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Swiss needle cast (SNC) is an important foliage disease of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) caused by the native pathogen Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii (T. Rohde) Videira, C. Nakash., U. Braun & Crous, which has been present in epidemic proportions in coastal Douglas-fir forests since the 1990s. Under conducive environmental and stand conditions, the fungal fruiting bodies emerge on young needles, inhibiting gas exchange and causing premature needle casting and subsequent growth losses. Using a new regional plot network, which extends and approximately doubles the area of SNC-susceptible coastal forest sampled, we investigated the distribution of SNC disease indices across the region and throughout individual tree crowns. Foliage retention varied from 1.15 to 3.9 years, and disease severity index (incidence × % occluded stomata) ranged from 0.05% to 52.11%. Foliage retention was positively correlated with distance from the coast and elevation, while foliage retention and disease severity were negatively associated across the study area. Within crowns, disease severity was negatively associated with crown depth, and foliage retention was positively associated with crown depth, regardless of distance from coast. Across the entire study area, foliage retention was found to decrease and disease severity increase with latitude, all else being equal. Tree growth metrics are positively associated with increasing foliage retention, and normal growth occurs greater than ∼3.2 years.

포스트휴머니즘은 인간 이성의 합리성에 대한 특권적인 인식과 인간과 다른 종의 명확한 위계를 기반으로 하는 휴머니즘에 대한 비판적 인식을 바탕으로 등장하였다. 한낙원은 1950년대에 작품 활동을 시작하여 40여 년간 주로 아동과 청소년을 대상으로 한 과학소설을 발표했다. 포스트휴먼 담론이 본격적으로 대두되기 이전에 창작되었음에도, 그의 과학소설은 다채로운 포스트휴머니즘적 상상력을 포함하고 있다. 한낙원의 소설에서 포스트휴머니즘적 상상력이 드러나 있는 방식에 대하여 본고에서는 두 가지 측면으로 나누어 분석하였다. 먼저 이종(異種)에 대한 새로운 상상을 보여주고 있는 작품들에 대해 살펴보았다. 한낙원은 「사랑은 하나」,「길 잃은 애톰」등의 작품을 통해 존재의 단위에 대한 새로운 인식을 드러냈으며, 「미애의 로봇 친구」, 「어떤 기적」등의 작품에서는 비인간 인물과의 유대와 공존을 다룸으로써 종 간의 경계에 대한 포스트휴먼적 인식을 보여주었다. 이어 한낙원의 작품 중에는 인간중심주의로부터의 탈피를 시도하고 있는 것들도 있음을 확인하였다.「사라진 헹글라이더」,「인조인간 피에로」 등의 작품에서는 인간의 입지에 대한 새로운 인식을 보여주고 있으며,『금성탐험대』에서는 인간의 합리성에 대해 보다 직접적으로 의문을 던지면서 인간중심적인 사고를 뒤집고 있다. 한낙원의 과학소설은 인간의 입지와 다른 종의 관계, 인간중심주의적 사유에 대한 새로운 상상력을 드러내고 있다. 이는 이후 대두하는 포스트휴먼적인 사유와 관련성을 지니는 것이다. 이처럼 포스트휴머니즘적 관점은 이전 시기의 작품들에 대해서도 그 새로운 의의를 발견해내는 접근법이 될 수 있다.

A tanulmany egy empirikus modszert kinal harom magyar nevszoi esetrag jelenteseinek elkulonitesere. A harom vizsgalt esetrag a -nak/-nek, a -hoz/-hez/-hoz es a -nal/-nel, mindegyik gazdag poliszem jelentesstrukturaval rendelkezik. A vizsgalat celja az volt, hogy meg lehessen allapitani az egyes jelenteseket, megpedig anyanyelvi beszelők intuicioi alapjan. Ehhez egy előzetes korpusz alapu vizsgalat utan csoportositasi feladatot vegeztettem 25 anyanyelvi beszelővel, akiknek a feladata az volt, hogy a kivalasztott esetragok 20–20 előfordulasabol tetszőleges csoportokat allitsanak fel a ragok jelentese alapjan. Az adatokon Past szoftverrel hierarchikus klaszteranalizist vegeztem, az eredmenyek dendrogramon abrazolhatok. A dendrogramrol leolvashato csoportok az egyes ragok jelenteseinek elrendeződeseről arulnak el sokat a poliszem jelenteshalozatban. | The paper offers an empirical method for distinguishing the meanings of three Hungarian case suffixes. The three examined suffixes are -nak/-nek (dative case suffix), -hoz/-hez/-hoz (allative case suffix) and -nal/-nel (adessive case suffix). Every one of them has a widely polysemous semantic structure. The aim of the experiment was to distinguish the meanings through language users’ intuitions. For this reason I made a corpus based preliminary examination and then a sorting task with 25 informants. Their task was to create arbitrary groups out of 20 sentences containing instantiations of the suffixes, based on the meanings of the suffixes. Past software made hierarchical clustering analyses out of the data, the results are shown on dendrograms. The branches of the dendrograms tell us about the arrangement of the meanings of the suffixes in the polysemous semantic network.

