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This article presents an overview of the ARC Linkage Project “Archiving Australian Media Arts: Towards a method and a national collection,” which addresses the challenges of preserving digital media artworks that are stored on obsolete media and that require legacy computer environments to access. It lays out the challenges facing digital media arts, articulates the significance of the deposit of local media art organisation archives into the custody of major, jurisdictionally-appropriate cultural institutions, and details the selection of case studies for research from these organisations’ archives and other existing digital media art collections in our partner organisations’ custody. Case studies consist of the ANAT archive (formerly the Australian Network for Art and Technology), floppy disks from the Stan Ostoja-Kotkowski archive, Experimenta Media Art’s exhibition “Virtualities” (1995), dLux media art’s exhibition “Matinaze 97” (1997), and the Griffith University Art Museum’s collection of interactive CD-ROMs. The article reports on progress to date against two of the project’s aims, outlines the collective benefits to partners and to researchers of artworks and other materials from these archives being available, and indicates that access to born digital materials should improve in the near future with digital emulation infrastructure set to be built.

Review of: The Trial of Julian Assange: A Story of Persecution, Nils Melzer and Oliver Kobold (2022) London: Verso Books, 354 pp., ISBN 978-1-83976-622-0, h/bk, AUD 39.99 ISBN 978-1-83976-625-1, US e-book, USD 8.99 ISBN 978-1-83976-624-4, UK e-book, GBP 12.00

The seventh multi-stakeholder Paediatric Strategy Forum focused on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells for children and adolescents with cancer. The development of CAR T-cells for patients with haematological malignancies, especially B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BCP-ALL), has been spectacular. However, currently, there are scientific, clinical and logistical challenges for use of CAR T-cells in BCP-ALL and other paediatric malignancies, particularly in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), lymphomas and solid tumours. The aims of the Forum were to summarise the current landscape of CAR T-cell therapy development in paediatrics, too identify current challenges and future directions, with consideration of other immune effector modalities and ascertain the best strategies to accelerate their development and availability to children. Although the effect is of limited duration in about half of the patients, anti-CD19 CAR T-cells produce high response rates in relapsed/refractory BCP-ALL and this has highlighted previously unknown mechanisms of relapse. CAR T-cell treatment as first- or second-line therapy could also potentially benefit patients whose disease has high-risk features associated with relapse and failure of conventional therapies. Identifying patients with very early and early relapse in whom CAR T-cell therapy may replace haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and be definitive therapy versus those in whom it provides a more effective bridge to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a very high priority. Development of approaches to improve persistence, either by improving T cell fitness or using more humanised/fully humanised products and co-targeting of multiple antigens to prevent antigen escape, could potentially further optimise therapy. Many differences exist between paediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL) and BCP-ALL. In view of the very small patient numbers with relapsed lymphoma, careful prioritisation is needed to evaluate CAR T-cells in children with Burkitt lymphoma, primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma and other NHL subtypes. Combination trials of alternative targets to CD19 (CD20 or CD22) should also be explored as a priority to improve efficacy in this population. Development of CD30 CAR T-cell immunotherapy strategies in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma will likely be most efficiently accomplished by joint paediatric and adult trials. CAR T-cell approaches are early in development for AML and T-ALL, given the unique challenges of successful immunotherapy actualisation in these diseases. At this time, CD33 and CD123 appear to be the most universal targets in AML and CD7 in T-ALL. The results of ongoing or planned first-in-human studies are required to facilitate further understanding. There are promising early results in solid tumours, particularly with GD2 targeting cell therapies in neuroblastoma and central nervous system gliomas that represent significant unmet clinical needs. Further understanding of biology is critical to success. The comparative benefits of autologous versus allogeneic CAR T-cells, T-cells engineered with T cell receptors T-cells engineered with T cell receptor fusion constructs, CAR Natural Killer (NK)-cell products, bispecific T-cell engager antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates require evaluation in paediatric malignancies. Early and proactive academia and multi-company engagement are mandatory to advance cellular immunotherapies in paediatric oncology. Regulatory advice should be sought very early in the design and preparation of clinical trials of innovative medicines, for which regulatory approval may ultimately be sought. Aligning strategic, scientific, regulatory, health technology and funding requirements from the inception of a clinical trial is especially important as these are very expensive therapies. The model for drug development for cell therapy in paediatric oncology could also involve a ‘later stage handoff’ to industry after early development in academic hands. Finally, and very importantly, strategies must evolve to ensure appropriate ease of access for children who need and could potentially benefit from these therapies.

