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The interaction in the Sb2Te3–InSe system was studied and the T–x phase diagram was constructed by integrated methods of physicochemical analysis (differential thermal, X-ray powder diffraction, and microstructural analyses) and also by microhardness and density measurements. It was found that the Sb2Se3–InSe system is a quasi-binary section of the ternary reciprocal system Sb,In||Se,Te. In the Sb2Te3–InSe system, compounds InSb2SeTe3 and In3Sb2Se3Te3 form, which incongruently melt at 525 and 600°C, respectively. It was found that the regions of solid solutions based on Sb2Te3 and InSe extend to 3 and 2 mol %, respectively. The compounds Sb2Se3 and InSe form a eutectic with the coordinates 20 mol % InSe and 510°C. The temperature dependences of the electrical conductivity and thermal emf of the solid solutions (Sb2Te3)1 – x(InSe)x (x = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03).

Social policy is among key priorities for Iran due to unique Islamic regime governance structure further cemented by the historic cultural and ethno-religious heterogeneity of Iranian society. The current Islamic republic governance is only four decades old, and the social policy as a part of the society management system is being shaped and developed considering both Islamic principles and the population ever changing needs. The article provides an analysis of the Islamic Republic of Iran social policy targets, trends and outcomes over the different periods of times as well as surveys various Islamic patterns for the population’s social support. The research evaluates the waqfs’ and Islamic foundations contribution shares as part of national rural and urban households spending. The author pays special attention to the different population categories’ living standards evolution, analysed both from the income standpoint, and the health care and educational systems, the households' utility services (including housing, electricity, drinking water, gas, etc.). The social justice achievement was stated as one of the main goals of the Islamic regime, and the author surveys the socio-economic stratification of the Iranian society, as well as the dynamics of poverty and inequality. These processes are driven by the domestic socio-economic policy to a large extent, but are also dependent on its correlation with the situation in global market. The author concludes that currently the support opportunities for the poorest become increasingly dependent on the external environment. That said, while the ideology had the most powerful impact on the society consolidation over the past decades, at present it is being replaced with quite pragmatic population’s aspirations such as the achievement of higher living standards, the ensured access to active participation in the economic and political life of the country.

Aim. To determine prevalence of glaucoma among adult urban population on example of Ganja city of the Azerbaijan Republic.Methods. In city polyclinics primary examination was performed in 6585 people that makes 3% of adults of the population. Among the examined patients the indications for thorough in-patient work-up were determined in 250 patients. The diagnosis of glaucoma was confirmed in 220 patients (90 males and 130 females). The prevalence of glaucoma was determined (in % of the examined patients). The patients were divided into groups according to their gender, age, education, family history, presence of eye and internal diseases. A group with the lowest prevalence of glaucoma was chosen as a reference, and the other groups were termed as study groups for the assessment of relative risk of glaucoma development.Results. Glaucoma was revealed in 2.7±0.28% of males and 3.9±0.34% of females (p 0.05). Morbidity rate in women is higher compared to men. Risk factors of glaucoma are: intraocular pressure 21 mm Hg - 3.8±0.24%, compromised family history - 4.7±0.27%, diabetes mellitus - 3.66±0.24%, myopia - 5.7±0.3%, cataract - 10.0±0.4%, arterial hypertension - 11.9±0.4%. General morbidity rate of glaucoma among patients older than 20 years old is 3.45±0.23%. The lowest prevalence of glaucoma was determined among people of 20-29 years old (0.9±0.22%; 95% confidence interval 0.40-1.33). Prevalence of glaucoma increases with age of the examined patients. Statistically significant increase of prevalence of glaucoma is detected among population aged 40 years or older (3.3±0.49% of people aged 40-49 years) and reaches its maximum among people aged 60-69 years (12.2±1.56%).Conclusion. Prevalence of glaucoma among population of Ganja aged 20 years and older is comparatively high; differentiated monitoring of intraocular pressure with risk factors taken into account is reliable for early detection of glaucoma.