The influence of the temperature and duration of aging of a hydrogel on the particle size and morphology of crystals of LSX zeolite in the NaK-form has been studied. It has been found that hydrogel aging should be carried out at a temperature not exceeding 30°C for a time of 48–72 h to prepare crystals with a narrow particle size distribution and an average size of up to 2 μm.

Security properties are within the fundamental concerns in the original protocol stack of named data networking (NDN) paradigm. However, NDN still cannot evade some serious network attacks, such as the notorious interest flooding attack (IFA). To mitigate the IFA, interest Negative ACKnowledgments (NACK) may be one of the best countering candidates in NDN, yet does not attract enough concerns. In this paper, we first present a more powerful type of IFA using interest packets with real names rather than spoofed ones to confuse detections. Then, we evaluate the effectiveness of interest NACK on mitigating IFA via a modified susceptible-infected-susceptible epidemic model. In this quantitative analysis tool, we introduce a variable curing parameter to accurately characterize the impact of interest NACK on chosen NDN routers. Moreover, we derive the upper bound for the infection fraction of NDN routers with and without interest NACK, and deduce the relationship between the fraction of total infected nodes and those with NACK implementation. In addition, the accuracy of the proposed model is verified by extensive simulations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to theoretically analyze the NDN NACK mechanism on mitigating IFA via the epidemic theory.

The capacity region of 1-to- K broadcast packet erasure channels with ACK/NACK is well known for some scenarios, e.g., $ {K}\leq 3$ , etc. However, existing achievability schemes either require knowing the target rate $\vec {{R}}$ in advance, and/or have a complicated description of the achievable rate region that is difficult to prove whether it matches the capacity or not. This work proposes a new network coding scheme with the following features: (i) its achievable rate region is identical to the capacity region for all the scenarios in which the capacity is known; (ii) its achievable rate region is much more tractable and has been used to derive new capacity rate vectors; (iii) it employs sequential encoding that naturally handles dynamic packet arrivals; (iv) it automatically adapts to unknown packet arrival rates $\vec {{R}}$ ; (v) it is based on $\mathsf {GF}({q})$ with ${q}\geq {K}$ . In addition to analytically characterizing the achievable rate region of the proposed scheme, numerical simulation has been used to verify its queue length and delay performance.

In hop-based burst-cluster transmission, multiple bursts are assembled simultaneously and sorted from the smallest number of hops to the largest one. By doing so, the burst loss probability for a large number of hops decreases, improving fairness. How- ever, in mesh networks, the amount of trac on each link is not necessarily the same, and hence degrades the performance of hop-based burst-cluster transmis- sion. In this paper, we propose dynamic burst or- dering to solve this problem. Here, each source node calculates the burst loss probability for each number of hops using ACK and NACK messages. Based on the calculated probabilities, the source node changes the order of bursts within a burst-cluster dynami- cally. It is expected that this method can improve local fairness for each source node. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method in tandem net- works by simulation. Numerical examples show that the proposed method is eective for improving fair- ness for each source node regardless of the amount of trac on each link.

