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3,564 results on '"Negrea A"'

1. Cardiological Monitoring – A Cornerstone for Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated with COVID-19 Outcome: A Case Report and a Review from the Literature

Author

Melit Lorena Elena, Marginean Oana, Fleșeriu Tudor, Negrea Alina, Săsăran Maria Oana, Ghiraghosian-Rusu Simina, Dragomir Andrei Călin, Oiaga Mirela, and Șuteu Carmen

Subjects
pims-ts, echocardiography, systolic disfunction, outcome, child, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS) is a rare life-threatening condition requiring a complex management and multidisciplinary approach, whose outcome depends on the early diagnosis.

Published
2022
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2. THE UNPRECEDENT DISRUPTION OF THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC TO THE ECONOMY AND FOREIGN TRADE OF THE BIHOR COUNTY

Author

NEGREA Adrian, BEKESI Csaba, and MINTAȘ Horia-Octavian

Subjects
coronavirus, pandemic, exports, enterprises, foreign trade, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

The appearance of Coronavirus pandemic in the European Union has led to the state of emergency declaration in almost all countries, with a few Nordic exceptions. This state of emergency has led to the temporary closure of certain economic activities from different branches of the national economies. The consequences of this measure have led to either job losses or sending employees into technical unemployment. Short-term economic forecasts are not at all encouraging for the European economy. Being the main export market for Romanian products and services, the economic means and measures that will be taken for the European economy to recover must be taken and pursued with a close eye on macroeconomic indicators. The present paper wants to point out the negative effects of the European economic shutdown on the Bihor county companies that register foreign trade activities, mainly exports on the European markets. Based on the data provided by AJOFM, the Bihor county employment agency for the following months January, February, March, April, several factors will be analyzed that determined the Bihor county companies with foreign trade activities to temporarily suspend their activity and work contracts for their own employees. One factor analyzed follows the typology of companies that have either reduced their foreign trade activity or have completely suspended their activity, in terms of their size: micro-enterprises, small enterprises, medium-sized enterprises, large enterprises. Another factor taken into consideration follows the number of external contracts that the companies had, that can reveal the number of customers for whom they produced. This factor leads to the following one which analyzes whether there is a temporal difference in the temporary or total activity suspension between enterprises with a single foreign customer compared to those that produce for several customers. The next factor analyzed concerns the period in which companies start asking for help and registering all their employees for technical unemployment or only partially reducing their activity. Certain elements of a financial nature will also be taken into account, which could have prevented the period of temporary or total suspension of activity. Finally, conclusions will be drawn and proposals will be made to prevent such a phenomenon.

Published
2020

5. Mining activity: Environmental impact in the West area of Romania

Author

Muntean Cornelia, Negrea Adina, Duteanu Narcis, Ciopec Mihaela, Negrea Petru, and Grad Oana

Subjects
environment, west area of romania, pollution, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

Pollution is a major problem updated in every corner of the world. The sources of pollution are diverse, from the natural pollution to the anthropogenic pollution. Anthropogenic pollution has a significant impact. Industrial activity, with all its fields, represents one of the most important sources of anthropic pollution. Also, the mining activities can be a source of pollution worth considering. Even if the mining activity has been completed, the possibility of pollution exists. Mining activity is the major source of industrial waste. At present, the mining units can fall into three categories: active mining, where the activity continues; in conservation mining, where the closing and greening program has not yet been applied; closed mining, which are in the Closing and Greening Program. The most affected environmental factors can be the sources of water, soil, but also air.

Published
2019
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6. A Meta Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Call for Increased Ethics, Collaboration, and Rigour

Author

Melissa Bond, Hassan Khosravi, Maarten De Laat, Nina Bergdahl, Violeta Negrea, Emily Oxley, Phuong Pham, Sin Wang Chong, and George Siemens

Abstract

Although the field of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd) has a substantial history as a research domain, never before has the rapid evolution of AI applications in education sparked such prominent public discourse. Given the already rapidly growing AIEd literature base in higher education, now is the time to ensure that the field has a solid research and conceptual grounding. This review of reviews is the first comprehensive meta review to explore the scope and nature of AIEd in higher education (AIHEd) research, by synthesising secondary research (e.g., systematic reviews), indexed in the Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC, EBSCOHost, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect and ACM Digital Library, or captured through snowballing in OpenAlex, ResearchGate and Google Scholar. Reviews were included if they synthesised applications of AI solely in formal higher or continuing education, were published in English between 2018 and July 2023, were journal articles or full conference papers, and if they had a method section. 66 publications were included for data extraction and synthesis in EPPI Reviewer, which were predominantly systematic reviews (66.7%), published by authors from North America (27.3%), conducted in teams (89.4%) in mostly domestic-only collaborations (71.2%). Findings show that these reviews mostly focused on AIHEd generally (47.0%) or Profiling and Prediction (28.8%) as thematic foci, however key findings indicated a predominance of the use of Adaptive Systems and Personalisation in higher education. Research gaps identified suggest a need for greater ethical, methodological, and contextual considerations within future research, alongside interdisciplinary approaches to AIHEd application. Suggestions are provided to guide future primary and secondary research.

Published
2024
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7. q-Overlaps in the Random Exact Cover Problem

Author

Istrate, Gabriel and Negrea, Romeo

Subjects
Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, G.2.1, F.2.2
Abstract

We prove upper and lower bounds for the threshold of the q-overlap-k-Exact cover problem. These results are motivated by the one-step replica symmetry breaking approach of Statistical Physics, and the hope of using an approach based on that of Mezard et al. (2005) to rigorously prove that for some values of the order parameter the overlap distribution of k-Exact Cover has discontinuous support., Comment: In Proceedings FROM 2023, arXiv:2309.12959

Published
2023
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8. Nanostructured transition metal oxides obtained by SPVD

Author

Plăiașu Adriana Gabriela, Ducu Marian Cătălin, Moga Sorin Georgian, Negrea Aurelian Denis, and Modan Ecaterina Magdalena

Subjects
nanostructured transition metal oxide, synthesis, solar energy, characterisation, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Technology (General), T1-995, Manufactures, TS1-2301
Abstract

The interest in the unique properties associated with materials having structures on a nanometer scale has been increasing at an exponential rate in last decade. Transition metal oxides are preferred materials for catalytic applications due to their half-filled d orbitals that make them exist in different oxidation states. Transition metal oxides show a broad structural variety due to their ability to form phases of varying metal to oxygen ratios reflecting multiple stable oxidation states of the metal ions. The Solar Physical Vapor Deposition (SPVD) presented in the paper as elaboration method is an original process to prepare nanopowders working under concentrated sunlight in 2 kW solar furnaces. The influence of the synthesis parameters on the chemical and microstructural characteristics of zinc and manganese oxides synthesized nanophases has been systematically studied using XRD, SEM and EDX.

Published
2020
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9. Epitaxial Ferroelectric Thin Films: Potential for New Applications

Author

Chirila, Cristina, primary, G. Boni, Andra, additional, D. Filip, Lucian, additional, Botea, Mihaela, additional, Popescu, Dana, additional, Stancu, Viorica, additional, Trupina, Lucian, additional, Hrib, Luminita, additional, Negrea Ioana Pintilie, Raluca, additional, and Pintilie, Lucian, additional

Published
2024
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10. COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS EVOLUTION AND ITS SUSTAINABILITY AT REGIONAL LEVEL

Author

Negrea Adrian and Giurgiu Adriana

Subjects
current account, sustainability, exports, imports, Romania, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

The balance of payments stands for both good and bad impact on the economy as a whole. If the country registers a current account deficit, than the result will highlight more imports than exports. If the country runs a current account surplus, than it exports more than it imports. Both cases are unfavourable for that countries economy, because it creates headaches for all the decision makers. This current paper analyses only the first part of the balance of payments, and that is the problem of a current account deficit. For a better understanding of the analyzed phenomenon, the paper will carry out a comparative analysis of the results achieved by Romania and other member countries of the European Union. For this analysis the next countries were chosen: Bulgaria, Poland and Hungary. This was done for a parallel analysis of data recorded in the current account. Representative data was taken from the Eurostat and the annual reports of the central banks of each analyzed country. After this, based on the data above, the paper highlights Roubini (1998) elements in calculating the current account sustainability. It takes into account several elements that lead to a sustainable balance of the current account deficit. Among them the author lists: foreign reserves calculated in months of imports; the share of exports in GDP, expressed as a percentage; openness degree of the economy expressed as a percentage; public external debt relative to exports; the ability to attract foreign direct investment. All this research is needed in order to express as accurately as it can be done, the sustainability degree of current account deficit. Based on this, the paper will asses which country has the most sustainable current account, and what measures are suited if not. The conclusions will be made strictly regarding sustainability points, and some potential future measures will be highlighted in order to improve the current status.

Published
2015

11. TERMS OF TRADE EVOLUTION, CAUSES AND EFFECTS: CASE STUDY ROMANIA

Author

Negrea Adrian

Subjects
terms of trade, efficiency, production, commodities, price, economic development, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

Terms of trade are meant to show the ratio by which a country is different in the level and dynamics of revenues from the exchange made by different categories of products on the external markets. The level of recorded revenues from the commercialization of products and services varies from country to country, and there is rarely a mutually beneficial exchange situation from these operations. Trade efficiency analysis lies in the determination of the terms of trade. In the current paper, international developments are analyzed based on net terms of trade index used by UNCTAD. Statistical data are provided by the World Bank, where export and import price index and the volume of imports and exports by countries were considered. The classification of the countries has been done according to the geographical orientation and based on the purchasing power parity, thus creating two tables, the first table highlighting seven regions, and the second table with seven categories of states including OPEC and non-OPEC members. The terms of trade evolution are influenced by certain important factors in the production process of goods and services. Some of these factors are mentioned: labour productivity; changes in commodity prices; yet, only the last factor is examined in this paper. Based on World Bank commodity price data, the evolution of major energy inputs such as crude oil, gas, coal, and major industrial raw materials such as aluminium, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, silver, gold, platinum and iron was analysed and interpreted. For Romania, the data on terms of trade evolution shows a dramatic situation. If terms of trade development presented a cyclical evolution, the economy as a whole would send an optimistic message. In contrast, the data presented in the following paper will show that our country has registered continuous depreciation of the terms of trade ratio, with a direct impact on external trade balance deficits, a rising external debt and a declining purchasing power for the population. The conclusions address some of the remedies that our country needs in order to improve.

