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Aim of the study. Clarification of the functional and diagnostic significance of topography, or the type of fMRI-response recorded during active and passive hand movements in patients after traumatic brain injury.Material and methods. fMRI-responses gained during active and passive hand movements were analyzed in 40 patients with posttraumatic motor function disturbances and compared with results gained from 17 healthy volunteers (control group ).Results. In analyzed patients the increase of percentage of diffuse fMRI-response has been shown along with the areas of activation not typical for movement activation pattern typical healthy volunteers. The fMRI response type being it local or multifocal does not clearly correlate with the presence of motor function impairment (hemiparesis). However, it was found that with greater severity of hemiparesis there is a larger percentage of multifocal fMRI-response.The transition from a multifocal form of a motor fMRI-response to a local one observed in a dynamic study is accompanied by an improvement of patient’s general condition, a shift towards normalization of a number of morphofunctional indicators of the central nervous system, the tendency of regression of motor disorders.Conclusion. The increase of multifocal fMRI-responses in patients after traumatic brain injury is one of the signs of cerebral dysfunction. Dynamically observed transformation from multifocal to local fMRI-responses is associated with current or long-term improvement in motor activity as well, wit the regression of other clinical impairments and can be considered as prognostically positive sign of the course of post-traumatic illness.

Urethral pain syndrome (UPS) is characterized by the occurrence of persistent or recurrent pain in the urethra in the absence of a confirmed infection and other obvious local pathological changes. The study of its pathogenetic aspects is important first of all for understanding the causes of the disease, to prescribe effective treatment, specific recommendations for the prevention and treatment of this disease are also absent. This paper presents the advanced experience of our research group on the study of the urethral state by the in vivo cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT) method, and also the results of the microbiota analysis in the urethral tissues. The purpose of the study is to search for the risk factors for UPS and the character of changes in the urethral tissues, using the data of: 1) concomitant pathology, 2) structural changes in the urethral wall in UPS in comparison with chronic cystitis of bacterial etiology 3) studying the microbiota of urethral tissues. Materials and methods The condition of the urethra was studied in 109 patients: 55 of them with UPS (group "US"), without clinical manifestations of inflammation; 41 - with chronic inflammation of the lower urinary tract of various origins (group "Inf"); in 14 patients with stones of the upper urinary tract without pyelonephritis, the urethra was taken as the norm (group "N"). All performed a clinical minimum of studies, also cystoscopy with the study of the bladder triangle, the neck of the bladder and the urethra by the method of in vivo tissue imaging - CP OCT. The device "OCT-1300U" with wavelength of 1300 nm is used. To determine the possible role of UPS disease background, the analysis of concomitant pathology preceding the development of UPS was performed. To analyze the relationship of changes in the urethral tissues with the composition of its microbiota, a PCR study of biopsies from the proximal segment of the urethra was performed in 13 patients with UPS. Results Qualitative comparison of the thickness and character of the OCT signal of the urethral wall layers observed using CP OCT in the studied groups of patients allowed us to establish that the state of the epithelium and connective tissue structures of the mucous membrane in patients with UPS is not the norm, changes are similar to those in chronic inflammation. Changes in the character of the OCT signal were recorded in all parts of the urethra, but in the middle third they are most pronounced and most critical. In UPS, there is a brightly pronounced reorganization of the connective tissue stroma components. Pronounced fibrosis of subepithelial structures (increased signal brightness in the cross-channel compared to the norm) with their thickening was recorded in 48.2% of cases, and thinning/lack of visualization of the epithelial layer was detected in 20.5%, and in chronic inflammation 55.5% and 40.6% of cases, respectively. According to the results of PCR, only one patient had significant total bacterial contamination of the biopsy (TB=104.7). In all other cases, the total bacterial mass of the biopsies was at the level of negative control. Conclusions In patients with UPS, the presence of several concomitant, often chronic, diseases was revealed, which may be a premorbid background and one of the risk factors for the occurrence and maintenance of UPS. Pilot PCR studies of biopsies from the proximal segment of the urethra indicate that low values of bacterial contamination in the majority of patients with UPS do not exclude the possible role of bacteria in the development of the disease in some patients. The CP OCT method used in this study is currently the only one in vivo method of visualization of the urethral mucosa, which provides real-time images of structural changes in the epithelial (atrophy or hyperplasia) and connective tissue (active or latent inflammation with cellular infiltration or fibrosis) layers of the urethra, allowing better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and monitoring of therapy.

