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The demand for efficient applications of solar energy and nanomaterials has grown significantly in recent years due to industrial needs and the desire to minimize energy consumption and costs. However, the efficiency of photovoltaic cells and solar-powered ships is highly dependent on solar radiation. In this study, a model for the installation of a parabolic trough surface collector (PTSC) was developed to achieve high temperatures on solar-powered ships. The current study analyzed the thermal characterization function in solar-powered ships under the effect of heat radiation, magnetic field, and viscous dissipation by employing hybrid magnetite particles (Fe3O4) and silver (Ag). The Cattaneo–Christov model has been used to assess heat flux in the thermal boundary layer. The Galerkin weighted residual method (GWRM) has been employed to solve the ordinary differential equations using MATHEMATICA 11.3 software. The findings showed that the thermal efficiency of the hybrid nanofluid was significantly enhanced by 56.3% relative percentage. The motto of the current investigation is developing a model for the installation of PTSC on solar-powered ships under various provided assumptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is accomplished to explore the pioneering of a two-dimensional ferromagnetic fluid flow over a flat elastic sheet with the magnetic dipole effect. The recent flow design was selected as it is mostly applicable in bioengineering as well as engineering fields that includes magnetic drug targeting systems. In this paper, the impacts of thermal radiation and magnetic dipole in flow of ferromagnetic Sutterby fluid for a stretching surface are examined. Some suitable similarity transformations are exploited to achieve the system of nonlinear ODEs from set of PDEs, then acquired ODEs are resolved by numerical scheme known as bvp4c technique. Impacts of ferromagnetic interaction parameter, viscous dissipation and curie temperature are perceived for velocity as well as temperature fields. Furthermore, velocity as well as thermal gradients are deliberated and scrutinized pictorially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Process of transportation of heat in ferrofluids has innumerable applications in the fields of electronics and automobile industry. By tracing the materials, the ferrofluid got popularity among researchers and engineers, also most ferrofluids are non-Newtonian in nature so here the non-Newtonian fluid is under consideration. In this study, the influences of viscous dissipation and magnetic parameter in the flow of ferromagnetic Carraeu fluid for a stretching surface are examined. Suitable similarity transformations in the system that consists of nonlinear form of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are transformed into a system of nonlinear form of ODEs, then the resulting Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) are resolved by use of a mathematical technique known as bvp4c. Effects of ferromagnetic interaction factor, Curie temperature, viscous dissipation and material parameter are examined for temperature profile as well as velocity fields. Moreover, the variations in velocity and thermal gradients are analyzed and described with the help of graphs. An upsurge in the values of magnetic interaction parameter and Weissenberg number causes a decline in the velocity field while the thermal gradient shows opposite behavior. It is detected that the temperature of Carreau fluid intensifies for larger and  λ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the transient flow and heat transfer of a non-newtonian fluid (Casson fluid) between parallel disks in the presence of an external magnetic field. The bottom disk is considered to be porous and fixed, whereas the upper disk moves down. Also, the influence of the heat source/sink and viscous dissipation is taken into account. The conservative partial differential equations have been transformed into dimensionless ones and are solved semi-analytically using Least Square Method. Besides, applying a numerical solution, the accuracy of analytical results is verified using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. The effects of various physical parameters such as suction/injection, heat source/sink, Prandtl number, magnetic field, slip condition, and Casson fluid parameter on velocity and temperature distribution as well as skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number are examined and discussed. The results have shown that higher values of the Casson fluid parameter decrease the Nusselt number and shear stress. Also, it is observed that the Hartmann number augmentation decreases the heat transfer rate. What is more, it is shown that the intensity of injection/suction affects how streamlines behave against the central vertical axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main idea of this investigation is to introduce an integrated intelligence approach that investigates the chemically reacting flow of non-Newtonian fluid with a backpropagation neural network (LMS-BPNN). The AI-based LMS-BPNN approach is utilized to obtain the optimal solution of an MHD flow of Eyring–Powell over a porous shrinking wedge with a heat source and nonlinear thermal radiation ( R d ). The partial differential equations (PDEs) that define flow problems are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through efficient similarity variables. The reference solution is obtained with the bvp4c function by changing parameters as displayed in Scenarios 1–7. The label data are divided into three portions, i.e., 80% for training, 10% for testing, and 10% for validation. The label data are used to obtain the approximate solution using the activation function in LMS-BPNN within the MATLAB built-in command 'nftool'. The consistency and uniformity of LMS-BPNN are supported by fitness curves based on the MSE, correlation index ( R ), regression analysis, and function fit. The best validation performance of LMS-BPNN is obtained at 462, 369, 642, 542, 215, 209, and 286 epochs with MSE values of 8.67 × 10−10, 1.64 × 10−9, 1.03 × 10−9, 302 9.35 × 10−10, 8.56 × 10−10, 1.08 × 10−9, and 6.97 × 10−10, respectively. It is noted that f ′ (η) , θ (η) , and ϕ (η) satisfy the boundary conditions asymptotically for Scenarios 1–7 with LMS-BPNN. The dual solutions for flow performance outcomes ( C f x , N u x , and S h x ) are investigated with LMS-BPNN. It is concluded that when the magnetohydrodynamics increase ( M = 0.01 ,   0.05 ,   0.1 ), then the solution bifurcates at different critical values, i.e., λ c = − 1.06329 , − 1.097 , − 1.17694 . The stability analysis is conducted using an LMS-BPNN approximation, involving the computation of eigenvalues for the flow problem. The deduction drawn is that the upper (first) branch solution remains stable, while the lower branch solution causes a disturbance in the flow and leads to instability. It is observed that the boundary layer thickness for the lower branch (second) solution is greater than the first solution. A comparison of numerical results and predicted solutions with LMS-BPNN is provided and they are found to be in good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe design of a mineral slurry transportation system is difficult because of the non-Newtonian nature of the flow at high slurry concentrations. The behavior of the slurry depends on many physio-chemical properties such as particle density, particle size distribution (PSD), particle shape, chemical composition, pH etc. This work presents a comparative study between three preferred methods of scale-up of the head loss in larger diameter pipelines, namely Bowen’s Method, rheological method and Wilson’s Method. The performance of each method is validated with the pipe loop test data in a 200 DN pipeline. A high concentration (>50% by weight) iron ore concentrate slurry was used for carrying out the above