Published
2014

12. Research Related to an Optimized Design of a Simple Potentiometric Method for Real-Time Monitoring and Detecting the Human Physiological Posture

Author

Constantin, Anghel, Badea, Cristian Radu, Ancuta, Paul-Nicolae, Atanasescu, Anca Irinel, Badea, Florentina, Badea, Sorin Ionut, Negrea, Catalin Stefan, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, and Cioboată, Daniela Doina, editor

Published
2024
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13. Research on Mechanical Characteristics of 3D-Printed PEEK Material-Based Lattice Structures for Vertebral Implants

Author

Păcurar, Răzvan, Negrea, Diana, Sabău, Emilia, Comşa, Dan Sorin, Borzan, Cristina, Vitkovic, Nikola, Rybarczyk, Justyna, Păcurar, Ancuţa, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Tolio, Tullio A. M., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Schmitt, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Gorski, Filip, editor, Păcurar, Răzvan, editor, Roca González, Joaquín F., editor, and Rychlik, Michał, editor

Published
2024
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14. Design of Customized Shoe Soles Using Lattice Structures Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing

Author

Ulerich, Oliver, Cananau, Sorin, Prisecaru, Delia Alexandra, Mărgăritescu, Mihai, Negrea, Catalin-Stefan, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Burduk, Anna, editor, Batako, Andre D. L., editor, Machado, José, editor, Wyczółkowski, Ryszrad, editor, Dostatni, Ewa, editor, and Rojek, Izabela, editor

Published
2024
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15. Towards Improved Assistive Inertial Positioning Solutions by Using Finely Tuned Wavelet Functions

Author

Adochiei, Ioana-Raluca, Grigorie, Teodor Lucian, Adochiei, Felix-Constantin, Negrea, Petre, Cristian, Vidan, Jula, Nicolae, Magjarević, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Sontea, Victor, editor, Tiginyanu, Ion, editor, and Railean, Serghei, editor

Published
2024
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17. Concept Algebra for (Score-Based) Text-Controlled Generative Models

Author

Wang, Zihao, Gui, Lin, Negrea, Jeffrey, and Veitch, Victor

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

This paper concerns the structure of learned representations in text-guided generative models, focusing on score-based models. A key property of such models is that they can compose disparate concepts in a `disentangled' manner. This suggests these models have internal representations that encode concepts in a `disentangled' manner. Here, we focus on the idea that concepts are encoded as subspaces of some representation space. We formalize what this means, show there's a natural choice for the representation, and develop a simple method for identifying the part of the representation corresponding to a given concept. In particular, this allows us to manipulate the concepts expressed by the model through algebraic manipulation of the representation. We demonstrate the idea with examples using Stable Diffusion. Code in https://github.com/zihao12/concept-algebra-code

Published
2023

18. The monitoring of mineral elements content in fruit purchased in supermarkets and food markets from Timisoara, Romania

Author

Heghedűş-Mîndru Ramona Cristina, Heghedűş-Mîndru Gabriel, Negera Petru, Şumălan Radu, Negrea Adina, and Ştef Ducu

Subjects
human health, principal component analysis, atomic absorption spectrometery, fruits, mineral elements, Agriculture, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

This study aimed at evaluating various fruit samples using atomic absorption spectrometry method, the content in mineral elements, macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and microelements (Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Cd , Pb, Zn, Co and Ni). Fruit samples were taken from supermarkets (imported products) and agricultural markets (domestic products) in the city of Timisoara, Romania. The results obtained by chemical analysis were evaluated statistically based on method of main components analyzed. Major influence in the group had evidence if macroelements potassium and sodium, iron and manganese where microelements. The results were compared with results obtained by other researchers in the world. The results fall within the legal limits set by law.

Published
2014

19. CONCEPTS AND METODOLOGIES REGARDING THE IMPROVEMENT OF ROMANIAN FOREIGN TRADE (II)

Author

Negrea Adrian

Subjects
sustainable development, Hirschman concentration index, terms of trade, degree of trade openness, elasticity coefficient, combined nomenclature, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to emphasize the possible engines that can boost Romanian foreign trade from a chronic deficit to a more balanced one. In the beginning, we present the main theories and models that tackle the subject. In this matter, the paper starts with the analysis of neo-factors, Porter, the gravitational model, the input-output model, and the terms of trade in order to see the historic thought of trade model development. Following these models, a more mathematical approach is made, using a thorough analysis at the product level. All the computations are based on the combined nomenclature with its XXII classes, being the most exact determinant of traded goods. The paper uses statistic indexes as: Hirschman concentration index, elasticity coefficient, the degree of trade openness, in order to determine the specialization effect of the Romanian classes for a period of twenty one years, starting in 1991 and ending in 2012. This is the point where former, current and future specialized engines of potential trade growth can be established. It is crucial for a country to determine its potential in an open international arena, in order to take the necessary steps to encourage or discourage productive or non-productive areas of certain industry branches. Based on the results and on the previous methodology, a mix of theory with solid mathematical analyses, gives the opportunity to draw up different sets of sustainable development formulas in order to obtain a higher concentration ratio regarding several classes from the combined nomenclature. For Romania to obtain higher gains from international trade, a more sustainable integration in the European Union, it has to stop its chronic balance of trade deficit. Looking at and analysing the potential development of a combined nomenclature class or classes will help improving Romania’s chronic deficit, offering a long term prospective of sustainable development, reducing its foreign debt, improving its balance of trade accounts, and transforming its import driven economy to a more competitive export oriented economy. Achieving these standards can ensure Romania’s future growth and accession to a more privileged seat in the European Union and in the international arena.

Published
2013

22. THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIHOR â€' HAJDU-BIHAR COUNTIES BASED ON THEIR NATURAL RESOURCES

Author

Negrea Adrian

Subjects
development, cooperation, thermal water, foreign direct investments, socio-economical impact, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

Situated on the border line between Romania and Hungary, Bihor – Hajdu-Bihar counties are blessed with all natural types of terrain. There are mountains in the West, thermal water almost everywhere, caves and underground rivers that can be exploited for economic use. In this paper, the main subject focuses on developing the counties into an international tourist attraction, based on their natural resources. Being able to extract thermal water that is rich in numerous minerals that the human body can absorb, it can offer these counties an important competitive advantage. With age, comes a great deal of expenses in order to keep your body young. Having this natural resource, Bihor – Hajdu-Bihar counties can project its goals on the development of future spas, which can attract tourists as well as investors. The methodology focuses first on identifying those areas that are rich in these thermal waters. Then, there will be presented a sketch of the ideal tourist profile for this type of activity. Then, based on the ideal tourist profile, there will be a selection of countries were these potential tourists live. If the county desires to adopt this plan, there will be extensive structural modifications on all economical and educational sectors in order to obtain maximum performances. The selection of future potential investors will be crucial for the future activities of the county. If the main objective will be the construction of spas, there will be an increase demand for qualified medical staff. This knowledge can be attained only in medical universities. The courses of a medical university can be followed only by those persons that have a bio-chemistry high school profile. If the investments will be made in this sector, the number of students of the medical university and of local high schools will have to increase exponentially. The tourists that will come will have to benefit from a treatment based on different products. The strategy should include attracting those investors that produce goods designed for body enrichment, and not to import these products from abroad. All these strategies that include investors, the education system, city halls, politicians and fiscal stimulus, can and will lead to a success story.

Published
2012

24. SUSTENABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROMANIAN ECONOMY BY ADOPTING THE CHINESE MODEL OF SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES

Author

NEGREA Adrian

Subjects
special economic zones, counties, external trade, economic impact, foreign direct investment, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

The architecture of the Chinese economy began to take shape in the late 1980's, because of the new reforms that the Chinese Communist Party started to take. With the death of Mao Zedong in 1976, the Chinese leadership is taken by Deng Xiaoping, who stated a blitz course in capitalism. The new president encouraged foreign direct investments by creating special economic zones near the costal cities, were foreign companies obtained several tax brakes and other incentives, only to invest in those regions. With the help of statistical data from WTO, IMF, and the World Bank, the current paper analyzes the impact of these special economic zones on the Chinese economy, raging from mutations in the labor market and economic sectors structure and their evolution in the formation of the GDP, FDI inflows, and last but not least external trade and current account situation. On the other hand, the paper tries to make a connection with Romania, computing and predicting, based on the Chinese figures, the way in which the Romanian economy, by creating four economic zones within the counties of Satu Mare, Bihor, Arad, and Constanta, will be able to experience the same growth. The first three counties have been piked up based on their proximity to the Schengen area, and/or on their infrastructure, plain terrain, and a qualified and skilled labour force. Constanta, the only one that resembles with its Chinese counterparts, has been considered because of its capabilities of shipping products right away as they are manufactured. The results would decrease the disparity that exists in revenue levels across Romania, Bucharest leading the group way ahead of the other counties. Foreign direct investments in those areas will attract more others made by the local authorities in the infrastructure (schools, universities, roads, airports, high speed railways). This development will have a direct impact on the current account of the Romania's balance sheet of payments, while its external trade deficit will reduce in time, even transforming in a trade surplus, and helping this way in putting an end to the chronically external debt.

Published
2011

25. THE DANGER OF PUTING ALL THE EGGS IN ONE BASKET. SOME CONCERNS REGARDING ROMANIA'S EXTERNAL TRADE

Author

NEGREA Adrian

Subjects
free trade agreements, custom union, Romania's trade relations, imports, exports, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

Trade patterns across the globe vary in certain ways. For the EU27, the analyzed data suggests that approximately 70% of all Romania's imports, and the same amount of its exports, are intra-community oriented. The question that arises is what will happen to te Romania's external trade, if a crisis hits Europe? If countries like Germany, France, Italy, and United Kingdom are hit the hardest in this hypothetical European crisis, Romania will soon follow them. In order to decrease the impact of such possibility, it is necessary to tap new trade opportunities. For this purpose, first we have to analyze the present situation. Based on Eurostat, World Trade Organization, and the Romanian Statistics Institute data from 1999 to 2009, and on the works about trade creation (Balassa 1965, Jovanovic 2005, Molle 2006), the paper wants to point out the aspects of trade concentration in certain regions after the establishment of free trade agreements, and the danger posed by financial crises. This paper analyzes first the situation in the EU27, scanning each member state in order to see the degree of trade relations intra / extra EU. The data will be than compared to another set of analyzes of other four important regions, the Andean Community, ASEAN, MERCOSUR, and NAFTA, whose free trade agreements could support such of comparison with the EU trade relations. The paper follows the assumption that EU27 has the most integrated trade relations among all the analyzed regions. Based on this assumption and on statistical data that points out the percentage change of total imports and exports in the Romanian GDP, some conclusions will be drown out in order to establish some necessary measures to prevent a future crisis, measures that involve the political class, taping new trade opportunities such as Latin American countries, Middle Eastern countries, and South-East Asia, but not forgetting Russia, Romania's former main export partner, establishing clear objectives to future embassy personnel, and a more aggressive advertising campaign in the selected target markets conducted by national agencies.