The seventh multi-stakeholder Paediatric Strategy Forum focused on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells for children and adolescents with cancer. The development of CAR T-cells for patients with haematological malignancies, especially B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BCP-ALL), has been spectacular. However, currently, there are scientific, clinical and logistical challenges for use of CAR T-cells in BCP-ALL and other paediatric malignancies, particularly in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), lymphomas and solid tumours. The aims of the Forum were to summarise the current landscape of CAR T-cell therapy development in paediatrics, too identify current challenges and future directions, with consideration of other immune effector modalities and ascertain the best strategies to accelerate their development and availability to children. Although the effect is of limited duration in about half of the patients, anti-CD19 CAR T cells produce high response rates in relapsed/refractory BCP-ALL and this has highlighted previously unknown mechanisms of relapse. CAR T-cell treatment as first-or second-line therapy could also potentially benefit patients whose disease has high-risk features associated with relapse and failure of conventional therapies. Identifying patients with very early and early relapse in whom CAR T-cell therapy may replace haematopoietic stem cell transplanta-tion and be definitive therapy versus those in whom it provides a more effective bridge to hae-matopoietic stem cell transplantation is a very high priority. Development of approaches to improve persistence, either by improving T cell fitness or using more humanised/fully huma-nised products and co-targeting of multiple antigens to prevent antigen escape, could potentially further optimise therapy. Many differences exist between paediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL) and BCP-ALL. In view of the very small patient numbers with relapsed lymphoma, careful prior-itisation is needed to evaluate CAR T-cells in children with Burkitt lymphoma, primary medi-astinal B cell lymphoma and other NHL subtypes. Combination trials of alternative targets to CD19 (CD20 or CD22) should also be explored as a priority to improve efficacy in this pop-ulation. Development of CD30 CAR T-cell immunotherapy strategies in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma will likely be most efficiently accomplished by joint paediatric and adult trials.CAR T-cell approaches are early in development for AML and T-ALL, given the unique challenges of successful immunotherapy actualisation in these diseases. At this time, CD33 and CD123 appear to be the most universal targets in AML and CD7 in T-ALL. The results of ongoing or planned first-in-human studies are required to facilitate further understanding. There are promising early results in solid tumours, particularly with GD2 targeting cell ther-apies in neuroblastoma and central nervous system gliomas that represent significant unmet clinical needs. Further understanding of biology is critical to success.The comparative benefits of autologous versus allogeneic CAR T-cells, T-cells engineered with T cell receptors T-cells engineered with T cell receptor fusion constructs, CAR Natural Killer (NK)-cell products, bispecific T-cell engager antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates require evaluation in paediatric malignancies.Early and proactive academia and multi-company engagement are mandatory to advance cellular immunotherapies in paediatric oncology. Regulatory advice should be sought very early in the design and preparation of clinical trials of innovative medicines, for which regu-latory approval may ultimately be sought. Aligning strategic, scientific, regulatory, health technology and funding requirements from the inception of a clinical trial is especially impor-tant as these are very expensive therapies.The model for drug development for cell therapy in paediatric oncology could also involve a 'later stage handoff' to industry after early development in academic hands. Finally, and very importantly, strategies must evolve to ensure appropriate ease of access for children who need and could potentially benefit from these therapies. 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Historically feature writers occupied a privileged, often protected, position in a newsroom. While news reporters were required to produce copy to a tight deadline, the feature writer had the luxury of time in which to craft a well-researched and argued piece. Today, that is rarely the case. Feature writers are no longer inured from every day newsroom pressures. They’re expected to produce news as well as features, a reality which has contributed to a decline in the quality of longer form journalism. While technology has promoted greater interactivity among writer and audience, or content producer and audience in the case of online features, the focus and scope of features has changed immeasurably.

It is accepted within all levels of sport that the result of a contest must be unimpeachable. As juniors, we learn a game’s skills alongside the morality of never cheating, putting faith in our tal...