study. This work would be beneficial for engineers involved in the design and maintenance of the slurry pipelines with respect to the choice of the scale-up methods available for estimation of the head loss for a time independent, homogenous, non-Newtonian particulate slurry for both laminar and turbulent regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe present paper focuses on the computational modeling of the unsteady non-Newtonian electro-magnetohydrodynamic flow of nano-blood through the inclined and tapered saturated porous artery with overlapping stenosis. The Carreau fluid model is adopted to simulate the non-Newtonian behavior of the blood. This study also uses a modified form of Darcy’s law applied to the Carreau model. Blood is doped with a suspension of homogeneous biocompatible nanoparticles of different shapes. In addition, a combination of a magnetic field and an electric field has also been taken into account. The significance of this work rests in the ability to enhance comprehension of the complicated behavior of hemodynamic flow when exposed to external fields and porous media with the addition of nanoparticles, which has substantial implications for the regulation and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The finite-difference method is used to obtain the solution of the resulting equations. The simulations are applicable to targeted magnetic therapy for stenotic artery disease and the delivery of nanomedicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we discuss the increase in Reiner--Philippoff liquid thermal energy and mass transfer through a perpendicular plane in the presence of the magnetizing field. Characterizations regarding mass dissipation and heat energy are improved using non-Fourier's analysis with the existence of a thermal source. Three kinds of nanoparticles, i.e., titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide, are introduced in engine lubricants to create thermal energy. Darcy--Forchheimer analysis is adopted to examine the effects of flow and thermal energy. Furthermore, the Dufour and Soret effects are also discussed. A developing model is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity variables and solved using the finite element method. It is observed that the heat energy of the fluid increased as opposed to a higher rate of time relaxation number. Moreover, the fluid concentration declined as opposed to changes in the Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this computational study, we investigate the gravity and pressure-driven electroosmotic multiphase flow of third-grade fluid through steep microchannel by using the semi-analytical technique. A two-dimensional mathematical model is proposed here for the supercritical bi-phase flow with the suspension of the nanometallic particles. A special type of non-Newtonian fluid (third-grade) is selected as a base fluid. The governing equations for the current flow problem are obtained through Poisson–Boltzmann equations, continuity equations, and Cauchy's momentum equations. The Poisson–Boltzmann equation is simplified by using the Debye–Hückel approximation. The symbolic software MATHEMATICATM is used to obtain the closed-form expression of electric potential, fluid and particle velocities, pressure gradient, and volumetric flow rate, respectively. The computational results are discussed qualitatively under the impact of the physical parameters embedded in the study. The graphical plots of fluid and particle-phase velocities are generated against the different parameters used in this study by adopting the same software as discussed earlier. The electrokinetic forces are responsible for electroosmotic flow which is modeled through the Laplace and Poisson–Boltzmann equations. The externally applied potential and electrical double-layer potential is governed by the Laplace and Poisson–Boltzmann equations, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigates the effects of the Forchheimer term (form drag) and vertical pressure gradient on the buoyancy‐induced instability of power‐law saturating fluid in a porous plane medium. Two isobaric permeable layers are assumed to sandwich the horizontal porous plane. In the meantime, Dirichlet and Neumann equations are the thermal boundary conditions considered for the lower and upper layers. A base flow developed analytically via the governing equations is just in function of the Péclet number P $P$, with no dependence on the characteristic parameter of the power law fluid. A linear stability analysis consists of substituting a base flow with a small perturbation into the governing equations leads to a four‐order eigenvalue problem. An analytical solution is performed for the asymptotic cases of an infinite wavelength. The Runge–Kutta solver is applied together with the shooting technique to evaluate numerical solutions for the general case of nonnegligible wave numbers. Among the findings is the contribution of the Forchheimer term in the variation of the threshold Péclet number whose value can switch the wave numbers from zero to nonzero and increase the stability of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the implementation of the generalized magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) bioconvective aspects of the Walter’s-B fluid flows over a convectively heated stretched sheet in the presence of activation energy and numerous boundary conditions, the non-homogeneous nanofluid flow model is used. Here, the nonlinear differential equations illustrating the current nanofluid flow model of non-Newtonian fluid explicitly include the concentration of both motile microbes and solid nanoparticles. Furthermore, the associated temperature, impact of thermal radiation and the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model are discussed. The similarity transformations are formally displayed to transfer the consequential reduction in the mathematical complexity of the existing physical situation by converting partial differential equations (PDEs) into a nonlinear associated framework of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Furthermore, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) through the MATLAB tool is used to numerically solve the dimensionless similarity equations. The results are extremely well demonstrated. In this manner, the significant engineering procedures are more accurately and entirely estimated before being reported. The results of the fixed physical factors of velocity, temperature, concentration, and microbe concentration profiles are effectively demonstrated through multiple types of illustrations and comprehensive explanations. The principal assumption is that the greater significance of the bioconvection Lewis and Peclet numbers can lead to a drop in the microbe concentration profile. It is observed that the concentration profile is reduced with the greater value of the concentration relaxation parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis article analyses the flow across a moving surface using the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Williamson fluid model in detail, accounting for the effects of diffusion, nonlinear convection, and variable thermal conductivity. The heat transmission within the system is impacted by the changing thermal conductivity, which can also significantly alter the flow behavior. The effects of the moving surface on flow forms in porous media are explained here using the Darcy model. The similarity transformations are used to convert the underlying nonlinear partial differential equations into a collection of ordinary differential equations. The work uses a numerical RK4 technique to examine the complex incompressible fluid flow behavior on a moving surface. The study’s conclusions provide insight into the intricate flow patterns and shear layer forms brought on by the interaction of fluid and surface motion while taking varied thermal conductivity into account. The findings