Published
2011

26. THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS SUSTAINABILITY AND THE EUROZONE ACCESSION CONVERGENCE CRITERIA

Author

NEGREA Adrian and HATEGAN D.B. Anca

Subjects
balance of payments, sustainability, Euro area, convergence criteria, foreign direct investments, portfolio investments, external operations, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

The main purpose of the balance of payments (BoP) is identified as representing the long term need of equilibrium and stability of the international payments and revenues. The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that influence the balance of payments of a certain country, by using a rigorous classification that reveals the complexity of these factors. Our conclusions are very relevant, especially for countries like Romania, because, in order to achieve the external equilibrium, it seems that every county must adopt a mix of internal economic policies, and although theoretically this can be realised, sometimes in practice it can prove to be impossible on account of inability or refusing to combine the appropriate economic policies.

Published
2010

27. THE CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT AND THE FIXED EXCHANGE RATE. ADJUSTING MECHANISMS AND MODELS.

Author

HATEGAN D.B. Anca and NEGREA Adrian

Subjects
current account, trade deficit, trade surplus, absorption, elasticity, the Keynesian multiplier model of national income, fixed and floating exchange rate., Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

The main purpose of the paper is to explain what measures can be taken in order to fix the trade deficit, and the pressure that is upon a country by imposing such measures. The international and the national supply and demand conditions change rapidly, and if a country doesn’t succeed in keeping a tight control over its deficit, a lot of factors will affect its wellbeing. In order to reduce the external trade deficit, the government needs to resort to several techniques. The desired result is to have a balanced current account, and therefore, the government is free to use measures such as fixing its exchange rate, reducing government spending etc. We have shown that all these measures will have a certain impact upon an economy, by allowing its exports to thrive and eliminate the danger from excessive imports, or vice-versa. The main conclusion our paper is that government intervention is allowed in order to maintain the balance of the current account.

Published
2010

28. Tuning Stochastic Gradient Algorithms for Statistical Inference via Large-Sample Asymptotics

Author

Negrea, Jeffrey, Yang, Jun, Feng, Haoyue, Roy, Daniel M., and Huggins, Jonathan H.

Subjects
Statistics - Computation, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Methodology, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

The tuning of stochastic gradient algorithms (SGAs) for optimization and sampling is often based on heuristics and trial-and-error rather than generalizable theory. We address this theory--practice gap by characterizing the large-sample statistical asymptotics of SGAs via a joint step-size--sample-size scaling limit. We show that iterate averaging with a large fixed step size is robust to the choice of tuning parameters and asymptotically has covariance proportional to that of the MLE sampling distribution. We also prove a Bernstein--von Mises-like theorem to guide tuning, including for generalized posteriors that are robust to model misspecification. Numerical experiments validate our results and recommendations in realistic finite-sample regimes. Our work lays the foundation for a systematic analysis of other stochastic gradient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for a wide range of models., Comment: 42 pgs

Published
2022

29. Synthesis of Some Eco-Friendly Materials for Gold Recovery

Author

Theodora Babău, Mihaela Ciopec, Narcis Duteanu, Adina Negrea, Petru Negrea, Nicoleta Sorina Nemeş, Bogdan Pascu, Maria Mihăilescu, and Catalin Ianasi

Subjects
gold, adsorption, recovery, amino acids, cellulose, chitosan, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop new materials with adsorbent properties that can be used for the adsorption recovery of Au(III) from aqueous solutions. To achieve this result, it is necessary to obtain inexpensive adsorbent materials in a granular form. Concomitantly, these materials must have a high adsorption capacity and selectivity. Other desired properties of these materials include a higher physical resistance, insolubility in water, and materials that can be regenerated or reused. Among the methods applied for the separation, purification, and preconcentration of platinum-group metal ions, adsorption is recognised as one of the most promising methods because of its simplicity, high efficiency, and wide availability. The studies were carried out using three supports: cellulose (CE), chitosan (Chi), and diatomea earth (Diat). These supports were functionalised by impregnation with extractants, using the ultrasound method. The extractants are environmentally friendly and relatively cheap amino acids, which contain in their structure pendant groups with nitrogen and sulphur heteroatoms (aspartic acid—Asp, l-glutamic acid—Glu, valine—Val, DL-cysteine—Cys, or serine—Ser). After preliminary testing from 75 synthesised materials, CE-Cys was chosen for the further recovery of Au(III) ions from aqueous solutions. To highlight the morphology and the functionalisation of the material, we physicochemically characterised the obtained material. Therefore, the analysis of the specific surface and porosity showed that the CE-Cys material has a specific surface of 4.6 m2/g, with a porosity of about 3 nm. The FT-IR analysis showed the presence, at a wavelength of 3340 cm−1, of the specific NH bond vibration for cysteine. At the same time, pHpZc was determined to be 2.8. The kinetic, thermodynamic, and equilibrium studies showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model best describes the adsorption process of Au(III) ions on the CE-Cys material. A maximum adsorption capacity of 12.18 mg per gram of the adsorbent material was achieved. It was established that the CE-Cys material can be reused five times with a good recovery degree.

Published
2024
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31. Proton-neutron pairing and binding energies of nuclei close to N=Z line

Author

Negrea, D., Sandulescu, N., and Gambacurta, D.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We analyse the contribution of isovector and isoscalar proton-neutron pairing to the binding energies of even-even nuclei with $N-Z=0,2,4$ and atomic mass $20 < A <100$. The binding energies are calculated in the mean-field approach by coupling a Skyrme-type functional to an isovector-isoscalar pairing force of zero range. The latter is treated in the framework of quartet condensation model (QCM), which conserves exactly the particle number and the isospin. The interdependence of pairing and deformation is taken into account by performing self-consistent Skyrme-HF+QCM calculations in the intrinsic system. It is shown that the binding energies are not changing much when the isoscalar pairing is switched on. This fact is related to the off-diagonal matrix elements of the pairing force, which is less attractive for the isoscalar force, and to the competition between the isoscalar and isovector pairing channels., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021
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32. Minimax Optimal Quantile and Semi-Adversarial Regret via Root-Logarithmic Regularizers

Author

Negrea, Jeffrey, Bilodeau, Blair, Campolongo, Nicolò, Orabona, Francesco, and Roy, Daniel M.

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Quantile (and, more generally, KL) regret bounds, such as those achieved by NormalHedge (Chaudhuri, Freund, and Hsu 2009) and its variants, relax the goal of competing against the best individual expert to only competing against a majority of experts on adversarial data. More recently, the semi-adversarial paradigm (Bilodeau, Negrea, and Roy 2020) provides an alternative relaxation of adversarial online learning by considering data that may be neither fully adversarial nor stochastic (i.i.d.). We achieve the minimax optimal regret in both paradigms using FTRL with separate, novel, root-logarithmic regularizers, both of which can be interpreted as yielding variants of NormalHedge. We extend existing KL regret upper bounds, which hold uniformly over target distributions, to possibly uncountable expert classes with arbitrary priors; provide the first full-information lower bounds for quantile regret on finite expert classes (which are tight); and provide an adaptively minimax optimal algorithm for the semi-adversarial paradigm that adapts to the true, unknown constraint faster, leading to uniformly improved regret bounds over existing methods., Comment: 30 pages, 2 figures. Jeffrey Negrea and Blair Bilodeau are equal-contribution authors. Updated citations

Published
2021

33. POLICIES AND STRATEGIES ENVIRONMENTAL LEVEL OF NATIONAL ENTERPRISES

Author

Negrea Alexandru and Ioana Maria GHIDIU BITA

Subjects
environmental strategies, competitiveness, environmental management, quality standards, Agriculture
Abstract

More and more enterprises (company) have become aware of the fact that they have to take into consideration dealing with the impacts of their activities on the environment. This is why the creation of an efficient and functional system for environmental management becomes a priority. Such a system would serve to minimize the impact upon the environment. In this paper I tried to identify steps to implement the environmental management system and In this paper I tried to identify steps to implement the environmental management system and I followed their application to one of the largest enterprises in our country - Chemical combines Azomures.

Published
2012

36. Global ionospheric response to a periodic sequence of HSS/CIR events during the 2007-2008 solar minimum

Author

Negrea, Catalin, Munteanu, Costel, and Echim, Marius Mihai

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

In this study, we investigate the global ionospheric impact of high-speed solar wind streams/corotating interaction regions (HSS/CIR). A series of ten such events are identified between December 1st 2007 and April 29th 2008, characterized in the frequency domain by the main spectral peaks corresponding to 27, 13.5, 9 and 6.75 days. The spectra of solar wind magnetic field, speed and proton density, as well as those of the geomagnetic indices AE and SYM-H are solely dominated by these features. By contrast, the ionospheric NmF2 and to a lesser extent the hmF2 spectra have a much more complex structure, with secondary peaks adding to or replacing the main ones. We argue that this is evidence of the nonlinear nature of the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, highlighted particularly in the NmF2 ionospheric response. Additionally, we show that hmF2 is more closely correlated than NmF2 to all parameters describing the solar wind and geomagnetic activity. Finally, the ionospheric response shows higher correlation with Bz than any other solar wind parameter, and higher with SYM-H than AE, indicating that for the low-frequency part of the spectrum, high-latitude Joule heating and particle precipitation play a secondary role to that of prompt penetration electric fields in dictating the ionospheric response to geomagnetic activity, in the case of this sequence of HSS/CIR events.