Introduction: There are several diseases recognized as variants of MS: post-infectious acute disseminated encephalitis, multiple sclerosis (MS), Rasmussen leukoencephalitis and Schilder's leukoencephalitis and related, but separate neuroimmune condition – Neuromyelitis Devic’s. In Kazakhstan diagnosis of such diseases was rare and immune modified treatment was only admitted after the age of 18. Clinical and immunogenetic study of MS spectrum diseases in Kazakhstan would allow to justify early targeted treatment. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate genes of the main complex of human histocompatibility (MHC) associated with diseases of MS spectrum in Kazakhstani population. Methods: Complex clinical, neuroimaging and immunogenetic studies were performed in 34 children (24 girls, 10 boys) aged 4 to 18 years. 21 children were diagnosed with MS (11 Kazakh origin and 10 – Russian; 4 boys, 17 girls), 7 with leucoencephalitis (all Kazakh, 5 boys, 2 girls) and 6 with Devic neuromyelitis optica (all Kazakh, 1 boy, 5 girls). Genotyping of HLA DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 genes was performed for all patients. Results: MS group was characterized by classical relapsing-remitting MS. Predominant haplotype as a linkage complex was DRB1*15:01~DQA1*01:02~DQB1*06:02 in 20 (47.6%) of 42 DR-alleles, in 16 (76.2%) patients. MS relative risk (RR) was 13,36 for ethnic Kazakhs and RR=5,55 in Russians. Leukoencephalitis had 7 children, with 28.6% mortality rate. The haplotype DRB1*15:01~DQA1*01:02~DQB1*06:02 as a linkage complex was detected 3 patients (4 alleles), RR=5,88. Devic’s neuromyelitis optica (NMO) clinical course was characterized by fast and prolonged progression. There was predominance of DRB1*14 allele with RR=3,38. Conclusion: Summarizing, in the Kazakh population the haplotype DRB1*15:01∼DQA1*01:02∼DQB1*06:02 as a linkage complex was associated with prediction to MS and leukoencephalitis, but not to Devic’s NMO. Our study highlights the importance of awareness of MS and related disorders diagnosis which allows to implement early admission of disease-modified treatment in pediatric MS in Kazakhstan.

Motor fMRI responses analyzed in 10 patients with mild posttraumatic hemiparesis displayed high variability in deviations from normal on movement not only of the afflicted but also the intact hand. Changes in fMRI rearrangements, most marked on use of the afflicted hand, were apparent as weakening of the main components of the response and increases in activation of cortical and subcortical brain structures not specific for the movement. Comparison of fMRI responses on motor loading of the afflicted and intact hands showed that the clearest marker of mild hemiparesis was weakening of the cerebellar component of the response. Comparison with normative data (15 healthy subjects) showed more marked features in the reorganization of the sensorimotor motor fMRI response in patients with right-sided hemiparesis.

The studies of the dependence of acoustic characteristics on the microstructure of chromium-molybdenum-vanadium steels in various structural states after long term operation are presented. The meaning of the acoustic limit state criterion, which represents a relative assessment of accumulated structural damage of the long run metal for the time delay of ultrasonic Rayleigh waves and determination of the limit state of the material, is revealed. It is established that at the acoustic criterion of the limit state of ≥0.7, the metal is in the state of avalanche creep and reaches the limit state. Measurements of acoustic characteristics gave a good agreement with the results of metallographic studies conducted on sections of metal cuttings. In addition, the criterion was tested when diagnosing technical devices made of steel 15X1M1F, 12X2MFSR, 17GS, 09G2S.