Zeolites with appropriately narrow pore apertures can kinetically enhance the selective adsorption of CO2 over N-2. Here, we showed that the exchangeable cations (e.g., Na' or K) on zeolite ZK-4 play, an important role in the CO2 selectivity. Zeolites NaK ZK-4 with Si/Al = 1.8-2.8 had very high CO2 selectivity when an intermediate number of the exchangeable cations were K+ (the rest being Na+) Zeolites NaK ZK-4 with Si/Al = 1.8 had high CO, uptake capacity and very high CO2-over-N-2 selectivity (1190). Zeolite NaK ZK-4 with Si/A1 = 2.3 and 2.8 also had enhanced CO2 selectivity with an intermediate number of K cations. The high CO, selectivity was related to the I(' cation in the 8 -rings of the alpha-cage, together with Na+ cations in the 6 -ring, obstructing the diffusion of N2 throughout the zeolite. The positions of the K+ cation in the 8 -ring moved slightly (max 0.2 angstrom) toward the center of the a-cage upon the adsorption of CO2, as revealed by in situ X-ray diffraction. The CO2-over-N-2 selectivity was somewhat reduced when the number of K+ cations approached 100%. This was possibly due to the shift in the IC' cation positions in the 8 -ring when the number of Na+ was going toward 0%, glowing N, diffusion through the 8 -ring. According to 'm situ infrared spectroscopy, the amount of chemisorbed CO2 was reduced on zeolite ZK-4s with increasing Si/Al ratio. In the context of potential applications, a kinetically enhanced selection of CO2 could be relevant for applications in carbon capture and bio- and natural gas upgrading.

Alkoxyhalogenation of dihalostyrenes with allyl or propargyl alcohol and N-bromosuccinimide or crystalline iodine in the presence of clinoptilolite [(NaK)4CaAl6Ci30O72] afforded the corresponding unsaturated β-halo ethers with high yields.

Adiabatic potential energy curves (APEC) of the singlet (s) and triplet (t) Sigma+, Pi, and Delta electronic states have been calculated for the NaK molecule. All results of the presented molecular states have been obtained by the nonrelativistic multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method used with pseudopotentials describing the interaction of valence electrons with atomic cores. In this approach, only the valence electrons of the Na and K atoms were treated explicitly. The core polarization potential has been also applied in calculations. Additionally, a bespoke basis set, generated and optimized for both ground and excited electronic states of the NaK system was developed. All computations were performed by means of the MOLPRO program package. Reported potentials are ready to compare with the results of other theoretical results and potential energy curves derived from experiments.

A procedure has been proposed for the synthesis of 2-aryl-5-methyl-1,4-dioxanes by alkoxyiodination of halogen-substituted styrenes with allyl alcohol in the presence of crystalline iodine, (NaK)4CaAl6Si30O72 clinoptilolite, and silicotungstic acid sodium salt Na4SiW12O40·19H2O in aqueous medium.

Notch Activation Complex Kinase, NACK, is a component of the Notch transcriptional machinery critical to Notch-mediated tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism by which NACK regulates the Notch-mediated transcription is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that NACK binds and hydrolyses ATP and that only ATP-bound NACK is able to bind to the Notch Ternary Complex (NTC). Considering this we sought to identify inhibitors of this ATP-Dependent function and, using computational pipelines, discovered the first small molecule inhibitor of NACK, Z271-0326, that directly blocks the activity of Notch-mediated transcription and shows potent antitumor activity in PDX mouse models. In conclusion, we have discovered the first inhibitor that holds promise for efficacious treatment of Notch-driven cancers by blocking the Notch downstream NTC activity.

Head to head comparison of available commercial antibodies against Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 by immunoblot (Western blot), immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. This work is part of the ALS-Reproducible Antibody Platform (ALS-RAP). ALS-RAPwas created as a public-private partnership by three leading ALS charities - the ALS Association (USA), the Motor Neurone Disease Association (UK), and the ALS Society of Canada.

Alkoxyiodination of alkyl allyl ethers with elemental iodine in allyl and propargyl alcohols in the presence of clinoptilolite [(NaK)4CaAl6Si30O72] gave the corresponding alkyl 2-(allyloxy or propargyloxy)-3-iodopropyl ethers in high yields.