Published
2021
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37. A Review: Uses of Chitosan in Pharmaceutical Forms

Author

Frenț, Olimpia Daniela, Vicaș, Laura, Jurca, Tunde, Ciocan, Stefania, Duteanu, Narcis, Pallag, Annamaria, Muresan, Mariana, Marian, Eleonora, Negrea, Adina, Micle, Otilia, Pedersen, Stine Helene Falsig, Editor-in-Chief, Barber, Diane L., Series Editor, Cordat, Emmanuelle, Series Editor, Kajimura, Mayumi, Series Editor, Leipziger, Jens G., Series Editor, O'Donnell, Martha E., Series Editor, Pardo, Luis A., Series Editor, Schmitt, Nicole, Series Editor, and Stock, Christian, Series Editor

Published
2023
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38. Decision Support Systems for Integrated Land Management and Transport Infrastructure in Support of Climate Change Mitigation and Pandemic

Author

Vișan, Maria, Negrea, Sorin Lenus, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Dzitac, Simona, editor, Dzitac, Domnica, editor, Filip, Florin Gheorghe, editor, Manolescu, Misu-Jan, editor, and Oros, Horea, editor

Published
2023
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39. ACEs, Education and Space: The Relationship of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Education Across California Counties

Author

Negrea, Norbert

Subjects
Education, Public health, Education policy, ACE, California, education, space
Abstract

When considering issues of education in the United States of America, the vantage point to understanding inequity in education outcomes changes when the scope of an issue is seen from a systemic perspective compared to individual perspective. Research in public health suggests that childhood adversity is often experienced as a serious threat to a child’s physical or psychological sense of safety and wellbeing. In order to investigate childhood adversity and education over space, theoretical applications and methods focusing on more macro level systemic vantage points were selected for the current study. Addressing the need for more nuanced research on the relationship between ACEs, space and educational outcomes in secondary schools in California, the proposed study contributes by providing a complex database of expanded ACEs definitions, the creation of an ACE composite variable and then linking them to the educational outcomes of public high school students across California’s 58 counties. The primary techniques utilized in analysis focused on geospatial analysis and linear regression. The constructed ACE composite variable was especially suited to the proposed study given that it was explicitly designed to explore the magnitude of accumulated ACE exposure over a geographic area. Results of the study painted a complex relationship between ACEs, space and education, with particularly interesting findings surrounding the difference between more rural/suburban counties compared to their urban counterparts, including important regional differences between north/central counties and southern counties. Implications on how California can follow suit of other states in the nation to standardize, organize and disseminate statewide ACE data and what kind of policy is feasible within the state to combat the negative population effects of ACE exposure on education outcomes are provided.

