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Objective: This study aims to examine the Thai public’s awareness and attitude toward the end of life and palliative care. Methods: We surveyed between February and April 2018. The sampling was framed by the Thailand National Statistical Office and used a stratified four-stage sampling. A total of 2,394 adults aged 20 to 80 years who had lived in one of nine provinces across all of Thailand for at least 3 months were interviewed with a questionnaire, which consisted of four parts. Results: Thai culture and tradition were the main barriers to discuss the end of life preparation. Only 43% of the respondents, most of whom were elderly with chronic diseases, had concerned about the end of life. Most elderly respondents preferred to receive end-of-life care at home. Only 24% of respondents knew of palliative care. Most respondents believed that palliative care was provided in public hospitals. Most respondents (92%) were familiar with section 12 of the National Health Act., B.E. 2550, which states that a person has the right to refuse medical treatment; however, most (79%) had never heard of a living will and only 14% had experience of advance care planning. Conclusion: Public awareness on the end of life preparation of Thai people was challenged and limited. The main barriers to concerns about it are attitude and knowledge. Promoting and educating palliative care is necessary as well as improve the availability of palliative care, both institutional and home-based care.

Background: Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4-NQO) are cancer markers that play a crucial role in tumor risk assessment and early cancer diagnosis. Therefore, it is in demand to develop a fast, accurate, simple, and cost-effective method to detect these cancer markers for quick and early stage-cancer diagnosis and treatment., Results: Herein, we report a dual signaling approach for direct and indirect signal transduction of cancer biomarker binding on molecularly imprinted-electrodes integrated on an ePAD, enabling sensitive and selective quantitative analysis of 4-NQO and CEA. Multiple test zones on a single device based on artificial recognition sites using core-shell Cu-MOF@MIP were developed to create a selective "Dual-signal-ePAD". An effective and facile imprinting method on a Cu-MOF surface based on the synthesized of 4-VPBA/MAA/TRIM polymer. It resulted in a novel MIP useable as a high-performance sensing tool for the ultrasensitive and specific quantification of the target cancer biomarkers. Multiple tests consisted of voltammetric analysis of 4-NQO via oxidation of the analyte on a WE 1 , and impedance analysis of CEA via the molecular interaction with the imprinted WE 2 ., Significance: The proposed device provides enhanced electrochemical signal amplification due to its high conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, and the target-specific recognition sites for accurate determination of 4-NQO and CEA targets. The Dual-signal-ePAD exhibits good voltammetric and EIS response, oxidation currents of 4-NQO at -0.06 V and R CT of CEA, resulting in high selectivity and sensitivity with a linear response range covering the concentration range of clinical interest for both analytes. Dual-signal ePAD is a good candidate for clinical screening and POCT., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

We present a novel dual-imprinted electrochemical paper-based analytical device (Di-ePAD) to simultaneously determine 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and assess oxidative and nitrative biomarkers in urine and plasma samples. The Di-ePAD was designed with hydrophobic barrier layers formed on filter paper to provide three-dimensional circular reservoirs and assembled electrodes. The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized using a silica nanosphere decorated with silver nanoparticles (SiO 2 @AgNPs) as a core covered with dual-analyte imprinted sites on the polymer to recognize selectively and bind the target biomarkers. This strategy drives monodispersity and enhances the conductivity of the resulting MIP core-shell products. 3-NT-MIP and 8-OHdG-MIP were synthesized by successively coating the surface of SiO 2 @AgNPs with l-Cysteine via the thiol group, then terminating with MIP shells. The dual imprinted core-shell composites possess attractive properties for the target biomarkers' sensing, including catalytic activity, selectivity, and good conductivity. The Di-ePAD revealed excellent linear dynamic ranges of 0.01-500 μM for 3-NT and 0.05-500 μM for 8-OHdG, with detection limits of 0.0027 μM for 3-NT and 0.0138 μM for 8-OHdG. This newly developed method based on the synergistic effects of SiO 2 @AgNPs combined with promising properties of MIP offers outstanding selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility, simplicity, and low cost for quantitative analysis of 3-NT and 8-OHdG. The proposed Di-ePAD showed good accuracy and precision when applied to actual samples, including urine and serum samples validated by a conventional HPLC method., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)