In the paper, we investigate the gauge fields that are characterized by the existence of non-trivial integrals of motion for the Wong equations. For the gauge group 𝑆𝑈(2), the class of fields admitting only the isospin first integrals is described in detail. All gauge non-equivalent Yang–Mills fields admitting a linear integral of motion for the Wong equations are classified in the three-dimensional Euclidean space

Analysis of fMRI in the resting state (RS) is a suitable methodological approach to studying basal levels of functional brain activity in humans in health and disease. The inadequate development of this direction in Russia is partly due to the small number of Russian publications describing approaches to data processing. This study uses an algorithm for analysis of fMRI signals in the RS based on independent components analysis (ICA) run in the FSL environment and used for studies of typical functional resting state networks (RSN) in health. Averaging observation data by group, which is applicable for studies of healthy people, is often not appropriate for studies of different forms of cerebral pathology, which are characterized by significantly greater levels of variation in hemodynamics. Thus, studies of 17 healthy subjects included comparative evaluation of the topography and a number of quantitative measures of typical RSN identified by group and individual analysis of fMRI signals. These networks were comparable with RSN described in the literature as main and were also reproducible in group and individual analysis, which confirms the suitability, reliability, and effectiveness of using this algorithm. Individual analysis of RSN identified variability linked with a number of psychophysiological characteristics of healthy subjects (sex, motor asymmetry profile, EEG pattern), partly explaining the different levels of compliance with the patterns of the group networks. Results obtained from individual fMRI and EEG comparisons showed the potential of analysis of the topography of the sources of individual rhythms as EEG markers for RSN. The lowest levels of variability of fMRI characteristics of resting networks in health (such as maximum network activation intensity, mean frequency of the active zone of the spectrum, frequency of dominant peak) may have diagnostic value for studies of RSN in pathology.

We study symmetry properties and the possibility of exact integration of the time-independent Schrödinger equation in an external electromagnetic field. We present an algorithm for constructing the first-order symmetry algebra and describe its structure in terms of Lie algebra central extensions. Based on the well-known classification of the subalgebras of the algebra e(3), we classify all electromagnetic fields for which the corresponding time-independent Schrödinger equations admit first-order symmetry algebras. Moreover, we select the integrable cases, and for physically interesting electromagnetic fields, we reduced the original Schrödinger equation to an ordinary differential equation using the noncommutative integration method developed by Shapovalov and Shirokov.

OBJECTIVE to conduct a comparative study of the composition of the microbiota of the urethra in men with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and healthy men. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 103 men aged 18 to 45 years: 42 men with urethritis caused by STIs and 61 clinically healthy men. Identification of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in scrapings from the urethra was performed by PCR in real time (test system Androflor (DNA-Technology, Moscow). RESULTS In the analysis of the total bacterial mass, it was found that the bacterial contamination of the urethral biotope in patients with STI was significantly higher than in the group of healthy men (5.8 Lg10 and 4.7 Lg10, respectively), with the highest level of bacterial contamination was detected in patients infected with N. gonorrhoeae (6.4 Lg10). Patients with STIs had significantly lower levels of relative Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp. and their amounts in General compared to clinically healthy men: according to ROC analysis, the best diagnostic indicator (0.93+/-0.04, p

We have analyzed EEG alterations during a passive hand movement test in ten patients with varying degrees of hemiparesis caused by brain injury and compared them with normal data (17 healthy volunteers). The fMRI responses of the patients were normal. It was found that additional brain structures (that seem to be untypical of healthy people) are included in the reactive process in patients with brain injury. Additionally, we observed a widening of affected frequency bands. We observed the highest correlation with the degree of hemiparesis for the topographical parameters of changes in EEG coherence during the passive hand movement test with specific response features of the brain hemispheres contra- and ipsilateral to the movement. It is discussed whether there is any involvement of the tactile component in the passive motor EEG response. The data are considered in the context of the earlier hypothesis [1, 2] on the participation of the extrapyramidal system in the compensation of a post-traumatic motor defect.