Occlusion of the superficial femoral artery is a frequently encountered pathology in peripheral vascular disease. In patients with chronic lower limb ischaemia in a lesion of crural arteries the results of femoropopliteal bypass grafting are unsatisfactory, therefore, the deep femoral artery becomes the decisive collateral pathway for perfusion of the lower extremity.The study included a total of 166 patients presenting with TASC II B, C and D type lesions of the femoropopliteal segment after profundoplasty, who were subdivided into 3 groups depending on the stage of chronic lower limb ischaemia: Group 1 - 95 patients with stage II B, Group 2 - 56 patients with stage III, and Group 3 - 15 patients with stage IV.Five years after profundoplasty in Group 1 amputation was avoided in 90 patients (94.7%) in Group 2 - in 47 patients (83.9%), where p=0.028. During 14 months in Group 3 due to unsatisfactory distal bed 15 patients (100%) were subjected to amputation of the operated lower limb at various levels. The binary logistic regression analysis of the diameter of the deep femoral artery (p=0.045, OR=0.139) and the state of the distal arterial bed (p=0.02, OR=9.341) demonstrated that the diameter of the artery directly influenced the outcome of profundoplasty within up to 5 years.Profundoplasty is an effective operation from the point of view of clinical and haemodynamic outcomes for patients presenting with occlusion of the superficial femoral artery and stenosis of the deep femoral artery with stage IIB and III chronic lower limb ischaemia. The diameter of the deep femoral artery and the condition of the arterial bed are the factors influencing the results of profundoplasty within up to 5 years.Окклюзия поверхностной бедренной артерии – это частая патология при заболеваниях периферических сосудов. У больных с хронической ишемией нижних конечностей при поражении артерий голени отдаленные результаты бедренно-подколенного шунтирования являются неудовлетворительными, поэтому глубокая бедренная артерия становится решающим коллатеральным путем для перфузии нижней конечности. Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 166 больных с поражением бедренно-подколенного сегмента TASC II B, C и D типов после выполнения профундопластики, которые были разделены на 3 группы в зависимости от стадии хронической ишемии нижних конечностей: 1 группа – 95 пациентов со IIБ стадией, 2 группа – 56 пациентов с III стадией, 3 группа – 15 пациентов с IV стадией. Результаты. Через 5 лет после профундопластики в 1 группе ампутации удалось избежать у 90 пациентов (94,7%), во 2 группе – у 47 пациентов (83,9%), где p=0,028. В течение 14 месяцев в 3 группе вследствие неудовлетворительного дистального русла у 15 пациентов (100%) была выполнена ампутация оперированной нижней конечности на разных уровнях. При бинарном логистическом регрессионном анализе диаметра глубокой бедренной артерии (p=0,045, OR=0,139) и состояния дистального артериального русла (р=0,02, OR=9,341) выяснилось, что диаметр артерии напрямую влияет на исход профундопластики в сроке до 5 лет. Заключение. Профундопластика – это эффективная операция с точки зрения клинических и гемодинамических результатов для пациентов с окклюзией поверхностной бедренной артерии и стенозом глубокой бедренной артерии с хронической ишемией нижних конечностей IIБ и III стадий. Диаметр глубокой бедренной артерии и состояние дистального артериального русла являются факторами, влияющими на результат профундопластики в сроке до 5 лет.

Our study was aimed at determining advantages of profundoplasty in patients with critical ischaemia of lower limbs in repeat arterial reconstructions. It included a total of 56 patients subjected to redo operations for thrombosis of a femoropopliteal bypass graft. Of these, 29 underwent profundoplasty (group I) and 27 repeat femoropopliteal bypass grafting (group II). Critical ischaemia was relieved in the early postoperative period in 28 (97%) and 24 (89%) patients of group I and II, respectively. The 3-year patency rate after profundoplasty amounted to 100% and after femoropopliteal bypass grafting to 47% (p0.05). The lower-limb amputation rates over the 3-year period of follow up amounted to 3 (10%) and 11 (41%), p0.05, respectively. Over the 3-year period of follow up, there was no statistically significant difference in the values of the ankle-brachial index (p0.05).В работе определены преимущества профундопластики у пациентов с критической ишемией нижних конечностей при повторных артериальных реконструкциях. В исследование были включены 56 пациентов, которым повторно выполнялась операция по поводу тромбоза бедренно-подколенного шунта: 29 проведена профундопластика (I группа), 27 – повторное бедренно-подколенное шунтирование (II группа). Купирование критической ишемии в раннем послеоперационном периоде отмечено у 28 (97%) больных I группы и 24 (89%) – II группы. Показатель проходимости за 3-летний период наблюдения после профундопластики составил 100%, после бедренно-подколенного шунтирования – 47% (р0,05). Ампутация нижней конечности за 3-летний период наблюдения в I группе осуществлена 3 больным (10%), во II группе – 11 (41%), р0,05. За 3-летний период наблюдения в группах не было статистически значимой разницы в показателях лодыжечно-плечевого индекса (р0,05).

