statistically significant correlation between levels of microRNAs and PTEN in a heterogeneous cohort of patients. At the same time, in samples collected from endometrial cancer patients, it was found out that the relationship between PTEN expression and body mass index had significant positive correlation. Moreover, our data demonstrated that the expression of PTEN was significantly decreased, whereas expression of miR-181a was significantly over-expressed in non-obese compared to obese endometrial cancer patients. Additionally, we observed the relationship between PTEN levels and miR-181a related to the cancerous tissues for non-obese patients was established to be negatively correlated. Our findings suggest that decrease of PTEN via increase of miR-181a may be important contributor to endometrial cancer in non-obese patients.
- Published
- 2017
49. Imaging of the Endometrium: Physiologic Changes and Diseases: Women's Imaging
- Author
-
Amit Desai, Shweta Bhatt, and Akshya Gupta
- Subjects
Uterine Diseases ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Normal endometrium ,Endometrium ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Menstruation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Medicine ,Humans ,Women's Health ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Female ,business ,Ultrasonography - Abstract
The normal endometrium has a wide spectrum of appearances according to the patient’s age and phase of menstruation; understanding this variability is essential in differentiating normal entities from pathologic processes that may require further workup.
- Published
- 2017
50. Sonohysterographic measurement of endometrial thickness
- Author
-
Daniel M. Breitkopf, Marianna G. Law, Russell R. Snyder, Shannon L. Hardy, and Sara J. Mucowski
- Subjects
business.industry ,Saline infusion ,Uterus ,Geometry ,ENDOMETRIAL NEOPLASIA ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Normal endometrium ,Endometrium ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Fundus (uterus) ,Transvaginal sonography ,medicine ,Nuclear medicine ,business - Abstract
Aim: To compare the single-layer endometrial thickness (obtained with sonohysterography [SHG]) with double-layer endometrial thickness (obtained with transvaginal sonography) in women without endometrial malignancy. Methods: We retrospectively studied consecutive patients from July 1, 2006, through June 30, 2007, who underwent SHG. The double-layer endometrial thickness was measured on longitudinal images of the uterus in the thickest portion of the fundus before saline infusion. The single-layer endometrial thickness was measured during SHG in the longitudinal-axis view in the thickest fundal portion anteriorly and posteriorly. Results: During the study period, 303 women underwent SHG. Pathology results were available for 128 women. In the 124 women with normal benign endometrium, the mean anterior endometrial thickness was 0.37 cm and the mean posterior endometrial thickness was 0.39 cm. The thickness of the mean anterior endometrium was not significantly different from the mean posterior thickness (P=.12). The difference between the mean double-layer endometrial thickness and the mean sum of single-layer thickness measures (i.e, sum of anterior and posterior layers) was 0.06 cm, even when intracavitary masses were excluded (P
- Published
- 2015
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.