fMRI data indicate that backward mental counting is accompanied by activation of structures in the left hemisphere: the supplementary motor area, the precentral gyrus, and the triangular part of the inferior frontal and inferior parietal gyrus, as well as the middle frontal gyrus on both sides. The literature indicates that each of these cortical activation zones is a component of the executive functions. The EEG response is highly diffuse. Its asymmetry and zonal concentration are apparent in the behavior of quantitative indicators of the individual frequency ranges. The greatest level of correspondence with the topography of fMRI responses is seen for increases in coherence in the EEG α2 and α3 ranges (9–12.5 Hz), especially in the prefrontal and anterotemporal areas of the left hemisphere. The aim of the present work was to analyze the cerebral structural-functional support of the “silent backward counting” task in healthy humans in the context of evaluating the state of executive functions. Complex EEG and fMRI investigations were conducted in eight healthy subjects aged 24 ± 3 years.

In this paper, the classification of electromagnetic fields invariant under three-dimensional E(3) subgroups is given. For every electromagnetic field from this classification, all first-order symmetry operators commuting with the operator of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation are calculated.

In this study, we investigate the symmetry properties and the possibility of exact integration of the Klein--Gordon equation in the presence of an external electromagnetic field on 3D de Sitter background. We present an algorithm for constructing the first-order symmetry algebra and describe its structure in terms of Lie algebra extensions. Based on the well-known classification of the inequivalent subalgebras of the algebra $\mathfrak{so}(1,3)$, we obtain the classification of the electromagnetic fields on $\mathrm{dS}_3$ admitting first-order symmetry algebras of the Klein-Gordon equation. Then, we select the integrable cases, and for each of them, we construct exact solutions, using the non-commutative integration method developed by Shapovalov and Shirokov. In Appendix, we present an original algebraic method for constructing the special local coordinates on de Sitter space, in which the basis vector fields for subalgebras of the algebra $\mathfrak{so}(1,3)$ have the simplest form., 24 pages

The influence of modifying additives and synthesis conditions on the genesis of the phase composition of alumina–chromium catalysts was studied by differential dissolution (DD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The salts of potassium (KNO3) and lithium (LiCl) were added as additives. It was found that the individual nature of the additives affected the formation of phases. Although potassium and lithium cations occur in the same group of the periodic system, they differently react with a phase of γ-Al2O3 in the support: lithium forms a LixAl1 solid solution with the crystallized finely dispersed γ-Al2O3 species, whereas potassium mainly remains on the surface of the finely dispersed Al2O3 species and partially forms potassium aluminate. The interaction of lithium cations with the active component Cr(VI) of the catalyst leads to the formation of lithium chromate analogously to the reaction of the potassium cation with $${\text{CrO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}.$$ However, a portion of lithium cations is introduced into the structure of the substitution solid solution of Cr(III) in γ‑Al2O3 to form addition solid solutions (Al1Crx1– x2Liy1 –y2).