give important information for the design and optimization of engineering applications involving changeable thermal characteristics and advance our understanding of fluid dynamics in geophysical and atmospheric systems. Physical descriptions are used to depict how flow parameters behave in relation to velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractA comparative study was conducted using a well-validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate the effects on heat transfer. The study focused on forced convection internal flow of both base fluid and nanofluid, subjecting them to different boundary conditions. Vibration was applied in the transverse direction to the flow. The simulations were performed with varying Reynolds numbers, volume fractions, vibration frequencies, and amplitudes. In order to improve the predictive capabilities of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for single-phase flow systems, rheological properties dependent on temperature were incorporated. The introduction of transverse vibrations swiftly disrupted the thermal boundary layer, resulting in an axial temperature increase for low Reynolds number flows. Consequently, under constant wall temperature conditions, this led to heightened heat transfer rates. The observed enhancement in heat transfer rate, achieved through variations in volume fraction and particle diameter, aligned with typical behavior exhibited by nanofluids under steady-state flow. However, under vibrational conditions, the heat transfer enhancement surpassed that of the pure liquid significantly. As frequency levels rose, the impact of vibrations diminished, while changes in amplitude exerted a more pronounced influence. The most substantial increase, approximately 540%, was witnessed under vibrational flow conditions compared to steady-state flow. The ratio of the heat transfer coefficient was about 28% higher when the flow was subjected to uniform heat flux but under unsteady-state conditions. However, there was not much growth in the outlet temperature observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shear-thinning fluids have been widely used in microfluidic systems, but their internal flow mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, in this paper, molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the laminar flow of shear-thinning fluid in a microchannel. We validated the feasibility of our simulation method by evaluating the mean square displacement and Reynolds number of the solution layers. The results show that the change rule of the fluid system's velocity profile and interaction energy can reflect the shear-thinning characteristics of the fluids. The velocity profile resembles a top-hat shape, intensifying as the fluid's power law index decreases. The interaction energy between the wall and the fluid decreases gradually with increasing velocity, and a high concentration of non-Newtonian fluid reaches a plateau sooner. Moreover, the velocity profile of the fluid is related to the molecule number density distribution and their values are inversely proportional. By analyzing the radial distribution function, we found that the hydrogen bonds between solute and water molecules weaken with the increase in velocity. This observation offers an explanation for the shear-thinning phenomenon of the non-Newtonian flow from a micro perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis investigation delves into the peristaltic flow characteristics of a Newtonian fluid within a permeable channel, emphasizing the influence of nonlinear curvature and wall properties. The study employs wave trains of varying amplitudes and phases to induce an asymmetric configuration along the channel boundaries. The curvature effects are contingent upon the ratio of channel width to wavelength, and the accuracy of results is maintained up to the second order in δ. To facilitate the derivation of closed-form solutions at higher levels, a domain transformation is executed, converting a channel with a variable cross section into one with a uniform cross section. To impose constraints on parameters and achieve a singular flux in the presence of a specified pressure gradient, a distinctiveness criterion is formulated. This study investigates the interplay of inertia and curvature on pumping and trapping, examining both symmetric and asymmetric channels. The pressure difference escalates with wave number in both channel configurations. Moreover, in the absence of inertial forces and flux, the impact of curvature on the pressure difference demonstrates a direct proportionality. Conversely, an augmentation in the permeability of the porous channel correlates with a reduction in the pressure difference. An intriguing observation arises as phase differences increase: the visibility of the bolus diminishes, and the streamlines become more prominent. This establishes a favorable environment for fluid flow, enhancing our understanding of the intricate dynamics at play in peristaltic flow within permeable channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the numerous practices of non-Newtonian fluids in technological and industrial fields, the attention towards such fluids increases incredibly. The highly nonlinear equations emerge in the modeling of the non-Newtonian fluids. The differential transform method is one of the analytical methods which is used to acquire the solution to these complicated nonlinear equations in the series form. The current analysis comprises the squeeze flow of non-Newtonian fluid in two dimensions. Two infinite parallel plates are considered in which the time-dependent fluid is squeezed. The heat transfer mechanism is deliberated with the significance of heat absorption/generation. The nonlinear setup of ordinary differential equations is acquired by practicing the appropriate similarity variables on the governing equations of the concerned flow mechanism. The nonlinear setup is analytically resolved with the help of an analytical differential transform method. For the authenticity of the differential transform method, the analytical outcomes are compared with the numerical results. Graphical illustrations of fluid temperature and velocity profiles relative to the pertinent parameters are briefly explicated numerically and analytically. The fluid velocity demonstrates the descending behavior and the temperature field exhibits the expanding nature relative to the squeezing parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) between a heavier Newtonian liquid and a lighter thixotropic liquid is studied in this paper by weakly compressible smoothed particles (WC-SPH). It is assumed that the thixotropic liquid obeys the Moore rheological model. First, the developed code is verified against available Newtonian RTI cases. Then, it is applied to thixotropic RTI cases to investigate the effects of the different non-dimensional parameters, including the thixotropic number (destruction-to-rebuild ratio), Reynolds number, Bond number, and Deborah number. It is shown that Bo is the most paramount non-dimensional parameter (i.e., it determines whether the two-phase boundary is stable or unstable), while Re , De , and thixotropic numbers have secondary influences on RTI. Based on the obtained results, the behavior of the thixotropic case is similar to the Newtonian high viscous counterpart at initial times; however, it is different at long times. It is demonstrated that the value of the thixotropic number determines when the transition between the short-time and long-time phenomena occurs. • The effects of thixotropy are investigated on single-mode and multi-mode RTIs by WC-SPH. • By increasing the thixotropic number, the spike position is more advanced. • The threshold for changing the behavior of the thixotropic RTI depends on the thixotropic number. • The impacts of thixotropic behavior appeared sooner for multi-mode RTI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A semi-numeric