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The article studies the personal experience and meaning of nationalism for Finnish mid‐nineteenth‐century national protagonists from the gender perspective. Using the concept of personal nationalism and the group biographical approach, the article analyses experiential and narrative self‐construction in the correspondence exchanged between members of the key family of the contemporary Finnish national circles, the Tengströms. I argue that nationalism had a deep personal, even existential, meaning for these people. However, there were differences in the ways men and women could tap into nationalism as a resource of self‐construction and in the ways they could embody and express their personal nationalism. The national meanings were, in the end, somehow branded as masculine. Men tied the national cause intensively and explicitly to their entire existence, for instance, through emotional friendships and nationalised careers. Women had to use detours, like constructing proper national womanhood through countertypes and mediating their national engagement through men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the practice of exemplarity in rural China through Secretary Xu's oral narratives to provincial leaders and local villagers in a northern model village. It applies a performative narrative analysis to reveal how Xu constructs his persona, utilizing narrative structures, chronotopes, and the interplay of events to forge exemplary images suited to each audience. In presentations to leaders, Xu highlights rural development achievements, while to villagers, he emphasizes common prosperity and community service. This strategic narrative manipulation not only showcases Xu's skill in aligning with both state and local values but also fosters cultural intimacy and community cohesion despite narrative discrepancies. The case study expands the discourse on narrative techniques and representational strategies within rural revitalization and social governance, offering a nuanced perspective on the intersection of narrative, identity, and governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars have underestimated comics as an art form. This article uses an analysis of unreliable narration to show the complexity of this narrative mechanism in comics and, in turn, the sophistication of comics. Groensteen divides comic narrators into reciters and monstrators, and this distinction provides the basis to discuss unreliable narration in comics. This article categorizes comics with unreliable narration into mono‐sequence and dual‐sequence unreliable narrations according to the picto‐verbal relationship in the works. Moreover, medium‐specific features of comics such as spatialization of time and panel designs lead to unique types of unreliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores questions about postfeminism via the notion of feminist address and concept of relational politics in Harriet Jacob's "Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl." It discusses the relational paradigm on subjectivity, agency and politics, as well as the feminist narrative forms that signify how women as a political class of feminist critical subjects. It explores the novel's slave narrative or sentimental genre, trials of girlhood, and treatment of the metaphor of home.

The aim of this paper is to present the male homoerotic experiences of ex-combatants from the FARC-EP and ELN guerrillas, as well as paramilitary groups, during their period in these armed groups. For this article, we have used multiple methodological strategies. For the first two stories, we made semi-structured qualitative interviews with ex-combatants. Then, we wrote the narratives collaboratively. For the third story, the anecdote was constructed based on the testimonies of the residents of a municipality of Caldas affected by the armed conflict. The participation of combatants in homoerotic practices and their involvement in romantic relationships with men showed that interpretations and meanings of homosexuality (and heterosexuality) in war contexts can be questioned, since their involvement is related to victimization. In addition, the narratives demonstrated that the meaning of these concepts was fragmented in various directions such as desire, feelings, anxieties, and complicity with the armed logic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of transrealism in the second half of the twentieth century embellished the literary landscape in America with a new mode of expression that offered new understanding of time, space, identity, and social values and norms. This study situates the American novelist Kurt Vonnegut's Player Piano within this literary context to map out the qualities that distinguish it as a transrealistic fiction. We argue that through innovative coalescence of fantasy and realism, this postmodern novel provides a satirical commentary against the incongruities of the contemporary American society. To analyse the novel, we employ Rudy Rucker's theorisations of the movement that delineates the transrealist manifesto as a union of realism, fantasy, and science-fiction. The findings reveal that through a satirical representation of the current advancements in technology and their inevitably negative impact on human life and society, the novel provides a dystopian picture of modern life in America. This apocalyptic sentiment is reinforced through a creative convergence of the surreal features of science-fiction, the tropes of naturalistic realism, and the elements of satire that together help to accentuate the deficiencies and ironies of the modern American society as well as the rampant misuse of technology by both individuals and authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organisation theory began to be appreciated in the 1960s when it became clear that neither economics nor psychology could explain the phenomena of organising purely in the language of economics, whereas these phenomena were becoming more and more central to the functioning of modern society. Enterprises and organised institutions were becoming increasingly complex and their activities could not be explained by a combination of economic laws and psychological observations. The machine metaphor that used to dominate before was now replaced by an organic metaphor that seemed complex enough to capture the complexity of the phenomenon itself. But the practices of organising outgrew even this metaphor and it became evident that we need even more complex ways to account for what organisations do. One of the propositions for how to live up to the living complexity is the language of fiction. Narrative knowledge and narrative form are good ways to an incisive insight into concrete and lived organisational experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of us consider ethnographic and biographical films as fixed categories, serving differentiated knowledge schemas. Yet, in the context of autobiographical filmmaking, the categories overlap, and new aesthetic and genre possibilities emerge. This article arises from this context; where post-Independence South Sudan's film narratives merge visual ethnography's attentiveness with realist narration, and biographical film's reflexivity toward melodramatic self-narration. Using Akuol de Mabior's No Simple Way Home (2023) as a case of this genre overlap, this article proposes ethnobiopic as an appropriate coinage. It ends with a discussion of the perlocutionary possibilities for its characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a fresh reading of Justin's Second Apology. It focuses on that text's narrative sections—the so-called martyrdom of Ptolemaeus and Lucius, and Justin's own rift with Crescens. It demonstrates both these stories' intratextual links, and their intertextual ties with contemporary mid-2d century literature—Achilles Tatius' Greek novel Leucippe and Clitophon, and Apuleius' Latin Apology. These in turn reveal the sophisticated rhetorical devices Justin employs, his goals in so doing, and the consequences for our understanding of the supposed new genre of Christian "apology." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the methodological impact of sharpening researchers' listening skills as part of the development of more context- and participant-sensitive approaches to research. The starting point is an analysis of structured app interviews with young people at a multicultural festival. Through the research process, we became increasingly aware of forms of communication we were prone to overlook, such as the here-and-now engagement of the participants, their carnivalesque expressions and associative and fragmented narration. Listening more openly required a reflexive extension of the data analysis and gave us unexpected glimpses into the life world and identity formation of young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How should we understand the relationship between nationalism and discourses of national decline, and more specifically the discourses of a shrinking nation? Driven by this question, this article highlights how bleak imaginings of the future also work to construct the relationship of the individual to the putative national community, creating forms of sentimental national belonging. This article analyses an emerging genre of best-selling books in Japan, Mirai no nenpyō [The chronology of the future] series, that present a dismal vision of Japan's national demographic future. Their goal is to provoke a sense of national urgency by encouraging Japanese nationals to feel personally the shrinking nation through imagining its coming consequences for everyday life. Such narrations of an imagined shrinking community act to create a timeless sense of national belonging, with daily lived experience in the imagined future interpreted through the lens of the contracting nation. Importantly, the future that these discourses present is nationalized within boundaries separating it from global developments and intercourse. Ultimately, this form of nationalism is constituted not by dying for the nation, but instead by people seeing the continued stability of everyday life as intricately tied to the fate of the national community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

College student drinking is prevalent and costly to public and personal health, leading to calls to identify and target novel mechanisms of behavior change. We aimed to manipulate drinking identity (a cognitive risk factor for hazardous drinking) via three sessions of narrative writing about a future self. We tested whether writing could shift drinking identity and would be accompanied by changes in alcohol consumption and problems. Participants were college students meeting hazardous drinking criteria (N = 328; M age = 20.15; 59% women, 40% men, 1% gender-diverse; 60% white; 23% Asian; 12% multiple races; 2% other racial groups; 8% identified as Hispanic/Latino/a/x). The study had a 2 [narrative writing topic: low-risk drinker vs. reduced smartphone use] × 2 [writing perspective: first person vs. non-first-person] × 2 [social network instruction: instructed to include vs. not] factorial design. Outcomes were drinking identity, drinking refusal self-efficacy, alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, and craving. Participants completed three writing sessions and online follow-up assessments at 2, 4, and 12 weeks. The study is a registered clinical trial; hypotheses and analyses were preregistered (https://osf.io/vy2ep/). Contrary to predictions, narrative writing about a future self as a low-risk drinker did not significantly impact outcomes. Null results extended to expected interactions with writing perspective and social network instructions. The narrative writing task did not shift drinking or alcohol-related outcomes. Future experimental work may benefit from greater flexibility in conceptualizing a future self, recruiting individuals interested in behavior change, and more sensitive measures of drinking identity. • Drinking identity is a robust predictor of hazardous drinking among college students. • We aimed to shift drinking identity via three writing sessions about a future self. • We also tested whether writing would change alcohol consumption and problems. • Results were null. • Future tasks should allow more flexibility for conceptualizing a future self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Desistance research has largely revolved around the concepts of persistence in and desistance from crime, missing what happens between these two poles. The study uses longitudinal interview data from Finnish people in prison (N = 22) before and after release to elucidate the narrative development between the positions of persistence and desistance. Taking a narrative criminological approach, the article explores how the genres of romance, tragedy, irony and comedy are adopted in accounts of desistance. It challenges a static understanding of desistance, arguing that desistance narratives are more diverse than previously understood: rooted in identity, enduring the unforeseen and restricted by unfavourable realities. The findings suggest that different narrative genres give important insights into how individuals attempting to desist from crime perceive their agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inference plays a key role in reading comprehension. This study examines changes in inferential behavior while reading different genres. The inferential behavior of 28 students with reading disabilities (RDs) and 44 students without RDs was quantified while they read expository and narrative texts. First, the average rates of inference attempts and correct inferences were measured during reading. Then, the same rates were measured separately during early and late reading to see if there was a change in inferential behavior. The results show that the change in inferential behavior depends on the genre. While reading the expository text, both groups showed no significant change in their inference making. In contrast, while reading the narrative text, both groups showed higher rates of inference attempts, and only the students without RD showed a significant increase in correct inferences. The implications of these findings for the design of more