The article discusses the features of broadcast and traditions in the cultural space. Sociocultural retrospective reveals a wide variety of social programs transferring their experience, their organization in the tradition. The conclusion has been made about a complex tangle of demonstrative and imperative, nonverbal and verbal ways of creating and maintaining traditions.

The paper analyzes the characteristics of the broadcast of sociocultural experience. It is shown that modern historical stage is associated with the formation of a united democratic style of relationship to the cultural heritage of the past. It is caused by deep-seated patterns of culture itself, increased integration in all spheres of society. In this regard, feature of temporal being culture - the presence of social memory is highlighted. Formation of human values is the result of a kind of cultural history. As a key mechanism of successive development of a culture increasingly recognized the need for careful and responsible attitude to national cultures, to the cultural wealth of mankind.

Atherosclerosis obliterans is managed by various reconstructions of lower-limb arteries, but despite this, in the immediate and remote postoperative period there appears the necessity to carry out repeat reconstructions, which might be caused by shunt thrombosis, progression of atherosclerosis, etc. One of the methods of solving this problem is revascularization of lower-limb arteries through the deep femoral vein with plasty thereof. In occlusive lesions of the superficial femoral artery, the deep femoral artery plays the key role in blood supply of the entire extremity. The article deals with the principles of repeat surgical treatment of lower-limb arteries with the use of the deep femoral artery, also discussing the problems concerning the frequency of occurrence of thromboses in various positions, and the role of the deep femoral artery in blood supply of the lower extremity. The problem of efficacy of redo operations on lower-limb arteries using the deep femoral artery is still important. Despite the possibility of revascularization of lower extremities through the deep femoral vein, a high percentage of amputations remains. The terms of patency of the reconstructed deep femoral artery has proved to be several times longer than those of femoropopliteal and femorotibial shunts in the remote postoperative period. Besides, there are no clear-cut criteria for prognosis of efficacy of reconstructive interventions on the deep femoral artery in patients with multi-segment lesions of arteries of lower extremities after primary interventions, therefore, no common surgical policy exists. The use of the deep femoral artery in patients with ischaemia of lower extremities is explained by the minimally traumatic nature and confirmed efficacy after a series of previously performed multilevel operations, severe lesions of the distal bed, as well as in patients with severe concomitant diseases.При облитерирующем атеросклерозе осуществляются различные реконструкции на артериях нижних конечностей, но, несмотря на это в ближайшем и отдаленном послеоперационном периоде возникает необходимость в проведении повторных реконструкций, причинами которых могут быть тромбозы шунтов, прогрессирование атеросклероза и т. д. Одним из способов решения данной проблемы является реваскуляризация артерий нижних конечностей через глубокую артерию бедра с ее пластикой. При окклюзионном поражении поверхностной бедренной артерии глубокая бедренная артерия имеет колоссальное значение для кровоснабжения всей нижней конечности. В статье освещаются принципы повторного хирургического лечения артерий нижних конечностей с использованием глубокой артерии бедра, обсуждаются вопросы частоты возникновения тромбозов в различных позициях и роль глубокой артерии бедра в кровоснабжении нижней конечности. Проблема повышения эффективности повторных операций на артериях нижних конечностей с использованием глубокой бедренной артерии все еще актуальна. Несмотря на возможность реваскуляризации нижних конечностей через глубокую артерию бедра, сохраняется высокий процент ампутаций. Сроки проходимости реконструированной глубокой бедренной артерии в несколько раз выше проходимости бедренно-подколенных и бедренно-берцовых шунтов в отдаленном послеоперационном периоде. Также нет четких критериев прогноза эффективности реконструктивных вмешательств на глубокой бедренной артерии у больных с мультисегментарными поражениями артерий нижних конечностей после первичных вмешательств, поэтому не существует единой хирургической тактики. Применение глубокой бедренной артерии у больных с ишемией нижних конечностей объясняется малой травматичностью и эффективностью после ряда ранее выполненных многоэтажных операций, тяжелых поражениях дистального русла, а также у пациентов с тяжелыми сопутствующими заболеваниями.