Published
2024

41. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial

Author

Judge, PK, Staplin, N, Mayne, KJ, Wanner, C, Green, JB, Hauske, SJ, Emberson, JR, Preiss, D, Ng, SYA, Roddick, AJ, Sammons, E, Zhu, D, Hill, M, Stevens, W, Wallendszus, K, Brenner, S, Cheung, AK, Liu, ZH, Li, J, Hooi, LS, Liu, WJ, Kadowaki, T, Nangaku, M, Levin, A, Cherney, D, Maggioni, AP, Pontremoli, R, Deo, R, Goto, S, Rossello, X, Tuttle, KR, Steubl, D, Massey, D, Landray, MJ, Baigent, C, Haynes, R, Herrington, WG, Abat, S, Abd Rahman, R, Abdul Cader, R, Abdul Hafidz, MI, Abdul Wahab, MZ, Abdullah, NK, Abdul-Samad, T, Abe, M, Abraham, N, Acheampong, S, Achiri, P, Acosta, JA, Adeleke, A, Adell, V, Adewuyi-Dalton, R, Adnan, N, Africano, A, Agharazii, M, Aguilar, F, Aguilera, A, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, MK, Ahmad, NA, Ahmad, NH, Ahmad, NI, Ahmad Miswan, N, Ahmad Rosdi, H, Ahmed, I, Ahmed, S, Aiello, J, Aitken, A, AitSadi, R, Aker, S, Akimoto, S, Akinfolarin, A, Akram, S, Alberici, F, Albert, C, Aldrich, L, Alegata, M, Alexander, L, Alfaress, S, Alhadj Ali, M, Ali, A, Alicic, R, Aliu, A, Almaraz, R, Almasarwah, R, Almeida, J, Aloisi, A, Al-Rabadi, L, Alscher, D, Alvarez, P, Al-Zeer, B, Amat, M, Ambrose, C, Ammar, H, An, Y, Andriaccio, L, Ansu, K, Apostolidi, A, Arai, N, Araki, H, Araki, S, Arbi, A, Arechiga, O, Armstrong, S, Arnold, T, Aronoff, S, Arriaga, W, Arroyo, J, Arteaga, D, Asahara, S, Asai, A, Asai, N, Asano, S, Asawa, M, Asmee, MF, Aucella, F, Augustin, M, Avery, A, Awad, A, Awang, IY, Awazawa, M, Axler, A, Ayub, W, Azhari, Z, Baccaro, R, Badin, C, Bagwell, B, Bahlmann-Kroll, E, Bahtar, AZ, Bains, D, Bajaj, H, Baker, R, Baldini, E, Banas, B, Banerjee, D, Banno, S, Bansal, S, Barberi, S, Barnes, S, Barnini, C, Barot, C, Barrett, K, Barrios, R, Bartolomei Mecatti, B, Barton, I, Barton, J, Basily, W, Bavanandan, S, Baxter, A, Becker, L, Beddhu, S, Beige, J, Beigh, S, Bell, S, Benck, U, Beneat, A, Bennett, A, Bennett, D, Benyon, S, Berdeprado, J, Bergler, T, Bergner, A, Berry, M, Bevilacqua, M, Bhairoo, J, Bhandari, S, Bhandary, N, Bhatt, A, Bhattarai, M, Bhavsar, M, Bian, W, Bianchini, F, Bianco, S, Bilous, R, Bilton, J, Bilucaglia, D, Bird, C, Birudaraju, D, Biscoveanu, M, Blake, C, Bleakley, N, Bocchicchia, K, Bodine, S, Bodington, R, Boedecker, S, Bolduc, M, Bolton, S, Bond, C, Boreky, F, Boren, K, Bouchi, R, Bough, L, Bovan, D, Bowler, C, Bowman, L, Brar, N, Braun, C, Breach, A, Breitenfeldt, M, Brettschneider, B, Brewer, A, Brewer, G, Brindle, V, Brioni, E, Brown, C, Brown, H, Brown, L, Brown, R, Brown, S, Browne, D, Bruce, K, Brueckmann, M, Brunskill, N, Bryant, M, Brzoska, M, Bu, Y, Buckman, C, Budoff, M, Bullen, M, Burke, A, Burnette, S, Burston, C, Busch, M, Bushnell, J, Butler, S, Büttner, C, Byrne, C, Caamano, A, Cadorna, J, Cafiero, C, Cagle, M, Cai, J, Calabrese, K, Calvi, C, Camilleri, B, Camp, S, Campbell, D, Campbell, R, Cao, H, Capelli, I, Caple, M, Caplin, B, Cardone, A, Carle, J, Carnall, V, Caroppo, M, Carr, S, Carraro, G, Carson, M, Casares, P, Castillo, C, Castro, C, Caudill, B, Cejka, V, Ceseri, M, Cham, L, Chamberlain, A, Chambers, J, Chan, CBT, Chan, JYM, Chan, YC, Chang, E, Chant, T, Chavagnon, T, Chellamuthu, P, Chen, F, Chen, J, Chen, P, Chen, TM, Chen, Y, Cheng, C, Cheng, H, Cheng, MC, Ching, CH, Chitalia, N, Choksi, R, Chukwu, C, Chung, K, Cianciolo, G, Cipressa, L, Clark, S, Clarke, H, Clarke, R, Clarke, S, Cleveland, B, Cole, E, Coles, H, Condurache, L, Connor, A, Convery, K, Cooper, A, Cooper, N, Cooper, Z, Cooperman, L, Cosgrove, L, Coutts, P, Cowley, A, Craik, R, Cui, G, Cummins, T, Dahl, N, Dai, H, Dajani, L, D'Amelio, A, Damian, E, Damianik, K, Danel, L, Daniels, C, Daniels, T, Darbeau, S, Darius, H, Dasgupta, T, Davies, J, Davies, L, Davis, A, Davis, J, Davis, L, Dayanandan, R, Dayi, S, Dayrell, R, De Nicola, L, Debnath, S, Deeb, W, Degenhardt, S, DeGoursey, K, Delaney, M, DeRaad, R, Derebail, V, Dev, D, Devaux, M, Dhall, P, Dhillon, G, Dienes, J, Dobre, M, Doctolero, E, Dodds, V, Domingo, D, Donaldson, D, Donaldson, P, Donhauser, C, Donley, V, Dorestin, S, Dorey, S, Doulton, T, Draganova, D, Draxlbauer, K, Driver, F, Du, H, Dube, F, Duck, T, Dugal, T, Dugas, J, Dukka, H, Dumann, H, Durham, W, Dursch, M, Dykas, R, Easow, R, Eckrich, E, Eden, G, Edmerson, E, Edwards, H, Ee, LW, Eguchi, J, Ehrl, Y, Eichstadt, K, Eid, W, Eilerman, B, Ejima, Y, Eldon, H, Ellam, T, Elliott, L, Ellison, R, Emberson, J, Epp, R, Er, A, Espino-Obrero, M, Estcourt, S, Estienne, L, Evans, G, Evans, J, Evans, S, Fabbri, G, Fajardo-Moser, M, Falcone, C, Fani, F, Faria-Shayler, P, Farnia, F, Farrugia, D, Fechter, M, Fellowes, D, Feng, F, Fernandez, J, Ferraro, P, Field, A, Fikry, S, Finch, J, Finn, H, Fioretto, P, Fish, R, Fleischer, A, Fleming-Brown, D, Fletcher, L, Flora, R, Foellinger, C, Foligno, N, Forest, S, Forghani, Z, Forsyth, K, Fottrell-Gould, D, Fox, P, Frankel, A, Fraser, D, Frazier, R, Frederick, K, Freking, N, French, H, Froment, A, Fuchs, B, Fuessl, L, Fujii, H, Fujimoto, A, Fujita, A, Fujita, K, Fujita, Y, Fukagawa, M, Fukao, Y, Fukasawa, A, Fuller, T, Funayama, T, Fung, E, Furukawa, M, Furukawa, Y, Furusho, M, Gabel, S, Gaidu, J, Gaiser, S, Gallo, K, Galloway, C, Gambaro, G, Gan, CC, Gangemi, C, Gao, M, Garcia, K, Garcia, M, Garofalo, C, Garrity, M, Garza, A, Gasko, S, Gavrila, M, Gebeyehu, B, Geddes, A, Gentile, G, George, A, George, J, Gesualdo, L, Ghalli, F, Ghanem, A, Ghate, T, Ghavampour, S, Ghazi, A, Gherman, A, Giebeln-Hudnell, U, Gill, B, Gillham, S, Girakossyan, I, Girndt, M, Giuffrida, A, Glenwright, M, Glider, T, Gloria, R, Glowski, D, Goh, BL, Goh, CB, Gohda, T, Goldenberg, R, Goldfaden, R, Goldsmith, C, Golson, B, Gonce, V, Gong, Q, Goodenough, B, Goodwin, N, Goonasekera, M, Gordon, A, Gordon, J, Gore, A, Goto, H, Gowen, D, Grace, A, Graham, J, Grandaliano, G, Gray, M, Greene, T, Greenwood, G, Grewal, B, Grifa, R, Griffin, D, Griffin, S, Grimmer, P, Grobovaite, E, Grotjahn, S, Guerini, A, Guest, C, Gunda, S, Guo, B, Guo, Q, Haack, S, Haase, M, Haaser, K, Habuki, K, Hadley, A, Hagan, S, Hagge, S, Haller, H, Ham, S, Hamal, S, Hamamoto, Y, Hamano, N, Hamm, M, Hanburry, A, Haneda, M, Hanf, C, Hanif, W, Hansen, J, Hanson, L, Hantel, S, Haraguchi, T, Harding, E, Harding, T, Hardy, C, Hartner, C, Harun, Z, Harvill, L, Hasan, A, Hase, H, Hasegawa, F, Hasegawa, T, Hashimoto, A, Hashimoto, C, Hashimoto, M, Hashimoto, S, Haskett, S, Hawfield, A, Hayami, T, Hayashi, M, Hayashi, S, Hazara, A, Healy, C, Hecktman, J, Heine, G, Henderson, H, Henschel, R, Hepditch, A, Herfurth, K, Hernandez, G, Hernandez Pena, A, Hernandez-Cassis, C, Herzog, C, Hewins, S, Hewitt, D, Hichkad, L, Higashi, S, Higuchi, C, Hill, C, Hill, L, Himeno, T, Hing, A, Hirakawa, Y, Hirata, K, Hirota, Y, Hisatake, T, Hitchcock, S, Hodakowski, A, Hodge, W, Hogan, R, Hohenstatt, U, Hohenstein, B, Hooi, L, Hope, S, Hopley, M, Horikawa, S, Hosein, D, Hosooka, T, Hou, L, Hou, W, Howie, L, Howson, A, Hozak, M, Htet, Z, Hu, X, Hu, Y, Huang, J, Huda, N, Hudig, L, Hudson, A, Hugo, C, Hull, R, Hume, L, Hundei, W, Hunt, N, Hunter, A, Hurley, S, Hurst, A, Hutchinson, C, Hyo, T, Ibrahim, FH, Ibrahim, S, Ihana, N, Ikeda, T, Imai, A, Imamine, R, Inamori, A, Inazawa, H, Ingell, J, Inomata, K, Inukai, Y, Ioka, M, Irtiza-Ali, A, Isakova, T, Isari, W, Iselt, M, Ishiguro, A, Ishihara, K, Ishikawa, T, Ishimoto, T, Ishizuka, K, Ismail, R, Itano, S, Ito, H, Ito, K, Ito, M, Ito, Y, Iwagaitsu, S, Iwaita, Y, Iwakura, T, Iwamoto, M, Iwasa, M, Iwasaki, H, Iwasaki, S, Izumi, K, Izumi, T, Jaafar, SM, Jackson, C, Jackson, Y, Jafari, G, Jahangiriesmaili, M, Jain, N, Jansson, K, Jasim, H, Jeffers, L, Jenkins, A, Jesky, M, Jesus-Silva, J, Jeyarajah, D, Jiang, Y, Jiao, X, Jimenez, G, Jin, B, Jin, Q, Jochims, J, Johns, B, Johnson, C, Johnson, T, Jolly, S, Jones, L, Jones, S, Jones, T, Jones, V, Joseph, M, Joshi, S, Judge, P, Junejo, N, Junus, S, Kachele, M, Kadoya, H, Kaga, H, Kai, H, Kajio, H, Kaluza-Schilling, W, Kamaruzaman, L, Kamarzarian, A, Kamimura, Y, Kamiya, H, Kamundi, C, Kan, T, Kanaguchi, Y, Kanazawa, A, Kanda, E, Kanegae, S, Kaneko, K, Kang, HY, Kano, T, Karim, M, Karounos, D, Karsan, W, Kasagi, R, Kashihara, N, Katagiri, H, Katanosaka, A, Katayama, A, Katayama, M, Katiman, E, Kato, K, Kato, M, Kato, N, Kato, S, Kato, T, Kato, Y, Katsuda, Y, Katsuno, T, Kaufeld, J, Kavak, Y, Kawai, I, Kawai, M, Kawase, A, Kawashima, S, Kazory, A, Kearney, J, Keith, B, Kellett, J, Kelley, S, Kershaw, M, Ketteler, M, Khai, Q, Khairullah, Q, Khandwala, H, Khoo, KKL, Khwaja, A, Kidokoro, K, Kielstein, J, Kihara, M, Kimber, C, Kimura, S, Kinashi, H, Kingston, H, Kinomura, M, Kinsella-Perks, E, Kitagawa, M, Kitajima, M, Kitamura, S, Kiyosue, A, Kiyota, M, Klauser, F, Klausmann, G, Kmietschak, W, Knapp, K, Knight, C, Knoppe, A, Knott, C, Kobayashi, M, Kobayashi, R, Kobayashi, T, Koch, M, Kodama, S, Kodani, N, Kogure, E, Koizumi, M, Kojima, H, Kojo, T, Kolhe, N, Komaba, H, Komiya, T, Komori, H, Kon, SP, Kondo, M, Kong, W, Konishi, M, Kono, K, Koshino, M, Kosugi, T, Kothapalli, B, Kozlowski, T, Kraemer, B, Kraemer-Guth, A, Krappe, J, Kraus, D, Kriatselis, C, Krieger, C, Krish, P, Kruger, B, Ku Md Razi, KR, Kuan, Y, Kubota, S, Kuhn, S, Kumar, P, Kume, S, Kummer, I, Kumuji, R, Küpper, A, Kuramae, T, Kurian, L, Kuribayashi, C, Kurien, R, Kuroda, E, Kurose, T, Kutschat, A, Kuwabara, N, Kuwata, H, La Manna, G, Lacey, M, Lafferty, K, LaFleur, P, Lai, V, Laity, E, Lambert, A, Langlois, M, Latif, F, Latore, E, Laundy, E, Laurienti, D, Lawson, A, Lay, M, Leal, I, Lee, AK, Lee, J, Lee, KQ, Lee, R, Lee, SA, Lee, YY, Lee-Barkey, Y, Leonard, N, Leoncini, G, Leong, CM, Lerario, S, Leslie, A, Lewington, A, Li, N, Li, X, Li, Y, Liberti, L, Liberti, ME, Liew, A, Liew, YF, Lilavivat, U, Lim, SK, Lim, YS, Limon, E, Lin, H, Lioudaki, E, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, L, Liu, Q, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Loader, D, Lochhead, H, Loh, CL, Lorimer, A, Loudermilk, L, Loutan, J, Low, CK, Low, CL, Low, YM, Lozon, Z, Lu, Y, Lucci, D, Ludwig, U, Luker, N, Lund, D, Lustig, R, Lyle, S, Macdonald, C, MacDougall, I, Machicado, R, MacLean, D, Macleod, P, Madera, A, Madore, F, Maeda, K, Maegawa, H, Maeno, S, Mafham, M, Magee, J, Mah, DY, Mahabadi, V, Maiguma, M, Makita, Y, Makos, G, Manco, L, Mangiacapra, R, Manley, J, Mann, P, Mano, S, Marcotte, G, Maris, J, Mark, P, Markau, S, Markovic, M, Marshall, C, Martin, M, Martinez, C, Martinez, S, Martins, G, Maruyama, K, Maruyama, S, Marx, K, Maselli, A, Masengu, A, Maskill, A, Masumoto, S, Masutani, K, Matsumoto, M, Matsunaga, T, Matsuoka, N, Matsushita, M, Matthews, M, Matthias, S, Matvienko, E, Maurer, M, Maxwell, P, Mazlan, N, Mazlan, SA, Mbuyisa, A, McCafferty, K, McCarroll, F, McCarthy, T, McClary-Wright, C, McCray, K, McDermott, P, McDonald, C, McDougall, R, McHaffie, E, McIntosh, K, McKinley, T, McLaughlin, S, McLean, N, McNeil, L, Measor, A, Meek, J, Mehta, A, Mehta, R, Melandri, M, Mené, P, Meng, T, Menne, J, Merritt, K, Merscher, S, Meshykhi, C, Messa, P, Messinger, L, Miftari, N, Miller, R, Miller, Y, Miller-Hodges, E, Minatoguchi, M, Miners, M, Minutolo, R, Mita, T, Miura, Y, Miyaji, M, Miyamoto, S, Miyatsuka, T, Miyazaki, M, Miyazawa, I, Mizumachi, R, Mizuno, M, Moffat, S, Mohamad Nor, FS, Mohamad Zaini, SN, Mohamed Affandi, FA, Mohandas, C, Mohd, R, Mohd Fauzi, NA, Mohd Sharif, NH, Mohd Yusoff, Y, Moist, L, Moncada, A, Montasser, M, Moon, A, Moran, C, Morgan, N, Moriarty, J, Morig, G, Morinaga, H, Morino, K, Morisaki, T, Morishita, Y, Morlok, S, Morris, A, Morris, F, Mostafa, S, Mostefai, Y, Motegi, M, Motherwell, N, Motta, D, Mottl, A, Moys, R, Mozaffari, S, Muir, J, Mulhern, J, Mulligan, S, Munakata, Y, Murakami, C, Murakoshi, M, Murawska, A, Murphy, K, Murphy, L, Murray, S, Murtagh, H, Musa, MA, Mushahar, L, Mustafa, R, Mustafar, R, Muto, M, Nadar, E, Nagano, R, Nagasawa, T, Nagashima, E, Nagasu, H, Nagelberg, S, Nair, H, Nakagawa, Y, Nakahara, M, Nakamura, J, Nakamura, R, Nakamura, T, Nakaoka, M, Nakashima, E, Nakata, J, Nakata, M, Nakatani, S, Nakatsuka, A, Nakayama, Y, Nakhoul, G, Naverrete, G, Navivala, A, Nazeer, I, Negrea, L, Nethaji, C, Newman, E, Ng, TJ, Ngu, LLS, 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42. Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial

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Staplin, N, Haynes, R, Judge, PK, Wanner, C, Green, JB, Emberson, J, Preiss, D, Mayne, KJ, Ng, SYA, Sammons, E, Zhu, D, Hill, M, Stevens, W, Wallendszus, K, Brenner, S, Cheung, AK, Liu, ZH, Li, J, Hooi, LS, Liu, WJ, Kadowaki, T, Nangaku, M, Levin, A, Cherney, D, Maggioni, AP, Pontremoli, R, Deo, R, Goto, S, Rossello, X, Tuttle, KR, Steubl, D, Petrini, M, Seidi, S, Landray, MJ, Baigent, C, Herrington, WG, Abat, S, Abd Rahman, R, Abdul Cader, R, Abdul Hafidz, MI, Abdul Wahab, MZ, Abdullah, NK, Abdul-Samad, T, Abe, M, Abraham, N, Acheampong, S, Achiri, P, Acosta, JA, Adeleke, A, Adell, V, Adewuyi-Dalton, R, Adnan, N, Africano, A, Agharazii, M, Aguilar, F, Aguilera, A, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, MK, Ahmad, NA, Ahmad, NH, Ahmad, NI, Ahmad Miswan, N, Ahmad Rosdi, H, Ahmed, I, Ahmed, S, Aiello, J, Aitken, A, AitSadi, R, Aker, S, Akimoto, S, Akinfolarin, A, Akram, S, Alberici, F, Albert, C, Aldrich, L, Alegata, M, Alexander, L, Alfaress, S, Alhadj Ali, M, Ali, A, Alicic, R, Aliu, A, Almaraz, R, 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W, Bianchini, F, Bianco, S, Bilous, R, Bilton, J, Bilucaglia, D, Bird, C, Birudaraju, D, Biscoveanu, M, Blake, C, Bleakley, N, Bocchicchia, K, Bodine, S, Bodington, R, Boedecker, S, Bolduc, M, Bolton, S, Bond, C, Boreky, F, Boren, K, Bouchi, R, Bough, L, Bovan, D, Bowler, C, Bowman, L, Brar, N, Braun, C, Breach, A, Breitenfeldt, M, Brettschneider, B, Brewer, A, Brewer, G, Brindle, V, Brioni, E, Brown, C, Brown, H, Brown, L, Brown, R, Brown, S, Browne, D, Bruce, K, Brueckmann, M, Brunskill, N, Bryant, M, Brzoska, M, Bu, Y, Buckman, C, Budoff, M, Bullen, M, Burke, A, Burnette, S, Burston, C, Busch, M, Bushnell, J, Butler, S, Büttner, C, Byrne, C, Caamano, A, Cadorna, J, Cafiero, C, Cagle, M, Cai, J, Calabrese, K, Calvi, C, Camilleri, B, Camp, S, Campbell, D, Campbell, R, Cao, H, Capelli, I, Caple, M, Caplin, B, Cardone, A, Carle, J, Carnall, V, Caroppo, M, Carr, S, Carraro, G, Carson, M, Casares, P, Castillo, C, Castro, C, Caudill, B, Cejka, V, Ceseri, M, Cham, L, Chamberlain, A, 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Y, Furusho, M, Gabel, S, Gaidu, J, Gaiser, S, Gallo, K, Galloway, C, Gambaro, G, Gan, CC, Gangemi, C, Gao, M, Garcia, K, Garcia, M, Garofalo, C, Garrity, M, Garza, A, Gasko, S, Gavrila, M, Gebeyehu, B, Geddes, A, Gentile, G, George, A, George, J, Gesualdo, L, Ghalli, F, Ghanem, A, Ghate, T, Ghavampour, S, Ghazi, A, Gherman, A, Giebeln-Hudnell, U, Gill, B, Gillham, S, Girakossyan, I, Girndt, M, Giuffrida, A, Glenwright, M, Glider, T, Gloria, R, Glowski, D, Goh, BL, Goh, CB, Gohda, T, Goldenberg, R, Goldfaden, R, Goldsmith, C, Golson, B, Gonce, V, Gong, Q, Goodenough, B, Goodwin, N, Goonasekera, M, Gordon, A, Gordon, J, Gore, A, Goto, H, Gowen, D, Grace, A, Graham, J, Grandaliano, G, Gray, M, Greene, T, Greenwood, G, Grewal, B, Grifa, R, Griffin, D, Griffin, S, Grimmer, P, Grobovaite, E, Grotjahn, S, Guerini, A, Guest, C, Gunda, S, Guo, B, Guo, Q, Haack, S, Haase, M, Haaser, K, Habuki, K, Hadley, A, Hagan, S, Hagge, S, Haller, H, Ham, S, Hamal, S, Hamamoto, Y, Hamano, N, Hamm, M, 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Ibrahim, FH, Ibrahim, S, Ihana, N, Ikeda, T, Imai, A, Imamine, R, Inamori, A, Inazawa, H, Ingell, J, Inomata, K, Inukai, Y, Ioka, M, Irtiza-Ali, A, Isakova, T, Isari, W, Iselt, M, Ishiguro, A, Ishihara, K, Ishikawa, T, Ishimoto, T, Ishizuka, K, Ismail, R, Itano, S, Ito, H, Ito, K, Ito, M, Ito, Y, Iwagaitsu, S, Iwaita, Y, Iwakura, T, Iwamoto, M, Iwasa, M, Iwasaki, H, Iwasaki, S, Izumi, K, Izumi, T, Jaafar, SM, Jackson, C, Jackson, Y, Jafari, G, Jahangiriesmaili, M, Jain, N, Jansson, K, Jasim, H, Jeffers, L, Jenkins, A, Jesky, M, Jesus-Silva, J, Jeyarajah, D, Jiang, Y, Jiao, X, Jimenez, G, Jin, B, Jin, Q, Jochims, J, Johns, B, Johnson, C, Johnson, T, Jolly, S, Jones, L, Jones, S, Jones, T, Jones, V, Joseph, M, Joshi, S, Judge, P, Junejo, N, Junus, S, Kachele, M, Kadoya, H, Kaga, H, Kai, H, Kajio, H, Kaluza-Schilling, W, Kamaruzaman, L, Kamarzarian, A, Kamimura, Y, Kamiya, H, Kamundi, C, Kan, T, Kanaguchi, Y, Kanazawa, A, Kanda, E, Kanegae, S, Kaneko, K, Kang, HY, Kano, T, Karim, M, Karounos, D, Karsan, W, Kasagi, R, Kashihara, N, Katagiri, H, Katanosaka, A, Katayama, A, Katayama, M, Katiman, E, Kato, K, Kato, M, Kato, N, Kato, S, Kato, T, Kato, Y, Katsuda, Y, Katsuno, T, Kaufeld, J, Kavak, Y, Kawai, I, Kawai, M, Kawase, A, Kawashima, S, Kazory, A, Kearney, J, Keith, B, Kellett, J, Kelley, S, Kershaw, M, Ketteler, M, Khai, Q, Khairullah, Q, Khandwala, H, Khoo, KKL, Khwaja, A, Kidokoro, K, Kielstein, J, Kihara, M, Kimber, C, Kimura, S, Kinashi, H, Kingston, H, Kinomura, M, Kinsella-Perks, E, Kitagawa, M, Kitajima, M, Kitamura, S, Kiyosue, A, Kiyota, M, Klauser, F, Klausmann, G, Kmietschak, W, Knapp, K, Knight, C, Knoppe, A, Knott, C, Kobayashi, M, Kobayashi, R, Kobayashi, T, Koch, M, Kodama, S, Kodani, N, Kogure, E, Koizumi, M, Kojima, H, Kojo, T, Kolhe, N, Komaba, H, Komiya, T, Komori, H, Kon, SP, Kondo, M, Kong, W, Konishi, M, Kono, K, Koshino, M, Kosugi, T, Kothapalli, B, Kozlowski, T, Kraemer, B, Kraemer-Guth, A, Krappe, J, Kraus, D, Kriatselis, C, Krieger, C, Krish, P, Kruger, B, Ku Md Razi, KR, Kuan, Y, Kubota, S, Kuhn, S, Kumar, P, Kume, S, Kummer, I, Kumuji, R, Küpper, A, Kuramae, T, Kurian, L, Kuribayashi, C, Kurien, R, Kuroda, E, Kurose, T, Kutschat, A, Kuwabara, N, Kuwata, H, La Manna, G, Lacey, M, Lafferty, K, LaFleur, P, Lai, V, Laity, E, Lambert, A, Langlois, M, Latif, F, Latore, E, Laundy, E, Laurienti, D, Lawson, A, Lay, M, Leal, I, Lee, AK, Lee, J, Lee, KQ, Lee, R, Lee, SA, Lee, YY, Lee-Barkey, Y, Leonard, N, Leoncini, G, Leong, CM, Lerario, S, Leslie, A, Lewington, A, Li, N, Li, X, Li, Y, Liberti, L, Liberti, ME, Liew, A, Liew, YF, Lilavivat, U, Lim, SK, Lim, YS, Limon, E, Lin, H, Lioudaki, E, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, L, Liu, Q, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Loader, D, Lochhead, H, Loh, CL, Lorimer, A, Loudermilk, L, Loutan, J, Low, CK, Low, CL, Low, YM, Lozon, Z, Lu, Y, Lucci, D, Ludwig, U, Luker, N, Lund, D, Lustig, R, Lyle, S, Macdonald, C, MacDougall, I, Machicado, R, MacLean, D, Macleod, P, Madera, A, Madore, F, Maeda, K, Maegawa, H, Maeno, S, Mafham, M, Magee, J, Mah, DY, Mahabadi, V, Maiguma, M, Makita, Y, Makos, G, Manco, L, Mangiacapra, R, Manley, J, Mann, P, Mano, S, Marcotte, G, Maris, J, Mark, P, Markau, S, Markovic, M, Marshall, C, Martin, M, Martinez, C, Martinez, S, Martins, G, Maruyama, K, Maruyama, S, Marx, K, Maselli, A, Masengu, A, Maskill, A, Masumoto, S, Masutani, K, Matsumoto, M, Matsunaga, T, Matsuoka, N, Matsushita, M, Matthews, M, Matthias, S, Matvienko, E, Maurer, M, Maxwell, P, Mazlan, N, Mazlan, SA, Mbuyisa, A, McCafferty, K, McCarroll, F, McCarthy, T, McClary-Wright, C, McCray, K, McDermott, P, McDonald, C, McDougall, R, McHaffie, E, McIntosh, K, McKinley, T, McLaughlin, S, McLean, N, McNeil, L, Measor, A, Meek, J, Mehta, A, Mehta, R, Melandri, M, Mené, P, Meng, T, Menne, J, Merritt, K, Merscher, S, Meshykhi, C, Messa, P, Messinger, L, Miftari, N, Miller, R, Miller, Y, Miller-Hodges, E, Minatoguchi, M, Miners, M, Minutolo, R, Mita, T, Miura, Y, Miyaji, M, Miyamoto, S, Miyatsuka, T, Miyazaki, M, Miyazawa, I, Mizumachi, R, Mizuno, M, Moffat, S, Mohamad Nor, FS, Mohamad Zaini, SN, Mohamed Affandi, FA, Mohandas, C, Mohd, R, Mohd Fauzi, NA, Mohd Sharif, NH, Mohd