Special handling is needed for the treatment of the management of solid medical waste, especially the hazardous and toxic wastes (B3) at the hospital so that the expected effects of this medical solid waste can be minimized. At the West Pasaman Regional General Hospital, the management of solid medical waste is carried out using a third party. In 2018, The hospital cooperated with PT Noor Annisa Kemikal with the number of the cooperation agreement Number 660/431 / RSUD-2018 and Number 0302 / NAK / PSM / II / 18 on 01-02-2018 and in 2019, with PT Andalas Bumi Lestari with the Agreement Number of Hazardous and Toxic Waste Treatment Services Number 445/003 / PKS / RSUD-2019 and Number 003.22 / ABL-PKS / II / 2019. In the implementation of management by third parties, the Hospital has to provide a quite large amount of budget for services for the management of solid medical waste by a third party. In order to make the existing budget effective and minimize the Budget absorption, the efforts taken are internal management systems so that some solid medical waste (especially Infusion Tubes) does not need to be handled by the third party and by utilizing existing technological equipment instead. Based on existing data, the West Pasaman Regional General Hospital undertakes efforts to process solid medical waste carried out internally by the Hospital itself by using a sterilization system using the existing technology, namely sterilizers. It is expected that the use of Sterilization technology can yield budget effectiveness approximately IDR. 168,890,000. - per year. This is done specifically for infusion tubes with a large density and considered the safest to be sterilized and recycled.

Bu calismada, su kabagi anaclarinin karpuzun bitki besin elementi alimina ve azot kullanim etkinligine etkileri arastirilmistir. Kalem olarak kullanilan Crimson Tide karpuz [C itrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mats. & Nak.] cesidi birisi koy cesidi (Birecik) ve dordu su kabagi ( Lagenaria siceraria ) melezi (Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRGold) olan anaclar uzerine asilanmistir. Asisiz Crimson Tide karpuz cesidi kontrol olarak kullanilmistir. Bitkiler dis kosullar uygun oluncaya kadar alcak plastik tunel altinda yetistirilmistir. Bitkiler 18 kg N da -1 , 20 kg P 2 O 5 da -1 ve 18 kg K 2 O da -1 olacak sekilde gubrelenmis, mikro element gubrelemesi yapilmamistir. Fosforun tamami taban gubresi olarak verilirken, N ve K uc esit parcaya bolunmustur. N ve K’ un ilk kismi taban gubresi olarak verilmis, ikinci kismi dikimden 20 sonra, ucuncu kisim ise dikimden 40 gun sonra verilmistir. Deneme tesaduf bloklari deneme desenine gore dort yinelemeli ve her yinelemede 15 bitki olacak sekilde kurulmustur. Bitkiler 200 x 50 cm mesafelerle dikilmis ve damla sulama yontemiyle sulanmistir. Bitki besin elementi analizleri surgun ucundan sonra tam gelismis yedi ve sekizinci yapraklarda yapilmistir. Asili ve asisiz bitkilerin yapraklarindaki N, P, K ve Ca acisindan bir fark bulunmazken, Mg icerikleri onemli farkliliklar gostermistir. Butun asili bitkiler asisiz bitkilerden daha fazla Fe icerigine sahip olurken, Cu ve Zn konsantrasyonlari anaca bagli olarak farklilik gostermistir. Asili bitkiler daha yuksek azot kullanim etkinligi ve verim degerlerine sahip olmuslardir. Bu calismada kullanilan anaclarin bitki besin elementi alimini tesvik ettigi, bitkisel gelisimi ve verimi artirdigi tespit edilmistir.

Fagineura Vikberg & Zinovjev, 2000 is recorded from China for the first time. Two species of Fagineura are described as new, F.flactoserrulasp. n. and F.xanthosomasp. n. A key to the species of Fagineura worldwide is provided, now including four species. In addition, a simple phylogenetic analysis of Fagineura species is provided, based on sequences of the COI and NaK genes.

This article deals with a neglected passage in J. Hector St. John de Crevecceur's unpublished writings, in which a farmer in one of the Maritime Colonies punishes one of his slaves by tying him nak ...

This chapter discusses Ridgel’s Fountain Citians, “The Bald Headed End of the Broom”, “The Nick Nack Song”, stringband, old-time music, family bands, rural humor, location recordings, and Vocational Records

Microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) enables atomic resolution structures to be determined from vanishingly small crystals. Soluble proteins typically grow crystals that are tens to hundreds of microns in size for X-ray crystallography. But membrane protein crystals often grow crystals that are too small for X-ray diffraction and yet too large for MicroED. These crystals are often formed in thick, viscous media that challenge traditional cryoEM grid preparation. Here, we describe two approaches for preparing membrane protein crystals for MicroED data collection: application of a crystal slurry directly to EM grids, and focused ion beam milling in a Scanning Electron Microscope (FIB-SEM). We summarize the case of preparing an ion channel, NaK, and the workflow of focused ion-beam milling. By milling away the excess media and crystalline material, crystals of any size may be prepared for MicroED. Finally, an energy filter may be used to help minimize inelastic scattering leading to lower noise on recorded images.