The article analyzes the main trends in the socio-economic and political development of the Islamic Republic of Iran after returned American unilateral sanctions and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic Reviewing the situation in Iran in the first months of the pandemic, the authors analyze the government’s efforts to minimize its consequences and give their assessments of the socio-economic and political development of Iran in the near future Iran became the second center of COVID-19 spread after China However, the authorities, while imposing some restrictions, did not impose a strict isolation regime Lack of quarantine in some areas led to the spread of the disease throughout the country The forced closure of enterprises, air routes and land borders led to financial losses, an increase in unemployment and a decrease in the living standards of the population The socio-economic crisis caused by the pandemic is of a global nature It resulted in a drop in oil prices The situation is in Iran is aggravated by the economic recession, due to oil export sanctions and reduction in country’s income The religious factor plays an important role in government programs Islamic foundations also support the population However, the closure of mosques and the restriction of religious activity displease Shiite clerics Iranian society does not accept social distancing measures;it is not ready to abandon gatherings and meetings since its ethno-cultural traditions are based on the principle of collectivism In the context of the socio-economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a rise of radical trends in political sphere All of the above trends may lead to instability and pose a threat to public security © 2020 Russian Academy of Sciences All rights reserved

We study an optimal control problem in which the plant state is described by impulsive differential equations with nonlocal boundary conditions. By using the contraction mapping principle, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution of the nonlocal impulsive boundary value problem for given feasible controls. We compute the first and second variations of the performance functional and use them to obtain various necessary second-order optimality conditions.

The conversion of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in diluted aqueous solutions at different absorbed doses of ionizing radiation using the 60Co source is studied. The radiochemical yield of TCDD conversion is (0.3–1.5) × 10−5 molecules/100 eV for solutions with 0.2–2 μg/L TCDD in open cells and 2.4 × 10−5 molecules/100 eV for air-sparged 2 μg/L TCDD solutions. It is demonstrated that the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation (25 kGy) lowers the TCDD concentration in oxygen-containing aqueous solutions virtually to zero.

We consider an optimal control problem in which the state of a system is described by control systems of ordinary differential equations with two-point boundary conditions. The admissible controls are chosen in the class of bounded measurable functions. We derive a formula for the increment of a second-order functional. On the basis of control variations, we obtain necessary optimality conditions for singular controls in the classical sense.

The reversible esterification reaction of petroleum naphthenic acids with acetylenic alcohols in the presence of homogeneous and heterogeneous acid catalysts was investigated. The optimal parameters of the process were determined and its kinetic features were investigated. It was found that propargyl alcohol is more reactive than its dimethylated analog. It was shown that propargyl esters of petroleum naphthenic acids can be used as anticorrosive additives for motor oils.

Nickel(II) thiostannate is prepared in the NiCl2-SnS2-H2O system by precipitation from solutions. Its formation temperature and homogenization time are determined. The synthesis of NiSnS3 from the ammonium acetate buffer solution is found to last 6–8 h at 80–90°C. The elemental composition of ternary nickel(II) thiostannate is detrermined by chemical analysis.

By means of questionnaire survey an outcome of pregnancies was studied, the correlation was also studied between the frequency of artificial and spontaneous abortions according to age, nationality and participation of women in public activities. A strong direct correlation was found between the age of women and frequency of spontaneous and artificial abortions as outcomes of pregnancy. Housewives are at increased risk of spontaneous abortions. The frequency and structure of spontaneous and artificial abortions and also their age dynamics among Azerbaijan women have regional peculiarities which are characterized by considerably lower level of both artificial and spontaneous abortions. A strong correlation was found between the level of spontaneous and artificial abortions.