Yusoff, Y, Moist, L, Moncada, A, Montasser, M, Moon, A, Moran, C, Morgan, N, Moriarty, J, Morig, G, Morinaga, H, Morino, K, Morisaki, T, Morishita, Y, Morlok, S, Morris, A, Morris, F, Mostafa, S, Mostefai, Y, Motegi, M, Motherwell, N, Motta, D, Mottl, A, Moys, R, Mozaffari, S, Muir, J, Mulhern, J, Mulligan, S, Munakata, Y, Murakami, C, Murakoshi, M, Murawska, A, Murphy, K, Murphy, L, Murray, S, Murtagh, H, Musa, MA, Mushahar, L, Mustafa, R, Mustafar, R, Muto, M, Nadar, E, Nagano, R, Nagasawa, T, Nagashima, E, Nagasu, H, Nagelberg, S, Nair, H, Nakagawa, Y, Nakahara, M, Nakamura, J, Nakamura, R, Nakamura, T, Nakaoka, M, Nakashima, E, Nakata, J, Nakata, M, Nakatani, S, Nakatsuka, A, Nakayama, Y, Nakhoul, G, Naverrete, G, Navivala, A, Nazeer, I, Negrea, L, Nethaji, C, Newman, E, Ng, TJ, Ngu, LLS, Nimbkar, T, Nishi, H, Nishi, M, Nishi, S, Nishida, Y, Nishiyama, A, Niu, J, Niu, P, Nobili, G, Nohara, N, Nojima, I, Nolan, J, Nosseir, H, Nozawa, M, Nunn, M, Nunokawa, S, Oda, M, Oe, M, Oe, Y, Ogane, K, Ogawa, W, Ogihara, T, Oguchi, G, Ohsugi, M, Oishi, K, Okada, Y, Okajyo, J, Okamoto, S, Okamura, K, Olufuwa, O, Oluyombo, R, Omata, A, Omori, Y, Ong, LM, Ong, YC, Onyema, J, Oomatia, A, Oommen, A, Oremus, R, Orimo, Y, Ortalda, V, Osaki, Y, Osawa, Y, Osmond Foster, J, O'Sullivan, A, Otani, T, Othman, N, Otomo, S, O'Toole, J, Owen, L, Ozawa, T, Padiyar, A, Page, N, Pajak, S, Paliege, A, Pandey, A, Pandey, R, Pariani, H, Park, J, Parrigon, M, Passauer, J, Patecki, M, Patel, M, Patel, R, Patel, T, Patel, Z, Paul, R, Paulsen, L, Pavone, L, Peixoto, A, Peji, J, Peng, BC, Peng, K, Pennino, L, Pereira, E, Perez, E, Pergola, P, Pesce, F, Pessolano, G, Petchey, W, Petr, EJ, Pfab, T, Phelan, P, Phillips, R, Phillips, T, Phipps, M, Piccinni, G, Pickett, T, Pickworth, S, Piemontese, M, Pinto, D, Piper, J, Plummer-Morgan, J, Poehler, D, Polese, L, Poma, V, Postal, A, Pötz, C, Power, A, Pradhan, N, Pradhan, R, Preiss, E, Preston, K, Prib, N, Price, L, Provenzano, C, Pugay, C, Pulido, R, Putz, F, Qiao, Y, Quartagno, R, Quashie-Akponeware, M, Rabara, R, Rabasa-Lhoret, R, Radhakrishnan, D, Radley, M, Raff, R, Raguwaran, S, Rahbari-Oskoui, F, Rahman, M, Rahmat, K, Ramadoss, S, Ramanaidu, S, Ramasamy, S, Ramli, R, Ramli, S, Ramsey, T, Rankin, A, Rashidi, A, Raymond, L, Razali, WAFA, Read, K, Reiner, H, Reisler, A, Reith, C, Renner, J, Rettenmaier, B, Richmond, L, Rijos, D, Rivera, R, Rivers, V, Robinson, H, Rocco, M, Rodriguez-Bachiller, I, Rodriquez, R, Roesch, C, Roesch, J, Rogers, J, Rohnstock, M, Rolfsmeier, S, Roman, M, Romo, A, Rosati, A, Rosenberg, S, Ross, T, Roura, M, Roussel, M, Rovner, S, Roy, S, Rucker, S, Rump, L, Ruocco, M, Ruse, S, Russo, F, Russo, M, Ryder, M, Sabarai, A, Saccà, C, Sachson, R, Sadler, E, Safiee, NS, Sahani, M, Saillant, A, Saini, J, Saito, C, Saito, S, Sakaguchi, K, Sakai, M, Salim, H, Salviani, C, Sampson, A, Samson, F, Sandercock, P, Sanguila, S, Santorelli, G, Santoro, D, Sarabu, N, Saram, T, Sardell, R, Sasajima, H, Sasaki, T, Satko, S, Sato, A, Sato, D, Sato, H, Sato, J, Sato, T, Sato, Y, Satoh, M, Sawada, K, Schanz, M, Scheidemantel, F, Schemmelmann, M, Schettler, E, Schettler, V, Schlieper, GR, Schmidt, C, Schmidt, G, Schmidt, U, Schmidt-Gurtler, H, Schmude, M, Schneider, A, Schneider, I, Schneider-Danwitz, C, Schomig, M, Schramm, T, Schreiber, A, Schricker, S, Schroppel, B, Schulte-Kemna, L, Schulz, E, Schumacher, B, Schuster, A, Schwab, A, Scolari, F, Scott, A, Seeger, W, Segal, M, Seifert, L, Seifert, M, Sekiya, M, Sellars, R, Seman, MR, Shah, S, Shainberg, L, Shanmuganathan, M, Shao, F, Sharma, K, Sharpe, C, Sheikh-Ali, M, Sheldon, J, Shenton, C, Shepherd, A, Shepperd, M, Sheridan, R, Sheriff, Z, Shibata, Y, Shigehara, T, Shikata, K, Shimamura, K, Shimano, H, Shimizu, Y, Shimoda, H, Shin, K, Shivashankar, G, Shojima, N, Silva, R, Sim, CSB, Simmons, K, Sinha, S, Sitter, T, Sivanandam, S, Skipper, M, Sloan, K, Sloan, L, Smith, R, Smyth, J, Sobande, T, Sobata, M, Somalanka, S, Song, X, Sonntag, F, Sood, B, Sor, SY, Soufer, J, Sparks, H, Spatoliatore, G, Spinola, T, Squyres, S, Srivastava, A, Stanfield, J, Staylor, K, Steele, A, Steen, O, Steffl, D, Stegbauer, J, Stellbrink, C, Stellbrink, E, Stevenson, A, Stewart-Ray, V, Stickley, J, Stoffler, D, Stratmann, B, Streitenberger, S, Strutz, F, Stubbs, J, Stumpf, J, Suazo, N, Suchinda, P, Suckling, R, Sudin, A, Sugamori, K, Sugawara, H, Sugawara, K, Sugimoto, D, Sugiyama, H, Sugiyama, T, Sullivan, M, Sumi, M, Suresh, N, Sutton, D, Suzuki, H, Suzuki, R, Suzuki, Y, Swanson, E, Swift, P, Syed, S, Szerlip, H, Taal, M, Taddeo, M, Tailor, C, Tajima, K, Takagi, M, Takahashi, K, Takahashi, M, Takahashi, T, Takahira, E, Takai, T, Takaoka, M, Takeoka, J, Takesada, A, Takezawa, M, Talbot, M, Taliercio, J, Talsania, T, Tamori, Y, Tamura, R, Tamura, Y, Tan, CHH, Tan, EZZ, Tanabe, A, Tanabe, K, Tanaka, A, Tanaka, N, Tang, S, Tang, Z, Tanigaki, K, Tarlac, M, Tatsuzawa, A, Tay, JF, Tay, LL, Taylor, J, Taylor, K, Te, A, Tenbusch, L, Teng, KS, Terakawa, A, Terry, J, Tham, ZD, Tholl, S, Thomas, G, Thong, KM, Tietjen, D, Timadjer, A, Tindall, H, Tipper, S, Tobin, K, Toda, N, Tokuyama, A, Tolibas, M, Tomita, A, Tomita, T, Tomlinson, J, Tonks, L, Topf, J, Topping, S, Torp, A, Torres, A, Totaro, F, Toth, P, Toyonaga, Y, Tripodi, F, Trivedi, K, Tropman, E, Tschope, D, Tse, J, Tsuji, K, Tsunekawa, S, Tsunoda, R, Tucky, B, Tufail, S, Tuffaha, A, Turan, E, Turner, H, Turner, J, Turner, M, Tye, YL, Tyler, A, Tyler, J, Uchi, H, Uchida, H, Uchida, T, Udagawa, T, Ueda, S, Ueda, Y, Ueki, K, Ugni, S, Ugwu, E, Umeno, R, Unekawa, C, Uozumi, K, Urquia, K, Valleteau, A, Valletta, C, van Erp, R, Vanhoy, C, Varad, V, Varma, R, Varughese, A, Vasquez, P, Vasseur, A, Veelken, R, Velagapudi, C, Verdel, K, Vettoretti, S, Vezzoli, G, Vielhauer, V, Viera, R, Vilar, E, Villaruel, S, Vinall, L, Vinathan, J, Visnjic, M, Voigt, E, von-Eynatten, M, Vourvou, M, Wada, J, Wada, T, Wada, Y, Wakayama, K, Wakita, Y, Walters, T, Wan Mohamad, WH, Wang, L, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wanninayake, S, Watada, H, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, M, Waterfall, H, Watkins, D, Watson, S, Weaving, L, Weber, B, Webley, Y, Webster, A, Webster, M, Weetman, M, Wei, W, Weihprecht, H, Weiland, L, Weinmann-Menke, J, Weinreich, T, Wendt, R, Weng, Y, Whalen, M, Whalley, G, Wheatley, R, Wheeler, A, Wheeler, J, Whelton, P, White, K, Whitmore, B, Whittaker, S, Wiebel, J, Wiley, J, Wilkinson, L, Willett, M, Williams, A, Williams, E, Williams, K, Williams, T, Wilson, A, Wilson, P, Wincott, L, Wines, E, Winkelmann, B, Winkler, M, Winter-Goodwin, B, Witczak, J, Wittes, J, Wittmann, M, Wolf, G, Wolf, L, Wolfling, R, Wong, C, Wong, E, Wong, HS, Wong, LW, Wong, YH, Wonnacott, A, Wood, A, Wood, L, Woodhouse, H, Wooding, N, Woodman, A, Wren, K, Wu, J, Wu, P, Xia, S, Xiao, H, Xiao, X, Xie, Y, Xu, C, Xu, Y, Xue, H, Yahaya, H, Yalamanchili, H, Yamada, A, Yamada, N, Yamagata, K, Yamaguchi, M, Yamaji, Y, Yamamoto, A, Yamamoto, S, Yamamoto, T, Yamanaka, A, Yamano, T, Yamanouchi, Y, Yamasaki, N, Yamasaki, Y, Yamashita, C, Yamauchi, T, Yan, Q, Yanagisawa, E, Yang, F, Yang, L, Yano, S, Yao, S, Yao, Y, Yarlagadda, S, Yasuda, Y, Yiu, V, Yokoyama, T, Yoshida, S, Yoshidome, E, Yoshikawa, H, Young, A, Young, T, Yousif, V, Yu, H, Yu, Y, Yuasa, K, Yusof, N, Zalunardo, N, Zander, B, Zani, R, Zappulo, F, Zayed, M, Zemann, B, Zettergren, P, Zhang, H, Zhang, L, Zhang, N, Zhang, X, Zhao, J, Zhao, L, Zhao, S, Zhao, Z, Zhong, H, Zhou, N, Zhou, S, Zhu, L, Zhu, S, Zietz, M, Zippo, M, Zirino, F, and Zulkipli, FH