study is presented to explore the nonlinear, radiative, mixed convective boundary layer flow of non-Newtonian Eyring-Powell fluid (EPF) over a porous stretching wedge in the existence of suction/injection, viscous dissipation, activated energy, and ohmic heating. The governing coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) in the flow regime are transformed into coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) under suitable boundary conditions (BCs). Computations are performed for variations of various pertinent parameters on velocity, temperature distribution, surface drag force, and heat transfer rate number. It is noted that with increasing Eyring Powell parameter velocity increases for stretching parameter greater than free stream velocity, but decreases when wedge stretches slowly than free stream velocity. An increase in the local non-Newtonian fluid parameter decreases velocity when the wedge stretches faster as compared to free stream velocity. However, velocity increases when the wedge stretches faster. Temperature velocity decreases for both cases of wedge stretches faster or slower as the local non-Newtonian fluid parameter increases. Similar behavior is seen in the case of Eyring Powell parameter. Increasing heat generation or absorption decreases the momentum as well as thermal boundary layer thickness. When the suction/injection parameter is enhanced the velocity shows a declines behavior for both the cases of stretching parameter as it increases. Temperature profiles decline as the mass transfer parameter is enhanced for both the case's velocity ratio parameters, respectively. Excellent agreement is achieved with the differential transform method and numerical result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a theoretical framework and computational methods of a thin layer coating of a non-Newtonian polymeric material while it moves through a tiny space among two inverted rollers. Order of magnitude is accustomed to clarify the nondimensional forms of the governing equations. Semi-analytical solutions of pressure gradient, velocity profile and rate of the flow are acquired via optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM). The graphical representation depicts the physical quantities of the effects of velocity profile ratio k and Weissenberg number We. It is observed that by increasing the values of k and We, velocity profile decreases while pressure distribution increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn the present work, the convection heat transfer and pressure drop of the turbulent flow based on a non-Newtonian fluid were numerically investigated in a double-pipe heat exchanger with various porous rings by considering the inner tube under constant heat flux. The solution of 0.1% and 2% mass carboxy methyl cellulose in deionized (DI) water water was used as the base non-Newtonian fluid. The fluid flow and heat transfer in this study were modeled by using the RNG K-ε turbulent viscosity with the enhanced wall treatment. The non-Newtonian power-law method was used in ANSYS Fluent software to resolve the flow within the numerical solution domain in the double pipe. Furthermore, the thermal performance of the heat exchanger, and the effects of the geometry, number, thickness, and height of the porous rings at the various Reynolds numbers were studied. According to the results, using non-Newtonian fluid had a significant effect on the average Nusselt number and pressure drop which were increased by up to 40.1% and 10 times, respectively. The annular tube possessing six porous rings at Re = 4,000 and height = 2 mm, thickness = 6 mm, applying non-Newtonian fluid can improve the efficiency of the system by up to 11.25%. It also found that by increasing the porous thickness, the Nusselt number increased by up to 56.3% at its maximum. The results have demonstrated a satisfactory level of agreement with experimental and correlation data by comparing them with existing data in similar literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary aim of this study was to examine the peristaltic flow of an unsteady non-Newtonian TiO2 nanofluid through a uniformly symmetric channel under the influence of electro-osmosis. The fluid behavior was modeled by the Sutterby model. Furthermore, the flow took place through a porous medium, following a modified form of Darcy’s law. Additionally, the impacts of Dufour and Soret effects, chemical reaction, activation energy, viscous dissipation, heat generation, and thermal radiation were considered. A wave transformation was used to simplify the governing equations describing the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. These simplified equations were then solved analytically using the homotopy perturbation method. Additionally, set figures were employed to illustrate and discuss the impact of the physical parameters involved in the problem on the obtained solutions. It is found that the presence of a modified Darcy’s medium in the Navier–Stokes equation results in a porous term that is dependent on the index of the Sutterby model. Furthermore, it is found that as the thermophoresis parameter increases, the nanoparticles are more concentrated, and their flow from the hot region to the cold region is more effective. Additionally, it is observed that in the presence of thermal radiation, the activation energy and the Brownian motion parameter have similar effects on the concentration profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have generalized, in the current study, the results of research presented earlier with the aim of obtaining an approximate solution for the creeping, plane-parallel flow of viscoplastic non-Newtonian fluid where the focus is on the study of rivulet fluid flows on an inclined surface. Namely, profiles of velocity of flow have been considered to be given in the same form as previously (i.e., Gaussian-like, non-stationary solutions) but with a novel type of pressure field p. The latter has been chosen for solutions correlated explicitly with the critical maximal non-zero level of stress τs in the shared plane layer of rivulet flow, when it begins to move as viscous flow (therefore, we have considered here the purely non-Newtonian case of viscoplastic flow). Correlating phenomena such as the above stem from the equations of motion of viscoplastic non-Newtonian fluid considered along with the continuity equation. We have obtained a governing sub-system of two partial differential equations of the first order for two functions, p and τs. As a result, a set of new semi-analytical solutions are presented and graphically plotted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Sand therapy is a non-pharmacological physiotherapy method that uses the natural environment and resources of Xinjiang to treat through the heat transfer and magnetic effects of sand. OBJECTIVE: Employing the two-phase flow-Casson blood flow model, we investigate the mechanism of atherosclerosis prevention via sand therapy, offering a biomechanical theoretical rationale for the prevention of atherosclerosis through sand therapy via the prism of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). METHODS: Sand therapy experiments were conducted to obtain popliteal artery blood flow velocity, and blood was considered as a two-phase flow composed of plasma and red blood cells, and CFD method was applied to analyze the hemodynamic effects of Casson's blood viscosity model before and after sand therapy. RESULTS: (1) The blood flow velocity increased by 0.24 m/s and 0.04 m/s at peak systolic and diastolic phases, respectively, after sand therapy; the axial velocity of blood vessels increased by 28.56% after sand therapy. (2) The average red blood cell viscosity decreased by 0.00014 Pa ⋅ s after sand therapy. (3) The low wall shear stress increased by 1.09 Pa and the high wall shear stress reached 41.47 Pa after sand therapy. (4) The time-averaged wall shear stress, shear oscillation