to conduct a comparative study of the composition of the microbiota of the urethra in men with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and healthy men.The study included 103 men aged 18 to 45 years: 42 men with urethritis caused by STIs and 61 clinically healthy men. Identification of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in scrapings from the urethra was performed by PCR in real time (test system Androflor (DNA-Technology, Moscow).In the analysis of the total bacterial mass, it was found that the bacterial contamination of the urethral biotope in patients with STI was significantly higher than in the group of healthy men (5.8 Lg10 and 4.7 Lg10, respectively), with the highest level of bacterial contamination was detected in patients infected with N. gonorrhoeae (6.4 Lg10). Patients with STIs had significantly lower levels of relative Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp. and their amounts in General compared to clinically healthy men: according to ROC analysis, the best diagnostic indicator (0.93+/-0.04, p0.001), distinguishing a group of healthy individuals from patients with STI, was the amount of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. ("Amount Of Normoflor"). In patients infected with C. trachomatis, compared with clinically healthy men, the relative number was significantly higher of Bacteroides spp. / Porphyromonas spp. / Prevotella spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. / Parvimonas spp.; in patients infected with N. gonorrhoeae - Anaerococcus spp. and in patients infected with M. genitalium - Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Anaerococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. / Parvimonas spp. and Eubacterium spp.An increase in the total bacterial contamination of the urethra in STI was found, most pronounced in infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The best diagnostic indicator that distinguishes normal microbiota from the microbiota of patients with STIs is the sum of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. In patients with clinical signs of an inflammatory reaction and the presence of STIs, a decrease in the normoflora in all types of STIs and an increase in obligate anaerobic bacteria - Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Bacteroides spp. / Porphyromonas spp. / Prevotella spp., Anaerococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. / Parvimonas spp. and Eubacterium spp.

The basis for the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) is genetic predisposition, hypersensitivity to allergens, Th1/Th2 disbalance, increased degranulation of mast cells and antigen-presenting activity of Langerhans cells, as well as epidermal barrier dysfunction. Recently, genotypes, phenotypes and endotypes of AD, and biomarkers, which can be used to assess the effectiveness of therapy and to develop personalized approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease, have been actively studied. The aim of this study was to determine the endotypes of atopic dermatitis on the basis of molecular genetic study of cytokine gene expression in the skin of AD patients. Materials and methods. The study was performed as a «case-control», 90 AD patients and 30 healthy individuals without signs of atopy were included. The material for evaluation of cytokine gene expression was skin biopsy samples taken by punch biopsy. The level of gene expression was determined by real-time PCR with preliminary reverse transcription of mRNA of the corresponding genes («DNA-Technology», Moscow). The transcript levels of ILB, IL2, IL2r, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL7, IL8, IL10, IL12A, IL12B, IL15, IL17A, IL18, IL23, IL28, IL29, IFNy, TNF, TGFß, FOXP3 genes were studied. Results. Based on the molecular genetic study of the local immune response the following endotypes of AD were determined: endotype with predominance of Th1-type immune response (3% of patients); endotype with predominance of Th2-type immune response (3% of patients); mixed endotype with increased expression of IL2 (20% of patients); mixed endotype with reduced expression of IL10 (64% of patients); mixed endotype with increased expression of TGFß (9% of patients). Clinically significant biomarkers of inflammation in atopic dermatitis - decreased mRNA level of IL1ß gene expression and increased mRNA level of IL2R, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12ß, IL23, IL29, IFNy and TGFß genes expression were determined in the skin of AD patients compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion. The use of molecular genetic method for evaluation of local immune response on the basis of cytokines gene expression measurement in the skin allows to identify the most significant biomarkers characterizing different endotypes of AD, and to determine the type of immune response in the individual patient.

Traditionally, the X-ray analysis (XRD) method is used to study the phase composition of a solid. But phases with structural defects, poorly crystallized (with disordered structure and amorphous), microphases, phases of variable composition, surface phases and phases, distributed in various ways throughout the entire volume of the sample, often turn out to be X-ray amorphous. In these situations, the stochiographic DR method proves to be more effective, since it allows qualitatively and quantitatively to detect both the crystalline and X-ray amorphous phases listed above. The phase compositions of the spinel type catalysts Cu 1 Cr 2 O 4 and Cu 1 Fe 2 O 4 were studied by the stoichiographic method of differentiating dissolution (DR). It is established that the nature of the element and temperature influence the formation of the spinel structure, creating new shapes. The paper describes phase transformations occurring in the synthesis of catalysts, which was carried out by coprecipitation from a mixture of solutions of nitrate salts. It was found that the temperature of 85°C forms various stoichiometric formations, which are precursors of spinels. The 600°C temperature in the case of copper-chromium systems forms stoichiometric compounds of the spinel composition Cu 1 2+ Cr 2 3+ O 4 and structures with different degree of ordering. In the case of copper-iron systems at 600 °C, stoichiometric compounds of the Cu 1-x 2+ Fe 2 3+ O 4 spinel composition and structure are defective in copper. The 900°C temperature pro­vides the formation of compounds of a given spinel composition Me 1 2+ Me 2 3+ O 4 and structures in both systems. The results by the DR method were compared with the results of the XRD method. A comparative analysis has shown that the ordered or crystallized forms of spinels and oxides are detected by both methods, while disordered and defective forms of spinels, the shapes of disordered solid solutions, and also small amounts of oxides show only the DR method.