Published
2024
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43. Ferroelectricity in epitaxially strained rhombohedral ZrO2 thin films

Author

Silva, J. P. B., Negrea, R. F., Istrate, M. C., Dutta, S., Aramberri, H., Íñiguez, J., Figueiras, F. G., Ghica, C., Sekhar, K. C., and Kholkin, A. L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Zirconia and hafnia based thin films have attracted tremendous attention in the last decade due to their unexpected ferroelectric behavior at the nanoscale, which facilitates the downscaling of ferroelectric devices. The present work reports a novel ferroelectric rhombohedral phase of ZrO2 that can be achieved in thin films grown on (111)- Nb:SrTiO3 substrates by ion-beam sputtering. Structural and ferroelectric characterizations reveal that the (111)-oriented ZrO2 films are under epitaxial compressive strain and display a switchable ferroelectric polarization of about 20.2 {\mu}C/cm2 with a coercive field of 1.5 MV/cm. Moreover, the time dependent polarization reversal characteristics of Nb:STO/ZrO2/Au film capacitors exhibit bell-shape curves, a typical feature of ferroelectric films associated with domains reversal. The estimated activation field is comparable to the coercive field obtained from polarization-electric field hysteresis loops. Interestingly, the studied films show ferroelectric behavior per se, i.e., there is no need to apply the wake-up cycle that is essential to induce ferroelectricity in the conventional (orthorhombic) ferroelectric phase of ZrO2. Therefore, the present films have a technologically advantage over the previously studied ferroelectric ZrO2 films, and may be attractive for nanoscale ferroelectric devices., Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures

Published
2020
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45. Structure of the quartetting ground state of $N=Z$ nuclei

Author

Serban, A. G., Nichita, D. R., Negrea, D., and Baran, V. V.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The formal equivalence between the quartetting picture and the symmetry restored BCS picture is established for the ground state correlations induced by the general isovector-isoscalar pairing interaction. Multiple ground state structures compatible with the particle number and isospin symmetries are evaluated. The competition of isovector and isoscalar correlations is discussed for the $N=Z$ nuclei above $^{100}$Sn., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure

Published
2020
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46. Bridging the quartet and pair pictures of isovector proton-neutron pairing

Author

Baran, V. V., Nichita, D. R., Negrea, D., Delion, D. S., Sandulescu, N., and Schuck, P.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The formal implications of a quartet coherent state ansatz for proton-neutron pairing are analyzed. Its nonlinear annihilation operators, which generalize the BCS linear quasiparticle operators, are computed in the quartetting case. Their structure is found to generate nontrivial relationships between the many body correlation functions. The intrinsic structure of the quartet coherent state is detailed, as it hints to the precise correspondence between the quartetting picture and the symmetry restored pair condensate picture for the proton-neutron pairing correlations., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure

Published
2020
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47. Relaxing the I.I.D. Assumption: Adaptively Minimax Optimal Regret via Root-Entropic Regularization

Author

Bilodeau, Blair, Negrea, Jeffrey, and Roy, Daniel M.

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We consider prediction with expert advice when data are generated from distributions varying arbitrarily within an unknown constraint set. This semi-adversarial setting includes (at the extremes) the classical i.i.d. setting, when the unknown constraint set is restricted to be a singleton, and the unconstrained adversarial setting, when the constraint set is the set of all distributions. The Hedge algorithm -- long known to be minimax (rate) optimal in the adversarial regime -- was recently shown to be simultaneously minimax optimal for i.i.d. data. In this work, we propose to relax the i.i.d. assumption by seeking adaptivity at all levels of a natural ordering on constraint sets. We provide matching upper and lower bounds on the minimax regret at all levels, show that Hedge with deterministic learning rates is suboptimal outside of the extremes, and prove that one can adaptively obtain minimax regret at all levels. We achieve this optimal adaptivity using the follow-the-regularized-leader (FTRL) framework, with a novel adaptive regularization scheme that implicitly scales as the square root of the entropy of the current predictive distribution, rather than the entropy of the initial predictive distribution. Finally, we provide novel technical tools to study the statistical performance of FTRL along the semi-adversarial spectrum., Comment: 71 pages, 3 figures. Blair Bilodeau and Jeffrey Negrea are equal-contribution authors; order was determined randomly

Published
2020

48. Sharpened Generalization Bounds based on Conditional Mutual Information and an Application to Noisy, Iterative Algorithms

Author

Haghifam, Mahdi, Negrea, Jeffrey, Khisti, Ashish, Roy, Daniel M., and Dziugaite, Gintare Karolina

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Information Theory, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The information-theoretic framework of Russo and J. Zou (2016) and Xu and Raginsky (2017) provides bounds on the generalization error of a learning algorithm in terms of the mutual information between the algorithm's output and the training sample. In this work, we study the proposal, by Steinke and Zakynthinou (2020), to reason about the generalization error of a learning algorithm by introducing a super sample that contains the training sample as a random subset and computing mutual information conditional on the super sample. We first show that these new bounds based on the conditional mutual information are tighter than those based on the unconditional mutual information. We then introduce yet tighter bounds, building on the "individual sample" idea of Bu, S. Zou, and Veeravalli (2019) and the "data dependent" ideas of Negrea et al. (2019), using disintegrated mutual information. Finally, we apply these bounds to the study of Langevin dynamics algorithm, showing that conditioning on the super sample allows us to exploit information in the optimization trajectory to obtain tighter bounds based on hypothesis tests., Comment: 23 Pages, 3 Figures. To appear in, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (34), 2020

Published
2020

49. Enhancing initial teacher training to teach science in secondary schools

Author

Negrea, Violeta

Abstract

Science teaching quality, a shortage of specialists and retention of science teachers have been longstanding concerns for governments internationally. To address these issues, many countries have diversified routes into teaching to enable high quality candidates from diverse science backgrounds enter the teaching profession. In England, the government has opened the ITT market by extending school-based training routes allowing more career changers to enter teaching. However, the experiences of career changers in IT programmes, their readiness to teach, and how they develop knowledge and skills are underexplored. Furthermore, syntheses of international research literature on the effectiveness of different approaches to preparing science teachers are lacking. The relationship between teachers' voices and approaches to their preparation is fundamental in developing coherent ITT models that better align theory with practice. This study identifies how best ITT programmes can prepare trainees to teach science in secondary schools by gathering data through two different methodologies: through a synthesis of the available international evidence on effective approaches to preparing science teachers, and through a qualitative case study that explores the views and learning experiences of trainee science teachers enrolled on a teacher training programme in England. A framework based on Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) developed during the study and a thematic approach are used to analyse and synthesis data generated through the two methodologies. Findings reveal evidence of effective strategies for preparing science teachers and show how trainees develop themselves professionally by drawing on five pillars of teaching within contextual factors that influence their learning. Collectively, the findings assemble into a novel ITT model which, alongside a set of evidence-based practices identified in the study, can guide the design of learning opportunities for trainee teachers. The model supports policies aiming at narrowing the theory practice gap to increase trainees' access to quality training.

Published
2021

50. In Defense of Uniform Convergence: Generalization via derandomization with an application to interpolating predictors

Author

Negrea, Jeffrey, Dziugaite, Gintare Karolina, and Roy, Daniel M.

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

We propose to study the generalization error of a learned predictor $\hat h$ in terms of that of a surrogate (potentially randomized) predictor that is coupled to $\hat h$ and designed to trade empirical risk for control of generalization error. In the case where $\hat h$ interpolates the data, it is interesting to consider theoretical surrogate classifiers that are partially derandomized or rerandomized, e.g., fit to the training data but with modified label noise. We also show that replacing $\hat h$ by its conditional distribution with respect to an arbitrary $\sigma$-field is a convenient way to derandomize. We study two examples, inspired by the work of Nagarajan and Kolter (2019) and Bartlett et al. (2019), where the learned classifier $\hat h$ interpolates the training data with high probability, has small risk, and, yet, does not belong to a nonrandom class with a tight uniform bound on two-sided generalization error. At the same time, we bound the risk of $\hat h$ in terms of surrogates constructed by conditioning and denoising, respectively, and shown to belong to nonrandom classes with uniformly small generalization error., Comment: 14 pages before references and appendices. 23 pages total. Includes a correction to Lemma 5.3 and Theorem 5.4, and their proofs

Published
2019

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