engaging and effective reading programs are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crises of recent years have engendered increasingly bleak visions of the future. This development challenges us to rethink our understanding of hope and futurity, and Marlene Streeruwitz's 2011 novel Die Schmerzmacherin. takes an important step in this direction. Amy Schreiber, the novel's young and existentially disoriented protagonist, trains at a security agency, learning to plan and control the future. But Amy keeps tripping over her own feet; her unsteady gait keeps throwing her off course. This article argues that Streeruwitz's novel employs stumbling as an aesthetic device to expose the conceptual pitfalls of modern notions of the future. By discussing this poetics of stumbling, the article explores the double binds of modern security politics, the tensions between security and care, the unsustainability of societal expectations of success, and the subversive potential of errancy and failure. In Die Schmerzmacherin., stumbling represents an antidote to traditional utopian visions: a sober form of hopefulness that draws on the power of discord and disruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a connection between the void and addiction via psychoanalysis and current developments in narration in the context of the psychoanalytic clinic. We maintain that the addicted subject is shaped in particular by a relationship to the void evolving from the disruptive effects of the narrative. Our modern era is marked by a parallel evolution towards an unbearable void, to be filled at all costs. The neo-liberal promise of 'filling' the void with consumer objects in turn feeds the illusion of a so-called freedom, based on alienation to the inseparable duos of growth/jouissance and productivism/consumerism. The void has a multidisciplinary heritage (philosophy, physics, art, psychology) underlining certain aspects of a dialectic of the void that fluctuates between nothing at all and everything as potential. Taking this dialectic into account allows us to construct a concept of the void centred around two types of void: a narrative void and an a-narrative void. We maintain that the toxic in addiction can be interpreted as a narco-narrative that is constructed upon an a-narrative void. The clinical implications and technical proposals are briefly explored as openings to a clinical consideration of the void in the field of addictology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This narrative review comprehensively examines the impact of oxidative stress on military personnel, highlighting the crucial role of physical exercise and tailored diets, particularly the ketogenic diet, in minimizing this stress. Through a meticulous analysis of the recent literature, the study emphasizes how regular physical exercise not only enhances cardiovascular, cognitive, and musculoskeletal health but is also essential in neutralizing the effects of oxidative stress, thereby improving endurance and performance during long-term missions. Furthermore, the implementation of the ketogenic diet provides an efficient and consistent energy source through ketone bodies, tailored to the specific energy requirements of military activities, and significantly contributes to the reduction in reactive oxygen species production, thus protecting against cellular deterioration under extreme stress. The study also underlines the importance of integrating advanced technologies, such as wearable devices and smart sensors that allow for the precise and real-time monitoring of oxidative stress and physiological responses, thus facilitating the customization of training and nutritional regimes. Observations from this review emphasize significant variability among individuals in responses to oxidative stress, highlighting the need for a personalized approach in formulating intervention strategies. It is crucial to develop and implement well-monitored, personalized supplementation protocols to ensure that each member of the military personnel receives a regimen tailored to their specific needs, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of measures to combat oxidative stress. This analysis makes a valuable contribution to the specialized literature, proposing a detailed framework for addressing oxidative stress in the armed forces and opening new directions for future research with the aim of optimizing clinical practices and improving the health and performance of military personnel under stress and specific challenges of the military field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choosing a writing topic poses a particularly serious challenge for young learners. Topic selection affects all other steps of the writing process. Therefore, the writing topic should be related to a subject that the student knows about, is interested in, and can produce content on. Basing writing on students' immediate environment and experiences will contribute positively to their writing process. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of writing activities based on immediate environment and experiences on the development of narrative and informative text writing skills. The study is designed as a multiple probe model, which is one of the single- subject research designs. The study group consists of two primary school students (one girl and one boy). A 14-week program was implemented that required writing based on immediate environment and experiences. The data of the study were collected using the Story Elements Evaluation Scale and the Informative Text Rating Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, graphical representation, and effect size calculation method. According to the results obtained, writing activities based on the immediate environment and experiences have a significant effect on improving the students' ability to write narrative and informative texts, as well as their development of story elements and informative text elements. However, it was also concluded that it does not affect the external structure of the text and its language and expression. Considering these results, writing teachers are strongly encouraged to conduct writing activities related to their students' immediate environment and experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Message sticks are wooden objects once widely used in Indigenous Australia for facilitating important long-distance communications. Within this tradition an individual wishing to send a message would carve a stick and apply conventional symbols to its surface. The stick was entrusted to a messenger who carried the object into the territory of another community together with a memorised oral statement. Between the 1880s and the 1910s, settlers and international scholars took great interest in message sticks and this was reflected in efforts to document, collect and store them in museums worldwide. However, by this period, the practice was already undergoing profound changes, having been abandoned in many parts of the continent and transformed in others. While message sticks were still being used in a traditional way in Western Arnhem Land up until