Search

Purpose: To investigate the aerodynamic properties of nebulized droplets from nebulizers for delivery of salbutamol sulfate. Methods: Drug deposits were collected from fast screening impactor (FSI). Parameters of aerosolization such as dryness time and salbutamol sulfate characteristics were determined using chilled FSI at a flow velocity of 15 L/min, with salbutamol sulfate solution nebulized to dryness. An optimized HPLC procedure was used to analyze the deposited salbutamol sulfate across the FSI. Parameters comprising mass balance, FPD and FPF were determined. Results: Statistical analysis showed that the performance of vibrating-mesh was more efficient than that of air-jet device, as depicted in significantly higher values FPF of aerosolized droplets (60 and 40 %, respectively; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The performance of aerosol generation using vibrating-mesh was more superior to that of air-jet nebulizer. However, there is need for further investigations on various physicochemical properties of nebulizer fluid as well as improvement in percentage FPF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The properties of aerosols generated from salbutamol sulfate solution (1 mg/mL) using an air-jet nebulizer were evaluated using Next Generation Impactor (NGI), a full cascade impactor, and Fast Screening Impactor (FSI), an abbreviated impactor measurement (AIM). Both impactors were operated under the same experimental conditions. The samples were recovered and assayed using validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The study investigated AIM-Human Respiratory Tract (HRT) concept by comparing key parameters of aerosolization i.e. fine particle dose (FPD) and fine particle fraction (FPF) measured using FSI, with NGI as baseline. The results showed that FSI yielded different but comparable values for FPD and FPF, indicating that it is alternative impactor to NGI. Despite the fact that FSI could not replace NGI, it may be used as an alternative impactor for simple and rapid aerosol characterization of formulations in some pharmaceutical development and quality control processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemicals have shown potentials in preventing and treating various lung diseases, including asthma and lung cancer. However, their use has been hampered by limitations such as poor water solubility and instability. Nanoformulations, which include organic nanoparticles (e.g. liposomes) and inorganic nanoparticles (e.g. gold/silver nanoparticles) have potential to enhance drug solubility and subsequently increase their absorption and bioavailability. These drug formulations can be administered via various routes such as oral, intravenous, and pulmonary. This review highlights the potential of some phytochemicals in managing lung diseases and discusses the mechanism of actions of these phytochemicals and the impact of using the nanoformulations to deliver phytochemicals, particularly through pulmonary route. While pre-clinical studies have shown promising therapeutic activities of phytochemicals-loaded nanoformulations, further research is required. In conclusion, the application of phytochemicals and nanoformulations as drug delivery systems could be a promising approach to facilitate optimal therapy for lung diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]