index and relative retention time were reduced after sand therapy. CONCLUSION: The increase of blood flow velocity after sand therapy can reduce the excessive deposition of cholesterol and other substances, the decrease of erythrocyte viscosity is beneficial to the migration of erythrocytes to the vascular center, the increase of low wall shear stress has a positive effect on the prevention of atherosclerosis, and the decrease of time-averaged wall shear stress, shear oscillation index and relative retention time can reduce the occurrence of thrombosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study focuses on the flow characteristics with geometrical considerations utilizing electrical-conduct Non-Newtonian Fluid. The tubular concentric annulus is the geometry selected for the investigation. The electric-conductive Non-Newtonian Fluid is a character-wise two-constant Bingham model used in this study. The study also utilized geometry, the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect, and the hall current. The employed system had the inner tube spinning and the outer tube stationary. Prandtl's assumptions of boundary layer principles are applied to solve the governing equations using the finite difference method for various fluid flow parameters, the Gauss-Elimination method to compute the results, and the MHD field and geometrical factors with hall current. This paper discusses fluid flow properties such as axial, radial, tangential velocities, and pressure distribution. Further, the mentioned above flow properties impact the heat transfer effect. This research details how flow parameters in the concentric tube flow process affect the development of heat transfer effects in the MHD field and hall current. [Display omitted] • The development of MHD flow and heat transport have been studied computationally. • The impact of Hall current and Magnetic effect on the flow field has been considered. • This work refers to the non-Newtonian fluid as a two-constant yield stress fluid model. • The heat transfer impact has been calculated using the fluid flow properties. • This work has been done using a variety of fluid and geometric factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to simulate a double Co-Flow microfluidic device that can produce double emulsions in both Newtonian (water) and non-Newtonian fluids. The simulation is 2D axisymmetric and involves three phases. A model is evaluated in this study to examine how the size and double emulsion's generation rate are impacted by factors such as phase velocity, viscosities, interfacial tension, and the rheological properties of non-Newtonian fluids. The model predicted the process of emulsification successfully in dripping and jetting regimes and predicted the impacts of phase velocity on the dimension and frequency of compound droplets. Increasing the flow rate of the inner phase causes the inner droplets to grow, while the outer droplet dimensions remain mostly unchanged. Vice versa, an increase in outer phase flow rate reduces compound droplet size. However, when the middle phase's flow rate is enhanced, the size of detached droplets in the inner and outer phases undergoes opposite changes, i.e., decreasing and increasing, respectively. The results showed that in non-Newtonian fluids, smaller droplets are formed compared to water, and the diameter of the double emulsions formed decreases with the rise in the viscosity at zero shear rate of the non-Newtonian fluid. • Double emulsion formation is studied in both Newtonian and non-Newtonian ambient fluids. • By adjusting phase flow rates in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, the double emulsion characteristics can be readily tuned. • The results showed that in non-Newtonian fluids, smaller droplets are formed compared to Newtonian fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steel sheet pile cofferdam are suitable for deep water, mud flat and other complex geological. The stability of steel sheet pile cofferdam during the piling process and working process was studied in this work. The fluid dynamics of the piling process in a mud with different condition was studied through Fluent software and was calculated the dynamic load. The stability of steel sheet pile was evaluated. A method of combining fluid dynamics analysis and solid mechanics analysis to study the stability of piling process was proposed. The stability of cofferdam under external pressure was analyzed by ANSYS software. The results show that dynamic load of non-Newtonian fluid is influenced by the power law index, consistency coefficient and static load, the consistency coefficient is linearly related to the fluid viscosity, the power law index reflects the non-Newtonian nature of the fluid, and different loads will cause the change in fluid viscosity on the other hand. Thus, it is needs to consider the buckling analysis result, the piling time and the piling equipment together to select the appropriate piling force. The critical buckling stress of the cofferdam obtained by the eigenvalue buckling analysis and the non-linear buckling analysis present the closer result. The non-linear buckling analysis takes the non-linearity of the material into account and includes the plastic deformation component, so the critical instability stress is greater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a comparison among the generalized Second Grade fluid flow described by three recently proposed fractional derivatives i.e. Atangana Baleanu fractional derivative in Caputo sense (ABC), Caputo Fabrizio (CF) and Constant Proportional-Caputo hybrid (CPC) fractional derivative. The heat mass transfer is observed during the flow past a vertical porous plate that is accelerated exponentially under the effects of the Magneto hydro dynamics. The effects of the heat generation and exponential heating in the temperature boundary layer and chemical reaction at the concentration boundary layer are also analyzed in this article. The flow model is described by three partial differential equations and the set of non-dimensional PDE's is transformed into ODE's by utilization of the integral transform technique (Laplace transform). For the better understanding of the rheological properties of the Second Grade fluid we used the CF, ABC and CPC operators to describe the memory effects. The analytical exact solution of the problem is obtained in the form of G-functions and Mittag Leffler functions. For the physical significance of flow parameters, different parameters are graphed. From this analysis it is concluded that the CPC is the most suitable operator to describe the memory effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we develop a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) 2D-model for simulating fully submerged granular flows and their arising water waves. The granular particles are characterised by a non-Newtonian flow pattern, following a Casson constitutive law, generalised by applying the infinitesimal strain theory to avoid numerical singularities inherited from the original law. The implementation of this rheological model on the weakly compressible viscous Navier-Stokes equations enables the simultaneous modelling of the motion of granular flows and their resulting water waves, establishing a monolithic representation of fluid-structure coupling. The novelty of this model lies in the numerical continuity of the generalised rheological model based mainly on the yield stress criterion, which is computed purely from the mechanical properties of granular materials, including internal friction, cohesion, and viscosity coefficients. The proposed SPH model is validated through two benchmarks available in the literature, representing a submarine landslide along an inclined plane and an immersed granular column collapse. The outcomes of our study illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in accurately predicting the motions of submerged granular masses and their