at least the late 1970s, today they feature in public interactions between Indigenous and non-Indigenous organisations, in art production and in oral narrations. Accordingly many questions concerning the history, pragmatics and global significance of message stick communication remain unanswered. To address this we have compiled the Australian Message Stick Database, a new resource hosted at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, and The Australian National University, Canberra. It contains images and data for over 1500 individual message sticks sourced from museums, and supplemented with information derived from published and unpublished manuscripts, private collections, and from field recordings involving contemporary Indigenous consultants. For the first time, knowledge about Australian message sticks can be evaluated as a single set allowing scholars and Traditional Owners to explore previously intractable questions about their histories, meanings and purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I follow the footsteps of Makina, protagonist of Yuri Herrera's 2009 Señales que precederán al fin del mundo. In line with existing criticism on the text, I frame her migratory voyage as a form of pilgrimage. Departing from other readings of the novel, I center the protagonist's embodied experience through her journey, tracing her corporeal sensations in order to understand the border itself as a living geography traversed by vital bodies. Walking emerges as a dominant trope in Herrera's text, as the narration returns repeatedly to the protagonist's determined footsteps. By understanding Makina's journey as a pilgrimage, I reconcile the ways in which she simultaneously occupies a material and a spiritual realm. As an inherent element of pilgrimage, Makina undergoes a painful loss of identity, but also demonstrates her capacity for change by rendering her subjectivity fluid. This constructs the border itself as a liminal zone, a space in flux. As a walking woman, Makina offers a framework of border representation that moves beyond and answers the limitations of existing conceptual models of the border that emphasize multiculturalism and hybridity. Reading the border through the trope of walking, I argue, points to the political potential of migrants to rewrite current border reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kim de l'Horizon's Blutbuch contributes to the contemporary posthumanist discourse of the German‐language literary landscape by developing an original way of narrating memory through transformative materialities. This article explores two forms of memory narration that de l'Horizon evokes and combines in their text resulting in a productive space of tension between the protagonist and their environment. On the one hand, the main character grasps narratives as layers of skin (Gehäute) that serve as a physical boundary of the figures in the text. On the other hand, de l'Horizon proposes a memory narrative that aims to permeate these skin boundaries to reconnect the human self with surrounding matter in a fluid, symbiotic way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay analyzes the Ph.D dissertation of Jesús Martín-Barbero, written in 1972 in Louvain, Belgium. Equipped with Paul Ricoeur's explorations on how a text is constructed and Paulo Freire's insistence on the emancipatory nature of the communicative action, Martín-Barbero centered his scholarship on the urgency to study and understand Latin American popular cultures. Martín-Barbero's dissertation centers the great problem of academic analysis on language as the subject that acts in the world. To explore the connection of language and action, Martín-Barbero proposes three historically situated language devices that allow individuals to position themselves and move toward praxis: myth, prophecy, and poetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bringing together narrative elements, virtual affordances, and participants' embodied interactions, virtual reality (VR) movies instantiate new narrative techniques by offering an immersive experience. This study examines virtual narrative beyond mere interactional engagement and extends the phenomenon to include worlding, metaleptic embodiment, and instantiated possible selves. It aims at exploring VR narrative as idiosyncratic cognitive processes, with a special focus on the notions of empathy and emotional involvement as significant elements contributing to this peculiar interactional and cognitive experience. A cognitive stylistic approach is adopted to explain the functional ability of VR technology in transporting participants to alternate worlds and in making them experience a kind of self-transformation. The immersively metaleptic discourse of Baba Yaga is examined as engaging participants in a quest of how to act as morally and socially empathetic and responsible citizens— global citizens. Baba Yaga narrative deploys the narrative discourses of flashbacks, facework, doubly deictic 'you', performatives, and imperatives along with material processes to situate participants in a virtual space of actions and doings and hence encourage them to configure their desired self(ves) across different immersive interactions. The global citizen is embodied in the interactive narrative of Baba Yaga , through invoking various storyworld possible selves (SPSs): the feeling self, the responsible self, and the moral self, which encompasses climate activist self and interculturally aware self who manages to get rid of its own cultural biases as the narrative proceeds. Embodied in these selves, participants transform the virtual world into possible worlds of their own passion, agency, choices, hopes, and desires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The commemorative publication "Didactica, Cultura, Lingua - Perspectives of German" is a collection of contributions dedicated to Ulrich Steinmüller on his 80th birthday. The first part of the commemorative publication honors Steinmüller's contribution to the development of German language teaching in China. The second part deals with various topics in the field of culture and language, such as the significance of debating in German as a foreign language instruction and the role of media in learning. The third part addresses linguistic topics, such as the acquisition of spatial expressions in children with German as a second language and vocabulary in narrative texts by students with German as a mother tongue, second language, and foreign language. The fourth part presents contributions from the academic junior sector. The commemorative publication is a significant contribution to German-Chinese scientific cooperation. [Extracted from the article]