The accurate measurement of temperature is vital across a broad spectrum of human activities. Temperature can be measured using temperature sensor. The temperature sensor and real-time clock are interfaced with microcontroller. Both the time and the temperature are displayed on LCD. The I2C protocol is used because of its numerous advantages such as low pin count, adaptability to the need of slave devices, and incorporation of ACK/NACK functionality to improve error handling. A simulation circuit is designed to read the values of temperature from −55 to 155 °C. The developed simplified economic hardware system measures the meteorological temperature with a reasonably good accuracy of ±1 °C. The temperature measurement with time is used in a wide range of applications such as industry, health care, science, and technology.

Recent progress in single-cell genomics has generated multiple tools for cell clustering, annotation, and trajectory inference; yet, inferring their associated regulatory mechanisms is unresolved. Here we present scMomentum, a model-based data-driven formulation to predict gene regulatory networks and energy landscapes from single-cell transcriptomic data without requiring temporal or perturbation experiments. scMomentum provides significant advantages over existing methods with respect to computational efficiency, scalability, network structure, and biological application.AvailabilityscMomentum is available as a Python package at https://github.com/larisa-msoto/scMomentum.git

In the community of Nak’azdli First Nation, Elders are recognized and well respected as keepers and sharers of local knowledge and oral histories. In our prior work with Elders in Nak’azdli, more than half of the Elders surveyed wished to share their wisdom, skills, stories, and knowledge, especially with younger generations (Tonkin, Freeman, Martin, Ward, & Skinner, 2018). The community identified a need to preserve the stories of their Elders for future generations. Nak’azdli community representatives collaborated with university researchers to design an intergenerational digital storytelling program aimed to engage Elders with youth in the community to capture and share the Elders’ wisdom and knowledge and build the youths’ skills with technology (Freeman, Martin, Nash, Hausknecht, & Skinner, 2019). The challenge was to engage the Elders, youth, and the school interested and involved in this program and to build workshop sessions that worked for everyone to participate.

Durante el siglo X, la presencia del poder político e influencia de los omeyas en el Magreb se hace patente, no solo en los grandes envíos de monedas acuñadas en Córdoba para financiar la guerra con los fatimíes y sus aliados y la compra de voluntades sino, también, en las emisiones de moneda a nombre de los omeyas en algunas ciudades del Magreb. A las dos más importantes de Fās y Nakūr se han ido añadiendo, en años recientes, otras cecas que baten moneda a nombre de los omeyas. Sin duda la más importante de todas ellas fue la de Fās, con una producción bastante intensa mientras que la de Nakūr, en contra de lo sugerido en alguna ocasión, parece tener una producción mucho más limitada. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una recopilación y revisión de sus series analizando, por vez primera, un detallado repertorio de las imágenes y de la documentación historiográfica sobre la que se elaboraron los primeros repertorios de esta ceca, con el propósito de establecer con claridad los tipos, modelos y fechas conocidas de esta ceca para realizar una aproximación más acertada de su importancia o del volumen potencia de sus acuñaciones, During the 10th century, the presence of the political power and influence of the Umayyads of Al-Andalus in the Maghreb is evident, not only in the large shipments of coins minted in Córdoba to finance the war with the Fatimids and their allies and the purchase of wills but, also, in the issues of coins in the name of the Umayyads in some cities of the Maghreb. To the two most important ones are Fās and Nakūr, other mints have been added in recent years that minted coins in the name of the Umayyads. Undoubtedly the most important of them all was that of Fās, with a fairly intense production while that of Nakūr, contrary to those suggested on some occasion, seems to have a much more limited production. The objective of this work is to compile and review their series by analyzing, for the first time, a detailed repertoire of the images and historiographic documentation on which the first repertoires of this mint were elaborated in order to clearly establish the known types, models and dates of the coins of this mint to make a more accurate approximation of its importance or the magnitude or volume of its issues