A 64-channel readout and data-acquisition module is described in detail. It consists of an H12700 multianode photomultiplier tube, four PADIWA preamplifier boards, and a TRB v3 card that perform the functions of a time-to-digital converter and a data concentrator. The software modules that are necessary for operation of the prototype are described. The inter-channel delays are calibrated. The drift of individual delays does not exceed 0.5 ns for the entire measurement time. The spectra of the “time over threshold” (ToT) are investigated. The influence of periodic noise pickups and the need to improve circuit designs are revealed. The timing properties of the wavelength shifter and its effect on the detection efficiency for Cherenkov rings are investigated. The most intense component is characterized by a decay time of 1.1 ns and there are components with characteristic times of 3.8 and 45 ns. The influence of single-electron spectrum features on the detection efficiency for photoelectrons and the probability of false hits are determined. The total time resolution of 131 channels is 1.1 ns (FWHM). The results make it possible to use the investigated system of readout and data acquisition in the CBM experiment. Nevertheless, the elimination of the revealed shortcomings will provide the efficiency margin and improve the reliability of the system during long-term operation.

The results of the EEG study of patients with tumor lesion of diencephalic (29 subjects) and limbic (25 subjects) structures with the focus on the analysis of structural and functional organization of α activity have been summarized. It has been found that diencephalic structure dysfunction is accompanied by disorder of α-rhythm spatial organization in the form of generalization or translocation of its focus to the frontal regions of the cerebral cortex. Distinctive features of “diencephalic” type alteration of α rhythm are determined by predominant integration of the thalamic or hypothalamic structures into the pathological process. Involvement of the limbic structures, especially at early stages of the disease, induces increase in α-rhythm intensity in the temporal region of the affected hemisphere. The nature of the response of the EEG pattern to the functional stress allows identifying it as a “hippocampal α rhythm”. Implementation of the automatic methods of analyzing plays an important role in the identification of these specified pathologic forms of the α rhythm that are often invisible during visual assessment. Detected atypical forms of α rhythm facilitates the interpretation of hemispheric asymmetry of the EEG in patients with cerebral pathology.