Inspired by a blend of narrativity studies and cognitive narrative theory, and based on an updated conception of the epistemic plot, this paper sets out to investigate how fictional cognition propels narrative progression from the earliest compositional stages of Henry James's tales as documented in his notebook synopses. Placed in a wider context, moreover, and given James's conviction of the storyness of the representation of consciousness, this paper also invites debate on his role as a remote harbinger of the narrativity of the mind, so characteristic of contemporary cognitive approaches to the fictional genre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional authoritative, obtrusive narrator, also known as the Thackeray-type narrator, has been excluded from the narratological study of consciousness representations, partly because scholars have a stereotypical view that such a narrator avoids descriptions of a character's inside view, and partly because they dislike narratorial presence in the representations of figural consciousness. Taking Thackeray's Vanity Fair as a typical example, this paper revisits these views and reconsiders the presentation of consciousness in terms of narratorial performance of narrative authority. With attention to the degrees of the reader's involvement, it investigates how the narrator modulates various narrative techniques (psycho-narration, free indirect thought, narrated perception) to present the minds of the worldly male characters, how each technique functions in different narrative contexts through the interaction between the narratorial voice and figural consciousness, and how the narrator's internal evaluation is subtly embedded in the immediate representations of consciousness to create intentional ambiguity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a theoretical pragmatic model (Sorlin, Sandrine. 2022. The stylistics of 'you'. Second-person pronoun and its pragmatic effects. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), this article compares the use of the second-person pronoun in three different narratives written by Black writers: Jamaica Kincaid's essay, A Small Place (1988), Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's short story "The Thing Around Your Neck" (2009) and Caleb Azumah Nelson's first novel Open Water (2021). It highlights how the racial nature and assumed universality of you is exposed in the texts and argues that the pronoun works as a powerful vector of otherness, bringing the (white Western) reader to experience racism in most intimate terms. The three texts propose varied stylistic constellations that draw on the flexibility of the pronoun in terms of potential reference, entailing different positionings of audiences, going from "self-ascription" (Wechsler, Stephen. 2010. What 'I' and 'you' mean to each other: Person indexicals, self-ascription, and theory of mind. Language 86(2). 332–365) to "enactment" (Caracciolo, Marco. 2014. The experientiality of narrative. Berlin: De Gruyter; Popova, Yanna B. 2015. Stories, meaning and experience: Narrativity and enaction. London & New York: Routledge). The article also evidences how the inter/intra-personal pronoun triggers a blurring of traditional stylistic and narratorial labels and lines. Lastly, from an enactive perspective that sees reading as an intersubjective participatory act where meaning emerges in the very interaction between a teller and a reader, this article sees communicating as an act of coordination based on the metaphor, communicating is dancing, inspired by Azumah Nelson's rhythmic novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers literary criticism on Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea," emphasizing the narrative strategy of paired oppositions at both macro and micro levels. Topics include thematic contrasts like youth vs. old age, individual vs. community, and man vs. nature, analyzed through structural elements and character interactions.

al-Durr al-Manthur fi Tafsir bil-Ma'thur, one of the distinguished works of Suyûtî (d. 911/1505), is one of the most comprehensive narration-type commentaries. In this work, al-Suyūtī avoided presenting his own opinions in his exegesis of the verses, preferring instead to use the narrations available to him. Thanks to the method he adopted, ad-Durr al-manthūr, which gathers a considerable part of the tafsīr scholarship up to his own time, resembles a collection of tafsīr in this form. Its structure consisting solely of narrations makes it an absolute narrative exegesis. Another remarkable feature of this work is that some of its sources have not survived. The tafsīr of Muhammad b. Yūsuf al-Firyābī (d. 212/827) is one of these lost sources. al-Firyābī was a well-respected scholar who was mostly known for his hadīth and tafsīr, and was generally regarded as "sika" (reliable) by hadīth authorities. The hadiths narrated by him are included in all of the Qutub al-Sitta. He lived about a century before Abu Bakr Ja'far b. Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Firyābī (d. 301/913), who bears the same attribution as him and is also known in our country. He is known to be a Turk according to his nisab in the sources. Firyābī was also a favorite student of Sufyān al-Sawrī (d. 161/778), a prominent figure of the early period, and one of the greatest teachers of the famous hadīth scholar al-Bukhārī (d. 256/870). Considering all these aspects, it is a sad loss that we do not have Firyābī's tafsīr. From his narrations, which we have access to through ad-Durr al-manthūr, it is clear that he touched upon a wide range of topics. These narrations served as a source for the tafsirs written in later periods and played an important role in the formation of today's understanding of tafsir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community engagement has a range of positive individual and societal implications. Gaps remain, however, in understanding the events, relationships, and contexts that set some on a path toward community leadership while many others remain less engaged. This article distills insights from qualitative analysis of 52 in-depth interviews with community leaders from around the United States. We examine the experiences that community leaders perceive to be most influential to their development, identifying three distinct developmental pathways among community leaders: early socialization experiences, gradual life transitions, and catalytic turning points. Analysis of these three categories of narratives suggests strategies to support community leadership development among individuals with different types of initiating experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Barracoon: The Story of the Last "Black Cargo" (2018) and At the Full and Change of the Moon (1999), Zora Neale Hurston and Dionne Brand, two prominent African diasporic writers, pen narratives in which they centralize the challenges ingrained in the in-between spaces Black people occupy at the nexus of slavery and freedom. Through Hurston's non-fiction narrative and Brand's fictional narrative, they offer us important stories in which two African-descended men, Kossola and Kamena, bravely inhabit that nexus and willfully forge a space in which they assert and pursue their versions of freedom and fulfillment despite the tragedies and longing that haunt them. In Barracoon and At the Full and Change of the Moon, both authors document how persistent freedom quests and insistence on retaining and passing remembrances serve as forms of resistance to consumption by this liminal space. In both texts, then, Hurston