resulting water waves, which is crucial for accurately predicting the behaviour of underwater landslides and other natural hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanics of bile flow in the biliary system plays an important role in studying bile stasis and gallstone formation. Bile duct stricture is an abnormal phenomenon that refers to the bile duct getting smaller or narrower. The main objective of this study is to study the influence of stricture on bile flow dynamics using numerical methods. We employed a numerical Computational Fluid Dynamics model of the bile flow within a strictured hepatic duct. We studied and compared the influence of stricture severity, stricture length, eccentricity, and bile flow property on the bile flow dynamics. The bile flow velocity, pressure distribution, pressure drop, and wall shear stress are provided in detail. The stricture alters the normal bile flow pattern and increases flow resistance. At the location upstream and downstream of the stricture, bile flow slows down. In the area of the stricture throat, bile flow is accelerated, and recirculation forms behind the stricture. The maximum pressure drop of the biliary system increases with the stricture length. The eccentricity makes the flow deflect away from the duct's centerline. The behavior of the deflected flow is significantly altered downstream of the stricture. Such bile flow behavior as deceleration and recirculation may lead to cholestasis. Stricture alters bile flow in the biliary tract, causing changes in biliary hydrodynamic indexes, which could potentially serve as an omen for gallstone formation and other related diseases. The consideration of the bile duct stricture could lead to better patient stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a pivotal prospective clean energy source, the secure and efficient extraction of natural gas hydrate has emerged as a forefront concern within the global oil drilling industry in recent years. In this study, a self-developed multiphase pump adapted to "gas-liquid-solid" three-phase mixing is used to extract natural gas hydrate slurries which have non-Newtonian characteristics. Prior research on pumps has primarily focused on water, introducing a significant disparity in handling slurries containing hydrates. This paper investigates the hydraulic performance and flow field variations of a multiphase pump using three different concentrations of Herschel-Bulkley non-Newtonian fluids that exhibit rheological properties similar to natural gas hydrate slurries. Additionally, a viscous Newtonian fluid with seawater as the liquid phase medium is studied for comparison. The results show that the shear-thinning properties of the non-Newtonian fluid improve the efficiency of the pump. However, excessive concentration negatively affects the hydraulic properties. The flow field characteristics such as apparent viscosity and turbulent kinetic energy are closely related to the pump structure and fluid properties. Compared with viscous Newtonian fluid, the non-Newtonian fluid's also have a greater effect on the distribution of gas-solid phases. [Display omitted] • Paper analyzes 'gas-liquid-solid' multiphase pump for transporting non-Newtonian fluids in gas hydrate exploitation, using experimental and numerical methods. • Non-Newtonian fluids enhance multiphase pump efficiency but concentrated ones may harm transportation efficiency. • Study compares internal flow in multiphase pump, analyzing viscosity, turbulent energy, and pressure during non-Newtonian and viscous Newtonian fluid transport. • Paper examines multiphase pump's hydraulic performance and internal flow with varying speeds during non-Newtonian fluid transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymer flooding in fractured wells has been extensively applied in oilfields to enhance oil recovery. In contrast to water, polymer solution exhibits non-Newtonian and nonlinear behavior such as effects of shear thinning and shear thickening, polymer convection, diffusion, adsorption retention, inaccessible pore volume and reduced effective permeability. Meanwhile, the flux density and fracture conductivity along the hydraulic fracture are generally non-uniform due to the effects of pressure distribution, formation damage, and proppant breakage. In this paper, we present an oil-water two-phase flow model that captures these complex non-Newtonian and nonlinear behavior, and non-uniform fracture characteristics in fractured polymer flooding. The hydraulic fracture is firstly divided into two parts: high-conductivity fracture near the wellbore and low-conductivity fracture in the far-wellbore section. A hybrid grid system, including perpendicular bisection (PEBI) and Cartesian grid, is applied to discrete the partial differential flow equations, and the local grid refinement method is applied in the near-wellbore region to accurately calculate the pressure distribution and shear rate of polymer solution. The combination of polymer behavior characterizations and numerical flow simulations are applied, resulting in the calculation for the distribution of water saturation, polymer concentration and reservoir pressure. Compared with the polymer flooding well with uniform fracture conductivity, this non-uniform fracture conductivity model exhibits the larger pressure difference, and the shorter bilinear flow period due to the decrease of fracture flow ability in the far-wellbore section. The field case of the fall-off test demonstrates that the proposed method characterizes fracture characteristics more accurately, and yields fracture half-lengths that better match engineering reality, enabling a quantitative segmented characterization of the near-wellbore section with high fracture conductivity and the far-wellbore section with low fracture conductivity. The novelty of this paper is the analysis of pressure performances caused by the fracture dynamics and polymer rheology, as well as an analysis method that derives formation and fracture parameters based on the pressure and its derivative curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) is a rapidly evolving technology that allows for the efficient and accurate construction of complex concrete objects. In this paper, a numerical modelling approach is presented for the simulation of the printing process of cementitious materials, based on the homogeneous fluid assumption. To cope with the large deformations of the domain and the nonlinearity resulting from the use of a non-Newtonian rheological law, the Navier–Stokes equations are solved in the framework of the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM). Furthermore, tailored solutions have been formulated and implemented for the time-dependent moving boundary conditions at the nozzle outlet and for the efficient handling of the inter-layer contact in the same PFEM framework. The overall computational cost is decreased by the implementation of an adaptive de-refinement technique, which drastically reduces the number of degrees of freedom in time. The proposed modelling approach is finally validated by simulating the printing process of six rectilinear layers and one multi-layer "wall". The results show good agreement with the experimental data and provide valuable insights into the printing process, paving the way for the use of numerical modelling tools for the optimization of materials and processes in the field of 3D Concrete Printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn this study, researchers aim to enhance the realism of circulatory system simulations, focusing on factors affecting flow variations, particularly in stenotic arteries of individuals with altered hematocrit levels. Through extensive data collection and varied conditions, the goal is to attain more precise and valid results. The study conducts approximate simulations to comprehensively describe the dynamic motion of pulsatile flow. Different values of inlet velocity (UDF) are