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Background: The predictive value of diverse subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for dementia and death is highly variable.Objective: To compare the predictive value of several MCI subtypes in progression to dementia and/or mortality in the NEDICES (Neurological Disorders in Central Spain) elderly cohort.Methods: Retrospect algorithmic MCI subgroups were established in a non-dementia baseline NEDICES cohort using Spanish adaptations of the original Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-37) and Pfeffer's Functional Activities Questionnaire (Pfeffer-11). The presence of MCI was defined according two cognitive criteria: using two cut-offs points on the total MMSE-37 score. Five cognitive domains were used to establish the MCI subtypes. Functional capacity (Pfeffer-11) was preserved or minimally impaired in all MCI participants. The incident dementia diagnoses were established by specialists and the mortality data obtained from Spanish official registries.Results: 3,411 participants without dementia were assessed in 1994-5. The baseline prevalence of MCI varied according to the MCI definition (4.3%-31.8%). The follow-up was a mean of 3.2 years (1997-8). The dementia incidence varied between 14.9 and 71.8 per 1,000/person-years. The dementia conversion rate was increased in almost all MCI subgroups (p >  0.01), and mortality rate was raised only in four MCI subtypes. The amnestic-multi-domain MCI (aMd-MCI) had the best dementia predictive accuracy (highest positive likelihood ratio and highest clinical utility when negative).Conclusions: Those with aMd-MCI were at greatest risk of progression to dementia, as in other surveys and might be explored with increased attention in MCI research and in dementia preventive trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a paucity of data concerning the specific associations between hip fracture in the elderly and other age-related conditions, as well as its impact on long-term survival. This study was aimed to estimate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcome of self-reported hip fracture (srHF) in a cohort of Spanish elderly individuals. Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) is a census population-based survey of the prevalence and incidence of major age-associated conditions in three areas of central Spain. Data on health status and several chronic conditions were evaluated in the baseline questionnaire (1994-1995). Odds ratios for the association between srHF and other comorbidities and health-related variables were assessed by logistic regression. A Cox model estimated the impact of srHF on 13-year all-cause mortality. The final cohort comprised 5,278 community-living elderly subjects. A total of 166 participants (3.1%) had srHF. Prevalence was associated with higher age, female gender, degree of urbanisation of residence place, lower body mass index (BMI), higher number of chronic medications, higher Pfeffer FAQ score, being unmarried ( P < 0.001 for all), and infantile living conditions ( P = 0.007). Participants with srHF had a higher number of associated chronic conditions ( P < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, self-reported osteoporosis, lower BMI category, rural environment during childhood, and higher age were identified as independent risk factors for srHF. Adjusted hazard ratio for mortality in the srHF group was 1.40 (95% confidence interval 1.15-1.71; P = 0.001). srHF is a common condition among community-living elderly population in Spain, and has a significant impact upon long-term all-cause mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Neurological Disorders in Central Spain, second survey (NEDICES-2) is a population-based, closed-cohort study that will include over 8000 subjects aged ≥55 years. It will also include a biobank., Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate all major aspects of the NEDICES-2 (methods, database, screening instruments, and questionnaires, as well as interexpert rating of the neurological diagnoses) in each one of the planned areas (all of them in central Spain) and to test the possibility of obtaining biological samples from each participant., Methods: A selection of patients and participants of the planned NEDICES-2 underwent face-to-face interviews including a comprehensive questionnaire on demographics, current medications, medical conditions, and lifestyle habits. Biological samples (blood, saliva, urine, and hair) were also obtained. Furthermore, every participant was examined by a neurologist., Results: In this pilot study, 567 study participants were enrolled (196 from hospitals and 371 from primary care physician lists). Of these 567, 310 completed all study procedures (questionnaires and the neurological evaluation). The study was time-consuming for several primary care physicians. Hence, a few primary care physicians from some areas refused to participate, which led to a reconfiguration of study areas. In addition, the central biobank needed to be supplemented by the biobanks of local Spanish National Health System hospitals., Conclusions: Population-based epidemiological surveys, such as the NEDICES-2, require a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of all aspects of a future field study (population selection, methods and instruments to be used, neurological diagnosis agreement, and data collection)., (©Jesús Hernández-Gallego, Sara Llamas-Velasco, Felix Bermejo-Pareja, Saturio Vega, Ester Tapias-Merino, Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez, Elina Boycheva, José Ignacio Serrano, Juan-Francisco Gil-García, Rocio Trincado, José-María Vizcaino Sánchez-Rodrigo, Jesús Cacho, Israel Contador, Sara Garcia-Ptacek, Fernando Sierra-Hidalgo, Esther Cubo, Eva Carro, Alberto Villarejo-Galende, Rosalía García García-Patino, Julián Benito-León. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 10.01.2019.)

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is the most common tremor disorder. ET has classically been viewed as a benign monosymptomatic condition. Yet over the past 10 years, a growing body of evidence indicates that this is a progressive condition that is clinically heterogeneous, and may be associated with a variety of different features. Large epidemiological studies such as the Neurological Disorders of Central Spain (NEDICES), a longitudinal, population-based survey, have contributed significantly to the changing view of the disease. Our aim is to review some of the main results of NEDICES within the larger framework of the epidemiology of ET., Methods: Data for this review were gathered from all our articles published up to October 2011 regarding NEDICES study and "Essential Tremor"., Results: We have published 18 articles up to October 2011. The prevalence, incidence, and mortality of ET were analyzed in this cohort. In addition, ET was found to be associated with increased frailty and low morale, as well as with a series of non-motor manifestations, including cognitive deficits, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, depressive symptoms, and hearing impairment. Finally, the link between ET and Parkinson's disease (PD) was formally quantified in the NEDICES study, which demonstrated that the risk of developing incident PD was 4.3 times higher in prevalent ET cases than in age-matched controls without ET., Conclusions: This review highlights the contributions of NEDICES towards the advancement of current knowledge of the epidemiology and clinical features of ET, and emphasizes the importance of population-based studies towards the understanding of complex, ageing-related diseases.