and Brand provide us with important African diasporic narratives about the continuity of survival, resilience, and empowerment in the face of tremendous adversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Might the pre-revolutionary setting of Boston, as depicted in Hawthorne's "My Kinsman, Major Molineux," relate to high-society Paris in James's The Ambassadors? What do the nepotistic outlooks of Robin Molineux and Lambert Strether have in common? How does the narrative technique of Hawthorne's tale anticipate the artistry of one of James's most complex narratives, and in what manner does James go beyond his predecessor in refining the reflector-narrator technique? The magnitude and significance of such concerns—although in Hawthorne's tale, historically momentous; in James's narrative, highly personal—stand to enhance understanding of how James enhanced the narrative technique of "My Kinsman, Major Molineux" in dramatic renderings of apperceptive consciousness and post-factum narrative speculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New Film historians purport that the historical progression of world cinema has fundamentally been shaped by the transition from the 'cinema of attractions' to the 'cinema of narrative integration.' From a historical perspective, these two concepts reflected not only two visions of the cinema's functions, but they also related to two crucial moments of the development of worldwide filmmaking. This development has often been associated with the shift from 'non-narrativity' (incorporated in films of early cinema) to narrativity (exemplified in the rise of Hollywood). From an aesthetic-based standpoint, the two definitions indicated two opposing modes of visualization and two stylistic choices: Showing and telling. In a similar way to the evolution of world cinema, Mohamed Osfour's film practice developed alongside its transition from 'attraction' to 'narration.' This shift reflected Osfour's intellectual commitment and his understanding of the cinematic apparatus' social functions. The present article argues that Osfour's films of the early postcolonial period – Al-Ibn Al-a'k (The Damned Child, 1956), Al-Yatim (The Orphan Boy, 1957), and Al-Harib (Fugitive, 1962) – represented the rise of Moroccan narrative film and instigated the move to a film practice that capitalized on the narrator system. It seemed that the liberating context of post-colonial Morocco implicitly played a part in this shift, allowing Osfour to look for narrative spaces where he could manipulate the pro-filmic to tell and write (his)story. Based on the concept of 'cinema of narrative integration' – as theorized by Tom Gunning (1994) – this article demonstrates how these cinematic works developed film stylistics that aligned with the dominant features of narrative cinema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the creation of a feminine, untimely relationship to history in two late Victorian ghost stories, Vernon Lee's "Oke of Okehurst" (1886) and E. Nesbit's "Man-Size in Marble" (1887). Nineteenth-century ghost stories, I argue, perform a radical mode of historical thinking and narration, one that rebukes conventional linear time and empiricist historicism. As ambassadors from the past, these literary ghosts confirm the doctrine of historical continuity while simultaneously undercutting it through their subversion of the orthodox frame narrative. Lee's and Nesbit's female protagonists exploit the anachronistic potential of ghostliness, shattering their husbands' deterministic mode of nationalist historical reasoning. In this way, this paper refigures the genre as more than an antiquated diversion from the realist fiction of the period, revealing the ghost story's serious intervention in conventional historical imaginaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Misperception of others' sexual willingness or consent is widely considered to contribute to sexual coercion. Sexual arousal is commonly present among those in situations with potential to result in sexual assault. The current research tests the effects of sexual arousal on related attitudes: including those toward token resistance, assertive sexual strategies, and affirmative consent. Sexual arousal was primed through a narrative writing paradigm. Results indicate sexual arousal led all participants to be more likely to endorse belief in female token resistance, and led women to more strongly endorse men's assertive sexual strategies. Implications for research on sexual consent are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that pedagogical activity is eminently discursive, this article seeks to provide conceptual elements that help to describe teachers' pedagogical discourse when teaching curricular contents. Working from the constructivist tradition and the cultural psychology approach, which uphold the social and cultural origin of human cognition, a discursive model is proposed that involves two dimensions: the dialogic-monologic and the narrative-paradigmatic. From the dialogic pole, teaching maintains the naturalness of a spontaneous conversation, intentionally including pedagogical elements that inquire into the students' comprehension of the information and promoting argumentation, participation and the extension of group discussion. From the narrative pole, teaching seeks to contextualize the thematic contents to help students to gain perspective and understand the course and intentionality of actions. Considering both perspectives of analysis, we propose a conceptual schema for studying the phenomenon of teaching in which we theoretically characterize the different types of pedagogical discourses that emerge when articulating these two dimensions. Finally, we point to future lines of research that could emerge from this proposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the unnatural narration in Angela Carter's novel The Infernal Desire Machines of Doctor Hoffman and addresses the issue of how to make sense of it. Drawing upon unnatural narratology, it examines the first-person narrator Desiderio's paralepsis, i.e. how he violates the mimetic rules of first-person narration by presenting knowledge that should be inaccessible to him. In terms of interpretation, the study first evaluates two options – the naturalizing one that reads Desiderio as an unreliable narrator and the unnaturalizing one that foregrounds the nonrepresentative nature of the narrative – and identifies their respective deficiencies. It further proposes a form of naturalization that sees first-person narration as modeled on the genre of novel and attributes Desiderio's paralepsis to his narratorial invention. It is argued that in coming to terms with the narrator's omniscient qualities, we should duly consider his characterological motivation and overall performance of narrative authority. Desiderio's assumption of competencies that he does not properly have in fact reflects a desire for control and mastery over his life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of Shi’i traditionalist sources precedent to the early traditionalist ‘Asl’ books is not clear in some aspects except for some