introduced, considering potential arterial distortion or occlusion due to plaque deposition, along with variations in hematocrit (Hct) levels commonly observed in patients. Three distinct types of pulsatile blood flow, corresponding to diabetes (Hct 65%), healthy (Hct 45%), and anemia (Hct 25%), are studied and compared. The research illuminates that stenosis in arteries with varying hematocrit levels significantly impacts hydrodynamic features, potentially predisposing individuals to cardiovascular diseases. Through meticulous analysis, several conclusions about hemodynamic characteristics are drawn. It is observed that both velocity and wall shear stress exhibit variation along the affected artery, influenced by stenosis and changes in hematocrit levels. Notably, the highest influence on velocity and wall shear stress is observed with Hct 65%, compared to Hct 45% and Hct 25% at the moment of stenosis. These findings hold substantial practical implications for the field of cardiovascular health, providing valuable insights into blood flow behavior in stenotic arteries with diverse hematocrit levels. Ultimately, this research contributes to more effective clinical interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the study of the existence of trajectory and global attractors in the Kelvin–Voigt fluid model, taking into account memory along the trajectories of fluid motion. For the model under study, the concept of a weak solution on a finite segment and semi-axis is introduced and the existence of their solutions is proved. The necessary exponential estimates for the solutions are established. Then, based on these estimates, the existence of trajectory and global attractors in the problem under study is proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the micro- and the macro-scale to investigate the motion of single grains in a dilute suspension under shear flow and Poiseuille flow to analyze effects like shear-wall migration and rolling of grains as observed in physical experiments. To be able to simulate the behavior of fresh concrete or mud flow, as realistically as possible, we are taking into account a non-Newtonian Bingham–Papanastasiou rheology for the carrier fluid. Due to a surface coupled approach, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) gives the opportunity to consider both, the motion of a solid particle, by tracking its center of mass and also surface points, and the interaction and influence on the near field of the velocity field in the fluid phase. We show an independence of the motion of solid grains from the surrounding carrier fluid. While the macroscopic flow reaches a stationary flow field quite fast, the motion of the solid grains still oscillates between parts of the fluid that flow with different velocities and does not show a stable steady state. Providing a comparison between the motion in a Newtonian and a non-Newtonian fluid, we point out the differences and thus the importance of the choice of the material model for the carrier fluid in numerical simulations. • SPH simulations of suspensions with Newtonian or non-Newtonian carrier fluid. • Detailed analysis of the motion of solid grains in a suspension on different scales. • Focus on the analysis of the near velocity field at the surface of solid grains. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study has been made of the flow of a non-Newtonian polymer medium in a plane channel and of heat transfer in it with boundary conditions of the first kind for small Reynolds numbers and a large Péclet number with the Ellis rheological model with a viscosity dependent on the temperature, pressure, and degree of chemical conversion of the medium. Consideration was given to the flow of a high-viscosity medium with chemical reactions leading to an abrupt increase in its viscosity for whose mathematical description the authors used a model that included the kinetic chemical-reaction equation and the energy equation with a dissipative term. Significant influence of various factors on the formation and rate of growth of the solidified wall layer in such flow has been shown. The problem has been solved numerically by the finite-diff erence method according to the iterative scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn this study, we have conducted an analysis of steady, incompressible, and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Casson fluid flow over a stretching sheet. The primary focus of this research is to investigate the effects of thermal radiation and velocity slip along a stretching sheet. The governing equations for this study are a system of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) that converted to the Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) using similarity transformations. To solve these equations, we have employed the RK–Fehlberg method for solving ordinary differential equations. Governing equations are discretized using the RK–Fehlberg method, and the resulting system of algebraic equations is solved iteratively. These simulations have been conducted under various flow and heat transfer conditions, including variations in the convective number, Prandtl number, and diffusion parameter. The analysis of our results reveals several important findings. Increasing the chemical reaction parameter has been found to reduce the thickness of the concentration boundary layer, while an increase in the Schmidt number leads to an expansion of this boundary layer. These findings are critical for understanding heat transfer in stagnation point flow over a stretching sheet, and they encompass aspects such as temperature distribution, heat transfer rates, boundary layer characteristics, velocity profiles, and the potential for implementing heat transfer enhancement techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The undesirable presence of the gas bubbles negatively affects the expected properties (strength, molding and etc.) of a liquid polymer in some industrial products. Therefore, the development of the degassing methods is becoming an important industrial issue. The vibration is one of the most effective degassing approaches but still little researches have published in order to improve this method characters. The current study has investigated the rheological and thermophysical properties of a non-Newtonian polymer liquid in the bubble removal process to find the optimum properties of vibration. Therefore, a mathematical correlation has attained between the vibration and a non-Newtonian fluid properties. Also, the results show that in a viscoplastic fluid, the vibrational deflation ratio is slightly sensitive to the yield stress and by increasing the fluid surface tension from 0.03 to 0.07 N/m, the vibration bubble-desalination ratio increases by 10.6 times. As well as decreasing the fluid stability index from 0.30 to 0.50 results the increase in the bubbling ratio by 14.47%. However, by increasing the flow index from 0.30 to 0.50, due to the decrease in fluid thinning property, the final bubble velocity decreases by 48.27%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamics of non-Newtonian shear-thinning (carboxymethyl cellulose-CMC solution) droplet splitting with permanent and partial obstructions are experimentally investigated using a high-speed experimental framework in a microfluidic T-junction divergence. Four sequential stages of shear-thinning droplet splitting are found: squeezing, transition, pinch-off, and rupture. The role of various flow and fluid parameters (CMC concentrations, flow ratio, and droplet size) on the splitting dynamics is investigated with the help of flow regime maps. The dynamics of droplet neck thinning and the intriguing phenomenon of satellite droplet formation are further investigated at distinct CMC concentrations. The present study aims to enhance comprehension of the phenomenon of rapid droplet splitting, which has greater outreach in biofluids-based applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper numerically investigates mixed convective heat transfer in a vented square cavity incorporated with a baffle that is subjected to external non‐Newtonian fluids (NNFs). Adiabatic conditions are imposed on the top and bottom walls, while cold temperature conditions are applied to the right and left solid boundaries. Heated NNF enters the cavity through the inlet and goes out through the outlet at three different locations, and it passes on a vertical baffle fixed at the base placed at different lengths. To examine the impact of the inlet and outlet positions, three different shapes of the outlet port located on the right wall and the inlet port on the left bottom wall were investigated. The impacts of Reynolds number (Re) of 100 ≤ Re ≤ 1000, Richardson number (Ri) of 0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 3, power law index (n) of 0.6 ≤ n ≤ 1.4, length of baffle (Lb) of 0.2 ≤ Lb ≤ 0.6 and the outlet hole positions (S) of 0≤S≤0.9 $0\le S\le 0.9$ on the thermal and flow distributions in the cavity are taken into consideration in this paper. The results demonstrated that the flow's intensity and heat transfer increase with improvement in the Re and n at any baffle length. When the Ri increased from 0.1 to 3, Nuavg $N{u}_{\mathrm{avg}}$ increased by 23.3% at n=0.6 $n=0.6$, and 13.8% at n=1.2 $n=1.2$. Also, the Ri increment results in the augmentation of the average heat transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the Cauchy problem for coupled system of Vlasov and non-Newtonian fluid equations. We establish local well-posedness of the strong solutions, provided that the initial data are regular enough. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the flow of a non-Newtonian fluid through a thin three-dimensional domain with an oscillating boundary. Starting from a nonlinear coupled system describing a non-isothermal regime of the flow, we rigorously derive three different effective models, depending on the period of the boundary roughness. We employ a homogenization technique based on the adaption of the unfolding method and deduce the roughness-induced effects on the fluid flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we show that a weak solution for unsteady flows of 3D shear‐thinning fluids is strong under certain integrability assumptions about two components of the vorticity. In particular, if two components of the vorticity belong to the marginal critical space L1(0,T;BMO)$$ {L}^1\left(0,T; BMO\right) $$, then the solution is strong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work at hand studies thin-film flow instabilities in a non-Newtonian second-grade fluid moving over a stretching sheet. The analysis considers the free surface evolution equation of the thin second-grade viscoelastic fluid model based on the long-wave approximation method. We undertook a linear stability analysis using a normal mode approach and obtained expressions for the linear time growth rate, linear phase speed, and critical wavenumber, which illustrates the linear stability structure of the flow system. Furthermore, the multi-scale analysis of the fluid's weakly non-linear stability characteristics reveals the presence of subcritical instability in the linear stability zone. The study shows that the varying flow parameters affect the threshold amplitude, which influences the stable and unstable zones in the subcritical region. The outcomes show a stabilizing effect spanning the range of non-dimensional parameters, such as the second-grade parameter ranging from 0 to 100 in values, the surface tension parameter ranging from 0 to 100 in values, and the modified Froude number from 0 to 100 in values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The coating process is broadly employed in the manufacturing of wallpapers, adhesive tapes, wrapping, protection of fabrics and metals, X-ray and photographic films, beautification, books and magazines, film foils, magnetic records, coated paper, etc. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, an incompressible flow of non-Newtonian fluid is modeled to inspect the rheological behavior of finite coating thickness in the reverse roll coating process. With the assistance of lubrication approximation theory (LAT), the dimensionless form of governing expressions is simplified. Exact solutions for distributions for velocity, flow rate, temperature and pressure gradient attained utilizing perturbation technique and their variation is presented as well as discussed in graphs. Meanwhile, some important factors from an engineering perspective including coating thickness and transition point were calculated mathematically and are displayed in a tabular manner. Also, streamlines are drawn to observe the flow pattern. Findings: Prandtl fluid parameters provide a controlling factor to regulate the flow rate, velocity, coating thickness, and pressure gradient leading to an efficient coating process. Moreover, the Brinkman number and Prandtl fluid parameters significantly improve the temperature distribution. Originality/value: In the literature, this study fills a gap in the theoretical prediction of coating thickness rheologically influenced by Prandtl fluid in reverse roll coating process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to propose a numerical scheme for solving boundary value problems. It is a two-stage, third-order accurate scheme known as a predictorcorrector scheme. The two main results are finding the region of the scheme where it is stable and determining the stability criterion for a set of linearized first-order differential equations. In addition, a mathematical model for heat and mass transfer of Darcy-Forchheimer flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid over the sheet is presented. The similarity transformations reduce PDE into a system of ODE for easier manipulation. The results are compared with the past research and those obtained by MATLAB SOLVER BVP4C. The results show that the velocity profile slightly decays by enhancing the Weisenberg number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a Graphic Processing Units (GPU) implementation of non-Newtonian Hele-Shaw flow that models the displacement of Herschel-Bulkley fluids along narrow eccentric annuli. This flow is characteristic of many long-thin flows that require extensive calculation due to an inherent nonlinearity in the constitutive law. A common method of dealing with such flows is via an augmented Lagrangian algorithm, which is often painfully slow. Here we show that such algorithms, although involving slow iterations, can often be accelerated via parallel implementation on GPUs. Indeed, such algorithms explicitly solve the nonlinear aspects only locally on each mesh cell (or node), which makes them ideal candidates for GPUs. Combined with other advances, the optimized GPU implementation takes ≈ 2.5 % of the time of the original algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The measurement capabilities of a newly developed in‐situ rheometric device based on a single passive acoustic emission sensor and machine learning algorithms were investigated. Two surfactant structured fluids demonstrating complex non‐Newtonian rheology (Power‐law and Herschel‐Bulkley models) were examined. Furthermore, a static evaluation on the laboratory scale in comparison to dynamic processing on the pilot scale was conducted. The results indicate that the machine learning algorithms of this technology can identify, in > 90 % of scenarios, the correct type of rheology or the manufacturing process step across both scales. This identification is based on solving a classification problem using quadratic support vector machine learning algorithms, which have proven to deliver the most robust predictions across a choice of 24 different algorithms tested. Additionally, a new format of in situ rheology display was introduced, referred to as RRF™ factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]