The process of mechanical alloying in the 33Al-45Cu-22Fe (at.%) powder mixture subjected to high-energy ball milling was studied. Due to complexity of the alloy formation in this system, several methods – X-ray diffraction phase analysis, Differential Dissolution, thermal analysis and Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy – were combined to obtain the detailed information on the structure and composition of the mechanical alloying products. Possible formation mechanisms of these phases during mechanical alloying are discussed. No crystalline phase containing Fe and Cu, Al has been found in the products of mechanical alloying of the 33Al-45Cu-22Fe mixture. The formation of Cu-Al phases followed the sequence of Al2Cu → Al4Cu9 → Cu(Al) solid solution. When only those phases that were detected by the XRD analysis were taken into account, the mass balance of Al and Fe in the products of mechanical alloying was not satisfied. The Differential Dissolution and high-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy data suggest the formation of non-stoichiometric X-ray amorphous phases containing all three elements. Reasons for the retardation of the solid-state interaction between aluminum and copper in the ternary powder mixture are discussed.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, recurring disease of the gastrointestinal tract of unclear etiology. One of the new approaches to CD therapy is the use of the possibilities of stem cells, in particular, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Currently, the use of MSC in clinical practice for the treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is being studied in patients who receive concomitant therapy with other immunomodulatory medications. Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of MSCs therapy in patients with CD receiving azathioprine (AZA). Materials and methods. The study included 34 patients with inflammatory (luminal) form of CD. The 1st group of patients (n=15) received anti-inflammatory therapy using MSCs culture in combination with AZA. The 2nd group (n=19) received MSCs without AZA. The severity of the attack was assessed in points in accordance with the of Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI). Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM), interleukins (IL) 1β, 4, 10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (INF-γ), transforming growth factor-1β (TGF-1β), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelets and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at 2, 6 and 12 months from the beginning of MSCs therapy. Results. The initial mean CDAI in the 1st group was 337.6±17.1 points, in the 2nd group - 332.7±11.0 points (p=0.3). In both groups of patients there was a significant decrease in CDAI after 2 months. From the beginning of therapy MSCs: in the 1st group to 118.9±12.4 points, in the 2nd - 120.3±14.1 points (p=0.7), after 6 months - 110.3±11.1 and 114.3±11.8 points (p=0.8), respectively. After 12 months CDAI in the 1st group was 99.9±10.8 points, in the 2nd group it was 100.6±12.1 points (p=0.8). The level of IgA, IgG, IgM was significantly lower in the group of patients with a longer history of the disease and long-term ASA. After the introduction of MSC in both groups of patients with BC, there was a tendency for the growth of pro - and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with a significantly lower level of pro-inflammatory cytokines - INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β - in the 1st group, indicating potentiation of the immunosuppressive effect of MSCs and AZA, which provides a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusion. Transplantation of MSCs promotes an increase in the serum of patients with CD initially reduced concentration of IG, cytokines and restoring their balance as the onset of clinical remission. The combination with AZA has a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

Methods for the organization of safe manufacturing processes and for the control of technological risk in Russia and abroad are considered. The structure, problems, and types of estimation (levels) of risk and the advantages of the method of Risk Based Inspection (RBI), a method for optimizing programs of inspection and maintenance, are set forth.

Background. To study tacrolimus 0,1% ointment influence on the skin local immune parameters in patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients with moderate (n=20) and severe (n=10) AD. All patients underwent a topical continuous course of treatment with tacrolimus 0,1% ointment twice a day for 14 days. The clinical efficacy of tacrolimus 0,1% ointment was evaluated by the change of the following parameters: SCORAD index, Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) before and after the treatment. All patients underwent a study of local immune response before and after the treatment with the assessment of the expression of IL4, IL5, IL7, IL8, IL10, IL17A, IL23, IL23, IFNγ TGFB1, FOXP3 genes in irritated and treated skin lesions obtained by biopsy. Results. Positive clinical effect - reduction of infiltration, papular rash, dryness, intensity of itch, reflected in the significant decreasing of SCORAD index and IGA was found. The significant decreasing of TGFß (p=0,043308) and IL8 (p=0,038867) gene expression level was revealed, TGFβ and IL8 are the markers of chronic inflammation in atopic dermatitis. The decrease of these parameters during the topical tacrolimus treatment demonstrates local immune response changes in the skin, accompanied by improvement of AD symptoms. Conclusion. The study showed clinical efficacy as well as immunosuppressive activity of tacrolimus 0,1% ointment in patients with moderate and severe AD represented in decreasing of proinflammatory cytokines gene expression TGFβ and IL8 in skin lesions.

The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research (FAIR) will investigate the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter at high net-baryon density and moderate temperature in A+A collisions. One of the key detectors of CBM to explore this physics program is a Ring Imaging CHerenkov (RICH) detector for electron identification. For a high performance of the RICH detector precise mirror alignment is essential. A three-step correction cycle has been developed, which will be discussed: First a qualitative, fast check of the mirror positions, second a quantitative determination of possible misalignments and third a software correction routine, allowing a proper functioning of the RICH under misalignment conditions.