brief reviews, based upon supposition, of their contents. In order to reconstruct the traditionalist sources and historiography of Shi’i traditionalists, it seems necessary to relocate the works of Jibril bn. Ahmad Fariabi as one of the frequently-narrated scholars of Khorasan by Kashshi, the author of one of the early traditionalist Asls. This research, with descriptive-analytical approach, and using methods such as analysing the documents, locating the common segments, and elaborating semantic relationships of the narrations tries to relocate Jibril as a traditionalist and narrator as well as his works, and discover his pattern and basis in narrating traditions as an early textualist traditionalist. Thus, by evaluating his narrations from each chief scholar, it was proved that he had used Al-Rijal of Mohammd bn. Isa in form of hearing, and Almazmumeen and Almamduheen of Mohammad bn. Abdullah bn. Mehran was indicated. Also, his tendency to polemical thoughts of Mohmd bn. Isa and disagreement with polemical and narrative views of Zurara, using the ‘Ghali’ (exaggerators) sources, and denying him as the author of Mafakhir A-Kufa wa Al-Basra was clarified. His approch as a positive textualist traditionalist was also specified. Having into consideration Jibril’s thought and manner of narrating, Kashshi has benefitted from his narrations to explain other narrations and has criticised them in fewer occasions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discursive struggles for legitimation are a constitutive feature of the politically guided deployment of force. This dynamic of political communication frequently entails engaging with multiple audiences, such as international, local, and intra-group. As it compels actors to diversify their narrative strategies, it often results in conflicting statements. We argue that a particular discursive strategy, which we call the collectivization of the self, provides actors with an instrument to address different audiences with a singular narrative. We present this strategy through a content and qualitative analysis of Bin Laden's statements on terrorist actions and Bush's speeches on the intervention in Afghanistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his debut novel, Kamel Daoud retells the story of French novelist and philosopher Albert Camus's 1942 novel L'Étranger. Told from the vantage point of Harun, the brother of the nameless Arab killed in L'Étranger, Daoud's Meursault, contre-enquête (2013) is a complex tribute to the Nobel prize-winning author. This essay argues that Daoud's creative reworking of Albert Camus's classic lies in the way it reframes the question of postcolonial rewriting in terms of literary affiliation – a question of choice – rather than of filiation – a question of lineage and hierarchy. It then offers to reread the 'postcolonial remake' as an act of 'de-narration' – a creative act of revision – that enables Kamel Daoud to evade the stereotypical postcolonial readings of his novel. What is most ingenious in the narration of Meursault, contre-enquête is its constant reference to the performance of rewriting Camus's text not as a form of cultural reappropriation but as a metanarrative exposing its own story to the same critical scrutiny as he does Camus's. Even when literary and political problematics converge in Daoud's novel, they do not suggest the postcolonial tale of retribution. Rather, they elicit a new model of literary and social bond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration can be understood as a breach in life experience, creating a transition, and identity narratives as a strategy to repair this breach. Our study focuses on how two classical dilemmas that characterize this process are navigated in the narrative of migration of the participant (An Ecuadorian migrant woman in Andalusia): self versus others, and continuity of the self over time, despite changes. A semi-structured interview was conducted to achieve the objectives of the study. The interview was transcribed and analyzed on three axes: 1) Migration settings, identifying the dominant spaces of interaction where the migration narrative takes place; 2) Migration I-positions and voices, identifying the I-positions and voices involved in the narrative; and 3) Continuities and discontinuities in the identity narrative. The results demonstrated that the main settings and positions in the narrative were related to nationality, gender, and religion in relation to the dilemmas of self versus others and continuity versus change. These positions help the participant negotiate self-continuity in front of the changes associated with migration and the resistance against xenophobic discourses and positions in the host country. Results support the analysis of the transition processes associated to migration based on the concept of proculturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

James Phelan presents his rhetorical approach to narrative in opposition to the existing paradigm in contemporary narrative theory. His rhetorical poetics is therefore described as a search for a new paradigm. This article argues, however, that Phelan's view of narrative does not challenge the dominant paradigm within narrative theory. The main reason his approach fails to meet its goals is that it shares the common narratological aim of comprehending narrative according to a particular definition. Although the rhetorical emphasis on the action of somebody telling somebody else might seem applicable to most communicative situations we deem to be narrative, his definition is problematic in relation to literary fiction and fictional storytelling across different media. The article's examination of the key principles of Phelan's rhetorical theory thus leads to an interrogation of the methodological implications of his definition of narrative, in particular by analyzing the example of character narration. The author also presents a revised rhetorical approach, understanding narrative as a term used to denote communicative actions within a variety of contexts. The motivation behind this alternative lies not only in its theoretical contribution but also in its methodological possibilities, connecting the study of narrative fiction across different media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gratitude goes to the heart of discussions about ethics, care, and responsibility in a more-than-human world. Surprisingly, gratitude remains peripheral to geographical considerations of human-environment interrelations and sustainability. Moving beyond questions about whether gratitude to nature is sensible, we develop an understanding of gratitude that is relational, emotional, and practical (or enacted). We argue that focus on gratitude draws attention to a kind of attachment thus far neglected in geography, as well as enabling a new lens for what people value about their everyday lives, the labour of nonhuman-others in fostering a 'good life', and efforts to recognise and reinforce human-nonhuman interconnection. Drawing on emails written to trees in Naarm/Melbourne, we illustrate gratitude to trees for: support of life, aesthetic pleasures, moments