In a contested information environment, the phrase ‘fake news’ represents the existential challenge to journalists dealing with an audience losing its faith in what journalism does. The traditional role of the Fourth Estate and the responsibilities to inform and keep those in power accountable, are now constantly undermined by a determined counter-offensive that purports to show ‘truth’ and ‘accuracy’ are pliable concepts in the hands of the mainstream media. Journalism educators have to confront this dilemma head-on and affirm within the classroom the priority of the basic tenets of the job – not just reporting accurately and capturing balance, but committing to a process of verification that shows the rigour behind the best kind of journalism. This embrace of traditional journalism’s foundation skills is at the heart of re-establishing the credibility of the job, initially with students, and then, with the community.

Review of: Journalism and Emotion, Stephen Jukes (2020) London: SAGE, 200 pp., ISBN 978-1-5264-9797-0, p/bk, $76.10 ISBN 978-1-5264-9798-7, ebk, $43.60

This article attempts to begin the process of acknowledging the important historical role that suburban newspapers have played in the Australian print media landscape. It canvasses some reasons for this lack of recognition across the media, including the stigma of a ‘free’ publication. It also identifies the foundations that have shaped the suburban press, and reveals some important, and hitherto unrecognised, collective initiatives that the suburban press undertook to protect their interests. Finally, it raises the prospect that there are significant opportunities for the suburban press to capitalise on the digital era's focus on local news.

The effervescent Listener In weekly radio magazine declared after the first week of the 1931 federal election that Australia was making history. Ardent readers of radio news were told that nowhere, anywhere, had a political leader opened his election campaign with a radio address to the nation. Listener In's enthusiasm was contagious and resilient 79 years later, there is still a hardy view that the use of radio was the distinguishing feature of the 1931 campaign. The reality is somewhat more complicated than that simple observation. It is, however, true to say that the increasing popularity of radio elevated its importance as a potential tool for political leaders at that time. And as such, it is also true that the 1931 campaign was a critical juncture in changing the way politicians used the media.

This article examines continuity and change in post-separation patterns of parenting across a three year time span. We analyse longitudinal data from two recent Australian studies: the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey; and the Caring for Children after Parental Separation (CFC) Project. Mother-residence was found to be the most common and the most stable pattern. Though far less common, father-residence also appeared to be reasonably stable. By contrast, shared care was found to be the most fluid of these three parenting configurations. (author abstract)

A new implementation of the ST20-C2 CPU architecture involves an eight-stage pipeline with hardware support to execute up to three instructions per cycle. The design operates up to 520 MHz at 1.8V, among the highest reported speeds for a synthesized CPU core.

This paper describes a new implementation of the ST20-C2 CPU architecture. The design involves an eight-stage pipeline with hardware support to execute up to three instructions in a cycle. Branch prediction is based on a 2-bit predictor scheme with a 1024-entry Branch History Table and a 64 entry Branch Target Buffer and a 4-entry Return Stack. The implementation of all blocks in the processor was based on synthesized logic generation and automatic place and route. The full design of the CPU from microarchitectural investigations to layout required approximately 8-man years. The CPU core, without the caches, has an area of approximately 1.5 mm2 in a 6-metal 0.18m CMOS process. The design operates up to 520 MHz at 1.8V, among the highest reported speeds for a synthesized CPU core [1].

This paper describes a new implementation of the ST20-C2 CPU architecture. The design involves an eight-stage pipeline with hardware support to execute up to three instructions in a cycle. Branch prediction is based on a 2-bit predictor scheme with a 1024-entry Branch History Table, a 64-entry Branch Target Buffer and a 4-entry Return Stack. The implementation of all blocks in the processor was based on synthesized logic generation and automatic place and route. The full design of the CPU from microarchitectural investigations to layout required approximately 8-man years. The CPU core, without the caches, has an area of approximately 1.5 mm/sup 2/ in a 6-metal 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The design operates up to 520 MHz at 1.8 V, among the highest reported speeds for a synthesized CPU core.

A National Game: The History of Australian Rules Football, by Rob Hess, Matthew Nicholson, Bob Stewart and Gregory de Moore, Melbourne, Viking, 2008, ix + 452 pp., photographs, AUS$49.95 (hbk), ISB...