of distraction, and solace in difficult times. Whether tantalisingly short or in-depth narration, individually and collectively, the emails demonstrate how people conceptualise and practice gratitude to nature in their everyday lives. Through attending to the power of small, embodied, emplaced gestures of thanks to trees, our analysis also suggests new ways of understanding people's commitments to nature and possibilities for securing better futures for urban forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autobiographical memory is a complex blend of memories of single, recurring, and extended events integrated into a coherent story of self, that is created and evaluated through sociocultural practices. These memories once integrated are recalled/retrieved through distinctive cues (different cues inducing different memories), both voluntarily and involuntarily. Yaa Gyasi is a young American novelist of African descent and her novel Homegoing (2016) is a story of history, colonialism, separation, migration, slavery, inter and intra-personal relations, and conflicts. Memory therefore is a dominant occurrence in Gyasi's works. This paper analyses the use and allusion of five primary senses and their role as distinctive cues inducing distinct memories for the characters throughout the course of the novel. The study highlights how this usage helps Gyasi shape her characters and their characteristics connecting many small tales into one large narration. The paper also enquires how recalling and practicing other cues, mainly socio-cultural and religious, helps in forming and strengthening relations between similar groups of people in faraway lands through their shared collective memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I critically analyse biomedical clinical studies and literature reviews regarding the physiological phenomenon known as female ejaculation to demonstrate a process by which androcentric bias, which positions the male body as the scientific 'standard human', produces what I term as knowledge-driven ignorance. I show how even though knowledge about female ejaculation has expanded, its biomedical ontological status remains vague and controversial. The production of ignorance in this case does not result from active erasure or concealment, but rather from unintentional disregard, and is a by-product of knowledge-creation itself. As such, it is not only the narration of the scientific story that has the power to abject and exclude certain bodies from culture, but also what is untold and unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the role of emotions in generating ideas for personal narrative writing in primary grades. Topics include the intertwined relationship between emotions and memory, the significance of emotionally based experiences in narrative writing, and the prewriting process as a crucial step in facilitating students' exploration of strong emotions to develop relevant writing topics.

Gilles Deleuze in the "Logic of Sensation" that is a reading of the paintings of Francis Bacon, explicitly criticize the narration. But in fact he criticizes figurative and representational narration, and highlight an alternative narration that exist in the work of Bacon. Our problem in this article is this alternative narration, not in the works of Bacon but in the work of Deleuze himself, in this book. I think Deleuze have a very interesting narrative attitude in this book, he is a theater director. Through elimination of all the figurative and representational narrative elements, Deleuze receive two elements: scene and figure. Empty scene and isolated figure in the scene. We adhere to these two element in the whole of our narration and reveal changeable relations between these two element, changeable relations that operate as engine of our narration. If these two elements are main elements of our narration, the theme of our narration is this: liberation of the frigid figure. This liberation had five step for figure: 1) isolation. 2) deformation 3) dissipation 4) disappearation 5) liberated figure as an acrobat, in other words, athleticism in the bedroom. These five step are five step of a theater that in the end of that, occur the liberation of the figure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mean dependency distance (MDD) and mean hierarchical distance (MHD) are two linguistic measures used in dependency syntax studies to investigate the syntactic features of compositions written by English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. However, their applicability and validity in differentiating proficiency levels and genre effects among Japanese as a foreign language (JFL) learners remain unknown. This study uses a longitudinal dataset that tracks 110 Chinese JFL learners over 12 months and examines their syntactic development as well as the effects of genres. The results indicate that both MDD and MHD effectively capture developmental and genre effects; moreover, both measures show significantly higher values in argumentative writing than narrative writing. However, the extent of genre effects over time is not the same in MDD and MHD. The findings provide new insights into the developmental characteristics of JFL learners' interlanguage and may contribute to evaluating syntactic complexity and developing automatic evaluation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communicating science is a core component of the Sea Grant model. Telling compelling stories that convey accurate and balanced information in an interesting manner is key to these communications efforts and to achieving the organization's overall goal of an engaged public and decision-makers. This article outlines and highlights best practices for some of the most commonly used storytelling mediums: narrative writing, photography and video, and podcasts. The importance of conducting first-hand reporting, placing a narrative focus on people, and taking time to formulate a thoughtful and strategic communications approach are key takeaways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork among the Lulesámi, a subgroup of the indigenous Sámi of northern Fennoscandia, this article explores the relationship between indigenous identity and dress. The gáppte, traditional dress, is a central visual marker of the Sámi, yet on a personal and everyday basis this symbolism enters into dialogue, and sometimes conflict, with people's life experiences, emotions, interests and expectations. Understandings and experiences of the gáppte are placed within a context in which the Sámi community at times is experienced as fragmented and where a history of colonialism and discrimination has left lasting imprints. As shown in the article, narrations of dress unfold how relationships that for long have been marked by oppression and discrimination raise specific forms of awareness as well as questions around what constitutes the self, and how such self can or should be expressed. Through ten different perspectives of the gáppte, the article reveals how different ways of being Sámi become negotiated and materialized through dress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]